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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mofebutazone | Mofebutazone (or monophenylbutazone) is a drug used for joint and muscular pain. It is a 3,5-pyrazolinedione derivative.
The drug binds to plasma albumin and competes with drugs such as coumarin anticoagulants, indomethacin and glucocorticoids.
References
Nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs
Pyrazolidindiones |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/CG%20suppression | CG suppression is a term for the phenomenon that CG dinucleotides are very uncommon in most portions of vertebrate genomes.
In adult somatic tissues, cytosine residues may be methylated, and this occurs almost exclusively within a symmetric CpG context. Methylated C residues spontaneously deaminate to form T residues; hence CpG dinucleotides steadily mutate to TpG dinucleotides, which gives rise to the under-representation of CpG dinucleotides in the human genome (they occur at only 21% of the expected frequency). (On the other hand, spontaneous deamination of unmethylated C residues gives rise to U residues, a mutation that is quickly recognized and repaired by the cell).
In human and mouse, CGs are the least frequent dinucleotide, making up less than 1% of all dinucleotides. GCs are the second most infrequent, making up more than 4% of all dinucleotides, so CGs are more than fourfold less frequent than all other dinucleotides.
See also
CpG island
References
Genomics techniques |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Thyroid%20nodule | Thyroid nodules are nodules (raised areas of tissue or fluid) which commonly arise within an otherwise normal thyroid gland. They may be hyperplastic or tumorous, but only a small percentage of thyroid tumors are malignant. Small, asymptomatic nodules are common, and often go unnoticed. Nodules that grow larger or produce symptoms may eventually need medical care. A goitre may have one nodule – uninodular, multiple nodules – multinodular, or be diffuse.
Signs and symptoms
Often these abnormal growths of thyroid tissue are located at the edge of the thyroid gland and can be felt as a lump in the throat. When they are large, they can sometimes be seen as a lump in the front of the neck.
Sometimes a thyroid nodule presents as a fluid-filled cavity called a thyroid cyst. Often, solid components are mixed with the fluid. Thyroid cysts most commonly result from degenerating thyroid adenomas, which are benign, but they occasionally contain malignant solid components.
Diagnosis
After a nodule is found during a physical examination, a referral to an endocrinologist, a thyroidologist or otolaryngologist may occur. Most commonly an ultrasound is performed to confirm the presence of a nodule, and assess the status of the whole gland. Measurement of thyroid stimulating hormone and anti-thyroid antibodies will help decide if there is a functional thyroid disease such as Hashimoto's thyroiditis present, a known cause of a benign nodular goitre. Fine needle biopsy for cytopathology is al |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Radiodiffusion%20Television%20Ivoirienne | Radiodiffusion-Télévision ivoirienne (RTI) is the publicly owned radio and television authority of Côte d'Ivoire. It is financed through a combination of television and radio licences, advertisements, and taxes.
History
The RTI Group (Groupe RTI) is an Ivorian public limited company with a capital of six billion CFA francs, created on October 26, 1962. It is a public body for the design of radio and audiovisual content, financed by royalties, advertising and subsidies. of State. Placed under the supervision of the Ministry of Communication, the RTI has a board of directors chaired by Aka Sayé Lazare. Journalist Fausséni Dembélé, known as “Al Séni Dembelé” has been the current Managing Director since his appointment in February 2019.
Born from the will of the President of the Republic Félix Houphouët-Boigny (1960-1993), who wanted to make it an instrument of development at the service of the populations, the RTI originally broadcast only 5 h 30 min of weekly radio programs . It only had a single 10 kW transmitter installed in Abidjan, in the town of Abobo, and a 47 m2 studio in the town of Plateau, its current headquarters.
It was four years later, on August 4, 1966, that the Maison de la Télévision was inaugurated in Cocody, equipped with two studios of 100m2 and 400m2 and state-of-the-art technical equipment of the time.
In 1973, television switched to color. The effort to cover the territory, undertaken seven years earlier, materialized with the opening of a television |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Small%20nucleolar%20RNA%20SNORA76 | In molecular biology, SNORA76 (also known as ACA62) is a non-coding RNA (ncRNA) which modifies other small nuclear RNAs (snRNAs). It is a member of the H/ACA class of small nucleolar RNA that guide the sites of modification of uridines to pseudouridines.
This snoRNA was identified by computational screening and its expression in mouse experimentally verified
by Northern blot and primer extension analysis. ACA62 is proposed to guide the pseudouridylation of 18S rRNA U34
and U105.
References
External links
Non-coding RNA |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Electrokinetic%20phenomena | Electrokinetic phenomena are a family of several different effects that occur in heterogeneous fluids, or in porous bodies filled with fluid, or in a fast flow over a flat surface. The term heterogeneous here means a fluid containing particles. Particles can be solid, liquid or gas bubbles with sizes on the scale of a micrometer or nanometer. There is a common source of all these effects—the so-called interfacial 'double layer' of charges. Influence of an external force on the diffuse layer generates tangential motion of a fluid with respect to an adjacent charged surface. This force might be electric, pressure gradient, concentration gradient, or gravity. In addition, the moving phase might be either continuous fluid or dispersed phase.
Family
Various combinations of the driving force and moving phase determine various electrokinetic effects. According to J.Lyklema, the complete family of electrokinetic phenomena includes:
electrophoresis, as motion of particles under influence of electric field;
electro-osmosis, as motion of liquid in porous body under influence of electric field;
diffusiophoresis, as motion of particles under influence of a chemical potential gradient;
capillary osmosis, as motion of liquid in porous body under influence of the chemical potential gradient;
sedimentation potential, as electric field generated by sedimenting colloid particles;
streaming potential/current, as either electric potential or current generated by fluid moving through porou |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Crystal%20Ballroom%20%28Portland%2C%20Oregon%29 | Crystal Ballroom, originally built as Cotillion Hall, is a historic building on Burnside Street in Portland, Oregon, United States. Cotillion Hall was built in 1914 as a ballroom, and dance revivals were held there through the Great Depression. Starting in the 1960s, the hall has also been host to many popular pop, rock, folk, blues and jazz artists, as well as beat poetry and other entertainment.
History
What is now known as the Crystal Ballroom was constructed in 1913–1914 and opened in early 1914, as Ringler's Cotillion Hall.
Originally owned by Montrose Ringler, the ballroom fell victim to heavy persecution of jazz and dance and Ringler lost the ballroom in the early 1920s. The ballroom was bought by Dad Watson in the mid-1920s, and largely held square dances during that period. After Watson's death in the 1930s, Ralph Farrier bought the ballroom and renamed it the Crystal Ballroom. He continued in Watson's footsteps, holding square dances through the 1950s.
In the early 1960s, due to flagging revenues, new acts were brought in, such as gypsy brass bands and R&B performers, such as James Brown, Marvin Gaye, and Ike & Tina Turner.
In 1967, largely psychedelic acts such as the Grateful Dead, Blue Cheer, and The Electric Prunes performed in the ballroom. This was cut short in 1968, due to concerns about what such music was doing to the youth of Portland.
From the 1970s through the mid-1990s, the ballroom was not used for any public events. It became a residence for squ |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cameron%E2%80%93Erd%C5%91s%20conjecture | In combinatorics, the Cameron–Erdős conjecture (now a theorem) is the statement that the number of sum-free sets contained in is
The sum of two odd numbers is even, so a set of odd numbers is always sum-free. There are odd numbers in [N ], and so subsets of odd numbers in [N ]. The Cameron–Erdős conjecture says that this counts a constant proportion of the sum-free sets.
The conjecture was stated by Peter Cameron and Paul Erdős in 1988. It was proved by Ben Green and independently by Alexander Sapozhenko in 2003.
See also
Erdős conjecture
Notes
Additive number theory
Combinatorics
Theorems in discrete mathematics
Paul Erdős
Conjectures that have been proved |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Infinite%20divisibility%20%28probability%29 | In probability theory, a probability distribution is infinitely divisible if it can be expressed as the probability distribution of the sum of an arbitrary number of independent and identically distributed (i.i.d.) random variables. The characteristic function of any infinitely divisible distribution is then called an infinitely divisible characteristic function.
More rigorously, the probability distribution F is infinitely divisible if, for every positive integer n, there exist n i.i.d. random variables Xn1, ..., Xnn whose sum Sn = Xn1 + … + Xnn has the same distribution F.
The concept of infinite divisibility of probability distributions was introduced in 1929 by Bruno de Finetti. This type of decomposition of a distribution is used in probability and statistics to find families of probability distributions that might be natural choices for certain models or applications. Infinitely divisible distributions play an important role in probability theory in the context of limit theorems.
Examples
Examples of continuous distributions that are infinitely divisible are the normal distribution, the Cauchy distribution, the Lévy distribution, and all other members of the stable distribution family, as well as the Gamma distribution, the chi-square distribution, the Wald distribution, the Log-normal distribution and the Student's t-distribution.
Among the discrete distributions, examples are the Poisson distribution and the negative binomial distribution (and hence the geometric |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Crystal%20Ballroom | Crystal Ballroom is a name associated with various buildings and ballrooms worldwide, including:
Crystal Ballroom (Portland, Oregon), a historic building in Portland, Oregon, United States
Crystal Ballroom (Melbourne), a music venue in Australia
The ballroom of the Rice Hotel in Houston, Texas, United States
The ballroom of the Empress Hotel in Victoria, British Columbia, Canada
The former ballroom of Crystal Beach Park in Crystal Beach, Ontario
Live at the Crystal Ballroom is a live DVD by The Black Keys, filmed in the Portland, Oregon Crystal Ballroom |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Flufenamic%20acid | Flufenamic acid (FFA) is a member of the anthranilic acid derivatives (or fenamate) class of nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs). Like other members of the class, it is a cyclooxygenase (COX) inhibitor, preventing the formation of prostaglandins. FFA is known to bind to and reduce the activity of prostaglandin F synthase and activate TRPC6.
It is not widely used in humans as it has a high rate (30–60%) of gastrointestinal side effects. It is generally not available in the US. It is available in some Asian and European countries as a generic drug.
Scientists led by Claude Winder from Parke-Davis invented FFA in 1963, along with fellow members of the class, mefenamic acid in 1961 and meclofenamic acid in 1964.
Although flufenamic acid was at one time informally referred to as "Fluffy" (see history cache), this pet name could also refer to flufenoxine.
References
Anthranilic acids
Trifluoromethyl compounds
GABAA receptor positive allosteric modulators
NMDA receptor antagonists |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Alminoprofen | Alminoprofen is a non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug.
References
Anilines
Propionic acids
Alkene derivatives |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Edna%20High%20School | Edna High School is a public high school located in the city of Edna, Texas, United States and classified as a 3A school by the UIL. It is a part of the Edna Independent School District located in northwest Jackson County. In 2015, the school was rated "Met Standard" by the Texas Education Agency.
Athletics
The Edna Cowboys compete in these sports -
Cross Country, Volleyball, Football, Basketball, Powerlifting, Golf, Tennis, Track, Baseball & Softball
State Titles
Girls Basketball -
1965(2A)
Boys Track -
2012(2A),
State Finalists
Football -
1965(2A)
Girls Basketball -
1990(3A)
Notable alumni
Stone Cold Steve Austin - American actor and retired professional wrestler.
References
External links
Edna ISD website
Public high schools in Texas
Schools in Jackson County, Texas |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Oxicam | Oxicam is a class of non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs), meaning that they have anti-inflammatory, analgesic, and antipyretic therapeutic effects. Oxicams bind closely to plasma proteins. Most oxicams are unselective inhibitors of the cyclooxygenase (COX) enzymes. The exception is meloxicam with a slight (10:1) preference for COX-2, which, however, is only clinically relevant at low doses.
The most popular drug of the oxicam class is piroxicam. Other examples include: ampiroxicam, droxicam, pivoxicam, tenoxicam, lornoxicam, and meloxicam.
Isoxicam has been suspended as a result of fatal skin reactions.
Chemistry
The physico-chemical characteristics of these molecules vary greatly depending upon the environment.
In contrast to most other NSAIDs, oxicams are not carboxylic acids. They are tautomeric, and can exist as a number of tautomers (keto-enol tautomerism), here exemplified by piroxicam:
Side effects
The oxicams are associated with drug-related erythema multiforme (EM), Stevens–Johnson syndrome, and toxic epidermal necrolysis (TEN). This association is one of the reasons oxicams are not regularly prescribed.
References
Dermatoxins
Nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs
Sultams |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Desoxymethyltestosterone | Desoxymethyltestosterone (DMT), known by the nicknames Madol and Pheraplex, is a synthetic and orally active anabolic–androgenic steroid (AAS) and a 17α-methylated derivative of dihydrotestosterone (DHT) which was never marketed for medical use. It was one of the first designer steroids to be marketed as a performance-enhancing drug to athletes and bodybuilders.
Desoxymethyltestosterone is sometimes abbreviated as DMT, though it should not be confused with the hallucinogen dimethyltryptamine, which is also known by the same acronym.
Side effects
Pharmacology
Pharmacodynamics
In animal studies, desoxymethyltestosterone has been found to bind to the androgen receptor (AR) about half as strongly as DHT, and to cause side effects that are typical of 17α-alkylated AAS, such as liver damage and left ventricular hypertrophy when taken in higher doses.
Desoxymethyltestosterone is unusual in that it is structurally a 2-ene compound, lacking the 3-keto group present in almost all commercial AAS (with ethylestrenol being a rare and notable exception). This does not mean it is a weak compound, and clinical research has determined that it is a fairly potent oral agent. Rat studies indicate that desoxymethyltestosterone has an anabolic effect 160% that of testosterone while being only 60% as androgenic, giving it a Q ratio of 6.5:1. Because of this favorable ratio, experiments in orchiectomized rats have demonstrated that treatment with desoxymethyltestosterone resulted only in a stim |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cleveland%20Cavaliers%20all-time%20roster | The following is a list of players, both past and current, who appeared at least in one game for the Cleveland Cavaliers NBA franchise.
Players
Note: Statistics are correct through the end of the season.
A to B
|-
|align="left"| || align="center"|F || align="left"|Louisville || align="center"|1 || align="center"| || 19 || 194 || 19 || 5 || 32 || 10.2 || 1.0 || 0.3 || 1.7 || align=center|
|-
|align="left"| || align="center"|F || align="left"|South Florida || align="center"|1 || align="center"| || 7 || 43 || 12 || 1 || 17 || 6.1 || 1.7 || 0.1 || 2.4 || align=center|
|-
|align="left" bgcolor="#FBCEB1"|* || align="center"|C || align="left"|Texas || align="center"|3 || align="center"|– || 175 || 5,574 || 1,774 || 291 || 2,545 || 31.9 || 10.1 || 1.7 || 14.5 || align=center|
|-
|align="left"| || align="center"|C || align="left"|Weber State || align="center"|1 || align="center"| || 3 || 10 || 1 || 0 || 3 || 3.3 || 0.3 || 0.0 || 1.0 || align=center|
|-
|align="left"| || align="center"|F/C || align="left"|Penn State || align="center"|1 || align="center"| || 28 || 357 || 52 || 9 || 77 || 12.8 || 1.9 || 0.3 || 2.8 || align=center|
|-
|align="left"| || align="center"|F/C || align="left"|UNLV || align="center"|1 || align="center"| || 12 || 79 || 20 || 5 || 11 || 6.6 || 1.7 || 0.4 || 0.9 || align=center|
|-
|align="left"| || align="center"|F/C || align="left"|Blinn || align="center"|1 || align="center"| || 12 || 114 || 31 || 5 || 28 || 9.5 || 2.6 || 0.4 || 2.3 || align=center|
|
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/PCGM | PCGM may refer to:
Political correctness gone mad
Preconditioned conjugate gradient method
Pacific Coast Gravity Meeting |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mefenorex | Mefenorex (Rondimen, Pondinil, Anexate) is a stimulant drug which was used as an appetite suppressant. It is an amphetamine derivative which was developed in the 1970s and used for the treatment of obesity. Mefenorex produces amphetamine as a metabolite, and has been withdrawn in many countries despite having only mild stimulant effects and relatively little abuse potential.
References
Substituted amphetamines
Organochlorides
Norepinephrine-dopamine releasing agents
Prodrugs |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Amfetaminil | Amfetaminil (also known as amphetaminil, N-cyanobenzylamphetamine, and AN-1; brand name Aponeuron) is a stimulant drug derived from amphetamine, which was developed in the 1970s and used for the treatment of obesity, ADHD, and narcolepsy. It has largely been withdrawn from clinical use following problems with abuse. The drug is a prodrug to amphetamine.
Stereochemistry
Amfetaminil is a molecule with two stereogenic centers. Thus, four different stereoisomers exist:
(R)-2-[(R)-1-Phenylpropan-2-ylamino]-2-phenylacetonitrile (CAS number 478392-08-4)
(S)-2-[(S)-1-Phenylpropan-2-ylamino]-2-phenylacetonitrile (CAS number 478392-12-0)
(R)-2-[(S)-1-Phenylpropan-2-ylamino]-2-phenylacetonitrile (CAS number 478392-10-8)
(S)-2-[(R)-1-Phenylpropan-2-ylamino]-2-phenylacetonitrile (CAS number 478392-14-2)
Synthesis
Schiff base formation between amphetamine (1) and benzaldehyde (2) gives benzalamphetamine [2980-02-1] (3). Nucleophilic attack of cyanide anion on the imine (c.f. Strecker reaction) gives amfetaminil (3). Finally, reaction with nitrous acid gives (5). The rearrangement to a Sydnone then occurs to give CID:88166659 (6). Feprosidnine is sans the phenyl group.
References
Substituted amphetamines
Nitriles
Norepinephrine-dopamine releasing agents
Prodrugs
World Anti-Doping Agency prohibited substances |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Variance%20inflation%20factor | In statistics, the variance inflation factor (VIF) is the ratio (quotient) of the variance of estimating some parameter in a model that includes multiple other terms (parameters) by the variance of a model constructed using only one term. It quantifies the severity of multicollinearity in an ordinary least squares regression analysis. It provides an index that measures how much the variance (the square of the estimate's standard deviation) of an estimated regression coefficient is increased because of collinearity. Cuthbert Daniel claims to have invented the concept behind the variance inflation factor, but did not come up with the name.
Definition
Consider the following linear model with k independent variables:
Y = β0 + β1 X1 + β2 X 2 + ... + βk Xk + ε.
The standard error of the estimate of βj is the square root of the j + 1 diagonal element of s2(X′X)−1, where s is the root mean squared error (RMSE) (note that RMSE2 is a consistent estimator of the true variance of the error term, ); X is the regression design matrix — a matrix such that Xi, j+1 is the value of the jth independent variable for the ith case or observation, and such that Xi,1, the predictor vector associated with the intercept term, equals 1 for all i. It turns out that the square of this standard error, the estimated variance of the estimate of βj, can be equivalently expressed as:
where Rj2 is the multiple R2 for the regression of Xj on the other covariates (a regression that does not involve the resp |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Severna%20Park%20Mall | Severna Park Mall was an enclosed shopping mall located in Severna Park, Maryland, on Maryland Route 2 (Ritchie Hwy). Since the demolition of the entire structure in 2000, the site has been occupied by a strip mall known as Severna Park Marketplace featuring Giant Food, Kohl's, Office Depot, A.C. Moore, and several smaller stores.
History
Severna Park Mall opened as a small, local mall in 1975 with Grant City and Giant Food. The Grant City store was short-lived, with Woolco taking its place after one year; after Woolco's closure in 1982, this space was occupied by Caldor. Other stores included Pixie Pizza, Horn and Horn Smorgasbord, Buffy's Yummys, JJ's Records, Dan's Barbershop, Joanne Fabrics, Sidle's Jean Scene, Jason's Pianos, G Briggs, Greene's Jewelers, a Hallmark store, a hair salon, and the restaurant Kona Tiki.
However, as with most smaller regional malls, Severna Park Mall started to decline. Caldor closed in September 1989 after failing to reach a lease agreement with the mall's management, re-opened in October 1991, but closed for good when the entire chain liquidated in 1999. After being mainly an empty mall in the 1990s, Severna Park Mall was largely demolished; only the former Caldor building remained, with Kohl's moving into this building shortly afterward. The rest of the mall was replaced with a strip mall known as Severna Park Marketplace, which featured a new Giant supermarket, as well as several big box tenants.
References
Buildings and structures |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/James%20Campbell%20%28English%20footballer%29 | James Campbell was a professional footballer who made one appearance in the Football League as a goalkeeper while on trial with Huddersfield Town.
Career statistics
References
English men's footballers
Men's association football goalkeepers
English Football League players
Huddersfield Town A.F.C. players
Year of birth missing
Year of death missing
Footballers from Greater London |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Shell%20balance | In fluid mechanics, a shell balance can be used to determine how fluid velocity changes across a flow.
A shell is a differential element of the flow. By looking at the momentum and forces on one small portion, it is possible to integrate over the flow to see the larger picture of the flow as a whole. The balance is determining what goes into and out of the shell. Momentum is created within the shell through fluid entering and leaving the shell and by shear stress. In addition, there are pressure and gravitational forces on the shell. The goal of a shell balance is to determine the velocity profile of the flow. The velocity profile is an equation to calculate the velocity based on a specific location in the flow. From this, it is possible to find a velocity for any point across the flow.
Applications
Shell Balances can be used in many situations. For example, flow in a pipe, the flow of multiple fluids around each other, or flow due to pressure difference. Although terms in the shell balance and boundary conditions will change, the basic set up and process is the same.
Requirements for Shell Balance Calculations
The fluid must exhibit:
Laminar flow
No bends or curves
Steady state
Two boundary conditions
Boundary Conditions are used to find constants of integration.
Fluid - Solid Boundary: No-slip condition, the velocity of a liquid at a solid is equal to the velocity of the solid.
Liquid - Gas Boundary: Shear stress = 0.
Liquid - Liquid Boundary: Equal velocity and sh |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Least-squares%20spectral%20analysis | Least-squares spectral analysis (LSSA) is a method of estimating a frequency spectrum based on a least-squares fit of sinusoids to data samples, similar to Fourier analysis. Fourier analysis, the most used spectral method in science, generally boosts long-periodic noise in the long and gapped records; LSSA mitigates such problems. Unlike in Fourier analysis, data need not be equally spaced to use LSSA.
Developed in 1969 and 1971, LSSA is also known as the Vaníček method and the Gauss-Vaniček method after Petr Vaníček, and as the Lomb method or the Lomb–Scargle periodogram, based on the simplifications first by Nicholas R. Lomb and then by Jeffrey D. Scargle.
Historical background
The close connections between Fourier analysis, the periodogram, and the least-squares fitting of sinusoids have been known for a long time.
However, most developments are restricted to complete data sets of equally spaced samples. In 1963, Freek J. M. Barning of Mathematisch Centrum, Amsterdam, handled unequally spaced data by similar techniques, including both a periodogram analysis equivalent to what nowadays is called the Lomb method and least-squares fitting of selected frequencies of sinusoids determined from such periodograms — and connected by a procedure known today as the matching pursuit with post-back fitting or the orthogonal matching pursuit.
Petr Vaníček, a Canadian geophysicist and geodesist of the University of New Brunswick, proposed in 1969 also the matching-pursuit approach f |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Maurice%20Priestley | Maurice Bertram Priestley (15 March 1933 – 15 June 2013) was a professor of statistics in the School of Mathematics, University of Manchester, England. He gained his first degree at the University of Cambridge and went on to gain a Ph.D. from the University of Manchester.
He was known especially for his work on time series analysis, especially spectral analysis and wavelet analysis. He was a longstanding editor of the Journal of Time Series Analysis, a special edition of which was published in his honour in 1993.
Less well-known but equally important was his work with M.T.Chao on nonparametric function fitting.
Selected publications
References
External links
1933 births
2013 deaths
Academics of the University of Manchester
People educated at Manchester Grammar School
Alumni of the University of Manchester |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Avrieux | Avrieux is a commune in the Savoie department in the Auvergne-Rhône-Alpes region in south-eastern France.
Geography
Climate
Avrieux has a humid continental climate (Köppen climate classification Dfb). The average annual temperature in Avrieux is . The average annual rainfall is with November as the wettest month. The temperatures are highest on average in July, at around , and lowest in January, at around . The highest temperature ever recorded in Avrieux was on 19 July 2023; the coldest temperature ever recorded was on 9 January 1985.
Twin towns — sister cities
Avrieux is twinned with Piedicavallo, Italy (2009).
See also
Communes of the Savoie department
References
External links
Official site
Communes of Savoie |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hybrid-pi%20model | Hybrid-Pi is a popular circuit model used for analyzing the small signal behavior of bipolar junction and field effect transistors. Sometimes it is also called Giacoletto model because it was introduced by L.J. Giacoletto in 1969. The model can be quite accurate for low-frequency circuits and can easily be adapted for higher frequency circuits with the addition of appropriate inter-electrode capacitances and other parasitic elements.
BJT parameters
The hybrid-pi model is a linearized two-port network approximation to the BJT using the small-signal base-emitter voltage, , and collector-emitter voltage, , as independent variables, and the small-signal base current, , and collector current, , as dependent variables.
A basic, low-frequency hybrid-pi model for the bipolar transistor is shown in figure 1. The various parameters are as follows.
is the transconductance, evaluated in a simple model, where:
is the quiescent collector current (also called the collector bias or DC collector current)
is the thermal voltage, calculated from Boltzmann's constant, , the charge of an electron, , and the transistor temperature in kelvins, . At approximately room temperature (295K, 22°C or 71°F), is about 25 mV.
where:
is the DC (bias) base current.
is the current gain at low frequencies (generally quoted as hfe from the h-parameter model). This is a parameter specific to each transistor, and can be found on a datasheet.
is the output resistance due to the Early effect ( is the E |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/WJAD | WJAD (branded as "Rock 103") is a radio station serving Albany, Georgia and surrounding cities with a rock format. This station broadcasts on FM frequency 103.5 MHz and is under ownership of Rick Lambert and Bob Spencer, through licensee First Media Services, LLC. Its studios are on Broad Avenue just west of downtown Albany, and the transmitter is located northeast of Albany.
Programming includes, John Boy and Billy in the mornings, Nikki Miller in middays, Steve Thomas afternoons and Mud weeknights. Rock 103 is also the southwest Georgia home for Georgia Bulldogs football. The station airs Flashback with MTV's Mat Pinfield on Sundays.
On April 30, 2020, Cumulus Media sold its entire Albany cluster for First Media Services for $450,000. The sale was consummated on December 15, 2020.
References
External links
Rock 103 WJAD official website
JAD
Radio stations established in 1979
1979 establishments in Georgia (U.S. state) |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/WKAK | WKAK (branded as "Georgia 104.5") is a radio station serving Albany, Georgia and surrounding cities with a country music format. This station broadcasts on FM frequency 104.5 MHz and is under ownership of Rick Lambert and Bob Spencer, through licensee First Media Services, LLC. Its studios are on Broad Avenue just west of downtown Albany, and the transmitter is located east of Albany.
On April 30, 2020, Cumulus Media sold its entire Albany cluster for First Media Services for $450,000. The sale was consummated on December 15, 2020.
On April 7, 2021, WKAK rebranded as "Georgia 104.5".
Previous logo
References
External links
Country radio stations in the United States
KAK
Radio stations established in 1963
1963 establishments in Georgia (U.S. state) |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/WJST | WJST (branded as "Retro FM 102.1") is a radio station serving Albany, Georgia and surrounding cities. This station broadcasts on FM frequency 102.1 MHz and is under ownership of John Golobish, Jr., through licensee JetStream Media LLC.
History
From its official launch in March 1999 through most of 2006, WJST (then WNUQ) was on 101.7 MHz and was known as Q101. The entire time it was broadcasting as "Q101" it did so under a single program director, Jason "J.B." Savage. From 2006 to 2014, the station switched to a Top 40/CHR format and branded itself as "Q102" to coincide with moving to its new frequency at 102.1 MHz.
On August 15, 2014, at 3 PM, the then-WNUQ flipped to country, becoming one of the first "Nash Icon" affiliates as "102.1 Nash Icon".
On March 27, 2018, WNUQ and three other Cumulus stations (KJMO, WPCK, and WTOD) were placed into the Cumulus Reorganization Divestiture Trust for a future sale.
On October 17, 2019, Cumulus announced that WNUQ would be sold to Tripp Morgan's organization, Pretoria Fields Collective Media, for $90,000 from the divestiture trust.
On November 20, it was announced through The Albany Herald that the station would rebrand as "Q102 The Queen Bee" under new callsign WPFQ upon closure of the sale; new station manager Tara Dyer Stoyle reported that the plan was to relaunch the station on January 6, 2020, from new studios at Morgan's Pretoria Fields Brewery in downtown Albany.
On November 26, 2019, The Mainstay Trust closed on the sale fo |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Waring%27s%20prime%20number%20conjecture | In number theory, Waring's prime number conjecture is a conjecture related to Vinogradov's theorem, named after the English mathematician Edward Waring. It states that every odd number exceeding 3 is either a prime number or the sum of three prime numbers. It follows from the generalized Riemann hypothesis, and (trivially) from Goldbach's weak conjecture.
See also
Schnirelmann's constant
References
External links
Additive number theory
Conjectures about prime numbers
Conjectures that have been proved |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Human%20Genome%20Sequencing%20Center | The Baylor College of Medicine Human Genome Sequencing Center (BCM-HGSC) was established by Richard A. Gibbs in 1996 when Baylor College of Medicine was chosen as one of six worldwide sites to complete the final phase of the international Human Genome Project. Gibbs is the current director of the BCM-HGSC.
It occupies more than , employing over 180 staff, and is one of three National Institutes of Health funded genome centers that were involved in the completion of the first human genome sequence. The BCM-HGSC contributed approximately 10 percent of the total project by sequencing chromosomes 3, 12 and X. The BCM-HGSC collaborated with researchers at the U.S. Department of Energy's Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory and Celera Genomics to sequence the first species of fruit fly, Drosophila melanogaster. The BCM-HGSC also completed the second species of fruit fly (Drosophila pseudoobscura), the honeybee (Apis mellifera), and led an international consortium to sequence the brown Norway rat.
The BCM-HGSC subsequently sequenced and annotated the genome of the cow (Bos taurus), the sea urchin, rhesus macaque, tammar wallaby, Dictyostelium discoideum, and a number of bacteria that cause serious infections (Rickettsia typhi, Enterococcus faecium, Mannheimia haemolytica, and Fusobacterium nucleatum). The BCM-HGSC was a major contributor to the Mammalian Gene Collection program, to sequence all human cDNAs, as well as the International Haplotype Mapping Project (HapMap).
Other r |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/WIXT%20%28AM%29 | WIXT is an AM radio station broadcasting on a frequency of 1230 kHz and licensed to the city of Little Falls, New York. Owned by Galaxy Communications, the station airs a variety hits format under the branding Tony FM 99.1.
History of WIXT
WIXT signed on June 22, 1952, under the call letters WLFH (the call letters stood for Little Falls and nearby Herkimer, two of its primary communities). It was the first full-time radio station in Herkimer County. The 1230 frequency had previously been occupied by WIBX in nearby Utica from 1941 until it moved to the 950 frequency in 1947. Broadcasting from a studio on South Second Street (in a building which still houses its transmitter), WLFH was a typical full service station offering a variety of formats, including MOR and Top 40. By the end of the 1980s, WLFH was a country music station. In 1994, WLFH became part of Bug Country, simulcasting WBUG-FM in Fort Plain and WBUG (now WVTL) in Amsterdam. The stations mostly broadcast the Real Country satellite classic country format from ABC Radio, but retained some local production.
In 2000, WLFH was acquired by Clear Channel Communications (now iHeartMedia) and became part of a four-station simulcast known as the "Sports Stars Radio Network", along with WRNY in Rome, WADR (now WRCK) in Remsen and WUTQ (now WUSP) in Utica. The stations carried a variety of local and syndicated sports talk programming, along with live coverage of local sporting events. The Sports Stars network also carried an |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cauchy%E2%80%93Hadamard%20theorem | In mathematics, the Cauchy–Hadamard theorem is a result in complex analysis named after the French mathematicians Augustin Louis Cauchy and Jacques Hadamard, describing the radius of convergence of a power series. It was published in 1821 by Cauchy, but remained relatively unknown until Hadamard rediscovered it. Hadamard's first publication of this result was in 1888; he also included it as part of his 1892 Ph.D. thesis.
Theorem for one complex variable
Consider the formal power series in one complex variable z of the form
where
Then the radius of convergence of f at the point a is given by
where denotes the limit superior, the limit as approaches infinity of the supremum of the sequence values after the nth position. If the sequence values are unbounded so that the is ∞, then the power series does not converge near , while if the is 0 then the radius of convergence is ∞, meaning that the series converges on the entire plane.
Proof
Without loss of generality assume that . We will show first that the power series converges for , and then that it diverges for .
First suppose . Let not be or
For any , there exists only a finite number of such that .
Now for all but a finite number of , so the series converges if . This proves the first part.
Conversely, for , for infinitely many , so if , we see that the series cannot converge because its nth term does not tend to 0.
Theorem for several complex variables
Let be a multi-index (a n-tuple of integers) with , |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/FYN | Proto-oncogene tyrosine-protein kinase Fyn (p59-FYN, Slk, Syn, MGC45350, Gene ID 2534) is an enzyme that in humans is encoded by the FYN gene.
Fyn is a 59-kDa member of the Src family of kinases typically associated with T-cell and neuronal signaling in development and normal cell physiology. Disruptions in these signaling pathways often have implications in the formation of a variety of cancers. By definition as a proto-oncogene, Fyn codes for proteins that help regulate cell growth. Changes in its DNA sequence transform it into an oncogene that leads to the formation of a different protein with implications for normal cell regulation.
Fyn is a member of the protein-tyrosine kinase oncogene family. It encodes a membrane-associated tyrosine kinase that has been implicated in the control of cell growth. The protein associates with the p85 subunit of phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase and interacts with the fyn-binding protein. Alternatively spliced transcript variants encoding distinct isoforms exist.
History
Fyn is a member of the Src-family of kinases (SFK), the first proto-oncogene to be identified. The discovery of the Src-family in 1976 led to the Nobel prize for medicine in 1989 for J.M Bishop and E.M. Varmus. Fyn was first identified in 1986 as Syn or Slk through probes derived from v-yes and v-fgr. A common feature of SFKs is that they are commonly upregulated in cancers. Fyn is functionally distinct from its family members in that it interacts with FAK and paxillin (PX |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/MMP2 | 72 kDa type IV collagenase also known as matrix metalloproteinase-2 (MMP-2) and gelatinase A is an enzyme that in humans is encoded by the MMP2 gene. The MMP2 gene is located on chromosome 16 at position 12.2.
Function
Proteins of the matrix metalloproteinase (MMP) family are involved in the breakdown of extracellular matrix (ECM) in normal physiological processes, such as embryonic development, reproduction, and tissue remodeling, as well as in disease processes, such as arthritis and metastasis. Most MMP's are secreted as inactive proproteins which are activated when cleaved by extracellular proteinases. This gene encodes an enzyme which degrades type IV collagen, the major structural component of basement membranes. The enzyme plays a role in endometrial menstrual breakdown, regulation of vascularization and the inflammatory response.
Activation
Activation of MMP-2 requires proteolytic processing. A complex of membrane type 1 MMP (MT1-MMP/MMP14) and tissue inhibitor of metalloproteinase 2 recruits pro-MMP 2 from the extracellular milieu to the cell surface. Activation then requires an active molecule of MT1-MMP and auto catalytic cleavage. Clustering of integrin chains promotes activation of MMP-2. Another factor that will support the activation of MMP-2 is cell-cell clustering. A wild-type activated leukocyte cell adhesion molecule (ALCAM) is also required to activate MMP-2.
Clinical significance
Mutations in the MMP2 gene are associated with Torg-Winchester syndro |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hemoglobin%20subunit%20alpha | Hemoglobin subunit alpha, Hemoglobin, alpha 1, is a hemoglobin protein that in humans is encoded by the HBA1 gene.
Gene
The human alpha globin gene cluster located on chromosome 16 spans about 30 kb and includes seven loci: 5'- zeta - pseudozeta - mu - pseudoalpha-1 - alpha-2 - alpha-1 - theta - 3'. The alpha-2 (HBA2) and alpha-1 (HBA1; this gene) coding sequences are identical. These genes differ slightly over the 5' untranslated regions and the introns, but they differ significantly over the 3' untranslated regions.
Protein
Two alpha chains plus two beta chains constitute HbA, which in normal adult life comprises about 97% of the total hemoglobin; alpha chains combine with delta chains to constitute HbA-2, which with fetal hemoglobin (HbF) makes up the remaining 3% of adult hemoglobin.
Clinical significance
Alpha thalassemias result from deletions of each of the alpha genes as well as deletions of both HBA2 and HBA1; some nondeletion alpha thalassemias have also been reported.
Interactions
Hemoglobin subunit alpha has been shown to interact with hemoglobin subunit beta (HBB).
See also
Hemoglobin subunit beta
Human β-globin locus
References
Further reading
External links
GeneReviews/NCBI/NIH/UW entry on Alpha-Thalassemia
OMIM entries on Alpha-Thalassemia
Hemoglobins |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/SOD1 | Superoxide dismutase [Cu-Zn] also known as superoxide dismutase 1 or hSod1 is an enzyme that in humans is encoded by the SOD1 gene, located on chromosome 21. SOD1 is one of three human superoxide dismutases. It is implicated in apoptosis, familial amyotrophic lateral sclerosis and Parkinson's disease.
Structure
SOD1 is a 32 kDa homodimer which forms a beta barrel (β-barrel) and contains an intramolecular disulfide bond and a binuclear Cu/Zn site in each subunit. This Cu/Zn site holds the copper and a zinc ion and is responsible for catalyzing the disproportionation of superoxide to hydrogen peroxide and dioxygen. The maturation process of this protein is complex and not fully understood, involving the selective binding of copper and zinc ions, formation of the intra-subunit disulfide bond between Cys-57 and Cys-146, and dimerization of the two subunits. The copper chaperone for Sod1 (CCS) facilitates copper insertion and disulfide oxidation. Though SOD1 is synthesized in the cytosol and can mature there, the fraction of expressed, and still immature, SOD1 targeted to the mitochondria must be inserted into the intermembrane space. There, it forms the disulfide bond, though not metalation, required for its maturation. The mature protein is highly stable, but unstable when in its metal-free and disulfide-reduced forms. This manifests in vitro, as the loss of metal ions results in increased SOD1 aggregation, and in disease models, where low metalation is observed for insoluble |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Presenilin-1 | Presenilin-1 (PS-1) is a presenilin protein that in humans is encoded by the PSEN1 gene. Presenilin-1 is one of the four core proteins in the gamma secretase complex, which is considered to play an important role in generation of amyloid beta (Aβ) from amyloid-beta precursor protein (APP). Accumulation of amyloid beta is associated with the onset of Alzheimer's disease.
Structure
Presenilin possesses a 9 transmembrane domain topology, with an extracellular C-terminus and a cytosolic N-terminus. Presenilin undergoes endo-proteolytic processing to produce ~27-28 kDa N-terminal and ~16-17 kDa C-terminal fragments in humans. Furthermore, presenilin exists in the cell mainly as a heterodimer of the C-terminal and N-terminus fragments. When presenilin 1 is overexpressed, the full length protein accumulates in an inactive form. Based on evidence that a gamma-secretase inhibitor binds to the fragments, the cleaved presenilin complex is considered to be the active form.
Function
Presenilins are postulated to regulate APP processing through their effects on gamma secretase, an enzyme that cleaves APP. Also, it is thought that the presenilins are involved in the cleavage of the Notch receptor, such that they either directly regulate gamma secretase activity or themselves are protease enzymes. Multiple alternatively spliced transcript variants have been identified for this gene, the full-length natures of only some have been determined.
Notch signaling pathway
In Notch signaling |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Endothelial%20NOS | Endothelial NOS (eNOS), also known as nitric oxide synthase 3 (NOS3) or constitutive NOS (cNOS), is an enzyme that in humans is encoded by the NOS3 gene located in the 7q35-7q36 region of chromosome 7. This enzyme is one of three isoforms that synthesize nitric oxide (NO), a small gaseous and lipophilic molecule that participates in several biological processes. The other isoforms include neuronal nitric oxide synthase (nNOS), which is constitutively expressed in specific neurons of the brain and inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS), whose expression is typically induced in inflammatory diseases.
eNOS is primarily responsible for the generation of NO in the vascular endothelium, a monolayer of flat cells lining the interior surface of blood vessels, at the interface between circulating blood in the lumen and the remainder of the vessel wall. NO produced by eNOS in the vascular endothelium plays crucial roles in regulating vascular tone, cellular proliferation, leukocyte adhesion, and platelet aggregation. Therefore, a functional eNOS is essential for a healthy cardiovascular system.
Structure and catalytic activities
eNOS is a dimer containing two identical monomers of 140 kD constituted by a reductase domain, which displays binding sites for nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate (NADPH), flavin mononucleotide (FMN), and flavin adenine dinucleotide (FAD), and an oxidase domain, which displays binding sites for heme group, zinc, the cofactor tetrahydrobiopterin ( |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/MAPK3 | Mitogen-activated protein kinase 3, also known as p44MAPK and ERK1, is an enzyme that in humans is encoded by the MAPK3 gene.
Function
The protein encoded by this gene is a member of the mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAP kinase) family. MAP kinases, also known as extracellular signal-regulated kinases (ERKs), act in a signaling cascade that regulates various cellular processes such as proliferation, differentiation, and cell cycle progression in response to a variety of extracellular signals. This kinase is activated by upstream kinases, resulting in its translocation to the nucleus where it phosphorylates nuclear targets. Alternatively spliced transcript variants encoding different protein isoforms have been described.
Clinical significance
It has been suggested that MAPK3, along with the gene IRAK1, is turned off by two microRNAs that were activated after the influenza A virus had been made to infect human lung cells.
Signaling pathways
Pharmacological inhibition of ERK1/2 restores GSK3β activity and protein synthesis levels in a model of tuberous sclerosis.
Interactions
MAPK3 has been shown to interact with:
DUSP3,
DUSP6
GTF2I,
HDAC4,
MAP2K1,
MAP2K2,
PTPN7,
RPS6KA2, and
SPIB.
References
Further reading
External links
MAP Kinase Resource .
EC 2.7.11 |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Injection%20locking | Injection locking and injection pulling are the frequency effects that can occur when a harmonic oscillator is disturbed by a second oscillator operating at a nearby frequency. When the coupling is strong enough and the frequencies near enough, the second oscillator can capture the first oscillator, causing it to have essentially identical frequency as the second. This is injection locking. When the second oscillator merely disturbs the first but does not capture it, the effect is called injection pulling. Injection locking and pulling effects are observed in numerous types of physical systems, however the terms are most often associated with electronic oscillators or laser resonators.
Injection locking has been used in beneficial and clever ways in the design of early television sets and oscilloscopes, allowing the equipment to be synchronized to external signals at a relatively low cost. Injection locking has also been used in high performance frequency doubling circuits. However, injection locking and pulling, when unintended, can degrade the performance of phase-locked loops and RF integrated circuits.
Injection from grandfather clocks to lasers
Injection pulling and injection locking can be observed in numerous physical systems where pairs of oscillators are coupled together. Perhaps the first to document these effects was Christiaan Huygens, the inventor of the pendulum clock, who was surprised to note that two pendulum clocks which normally would keep slightly |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Churchill%E2%80%93Bernstein%20equation | In convective heat transfer, the Churchill–Bernstein equation is used to estimate the surface averaged Nusselt number for a cylinder in cross flow at various velocities. The need for the equation arises from the inability to solve the Navier–Stokes equations in the turbulent flow regime, even for a Newtonian fluid. When the concentration and temperature profiles are independent of one another, the mass-heat transfer analogy can be employed. In the mass-heat transfer analogy, heat transfer dimensionless quantities are replaced with analogous mass transfer dimensionless quantities.
This equation is named after Stuart W. Churchill and M. Bernstein, who introduced it in 1977. This equation is also called the Churchill–Bernstein correlation.
Heat transfer definition
where:
is the surface averaged Nusselt number with characteristic length of diameter;
is the Reynolds number with the cylinder diameter as its characteristic length;
is the Prandtl number.
The Churchill–Bernstein equation is valid for a wide range of Reynolds numbers and Prandtl numbers, as long as the product of the two is greater than or equal to 0.2, as defined above. The Churchill–Bernstein equation can be used for any object of cylindrical geometry in which boundary layers develop freely, without constraints imposed by other surfaces. Properties of the external free stream fluid are to be evaluated at the film temperature in order to account for the variation of the fluid properties at different tempera |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/MULTICOM | In U.S. and Canadian aviation, MULTICOM is a frequency allocation used as a Common Traffic Advisory Frequency (CTAF) by aircraft near airports where no air traffic control is available. Frequency allocations vary from region to region.
Despite the use of uppercase letters, MULTICOM is not an abbreviation or acronym.
In the United States, there is one MULTICOM frequency: 122.9 MHz. (See AIM table 4-1-2 or AIM table 4-1-1) At uncontrolled airports without a UNICOM, pilots are to self-announce on the MULTICOM frequency.
In Australia, there is one MULTICOM frequency: 126.7 MHz.
In Brazil, there is one MULTICOM frequency: 123.45 MHz.
See also
UNICOM
CTAF
Airbands
Aviation communications
Avionics
Air traffic control |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Schr%C3%B6dinger%20field | In quantum mechanics and quantum field theory, a Schrödinger field, named after Erwin Schrödinger, is a quantum field which obeys the Schrödinger equation. While any situation described by a Schrödinger field can also be described by a many-body Schrödinger equation for identical particles, the field theory is more suitable for situations where the particle number changes.
A Schrödinger field is also the classical limit of a quantum Schrödinger field, a classical wave which satisfies the Schrödinger equation. Unlike the quantum mechanical wavefunction, if there are interactions between the particles the equation will be nonlinear. These nonlinear equations describe the classical wave limit of a system of interacting identical particles.
The path integral of a Schrödinger field is also known as a coherent state path integral, because the field itself is an annihilation operator whose eigenstates can be thought of as coherent states of the harmonic oscillations of the field modes.
Schrödinger fields are useful for describing Bose–Einstein condensation, the Bogolyubov–de Gennes equation of superconductivity, superfluidity, and many-body theory in general. They are also a useful alternative formalism for nonrelativistic quantum mechanics.
A Schrödinger field is the nonrelativistic limit of a Klein–Gordon field.
Summary
A Schrödinger field is a quantum field whose quanta obey the Schrödinger equation. In the classical limit, it can be understood as the quantized wave equatio |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nikola%20Ota%C5%A1evi%C4%87 | Nikola Otašević (; born January 25, 1982) is a former Serbian professional basketball player.
Career
On June 30, 2019, Otašević announced his retirement from playing career.
Career statistics
Eurocup
|-
| style="text-align:left;"| 2006-07
| style="text-align:left;"| Scandone Avellino
| 6 || 1 || 13.0 || .615 || .600 || .778 || 1.0 || 2.3 || 1.7 || 0.0 || 4.3 || 6.8
|-
| style="text-align:left;"| 2007–08
| style="text-align:left;"| Budućnost Podgorica
| 13 || 2 || 20.4 || .368 || .250 || .806 || 1.3 || 3.7 || 1.9 || 0.0 || 6.0 || 5.7
|-
| style="text-align:left;"| 2008-09
| style="text-align:left;"| Budućnost Podgorica
| 5 || 0 || 19.0 || .429 || .600 || .583 || 2.8 || 1.4 || 0.8 || 0.0 || 4.4 || 3.8
|-
| style="text-align:left;"| 2011–12
| style="text-align:left;"| Budućnost Podgorica
| 6 || 0 || 16.2 || .389 || .333 || .1000 || 1.7 || 2.3 || 1.3 || 0.0 || 3.0 || 2.7
|-
| style="text-align:left;"| 2013–14
| style="text-align:left;"| MZT Skopje
| 7 || 7 || 22.0 || .452 || .200 || .1000 || 2.0 || 3.1 || 0.9 || 0.0 || 4.6 || 3.1
|- class="sortbottom"
| style="text-align:left;"| Career
| style="text-align:left;"|
| 37 || 10 || 18.0 || .421 || .326 || .768 || 1.6 || 2.8 || 1.4 || 0.0 || 4.7 || 4.4
References
External links
Nikola Otašević at aba-liga.com
Nikola Otašević at euroleague.net
1982 births
Living people
ABA League players
Basketball League of Serbia players
KK Beopetrol/Atlas Beograd players
KK Budućnost players
KK Ergonom players
KK Hemofarm players
KK Metalac |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pseudo-modal%20energies | Pseudo-modal energies are used for estimating the energy content of a mechanical system near its resonance frequencies. They are defined as the integral of the frequency response function within a certain bandwidth around a resonance.
References
Oscillation
Mechanics |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List%20of%20reggae%20festivals | This is a list of notable reggae festivals by country.
This list may have some overlap with list of jam band music festivals. Reggae festivals may include classic reggae and related or derivative genres such as ska, dancehall, dub, hip hop, ragga, reggae fusion, and drum and bass.
Reggae originated in Jamaica in the late 1960s, influenced by Rastafarian culture, Jamaican dance music, traditional mento and calypso music, as well as American jazz and rhythm and blues, and evolved out of the earlier genres ska and rocksteady. By the 1970s, large festivals in Jamaica were being held featuring notable reggae bands, and the Wonder Dream Concert in 1975 in Jamaica was one of the first internationally noted festivals to focus on reggae. In 1979, Reggae Geel became the first reggae festival in Europe, and these concerts soon spread to other locales, becoming popular in regions such as Northern California. With the introduction of the electronic reggae genre ragga in the 1980s, reggae began to be featured at electronic music festivals as well.
Festivals by region
Africa
Gambia West Africa
Gambia Cultural Reggae Festival The Hamlet, Gunjur, Medina Salam
South Africa
Reggae Ark Festival, Mamelodi, Pretoria
Mauritius
Festival Reggae Donn Sa
Nigerian
Roaring thunder concert
Kenya
Shashamane International
Sepetuka
Reggae In the Sun
Royal Reggae Fest
Mozambique
Maputo Reggae Slam
Uganda
Reggae on the Nile
North America
Antigua
Reggae in the Park, Nelson's Dockyard, English Harb |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2007%20Vallelunga%20Superbike%20World%20Championship%20round |
Superbike race 1 classification
Superbike race 2 classification
Vallelunga Round
Vallelunga |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Beta-globin%20co-transcriptional%20cleavage%20ribozyme | The Beta-globin co-transcriptional cleavage ribozyme (CotC ribozyme) was proposed to be an RNA enzyme known as a ribozyme.
Transcription termination of RNA polymerase II transcripts is proposed to occur by a two-stage process. The first stage involves pre-termination cleavage (PTC) of the nascent transcript downstream of the poly(A) site. This process is also referred to as co-transcriptional cleavage (CoTC). The CoTC process in the human beta-globin gene was proposed to involve an RNA self-cleaving activity located in the 3' flanking region of the beta-globin gene. The CoTC core is highly conserved in the 3' UTR of other primate beta-globin genes.
However, there has been no independent confirmation of these findings, and a subsequent analysis by a team including members of the original report failed to demonstrate ribozyme activity.
References
External links
Non-coding RNA
Ribozymes
RNA splicing |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2007%E2%80%9308%20Bulgarian%20Cup | The 2007–08 Bulgarian Cup was the 26th official edition of the Bulgarian annual football tournament. The final match between PFC Litex Lovech and PFC Cherno More Varna was held on 14 May 2008 at Vasil Levski National Stadium in Sofia. Litex won their third Bulgarian Cup in their history after winning the match 1-0 thanks to a second-half goal from Stanislav Manolev.
First round
In this round entered winners from the preliminary rounds together with the teams from B Group.
|-
!colspan=3 style="background-color:#D0F0C0;" |12 October 2007
|-
!colspan=3 style="background-color:#D0F0C0;" |13 October 2007
|}
Second round
This round featured winners from the First Round and all teams from A Group.
|-
!colspan=3 style="background-color:#D0F0C0;" |31 October 2007
|}
Third round
|-
!colspan=3 style="background-color:#D0F0C0;" |5 December 2007
|-
!colspan=3 style="background-color:#D0F0C0;" |12 December 2007
|}
Quarter-finals
|-
!colspan=5 style="background-color:#D0F0C0;" |12 March 2008
|}
Semi-finals
|-
!colspan=5 style="background-color:#D0F0C0;" |16 April 2008
|}
Final
Details
See also
2007–08 A Group
2007–08 B Group
References
Bulgarian Cup seasons
2007–08 domestic association football cups
Cup |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gurken%20localisation%20signal | mRNA localization is a common mode of posttranscriptional regulation of gene expression that targets a protein to its site of function.
Proteins are highly dependent on cellular environments for stability and function, therefore, mRNA localization signals are crucial for maintaining protein function. The Gurken localisation signal is an RNA regulatory element conserved across many species of Drosophila. The element consists of an RNA stem loop within the coding region of the messenger RNA that forms a signal for dynein-mediated Gurken mRNA transport to the dorsoanterior cap near the nucleus of the oocyte.
Mechanism of action
During Drosophila oogenesis, signaling between the germline and the soma leads to the establishment of anterior-posterior polarity in the egg and the embryo. This process involves the interaction of gurken (grk), a TGFα-like protein, with torpedo (top), the Drosophila epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR). Localization of gurken RNA defines cell morphology by regulating the distribution of the gurken protein. Gurken mRNA transcripts which are not localized to the dorsal-anterior of an oocyte become silenced via post-translational modifications. Post-translational modifications of gurken protein have been observed to determine the protein's localization and function. Polyadenylation of gurken transcripts occur throughout oogenesis; the length of the poly(A) tail determines the stage in oogenesis at which the gurken protein is adenylated. 30-50 gurke |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hepatitis%20C%20alternative%20reading%20frame%20stem-loop | Hepatitis C alternative reading frame stem-loop is a conserved secondary structure motif identified in the RNA genome of the Hepatitis C virus (HCV) which is proposed to have an important role in regulating translation and repression of the viral genome.
The core protein-coding region of the Hepatitis C virus (HCV) genome contains a +1 alternative reading frame
(ARF) and two proposed phylogenetically conserved RNA helix-forming stem loop structures (IV and VII).
The proteins translated from the ARF appear to be translated during the normal viral life cycle but are not essential to virus replication. The two predicted stem loops shown here (SLV and SLVI) are proposed to be important for HCV translation and repression; these stem loops are located downstream of the Internal ribosome entry site (IRES) but their functional role is unknown.
See also
Hepatitis E virus cis-reactive element
References
External links
Cis-regulatory RNA elements
Hepatitis C virus |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Listeria%20Hfq%20binding%20LhrA | Listeria Hfq binding LhrA is a ncRNA that was identified by screening for RNA molecules which co-immunoprecipitated with the RNA chaperone Hfq. This RNA is transcribed from a region overlapping with a predicted protein of unknown function (Lmo2257) and is located between a putative intracellular protease and a putative protein of the ribulose-phosphate 3 epimerase family. It is highly expressed in the stationary growth phase but the function is unknown. It is proposed to be a regulatory RNA which controls gene expression at the post transcriptional level by binding the target mRNA in an Hfq dependent fashion. This RNA molecule appears to be conserved amongst Listeria species but has not been identified in other bacterial species.
See also
Listeria Hfq binding LhrC
References
External links
Non-coding RNA |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Listeria%20Hfq%20binding%20LhrC | Listeria LhrC ncRNA was identified by screening for RNA molecules which co-immunoprecipitated with the RNA chaperone Hfq. However, neither the stability nor the activity of LhrC seem to depend on the presence of Hfq. This RNA is transcribed from an intergenic region between the protein coding genes cysK, a putative cysteine synthase and sul, a putative dihydropteroate synthase. In Listeria monocytogenes four additional copies of lhrC have been identified in the genome, three of which are located in tandem repeat upstream of the originally characterised lhrC. This RNA molecule appears to be conserved amongst Listeria species but has not been identified in other bacterial species. It is involved in virulence. The direct mRNA targets of LhrC are the virulence adhesion LapB, and the oligo-peptide binding protein OppA. The 3 conserved UCCC motifs common to all copies of LhrC are involved in the mRNA binding and post-transcriptional repression of the target genes. Two other Listerina monocytogenes sRNAs Rli22 and Rli33 contain 2 UCCC motifs and use them to repress oppA mRNA expression.
See also
Listeria Hfq binding LhrA
References
External links
Non-coding RNA |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mammalian%20CPEB3%20ribozyme | The mammalian CPEB3 ribozyme is a self cleaving non-coding RNA located in the second intron of the CPEB3 gene which belongs to a family of genes regulating messenger RNA polyadenylation. This ribozyme is highly conserved and
found only in mammals. The CPEB3 ribozyme is structurally and biochemically related to the human hepatitis delta virus ribozyme. Other HDV-like ribozymes have been identified and confirmed to be active in vitro in a number of eukaryotes.
References
External links
Non-coding RNA
Ribozymes
RNA splicing |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pseudomonas%20sRNA%20P1 | Pseudomonas sRNA P1 is a ncRNA that was predicted using bioinformatic tools in the genome of the opportunistic pathogen Pseudomonas aeruginosa and its expression verified by northern blot analysis.
There appears to be two related copies of P1 sRNA in the P. aeruginosa PA01 genome and both copies appear to be located upstream of predicted glutamine synthetase genes. This sRNA appears to be conserved amongst several Pseudomonas species. P1 has a predicted Rho independent terminator at the 3′ end but the function of P1 is unknown.
See also
Pseudomonas sRNA P9
Pseudomonas sRNA P11
Pseudomonas sRNA P15
Pseudomonas sRNA P16
Pseudomonas sRNA P24
Pseudomonas sRNA P26
References
External links
Non-coding RNA |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pseudomonas%20sRNA%20P11 | Pseudomonas sRNA P11 is a ncRNA that was predicted using bioinformatic tools in the genome of the opportunistic pathogen Pseudomonas aeruginosa and its expression verified by northern blot analysis. P11 is located between a putative threonine protein kinase and putative nitrate reductase and is conserved in several Pseudomonas species. P11 has a predicted Rho independent terminator at the 3′ end but the function of P11 is unknown.
See also
Pseudomonas sRNA P1
Pseudomonas sRNA P9
Pseudomonas sRNA P15
Pseudomonas sRNA P16
Pseudomonas sRNA P24
Pseudomonas sRNA P26
References
External links
Non-coding RNA |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pseudomonas%20sRNA%20P15 | Pseudomonas sRNA P15 is a ncRNA that was predicted using bioinformatic tools in the genome of the opportunistic pathogen Pseudomonas aeruginosa and its expression verified by northern blot analysis.
P15 is conserved across several Pseudomonas species and is consistently located upstream of a 3-deoxy-7-phosphoheptulonate synthase gene. P15 has a predicted Rho independent terminator at the 3′ end but the function of P15 is unknown.
See also
Pseudomonas sRNA P1
Pseudomonas sRNA P9
Pseudomonas sRNA P11
Pseudomonas sRNA P16
Pseudomonas sRNA P24
Pseudomonas sRNA P26
References
External links
Non-coding RNA |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pseudomonas%20sRNA%20P16 | Pseudomonas sRNA P16 is a ncRNA that was predicted using bioinformatic tools in the genome of the opportunistic pathogen Pseudomonas aeruginosa and its expression verified by northern blot analysis. P16 sRNA appears to be conserved across several Pseudomonas species and is consistently located downstream of a predicted TatD deoxyribonuclease gene. P16 has a predicted Rho independent terminator at the 3′ end but the function of P16 is unknown.
It has been shown that this sRNA is transcribed from an RpoS-dependent promoter under positive, probably indirect GacA control in two Pseudomonas species. It was renamed RgsA (for regulation by GacA and stress). RpoS mRNA expression is repressed by RgsA during the exponential phase. The Hfq RNA chaperone is required for the repression.
See also
Pseudomonas sRNA P1
Pseudomonas sRNA P9
Pseudomonas sRNA P11
Pseudomonas sRNA P15
Pseudomonas sRNA P24
Pseudomonas sRNA P26
References
External links
Non-coding RNA |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pseudomonas%20sRNA%20P24 | Pseudomonas sRNA P24 is a ncRNA that was predicted using bioinformatic tools in the genome of the opportunistic pathogen Pseudomonas aeruginosa and its expression verified by northern blot analysis.
P24 is conserved across several Pseudomonas species and is consistently located between a hypothetical protein gene and a transcriptional regulator gene (AsnC family) in the genomes of these Pseudomonas species. P24 has a predicted Rho independent terminatorat the 3′ end but the function of P24 is unknown.
See also
Pseudomonas sRNA P9
Pseudomonas sRNA P11
Pseudomonas sRNA P15
Pseudomonas sRNA P16
Pseudomonas sRNA P26
References
External links
Non-coding RNA |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pseudomonas%20sRNA%20P26 | Pseudomonas sRNA P26 is a ncRNA that was predicted using bioinformatic tools in the genome of the opportunistic pathogen Pseudomonas aeruginosa and its expression verified by northern blot analysis. P26 is conserved across many Gammaproteobacteria species and appears to be consistently located between the DNA directed RNA polymerase (beta subunit) and 50S ribosomal protein L7/L12 genes.
See also
Pseudomonas sRNA P9
Pseudomonas sRNA P11
Pseudomonas sRNA P15
Pseudomonas sRNA P16
Pseudomonas sRNA P24
Pseudomonas sRNA P1
References
External links
Non-coding RNA |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pseudomonas%20sRNA%20P9 | Pseudomonas sRNA P9 is a ncRNA that was predicted using bioinformatic tools in the genome of the opportunistic pathogen Pseudomonas aeruginosa and its expression verified by northern blot analysis.
P9 appears to be conserved in several Pseudomonas species in addition to Bordetella species. In both Pseudomonas and Bordetella species P9 appears to be located upstream of a predicted threonine dehydratase gene. P9 has a predicted Rho independent terminator at the 3′ end but the function of P9 is unknown.
See also
Pseudomonas sRNA P1
Pseudomonas sRNA P11
Pseudomonas sRNA P15
Pseudomonas sRNA P16
Pseudomonas sRNA P24
Pseudomonas sRNA P26
References
External links
Non-coding RNA |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Small%20Cajal%20body%20specific%20RNA%2020 | In molecular biology, Small Cajal body specific RNA 20 (also known as scaRNA20 or ACA66) is a small nucleolar RNA found in Cajal bodies and believed to be involved in the pseudouridylation of U12 minor spliceosomal RNA.
scaRNAs are a specific class of small nucleolar RNAs that localise to the Cajal bodies and guide the modification of RNA polymerase II transcribed spliceosomal RNAs U1, U2, U4, U5 and U12.
ACA66 (SCARNA20) is a member of the H/ACA box class of snoRNAs that guide the sites of modification of uridines to pseudouridines. This snoRNA was identified by computational screening and its expression in mouse experimentally verified by Northern blot and primer extension analysis.
ACA66 is predicted to guide the pseudouridylation of residue U28 in U12 snRNA.
References
External links
Non-coding RNA
Spliceosome
RNA splicing |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Small%20Cajal%20body%20specific%20RNA%2021 | In molecular biology, Small Cajal body specific RNA 21 (also known as scaRNA21 or ACA68) is a small nucleolar RNA found in Cajal bodies and believed to be involved in the pseudouridylation of U12 minor spliceosomal RNA.
scaRNAs are a specific class of small nucleolar RNAs that localise to the Cajal bodies and guide the modification of RNA polymerase II transcribed spliceosomal RNAs U1, U2, U4, U5 and U12.
ACA68 (SCARNA21) is a member of the H/ACA box class of snoRNAs that guide the sites of modification of uridines to pseudouridines. This snoRNA was identified by computational screening and its expression in mouse experimentally verified by Northern blot and primer extension analysis.
ACA68 is proposed to guide the pseudouridylation of residue U19 in U12 snRNA.
References
External links
Non-coding RNA
Small nuclear RNA
Spliceosome
RNA splicing |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Small%20nucleolar%20RNA%20SNORD100 | In molecular biology, Small Nucleolar RNA SNORD100 (also known as HBII-429) is a non-coding RNA (ncRNA) molecule which functions in the biogenesis (modification) of other small nuclear RNAs (snRNAs). This type of modifying RNA is located in the nucleolus of the eukaryotic cell which is a major site of snRNA biogenesis. It is known as a small nucleolar RNA (snoRNA) and also often referred to as a guide RNA.
SNORD100 belongs to the C/D box class of snoRNAs which contain the C (UGAUGA) and D (CUGA) box motifs. Most of the members of the C/D box family function in directing site-specific 2'-O-methylation of substrate RNAs.
SNORD100 is predicted to guide the 2'O-ribose methylation of 18S ribosomal RNA (rRNA) at residue G436.
References
External links
Non-coding RNA |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Small%20nucleolar%20RNA%20SNORD110 | In molecular biology, Small Nucleolar RNA SNORD110 (also known as HBII-55) is a non-coding RNA (ncRNA) molecule which functions in the biogenesis (modification) of other small nuclear RNAs (snRNAs). This type of modifying RNA is located in the nucleolus of the eukaryotic cell which is a major site of snRNA biogenesis. It is known as a small nucleolar RNA (snoRNA) and also often referred to as a guide RNA.
HBII-55 belongs to the C/D box class of snoRNAs which contain the C (UGAUGA) and D (CUGA) box motifs. Most of the members of the box C/D family function in directing site-specific 2′-O-methylation of substrate RNAs. HBII-55 is predicted to guide the 2′O-ribose methylation of 18S ribosomal RNA (rRNA) at residue U1288.
References
External links
Non-coding RNA |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Small%20nucleolar%20RNA%20SNORD111 | In molecular biology, Small Nucleolar RNA SNORD111 (also known as HBII-82) is a non-coding RNA (ncRNA) molecule which functions in the biogenesis (modification) of other small nuclear RNAs (snRNAs). This type of modifying RNA is located in the nucleolus of the eukaryotic cell which is a major site of snRNA biogenesis. It is known as a small nucleolar RNA (snoRNA) and also often referred to as a guide RNA.
SNORD111 belongs to the C/D box class of snoRNAs which contain the C (UGAUGA) and D (CUGA) box motifs. Most of the members of the box C/D family function in directing site-specific 2′-O-methylation of substrate RNAs.
SNORD111 is predicted to guide the 2′O-ribose methylation of 28S ribosomal RNA (rRNA) at residue G3923.
The exact role of these molecules, however, is not currently known.
References
External links
Non-coding RNA |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Small%20nucleolar%20RNA%20SNORD93 | In molecular biology, Small Nucleolar RNA SNORD93 (also known as HBII-336) is a non-coding RNA (ncRNA) molecule that functions in the biogenesis (modification) of other small nuclear RNAs (snRNAs). This type of modifying RNA is located in the nucleolus of the Eukaryotic cell which is a major site of snRNA biogenesis. It is known as a small nucleolar RNA (snoRNA) and is also often referred to as a guide RNA.
SNORD93 belongs to the C/D box class of snoRNAs which contain the C (UGAUGA) and D (CUGA) box motifs. Most of the members of the box C/D family function in directing site-specific 2'-O-methylation of substrate RNAs. This snoRNA is the human orthologue of mouse snoRNA MBII-336.
SNORD93 is predicted to guide the 2'O-ribose methylation of 18S ribosomal RNA (rRNA) residue A576.
Additionally, SNORD93 can be processed into a smaller, microRNA-like fragment (termed snoRNA-derived RNA(sdRNA)) that contributes to the malignant phenotype of breast cancer.
The processed piece (sdRNA-93) has been shown to target Pipox, a sarcosine metabolism-related protein whose expression significantly correlates with distinct molecular subtypes of breast cancer.
References
External links
Non-coding RNA |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Small%20nucleolar%20RNA%20SNORD94 | In molecular biology, Small Nucleolar RNA SNORD94 (also known as U94) is a non-coding RNA (ncRNA) molecule which functions in the biogenesis (modification) of other small nuclear RNAs (snRNAs). This type of modifying RNA is located in the nucleolus of the eukaryotic cell which is a major site of snRNA biogenesis. It is known as a small nucleolar RNA (snoRNA) and also often referred to as a guide RNA.
SNOR94 is a member of the C/D box class of snoRNAs which contain the conserved sequence motifs known as the C box (UGAUGA) and the D box (CUGA). Most of the members of the box C/D family function in directing site-specific 2'-O-methylation of substrate RNAs. SNORD94 is predicted to guide the 2'O-ribose methylation of C62 of the snRNA U6.
References
External links
Non-coding RNA |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Small%20nucleolar%20RNA%20SNORD98 | In molecular biology, Small Nucleolar RNA SNORD98 (also known as HBII-419) is a non-coding RNA (ncRNA) molecule which functions in the biogenesis (modification) of other small nuclear RNAs (snRNAs). This type of modifying RNA is located in the nucleolus of the eukaryotic cell which is a major site of snRNA biogenesis. It is known as a small nucleolar RNA (snoRNA) and also often referred to as a guide RNA.
SNORD98 belongs to the C/D box class of snoRNAs which contain the C (UGAUGA) and D (CUGA) box motifs. Most of the members of the box C/D family function in directing site-specific 2′-O-methylation of substrate RNAs.
SNORD98 is predicted to guide the 2'0-ribose methylation of 18S ribosomal RNA (rRNA) residue G867.
References
External links
Non-coding RNA |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Small%20nucleolar%20RNA%20SNORD99 | In molecular biology, Small Nucleolar RNA SNORD99 (also known as HBII-420) is a non-coding RNA (ncRNA) molecule which functions in the biogenesis (modification) of other small nuclear RNAs (snRNAs). This type of modifying RNA is located in the nucleolus of the eukaryotic cell which is a major site of snRNA biogenesis. It is known as a small nucleolar RNA (snoRNA) and also often referred to as a guide RNA.
SNORD99 belongs to the C/D box class of snoRNAs which contain the C (UGAUGA) and D (CUGA) box motifs. Most of the members of the box C/D family function in directing site-specific 2'-O-methylation of substrate RNAs. SNORD99 is predicted to guide the 2'O-ribose methylation of 28S ribosomal RNA at residue A2774. In the human genome this snoRNA shares the same host gene with the three H/ACA box snoRNAs ACA16, ACA44 and ACA61.
References
External links
Non-coding RNA |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Small%20nucleolar%20RNA%20SNORA11 | In molecular biology, small nucleolar RNA SNORA11 (also known as U107) is a non-coding RNA (ncRNA) molecule which functions in the biogenesis (modification) of other small nuclear RNAs (snRNAs). This type of modifying RNA is located in the nucleolus of the eukaryotic cell which is a major site of snRNA biogenesis. It is known as a small nucleolar RNA (snoRNA).
U107 has a predicted hairpin-hinge-hairpin-tail structure and is predicted to be a member of the H/ACA box class of snoRNAs that guide the sites of modification of uridines to pseudouridines.
This snoRNA was identified by RT-PCR from blood cells and its expression confirmed by Northern blot analysis.
There is no predicted RNA target for this guide snRNA.
References
External links
HGNC page for Small nucleolar RNA SNORA11
Non-coding RNA |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Small%20nucleolar%20RNA%20SNORA77 | In molecular biology, Small nucleolar RNA SNORA77 (also known as ACA63) is a non-coding RNA (ncRNA) molecule which functions in the biogenesis (modification) of other small nuclear RNAs (snRNAs). This type of modifying RNA is located in the nucleolus of the eukaryotic cell which is a major site of snRNA biogenesis. It is known as a small nucleolar RNA (snoRNA).
SNORA77 was identified by computational screening and its expression in mouse experimentally verified by Northern blot and primer extension analysis.
It belongs to the H/ACA box class of snoRNAs as it has the predicted hairpin-hinge-hairpin-tail structure and conserved H/ACA-box motifs.
SNORA77 is proposed to guide the pseudouridylation of 18S ribosomal RNA (rRNA) residue U814.
Pseudouridylation is the isomerisation of the nucleoside uridine to the different isomeric form pseudouridine.
References
External links
Non-coding RNA |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Small%20nucleolar%20RNA%20SNORA79 | In molecular biology, Small nucleolar RNA SNORA79 (also known as ACA65) is a non-coding RNA (ncRNA) molecule which functions in the biogenesis (modification) of other small nuclear RNAs (snRNAs). This type of modifying RNA is located in the nucleolus of the eukaryotic cell which is a major site of snRNA biogenesis. It is known as a small nucleolar RNA (snoRNA).
SNORA79 was identified by computational screening and its expression in mouse experimentally verified by Northern blot and primer extension analysis.
It belongs to the H/ACA box class of snoRNAs as it has the predicted hairpin-hinge-hairpin-tail structure and the conserved H/ACA-box motifs.
SNORA79 is proposed to guide the pseudouridylation of residue U31 in U6 snRNA.
Pseudouridylation is the isomerisation of the nucleoside uridine to the different isomeric form pseudouridine.
References
External links
Small nuclear RNA |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Small%20nucleolar%20RNA%20SNORD23 | In molecular biology, Small Nucleolar RNA SNORD23 (also known as HBII-115) is a non-coding RNA (ncRNA) molecule which functions in the biogenesis (modification) of other small nuclear RNAs (snRNAs). This type of modifying RNA is located in the nucleolus of the eukaryotic cell which is a major site of snRNA biogenesis. It is known as a small nucleolar RNA (snoRNA) and also often referred to as a guide RNA.
SNORD23 belongs to the C/D box class of snoRNAs which contain the C (UGAUGA) and D (CUGA) box motifs. Most of the members of the C/D box family function in directing site-specific 2′-O-methylation of substrate RNAs.
This snoRNA is the human orthologue of mouse snoRNA MBII-115.
There is currently no predicted target RNA for SNORD23.
References
External links
Non-coding RNA |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Small%20nucleolar%20RNA%20SNORD75 | In molecular biology, Small Nucleolar RNA SNORD75 (also known as U75) is a non-coding RNA (ncRNA) molecule which functions in the biogenesis (modification) of other small nuclear RNAs (snRNAs). This type of modifying RNA is located in the nucleolus of the eukaryotic cell which is a major site of snRNA biogenesis. It is known as a small nucleolar RNA (snoRNA) and also often referred to as a guide RNA.
U75 (SNORD75) belongs to the C/D box class of snoRNAs which contain the C (UGAUGA) and D (CUGA) box motifs. Most of the members of the box C/D family function in directing site-specific 2′-O-methylation of substrate RNAs.
The mouse snoRNA Z19 is orthologous to human U75. U75 is predicted to guide the 2′-O-ribose methylation of 28S ribosomal RNA (rRNA) residue C4032.
In humans U75 shares the same non-protein coding host gene (gas5) with 9 other snoRNAs (U44, U47, U74, U76, U77, U78, U79, U80 and U81).
References
External links
Non-coding RNA |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Small%20nucleolar%20RNA%20SNORD88 | In molecular biology, Small Nucleolar RNA SNORD88 (also known as HBII-180) is a non-coding RNA (ncRNA) molecule which functions in the biogenesis (modification) of other small nuclear RNAs (snRNAs). This type of modifying RNA is located in the nucleolus of the eukaryotic cell which is a major site of snRNA biogenesis. It is known as a small nucleolar RNA (snoRNA) and also often referred to as a guide RNA.
SNORD88 belongs to the C/D box class of snoRNAs which contain the C (UGAUGA) and D (CUGA) box motifs. Most of the members of the C/D box family function in directing site-specific 2′-O-methylation of substrate RNAs.
This snoRNA is the human orthologue of mouse snoRNA MBII-180. SNORD88 is also related to mouse snoRNA MBII-211. SNORD88 is predicted to guide the 2′O-ribose methylation of 28S ribosomal RNA (rRNA) residue C3680.
There is evidence that SNORD88 is processed into smaller fragments in a similar fashion to a microRNA and can suppress protein expression.
References
External links
Non-coding RNA |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Small%20nucleolar%20RNA%20SNORD92 | In molecular biology, Small Nucleolar RNA SNORD92 (also known as HBII-316) is a non-coding RNA (ncRNA) molecule which functions in the biogenesis (modification) of other small nuclear RNAs (snRNAs). This type of modifying RNA is located in the nucleolus of the eukaryotic cell which is a major site of snRNA biogenesis. It is known as a small nucleolar RNA (snoRNA) and also often referred to as a guide RNA.
SNORD92 belongs to the C/D box class of snoRNAs which contain the C (UGAUGA) and D (CUGA) box motifs. Most of the members of the C/D box family function in directing site-specific 2′-O-methylation of substrate RNAs.
This snoRNA is the human orthologue of mouse snoRNA MBII-316.
SNORD92 is predicted to guide the 2′O-ribose methylation of 28S ribosomal RNA (rRNA) residue A3846.
References
External links
Non-coding RNA |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/U4atac%20minor%20spliceosomal%20RNA | U4atac minor spliceosomal RNA is a ncRNA which is an essential component of the minor U12-type spliceosome complex. The U12-type spliceosome is required for removal of the rarer class of eukaryotic introns (AT-AC, U12-type).
U4atac snRNA is proposed to form a base-paired complex with another spliceosomal RNA U6atac via two stem loop regions. These interacting stem loops have been shown to be required for in vivo splicing. U4atac also contains a 3' Sm protein binding site which has been shown to be essential for splicing activity. U4atac is the functional analog of U4 spliceosomal RNA in the major U2-type spliceosomal complex.
The Drosophila U4atac snRNA has an additional predicted 3' stem loop terminal to the Sm binding site.
Disease
It has been shown that mutations in the U4atac snRNA can cause microcephalic osteodysplastic primordial dwarfism type I (MOPD I), also called Taybi-Linder syndrome (TALS). MOPD I is a developmental disorder that is associated with brain and skeletal abnormalities. It has been shown that the mutations cause defective U12 splicing.
References
External links
Non-coding RNA
Spliceosome
RNA splicing |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/U6atac%20minor%20spliceosomal%20RNA | U6atac minor spliceosomal RNA is a non-coding RNA which is an essential component of the minor U12-type spliceosome complex. The U12-type spliceosome is required for removal of the rarer class of eukaryotic introns (AT-AC, U12-type).
U6atac snRNA is proposed to form a base-paired complex with another spliceosomal RNA U4atac via two stem loop regions. These interacting stem loops have been shown to be required for in vivo splicing. U6atac is the functional analog of U6 spliceosomal RNA in
the major U2-type spliceosomal complex.
References
External links
Non-coding RNA
Spliceosome
RNA splicing
fr:ARN splicéosomal U4atac |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Flavivirus%20capsid%20hairpin%20cHP | The Flavivirus capsid hairpin cHP is a conserved RNA hairpin structure identified within the capsid coding region of several flavivirus genomes. These positive strand RNA genomes are translated as a single polypeptide and subsequently cleaved into constituent proteins, the first of which is the capsid protein. The cHP hairpin is located within the capsid coding region between two AUG start codons. The cHP cis element has been shown to direct translation start from the suboptimal first start codon. The ability of cHP to direct initiation from the first start codon is proportional to its thermodynamic stability, is position dependent, and is sequence independent. It has been demonstrated that both AUGs and the conserved cHP are necessary for efficient viral replication in human and mosquito cells.
References
External links
Cis-regulatory RNA elements
Flaviviruses |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/McGriff | McGriff is a surname. Notable people with the surname include:
Curtis McGriff (born 1958), American former National Football League player
Edna McGriff (1935–1980), American rhythm-and-blues singer
Fred McGriff (born 1963), American former Major League Baseball player
Hershel McGriff (born 1927), American stock car racing driver
Jimmy McGriff (born 1936), American hard-bop and soul-jazz organist and organ trio bandleader
Kenneth McGriff (born 1959), American drug trafficker and organized crime figure
Lee McGriff (born 1953), American former football player
Michael McGriff, 21st century American poet
Perry McGriff (1937–2017), an American politician
Terry McGriff (born 1963), American former Major League Baseball player
Travis McGriff (born 1976), American former National Football League and Arena Football League player
Tyrone McGriff (1958–2000), American former National Football League player
Fictional Character
Selene McGriff, a fictional character from Mobile Suit Gundam SEED C.E. 73: Stargazer |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/JY%20cell%20line | The JY cell line is an Epstein–Barr virus (EBV)-immortalised B cell lymphoblastoid line. JY cells express HLA class-I A2 and class-II DR. JY is a suspension cell line, although the cells are known to grow in clumps. The growth medium is RPMI 1640, 10% fetal calf serum and 1% L-glutamine. JY cells are positive for murine leukemia virus.
References
External links
Cell report for JY at IMGT/HLA
Cellosaurus entry for JY
Human cell lines
Epstein–Barr virus |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Greyville%20Racecourse | Greyville Racecourse is a Thoroughbred horse race track in Durban, KwaZulu-Natal, South Africa. The 2,800 metre pear-shaped turf track consists of several gradient features: it is run uphill from the 2,400 metre mark to the 1,800 metre mark, after which it slopes gently downward for approximately the next 800 metres then uphill again into the nearly flat 500 metre homestretch. A 2,000 metre all-weather "Polytrack" was constructed inside the existing turf track in 2014 with the first races held in June that year.
The track's infield holds the Royal Durban Golf Club's Championship golf course.
Greyville Racecourse is host to the prestigious Durban July Handicap and in August, the Greyville Gold Cup, both Group One races that annually draw the best horses from around the country.
The history of horse racing in KwaZulu Natal goes back well over 150 years, with the first meeting held in July 1844, close to the site of the present course. Greyville Racecourse celebrated its centenary in 1996, the Durban July was first held in 1897 with only seven horses competing.
King George VI, Queen Elizabeth and Princesses Elizabeth and Margaret visited in 1947. Queen Elizabeth II and the Duke of Edinburgh also dropped by in 1995. The track staged South Africa's first-ever Sunday meeting in February 1996 and became the first to race under floodlights.
On Thursday 27 June 2019, Hollywoodbets was announced as the naming rights sponsor for both Greyville and Scottsville racecourses in a 3-yea |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Klek%2C%20Croatia | Klek () is a village along the Adriatic Sea in southern Dalmatia, Croatia. It is a tourist locality, located in the municipality of Slivno and near the village of Komarna and the town of Neum, across the border in Bosnia and Herzegovina, right across the peninsula of Klek.
Demographics
According to the 2021 census, its population was 177. It was 230 in 2011.
References
Populated places in Dubrovnik-Neretva County |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sperm-mediated%20gene%20transfer | Sperm-mediated gene transfer (SMGT) is a transgenic technique that transfers genes based on the ability of sperm cells to spontaneously bind to and internalize exogenous DNA and transport it into an oocyte during fertilization to produce genetically modified animals.1 Exogenous DNA refers to DNA that originates outside of the organism. Transgenic animals have been obtained using SMGT, but the efficiency of this technique is low. Low efficiency is mainly due to low uptake of exogenous DNA by the spermatozoa, reducing the chances of fertilizing the oocytes with transfected spermatozoa.2 In order to successfully produce transgenic animals by SMGT, the spermatozoa must attach the exogenous DNA into the head and these transfected spermatozoa must maintain their functionality to fertilize the oocyte.2 Genetically modified animals produced by SMGT are useful for research in biomedical, agricultural, and veterinary fields of study. SMGT could also be useful in generating animals as models for human diseases or lead to future discoveries relating to human gene therapy.
Sperm-Mediated Gene Transfer Mechanism
The method for SMGT uses the sperm cell, a natural vector of genetic material, to transport exogenous DNA. The exogenous DNA molecules bind to the cell membrane of the head of the sperm cell. This binding and internalization of the DNA is not a random event. The exogenous DNA interacts with the DNA-binding proteins (DBPs) that are present on the surface of the sperm cell.3 Sperma |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lema%C3%AEtre%20coordinates | Lemaître coordinates are a particular set of coordinates for the Schwarzschild metric—a spherically symmetric solution to the Einstein field equations in vacuum—introduced by Georges Lemaître in 1932. Changing from Schwarzschild to Lemaître coordinates removes the coordinate singularity at the Schwarzschild radius.
Equations
The original Schwarzschild coordinate expression of the Schwarzschild metric, in natural units (), is given as
where
is the invariant interval;
is the Schwarzschild radius;
is the mass of the central body;
are the Schwarzschild coordinates (which asymptotically turn into the flat spherical coordinates);
is the speed of light;
and is the gravitational constant.
This metric has a coordinate singularity at the Schwarzschild radius .
Georges Lemaître was the first to show that this is not a real physical singularity but simply a manifestation of the fact that the static Schwarzschild coordinates cannot be realized with material bodies inside the Schwarzschild radius. Indeed, inside the Schwarzschild radius everything falls towards the centre and it is impossible for a physical body to keep a constant radius.
A transformation of the Schwarzschild coordinate system from to the new coordinates
(the numerator and denominator are switched inside the square-roots), leads to the Lemaître coordinate expression of the metric,
where
The trajectories with ρ constant are timelike geodesics with τ the proper time along these geodesics. They represent the |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/The%20Loners%20%282009%20film%29 | The Loners (original Hebrew title: HaBodedim) is a 2009 Israeli drama film directed by Renen Schorr starring Sasha Avshalom Agrounov and Anton Ostrovsky.
The film describes the takeover of a cell block in Prison Six by two inmates, both new immigrants from Russia, soldiers from the Golani Brigade, who were sent to prison for selling weapons to Hamas, and who were demanding a retrial.
Background
The original screenplay was inspired by true events. In 1997, there was a Rebellion in Prison Six, during which a number of inmates took over the dining room and captured several jail instructors and sergeants.
Plot
Bluchin, a fighter of the Israel Defense Forces (IDF) Golani Brigade, receives a notice that he is accepted for officers' training. He goes out to celebrate with his friend Glory. The two soldiers are new immigrants of Russian origin, with no relatives in Israel. Some time later, two men are arrested, charged and convicted of selling weapons to Hamas, which were used to carry out an attack in Hadera, which killed five civilians.
The two fighters, who are perceived as traitors, do not want to lose their honor as fighters in the IDF, and request a retrial. But the military system is not interested and decides to release them from the army and transfer them to a civil prison to continue serving their sentences. This causes them to take over a cell block, take as hostages three of the prison's personnel and request a retrial.
During these events, they confide in one of the |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Beltrami%27s%20theorem | In the mathematical field of differential geometry, any (pseudo-)Riemannian metric determines a certain class of paths known as geodesics. Beltrami's theorem, named for Italian mathematician Eugenio Beltrami, is a result on the inverse problem of determining a (pseudo-)Riemannian metric from its geodesics.
It is nontrivial to see that, on any Riemannian manifold of constant curvature, there are smooth coordinates relative to which all nonconstant geodesics appear as straight lines. In the negative curvature case of hyperbolic geometry, this is justified by the Beltrami–Klein model. In the positive curvature case of spherical geometry, it is justified by the gnomonic projection. In the language of projective differential geometry, these charts show that any Riemannian manifold of constant curvature is locally projectively flat. More generally, any pseudo-Riemannian manifold of constant curvature is locally projectively flat.
Beltrami's theorem asserts the converse: any connected pseudo-Riemannian manifold which is locally projectively flat must have constant curvature. With the use of tensor calculus, the proof is straightforward. Hermann Weyl described Beltrami's original proof (done in the two-dimensional Riemannian case) as being much more complicated. Relative to a projectively flat chart, there are functions such that the Christoffel symbols take the form
Direct calculation then shows that the Riemann curvature tensor is given by
The curvature symmetry implies that |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/WNTB | WNTB (93.7 FM) is a radio station. Licensed to Topsail Beach, North Carolina, US, it serves the Wilmington, North Carolina area.
The 93.7 frequency was previously home to WBNE, later at 103.7 FM.
From 2007 to 2020 WNTB simulcast WLTT, later WUDE. The Big Talker was a Fox News Affiliate. WNTB and WLTT 106.3 FM, Bolivia, simulcast to 5 counties in southeastern North Carolina as part of the Sea-Comm Media station group.
The station was owned by Sea-Comm, Inc.
External links
NTB |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/LG%20Venus | LG Venus (model no. LG VX8800 (CDMA) or LG KF600 (GSM)) is a slider cell phone by LG Electronics. The phone has two screens: a regular one as well as a unique touchscreen pad on the bottom third of the front (called "InteractPad") which changes to suit the activity currently being done on the phone. It features a music player, Bluetooth capabilities, up to an 8 GB microSD slot, video messaging, speaker phone and voice command, among other features. It is considered by many to be a spiritual successor to LG's popular "Chocolate" line, which includes the previous LG Chocolate (VX8500) and LG Chocolate Spin (VX8550) handsets.
As part of the VX series, the VX8800 LG Venus was sold exclusively to Verizon Wireless in the United States. Pre-ordering began on November 8, 2007, and the release date for Verizon Wireless was November 19, 2007. On March 27, 2008, Telus Mobility announced that it would be made available through their stores and retail partners around mid-April. The GSM version of the Venus is the LG KF600, announced January 16, 2008 and released in March. It has an improved, 3.2-megapixel camera up from 2.0-megapixel on the VX8800.
See also
Samsung U900 Soul
Samsung E950
Sony Ericsson W580
LG Shine
References
External links
PhoneArena
MobileBurn
Venus info at VerizonWireless.com
Featured in PCWorld.ca's round-up of Top Canadian Smartphones and Cell Phones
VX8800
Mobile phones introduced in 2007 |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tetrachloro-m-xylene | Tetrachloro-m-xylene (tetrachlorometaxylene, or TCMX) is the organochlorine compound with the formula C6Cl4(CH3)2. It is the chlorinated derivative of m-xylene in which the four aromatic hydrogen atoms are replaced by chlorine. It is prepared by ferric chloride-catalyzed reaction of the xylene with chlorine.
TCMX is used as an internal standard in the analysis of organochlorides, particularly organochloride pesticides.
References
Chlorobenzenes |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Alexia%20Massalin | Alexia Massalin (formerly Henry Massalin) is an American computer scientist and programmer. She pioneered the concept of superoptimization, and designed the Synthesis kernel, a small kernel with a Unix compatibility layer that makes heavy use of self-modifying code for efficiency.
Life and career
After high school, she was given a scholarship to the Cooper Union School of Engineering in Manhattan, where she obtained a bachelor's and master's degree. She went to obtain her Ph.D. in computer science from Columbia University in 1992, studying under professor Calton Pu.
In the 1980s she worked for Philon Inc., a New York start up specializing in optimizing compilers. In October 1992, Massalin joined MicroUnity as a research scientist, where she became responsible for signal-processing modules and software architecture.
Synthesis
Massalin's first breakthrough product came while studying at Columbia. Massalin developed Synthesis, an operating system kernel that allocated resources, ran security and low-level hardware interfaces, and created executable code to improve performance. Synthesis optimized critical operating system code using run-time information, which was a new insight previously thought impractical. To support Synthesis, Massalin invented object-like data structures called Quajects, which contain both data and code information.
Massalin is still working on broadband microprocessors.
Personal life
Her parents were Croatian refugees from Trieste. In the 1940s, the |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hartley%27s%20test | In statistics, Hartley's test, also known as the Fmax test or Hartley's Fmax, is used in the analysis of variance to verify that different groups have a similar variance, an assumption needed for other statistical tests. It was developed by H. O. Hartley, who published it in 1950.
The test involves computing the ratio of the largest group variance, max(sj2) to the smallest group variance, min(sj2). The resulting ratio, Fmax, is then compared to a critical value from a table of the sampling distribution of Fmax. If the computed ratio is less than the critical value, the groups are assumed to have similar or equal variances.
Hartley's test assumes that data for each group are normally distributed, and that each group has an equal number of members. This test, although convenient, is quite sensitive to violations of the normality assumption. Alternatives to Hartley's test that are robust to violations of normality are O'Brien's procedure, and the Brown–Forsythe test.
Related tests
Hartley's test is related to Cochran's C test in which the test statistic is the ratio of max(sj2) to the sum of all the group variances. Other tests related to these, have test statistics in which the within-group variances are replaced by the within-group range. Hartley's test and these similar tests, which are easy to perform but are sensitive to departures from normality, have been grouped together as quick tests for equal variances and, as such, are given a commentary by Hand & Nagaraja (2003). |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/PRKCD | Protein kinase C delta type (or PKC-δ) is an enzyme that in humans is encoded by the PRKCD gene.
Function
Protein kinase C (PKC) is a family of serine- and threonine-specific protein kinases that can be activated by the second messenger diacylglycerol. PKC family members phosphorylate a wide variety of protein targets and are known to be involved in diverse cellular signaling pathways. PKC family members also serve as major receptors for phorbol esters, a class of tumor promoters. Each member of the PKC family has a specific expression profile and is believed to play distinct roles in cells. The protein encoded by this gene is one of the PKC family members. Studies both in human and mice demonstrate that this kinase is involved in B cell signaling and in the regulation of growth, apoptosis, and differentiation of a variety of cell types. Protein kinase C delta is also regulated by phosphorylation on various serine/threonine (e.g. T50, T141, S304, T451, T505, S506, T507, S643, S664) and tyrosine residues including Y311 (by SRC).
Interactions
PRKCD has been shown to interact with:
C1QBP,
HER2/neu,
INSR,
MUC1,
mTOR,
PLD2,
PTPN6,
PTPRM,
PDPK1,
RASGRP3,
SHC1 and
STAT1.
References
Further reading
EC 2.7.11 |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/PRKACA | The catalytic subunit α of protein kinase A is a key regulatory enzyme that in humans is encoded by the PRKACA gene. This enzyme is responsible for phosphorylating other proteins and substrates, changing their activity. Protein kinase A catalytic subunit (PKA Cα) is a member of the AGC kinase family (protein kinases A, G, and C), and contributes to the control of cellular processes that include glucose metabolism, cell division, and contextual memory. PKA Cα is part of a larger protein complex that is responsible for controlling when and where proteins are phosphorylated. Defective regulation of PKA holoenzyme activity has been linked to the progression of cardiovascular disease, certain endocrine disorders and cancers.
Discovery
Edmond H. Fischer and Edwin G. Krebs at the University of Washington discovered PKA in the late 1950s while working through the mechanisms that govern glycogen phosphorylase. They realized that a key metabolic enzyme called phosphorylase kinase was activated by another kinase that was dependent on the second messenger cyclic AMP (cAMP). They named this new enzyme the cAMP-dependent protein kinase, and proceeded to purify and characterize this new enzyme. Fischer and Krebs won the Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine in 1992 for this discovery and their continued work on kinases, and their counterparts the protein phosphatases. Today, this cAMP-dependent protein kinase is more simply noted as PKA.
Another key event in the history of PKA occurred |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Casein%20kinase%202%2C%20alpha%201 | Casein kinase II subunit alpha is an enzyme that in humans is encoded by the CSNK2A1 gene.
Casein kinase II is a serine/threonine protein kinase that phosphorylates acidic proteins such as casein. The kinase exists as a tetramer and is composed of an alpha, an alpha-prime, and two beta subunits. The alpha subunits contain the catalytic activity while the beta subunits undergo autophosphorylation. The protein encoded by this gene represents the alpha subunit. While this gene is found on chromosome 20, a related transcribed pseudogene is found on chromosome 11. Three transcript variants encoding two different proteins have been found for this gene.
Interactions
Casein kinase 2, alpha 1 has been shown to interact with:
APC,
ATF1,
ATF2,
C-Fos,
C-jun,
CDC25B,
CHEK1,
CREBBP,
CSNK2B,
DDIT3,
FGF1,
FGF2,
HNRPA2B1
MAPK14,
PIN1,
PLEKHO1,
PTEN,
RELA,
TAF1, and
UBTF.
References
Further reading |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Upstream%20and%20downstream%20%28DNA%29 | In molecular biology and genetics, upstream and downstream both refer to relative positions of genetic code in DNA or RNA. Each strand of DNA or RNA has a 5' end and a 3' end, so named for the carbon position on the deoxyribose (or ribose) ring. By convention, upstream and downstream relate to the 5' to 3' direction respectively in which RNA transcription takes place. Upstream is toward the 5' end of the RNA molecule and downstream is toward the 3' end. When considering double-stranded DNA, upstream is toward the 5' end of the coding strand for the gene in question and downstream is toward the 3' end. Due to the anti-parallel nature of DNA, this means the 3' end of the template strand is upstream of the gene and the 5' end is downstream.
Some genes on the same DNA molecule may be transcribed in opposite directions. This means the upstream and downstream areas of the molecule may change depending on which gene is used as the reference.
The terms upstream and downstream are sometimes also applied to a polypeptide sequence, where upstream refers to a region N-terminal and downstream to residues C-terminal of a reference point.
See also
Upstream and downstream (transduction)
References
Molecular biology
Orientation (geometry) |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pole%20cell | In early Drosophila development, the first 13 cells pass through mitosis are nuclear divisions (karyokinesis) without cytokinesis, resulting in a multinucleate cell (generally referred to as a syncytium, but strictly a coenocyte). Pole cells are the cells that form at the polar ends of the Drosophila egg, which begin the adult germ cells. Pole plasm functions to bud the development of pole cells, as well as restore fertilization, even when the cell was previously sterile.
Formation
During early development of the Drosophila development, pole plasm assembles at the posterior pole of the Drosophila embryo, allowing determination of the abdominal patterning. Late in oogenesis, polar organelles, which are electro-negative granules, are in the pole plasm. When the pole plasm further matures, it continues to consist of polar granules into the development of germ cells, which develop into adult germ cells. Serine protease activity occurs less than 2 hours after the budding of the pole cells from the pole plasm, and ending just prior to the movement of the pole cells via gastrulation. The patterning of the pole cells are determined by the activation of oskar, which acts in the determination of body patterning segments. Pole cells begin their migration in a cluster in the midgut primordium. To reach their final destination, pole cells must migrate through the epithelial wall. It is known that the cells migrate through the epithelial wall, but little is known about the mechanisms use |
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