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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Isabel%20Maddison | Ada Isabel Maddison (12 April 1869 – 22 October 1950) was a British mathematician best known for her work on differential equations.
Education
Isabel Maddison entered University College in Cardiff in 1885. She was awarded a Clothworker's Guild Scholarship to study at Girton College, Cambridge, where she matriculated in 1889. A fellow student who matriculated at Girton at the same time as Maddison was Grace Chisholm (later Grace Chisholm Young). Maddison attended lectures at Cambridge by Cayley, Whitehead and Young. In 1892 Maddison passed the Cambridge Mathematical Tripos Exam earning a First Class degree, equal to the twenty-seventh Wrangler, but she was not allowed to receive a degree, as, at this time, women could not formally receive a degree at Cambridge. Instead, she was awarded the degree of Bachelor of Science with Honors from the University of London in 1893. Her fellow student Grace Chisholm also earned a First Class degree in the same Mathematical Tripos examinations.
On completing her studies at Cambridge, Maddison was awarded a scholarship which enabled her to spend the year 1892–93 at Bryn Mawr College in the US. There she undertook research under the direction of Charlotte Scott, the first woman to earn a First Class degree at Cambridge (in 1880). Maddison was awarded the resident mathematics fellowship, and then a Mary E. Garrett Fellowship for study abroad. She used the latter to study at the University of Göttingen in the academic year 1893-1894,where sh |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Glucagon-like%20peptide-2%20receptor | Glucagon-like peptide-2 receptor (GLP-2R) is a protein that in human is encoded by the GLP2R gene located on chromosome 17.
Function
The GLP2 receptor (GLP2R) is a G protein-coupled receptor superfamily member closely related to the glucagon receptor (GLP1 receptor). Glucagon-like peptide-2 (GLP2) is a 33-amino acid proglucagon-derived peptide produced by intestinal enteroendocrine cells. Like glucagon-like peptide-1 (GLP1) and glucagon itself, it is derived from the proglucagon peptide encoded by the GCG gene. GLP2 stimulates intestinal growth and upregulates villus height in the small intestine, concomitant with increased crypt cell proliferation and decreased enterocyte apoptosis. Moreover, GLP2 prevents intestinal hypoplasia resulting from total parenteral nutrition. GLP2R, a G protein-coupled receptor superfamily member is expressed in the gut and closely related to the glucagon receptor (GCGR) and the receptor for GLP1 (GLP1R).
See also
Glucagon-like peptide-2
References
Further reading
External links
G protein-coupled receptors |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Applied%20Probability%20Trust | The Applied Probability Trust is a UK-based non-profit foundation for study and research in the mathematical sciences, founded in 1964 and based in the School of Mathematics and Statistics at the University of Sheffield, which it has been affiliated with since 1964.
Publications
The Applied Probability Trust (APT) published two world leading research journals, the Journal of Applied Probability and Advances in Applied Probability, until 2016. Joe Gani, founding editor for the two journals, intended to create outlets for researchers in applied probability, as they increasingly had difficulty in getting published in the few journals in probability and statistics that existed at that time. The Journal of Applied Probability appeared first, in 1964, and with a prominent editorial board from the beginning, it secured contributions from renowned probabilists. The Advances in Applied Probability started in 1969. In 2016, Cambridge University Press took over the publication of the two journals.
In addition to these two journals, two further magazine style publications have been published, The Mathematical Scientist and Mathematical Spectrum.
Journal of Applied Probability (1964 – present)
Advances in Applied Probability (1972 – present)
The Mathematical Scientist (1976 – 2018)
Mathematical Spectrum (1968 – 2016)
To mark special occasions, the Applied Probability Trust commissions special issues of the journal. These include:
Perspectives in Probability and Statistics (1975)
|
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hydroelasticity | In fluid dynamics and elasticity, hydroelasticity or flexible fluid-structure interaction (FSI), is a branch of science which is concerned with the motion of deformable bodies through liquids. The theory of hydroelasticity has been adapted from aeroelasticity, to describe the effect of structural response of the body on the fluid around it.
Definition
It is the analysis of the time-dependent interaction of hydrodynamic and elastic structural forces. Vibration of floating and submerged ocean structures/vessels encompasses this field of naval architecture.
Importance
Hydroelasticity is of concern in various areas of marine technology such as:
High-speed craft.
Ships with the phenomena springing and whipping affecting fatigue and extreme loading
Large scale floating structures such as floating airports , floating bridges and buoyant tunnels.
Marine Risers.
Cable systems and umbilicals for remotely operated or tethered underwater vehicles.
Seismic cable systems.
Flexible containers for water transport, oil spill recovery and other purposes.
Areas of research
Analytical and numerical methods in FSI.
Techniques for laboratory and in-service investigations.
Stochastic methods.
Hydroelasticity-based prediction of Wave Loads and Responses.
Impact, sloshing and shock.
Flow induced vibration (FIV).
Tsunami and seaquake induced responses of large marine structures.
Devices for energy extraction.
Current research
Analysis and design of marine structures or systems n |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Growth-hormone-releasing%20hormone%20receptor | The growth-hormone-releasing hormone receptor (GHRHR) is a G-protein-coupled receptor that binds growth hormone-releasing hormone. The GHRHR activates a Gs protein that causes a cascade of cAMP via adenylate cyclase. GHRHR is distinct from the growth hormone secretagogue receptor (also known as the ghrelin receptor), where growth hormone releasing peptides act to release growth hormone (without stimulating GH synthesis).
Function
This gene, expressed in the pituitary, encodes a receptor for growth-hormone-releasing hormone. Binding of this hormone to the receptor leads to synthesis and release of growth hormone. Mutations in this gene have been associated with isolated growth-hormone deficiency (IGHD), also known as Dwarfism of Sindh, a disorder characterized by short stature. Many alternate transcriptional splice variants encoding different isoforms have been described, but only two have been characterized to date.
Ligands
Agonists
CJC-1295
Dumorelin
GHRH (somatorelin)
Rismorelin
Sermorelin
Tesamorelin
Antagonists
MZ-5-156
References
Further reading
External links
IUPHAR GPCR Database – GHRH receptor
G protein-coupled receptors |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pollard%27s%20kangaroo%20algorithm | In computational number theory and computational algebra, Pollard's kangaroo algorithm (also Pollard's lambda algorithm, see Naming below) is an algorithm for solving the discrete logarithm problem. The algorithm was introduced in 1978 by the number theorist John M. Pollard, in the same paper as his better-known Pollard's rho algorithm for solving the same problem. Although Pollard described the application of his algorithm to the discrete logarithm problem in the multiplicative group of units modulo a prime p, it is in fact a generic discrete logarithm algorithm—it will work in any finite cyclic group.
Algorithm
Suppose is a finite cyclic group of order which is generated by the element , and we seek to find the discrete logarithm of the element to the base . In other words, one seeks such that . The lambda algorithm allows one to search for in some interval . One may search the entire range of possible logarithms by setting and .
1. Choose a set of positive integers of mean roughly and define a pseudorandom map .
2. Choose an integer and compute a sequence of group elements according to:
3. Compute
Observe that:
4. Begin computing a second sequence of group elements according to:
and a corresponding sequence of integers according to:
.
Observe that:
5. Stop computing terms of and when either of the following conditions are met:
A) for some . If the sequences and "collide" in this manner, then we have:
and so we are done.
B) . If this o |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Woodsia | Woodsia is a genus of ferns in the family Woodsiaceae. Species of Woodsia are commonly known as cliff ferns. In the Pteridophyte Phylogeny Group classification of 2016 (PPG I), it was the only genus in the family Woodsiaceae. In 2020, Physematium was split off from Woodsia on the basis of molecular phylogenetic evidence. , Plants of the World Online continued to treat Physematium as a synonym of Woodsia.
Species
There are about 25–30 species of the genus Woodsia. , World Ferns hosted at World Plants accepted the following species:
Woodsia alpina (Bolton) Gray – alpine woodsia
Woodsia andersonii (Bedd.) Christ
Woodsia asiatica Kiselev & Shmakov
Woodsia calcarea (Fomin) Shmakov
Woodsia cinnamomea Christ
Woodsia cycloloba Hand.-Mazz.
Woodsia glabella R.Br. – smooth cliff fern
Woodsia gorovoii Krestsch. & Shmakov
Woodsia guizhouensis P.S.Wang, Q.Luo & Li Bing Zhang
Woodsia hancockii Baker
Woodsia ilvensis (L.) R.Br. – oblong woodsia, rusty cliff fern
Woodsia kungiana Li Bing Zhang, N.T.Lu & X.F.Gao
Woodsia lanosa Hook.
Woodsia macrochlaena Mett. ex Kuhn
Woodsia macrospora C.Chr. & Maxon
Woodsia nikkoensis H.Ogura & Nakaike
Woodsia oblonga Ching & S.H.Wu
Woodsia okamotoi Tagawa
Woodsia pilosa Ching
Woodsia polystichoides D.C.Eaton
Woodsia pseudopolystichoides (Fomin) Kiselev & Shmakov
Woodsia pulchella Bertol.
Woodsia rosthorniana Diels
Woodsia shensiensis Ching
Woodsia sinica Ching
Woodsia subcordata Turcz.
Woodsia taigischensis (Stepanov) Kuznetsov
Woodsia taishanensis F.Z.Li |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Guy%20%28album%29 | Guy is the 1988 debut studio album by American R&B band Guy. Released on June 14, 1988 by Uptown Records. It was produced by group member Teddy Riley and manager Gene Griffin. The album peaked at number 27 on the Billboard 200 chart. In July 1994, it was certified double platinum by the Recording Industry Association of America, for shipments of two million copies in the United States. In 2007, to commemorate the 20th anniversary of the album, Geffen Records reissued the recording complete with a remastered version of the original album and a second CD of remixes.
Background
The origins of Guy came about when Aaron Hall and Timmy Gatling worked at the same clothing store, Abraham & Straus in New York. Riley was introduced to Hall by way of Gatling and the three then decided to form a group. Riley and Gatling were in a group prior to forming Guy called Kids At Work. Producer and manager Gene Griffin introduced them to Uptown Records founder Andre Harrell, who immediately signed the trio. After they were signed, they moved to Washington, D.C. to live with Griffin. However, things went south after Hall and Gatling were fighting the entire time of the recording. Gatling then left the group and was replaced by Aaron's younger brother Damion Hall. The eventual reasons of Gatling's departure from the group were issues with the contract and pressuring personal relationships during the time, although he was credited and earned royalties by his contribution of writing and producing.
|
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Transovarial%20transmission | Transovarial or transovarian transmission (transmission from parent to offspring via the ovaries) occurs in certain arthropod vectors as they transmit pathogens from parent to offspring. This process, used by a wide variety of parasites, is also known as vertical transmission. For example, Rickettsia rickettsii, carried within ticks, is passed on from parent to offspring tick by transovarial transmission. This is in contrast to parasites such as Rickettsia prowazekii, which are not passed on by transovarian transmission due to killing the vector that carries it (in this case, the human louse). Other examples of parasites that use this mechanism of transmission include the aedes mosquito vector of the yellow fever virus and in phlebotomine sandflies that transmit pappataci fever.
Richard Dawkins in "The Extended Phenotype" notes that "bacterial endosymbionts of insects which are transmitted transovarially" share an interest in the "success of their host's gametes.....as well as the survival of their host's body." In this case, "the interest of the host genes and parasite genes might not be quite identical, but they would..... be very much closer than the case of fluke and snail." where host and parasite have different means of propagation into the next generation, and therefore more divergent interests.
See also
Transstadial transmission
References
Murray, Patrick R.; Rosenthal, Ken S.; Pfaller, Michael A. Medical Microbiology, Fifth Edition. United States: Elsevier M |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Enterosora | Enterosora is a genus of ferns in the family Polypodiaceae, subfamily Grammitidoideae, according to the Pteridophyte Phylogeny Group classification of 2016 (PPG I). PPG I also recognizes the genus Zygophlebia, which more recent sources include in Enterosora. , many do not have formally published names in Enterosora and are retained here in Zygophlebia.
Taxonomy
The genus Enterosora was created by John Gilbert Baker in 1886 with the type species Enterosora campbellii. The genus Zygophlebia was created by L. Earl Bishop in 1989 with the type species Zygophlebia sectifrons, formerly placed in Polypodium. Molecular phylogenetic studies have shown that Enterosora is nested within Zygophlebia, which could be resolved by synonymizing Zygophlebia with Enterosora. In 2016, the authors of the PPG I classification considered merging the genera to be premature. A further study was published in 2019. This showed that Enterosora s.s. was monophyletic, but embedded within two clades of Zyglophlebia, with Ceradenia the sister of Enterosora s.l.:
The Checklist of Ferns and Lycophytes of the World has recognized the merger of Zygophlebia into Enterosora. However, , many former Zygophlebia species do not have formally published names in Enterosora, so are retained here Zygophlebia.
Species
, the Checklist of Ferns and Lycophytes of the World (CFLW) accepted the following species. Species placed in Zygophlebia but accepted in Enterosora by CFLW are listed separately.
Enterosora asplenioide |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Functional-theoretic%20algebra | Any vector space can be made into a unital associative algebra, called functional-theoretic algebra, by defining products in terms of two linear functionals. In general, it is a non-commutative algebra. It becomes commutative when the two functionals are the same.
Definition
Let AF be a vector space over a field F, and let L1 and L2 be two linear functionals on AF with the property L1(e) = L2(e) = 1F for some e in AF. We define multiplication of two elements x, y in AF by
It can be verified that the above multiplication is associative and that e is the identity of this multiplication.
So, AF forms an associative algebra with unit e and is called a functional theoretic algebra(FTA).
Suppose the two linear functionals L1 and L2 are the same, say L. Then AF becomes a commutative algebra with multiplication defined by
Example
X is a nonempty set and F a field. FX is the set of functions from X to F.
If f, g are in FX, x in X and α in F, then define
and
With addition and scalar multiplication defined as this, FX is a vector space over F.
Now, fix two elements a, b in X and define a function e from X to F by e(x) = 1F for all x in X.
Define L1 and L2 from FX to F by L1(f) = f(a) and L2(f) = f(b).
Then L1 and L2 are two linear functionals on FX such that L1(e)= L2(e)= 1F
For f, g in FX define
Then FX becomes a non-commutative function algebra with the function e as the identity of multiplication.
Note that
FTA of Curves in the Complex Plane
Let C denote the |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/1%2C3-Beta-glucan%20synthase | 1,3-Beta-glucan synthase is a glucosyltransferase enzyme involved in the generation of beta-glucan in fungi. It serves as a pharmacological target for antifungal drugs such as caspofungin, anidulafungin, and micafungin, deemed 1,3-Beta-glucan synthase inhibitors. Under the CAZy classification system, fungi and plant members fall in the glycosyltransferase 48 family (GT48). Some members of the glycosyltransferase 2 family (), such as the curdlan synthase CrdS (Q9X2V0), also has a similar activity.
The biosynthesis of disaccharides, oligosaccharides, and polysaccharides involves the action of hundreds of different glycosyltransferases. These enzymes catalyse the transfer of sugar moieties from activated donor molecules to specific acceptor molecules, forming glycosidic bonds.
The family consists of various 1,3-beta-glucan synthase components including Gls1, Gls2, and Gls3 from yeast. 1,3-Beta-glucan synthase () also known as callose synthase catalyses the formation of a beta-1,3-glucan polymer that is a major component of the fungal cell wall. The reaction catalysed is:
UDP-glucose + {(1,3)-beta-D-glucosyl}(N) = UDP + {(1,3)-beta-D-glucosyl}(N+1).
See also
Echinocandin
glucan
External links
CAZy
References
EC 2.4.1
Protein families |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Propenidazole | Propenidazole is an antiinfective imidazole derivative used in gynecology.
References
Nitroimidazole antibiotics
Antiprotozoal agents |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Azanidazole | Azanidazole is a nitroimidazole derivative used in gynecology for the treatment of trichomonal infections.
References
Nitroimidazole antibiotics
Antiprotozoal agents
Pyrimidines
Alkene derivatives |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/HMS%20Rupert | Several ships of the Royal Navy have been named HMS Rupert or derivatives of the name, after Prince Rupert of the Rhine, son of Frederick V, Elector Palatine and a famous Royalist cavalry commander during the English Civil War.
, launched in 1666 was a third-rate ship of the line which served in the navy for 103 years.
of 1692 was a sixth-rate ship captured by the above ship of the line during the Nine Years' War.
of 1741 was a sloop captured by the above ship of the line during the War of Jenkins' Ear.
, launched in 1872 was a turret ram battleship prototype sold in 1907.
of 1915 was a First World War Royal Navy monitor.
of 1943 was a purchased from the United States during World War II.
Royal Navy ship names |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Stein%27s%20method | Stein's method is a general method in probability theory to obtain bounds on the distance between two probability distributions with respect to a probability metric. It was introduced by Charles Stein, who first published it in 1972, to obtain a bound between the distribution of a sum of -dependent sequence of random variables and a standard normal distribution in the Kolmogorov (uniform) metric and hence to prove not only a central limit theorem, but also bounds on the rates of convergence for the given metric.
History
At the end of the 1960s, unsatisfied with the by-then known proofs of a specific central limit theorem, Charles Stein developed a new way of proving the theorem for his statistics lecture. His seminal paper was presented in 1970 at the sixth Berkeley Symposium and published in the corresponding proceedings.
Later, his Ph.D. student Louis Chen Hsiao Yun modified the method so as to obtain approximation results for the Poisson distribution; therefore the Stein method applied to the problem of Poisson approximation is often referred to as the Stein–Chen method.
Probably the most important contributions are the monograph by Stein (1986), where he presents his view of the method and the concept of auxiliary randomisation, in particular using exchangeable pairs, and the articles by Barbour (1988) and Götze (1991), who introduced the so-called generator interpretation, which made it possible to easily adapt the method to many other probability distributions. An i |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bert%20Millard | Albert Alexander R. Millard (1 October 1898 – after 1925) was an English professional footballer who played in the Football League for Birmingham, Coventry City, Crystal Palace and Charlton Athletic. He could play as a forward or at centre half with equal facility. He was Birmingham's top scorer in the 1919–20 season with 15 goals in all competitions, despite only playing half the season in attack.
Millard was born in West Bromwich, Staffordshire.
References
1898 births
Year of death missing
Footballers from West Bromwich
English men's footballers
Men's association football defenders
Men's association football forwards
Barry Town United F.C. players
Cardiff City F.C. players
Birmingham City F.C. players
Coventry City F.C. players
Crystal Palace F.C. players
Charlton Athletic F.C. players
Leamington F.C. players
English Football League players
Place of death missing |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Google%20Web%20Server | Google Web Server (GWS) is proprietary web server software that Google uses for its web infrastructure. GWS is used exclusively inside Google's ecosystem for website hosting.
In 2008 GWS team was led by Bharat Mediratta. GWS is sometimes described as one of the most guarded components of Google's infrastructure.
In 2010 GWS was reported as serving 13% of all web sites in the world.
In May, 2015, GWS was ranked as the fourth most popular web server on the internet after Apache, nginx and Microsoft IIS, powering an estimated 7.95% of active websites. Web page requests on most Google pages provide "gws" (without a version number) in the HTTP header as an indication of the web server software being used.
Information regarding GWS is scarce. In a blog post from Google's Chicago office in 2011, Google provided some details on GWS:
See also
gLinux
References
Web Server
Web Server
Unix network-related software
Web server software
Web server software for Linux |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mononitrotoluene | Mononitrotoluene or nitrotoluene (MNT or NT), is any of three organic compounds with the formula C6H4(CH3)(NO2). They can be viewed as nitro derivatives of toluene or as methylated derivatives of nitrobenzene.
Mononitrotoluene comes in three isomers, differing by the relative position of the methyl and nitro groups. All are pale yellow with faint fragrances:
ortho-nitrotoluene (ONT), o-nitrotoluene, or 2-nitrotoluene. m.p. = -10.4 °C
meta-nitrotoluene (MNT), m-nitrotoluene, or 3-nitrotoluene. m.p. = 16 °C
para-nitrotoluene (PNT), p-nitrotoluene, or 4-nitrotoluene. m.p. = 44.5 °C
Typical use of nitrotoluene is in production of pigments, antioxidants, agricultural chemicals, and photographic chemicals.
Ortho-mononitrotoluene and para-mononitrotoluene can be also used as detection taggants for explosive detection.
See also
Toluene
Dinitrotoluene
Nitrobenzene
Trinitrotoluene
References
External links
CDC - NIOSH Pocket Guide to Chemical Hazards - m-Nitrotoluene
CDC - NIOSH Pocket Guide to Chemical Hazards - o-Nitrotoluene
CDC - NIOSH Pocket Guide to Chemical Hazards - p-Nitrotoluene
Explosive chemicals
Explosive detection
Nitrotoluenes |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/PDSA | PDSA may refer to:
PDSA (plan–do–study–act), a quality improvement process
People's Dispensary for Sick Animals, a UK veterinary charity
Protostadienol synthase, an enzyme |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/MACPF | The Membrane Attack Complex/Perforin (MACPF) superfamily, sometimes referred to as the MACPF/CDC superfamily, is named after a domain that is common to the membrane attack complex (MAC) proteins of the complement system (C6, C7, C8α, C8β and C9) and perforin (PF). Members of this protein family are pore-forming toxins (PFTs). In eukaryotes, MACPF proteins play a role in immunity and development.
Archetypal members of the family are complement C9 and perforin, both of which function in human immunity. C9 functions by punching holes in the membranes of Gram-negative bacteria. Perforin is released by cytotoxic T cells and lyses virally infected and transformed cells. In addition, perforin permits delivery of cytotoxic proteases called granzymes that cause cell death. Deficiency of either protein can result in human disease. Structural studies reveal that MACPF domains are related to cholesterol-dependent cytolysins (CDCs), a family of pore forming toxins previously thought to only exist in bacteria.
Families
As of early 2016, there are three families belonging to the MACPF superfamily:
1.C.12 - The Thiol-activated Cholesterol-dependent Cytolysin (CDC) Family
1.C.39 - The Membrane Attack Complex/Perforin (MACPF) Family
1.C.97 - The Pleurotolysin Pore-forming (Pleurotolysin) Family
Membrane Attack Complex/Perforin (MACPF) Family
Proteins containing MACPF domains play key roles in vertebrate immunity, embryonic development, and neural-cell migration. The ninth component o |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/HLA-DR10 | HLA-DR10 (DR10) is a HLA-DR serotype that recognizes the DRB1*1001 gene product.
Serology
The serological reaction of DR10 is relatively good.
Disease associations
By serotype
DR10 serotype or cognate alleles are associated with: Lichen planus
By allele
DRB1*1001 is associated with ovarian cancer and invasive squamous cell cervical cancer (SCC)
Extended linkage
DRB1*1001:DQA1*01:DQB1*05 haplotype: Rheumatoid arthritis The primary involvement appears to be DR10.
Genetic Linkage
HLA-DR10 is not genetically linked to DR51, DR52 or DR53, but is linked to HLA-DQ1 and DQ5 serotypes. One haplotype found in caucasians is the HLA-A1-B37-Cw6-DR10-DQ5.
References
1 |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/HLA-DR9 | HLA-DR09 (DR9) is a HLA-DR serotype that recognizes the DRB1*0901 gene product.
Serology
The serological reaction of DR9 is relatively good. The serology of DRB1*0902 to *0906 serotypes is unknown.
Disease associations
DRB1*0901: Early childhood myasthenia gravis
Extended linkage
DRB1*0901:DQA1*0301:DQB1*0303 haplotype: Early childhood myastenia gravis
Genetic linkage
HLA-DR9 is genetically linked to HLA-DR53, and HLA-DQ3 and DQ9 serotypes.
References
9 |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Debranching%20enzyme | Debranching enzyme could refer to:
Glycogen debranching enzyme, acts on the polysaccharide glycogen
DBR1 (RNA lariat debranching enzyme), acts on introns
Isoamylase |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Out%20of%20the%20Gene%20Pool | Out of the Gene Pool was an American syndicated comic strip by Matt Janz that appeared daily in newspapers from December 31, 2001, to June 22, 2008.
Publication history
Out of the Gene Pool grew out of an earlier strip Janz had created called critters (spelled in all lowercase), where a bunch of odd-looking creatures overran a small town to the disgust of its residents. The Washington Post Writers Group, which syndicated Out of the Gene Pool, helped Janz develop the strip into what eventually became the final product.
For the final eleven months of its run, the strip was known as Single and Looking. As part of the change, Janz completely changed the focus of the strip in the hopes that this would get more newspapers to buy it. The move proved unsuccessful and Janz decided to bring his creation to its conclusion. In doing so, he said that while he enjoyed his time on the comics page he wanted to give his space in newspapers to comics with "actual growth potential".
Characters and story
When Out of the Gene Pool debuted, the focus was originally around a man named Rufus, a rather large man with hair all over his body, and his family and life in a generic town called Middletown (the state where it was located never revealed). Rufus was married to a woman named Andy (short for Andrea) and had a son named Miller, who resembled his father.
Rufus and Andy were friends with a divorced African-American mother named Jackie Jerzy (who was the only character to have a known last nam |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fumiya%20Nishiguchi | , (born September 26, 1972) is a Japanese baseball player. He is a right-handed pitcher in Japan's Nippon Professional Baseball for the Saitama Seibu Lions.
Career statistics
Bold indicates league leader; statistics current as of December 25, 2013
External links
1972 births
Living people
Sportspeople from Wakayama (city)
Japanese baseball players
Nippon Professional Baseball pitchers
Seibu Lions players
Saitama Seibu Lions players
Nippon Professional Baseball MVP Award winners
Japanese baseball coaches
Nippon Professional Baseball coaches |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/IQ%20classification | IQ classification is the practice of categorizing human intelligence, as measured by intelligence quotient (IQ) tests, into categories such as "superior" or "average".
In the current IQ scoring method, an IQ score of 100 means that the test-taker's performance on the test is of average performance in the sample of test-takers of about the same age as was used to norm the test. An IQ score of 115 means performance one standard deviation above the mean, while a score of 85 means performance one standard deviation below the mean, and so on. This "deviation IQ" method is now used for standard scoring of all IQ tests in large part because they allow a consistent definition of IQ for both children and adults. By the current "deviation IQ" definition of IQ test standard scores, about two-thirds of all test-takers obtain scores from 85 to 115, and about 5 percent of the population scores above 125 (i.e. normal distribution).
When IQ testing was first created, Lewis Terman and other early developers of IQ tests noticed that most child IQ scores come out to approximately the same number regardless of testing procedure. Variability in scores can occur when the same individual takes the same test more than once. Further, a minor divergence in scores can be observed when an individual takes tests provided by different publishers at the same age. There is no standard naming or definition scheme employed universally by all test publishers for IQ score classifications.
Even before IQ t |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Software%20parametric%20models | A parametric model is a set of related mathematical equations that incorporates variable parameters. A scenario is defined by selecting a value for each parameter. Software project managers use software parametric models and parametric estimation tools to estimate their projects' duration, staffing and cost.
In the early 1980s refinements to earlier models, such as PRICE S and SLIM, and new models, such as SPQR, Checkpoint, ESTIMACS, SEER-SEM or COCOMO and its commercial implementations PCOC, Costimator, GECOMO, COSTAR and Before You Leap emerged.
The prime advantage of these models is that they are objective, repeatable, calibrated and easy to use, although calibration to previous experience may be a disadvantage when applied to a significantly different project.
These models were highly effective for waterfall model, version 1 software projects of the 1980s and highlighted the early achievements of parametrics. As systems became more complex and new languages emerged, different software parametric models emerged that employed new cost estimating relationships, risk analyzers, software sizing, nonlinear software reuse, and personnel continuity.
References
Business software
Software project management
Project management software
Software metrics |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Good%20regulator | The good regulator is a theorem conceived by Roger C. Conant and W. Ross Ashby that is central to cybernetics. Originally stated that "every good regulator of a system must be a model of that system", but more accurately, every good regulator must contain a model of the system. That is, any regulator that is maximally simple among optimal regulators must behave as an image of that system under a homomorphism; while the authors sometimes say 'isomorphism', the mapping they construct is only a homomorphism.
Theorem
This theorem is obtained by considering the entropy of the variation of the output of the controlled system, and shows that, under very general conditions, that the entropy is minimized when there is a (deterministic) mapping from the states of the system to the states of the regulator. The authors view this map as making the regulator a 'model' of the system.
With regard to the brain, insofar as it is successful and efficient as a regulator for survival, it must proceed, in learning, by the formation of a model (or models) of its environment.
The theorem is general enough to apply to all regulating and self-regulating or homeostatic systems.
Five variables are defined by the authors as involved in the process of system regulation. as primary disturbers, as a set of events in the regulator, as a set of events in the rest of the system outside of the regulator, as the total set of events (or outcomes) that may occur, as the subset of events (or outcomes |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Electronic%20sackbut | The electronic sackbut is an electronic musical instrument designed and first built by Hugh Le Caine in 1945.
The electronic sackbut had a feature which resembles what has become the modulation wheels on modern synthesizers: The player used the left hand to modify the sound while the right hand was used to play the keyboard. This compares with today's synthesizers which have one or several modulation wheels to the left of the keyboard (often controlling modulation and pitch).
The controller modified volume, pitch, and timbre. Thus it was one of the first electronic instruments to use a three-dimensional continuous controller to modify the sound in a live situation. Such control is still rare in electronic instruments.
Le Caine began working full-time in a new lab at the National Research Council of Canada in 1954, where he built over 20 different new instruments before his death in 1977. While he developed four models of the electronic sackbut, none ever saw commercial production.
See also
Sackbut
Ondes Martenot
References
External links
Science Tech article
Paradiso, 1998. "Electronic Music Interfaces".
Electronic musical instruments |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/HLA-DR8 | HLA-DR8 (DR8) is a HLA-DR serotype that recognizes the DRB1*0801 to *0807, and *0810 to *0812 gene products.
Serology
The serological reaction of DR8 is relatively good. The serology of DRB1*0808, *0809 and *0813 to *0832 serotypes is unknown.
Disease associations
DR8 is linked to papillary thyroid carcinomas, early onset pauciarticular juvenile chronic arthritis, primary biliary cirrhosis
by allele
HLA-DRB1*0801 is linked to primary biliary cirrhosis In Mexicans DR8 is found more often in type-2 juvenile diabetes.
HLA-DRB1*0803 is also linked to primary biliary cirrhosis
Genetic Linkage
HLA-DR8 is not genetically linked to HLA-DR51 to DR53, but is linked to DQ4 serotypes.
References
8 |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/HLA-DR7 | HLA-DR7 (DR7) is a HLA-DR serotype that recognizes the DRB1*0701 to *0705 gene products.
Serology
The serological reaction of DR7 is excellent for *0701. The serology of *0703 to *0705 to *0709, and *0711 to *0714 serotypes is unknown. DRB1*0710N is a null allele. DRB1*0702 nomenclature has been deleted.
Disease associations
By serotype
DR7 is positively associated with psoriasis vulgaris.
By Allele group
DRB1*07 is linked to T. cruzi infection with cardiomyopathy (also called Chaga's cardiomyopathy).
By extended haplotype
DR7:DQA1*0201:DQB1*0202 is associated with Graves' disease.
DR7-DQ2/DR5-DQ7 phenotype (transhaplotype encoded isoform DQα5β2) is the primary risk DQ isoform in celiac disease. DR7-DQ2/DR5-DQ7 (/DR11-DQ7 or /DR12-DQ7) is a clarifying identifier for the at risk transhaplotype.
DR53-DR7 may be associated with sclerosis/lupus associated anti-apolipoprotein antibodies.
Genetic linkage
HLA-DR7 is genetically linked HLA-DR53, and is linked to DQ2 serotypes. There are a few interesting genetics with DR7. The A29-Cw16-B44-DR7-DQ2 haplotype is in strong linkage disequilibrium particularly in Northwestern Europe. The highest frequencies tend to be coastal countries along the Atlantic. The Cw16 allele is undoubtedly derived from Western Africa the diversity and frequency of Cw16 declines away from the along the Greenwich longitudinal line. The level of linkage disequilibration about Cw16 postulates a recent arrival from Africa, and indicates a substantial con |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/HLA-DR5 | HLA-DR5 (DR5) is a broad-antigen serotype that is further split into HLA-DR11 and HLA-DR12 antigen serotypes.
HLA-DR5 (Human Leukocyte Antigen DR5) is a protein that is encoded by a gene in the human leukocyte antigen (HLA) complex. The HLA complex is a group of genes located on chromosome 6 that plays a critical role in the immune system. HLA-DR5 is a type of HLA class II molecule that is expressed on the surface of immune cells called dendritic cells and monocytes.
HLA-DR5 is involved in the presentation of peptides, which are short chains of amino acids, to T cells, a type of immune cell that plays a key role in the immune response. When HLA-DR5 exposes a peptide to a T cell, it can activate the T cell and initiate an immunological response to the peptide.
HLA-DR5 has been the focus of research in the field of immunology due to its potential role in the development of autoimmune disorders, such as rheumatoid arthritis, and in the response to certain infections, such as HIV. In addition, HLA-DR5 has also been studied in the context of organ transplantation, as HLA matching is important in determining the success of a transplant.
Serology
Except for a few DRB1* alleles, the reactivity of DR5 is relatively poor.
Disease associations
DR5 is associated with persistent generalized lymphadenopathy and Kaposi's sarcoma in AIDS, juvenile rheumatoid arthritis, pernicious anemia, Hashimoto's thyroiditis, mycosis fungoides, polyglandular deficiency syndrome, systemic sclerosis, |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nitrite%20oxidoreductase | Nitrite oxidoreductase (NOR or NXR) is an enzyme involved in nitrification. It is the last step in the process of aerobic ammonia oxidation, which is carried out by two groups of nitrifying bacteria: ammonia oxidizers such as Nitrosospira, Nitrosomonas, and Nitrosococcus convert ammonia to nitrite, while nitrite oxidizers such as Nitrobacter and Nitrospira oxidize nitrite to nitrate. NXR is responsible for producing almost all nitrate found in nature.
NXR belongs to the class of EC numbers 1.7.2- where 1 describes an oxidoreductase, 1.7 describes nitrogen compounds as donors, and 1.7.2- describes cytochromes as acceptors.
Structure
NXR is composed of 2 mainly known subunits; nitrite oxidoreductase α (NxrA), and nitrite oxidoreductase β (NxrB) (sometimes written as NorA and NorB). However, recent studies describe a third and fourth subunit, NxrC and NxrT The enzyme’s known active site is on the NxrA subunit. There are two types of NXR; one where the NxrA subunit is located in the periplasmic space of a cell, and the other where NxrA is located in the cytoplasm
The enzyme is bound to the inner cytoplasmic surface of the bacterial membrane and contains iron-sulfur centers and a molybdenum cofactor. The enzyme is relatively abundant, making up 10-30% of the total protein in these bacteria and forms densely packed structures on the membrane surface. To date, little is known about the exact structure of NXR, but has been discovered to form tubule structures that are hundreds |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/HLA-DR2 | HLA-DR2 (DR2) of the HLA-DR serotype system, is a broad antigen serotype that is now preferentially covered by HLA-DR15 and HLA-DR16 serotype group. This serotype primarily recognizes gene products of the HLA-DRB1*15 and HLA-DRB1*16 allele groups.
Serology
Disease associations
DR2 serotypes are associated with Goodpasture syndrome, systemic lupus erythematosus, multiple sclerosis, and narcolepsy, tuberculoid leprosy (multi-drug-resistant tuberculosis or leprosy), ulcerative colitis(Japanese), primary biliary cirrhosis and autoimmune hepatitis. DR2 is also found in all patients that test positive for anti-anti-Asn-RNA-synthetase and chronic interstitial lung disease.
Genetic linkage
DR2 is linked to the HLA-DR51.
References
2 |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/VSW | VSW may refer to:
Very Short Wave, a form of Very high frequency
Vertical Search Works, a semantic web search company
Vanderbilt spoken word, a spoken word performance organization at Vanderbilt University
.vsw, a file extension for Visio Workspace files
Visual Studies Workshop, an arts organization in Rochester, NY |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Trends%20in%20Cell%20Biology | Trends in Cell Biology is a peer-reviewed scientific journal by Elsevier BV.
Abstracting and indexing
Trends in Cell Biology is abstracted and indexed the following bibliographic databases:
Science Citation Index Expanded
Scopus
According to the Journal Citation Reports, the journal has a 2020 impact factor of 20.808.
References
External links
English-language journals
Elsevier academic journals |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Elias%20Charalambous | Elias Charalambous (; born 25 September 1980) is a Cypriot football manager and former player, who is in charge of Liga I club FCSB.
Career statistics
International
Managerial
Honours
Omonia
Cypriot First Division: 2000–01, 2002–03, 2009–10
Cypriot Cup: 1999–2000, 2004–05, 2010–11
Cypriot Super Cup: 2001, 2003, 2010
PAOK
Greek Cup runner-up: 2005–06
References
External links
1980 births
Living people
Sportspeople from East London, South Africa
Soccer players from the Eastern Cape
South African people of Greek Cypriot descent
Greek Cypriot people
Cypriot men's footballers
Cyprus men's international footballers
Men's association football defenders
AC Omonia players
PAOK FC players
Alki Larnaca FC players
CS Sporting Vaslui players
Karlsruher SC players
Doxa Katokopias FC players
Levadiakos F.C. players
AEK Larnaca FC players
Cypriot First Division players
Liga I players
Super League Greece players
2. Bundesliga players
Cypriot expatriate men's footballers
Cypriot expatriate sportspeople in Greece
Cypriot expatriate sportspeople in Romania
Cypriot expatriate sportspeople in Germany
Expatriate men's footballers in Greece
Expatriate men's footballers in Germany
Expatriate men's footballers in Romania
White South African people
Cypriot football managers
AEK Larnaca FC managers
Ethnikos Achna FC managers
Doxa Katokopias FC managers
FC Steaua București managers
Cypriot First Division managers
Liga I managers
Cypriot expatriate football managers
Expatriate football managers i |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/HLA-DR4 | HLA-DR4 (DR4) is an HLA-DR serotype that recognizes the DRB1*04 gene products. The DR4 serogroup is large and has a number of
moderate frequency alleles spread over large regions of the world.
Serology
The serological identification of DR4 is good. The serology of DRB1*04:17 to *04:60
is unknown.
Disease associations
By serotype
DR4 is associated with extraarticular rheumatoid arthritis, hydralazine-induced female systemic lupus erythematosus, pemphigoid gestationis, pemphigus foliaceus, obstructive hypertrophic cardiomyopathy, IgA nephropathy, 'shared syndrome'-systemic sclerosis/rheumatoid arthritis and polymyalgia rheumatica.
By allele
DRB1*04 is associated with increased risk for alopecia areata.
DRB1*04:01 is associated with multiple sclerosis, rheumatoid arthritis, type 1 diabetes, lyme disease induced arthritis.
HLA-DRB1*04:01 gene variant is found three times more often in asymptomatic carriers of SARS-CoV-2 than in patients with symptoms of COVID-19. It is known that the prevalence of the HLA-DRB1*04:01 variant directly correlates with the latitude and longitude of the population. This variant of the gene is more common in northern and western Europe, which means that people of European descent are more likely to be asymptomatic carriers that can transmit the disease to more susceptible populations.
DRB1*04:02: drug-triggered/idiopathic pemphigus vulgaris, type 1 diabetes, SLE associated anti-cardiolipin and anti-β2 glycoprotein I.
DRB1*04:03: polycystic ova |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/HLA-DR1 | HLA-DR1 (DR1) is a HLA-DR serotype that recognizes the DRB1*01 gene products. It has been observed to be common among centenarians.
Serology
The serology for the most common DR1 alleles is excellent. The serology for alleles , , , , , , and is unknown.
Disease associations
By serotype
DR1 is associated with seronegative-rheumatoid arthritis, penicillamine-induced myasthenia, and schizophrenia. DR1 is increased in patients with systemic sclerosis and arthritis and in ulcerative colitis with patients that have articular manifestations.
By allele
DRB1*01:01 is associated with rheumatoid arthritis, in anti-Jk(a) mediated hemolytic transfusion reactions, foliaceous pemphigus, HTLV-1-associated myelopathy/tropical spastic paraparesis, and lichen planus. In lyme disease arthritis, *01:01 appears to play a role in
presentation of triggering microbial antigens.
DRB1*01:02 is associated with rheumatoid arthritis, in anti-Jk(a) mediated hemolytic transfusion reactions, psoriasis vulgaris, and recurrent respiratory papillomatosis
DRB1*01:03 is associated with colonic Crohn's disease and ulcerative colitis.
By genotype
DRB1*01:01/*0404 and *01:01/*0401 increases risk of mortality in rheumatoid arthritis, with ischemic heart disease and smoking. these same genotypes are associated with rheumatoid vasculitis.
By haplotype
DRB1*01:02:DQB1*05:01 is associated with psoriasis vulgaris and tubulointerstitial nephritis & uveitis syndrome, but is relatively protective against juvenile |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Studio%20Nue | Studio Nue, Inc. () is a Japanese design studio formed in 1972 (as Crystal Art Studio) by Naoyuki Kato, Kenichi Matsuzaki, Kazutaka Miyatake, and Haruka Takachiho. Crystal Art Studio would change their name to Studio Nue in 1974.
They were known as the co-creators of the Macross franchise along with Artland (co-production of the first series) and Big West Advertising (financial funding).
Shōji Kawamori is a notable member of Studio Nue.
Filmography
Aero Troopers
Zero Tester
Chogattai Majutsu Robot Ginguiser
Chōdenji Robo Combattler V
Chōdenji Machine Voltes V
Space Battleship Yamato
Space Battleship Yamato II
Arcadia of My Youth
Techno Police 21C
The Super Dimension Fortress Macross
Crusher Joe
Dirty Pair
Super Dimension Century Orguss
Macross: Do You Remember Love?
The Super Dimension Fortress Macross: Flash Back 2012
Macross Plus
Macross 7
Macross Dynamite 7
Macross Zero
Macross Frontier
Armored Core series
Infinite Space
Macross Delta
Space Genie Daikengo
Miru
References
External links
Studio Nue profile at ZincPanic.com
Animation studios in Tokyo
Mass media companies based in Tokyo
Mass media companies established in 1972
Japanese companies established in 1972
Macross |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wackestone | Under the Dunham classification (Dunham, 1962) system of limestones, a wackestone is defined as a mud-supported carbonate rock that contains greater than 10% grains. Most recently, this definition has been clarified as a carbonate-dominated rock in which the carbonate mud (<63 μm) component supports a fabric comprising 10% or more very fine-sand grade (63 μm) or larger grains but where less than 10% of the rock is formed of grains larger than sand grade (>2 mm).
The identification of wackestone
A study of the adoption and use of carbonate classification systems by Lokier and Al Junaibi (2016) highlighted that the most common problem encountered when describing a wackestone is to incorrectly estimate the volume of 'grains' in the sample – in consequence, misidentifying wackestone as mudstone or vice versa. The original Dunham classification (1962) defined the matrix as clay and fine-silt size sediment <20 μm in diameter. This definition was redefined by Embry & Klovan (1971) to a grain size of less than or equal to 30 μm. Wright (1992) proposed a further increase to the upper limit for the matrix size in order to bring it into line with the upper limit for silt (62 μm).
References
External links
http://strata.geol.sc.edu/thinsections/Carbonate-glossary.html
Limestone |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Theaflavin-3-gallate | Theaflavin-3-gallate is a theaflavin derivative. It can be found in abundance in black tea and is produced during fermentation. It has been studied as a cancer-fighting chemical when combined with cisplatin against ovarian cancer cells. Consuming large amounts of black tea has been reported to reduce the effects of aging in female populations.
See also
List of phytochemicals in food
References
Thearubigins
Tropolones
Pyrogallols
Benzoate esters
Enediols |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Theaflavin%20digallate | Theaflavin digallate (TFDG) is an antioxidant natural phenol found in black tea, and a theaflavin derivative.
Health
TFDG is a scavenger of superoxide in vitro, even more so than EGCG.
Tea polyphenols including TFDG reduce angiogenesis, which is implicated in non-liquid cancers, an area of intense current research, by decreasing vascular endothelial growth factor production and receptor phosphorylation.
TFDG inhibits activity of the enzyme 3CLpro in vitro.
References
Thearubigins
Phenol antioxidants
SARS-CoV-2 main protease inhibitors |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Green%20box%20%28phreaking%29 | In Phreaking, the green box was a device whose function was to manipulate the coin collection mechanism of payphones. It employed three of the MF (multi-frequency) tones used in the blue box and could be viewed as a subset of that device.
Operation
There are three basic functions in a green box, and each one is activated with an MF tone. The green box's designers have noted that it is not possible to use the green box from the payphone being manipulated; it can only be used by the called party.
According to the text file "The Green Box" by "The Blue Buccaneer" and "The Tracker", each of these frequencies should be sounded for at least 900 milliseconds. Each should also be preceded with a 2600 Hz "wink", or an MF "8" symbol (900 Hz + 1500 Hz), of about 90 ms in duration, followed by about 60 ms of silence. Most software green boxes emulate this rather than the MF symbols alone.
History
The green box was first proposed in the newsletter TAP in 1981 by Ted Vail and Nick Haflinger. While others have written text files about this device, and numerous software tone generators exist which claim to emulate it, it is unknown if any physical devices were actually built (including by Vail and Haflinger). Despite this, any blue box could, with skillful timing on the part of its user, be used as a green box.
With the widespread phase-out of the ACTS signaling system, and indeed the long-completed phase-out of MF signaling in North America, the telephones for which this devic |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Brodimoprim | Brodimoprim is a structural derivative of trimethoprim. In brodimoprim, the 4-methoxy group of trimethoprim is replaced with a bromine atom.
As trimethoprim, brodimoprim is a selective inhibitor of bacterial dihydrofolate reductase.
References
Bacterial dihydrofolate reductase inhibitors
Aminopyrimidines
Resorcinol ethers
Bromoarenes |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2R%20hypothesis | The 2R hypothesis or Ohno's hypothesis, first proposed by Susumu Ohno in 1970, is a hypothesis that the genomes of the early vertebrate lineage underwent two complete genome duplications, and thus modern vertebrate genomes reflect paleopolyploidy. The name derives from the 2 rounds of duplication originally hypothesized by Ohno, but refined in a 1994 version, and the term 2R hypothesis was probably coined in 1999. Variations in the number and timings of genome duplications typically still are referred to as examples of the 2R hypothesis.
The 2R hypothesis has been the subject of much research and controversy; however, with growing support from genome data, including the human genome, the balance of opinion has shifted strongly in favour of support for the hypothesis. According to Karsten Hokamp, Aoife McLysaght and Kenneth H. Wolfe, the version of the genome duplication hypothesis from which 2R hypothesis takes its name appears in Holland et al. and the term was coined by Austin L. Hughes.
Ohno's argument
Ohno presented the first version of the 2R hypothesis as part of his larger argument for the general importance of gene duplication in evolution. Based on relative genome sizes and isozyme analysis, he suggested that ancestral fish or amphibians had undergone at least one and possibly more cases of "tetraploid evolution". He later added to this argument the evidence that most paralogous genes in vertebrates do not demonstrate genetic linkage. Ohno argued that linkage sh |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Limbin | Limbin (LBN) is a protein that is part of the EvC complex that consists of EvC and EvC2 genes, the activity of which is critical in bone formation and skeletal development. The complex positively regulates ciliary Hedgehog (Hh) signaling due to the ciliary localization.
A mutation in these genes is associated with The Ellis-van Creveld (EvC) syndrome. EvC or otherwise known as Chondroestodermal dysplasia is a disorder inherited by the offspring of carriers of the mutated recessive gene and a non-mutated dominant gene leading to expression of chondrodysplasia and dwarfism. Bone growth occurs due to continuous proliferation and differentiation of chondrocytes along with endochondral ossification at both ends of a long bone. The mutations in LBN cause premature termination of encoded proteins resulting in shortening of long bones.
Other characteristics accredited to a mutation in LBN include difficulty breathing due to shorted ribs, shortened tongue, dysplastic fingernails, and postaxial polydactyly.
References
External links |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/EVC%20%28gene%29 | EVC is a gene associated with Ellis–Van Creveld syndrome. It overlaps with the CRMP1 gene.
EVC is one of two genes (the other being EVC2) that upon mutation give rise to EvC (Ellis-van Creveld) syndrome in humans and is found to act as a positive mediator for three hedgehog (Hh) signaling molecules. Mice with an inactivation of the EVC gene (EVC −/−) were found to exhibit similar physical characteristics as humans, such as shortened limbs and dental impairments. In a study of 65 individuals affected with EvC, mutations in the EVC gene were found in 20 of them, and primarily attributed to a frameshift resulting in a nonsense codon. More mild physical characteristics not completely associated with EvC syndrome, such as those without the expected oral deformities can also be attributed to EVC gene mutations.
See also
Leucine zipper
References
External links |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Crystal%20Grottoes | Crystal Grottoes is the only show cave in the U.S. state of Maryland. It is located on Maryland Route 34 between Boonsboro and Antietam National Battlefield.
History
Crystal Grottoes was discovered in 1920 in the course of quarrying operations by a road construction crew trying to obtain gravel. A drill bit (for placing explosives) disappeared into a hole, and the crew realized they had found a cave. Blasting produced the entrance which is still used, and in 1922 the cave was opened to the public. A mapping operation in 1968 revealed about a half mile of passages, but only about one third of the cave is accessed during the tour, which takes about 30–35 minutes.
Geology
Crystal Grottoes is an example of a solutional cave, formed in a karst environment within a synclinal occurrence of Tomstown Dolomite. The cave is essentially horizontal throughout its extent and the passages are typically high and narrow. A great deal of brown and red clay fills most of the cave to a considerable extent; the commercial tour routes involved the removal of up to of this clay in of the passages. Sediment fills many of the undeveloped passages to within a foot or two of the ceiling, thereby making many crawlways. No streams exist in the cave, although a small "lake" or pool is maintained by drip water.
Description
Most of the rooms abound in speleothem formations, generally stalactites, flowstone, and columns. They are typically white or buff, with one area (called Fairyland) tinted a ligh |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Age%20regression%20in%20therapy | Age regression in therapy is a psycho-therapeutic process that aims to facilitate access to childhood memories, thoughts, and feelings. Age regression can be induced by hypnotherapy, which is a process where patients move their focus to memories of an earlier stage of life in order to explore these memories or to access difficult aspects of their personality.
Age regression has become controversial both inside and outside of the therapeutic community, with many cases involving alleged child abuse, alien abduction, rape, and other traumatic incidents subsequently being discredited.
The notion of age regression is central to attachment therapy, whose proponents believe that a child who has missed out on their developmental stages can be made to experience those stages at a later age by a variety of techniques. Many of these techniques are intensely physical and confrontational, and include forced holding of eye contact, sometimes while being required to access traumatic memories of past neglect or abuse. Extreme emotions such as rage or fear may be simultaneously induced.
Occasionally, 'rebirthing' has been used with tragic results. Accompanying parenting techniques may use bottle feeding and systems of complete control by the parent over the child's basic needs, including toileting and water.
Definition
Age regression in therapy is also referred to as hypnotic age regression. This is a hypnosis technique utilized by hypnotherapists to help patients remember the percepti |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Daniel%20Sanchez%20%28French%20footballer%29 | Daniel Sanchez (born 21 November 1953) is a French football manager and former professional player who played as a striker.
Managerial statistics
References
External links
Profile
Profile
1953 births
Living people
French people of Spanish descent
French sportspeople of Moroccan descent
People from Oujda
French men's footballers
Men's association football forwards
OGC Nice players
Paris Saint-Germain F.C. players
FC Mulhouse players
AS Saint-Étienne players
AS Cannes players
Ligue 1 players
French football managers
OGC Nice managers
Tours FC managers
Valenciennes FC managers
Nagoya Grampus managers
Club Africain football managers
Ligue 1 managers
J1 League managers
Tunisian Ligue Professionnelle 1 managers
French expatriate football managers
French expatriate sportspeople in Japan
French expatriate sportspeople in Tunisia
Expatriate football managers in Japan
Expatriate football managers in Tunisia |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Normal%20plane | A normal plane may refer to
The plane perpendicular to the tangent vector of a space curve; see Frenet–Serret formulas.
One of the planes containing the normal vector of a surface; see Normal plane (geometry).
A term involving gears; see list of gear nomenclature.
See also
Normal bundle
Normal section |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jerahl%20Hughes | Jerahl Hughes (born 10 August 1989) is an English footballer who plays as a winger.
The winger, born in Brighton, was a product of Crystal Palace's youth academy, and played a major role in their run in the FA Youth Cup in 2007. In March 2007 he was taken on trial by Yeovil Town, and the Somerset club signed him permanently for the 2007–08 season. At Yeovil, however, he was restricted to just one appearance in the Football League, and was eventually loaned out to Worthing before being released at the end of the season. He was subsequently signed by Andy Hessenthaler, manager of Dover Athletic, after a successful trial. However, after travelling issues took their toll, Hughes left Dover by mutual consent in December 2009.
External links
1989 births
Living people
Footballers from Brighton
English men's footballers
Men's association football wingers
Crystal Palace F.C. players
Yeovil Town F.C. players
Worthing F.C. players
Dover Athletic F.C. players
Whitehawk F.C. players
WaiBOP United players
Hamilton Wanderers AFC players
English Football League players
National League (English football) players
Isthmian League players
New Zealand Football Championship players |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wilkes%20%28surname%29 | Wilkes is a surname of English origin. Its origin is as a variant of the name William. At the time of the British Census of 1881 Wilkes Surname at Forebears, its relative frequency was highest in Staffordshire (9.5 times the British average), followed by Worcestershire, Shropshire, Warwickshire, Flintshire, Gloucestershire, Herefordshire, Montgomeryshire and Anglesey. In all other British counties, its relative frequency was below national average. The name Wilkes may refer to:
Albert Wilkes (1874–1936), English sports photographer and football (soccer) player
Alice Wilkes, lady in waiting to Queen Katherine Howard
Alexander Wilkes (1900–1937), English cricketer
Belinda Wilkes, English astrophysicist
Benjamin Wilkes (died c.1749), British entomological painter
Brent A. Wilkes, executive director of the League of United Latin American Citizens
Brent R. Wilkes (born 1954), American defense contractor
Carissa Wilkes (born 1986), New Zealand road cyclist
Cathy Wilkes (born 1966), Northern Ireland artist
Charles Wilkes (1798–1877), American naval officer and explorer
Dave Wilkes (born 1964), English professional football player
Debbi Wilkes (born 1946), Canadian figure skater and author of books on figure skating
Del Wilkes (born 1961), American wrestler
Donald E. Wilkes Jr. (1944–2019), American professor of law
Donna Wilkes (born 1959), American film actress
Faas Wilkes (1923–2006), Dutch football (soccer) player
Frank Wilkes (1922–2015), Australian politician
Frederick Wilk |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Genetic%20Algorithm%20for%20Rule%20Set%20Production | Genetic Algorithm for Rule Set Production (GARP) is a computer program based on genetic algorithm that creates ecological niche models for species. The generated models describe environmental conditions (precipitation, temperatures, elevation, etc.) under which the species should be able to maintain populations. As input, local observations of species and related environmental parameters are used which describe potential limits of the species' capabilities to survive. Such environmental parameters are commonly stored in geographical information systems. A GARP model is a random set of mathematical rules which can be read as limiting environmental conditions. Each rule is considered as a gene; the set of genes is combined in random ways to further generate many possible models describing the potential of the species to occur.
See also
Environmental niche modelling
References
Stockwell, D. R. B. 1999. Genetic algorithms II. Pages 123–144 in A. H. Fielding, editor. Machine learning methods for ecological applications. Kluwer Academic Publishers, Boston
Stockwell, D. R. B., and D. G. Peters. 1999. The GARP modelling system: Problems and solutions to automated spatial prediction. International Journal of Geographic Information Systems 13:143–158
Software
OpenModeller – (related GARP page)
Lifemapper
Machine learning algorithms |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/CLAW%20hypothesis | The CLAW hypothesis proposes a negative feedback loop that operates between ocean ecosystems and the Earth's climate. The hypothesis specifically proposes that particular phytoplankton that produce dimethyl sulfide are responsive to variations in climate forcing, and that these responses act to stabilise the temperature of the Earth's atmosphere. The CLAW hypothesis was originally proposed by Robert Jay Charlson, James Lovelock, Meinrat Andreae and Stephen G. Warren, and takes its acronym from the first letter of their surnames.
CLAW hypothesis
The hypothesis describes a feedback loop that begins with an increase in the available energy from the sun acting to increase the growth rates of phytoplankton by either a physiological effect (due to elevated temperature) or enhanced photosynthesis (due to increased irradiance). Certain phytoplankton, such as coccolithophorids, synthesise dimethylsulfoniopropionate (DMSP), and their enhanced growth increases the production of this osmolyte. In turn, this leads to an increase in the concentration of its breakdown product, dimethyl sulfide (DMS), first in seawater, and then in the atmosphere. DMS is oxidised in the atmosphere to form sulfur dioxide, and this leads to the production of sulfate aerosols. These aerosols act as cloud condensation nuclei and increase cloud droplet number, which in turn elevate the liquid water content of clouds and cloud area. This acts to increase cloud albedo, leading to greater reflection of inci |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/The%20Crystal%20Snare | "The Crystal Snare" is a BBC Books adventure book written by Richard Dungworth and is based on the long-running British science fiction television series Doctor Who.
It features the Tenth Doctor and Martha.
This is part of the Decide Your Destiny series which makes you choose what happens in the books.
Reception
The book received some cautiously positive reviews, which also highlight that it is the range's first book not to be set in the future.
It was part of a second set of four books, which were successful enough to allow the range to continue.
References
2007 British novels
2007 science fiction novels
Decide Your Destiny gamebooks
Tenth Doctor novels |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/GAL4/UAS%20system | The GAL4-UAS system is a biochemical method used to study gene expression and function in organisms such as the fruit fly. It is based on the finding by Hitoshi Kakidani and Mark Ptashne, and Nicholas Webster and Pierre Chambon in 1988 that Gal4 binding to UAS sequences activates gene expression. The method was introduced into flies by Andrea Brand and Norbert Perrimon in 1993 and is considered a powerful technique for studying the expression of genes. The system has two parts: the Gal4 gene, encoding the yeast transcription activator protein Gal4, and the UAS (Upstream Activation Sequence), an enhancer to which GAL4 specifically binds to activate gene transcription.
Overview
The Gal4 system allows separation of the problems of defining which cells express a gene or protein and what the experimenter wants to do with this knowledge. Geneticists have created genetic variants of model organisms (typically fruit flies), called GAL4 lines, each of which expresses GAL4 in some subset of the animal's tissues. For example, some lines might express GAL4 only in muscle cells, or only in nerves, or only in the antennae, and so on. For fruit flies in particular, there are tens of thousands of such lines, with the most useful expressing GAL4 in only a very specific subset of the animal—perhaps, for example, only those neurons that connect two specific compartments of the fly's brain. The presence of GAL4, by itself, in these cells has little or no effect, since GAL4's main effect is to |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/D-amino%20acid%20oxidase%20activator | D-amino acid oxidase activator (DAOA, also known as G72) is a protein enriched in various parts of brain, spinal cord, and testis. DAOA is thought to interact with D-amino acid oxidase, a peroxisomal enzyme, and its gene was associated with schizophrenia in a number of studies. In separate studies it has been shown to confer susceptibility to bipolar disorder. Therefore, it has been important in researching whether the Kraepelinian dichotomy is genuine. The gene itself was discovered during an investigation of chromosomal 13q22-q34 region, which was previously linked to schizophrenia. G72 is transcribed into several proteins due to alternative splicing; the longest protein is called LG72 and consists of 153 amino acids. Although the protein was initially found to interact with DAO in yeast 2-hybrid experiment, one recent in vivo experiment showed LG72 presence only in mitochondria and failed to confirm the interaction.
See also
DAOA-AS1
References
External links
From schizophrenia research forum website:
G72 Protein Shows Up in Mitochondria
Genetic Studies of DAOA(G72)/G30 Bridge Kraepelinian Divide
Proteins
Biology of bipolar disorder |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/T36 | T-36 or T36 may refer to:
T36 (classification), a disability sport classification
Beechcraft XT-36, an American trainer aircraft
ENAER T-36 Halcón, a Spanish jet training aircraft
, a submarine tender of the Royal Navy
Self-propelled barge T-36, a Soviet barge
Yaominami Station, Osaka, Japan |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Folded%20spectrum%20method | In mathematics, the folded spectrum method (FSM) is an iterative method for solving large eigenvalue problems.
Here you always find a vector with an eigenvalue close to a search-value . This means you can get a vector in the middle of the spectrum without solving the matrix.
, with and the Identity matrix.
In contrast to the Conjugate gradient method, here the gradient calculates by twice multiplying matrix
Literature
https://web.archive.org/web/20070806144253/http://www.sst.nrel.gov/topics/nano/escan.html
Numerical linear algebra |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Evolutionary%20invasion%20analysis | Evolutionary invasion analysis, also known as adaptive dynamics, is a set of mathematical modeling techniques that use differential equations to study the long-term evolution of traits in asexually and sexually reproducing populations. It rests on the following three assumptions about mutation and population dynamics:
Mutations are infrequent. The population can be assumed to be at equilibrium when a new mutant arises.
The number of individuals with the mutant trait is initially negligible in the large, established resident population.
Mutant phenotypes are only slightly different from the resident phenotype.
Evolutionary invasion analysis makes it possible to identify conditions on model parameters for which the mutant population dies out, replaces the resident population, and/or coexists with the resident population. Long-term coexistence of the two phenotypes is known as evolutionary branching. When branching occurs, the mutant establishes itself as a second resident in the environment.
Central to evolutionary invasion analysis is the mutant's invasion fitness. This is a mathematical expression for the long-term exponential growth rate of the mutant subpopulation when it is introduced into the resident population in small numbers. If the invasion fitness is positive (in continuous time), the mutant population can grow in the environment set by the resident phenotype. If the invasion fitness is negative, the mutant population swiftly goes extinct.
Introduction and ba |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rothmund%E2%80%93Thomson%20syndrome | Rothmund–Thomson syndrome (RTS) is a rare autosomal recessive skin condition.
There have been several reported cases associated with osteosarcoma. A hereditary basis, mutations in the DNA helicase RECQL4 gene, causing problems during initiation of DNA replication has been implicated in the syndrome.
Signs and symptoms
Sun-sensitive rash with prominent poikiloderma and telangiectasias
Juvenile cataracts
Saddle nose
Congenital bone defects, including short stature and radial ray anomalies such as absent thumbs
Hair growth problems (absent eyelashes, eyebrows and/or hair)
Hypogonadism has not been well documented
Hypodontia
Calcium problems (not documented in journals)
Ear problems (not documented in journals but identified by patients in support groups)
Produces osteosarcoma
The skin is normal at birth. Between 3 and 6 months of age, the affected carrier develops poikiloderma on the cheeks. This characteristic "rash" that all RTS carriers have can develop on the arms, legs and buttocks. "Poikiloderma consists of areas of increased and decreased pigmentation, prominent blood vessels, and thinning of the skin."
Accelerated aging
In humans, individuals with RTS, and carrying the RECQL4 germline mutation, can have several clinical features of accelerated aging. These features include atrophic skin and pigment changes, alopecia, osteopenia, cataracts and an increased incidence of cancer. Also in mice, RECQL4 mutants show features of accelerated aging.
Causes
RTS |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/FOXP1 | Forkhead box protein P1 is a protein that in humans is encoded by the FOXP1 gene. FOXP1 is necessary for the proper development of the brain, heart, and lung in mammals. It is a member of the large FOX family of transcription factors.
Function
This gene belongs to subfamily P of the forkhead box (FOX) transcription factor family. Forkhead box transcription factors play important roles in the regulation of tissue- and cell type-specific gene transcription during both development and adulthood. Forkhead box P1 protein contains both DNA-binding- and protein-protein binding-domains. This gene may act as a tumor suppressor as it is lost in several tumor types and maps to a chromosomal region (3p14.1) reported to contain a tumor suppressor gene(s). Alternative splicing results in multiple transcript variants encoding different isoforms.
Foxp1 is a transcription factor; specifically it is a transcriptional repressor. Fox genes are part of a forkhead DNA-binding domain family. This domain binds to sequences in promoters and enhancers of many genes. Foxp1 regulates a variety of important aspects of development including tissue development of: the lungs, brain, thymus and heart. In the heart Foxp1 has 3 vital roles, these include the regulation of cardiac myocyte maturation and proliferation, outflow tract separation of the pulmonary artery and aorta, and expression of Sox4 in cushions and myocardium. Foxp1 is also an important gene in muscle development of the esophagus and e |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Neurorobotics | Neurorobotics is the combined study of neuroscience, robotics, and artificial intelligence. It is the science and technology of embodied autonomous neural systems. Neural systems include brain-inspired algorithms (e.g. connectionist networks), computational models of biological neural networks (e.g. artificial spiking neural networks, large-scale simulations of neural microcircuits) and actual biological systems (e.g. in vivo and in vitro neural nets). Such neural systems can be embodied in machines with mechanic or any other forms of physical actuation. This includes robots, prosthetic or wearable systems but also, at smaller scale, micro-machines and, at the larger scales, furniture and infrastructures.
Neurorobotics is that branch of neuroscience with robotics, which deals with the study and application of science and technology of embodied autonomous neural systems like brain-inspired algorithms. It is based on the idea that the brain is embodied and the body is embedded in the environment. Therefore, most neurorobots are required to function in the real world, as opposed to a simulated environment.
Beyond brain-inspired algorithms for robots neurorobotics may also involve the design of brain-controlled robot systems.
Major classes of models
Neurorobots can be divided into various major classes based on the robot's purpose. Each class is designed to implement a specific mechanism of interest for study. Common types of neurorobots are those used to study motor control, |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/RDNA | RDNA or rDNA may stand for:
ribosomal DNA, DNA sequence that codes for ribosomal RNA
recombinant DNA, DNA molecules
RDNA (microarchitecture), Radeon DNA, a GPU architecture by AMD
Reformed Druids of North America, an American Neo-Druidic organization |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/UTY | UTY may refer to:
UHF Television Yamanashi, Japanese broadcast network affiliated with the JNN
UTY (gene), histone demethylase UTY, enzyme that in humans is encoded by the UTY gene |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Australian%20Stem%20Cell%20Centre | The Australian Stem Cell Centre is an Australian medical research and development centre which focuses on regenerative medicine through the use of stem cells. Founded in 2003, the Centre is the National Biotechnology Centre of Excellence and has received over $100 million in funding in recent years. It is Australia's premier stem cell research organisation.
In June 2008, the Centre announced that it had begun working on induced pluripotent (iPS) cells (human embryonic stem cells, artificially created without human eggs or embryos). This was the first time in Australia that such research had been carried out, and the first time that scientists had worked on this type of stem cell outside the US or Japan.
It is based at Monash Science Technology Research and Innovation Precinct and was founded by nine leading Australian universities and medical research institutes.
One of the founders of the Centre is Dr Alan Trounson, a Monash scientist who was part of the team that delivered Australia's first IVF baby in 1980. Trounson has also made several ground-breaking discoveries in stem cell research. In 2000, Trounson led the team of scientists which first reported nerve stem cells derived from embryonic stem cells, which led to a dramatic increase in interest in the potential of stem cell research.
See also
Australian Regenerative Medicine Institute
Health in Australia
References
External links
Official website redirected here in 2014: http://www.stemcellfoundation.net.au/
Aus |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Windt | Windt is a German and Dutch surname.
Geographical distribution
As of 2014, 33.2% of all known bearers of the surname Windt were residents of Germany (frequency 1:71,441), 20.2% of the United States (1:528,918), 16.6% of South Africa (1:96,211), 16.4% of the Netherlands (1:30,417), 2.0% of Hungary (1:144,359) and 1.2% of Australia (1:566,045), 1.2% of Austria (1:207,667), 1.1% of Canada (1:968,369), 1.1% of Brazil (1:5,527,357), 1.0% of Sweden (1:289,611) and 1.0% of Romania (1:608,420).
In Germany, the frequency of the surname was higher than national average (1:71,441) in the following states:
1. Bremen (1:12,201)
2. Hamburg (1:22,923)
3. Lower Saxony (1:29,509)
4. Saxony-Anhalt (1:33,284)
5. Schleswig-Holstein (1:60,962)
6. Hesse (1:62,357)
7. North Rhine-Westphalia (1:62,443)
In the Netherlands, the frequency of the surname was higher than national average (1:30,417) in the following provinces:
1. Groningen (1:6,174)
2. North Holland (1:15,924)
3. Flevoland (1:16,656)
4. Drenthe (1:20,150)
5. Gelderland (1:28,367)
People
Chris van der Windt (1877-1952), Dutch painter
Harry de Windt (1856-1933), French travel writer
Henny van der Windt (1955- ), Dutch ecologist
Herbert Windt (1894-1965), German composer
Katja Windt (1969- ), German mechanical engineer
Peter Windt (1973- ), Dutch field hockey player
Pierre de Windt (1983- ), Aruban athlete
Kramies Windt (1974- ), American music, composer, songwriter
References
German-language surnames
Dutch-language surname |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Methanocalculus | Methanocalculus is a genus of the Methanomicrobiales, and is known to include methanogens.
The genome of Methanocalculus is somewhat different from other genera of methanogenic archaea, with less than 90% 16S ribosomal RNA similarity. The species within Methanocalculus also have a greater tolerance to salt than other microorganisms, and they can live at salt concentrations as high as 125 g/L. Some species within Methanocalculus are neutrophiles, and Methanocalculus natronophilus, discovered in 2013, is a strict alkaliphile.
Nomenclature
The name "Methanocalculus" has Latin roots: "methano" for methane and "calculus" for gravel. Overall, it means gravel-shaped organism that produces methane.
Phylogeny
The currently accepted taxonomy is based on the List of Prokaryotic names with Standing in Nomenclature (LPSN) and National Center for Biotechnology Information (NCBI).
See also
List of Archaea genera
References
Further reading
Scientific journals
Scientific books
Scientific databases
External links
Methanocalculus at BacDive - the Bacterial Diversity Metadatabase
Archaea genera
Euryarchaeota |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Imre%20Csisz%C3%A1r | Imre Csiszár () is a Hungarian mathematician with contributions to information theory
and probability theory. In 1996 he won the Claude E. Shannon Award, the highest annual
award given in the field of information theory.
He was born on 7 February 1938 in Miskolc, Hungary. He became interested in mathematics
in middle school. He was inspired by his father who was a forest engineer and was among the first to use mathematical techniques in his area.
He studied mathematics at the Eötvös Loránd University, Budapest, and received his Diploma in 1961. He got his PhD in 1967 and the scientific degree Doctor of Mathematical Science in 1977.
Later, he was influenced by Alfréd Rényi, who was very active in the area of probability theory. In 1990 he was elected Corresponding Member of the Hungarian Academy of Sciences, and in 1995 he became Full Member. Professor Csiszar has been with the Mathematical Institute of the Hungarian
Academy of Sciences since 1961. He has been Head of the Information Theory Group there since 1968, and presently he is Head of the Stochastics Department. He is also Professor of Mathematics at the L. Eotvos University, Budapest. He has held Visiting Professorships at various universities including Bielefeld University, Germany (1981), University of Maryland, College Park (several times, last in 1992), Stanford University (1982), University of Virginia (1985–86), etc. He has been Visiting Researcher at the University of Tokyo in 1988, and at NTT, Japan, in 19 |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/STOIC | STOIC (Stack-Oriented Interactive Compiler) is a 1970s programming language, a variant of Forth.
History
STOIC started out at the MIT and Harvard Biomedical Engineering Centre in Boston, (part of the Health, Science and Technology Division) and was written in the mid 1970s by Jonathan Sachs. Jonathan Sachs went on to be the principal programmer of Lotus Development and wrote the first version of Lotus 1-2-3.
The original version of STOIC was written on a Data General Nova minicomputer and cross-assembled for the 8080. STOIC came with its own primitive but effective file system, and could be booted up with little preliminary work on any 8080-based microprocessor with 24K of memory and a Teletype machine. After the source was released into the public domain, the system was subsequently modified to run under CP/M.
STOIC was said at the time to be conceptually similar to FORTH in the use of an extensible vocabulary of "words". STOIC is actually a rational, and more consistent, dialect of FORTH . The system was remarkable at the time for having a built-in assembler, floating-point package, interrupt handler, and display editor (similar to the Nova display editor). The source, and documentation, was distributed for many years by the CP/M Users Group. As a practical development system, it compared favourably with contemporary implementations of FORTH, and went on to be used extensively for the development of applications. A portable version written in C was placed in the publi |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Woodsiaceae | Woodsiaceae is a family of ferns. In the Pteridophyte Phylogeny Group classification of 2016 (PPG I), it is placed in the suborder Aspleniineae. The family can also be treated as the subfamily Woodsioideae of a very broadly defined family Aspleniaceae sensu lato. In PPG I, the family contained only one genus, Woodsia. In 2020, Physematium was split off from Woodsia on the basis of molecular phylogenetic evidence. , Plants of the World Online continued to treat Physematium as a synonym of Woodsia.
Taxonomy
Woodsiaceae formerly included the members of the families Athyriaceae and Diplaziopsidaceae, but analysis has consistently shown that they should be treated as separate families. The following cladogram for the suborder Aspleniineae (as eupolypods II), based on Lehtonen (2011), and Rothfels et al. (2012), shows a likely phylogenetic relationship between the Woodsiaceae and the other families of the Aspleniineae.
A molecular phylogenetic study published in 2020 largely confirmed the position of the family. It included 122 accessions representing about 43 species then placed in the sole genus Woodsia. It showed that Woodsia was deeply divided into two clades, which the authors recognized as two genera Physematium and Woodsia.
Genera
, World Ferns accepted three genera:
Physematium Kaulf.
Woodsia R.Br.
[[× Woodsimatium|× Woodsimatium]] Li Bing Zhang, N.T.Lu & X.F.Gao = Woodsia × PhysematiumDistribution
Species of Woodsia are native to northern North America and Eurasia, and |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2007%20Australian%20Lacrosse%20League%20season | Results and statistics for the Australian Lacrosse League season of 2007.
Game 22
Saturday, 20 October 2007, Melbourne, Victoria
Goalscorers:
Vic: Nick LeGuen 4-1, Jake Egan 2, Blair Pepperell 2, Clinton Lander 0-1, John Tokarua 0-1.
SA: Anson Carter 3, Leigh Perham 1-3, Wes Green 1, Stefan Guerin 1, Brock Pettigrove 1.
Game 23
Sunday, 21 October 2007, Melbourne, Victoria
Goalscorers:
Vic: Nick LeGuen 3-2, Blair Pepperell 2, Andrew Whitbourn 2, Clinton Lander 1-2, Sam Bullock 1-1, Jake Egan 1, Adam Townley 1, Ben Waite 1, Aaron Onofretchook 0-2, Alistair Gloutnay 0-1.
SA: Kieren Lennox 2, Will Pickett 2, Leigh Perham 1-3, Chris Averay 1-1, Anson Carter 1-1, Ryan Gaspari 1, Stefan Guerin 1, Brock Pettigrove 1.
Game 24
Friday, 26 October 2007, Adelaide, South Australia
Goalscorers:
SA: Chris Averay 2-2, Anson Carter 2-1, Leigh Perham 1-1, Stefan Guerin 1, Kieren Lennox 1, Jason MacKinnon 1, Brock Pettigrove 1, Will Pickett 1, Ryan Stone 1.
WA: Wayne Curran 6, Kim Delfs 3-1, Jesse Stack 1-2, Jason Battaglia 1, Blair Coggan 1, Brad Goddard 1, James Watson-Galbraith 1, Mark Whiteman 0-1.
Game 25
Saturday, 27 October 2007, Adelaide, South Australia
Goalscorers:
SA: Anson Carter 4, Leigh Perham 3, Chris Averay 1-2, Ryan Gaspari 1, Jack Woodford 0-1.
WA: Kim Delfs 4-3, Jesse Stack 4-1, Brad Goddard 3, Wayne Curran 2-1, Adam Delfs 1, Ben Tippett 1, James Watson-Galbraith 0-2, Mark Whiteman 0-1.
Game 26
Friday, 2 November 2007, Perth, Western Australia
Goalscorers:
WA: W |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Yasutomi%20Nishizuka | was a prominent Japanese biochemist and made important contributions to the understanding of molecular mechanism of signal transduction across the cell membrane.
In 1977, he discovered protein kinase C, which plays significant roles in a variety of intracellular signal transduction processes.
He was elected as a foreign member of the Royal Society (ForMemRS) in 1990 and as a member of the Japan Academy (MJA) in 1991.
Birth and education
Nishizuka was born in 1932 at Ashiya-city in Japan. He obtained his medical degree in 1957 from the Faculty of Medicine, Kyoto University. Then, he completed his PhD in Medical Chemistry in 1962 from the same university under the supervision of Osamu Hayaishi who was a famous medical researcher in Japan at that time.
After completing his studies in Japan, he spent one year as a postdoctoral fellow in Fritz Lipmann's laboratory at the Rockefeller University.
Academic career
Nishizuka was a research associate from 1962 to 1964, and an associate professor from 1964 to 1968 at Department of Medical Chemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Kyoto University.
From 1969 to 2001, he was the Professor and Chairman of the Department of Biochemistry, School of Medicine, Kobe University. He also served as the 11th president of the same university from 1995 to 2001. He led several medical students who later became leading figures in medical sciences, including Shinya Yamanaka, the 2012 Nobel Laureate, who developed induced pluripotent stem cells.
Research c |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Serdar%20%C3%96zkan | Serdar Özkan (born 1 January 1987) is a Turkish professional footballer who plays as a winger.
Career statistics
References
External links
1987 births
People from Düzce
Living people
Turkish men's footballers
Turkey men's youth international footballers
Turkey men's under-21 international footballers
Turkey men's international footballers
Men's association football midfielders
Beşiktaş J.K. footballers
İstanbulspor footballers
Akçaabat Sebatspor footballers
Samsunspor footballers
Galatasaray S.K. footballers
MKE Ankaragücü footballers
Şanlıurfaspor footballers
Elazığspor footballers
Sivasspor footballers
Eskişehirspor footballers
Antalyaspor footballers
Gençlerbirliği S.K. footballers
Bursaspor footballers
Adanaspor footballers
Süper Lig players
TFF First League players |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/K%C3%BCssner%20effect | In fluid dynamics, the Küssner effect describes the unsteady aerodynamic forces on an airfoil or hydrofoil caused by encountering a transverse gust. This is directly related to the Küssner function, used in describing the effect. Both the effect and function are named after Hans Georg Küssner (1900–1984), a German aerodynamics engineer.
Küssner derived an approximate model for an airfoil encountering a sudden step-like change in the transverse gust velocity; or, equivalently, as seen from a frame of reference moving with the airfoil: a sudden change in the angle of attack. The airfoil is modelled as a flat plate in a potential flow, moving with constant horizontal velocity. For this case he derived the impulse response function (known as Küssner function) needed to compute the unsteady lift and moment exerted by the air on the airfoil.
Notes
References
H.G. Küssner (1937), "Flügel- und Leitwerkflattern" (in German)
H.G. Küssner (1940), "Der schwingende Flügel mit aerodynamisch ausgeglichenem Ruder" (in German)
H.G. Küssner (1940), "Allgemeine Tragflächentheorie" (in German)
Page 3
External links
Page 13.
Aerodynamics
Aerospace engineering
Aircraft wing design
Fluid dynamics |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ostrowski%E2%80%93Hadamard%20gap%20theorem | In mathematics, the Ostrowski–Hadamard gap theorem is a result about the analytic continuation of complex power series whose non-zero terms are of orders that have a suitable "gap" between them. Such a power series is "badly behaved" in the sense that it cannot be extended to be an analytic function anywhere on the boundary of its disc of convergence. The result is named after the mathematicians Alexander Ostrowski and Jacques Hadamard.
Statement of the theorem
Let 0 < p1 < p2 < ... be a sequence of integers such that, for some λ > 1 and all j ∈ N,
Let (αj)j∈N be a sequence of complex numbers such that the power series
has radius of convergence 1. Then no point z with |z| = 1 is a regular point for f; i.e. f cannot be analytically extended from the open unit disc D to any larger open set—not even to a single point on the boundary of D.
See also
Lacunary function
Fabry gap theorem
References
External links
Mathematical series
Theorems in complex analysis |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Glucagon%20receptor%20family | The glucagon receptor family is a group of closely related G-protein coupled receptors which include:
Glucagon receptor
Glucagon-like peptide 1 receptor
Glucagon-like peptide 2 receptor
Gastric inhibitory polypeptide receptor
The first three receptors bind closely related peptide hormones (glucagon, glucagon-like peptide-1, glucagon-like peptide-2) derived from the proglucagon polypeptide. The last receptor binds gastric inhibitory polypeptide.
References
External links
G protein-coupled receptors |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/KMAJ-FM | KMAJ-FM, branded as Majic 107.7, is a radio station serving Topeka, Kansas and vicinity with an adult contemporary format. It operates on FM frequency 107.7 MHz and is under ownership of Cumulus Media.
History
KMAJ-FM signed on in 1971 as easy listening outlet KSWT "K-Sweet". The music all played from large 10-inch reels of tape, while the rest of the programming elements came from cart carousels within a Harris automation system. There was no "live" announcer in the early years.
In 1981, KSWT became KMAJ and rebranded as "Magic 108".
Each year, KMAJ plays Christmas music, 24/7 leading into the holiday. In 2013, it flipped earlier, starting it on the evening of the 15th, as the first station in Kansas to air the music during the holidays. In 2017 the station flipped on November 16. In 2020, during the pandemic, the station flipped all Christmas on November 10.
On-Air line up consists of Shawn Knight & Danielle Norwood "Knight & Norwood" host the Majic Morning Show. John Tesh has been in mid-days since 2015. Amber Lee currently does afternoons and has been on-air since 2014 and serves as Program Director of KMAJ-FM.
Long time morning hosts John Lee Hooker & Mike Manns retired in 2018 after 32 years on-air together.
See also
KMAJ (AM)
References
External links
Official Site
Mainstream adult contemporary radio stations in the United States
MAJ-FM
Radio stations established in 1971
1971 establishments in Kansas
Cumulus Media radio stations |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Glycogen%20phosphorylase%20isoenzyme%20BB | Glycogen phosphorylase isoenzyme BB (abbreviation: GPBB) is an isoenzyme of glycogen phosphorylase. This isoform of the enzyme exists in cardiac (heart) and brain tissue.
The enzyme is one of the "new cardiac markers" which are discussed to improve early diagnosis in acute coronary syndrome. A rapid rise in blood levels can be seen in myocardial infarction and unstable angina.
Other enzymes related to glycogen phosphorylase are abbreviated as GPLL (liver) and GPMM (muscle).
References
Cardiology
Blood tests
de:Glycogenphosphorylase#Glycogenphosphorylase BB |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List%20of%20career%20achievements%20by%20Jack%20Nicklaus | This page details statistics, records, and other achievements pertaining to championship golfer Jack Nicklaus.
Major championships
Wins (18)
1Defeated Palmer in 18-hole playoff; Nicklaus (71), Palmer (74).
2Defeated Jacobs (2nd) & Brewer (3rd) in 18-hole playoff; Nicklaus (70), Jacobs (72), Brewer (78). 1st, 2nd and 3rd prizes awarded in this playoff.
3Defeated Sanders in 18-hole playoff; Nicklaus (72), Sanders (73).
Records and trivia
In a span of 25 years, from 1962 (age 22) to 1986 (age 46), Nicklaus won 18 professional major championships. This is the most any player has won in his career.
Nicklaus held sole possession of the lead after 54 holes of a major championship on eight occasions and won each in regulation.
Nicklaus won 10 of 12 major championships when having the lead outright or tied for the lead after 54 holes and won eight times when trailing after 54 holes.
In the above-referenced 20 major championships where Nicklaus either won (18) or finished in second place (2), he was a combined 30 strokes under par in final round scoring.
In 18 professional major championship victories, Nicklaus shot 56 rounds at even par or below.
Nicklaus won two major championships in a season on five occasions (1963, 1966, 1972, 1975, and 1980).
Nicklaus won at least one major championship in four consecutive years (1970–1973).
Nicklaus is one of five players (along with Gene Sarazen, Ben Hogan, Gary Player, and Tiger Woods) to have won all four professional major championship |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/The%20Lieutenant | The Lieutenant is an American television series, the first created by Gene Roddenberry. It aired on NBC on Saturday evenings in the 1963–1964 television schedule. It was produced by Arena Productions, one of Metro-Goldwyn-Mayer's most successful in-house production companies of the 1960s. Situated at Camp Pendleton, Southern California, the West Coast base of the U.S. Marine Corps, The Lieutenant focuses on the men of the Corps in peacetime with a Cold War backdrop. The title character is Second Lieutenant William Tiberius Rice, a rifle platoon leader and one of the training instructors at Camp Pendleton. An hour-long drama, The Lieutenant explores the lives of enlisted Marines and officers alike.
The series was known for hosting a plethora of stars and guest stars who would later appear in Roddenberry's more well known work, Star Trek. Rice himself—whose middle name was also shared by the character James T. Kirk—was played by Gary Lockwood, who appeared in the second Star Trek pilot "Where No Man Has Gone Before". Majel Barrett, Leonard Nimoy, Nichelle Nichols, and Walter Koenig all appeared as guest stars, along with Ricardo Montalbán—famous for his portrayal of Khan Noonien Singh—and Paul Comi, from the Star Trek episode "Balance of Terror". Several other prominent stars appear in various other episodes, such as Rip Torn playing a drill instructor, Ted Knight playing a yeoman, veteran actor James Gregory (another Star Trek guest star, from the episode Dagger of the Min |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Single-linkage%20clustering | In statistics, single-linkage clustering is one of several methods of hierarchical clustering. It is based on grouping clusters in bottom-up fashion (agglomerative clustering), at each step combining two clusters that contain the closest pair of elements not yet belonging to the same cluster as each other.
This method tends to produce long thin clusters in which nearby elements of the same cluster have small distances, but elements at opposite ends of a cluster may be much farther from each other than two elements of other clusters. For some classes of data, this may lead to difficulties in defining classes that could usefully subdivide the data. However, it is popular in astronomy for analyzing galaxy clusters, which may often involve long strings of matter; in this application, it is also known as the friends-of-friends algorithm.
Overview of agglomerative clustering methods
In the beginning of the agglomerative clustering process, each element is in a cluster of its own. The clusters are then sequentially combined into larger clusters, until all elements end up being in the same cluster. At each step, the two clusters separated by the shortest distance are combined. The function used to determine the distance between two clusters, known as the linkage function, is what differentiates the agglomerative clustering methods.
In single-linkage clustering, the distance between two clusters is determined by a single pair of elements: those two elements (one in each cluster) t |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Volterra%20Semiconductor | Volterra Semiconductor, commonly known as "Volterra," was acquired by Maxim Integrated in October 2013. Volterra was a fabless semiconductor company that designed and manufactured mixed-signal integrated circuits used in power management applications. The company was founded in 1996 and was headquartered in Fremont, California, United States.
Volterra became a public company via an initial public offering of its stock at $8.00 per share on July 29, 2004.
Product line
Volterra's product line consisted primarily of integrated circuits and chipsets that manage power for low voltage, extremely high current applications, such as desktop and notebook PC and workstation motherboards, network servers, and video controllers.
The company directly employed about 200-500 people and reported net revenue of $39.9 million for the first quarter of 2013.
Volterra is named for Vito Volterra, an Italian mathematician and physicist, who is best known as the father of the Volterra series.
References
Defunct semiconductor companies of the United States
Companies based in Fremont, California
Fabless semiconductor companies
Electronics companies established in 1996
Technology companies based in the San Francisco Bay Area
Companies formerly listed on the Nasdaq
2004 initial public offerings
2013 mergers and acquisitions
Defunct computer companies of the United States |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/IL-28 | IL28 or IL-28 may be:
Ilyushin Il-28, a Cold War-era Soviet ground attack aircraft
Interleukin 28, a cytokine for stimulating the growth of T cell lymphocytes
Illinois Route 28, the former name of U.S. Route 34 in Illinois
See also
IL (disambiguation)
28 (disambiguation) |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/MediaTek | MediaTek Inc. () is a Taiwanese fabless semiconductor company that provides chips for wireless communications, high-definition television, handheld mobile devices like smartphones and tablet computers, navigation systems, consumer multimedia products and digital subscriber line services as well as optical disc drives.
Founded in 1997 and headquartered in Hsinchu, the company has 41 offices worldwide and was the third largest fabless chip designer worldwide in 2016. The company also provides its customers with reference designs. MediaTek became the biggest smartphone chipset vendor with 31% market share in Q3 2020. This was assisted by its strong performance in regions such as China and India.
Corporate history
MediaTek was originally a unit of the Taiwanese firm, United Microelectronics Corporation (UMC), tasked with designing chipsets for home entertainment products. On May 28, 1997, the unit was spun off and incorporated. MediaTek Inc. was listed on the Taiwan Stock Exchange (TSEC) under the "2454" code on July 23, 2001.
The company started out designing chipsets for optical drives and subsequently expanded into chips for DVD players, digital TVs, mobile phones, smartphones and tablets. In general MediaTek has had a strong record of gaining market share and displacing competitors after entering new markets.
The company launched a division to design products for mobile devices in 2004. Seven years later, it took orders for more than 500 million mobile system-on-chip uni |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Crystal%20Blaze | Crystal Blaze was a Finnish metal band.
Biography
The band was formed in 1995 and started first playing power metal under the name Guardian Force. Over the years, the group has gone through changes and the band started to take its current form in 2001, when Lari Sorvo (keyboards) and Lauri Koskenniemi (guitar) joined the founding members Mikael Grönroos (guitar), Max Obstbaum (vocals) and Gustaf Standertskjöld (drums) with the bassist Eerik Purdon. Now that the band performs and records under the name Crystal Blaze, the musical genre has also changed. The group is not afraid of combining different styles and genres with metal. Crystal Blaze's first demo Dreams was published in 2004 and was recorded at the MusaMuusa studios. The second demo The Punishment was released in 2006. In 2007, Crystal Blaze parted ways with one of the founding members of the band, drummer Gustaf Standertskjöld. Crystal Blaze was the winner of 2007 Wacken Metal Battle Finland and also performed at Wacken Open Air 2007 festival in Germany. In March 2008, the band released its third release named Beneath the Sands. At the same time the band also announced Juhana Karlsson as a new drummer. The band was split up in 2010.
Band members
Max Obstbaum - vocals
Mikael Grönroos - guitar
Lauri Koskenniemi - guitar
Eerik Purdon - bass
Lari Sorvo - keyboards
Juhana Karlsson - drums
Discography
Dreams (2004)
The Punishment (2006)
Beneath the Sands (2008)
External links
Crystal Blaze @ Mikseri
Crystal Blaze @ MySp |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Richard%20Grimsdale | Richard Lawrence Grimsdale (18 September 1929 – 6 December 2005) was a British electrical engineer and computer pioneer who helped to design the world's first transistorised computer.
Early life and education
Richard Lawrence Grimsdale was born on 18 September 1929 in Australia, where his father, an English engineer, was working on construction of the suburban railway system for the Metropolitan-Vickers company. The family returned to England, where he was educated at Manchester Grammar School, and then studied electrical engineering at the University of Manchester, where he earned his Bachelor of Science, his Master of Science in 1951, writing a thesis on Computing Machines - Design of Test Programmes, and subsequently his Doctor of Philosophy, writing his thesis on the Transistor Digital Computer under the supervision of Frederic Calland Williams.
Career
In 1953, whilst still a post-graduate research student at the University of Manchester, Grimsdale achieved one of the first major landmarks in his career with his design and development work on the Metrovick 950, the world's first computer made from transistors rather than valves or electromechanical devices. The computer used early point-contact transistors which were the first generation of transistors, however later developments of the machine used more advanced junction transistors which offered better performance.
Grimsdale also worked on the Ferranti Mark I computer, a commercial development of the Manchester Mark |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/IL22RA2 | Interleukin-22 receptor subunit alpha-2 (IL-22RA2), also known as interleukin-22 binding protein (IL-22BP) is a naturally secreted monomeric protein acting as an interleukin-22 (IL-22) antagonist with inhibitory effects on IL-22 activity in vivo. IL-22BP is in humans encoded by the IL22RA2 gene located on chromosome 6, and in mice is encoded by the il22ra2 gene located on chromosome 10. IL-22BP belongs to the class II cytokine receptor family and it is a soluble receptor homolog of IL-22R (aliases IL-22RA1/IL-22RA/IL-22R1).
The main function of IL-22BP is the regulation of IL-22 biological activity through specific binding which blocks the interaction of IL-22 with its cell surface receptor IL-22R and thus prevents the downstream cellular signalling and response. IL-22 and IL-22BP interactions play an important role in health and disease and are involved in the regulation of steady-state homeostasis, inflammatory responses and cancer.
Structure and interaction
IL-22BP is a soluble monomeric cytokine receptor protein. IL-22BP shares approximately 34% sequence homology with the extracellular domain of one subunit of the heterodimeric membrane-bound IL-22R, which is the main cellular receptor for IL-22 providing the subsequent signalling. This homology extends to the secondary and tertiary structure of the proteins allowing specific binding and protein-protein interactions. IL-22BP also shares homology with other related cytokine receptors IL-10RB, and IL-20RA. IL-22BP is a s |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hellinger%20distance | In probability and statistics, the Hellinger distance (closely related to, although different from, the Bhattacharyya distance) is used to quantify the similarity between two probability distributions. It is a type of f-divergence. The Hellinger distance is defined in terms of the Hellinger integral, which was introduced by Ernst Hellinger in 1909.
It is sometimes called the Jeffreys distance.
Definition
Measure theory
To define the Hellinger distance in terms of measure theory, let and denote two probability measures on a measure space that are absolutely continuous with respect to an auxiliary measure . Such a measure always exists, e.g . The square of the Hellinger distance between and is defined as the quantity
Here, and , i.e. and are the Radon–Nikodym derivatives of P and Q respectively with respect to . This definition does not depend on , i.e. the Hellinger distance between P and Q does not change if is replaced with a different probability measure with respect to which both P and Q are absolutely continuous. For compactness, the above formula is often written as
Probability theory using Lebesgue measure
To define the Hellinger distance in terms of elementary probability theory, we take λ to be the Lebesgue measure, so that dP / dλ and dQ / dλ are simply probability density functions. If we denote the densities as f and g, respectively, the squared Hellinger distance can be expressed as a standard calculus integral
where the second form can be obta |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List%20of%20Bradford%20Bulls%20records%20and%20statistics | This is a list of all the records and statistics of rugby league side Bradford Bulls. It concentrates on the records of the team and the performances of the players who have played for this team. Since the re-brand in 1996 the Bulls have gone on to win many honours and awards. Under the re-brand the Bulls played their first game against Batley Bulldogs in the 1996 Challenge Cup on 4 February 1996, Bradford won the match 60–18. As of 7 October 2021 the Bulls have played 788 games.
Team records
Team wins, losses, ties and draws
Matches played
Results summary
Highest scores
Lowest scores
Biggest wins
Biggest losses
Individual records
Most matches as captain
Most career appearances
Most career points
Most career tries
Most career goals
Most career drop goals
Most points in a season
Most tries in a season
Most goals in a season
Most drop goals in a season
Most points in a match
Most tries in a match
Most goals in a match
Most drop goals in a match
Attendance records
Season average attendance
Highest match attendance
Coaching
Coaching records
References
Statistics |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Scattering-matrix%20method | In computational electromagnetics, the scattering-matrix method (SMM) is a numerical method used to solve Maxwell's equations, related to the transfer-matrix method.
Principles
SMM can, for example, use cylinders to model dielectric/metal objects in the domain.
The total-field/scattered-field (TF/SF) formalism where the total field is written as sum of incident and scattered at each point in the domain:
By assuming series solutions for the total field, the SMM method transforms the domain into a cylindrical problem. In this domain total field is written in terms of Bessel and Hankel function solutions to the cylindrical Helmholtz equation. SMM method formulation, finally helps compute these coefficients of the cylindrical harmonic functions within the cylinder and outside it, at the same time satisfying EM boundary conditions.
Finally, SMM accuracy can be increased by adding (removing) cylindrical harmonic terms used to model the scattered fields.
SMM, eventually leads to a matrix formalism, and the coefficients are calculated through matrix inversion. For N-cylinders, each scattered field modeled using 2M+1 harmonic terms, SMM requires to solve a N(2M + 1) system of equations.
Advantages
SMM, is a rigorous and accurate method deriving from first principles. Hence, it is guaranteed to be accurate within limits of model, and not show spurious effects of numerical dispersion arising in other techniques like Finite-difference time-domain (FDTD) method.
See also
Eigenmode |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Phenylmercury%20acetate | Phenylmercuric acetate is an organomercury compound used as a preservative, disinfectant, and antitranspirant.
Properties
Phenylmercuric acetate forms colorless, lustrous crystals, and is soluble in ethanol, benzene, acetic acid, and sparingly in water.
Applications
Phenylmercuric acetate has been used as a preservative in eyedrops and paint, disinfectant, former fungicide in agriculture, and a potential fungicide in leather processing. It kills crabgrass, the seedlings of which are especially vulnerable, but leaves most lawn grasses intact. It exhibits anti-fungal activity against a broad range of ocular pathogenic fungi, with the greatest activity against Fusarium spp, and has been investigated as a potential treatment for keratomycosis.
Phenylmercuric acetate was used for disinfecting mucous membranes, but due to toxicological and ecotoxicological reasons, is no longer used. Phenylmercuric acetate was once used commercially as a catalyst in 3M Tartan brand polyurethane flexible floors, a common flooring used in public buildings, especially in school gymnasiums, in the 1950's through 1970's. In 2006, PMA was discovered to slowly leach from the 3M Tartan flooring in several Idaho public schools and was detectible using analytical methods of air monitoring via NIOSH 6009 Carulite Tubes and the Ohio-Lumex mercury vapor direct-reading analyzer.
Hazards
Contact with phenylmercuric acetate can cause allergic reactions., such as erythema and contact urticaria syndrome. IgE pl |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Oxalyldiaminopropionic%20acid | Oxalyldiaminopropionic acid (ODAP) is a structural analogue of the neurotransmitter glutamate found in the grass pea Lathyrus sativus. It is the neurotoxin responsible for the motor neuron degeneration syndrome lathyrism.
Sources
ODAP is found in the seeds of the legume L. sativus, a grass pea plant, in the range of .5% w/w. L. sativus can be found in areas of Southern, Central, and Eastern Europe, the Mediterranean Basin, Iraq and Afghanistan as well as areas of Asia and Africa.
History
In some regions, including the Indian subcontinent, Bangladesh, Ethiopia and Nepal, the grass pea has become a staple food item. The plant has a high tolerance of environmental conditions which results in it being the only available food source in times of famine or drought. Following these several month droughts, neurolathyrism epidemics may occur. The last instance of such an epidemic (as of 2013) was in Ethiopia during the 1995-1997 drought during which 2000 people became permanently disabled.
Biological effects
ODAP is an agonist of the ionotropic AMPA glutamate receptor. It is known to cause neurolathyrism in humans, a motor neuron degenerative disease characterized by degeneration of pyramidal-tract neurons in the spinal cord and in the area of the cortex controlling the legs, resulting in lower-body paralysis. There is not one direct explanation as to how ODAP causes neurolathyrism; however, there has been evidence to support a few biological effects. One reason why the mechanism of |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/EGF%20module-containing%20mucin-like%20hormone%20receptor | The EGF module-containing Mucin-like hormone Receptors (EMRs) are closely related subgroup of G protein-coupled receptors (GPCRs). These receptors have a unique hybrid structure in which an extracellular epidermal growth factor (EGF)-like domain is fused to a GPCR domain through a mucin-like stalk. There are four variants of EMR labeled 1–4, each encoded by a separate gene. These receptors are predominantly expressed in cells of the immune system and bind ligands such as CD55.
References
External links
G protein-coupled receptors |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/EMR1 | EGF-like module-containing mucin-like hormone receptor-like 1 also known as F4/80 is a protein encoded by the ADGRE1 gene. EMR1 is a member of the adhesion GPCR family.
Adhesion GPCRs are characterized by an extended extracellular region often possessing N-terminal protein modules that is linked to a TM7 region via a domain known as the GPCR-Autoproteolysis INducing (GAIN) domain.
EMR1 expression in human is restricted to eosinophils and is a specific marker for these cells. The murine homolog of EMR1, F4/80, is a well-known and widely used marker of murine macrophage populations. The N-terminal fragment (NTF) of EMR1 contains 4-6 Epidermal Growth Factor-like (EGF-like) domains in human and 4-7 EGF-like domains in the mouse.
Function
Utilizing F4/80 knockout mice, Lin et al. showed that F4/80 is not necessary for the development of tissue macrophages but is required for the induction of efferent CD8+ regulatory T cells needed for peripheral tolerance.
Clinical significance
Legrand et al. demonstrated that EMR1 can serve as a therapeutic target for depletion of these cells in eosinophilic disorders by using afucosylated antibodies.
See also
EGF module-containing mucin-like hormone receptor
References
External links
GPCR consortium
G protein-coupled receptors |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/EMR2 | EGF-like module-containing mucin-like hormone receptor-like 2 also known as CD312 (cluster of differentiation 312) is a protein encoded by the ADGRE2 gene. EMR2 is a member of the adhesion GPCR family.
Adhesion GPCRs are characterized by an extended extracellular region often possessing N-terminal protein modules that is linked to a TM7 region via a domain known as the GPCR-Autoproteolysis INducing (GAIN) domain.
EMR2 is expressed by monocytes/macrophages, dendritic cells and all types of granulocytes. In the case of EMR2 the N-terminal domains consist of alternatively spliced epidermal growth factor-like (EGF-like) domains. EMR2 is closely related to CD97 with 97% amino-acid identity in the EGF-like domains. The N-terminal fragment (NTF) of EMR2 presents 2-5 EGF-like domains in human. Mice lack the Emr2 gene. This gene is closely linked to the gene encoding EGF-like molecule containing mucin-like hormone receptor 3 EMR3 on chromosome 19.
Ligand
Like the related CD97 protein, the fourth EGF-like domain of EMR2 binds chondroitin sulfate B to mediate cell attachment. However, unlike CD97 EMR2 does not interact with the complement regulatory protein, decay accelerating factor CD55, and indicating that these very closely related proteins likely have nonredundant functions.
Signaling
Inositol phosphate (IP3) accumulation assays in overexpressing HEK293 cells have demonstrated coupling of EMR2 to Gα15. EGF-like module-containing mucin-like hormone receptor-like 2 (EMR2) is a |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/EMR3 | EGF-like module-containing mucin-like hormone receptor-like 3 is a protein encoded by the ADGRE3 gene. EMR3 is a member of the adhesion GPCR family.
Adhesion GPCRs are characterized by an extended extracellular region often possessing N-terminal protein modules that is linked to a TM7 region via a domain known as the GPCR-Autoproteolysis INducing (GAIN) domain.
EMR3 expression is restricted to monocytes/macrophages, myeloid dendritic cells, and mature granulocytes in human. Transcription of the EMR3 gene results in two alternative spliced forms: a surface protein with extracellular, 7TM, and intracellular domains as well as a truncated soluble form of only the extracellular domain. Mice, next to Emr2, lack the Emr3 gene.
Function
The protein may play a role in myeloid-myeloid interactions during immune and inflammatory responses.
Ligands
A potential ligand of EMR3 likely is expressed on human macrophage and activated neutrophils.
References
External links
GPCR consortium
G protein-coupled receptors |
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