source stringlengths 32 209 | text stringlengths 18 1.5k |
|---|---|
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Plicamycin | Plicamycin (INN, also known as mithramycin; trade name Mithracin) is an antineoplastic antibiotic produced by Streptomyces plicatus. It is an RNA synthesis inhibitor. The manufacturer discontinued production in 2000. Several different structures are currently reported in different places all with the same chromomycin core, but with different stereochemistry in the glycoside chain, a 1999 study has re-investigated the compound and proposed a revised structure.
Uses
Plicamycin has been used in the treatment of testicular cancer, Paget's disease of bone, and, rarely, the management of hypercalcemia.
Plicamycin has been tested in chronic myeloid leukemia.
Plicamycin is currently used in multiple areas of research, including cancer cell apoptosis and as a metastasis inhibitor.
One elucidated pathway shows it interacts by cross-binding chromatin GC-rich promoter motifs, thereby inhibiting gene transcription.
References
External links
Mithramycin A from Center for Pharmaceutical Research and Innovation
DNA replication inhibitors |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List%20of%20Tamworth%20F.C.%20managers | This is a list of managers of Tamworth Football Club.
Statistics
''Information correct as of 3 March 2019. Only competitive matches are counted. Wins, losses and draws are results at the final whistle; the results of penalty shoot-outs are not counted.
References
General
Tamworth F.C. Official Website
Tamworth F.C. Heritage Website
Specific
Managers
Tamworth |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kevin%20Eggan | Kevin Eggan (born 1974 in Normal, Illinois) is a Professor of Stem Cell and Regenerative Biology at Harvard University, known for his work in stem cell research (also known as "therapeutic cloning"), and as a spokesperson for stem cell research in the United States. He was a 2006 recipient of a MacArthur Fellowship (sometimes nicknamed the "genius grant"). In 2005, he was named to the MIT Technology Review TR35 as one of the top 35 innovators in the world under the age of 35.
Biography
Background and education
Eggan grew up in Normal, Illinois, the son of Chris and Larry Eggan and one of five children, his father being a math professor at Illinois State University.
After completing his bachelor's degree in microbiology at the University of Illinois, he applied to medical school to become a doctor, but his doubts caused him to defer in favor of a two-year internship with drug company Amgen at the National Institutes of Health. In 1998 he applied to study for a Ph.D. in biology at the Massachusetts Institute of Technology, arriving there shortly after Dolly the Sheep gained worldwide attention as the world's first cloned domestic animal.
Eggan began to explore both this process and also the reasons that cloned animals often appeared to develop abnormally, with organ defects and immunological problems – his first contact with stem cell research. After finishing his PhD in 2002, Eggan split his time between a post-doctoral program with genetics pioneer Rudolf Jaenisch and a c |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Clinical%20prediction%20rule | A clinical prediction rule or clinical probability assessment specifies how to use medical signs, symptoms, and other findings to estimate the probability of a specific disease or clinical outcome.
Physicians have difficulty in estimated risks of diseases; frequently erring towards overestimation, perhaps due to cognitive biases such as base rate fallacy in which the risk of an adverse outcome is exaggerated.
Methods
In a prediction rule study, investigators identify a consecutive group of patients who are suspected of having a specific disease or outcome. The investigators then obtain a standard set of clinical observations on each patient and a test or clinical follow-up to define the true state of the patient. They then use statistical methods to identify the best clinical predictors of the patient's true state. The probability of disease will depend on the patient's key clinical predictors. Published methodological standards specify good practices for developing a clinical prediction rule.
A survey of methods concluded "the majority of prediction studies in high impact journals do not follow current methodological recommendations, limiting their reliability and applicability", confirming earlier findings from the diabetic literature
Effect on health outcomes
Few prediction rules have had the consequences of their usage by physicians quantified.
When studied, the impact of providing the information alone (for example, providing the calculated probability of disease) |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Harry%20V.%20Roberts | Harry V. Roberts (1923–2004), American statistician, was a distinguished teacher and a pioneer in looking at the applications of Bayesian statistics to business decision making and in Total Quality Management.
Roberts began teaching at the University of Chicago Graduate School of Business in 1949 as an instructor of statistics. He was promoted to assistant professor in 1951. He earned his Ph.D. from the University of Chicago in 1955, and was appointed associate professor. He was made full professor in 1959, and was named Sigmund E. Edelstone Professor of Statistics and Quality Management in 1991. In 1997, Roberts was awarded the Norman Maclean Faculty Award from the University of Chicago for his contributions to teaching and to the student experience on campus. In recognition of his career achievements, the Chicago chapter of the American Statistical Association created the Harry V. Roberts Statistical Advocate Award, first given in January 2002.
His varied research interests also included interactive computing; time series analysis; the relation between statistical theory and practical decision making; survey methodology and practice; and productivity and quality improvement.
Roberts was the co-author of many influential publications, including two groundbreaking books: Basic Methods of Marketing Research (with James Lorie) and the textbook, Statistics: A New Approach (with W. Allen Wallis). He also co-authored an early work on the random walk hypothesis of stock market |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/NUTS%20statistical%20regions%20of%20Austria | The Nomenclature of Territorial Units for Statistics (NUTS) is a geocode standard for referencing the subdivisions of Austria for statistical purposes. The standard is developed and regulated by the European Union. The NUTS standard is instrumental in delivering the European Union's Structural Funds. The NUTS code for Austria is AT and a hierarchy of three levels is established by Eurostat. Below these is a further levels of geographic organisation - the local administrative unit (LAU). In Austria, the LAU 2 is municipalities.
Overall
NUTS Levels
Local administrative units
Below the NUTS levels, the two LAU (Local Administrative Units) levels are:
The LAU codes of Austria can be downloaded here: NUTS codes
NUTS 3 definitions
AT1 Eastern Austria (Ostösterreich)
AT11 Burgenland
AT111 Mittelburgenland (Bezirk Oberpullendorf)
AT112 Nordburgenland (Eisenstadt, Rust, Bezirk Eisenstadt-Umgebung, Bezirk Mattersburg, Bezirk Neusiedl am See)
AT113 Südburgenland (Bezirk Güssing, Bezirk Jennersdorf, Bezirk Oberwart)
AT12 Lower Austria (Niederösterreich)
AT121 Mostviertel-Eisenwurzen (Waidhofen an der Ybbs, Bezirk Amstetten, Bezirk Melk, Bezirk Scheibbs)
AT122 Niederösterreich-Süd (Wiener Neustadt, Bezirk Lilienfeld, Bezirk Neunkirchen, Bezirk Wiener Neustadt-Land)
AT123 Sankt Pölten (Sankt Pölten, Bezirk Sankt Pölten-Land)
AT124 Waldviertel (Krems, Bezirk Gmünd, Bezirk Horn, Bezirk Krems-Land, Bezirk Waidhofen an der Thaya, Bezirk Zwettl)
AT125 Weinviertel (Bezirk Hol |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Amylacea | Amylacea may refer to:
A Latinate biological word meaning starchy
Corpora amylacea, dense accumulations of calcified proteinaceous material in the ducts of prostates in older men |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Climate%20of%20Iceland | The climate of Iceland is subpolar oceanic (Köppen climate classification Cfc) near the southern coastal area and tundra (Köppen ET) inland in the highlands. The island lies in the path of the North Atlantic Current, which makes its climate more temperate than would be expected for its latitude just south of the Arctic Circle. This effect is aided by the Irminger Current, which also helps to moderate the island's temperature. The weather in Iceland is notoriously variable.
The aurora borealis is often visible at night during the winter. The midnight sun can be experienced in summer on the island of Grímsey off the north coast; the remainder of the country, since it lies just south of the polar circle, experiences a twilight period during which the sun sets briefly, but still has around two weeks of continuous daylight during the summer.
Seasons
Winter
The Icelandic winter is relatively mild for its latitude, owing to maritime influence and proximity to the warm currents of the North Atlantic Gyre. The southerly lowlands of the island average around in winter, while the north averages around . The lowest temperatures in the northern part of the island range from around . The lowest temperature on record is .
Summer
The average July temperature in the southern part of the island is . Warm summer days can reach . The highest temperature recorded was in the Eastern fjords in 1939. Annual average sunshine hours in Reykjavík are around 1300, which is similar to towns in Scotl |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vantieghems%20theorem | In number theory, Vantieghems theorem is a primality criterion. It states that a natural number n≥3 is prime if and only if
Similarly, n is prime, if and only if the following congruence for polynomials in X holds:
or:
Example
Let n=7 forming the product 1*3*7*15*31*63 = 615195. 615195 = 7 mod 127 and so 7 is prime
Let n=9 forming the product 1*3*7*15*31*63*127*255 = 19923090075. 19923090075 = 301 mod 511 and so 9 is composite
References
. An article with proof and generalizations.
Factorial and binomial topics
Modular arithmetic
Theorems about prime numbers |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hugo%20Machado | Hugo Miguel Alves Machado (born 4 July 1982 in Lisbon) is a Portuguese footballer who plays for Clube Oriental de Lisboa as an attacking midfielder.
Club statistics
References
External links
Barreirense official profile
Persian League stats
1982 births
Living people
Portuguese men's footballers
Footballers from Lisbon
Men's association football midfielders
Primeira Liga players
Liga Portugal 2 players
Segunda Divisão players
Sporting CP B players
C.F. Estrela da Amadora players
F.C. Barreirense players
Associação Naval 1º de Maio players
Clube Oriental de Lisboa players
Real S.C. players
GS Loures players
C.D. Cova da Piedade players
Cypriot First Division players
Apollon Limassol FC players
Olympiakos Nicosia players
Alki Larnaca FC players
Azerbaijan Premier League players
FK Standard Sumgayit players
Persian Gulf Pro League players
Zob Ahan Esfahan F.C. players
Sanat Naft Abadan F.C. players
I-League players
Churchill Brothers FC Goa players
Football League (Greece) players
Athens Kallithea F.C. players
OFI Crete F.C. players
Portuguese expatriate men's footballers
Expatriate men's footballers in Cyprus
Expatriate men's footballers in Azerbaijan
Expatriate men's footballers in Iran
Expatriate men's footballers in India
Expatriate men's footballers in Greece
Portuguese expatriate sportspeople in Cyprus
Portuguese expatriate sportspeople in Azerbaijan
Portuguese expatriate sportspeople in Iran
Portuguese expatriate sportspeople in India
Portuguese expatriate sportspeop |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/PAFAH1B1 | Platelet-activating factor acetylhydrolase IB subunit alpha is an enzyme that in humans is encoded by the PAFAH1B1 gene. The protein is often referred to as Lis1 and plays an important role in regulating the motor protein Dynein.
Function
PAFAH1B1 was identified as encoding a gene that when mutated or lost caused the lissencephaly associated with Miller–Dieker syndrome. PAFAH1B1 encodes the non-catalytic alpha subunit of the intracellular Ib isoform of platelet-activating factor acetylhydrolase, a heterotrimeric enzyme that specifically catalyzes the removal of the acetyl group at the SN-2 position of platelet-activating factor (identified as 1-O-alkyl-2-acetyl-sn-glyceryl-3-phosphorylcholine). Two other isoforms of intracellular platelet-activating factor acetylhydrolase exist: one composed of multiple subunits, the other, a single subunit. In addition, a single-subunit isoform of this enzyme is found in serum.
According to one study, PAFAH1B1 interacts with VLDLR receptor activated by reelin.
Genomics
The gene is located at chromosome 17p13.3 on the Watson (plus) strand. The gene is 91,953 bases in length and encodes a protein of 410 amino acids (predicted molecular weight 46.638 kiloDaltons).
Interactions
PAFAH1B1 has been shown to interact with DYNC1H1, CLIP1, NDEL1, NDE1, PAFAH1B3, PAFAH1B2, NUDC, TUBA1A and Doublecortin.
See also
platelet-activating factor
PAFAH1B2
PAFAH1B3
References
Further reading
External links
GeneReview/NIH/UW entry on LIS1-Ass |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/John%20Hilton%20Grace | John Hilton Grace FRS (21 May 1873 – 4 March 1958) was a British mathematician. The Grace–Walsh–Szegő theorem is named in part after him.
Early life
He was born in Halewood, near Liverpool, the eldest of the six children of farmer William Grace and Elizabeth Hilton. He was educated at the village school and the Liverpool Institute. From there in 1892 he went up to Peterhouse, Cambridge to study mathematics.
His nephew, his younger sister's son, was the animal geneticist, Alan Robertson FRS.
Career
He was made a Fellow of Peterhouse in 1897 and became a Lecturer of Mathematics at Peterhouse and Pembroke colleges. An example of his work was his 1902 paper on The Zeros of a Polynomial. In 1903 he collaborated with Alfred Young on their book Algebra of Invariants.
He was elected a Fellow of the Royal Society in 1908.
He spent 1916–1917 as Visiting Professor in Lahore and deputised for Professor MacDonald at Aberdeen University during the latter part of the war.
In 1922 a breakdown in health forced his retirement from academic life and he spent the next part of his life in Norfolk.
He died in Huntingdon in 1958 and was buried in the family grave at St. Nicholas Church, Halewood.
Theorem on zeros of a polynomial
If
,
are two polynomials that satisfy the apolarity condition, i.e. , then every neighbourhood that includes all zeros of one polynomial also includes at least one zero of the other.
Corollary
Let and be defined as in the above theorem. If the zeros of both poly |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Aristaless%20related%20homeobox | Aristaless related homeobox is a protein that in humans is encoded by the ARX gene.
Function
This gene is a homeobox-containing gene expressed during development. The expressed protein contains two conserved domains, a C-peptide (or aristaless domain) and the prd-like class homeobox domain. It is a member of the group-II aristaless-related protein family whose members are expressed primarily in the central and/or peripheral nervous system. This gene is involved in CNS and pancreas development.
Clinical significance
Mutation in the ARX gene are associated with X-linked intellectual disability, lissencephaly, as well as hypoglycemia (in mice).
See also
homeobox
References
Further reading
External links
Transcription factors |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fukutin | Fukutin is a eukaryotic protein necessary for the maintenance of muscle integrity, cortical histogenesis, and normal ocular development. Mutations in the fukutin gene have been shown to result in Fukuyama congenital muscular dystrophy (FCMD) characterised by brain malformation - one of the most common autosomal-recessive disorders in Japan. In humans this protein is encoded by the FCMD gene (also named FKTN), located on chromosome 9q31. Human fukutin exhibits a length of 461 amino acids and a predicted molecular mass of 53.7 kDa.
Function
Although its function is mostly unknown, fukutin is a putative transmembrane protein that is ubiquitously expressed, although at higher levels in skeletal muscle, heart and brain. It is localized to the cis-Golgi compartment, where it may be involved in the glycosylation of α-dystroglycan in skeletal muscle. The encoded protein is thought to be a glycosyltransferase and could play a role in brain development. Fukutin is expressed in the mammalian retina and is located in the Golgi complex of retinal neurons.
Clinical significance
Defects in this gene are a cause of Fukuyama congenital muscular dystrophy (FCMD), Walker-Warburg syndrome (WWS), limb-girdle muscular dystrophy type 2M (LGMD2M), and dilated cardiomyopathy type 1X (CMD1X).
See also
Fukutin-related protein
References
Further reading
External links
GeneReviews/NCBI/NIH/UW entry on Congenital Muscular Dystrophy Overview
LOVD mutation database: FKTN |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fukutin-related%20protein | Fukutin-related protein (FKRP) is also known as FKRP_HUMAN, LGMD2I, MDC1C, MDDGA5, MDDGB5, and MDDGC5. FKRP can be located in the brain, cardiac muscle and skeletal muscle, and in cells it is found in the Golgi apparatus. Fukutin is expressed in the mammalian retina and is located in the Golgi complex of retinal neurons.
The genomic location of the FKRP gene is on chromosome 19. FKRP is a ribitol-5-phosphate (enzyme) glycosyltranferase, which means this enzyme helps create glycosidic linkages to an acceptor. In glycosylation of α-dystroglycan (sugar chain) it adds a ribitol-5-phosphate onto the M3 core O-mannosylation of α-dystroglycan to create O-linked mannosylation. Without this linkage α-dystroglycan will not function properly, this can cause issues with the cytoskeleton, and extracellular matrix. In skeletal muscles the α-dystroglycan helps stabilize and protect muscle fibers, in the brain it directs movement of nerve cells. This could be caused by mutations that binds ribitol-5-phosphate to the α-dystroglycan incorrectly. These mutations have been found to be associated with congenital muscular dystrophy, dystroglycanopathies, and Walker-Warburg syndrome. The severity of these diseases are correlated to the amount of mutations occurring. Possible therapy options for FKRP mutations include small molecules, gene delivery, and cell therapy.
See also
Fukutin
References
External links
GeneReviews/NCBI/NIH/UW entry on Congenital Muscular Dystrophy Overview
LOVD muta |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Naphthalocyanine | Naphthalocyanine is a cross-shaped organic molecule consisting of 48 carbon, 8 nitrogen and 26 hydrogen atoms, it is a derivative of phthalocyanine. IBM Research labs used it for developing single-molecule logic switches and visualizing charge distribution in a single molecule.
Naphthalocyanine derivatives have a potential use in photodynamic cancer treatment.
References
External links
Timmer, J. (2007) Storing data in molecules: shifting atoms and flipping bits, ars technica online [accessed 8 September 2007]
Phthalocyanines
Molecular electronics |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Llanos%20de%20Challe%20National%20Park | Llanos de Challe National Park is located on the Pacific coast of the Atacama Region, Chile. The park's mountains are moistened by the Camanchaca, creating a fog and mist-fed ecosystem called lomas (Spanish for "hills"). The park is one of the southernmost locations of the lomas which are scattered along the coastal desert from northern Chile to northern Peru. The highest elevation in the park is Cerro Negro at 950 m.
This fragile coastal desert ecosystem is habitat for rare and beautiful plants species, including the threatened Leontochir ovallei, known locally as Garra de León. In addition to, cactus are abundant in the park.
The park is one of the best place for contemplating the natural phenomenon known as desierto florido (desert bloom), which occurs occasionally as a consequence of El Niño-Southern Oscillation.
The park has the largest population of guanacos in the Atacama Region. Park's seashore and surrounding area feature unspoiled white sand beaches and a coastal wetland, which shelters common moorhens, red-gartered coots, black-necked swans and flamingos.
References
Parque Nacional Llanos de Challe
Protected areas of Atacama Region
National parks of Chile
Coasts of Atacama Region
Protected areas established in 1994 |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Orexin%20receptor | The orexin receptor (also referred to as the hypocretin receptor) is a G-protein-coupled receptor that binds the neuropeptide orexin. There are two variants, OX1 and OX2, each encoded by a different gene (, ).
Both orexin receptors exhibit a similar pharmacology – the 2 orexin peptides, orexin-A and orexin-B, bind to both receptors and, in each case, agonist binding results in an increase in intracellular calcium levels. However, orexin-B shows a 5- to 10-fold selectivity for orexin receptor type 2, whilst orexin-A is equipotent at both receptors.
Several orexin receptor antagonists are in development for potential use in sleep disorders. The first of these, suvorexant, has been on the market in the United States since 2015. There were two orexin agonists under development .
Ligands
Several drugs acting on the orexin system are under development, either orexin agonists for the treatment of conditions such as narcolepsy, or orexin antagonists for insomnia. In August 2015, Nagahara et al. published their work in synthesizing the first HCRT/OX2R agonist, compound 26, with good potency and selectivity.
No neuropeptide agonists are yet available, although synthetic orexin-A polypeptide has been made available as a nasal spray and tested on monkeys. One non-peptide antagonist is currently available in the U.S., Merck's suvorexant (Belsomra), two additional agents are in development: SB-649,868 by GlaxoSmithKline, for sleep disorders, and ACT-462206, currently in human clinical |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Urotensin-II%20receptor | The urotensin-2 receptor (UR-II-R) also known as GPR14 is a class A rhodopsin family G protein coupled-receptor (GPCR) that is 386 amino acids long which binds primarily to the neuropeptide urotensin II.[1] The receptor quickly rose to prominence when it was found that when activated by urotensin II it induced the most potent vasoconstriction effect ever seen. While the precise function of the urotensin II receptor is not fully known it has been linked to cardiovascular effects, stress, and REM sleep.
Ligands
There are two known endogenous agonists for the urotensin II receptor. One is urotensin II whose mRNA is found in a variety of tissues including the brain and also blood vessels. It is a potent vasoconstrictor and can increase REM cycles. The other is urotensin II-Related Peptide (URP) which is found in a variety of tissues as well although at less concentrations then urotensin II. The one exception is in human reproductive tissue where the levels of URP are much higher than urotensin II.
Cellular Pathway
Urotensin II Receptor interacts with the G Protein whose alpha subunit is Gαq11 which is mainly involved in activating Protein Kinase C (PKC). This then activates phospholipase C which increases the intercellular amount of calcium through the activation of IP3 which is an intracellular molecule that acts as secondary messenger. IP3 will then release calcium which then activates PKC.
When the urotensin II receptor is activated it also promotes beta arrestin trans |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Neuromedin%20U%20receptor | The neuromedin U receptors are two G-protein coupled receptors which bind the neuropeptide hormones neuromedin U and neuromedin S. There are two subtypes of the neuromedin U receptor, each encoded by a separate gene (, ).
Selective Ligands
Neuromedin U is an agonist at both the NMU1 and NMU2 subtypes, while neuromedin S is selective for NMU2, and is a more potent agonist at this subtype than neuromedin U. Several other peptide and non-peptide ligands are also available for the NMU receptors.
Agonists
Non-selective
Neuromedin U
non-peptide NMU modulators
NMU2 selective
Neuromedin S
Antagonists
NMU2 selective
R-PSOP
References
External links
G protein-coupled receptors |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Voltage-dependent%20anion%20channel | Voltage-dependent anion channels, or mitochondrial porins, are a class of porin ion channel located on the outer mitochondrial membrane. There is debate as to whether or not this channel is expressed in the cell surface membrane.
This major protein of the outer mitochondrial membrane of eukaryotes forms a voltage-dependent anion-selective channel (VDAC) that behaves as a general diffusion pore for small hydrophilic molecules. The channel adopts an open conformation at low or zero membrane potential and a closed conformation at potentials above 30–40 mV. VDAC facilitates the exchange of ions and molecules between mitochondria and cytosol and is regulated by the interactions with other proteins and small molecules.
Structure
This protein contains about 280 amino acids and forms a beta barrel which spans the mitochondrial outer membrane.
Since its discovery in 1976, extensive function and structure analysis of VDAC proteins has been conducted. A prominent feature of the pore emerged: when reconstituted into planar lipid bilayers, there is a voltage-dependent switch between an anion-selective high-conductance state with high metabolite flux and a cation-selective low-conductance state with limited passage of metabolites.
More than 30 years after its initial discovery, in 2008, three independent structural projects of VDAC-1 were completed. The first was solved by multi-dimensional NMR spectroscopy. The second applied a hybrid approach using crystallographic data. The t |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nucleoporin | Nucleoporins are a family of proteins which are the constituent building blocks of the nuclear pore complex (NPC). The nuclear pore complex is a massive structure embedded in the nuclear envelope at sites where the inner and outer nuclear membranes fuse, forming a gateway that regulates the flow of macromolecules between the cell nucleus and the cytoplasm. Nuclear pores enable the passive and facilitated transport of molecules across the nuclear envelope. Nucleoporins, a family of around 30 proteins, are the main components of the nuclear pore complex in eukaryotic cells. Nucleoporin 62 is the most abundant member of this family. Nucleoporins are able to transport molecules across the nuclear envelope at a very high rate. A single NPC is able to transport 60,000 protein molecules across the nuclear envelope every minute.
Structure
Nucleoporins aggregate to form a nuclear pore complex, an octagonal ring that traverses the nuclear envelope. The ring consists of eight scaffold sub-complexes, with two structural layers of COPII-like coating sandwiching some proteins that line the pore. From the cytoplasm to the nucleoplasm, the three layers of the ring complex is named the cytoplasm, inner pore, and nucleoplasm rings respectively. Different sets of proteins associate on either ring, and some transmembrane proteins anchor the assembly to the lipid bilayer.
In a scaffold subcomplex, both the cytoplasm and the nucleoplasm rings are made up of Y-complexes, a protein complex bu |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ceftezole | Ceftezole (or ceftezol) is a semisynthetic first-generation cephalosporin antibiotic.
Ceftezole binds to and inactivates penicillin-binding proteins (PBPs) located on the inner membrane of the bacterial cell wall. PBPs are enzymes involved in the terminal stages of assembling the bacterial cell wall and in reshaping the cell wall during growth and division. Inactivation of PBPs interferes with the cross-linkage of peptidoglycan chains necessary for bacterial cell wall strength and rigidity. This results in the weakening of the bacterial cell wall and causes cell lysis.
Ceftezole is having (1,3,4-thiadiazol-2-ylsulfanyl)methyl and [2-(1H-tetrazol-1-yl)acetamido side groups located at positions 3 and 7 respectively. It is a cephalosporin and a member of thiadiazoles.
References
Note
External links
Cephalosporin antibiotics
Enantiopure drugs
Thiadiazoles
Tetrazoles |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cephaloridine | Cephaloridine (or cefaloridine) is a first-generation semisynthetic derivative of antibiotic cephalosporin C. It is a Beta lactam antibiotic, like penicillin. Its chemical structure contains 3 cephems, 4 carboxyl groups and three pyridinium methyl groups.
Cephaloridine is mainly used in veterinary practice. It is unique among cephalosporins in that it exists as a zwitterion.
History
Since the discovery of cephalosporins P, N and C in 1948 there have been many studies describing the antibiotic action of cephalosporins and the possibility to synthesize derivatives. Hydrolysis of cephalosporin C, isolation of 7-aminocephalosporanic acid and the addition of side chains opened the possibility to produce various semi-synthetic cephalosporins. In 1962, cephalothin and cephaloridine were introduced.
Cephaloridine was briefly popular because it tolerated intramuscularly and attained higher and more sustained levels in blood than cephalothin. However, it binds to proteins to a much lesser extent than cephalothin. Because it is also poorly absorbed after oral administration the use of this drug for humans declined rapidly, especially since the second generation of cephalosporins was introduced in the 1970s. Today, it is more commonly used in veterinary practice to treat mild to severe bacterial infections caused by penicillin resistant and penicillin sensitive Staphylococcus aureus, Escherichia coli, Streptococcus pyogenes, Streptococcus pneumoniae, Bacillus subtilis, Klebsiella, Clo |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Prokineticin%20receptor | The prokineticin receptor is a G protein-coupled receptor which binds the peptide hormone prokineticin. There are two variants each encoded by a different gene (PROKR1, PROKR2). These receptors mediate gastrointestinal smooth muscle contraction and angiogenesis.
References
External links
G protein-coupled receptors |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Prokineticin | Prokineticin is a secreted protein that potently contracts gastrointestinal smooth muscle.
Recently, prokineticins have been recognized in humans and other vertebrates. They are thought to be involved in several important physiological processes like neurogenesis, tissue development, angiogenesis, and nociception. Other important physiological roles the Bv8/Prokineticins (PKs) are involved in may include cancer, reproduction, and regulating physiological functions that influence circadian rhythms like hormone secretion, ingestive behaviors, and the sleep/wake cycle.
Mutations in the PROK2 (also known as KAL4) gene have been implicated in hypogonadotropic hypogonadism and gynecomastia.
See also
Prokineticin receptor
References
External links
Intestinal hormones |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Free%20fatty%20acid%20receptor | Free fatty acid receptors (FFARs) are G-protein coupled receptors (GPRs). GPRs (also termed seven-(pass)-transmembrane domain receptors) are a large protein family of receptors. They reside on their parent cells' surface membranes, bind any one of a specific set of ligands that they recognize, and thereby are activated to elicit certain types of responses in their parent cells. Humans have >800 different types of GPCR receptors. The FFARs are GPCR receptors that bind and thereby are activated by particular fatty acids. In general, these binding/activating fatty acids are straight-chain fatty acids consisting of a carboxylic acid residue, i.e., -COOH, attached to aliphatic chains, i.e. carbon atom chains of varying lengths and bound to 1, 2 or 3 hydrogens (CH1, CH2, or CH3). For example, propionic acid is short-chain fatty acid consisting of 3 carbons (C's), CH3-CH2-COOH, and docosahexaenoic acid is long chain polyunsaturated fatty acid consisting of 22 C's and six double bonds (notated as "="): CH3-CH2-CH1=CH1-CH2-CH1=CH1-CH2-CH1=CH1-CH2-CH1=CH1-CH2-CH1=CH1-CH2-CH1=CH1-CH2-CH2-COOH.
Currently, four FFARs are recognized: FFAR1, also termed GPR40; FFAR2, also termed GPR43; FFAR3, also termed GPR41; and FFAR4, also termed GPR120. The human FFAR1, FFAR2,, and FFAR3 genes are located adjacent to each other on the long (i.e., "q") arm of chromosome 19 at position 23.33 (notated as 19q23.33). This location also includes the GPR42 gene which appears to be a segmental duplication o |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Super%20Conserved%20Receptor%20Expressed%20in%20Brain | The Super Conserved Receptor Expressed in Brain (SREB) family are a group of related G-protein coupled receptors. Since no endogenous ligands have yet been identified for these receptors, they are classified as orphan receptors. Receptors within the group include SREB1 (GPR27), SREB2 (GPR85), and SREB3 (GPR173).
References
External links
IUPHAR GPCR Database - GPR27 (previously SREB1)
IUPHAR GPCR Database - GPR85 (previously SREB2)
IUPHAR GPCR Database - GPR173 (previously SREB3)
G protein-coupled receptors |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Platelet-activating%20factor%20receptor | The platelet-activating factor receptor (PAF-R) is a G-protein coupled receptor which binds platelet-activating factor. It is encoded in the human by the PTAFR gene.
The PAF receptor shows structural characteristics of the rhodopsin (MIM 180380) gene family and binds platelet-activating factor (PAF). PAF is a phospholipid (1-0-alkyl-2-acetyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphorylcholine) that has been implicated as a mediator in diverse pathologic processes, such as allergy, asthma, septic shock, arterial thrombosis, and inflammatory processes.[supplied by OMIM] Its pathogenetic role in chronic kidney failure has also been reported recently.
Ligands
Agonists
Platelet activating factor
Antagonists
Apafant (WEB-2086)
Israpafant (Y-24180)
Lexipafant
Rupatadine
References
Further reading
External links
G protein-coupled receptors |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/H22 | H22 may refer to:
H22 engine, an automobile engine from Honda
British NVC community H22, a type of heath community in the British National Vegetation Classification
Highway H22 (Ukraine)
, a Royal Navy D-class destroyer
, a Royal Navy H-class submarine
Horikawa H-22, a Japanese trainer glider |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fastpacking | Fastpacking is a combination of trail running and ultralight backpacking: "hiking the ups, jogging the flats, and running the downs," depending on the gradient, because of the weight carried. Participants carry a light pack with essential supplies, including a sleeping bag and tent, or similar form of shelter, if mountain huts or other accommodation is not available. The weight carried will vary but fastpackers aim at no more than and some achieve less than . This activity may be undertaken either unsupported, self-supported, or supported. "Unsupported fastpackers make no use of outside assistance along the route", while self-supported fastpackers will leave caches of supplies along the intended route.
Fastpacking involves covering a considerable distance over several days with a pack, which requires both mental and physical strength. Established, well-traveled long distance trails are used because "with minimal extra food and clothing, getting stuck in the backcountry for an extended period of time can quickly become a dangerous proposition".
Routes
Fastpacking makes use of long distance trails including: in the United Kingdom the South Downs Way, Wainwright's Coast to Coast Walk and the West Highland Way; in Europe the Tour du Mont Blanc, the "Alta Via 1" in the Dolomites, and the Alpine Pass Route; in the US the John Muir Trail in California and the Appalachian trail. In New Zealand world-famous routes such as the Milford, Routeburn, and Abel Tasman Tracks that take hi |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Abaga%20Falls | Abaga Falls is a waterfall and ecosystem located approximately 15 km southwest of Iligan City on the island of Mindanao, Philippines, specifically in barangay Abaga, Baloi municipality, Lanao del Norte. The height of Abaga Falls is approximately twice that of the more famous Maria Cristina Falls also located within the proximity of Iligan City (in barangay Maria Cristina, Baloi municipality). Unlike Maria Cristina Falls, however, which is fed by the Agus river, the water source of Abaga Falls are several underground springs which flow into the top of Abaga Falls via several tributaries.
Also unlike the more popular Maria Cristina Falls, human access to Abaga Falls is severely limited due to a current lack of regularly maintained roads as well as the fact that a moderate amount of walking is required to reach the base of the falls. This level of isolation has not protected the ecosystem from damage due to deforestation and over-hunting.
The name may have been derived from the Cebuano term "abaga" which means "shoulder", possibly relating to the shape and height of the cliff.
Flora and fauna
There are a number of interesting animals that inhabit the area in and around Abaga Falls. The most notable include; the endangered Philippine eagle (Pithecophaga jefferyi) also commonly known as the "monkey-eating eagle", the rufous hornbill (Buceros hydrocorax), the endangered giant golden-crowned flying fox (Acerodon jubatus) which can only be found in the Philippines, and the Philipp |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/GRIA3 | Glutamate receptor 3 is a protein that in humans is encoded by the GRIA3 gene.
Function
Glutamate receptors are the predominant excitatory neurotransmitter receptors in the mammalian brain and are activated in a variety of normal neurophysiologic processes. These receptors are heteromeric protein complexes with multiple subunits, each possessing transmembrane regions, and all arranged to form a ligand-gated ion channel. The classification of glutamate receptors is based on their activation by different pharmacologic agonists. This gene belongs to a family of alpha-amino-3-hydroxy-5-methyl-4-isoxazole propionate (AMPA) receptors. Alternative splicing at this locus results in several different isoforms which may vary in their signal transduction properties.
Genome studies have uncovered a tentative link between defective GRIA3 variants and a highly elevated risk of schizophrenia.
Interactions
GRIA3 has been shown to interact with GRIP1 and PICK1.
RNA editing
Several ion channels and neurotransmitters receptors pre-mRNA as substrates for ADARs. This includes 5 subunits of the glutamate receptor: ionotropic AMPA glutamate receptor subunits (GluA2, GluA3, GluA4) and kainate receptor subunits (GluK1, GluK2). Glutamate gated ion channels are made up of four subunits per channel with each subunit contributing to the pore loop structure. The pore loop structure is related to that found in K+ channels (e.g., human Kv1.1 channel). The human Kv1.1 channel pre mRNA is also subject t |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Terzaghi%27s%20principle | Terzaghi's Principle states that when stress is applied to a porous material, it is opposed by the fluid pressure filling the pores in the material.
Karl von Terzaghi introduced the idea in a series of papers in the 1920s based on his examination of building consolidation on soil. The principle states that all quantifiable changes in stress to a porous medium are a direct result of a change in effective stress. The effective stress, , is related to total stress, , and the pore pressure, , by
,
where is the identity matrix. The negative sign is there because the pore pressure serves to lessen the volume-changing stress; physically this is because there is fluid in the pores which bears a part of the total stress, so partially unloading the solid matrix from normal stresses.
Terzaghi's principle applies well to porous materials whose solid constituents are incompressible - soil, for example, is composed of grains of incompressible silica so that the volume change in soil during consolidation is due solely to the rearrangement of these constituents with respect to one another. Generalizing Terzaghi's principle to include compressible solid constituents was accomplished by Maurice Anthony Biot in the 1940s, giving birth to the theory of poroelasticity and poromechanics.
Assumptions of Terzaghi's Principle
The soil is homogenous (uniform in composition throughout) and isotropic (show same physical property in each direction).
The soil is fully saturated (zero air voids due |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Osmotic%20dilator | Osmotic dilators are medical implements used to dilate the uterine cervix by swelling as they absorb fluid from surrounding tissue. They may be composed of natural or synthetic materials. A laminaria stick or tent is a thin rod made of the stems of dried Laminaria, a genus of kelp. Laminaria sticks can be generated from Laminaria japonica and Laminaria digitata. Synthetic osmotic dilators are commonly referred to by their brand names, such as Dilapan. Dilapan-S are composed of polyacrylonitrile, a plastic polymer. The hygroscopic nature of the polymer causes the dilator to absorb fluid and expand.
Use in obstetrics and gynecology
Osmotic dilators are most commonly used to slowly dilate and soften the cervix prior to surgical abortion, a process referred to as cervical preparation. Adequate cervical preparation is important prior to surgical abortions because it helps to prevent complications of dilation and evacuation (D&E), such as laceration of the cervix. Cervical preparation can be accomplished with osmotic dilators, with medications such as prostaglandins and/or mifepristone, or with a combination of these. However, there is no consensus as to which cervical preparation method is superior in terms of safety and efficacy.
At later gestational ages, osmotic dilators, including laminaria, may be used to assist in dilating the cervix. Most abortion providers use laminaria, Dilapan, or both for osmotic dilation prior to surgical abortion after 16–18 weeks gestation.
Osmo |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Richard%20Highton | Richard Highton (born December 24, 1927) is an American herpetologist, an expert on the biological classification of woodland salamanders.
Education and personal life
Highton was born in Chicago. His father encouraged his son to have an interest in herpetology. In 1950 he was awarded a bachelor's degree in biology, mathematics and sociology from New York University, with his studies interrupted by military service. He received his master's degree and Doctorate in Philosophy from the University of Florida. In 1950 he married Anne Adams and they had 4 children together.
Career
A field visit to the southern Appalachians mountains in 1948 with Carl Gans was the start of his work on salamanders.
In 1956 he joined the Zoology Department University of Maryland College Park, with emphasis on genetics and is currently Professor Emeritus in Biology. On his retirement in 1998, his collection of approximately 140,000 salamander specimens was donated to the Smithsonian Institution.
Since 1999 he has been a member of the Committee on Standard and English Scientific Names for North American Amphibians and Reptiles. He is the author or co-author of over 90 scientific publications.
Honours and awards
He was president of the American Society of Ichthyologists and Herpetologists in 1976 and President of the University of the Maryland Chapter of Sigma Xi from 1979 to 1980.
The intestinal parasite of salamanders Isospora hightoni was named in his honour.
References
University of Florida alu |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/JA%20Solar%20Holdings | JA Solar Holdings is a solar development company founded in Yangpu district, Shanghai. They design, develop, manufacture and sell solar cell and solar module products and are based in the People’s Republic of China. The company is also engaged in the manufacturing and sales of monocrystalline and multicrystalline solar cells. It sells its products primarily through a team of sales and marketing personnel to solar module manufacturers, who assemble and integrate its solar cells into modules and systems that convert sunlight into electricity. It also manufactures a variety of standard and specialty solar modules. JA Solar Holdings also sells its products to customers in Germany, Italy, Sweden, Spain, South Korea, and the United States. The company was founded in 2005 and is based in Beijing, in the People’s Republic of China. In December 2009 investors began to notice the growing market share of JA Solar which was fueled by a large subsidy from the Chinese Government.
In February 2018 the company signed a deal with Manitu Solar for Manitu to distribute JA Solar's solar modules to markets in Eastern Europe.
See also
Solar power in China
References
External links
JA Solar Updates Agreement With BP Solar
Companies formerly listed on the Nasdaq
Solar energy companies of China
2007 initial public offerings
Manufacturing companies based in Beijing
Chinese brands |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Butyl%20iodide | Butyl iodide (1-iodobutane) is an organic compound which is an iodo derivative of butane. It is used as an alkylating agent.
Isomer
The compound isobutyl iodide AKA 1-iodo-2-methylpropane is isomeric to butyl iodide.
References
Alkylating agents
Iodoalkanes |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Little%20Cay | Little Cay is an island off the British Virgin Islands in the Caribbean. It lies approximately 1.5 km off the coast of Beef Island and serves an important role in its ecosystem, primarily composed of mangroves with diverse wildlife and corals. The island is currently uninhabited.
References
Islands of the British Virgin Islands |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Householder%27s%20method | In mathematics, and more specifically in numerical analysis, Householder's methods are a class of root-finding algorithms that are used for functions of one real variable with continuous derivatives up to some order . Each of these methods is characterized by the number , which is known as the order of the method. The algorithm is iterative and has a rate of convergence of .
These methods are named after the American mathematician Alston Scott Householder.
Method
Householder's method is a numerical algorithm for solving the equation . In this case, the function has to be a function of one real variable. The method consists of a sequence of iterations
beginning with an initial guess .
If is a times continuously differentiable function and is a zero of but not of its derivative, then, in a neighborhood of , the iterates satisfy:
, for some
This means that the iterates converge to the zero if the initial guess is sufficiently close, and that the convergence has order or better. Furthermore, when close enough to , it commonly is the case that for some . In particular,
if is even and then convergence to will be from the right;
if is even and then convergence to will be from the left;
if is odd and then convergence to will be from the side where it starts; and
if is odd and then convergence to will alternate sides.
Despite their order of convergence, these methods are not widely used because the gain in precision is not commensurate with the rise |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/KBKL | KBKL (branded as "Kool 107.9") is a radio station serving Grand Junction, Colorado and vicinity with a classic hits format. This station broadcasts on FM frequency 107.9 MHz and is under ownership of Townsquare Media.
External links
Kool 107.9 - Official Site
Classic hits radio stations in the United States
BKL
Radio stations established in 1993
Townsquare Media radio stations |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Descartes%27%20theorem%20%28disambiguation%29 | Descartes' theorem may refer to:
Descartes' theorem concerning four mutually tangent circles
Descartes' theorem on total angular defect
Descartes' rule of signs |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Raghu%20Raj%20Bahadur | Raghu Raj Bahadur (30 April 1924 – 7 June 1997) was an Indian statistician considered by peers to be "one of the architects of the modern theory of mathematical statistics".
Biography
Bahadur was born in Delhi, India, and received his BA (1943) and MA (1945) in mathematics from St. Stephen’s College, University of Delhi . He received his doctorate from the University of North Carolina under Herbert Robbins in 1950 after which he joined University of Chicago. He worked as a research statistician at the Indian Statistical Institute in Calcutta from 1956 to 1961. He spent the remainder of his academic career in the University of Chicago. He is a cousin to Madhur Jaffrey.
Contributions
He published numerous papers and is best known for the concepts of "Bahadur efficiency" and the Bahadur–Ghosh–Kiefer representation (with J. K. Ghosh and Jack Kiefer).
He also framed the Anderson–Bahadur algorithm along with Theodore Wilbur Anderson which is used in statistics and engineering for solving binary classification problems when the underlying data have multivariate normal distributions with different covariance matrices.
Legacy
He held the John Simon Guggenheim Fellowship (1968–69) and was the 1974 Wald Lecturer of the IMS. He was the President of the Institute of Mathematical Statistics during 1974–75 and was elected a Fellow of the American Academy of Arts and Sciences in 1986.
References
External links
1924 births
1997 deaths
Indian statisticians
20th-century Indian mathem |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ceramide%20glucosyltransferase | Ceramide glucosyltransferase (or glucosylceramide synthase) is a glucosyltransferase enzyme involved in the production of glucocerebroside.
It is classified under .
It is inhibited by miglustat and eliglustat, both drugs developed for the treatment of Gaucher disease.
See also
Glucocerebroside
References
External links
Transferases |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Alglucosidase%20alfa | Alglucosidase alfa, sold under the brand name Myozyme among others, is an enzyme replacement therapy (ERT) orphan drug for treatment of Pompe disease (Glycogen storage disease type II), a rare lysosomal storage disorder (LSD).
Chemically, the drug is an analog of the enzyme that is deficient in patients affected by Pompe disease, alpha-glucosidase. It is the first drug available to treat this disease.
It was approved for medical use in the United States in April 2006, as Myozyme and in May 2010, as Lumizyme.
Medical uses
Alglucosidase alfa is indicated for people with Pompe disease (GAA deficiency).
In 2014 the U.S. Food and Drug Administration announced the approval of alglucosidase alfa for treatment of people with infantile-onset Pompe disease, including people who are less than eight years of age. In addition, the Risk Evaluation and Mitigation Strategy (REMS) is being eliminated.
Side effects
Common observed adverse reactions to alglucosidase alfa treatment are pneumonia, respiratory complications, infections and fever. More serious reactions reported include heart and lung failure and allergic shock. Myozyme boxes carry warnings regarding the possibility of life-threatening allergic response.
Economics
Some American health plans have refused to subsidize Myozyme for adults because it lacks approval for treatment in adults, as well as its high cost (US$ 300,000 per year for life).
In 2015, Lumizyme was ranked the costliest drug per patient, with an average charge o |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/U.S.%20Route%2070%20in%20North%20Carolina | U.S. Route 70 (US 70) is a part of the United States Numbered Highway System that runs from Globe, Arizona, to the Crystal Coast of the US state of North Carolina. In North Carolina, it is a major east–west highway that runs from the Tennessee border to the Atlantic Ocean. From the Tennessee state line near Paint Rock to Asheville it follows the historic Dixie Highway, running concurrently with US 25. The highway connects several major cities including Asheville, High Point, Greensboro, Durham, Raleigh, Goldsboro, and New Bern. From Beaufort on east, US 70 shares part of the Outer Banks Scenic Byway, a National Scenic Byway, before ending in the community of Atlantic, located along Core Sound.
US 70 is an original US Highway, signed on November 11, 1926, when the US Highway System was approved. Since then, the highway has been realigned in places. One of the larger extensions of US 70 came in 1931 when the highway was extended concurrently along North Carolina Highway 101 (NC 101) from Beaufort to Atlantic. While sections of US 70 have been converted to freeway standards, along most of the routing it is a four-lane highway. Several new projects beginning in the 2000s have placed US 70 on interstate grade freeways, such as the Clayton and Goldsboro bypasses. On May 24, 2016, AASHTO assigned the Future I-42 designation to the majority of US 70's routing east of Garner. Additionally, a short freeway segment in east Durham was officially designated as I-885 on June 30, 2022, a |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/PlusTV | PlusTV was a finnish pay-broadcasting television network that was sign on 2006-2016 and is owned by Finnish telecommunications service DNA Oyj,
PlusTV turned into released in 2006 as a virtual terrestrial tv (DTT) service. It turned into the first commercial DTT service in Finland, and it quickly gained a following among visitors who have been looking for an alternative to conventional cable and satellite TV. PlusTV's primary selling factor was its wide range of channels, which includes numerous HD channels, which have been no longer available on different structures on the time.
One of the specific functions of PlusTV become its use of a hybrid broadcast broadband TV (HbbTV) platform. This platform allowed visitors to access extra content material and offerings, together with interactive applications and trap-up TV, via their broadband net connection. PlusTV become one of the first broadcasters in Europe to undertake this technology, and it helped to set up the carrier as a pacesetter within the virtual TV market.
Despite its early fulfillment, PlusTV faced some of challenges inside the years that accompanied. One of the largest demanding situations become the emergence of latest digital TV offerings, which include Netflix, Nickelodeon, Discovery Channel, MTV3, MTV Finland, MTV3 Juniori, Fakta, Eurosport and HBO Nordic, which provided on-call for streaming of TV indicates and movies. These offerings appealed to more youthful viewers who had been much less interested by co |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Amperex%20Electronic | Amperex Electronic Corporation was a manufacturer of vacuum tubes and semiconductors.
Brooklyn, New York
Originally located at 79 Washington Street in Brooklyn, New York, Amperex was a long-established manufacturer of transmitting tubes when they were acquired by the Dutch firm, Philips, (known more widely as Norelco in the US), around 1955. Philips continued to improve and enlarge the tube plant in New York, but also used the Amperex name to distribute their new line of Dutch-made miniature tubes, (12AX7, 12AU7, 12AT7) to feed the booming U.S. hi-fi market. Classic hi-fi brands such as Marantz, Fisher, and H. H. Scott, Inc., used these tubes. Amperex also produced the 6DJ8, 6922 and 7308 frame grid tubes. Developed by Amperex in 1958 when transistors were beginning to supplant tubes and originally developed for video and radar use, the 6DJ8 also excelled in audio amplifiers needing its high transconductance, and it still has a niche market among audiophiles.
Amperex tubes were original equipment parts in many models of Tektronix and Hewlett-Packard test equipment. Although Amperex stopped making vacuum tubes long ago, hoards of new old stock (especially the original "Bugle Boy" series) are traded for profit, and other manufacturers produced compatible tubes more recently.
Hicksville, New York
A new factory was constructed at 230 Duffy Avenue, Hicksville, New York, to manufacture electron tubes and semiconductors. Miniature receiving tubes, magnetrons, X-ray tubes, Gei |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vince%20Hilaire | Vincent Mark Hilaire (born 10 October 1959) is a retired professional footballer who played in the Football League for Crystal Palace, Luton Town, Portsmouth, Leeds United, Stoke City and Exeter City. He was one of the first established black players in English football.
Career
Hilaire began his career with Crystal Palace as a 17-year-old in a 3–2 defeat at Lincoln City in March 1977 and rose to prominence with the side prophesied to be the "Team of the Eighties" after winning the Second Division championship title in 1978–79. He made 255 league appearances for Crystal Palace, scoring 29 goals, and was Supporters 'Player of The Year' in 1979 and 1980. He also played one summer season in the NASL with the San Jose Earthquakes in 1982.
He joined Luton Town in July 1984 but made only six appearances before being transferred to Portsmouth a few months later in November 1984, where he made 146 appearances, scoring 25 goals. He moved to Leeds United in the summer of 1988, playing 51 games and scoring seven goals, then moved on to Stoke City in November 1989 on loan, joining them on a permanent transfer in November 1990. He later joined Exeter City in 1991 where he made 33 appearances, scoring four goals, in the 1991–92 season. He joined Southern League side Waterlooville in the summer of 1992, as joint player-manager along with his ex-Palace teammate Billy Gilbert, but he left the club and retired from football before the end of the season, leaving Gilbert as sole player-manager. |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/HMGA | HMGA is a family of high mobility group proteins characterized by an AT-hook. They code for a "small, nonhistone, chromatin-associated protein that has no intrinsic transcriptional activity but can modulate transcription by altering the chromatin architecture". Mammals have two orthologs: HMGA1 and HMGA2.
Genomic distribution
In mouse embryonic stem cells it has been demonstrated that both HMGA proteins binds uniformly to the DNA due to their AT-hook domains, with a slight preference for AT-rich regions/ Such regions tend to lack coding genes, an observation that argues against a direct role in transcriptional control and in agreement with previous studies, suggest that these proteins have a structural role in the chromatin, similar to histone.
Function
Normally, when cells are subjected to increased DNA damage (such as the formation of 6-O-methylguanine) this causes an increase in apoptosis (programmed cell death). However, cells with diminished activity for either proteins HMGA1 or HMGA2 (or both together) are more tolerant of such DNA damage than cells in which these proteins are not diminished. Thus a normal function of the HMGA1 and HMGA2 proteins appears to be to signal the presence of DNA damage leading to induction of apoptosis.
Association with human traits
Variations in HMGA2 to have a moderate association with adult height.
See also
HMGA1
HMGA2
References
External links
Transcription factors |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Brent%20Fitz | Brent Fitz (born March 27, 1970) is a Canadian musician and multi-instrumentalist. In his career, he has worked with Slash, Myles Kennedy, Theory of a Deadman, Alice Cooper, Vince Neil, Union, Gene Simmons, The Guess Who, Brad Whitford from Aerosmith, Derek St. Holmes, Ronnie Montrose, Indigenous, Lamya, Streetheart, Harlequin, and Econoline Crush.
Biography
Early life
Brent is a native of Winnipeg, Manitoba, Canada where he grew up with his parents Mervyn and Audrey Fitz and a sister, Brenda, who is also a professional musician. He attended and graduated from John Taylor Collegiate in 1988. His parents continue to take a keen interest in his career, with his mother Audrey cited as saying "we get to look at his tour schedule and follow him across the world". After leaving Winnipeg in the mid 1990s, he lived for some time in Los Angeles, California and currently resides in Las Vegas, Nevada, as does his sister.
Fitz started piano lessons at the age of five and drums at the age of ten, playing percussion in his middle school and high school jazz and concert band music programs. He received piano and theory training through The Royal Conservatory of Music in Toronto, Ontario and graduated in 1994. In 1985, Brent answered an ad for a teaching job at a local drum shop in Winnipeg, and despite being only 15 at the time, was hired based on his excelled musical ability and people skills.
Move to LA
Fitz got his professional start at age 15, playing in various Winnipeg clubs an |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jango%20%28TV%20series%29 | Jango is a British police comedy series produced in 1961 by Associated Rediffusion for ITV. It starred Robert Urquhart in the lead role of Jango Smith, with Moira Redmond as Dee Smith, his wife. The show also featured performances by Peter Sallis and Brian Wilde. The show's writer was Albert Henry Webb and its director was Cyril Coke.
Plot
Episode status
The show had eight episodes. All were believed lost, until the mid-1990s when a kinescope of one episode was discovered.
Reception
The Stage and Television Today criticised the show, writing, "The half-hour needs a dose of good comedy writing to make it work, because at present it is just feeble. A pity that delightful Moira Redmond cannot be featured in a programme of her own. She has an obvious feeling for a piquant comedy role, but cannot really make out with the present material."
References
External links
1961 British television series debuts
1961 British television series endings
1960s British sitcoms
1960s British police comedy television series
ITV sitcoms
English-language television shows
Black-and-white British television shows |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/KEKB%20%28FM%29 | KEKB is a radio station serving Grand Junction, Colorado and its vicinity with a country music format. This station broadcasts on FM frequency 99.9 MHz and is under ownership of Townsquare Media, through licensee Townsquare License, LLC. The station began broadcasting May 24, 1984.
References
External links
99.9 KEKB - Official Site
Country radio stations in the United States
Radio stations established in 1984
EKB
Townsquare Media radio stations
1984 establishments in Colorado |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Anti-apolipoprotein%20antibodies | In autoimmune disease, anti-apolipoprotein H (AAHA) antibodies, also called anti-β2 glycoprotein I antibodies, comprise a subset of anti-cardiolipin antibodies and lupus anticoagulant. These antibodies are involved in sclerosis and are strongly associated with thrombotic forms of lupus. As a result AAHA are strongly implicated in autoimmune deep vein thrombosis.
Also, it was proposed that AAHA is responsible for lupus anticoagulant. However, antiphospholipid antibodies bind phospholipids at sites similar to sites bound by anti-coagulants such as PAP1 sites and augment anti-coagulation activity.
This contrasts with the major, specific, activity of AAHA, defining a subset of anti-cardiolipin antibodies that specifically interacts with Apo-H. AHAA only inhibits the anti-coagulation activity in the presence of Apo-H and the AAHA component of ACLA correlates with a history of frequent thrombosis. This can be contrasted with lupus anticoagulant which inhibits agglutination in the presence of thrombin. A subset of AHAA appear to mimic the activity of lupus anticoagulant and increase Apo-H binding to phospholipids. These two activities can be differentiated by the binding to Apo-H domains, whereas binding to the 5th domain promotes that anti-coagulant activity binding to the more N-terminal domains promotes lupus anticoagulant-like activities.
AAHA interferes with factor Xa inhibition by Apo-H increasing factor Xa generation. However, like Apo-H the Lupus anticoagulant inhibits fac |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vesiculo-vacuolar%20organelle | A vesiculo-vacuolar organelle (VVO) is an organelle that contributes to endothelial cell permeability. VVOs are found in the endothelium of normal blood vessels and vessels associated with tumors or allergic inflammation.
VVOs actively transport fluid and macromolecules from the cytoplasm of endothelial cells into the blood vessel lumen, contributing to the increase in vascular permeability that occurs during the process of inflammation. This kind of transport is mediated by VEGF, one of the chemical mediators of inflammation.
References
Organelles
Angiology |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/SGM | SGM, or sgm, may refer to:
Science
Second Generation Multiplex DNA profiling system - also see SGM+
Scanning gate microscopy
Spherical Grating Monochromator beamline of Canadian Light Source
Semi-global matching algorithm in stereo imaging
16S rRNA (guanine1405-N7)-methyltransferase, an enzyme
Sexual and Gender Minorities
Organisations
SAIC-GM, joint venture between SAIC and General Motors
Scripture Gift Mission, London, UK
Servicio Geológico Mexicano, the Mexican Geological Survey
Sims Group Limited S&P/ASX 200 code
Sociedad Geológica Mexicana, the Mexican Geological Society
Sociedade Gestora de Fundos de Pensões Mundial, S.A., a subsidiary of Banco Internacional do Funchal
Sovereign Grace Ministries, later Sovereign Grace Churches
Swiss Meteorological Society (Schweizerische Gesellschaft für Meteorologie)
Places
Singkawang Grand Mall, Indonesia
1 SGM, a "census town" in India
South Glamorgan, preserved county in Wales, Chapman code
Transport
Schweizer SGM 1-19, a motorized glider
Schweizer SGM 2-37, a motorized glider
SGM, the National Rail code for St Germans railway station, Cornwall, UK
SGM, the IATA code for San Ignacio Airfield, Baja California Sur, Mexico
Stadsgewestelijk Materieel, a Dutch train
Other uses
Improved Soviet SG-43 Goryunov machine gun
Science Guard Members, in the Japanese Mirrorman (TV series)
Sea Gallantry Medal, UK
Sergeant Major, US military rank
SGM, another name for the GSM blend of Australian wine
sgm, the I |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/RGS4 | Regulator of G protein signaling 4 also known as RGP4 is a protein that in humans is encoded by the RGS4 gene. RGP4 regulates G protein signaling.
Function
Regulator of G protein signalling (RGS) family members are regulatory molecules that act as GTPase activating proteins (GAPs) for G alpha subunits of heterotrimeric G proteins. RGS proteins are able to deactivate G protein subunits of the Gi alpha, Go alpha and Gq alpha subtypes. They drive G proteins into their inactive GDP-bound forms. Regulator of G protein signaling 4 belongs to this family. All RGS proteins share a conserved 120-amino acid sequence termed the RGS domain which conveys GAP activity. Regulator of G protein signaling 4 protein is 37% identical to RGS1 and 97% identical to rat Rgs4. This protein negatively regulates signaling upstream or at the level of the heterotrimeric G protein and is localized in the cytoplasm.
Clinical significance
A number of studies associate the RGS4 gene with schizophrenia, while some fail to detect an association.
RGS4 is also of interest as one of the three main RGS proteins (along with RGS9 and RGS17) involved in terminating signalling by the mu opioid receptor, and may be important in the development of tolerance to opioid drugs.
Inhibitors
cyclic peptides
CCG-4986
Interactions
RGS4 has been shown to interact with:
COPB2,
ERBB3, and
GNAQ.
References
Further reading
Proteins |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sequence%20hypothesis | The sequence hypothesis was first formally proposed in the review "On Protein Synthesis" by Francis Crick in 1958. It states that the sequence of bases in the genetic material (DNA or RNA) determines the sequence of amino acids for which that segment of nucleic acid codes, and this amino acid sequence determines the three-dimensional structure into which the protein folds. The three-dimensional structure of a protein is required for a protein to be functional. This hypothesis then lays the essential link between information stored and inherited in nucleic acids to the chemical processes which enable life to exist.
Or, as Crick put it in 1958:
This description is further amplified in the article and, in discussing how a protein folds up into its three-dimensional structure, Crick suggested that "the folding is simply a function of the order of the amino acids" in the protein.
References
See also
Central dogma of molecular biology
Nucleic acids
Biology theories |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Anton%20Lichkov | Anton Lichkov (: born 5 August 1980 in Petrich) is a Bulgarian former footballer, who played as a defender.
External links
2007-08 Statistics, 2006-07 Statistics & 2005-06 Statistics at PFL.bg
1980 births
Living people
Bulgarian men's footballers
First Professional Football League (Bulgaria) players
PFC Slavia Sofia players
PFC Beroe Stara Zagora players
OFC Belasitsa Petrich players
FC Montana players
People from Petrich
Men's association football defenders
Footballers from Blagoevgrad Province |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Zhelyo%20Zhelev | Zhelyo Zhelev (born 24 February 1987 in Stara Zagora) is a Bulgarian footballer currently playing for Vereya Stara Zagora as a midfielder.
External links
2007-08 Statistics
Bulgarian men's footballers
1987 births
Living people
First Professional Football League (Bulgaria) players
PFC Beroe Stara Zagora players
Men's association football midfielders
Footballers from Stara Zagora |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cell%20synchronization | Cell synchronization is a process by which cells in a culture at different stages of the cell cycle are brought to the same phase. Cell synchrony is a vital process in the study of cells progressing through the cell cycle as it allows population-wide data to be collected rather than relying solely on single-cell experiments. The types of synchronization are broadly categorized into two groups; physical fractionization and chemical blockade.
Physical Separation
Physical fractionation is a process by which continuously dividing cells are separated into phase-enriched populations based on characteristics such as the following:
Cell density
Cell size
The presence of cell surface epitopes marked by antibodies
Light scatter
Fluorescent emission by labeled cells.
Given that cells take on varying morphologies and surface markers throughout the cell cycle, these traits can be used to separate by phase. There are two commonly used methods.
Centrifugal Elutriation
(Previously called: counter streaming centrifugation) Centrifugal elutriation can be used to separate cells in different phases of the cell cycle based on their size and sedimentation velocity (related to sedimentation coefficient). Because of the consistent growth patterns throughout the cell cycle, centrifugal elutriation can separate cells into G1, S, G2, and M phases by increasing size (and increasing sedimentation coefficients) with diminished resolution between G2 and M phases due to cellular heterogeneity and lack |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/CDF%20Aviation%20Management%20Program | The CAL FIRE Aviation Management Program is a branch of the California Department of Forestry and Fire Protection (known also as CAL FIRE). Due to the frequency and severity of wildfires in California, the state has elected to establish its own aerial firefighting force rather than rely solely on national resources. The Aviation Management Program is based at McClellan Airfield near Sacramento, California.
Overview
In support of its ground forces, the California Department of Forestry and Fire Protection (CAL FIRE) emergency response air program includes 23 Grumman S-2T 1,200 gallon airtankers, 12 UH-1H Super Huey helicopters, and 16 OV-10A airtactical aircraft. It is in the process of adding 7 C-130H 4,000 gallon airtankers. These aircraft are stationed at 14 airtanker and 11 (10 CAL FIRE, 1 joint CAL FIRE/San Diego County Sheriff) helitack bases located statewide, and can reach most fires within 20 minutes. During high fire activity, CAL FIRE may move aircraft to better provide statewide air support.
The airtactical planes fly overhead at a fire, directing the airtankers and helicopters to critical areas of the fire for retardant and water drops. The retardant used to slow or retard the spread of a fire is a slurry mix consisting of a chemical salt compound, water, clay or a gum-thickening agent, and a coloring agent. While both air tankers and helicopters are equipped to carry fire retardant or water, the helicopters can also transport firefighters, equipment and injured |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Apetala%202 | Apetala 2 (AP2) is a gene and a member of a large family of transcription factors, the AP2/EREBP family. In Arabidopsis thaliana AP2 plays a role in the ABC model of flower development. It was originally thought that this family of proteins was plant-specific; however, recent studies have shown that apicomplexans, including the causative agent of malaria, Plasmodium falciparum encode a related set of transcription factors, called the ApiAP2 family.
In the A. thaliana transcription factor RAV1 the N-terminal AP2 domain binds 5'-CAACA-3' sequence, while the C-terminal highly conserved B3 domain binds 5'-CACCTG-3' sequence.
Structure and Biological Content of AP2
Through recent studies, Apetala 2 is found to have a major role in hormone regulation, specific in flowers and plants, such as the AGAMOUS. The study that determined this, done by Ogawa, was created to clarify the relationship between Apetala 2 and AtEBP in gene expression. The results showed that over-expression of AtEBP caused upregulation of AP2 expression in leaves which suggested that the N-terminal region is not required to produce AP2-like phenotypes. AP2 also makes up another compound called ANT, which is composed of two AP2 domains homologous with the DNA binding domain of ethylene response element binding proteins. Another study by Maes, T. titled Petunia Ap2-like genes and their role in flower and seed development, discovered three AP2-like proteins from petunia and by studying their expression patterns in |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Percoll | Percoll is a tool for efficient density separation in Cell biology that was first formulated by Pertoft and colleagues. It is used for the isolation of cells, organelles, and/or viruses by density centrifugation. Percoll consists of colloidal silica particles of 15–30 nm diameter (23% w/w in water) which have been coated with polyvinylpyrrolidone (PVP).
Percoll is well suited for density gradient experiments because it possesses a low viscosity compared to alternatives, a low osmolarity, and no toxicity towards cells and their constituents.
Percoll is a registered trademark of GE Healthcare.
Characteristics
Percoll does not notably diffuse over time, resulting in the formation of very stable gradients. Therefore, both discontinuous and continuous Percoll density gradients can be prepared weeks in advance, allowing great reproducibility & ease of use.
Past use in artificial reproduction
Percoll was previously used in assisted reproductive technology (ART) to select sperm from semen by density gradient centrifugation, for use in techniques such as in vitro fertilization or intrauterine insemination. However, in 1996, Pharmacia sent out a letter to laboratories stating that Percoll should be used for research purposes only, not clinical. Pharmacia had not marketed it as a sperm preparation product; it had been repackaged and sold as such by third-party manufacturers. The FDA Warning Letter was due to concerns that PVP might cause damage to sperm (an unknown issue), and also |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Trentepohliales | Trentepohliales is an order of Ulvophyceaen green algae. The order is characterized by traits like net-like chloroplasts without pyrenoids, cell walls with plasmodesmata and cytokinesis by production of a phragmoplast.
References
Chlorophyta orders
Ulvophyceae |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jouni%20Loponen | Jouni Loponen (born 1 July 1971) is a Finnish ice hockey defender. He played for the Spokane Chiefs in 1988–89, he is a 4-times Finnish champion and in 2004, he won Elitserien.
Career statistics
References
External links
Eurohockey.net profile
Finnish ice hockey defencemen
Spokane Chiefs players
HC TPS players
Living people
1971 births |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Calypso%20Cat | Calypso Cat is a Tom and Jerry animated short film, produced in 1961 and released on June 22, 1962. It was the seventh of the thirteen cartoons in the series to be directed by Gene Deitch and produced by William L. Snyder in Czechoslovakia.
While the Deitch shorts were generally negatively-received by the Tom and Jerry fans, this particular short is often considered one of the best of the thirteen cartoons. This is due to its love triangle that harkens back to the Hanna-Barbera era, as well as the background art and the calypso-flavored soundtrack.
Plot
While chasing Jerry around a dock Tom sees and instantly falls in love with a female cat. The female cat appears to return Tom's interest, so Tom sneaks aboard the ship the female cat and her owner have just boarded.
Jerry follows Tom onto the boat and proceeds to interfere with Tom's subsequent flirtations. On board the ship, Tom gives the Persian cat a tray of refreshments, but the mouse intends to give trouble by booting the bench the female cat's sitting on as she begins to enjoy the refreshments on the tray. Then, when the refreshments are dumped on her (by Jerry collapsing her chair), and Tom trips and falls on her when getting a wet towel, the Persian cat gets annoyed and bangs the tray onto Tom's head that it turns the shape of a bell.
Now the Persian cat plans on ignoring Tom, but Tom decides to certify her with something else. Just then, the second trouble Jerry is trying to give is to put a bouquet of flowers in |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cartilage%20oligomeric%20matrix%20protein | Cartilage oligomeric matrix protein (COMP), also known as thrombospondin-5, is an extracellular matrix (ECM) protein primarily present in cartilage. In humans it is encoded by the COMP gene.
Function
The protein encoded by this gene is a noncollagenous extracellular matrix (ECM) protein. It consists of five identical glycoprotein subunits, each with EGF-like and calcium-binding (thrombospondin-like) domains. Oligomerization results from formation of a five-stranded coiled coil and disulfide bonds. Binding to other ECM proteins such as collagen appears to depend on divalent cations. Mutations can cause the osteochondrodysplasias pseudoachondroplasia (PSACH) and multiple epiphyseal dysplasia (MED).
COMP is a marker of cartilage turnover. It is present in high quantities in fibrotic scars and systemic sclerosis, and it appears to have a role in vascular wall remodeling.
References
Further reading
External links
GeneReviews/NCBI/NIH/UW entry on Pseudoachondroplasia
GeneReviews/NCBI/NIH/UW entry on Multiple Epiphyseal Dysplasia, Dominant
Extracellular matrix proteins
Thrombospondins |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ziproxy | Ziproxy is a forwarding, non-caching, compressing, HTTP proxy server targeted for traffic optimization.
The ziproxy software is regarded as lightweight in terms of memory and processing power consumption.
This software works by recompressing pictures (such as JPEG, GIF, PNG, JPEG 2000), gzipping text and HTML/JS/CSS data optimization. Additionally it offers latency reduction by preemptive name resolution.
Further functionalities of compression are supplied by means of optimization of code, named HTMLopt, CSSopt and JSopt (HTML/CSS/JS) which are analogous with Minification (programming).
Currently there are ports being maintained by third parties for Debian, Gentoo Linux, FreeBSD, and OpenBSD.
See also
Bandwidth management for measuring and controlling the communications (traffic, packets) on a network link
Comparison of web servers
Comparison of lightweight web servers
Proxy server which discusses client-side proxies
Reverse proxy which discusses origin-side proxies
Web accelerator which discusses host-based HTTP acceleration
External links
Official project homepage
Debian entry
FreeBSD ports entry
Gentoo-Portage entry
Ziproxy for iPhone - iPhone as a Ziproxy client
Ziproxy - Proxy de compactação e redução de imagens
Web accelerators
Proxy servers
Unix network-related software |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jonathan%20Hivert | Jonathan Hivert (born 23 March 1985) is a former French professional road bicycle racer, who last rode for UCI ProTeam .
Career
In 2013, Chambray-lès-Tours Hivert won the general classification of the 2.1 event Étoile de Bessèges. He was 3 seconds in arrears of Jérôme Cousin of before the final time trial, and he finally got the first position after besting Cousin by 7 seconds on the stage. Hivert joined for the 2014 season, after his previous team – – folded at the end of the 2013 season.
In October 2020, he was named in the startlist for the 2020 Vuelta a España. In the same month, Hivert signed a two-year contract with the team, later renamed as .
Major results
2003
2nd Road race, National Junior Road Championships
2005
2nd Paris–Mantes-en-Yvelines
6th Liège–Bastogne–Liège U23
2007
5th Overall Tour de Luxembourg
2008
2nd Overall Circuit de Lorraine
1st Stage 1
6th Grand Prix d'Ouverture La Marseillaise
6th Tour du Doubs
10th Overall Étoile de Bessèges
10th Tour de Vendée
2009
5th Hel van het Mergelland
6th Overall Étoile de Bessèges
6th Grand Prix de Wallonie
8th Overall Paris–Nice
8th Grand Prix d'Ouverture La Marseillaise
2010
1st Grand Prix d'Ouverture La Marseillaise
2nd Tour du Doubs
3rd Tour de Vendée
4th Grand Prix d'Isbergues
9th Overall Paris–Corrèze
2011
1st Klasika Primavera
1st Paris–Troyes
1st Stage 2 Vuelta a Andalucía
2nd Overall Tour du Gévaudan
4th Boucles de l'Aulne
2012
1st Stage 2 Tour de Romandie
2nd Tour de Vendée
4 |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Police%20Forensic%20Science%20Laboratory%20Dundee | The Police Forensic Science Laboratory Dundee (PFSLD) was established in April 1989. There are four main departments: Biology, Chemistry, the national DNA Database and Quality/Administration.
PFSLD is funded by and serves Central Scotland Police, Fife Constabulary and Tayside Police and along with the 3 other police laboratories in Scotland, is independent from the Forensic Science Service of England and Wales. The PFSLD houses the DNA database for the whole of Scotland, and exports copies to the UK National DNA Database.
Further reading
See also
DNA
Forensic science
Law enforcement in Scotland
External links
Official website
1989 establishments in Scotland
Law enforcement agencies of Scotland
Organisations based in Dundee
Science and technology in Dundee
Databases in Scotland
Government databases in the United Kingdom
Government agencies established in 1989
Forensics organizations
Science and technology in Scotland |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vbcc | vbcc is a portable and retargetable ANSI C compiler. It supports C89 (ISO/IEC 9899:1989) as well as parts of C99 (ISO/IEC 9899:1999).
It is divided into two parts. One is target-independent and the other is target-dependent. vbcc provides complete abstraction of host-arithmetic and target-arithmetic. It fully supports cross-compiling for 8-bit, 16-bit, 32-bit and 64-bit architectures.
Embedded systems are supported by features such as different pointer sizes, ROM-able code, inline assembly, bit-types, interrupt handlers, section attributes, and stack usage calculation (depending on the backend).
vbcc supports the following backends, with different degrees of maturity: 68K, ColdFire, PowerPC, 6502, VideoCore, 80x86 (386 and above), Alpha, C16x/ST10, 6809/6309/68HC12, and Z-machine.
The compiler itself can run on all common operating systems, including Windows, Mac OS X, and Unix/Linux.
Optimizations
The compiler provides a large set of high-level optimizations as well as target-specific optimizations to produce faster or smaller code. It is also able to optimize across functions and modules. Target-independent optimizations supported by vbcc include:
cross-module function inlining
partial inlining of recursive functions
interprocedural dataflow analysis
interprocedural register allocation
register allocation for global variables
global common subexpression elimination
global constant propagation
global copy propagation
dead code elimination
alias analysis
loop |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Polilight | The Polilight is a portable, high-intensity, filtered light source used by forensic scientists and others to detect fingerprints, bodily fluids and other evidence from crime scenes and other places.
Similar products to the Polilight Hola include the Foster + Freeman Crime-lite, Ultralite ALS and the Optimax Multilite, all of which use light-emitting diodes to produce high-intensity light of varying wavelengths.
History
The device was invented by Pierre Margot, Ron Warrener, Hilton Kobus, Milutin Stoilovic and Chris Lennard. It was developed from a research project to find an alternative to the laser method of fingerprint detection used in the 1970s. In the 1980s, the project began at the Australian National University. It was funded by the Australian Federal Police. The university's commercial company, Anutech Pty Ltd, sold the concept to Rofin Australia Pty Ltd, who developed it into the Polilight.
Several Polilight models have been released, including the Polilight 6/150W, Polilight 10/300W and the Polilight500, sometimes abbreviated to PL6, PL10 and PL500. The PL500 ('500' refers to the power in watts of the xenon arc lamp) has eleven monochromatic bands, a ‘blank’ position that provides high intensity white light in the range from 380 to 650 nm and an optional infra-red output suitable for document examination.
The Polilight was named by the Powerhouse Museum as one of the top 100 Australian innovations of the 20th century. Its worldwide use was acknowledged by the |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/European%20Collection%20of%20Authenticated%20Cell%20Cultures | The European Collection of Authenticated Cell Cultures houses and supplies cell lines.
It is part of the Culture Collections of Public Health England. The collection is held in Porton Down.
ECACC, which was established in 1985, consists of a team with specialist knowledge which supply authenticated cell lines, induced Pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs) and nucleic acids to provide stock for the research community. ECACC is one of the first collections of authenticated cell cultures worldwide and now holds cell lines from 45 species including 50 tissue types, 300 HLA types, over 800 genetic disorders and roughly 450 monoclonal antibodies.
ECACC products are trademarked with Public Health England and the trademark cannot be used without a licence agreement which can be requested through contact with PHE Culture Collections. All ECACC products can be found at the culture collections website alongside a range of services such as Mycoplasma testing and training courses for cell culture.
References
External links
Culture Collections
Official home page
Biological research institutes in the United Kingdom
Culture collections
Genetics in the United Kingdom
Microbiology organizations
Public Health England
Science and technology in Wiltshire |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2007%20bomb%20plot%20in%20Germany | The 2007 bomb plot in Germany, planned by the al-Qaeda controlled Islamic Jihad Union (IJU), affiliated Sauerland terror cell (), was discovered following an extensive nine-month investigation. That involved more than 600 agents in five German states. The number of agents involved in a counterterrorism operation led by the federal police had never been the case before. At the same time, Danish police in Copenhagen were busy with explosives. A Pakistani and an Afghan man have been charged with preparing to carry out their attacks under al-Qaeda plans. Authorities said they were unaware of any direct links between the terrorists arrested in the two European countries. Three men were arrested on 4 September 2007 while leaving a rented cottage in the Oberschledorn district of Medebach, Germany where they had stored 700 kg (1,500 lb) of a hydrogen peroxide-based mixture and 26 military-grade detonators, and were attempting to build car bombs. A supporter was arrested in Turkey. All four had attended an IJU-training camp in the border region between Afghanistan and Pakistan in 2006. They were convicted in 2010 and given prison sentences of varying lengths; all have since been released.
Perpetrators
Two of the perpetrators were German converts to Islam from Christianity, and two were German-Turks. In 2006, all four attended a paramilitary training camp run by the Islamic Jihad Union in Waziristan.
The perpetrators were primarily motivated by strong anti-Americanism fuelled by int |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/ENF | ENF may refer to:
East Neuk Festival, an annual music festival
Eclaireurs Neutres de France, a French Scouting association
Electrical network frequency analysis
Elks National Foundation, in the United States
Enfield Town railway station, in London
Enontekiö Airport, in Finland
EuroNanoForum, a nanotechnology conference
Europe of Nations and Freedom, a former political group in the European Parliament
Forest Enets language |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Domingo%20Perurena | Domingo Perurena Telletxea or Txomin Perurena (15 December 1943 – 8 June 2023) was a Spanish professional road racing cyclist. He was most famous for winning the overall mountains classification of 1974 Tour de France. He also finished second at the 1975 Vuelta a España and won a total of 12 stages in this race.
Perurena died on 8 June 2023, at the age of 79.
Major results
1965
1st Vuelta a Cantabria
2nd Team time trial, UCI Road World Championships
9th Overall Tour de l'Avenir
1st Stage 8
1966
1st Subida al Naranco
1st Stage 18 Vuelta a España
2nd GP Pascuas
5th Overall Vuelta a Andalucía
9th Overall Euskal Bizikleta
1st Stage 4
1967
1st Overall Setmana Catalana de Ciclisme
1st Stages 3 & 5
1st Trofeo Juan Fina
1st Stage 2 Vuelta a España
Volta a la Comunitat Valenciana
1st Stages 4 & 7
3rd Trofeo Masferrer
4th Overall Euskal Bizikleta
1st Stage 3
7th Gran Premio Fedrácion Catalana de Ciclismo
1968
1st GP Pascuas
1st Trofeo Juan Fina
1st Barcelona-Andorra
1st Stage 10 Vuelta a España
1st Stage 3 Volta a Catalunya
1st Stage 2 Euskal Bizikleta
1st Stage 3 Vuelta Ciclista a La Rioja
7th Overall Setmana Catalana de Ciclisme
1st Stage 6
1969
1st GP Pascuas
1st Clásica de Sabiñánigo
1st Stage 4 Vuelta a España
Vuelta Ciclista a La Rioja
1st Stages 2 & 3b
1st Stage 7 Volta a la Comunitat Valenciana
9th Overall Tour of the Basque Country
1st Stage 5b (ITT)
1970
1st Trofeo Elola
1st Stage 5 Volta a la Comunitat Valenciana
1st Stage 2 Tour de Picardie
1st Stage 2a Vuelta Ciclist |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Plutonium%28III%29%20chloride | Plutonium(III) chloride is a chemical compound with the formula PuCl3. This ionic plutonium salt can be prepared by reacting the metal with hydrochloric acid.
Structure
Plutonium atoms in crystalline PuCl3 are 9 coordinate, and the structure is tricapped trigonal prismatic. It crystallizes as the trihydrate, and forms lavender-blue solutions in water.
Safety
As with all plutonium compounds, it is subject to control under the Nuclear Non-Proliferation Treaty. Due to the radioactivity of plutonium, all of its compounds, PuCl3 included, are warm to the touch. Such contact is not recommended, since touching the material may result in serious injury.
References
Plutonium(III) compounds
Nuclear materials
Chlorides
Actinide halides |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ribophorin | Ribophorins are dome shaped transmembrane glycoproteins which are located in the membrane of the rough endoplasmic reticulum, but are absent in the membrane of the smooth endoplasmic reticulum. There are two types of ribophorines: ribophorin I and II. These act in the protein complex oligosaccharyltransferase (OST) as two different subunits of the named complex. Ribophorin I and II are only present in eukaryote cells.
Both types of ribophorins develop a key role in the binding of ribosomes to the rough endoplasmic reticulum as well as in the co-translational processes that depend on this interaction. The content of ribophorin of the rough endoplasmic reticulum is equal to the stoichiometric number of ribosomal units. Therefore, this suggests the great importance, abundance and good preservation of these proteins in the reticulum. Consequently, defects in the genes that encode these proteins may cause congenital disorders and devastating consequences; ribophorin I and II are encoded by the genes RPN1 and RPN2 respectively.
The ribophorins are soluble in non-ionic detergents such as Triton X-100.
Structure
There two types of ribophorin: ribophorin I and ribophorin II; because of that, each one its own characteristics, despite the fact that both ribophorins have some common characteristics. This way, ribophorin I has a different structure in comparison to ribophorin II.
Ribophorin I
This subunit of the oligosaccharyltransferase (OST) is formed by 1821 pairs of bases, which |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pedinomonadaceae | Pedinomonadaceae is a family of green algae. They are small (less than 3 μm) single-celled algae. Each cell has a single flagellum. Molecular data has provided evidence for an independent class Pedinophyceae (including the Pedinomonadaceae), sister to all phycoplast-containing core Chlorophyta (Chlorodendrophyceae, Trebouxiophyceae, Ulvophyceae and Chlorophyceae).
References
External links
Green algae families
Pedinophyceae |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pycnococcaceae | Pycnococcaceae is a family of green algae in the order Pseudoscourfieldiales. The defining features of this family include the single invagination of the pyrenoid where the mitochondrial membrane fits into it and the "decapore" - a ring of 10 pores through the thick cell wall.
References
External links
Green algae families
Pyramimonadophyceae |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Caloric%20polynomial | In differential equations, the mth-degree caloric polynomial (or heat polynomial) is a "parabolically m-homogeneous" polynomial Pm(x, t) that satisfies the heat equation
"Parabolically m-homogeneous" means
The polynomial is given by
It is unique up to a factor.
With t = −1, this polynomial reduces to the mth-degree Hermite polynomial in x.
References
. Contains an extensive bibliography on various topics related to the heat equation.
External links
Zeroes of complex caloric functions and singularities of complex viscous Burgers equation
Differential equations
Polynomials
Partial differential equations |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Eudorina | Eudorina is a paraphyletic genus in the volvocine green algae clade. Eudorina colonies consist of 16, 32 or 64 individual cells grouped together. Each individual cell contains flagella which allow the colony to move as a whole when the individual cells beat their flagella together. Description by GM Smith (1920, p 95):
Description
Eudorina colonies typically consist of 16, 32 or 64 cells, each of which is similar to Chlamydomonas reinhardtii. These cells are bedded within an extracellular matrix composed of glycoproteins. Colonies are spherical and motile, with motility derived from the flagellated individual cells. Eudorina is facultatively sexual, meaning colonies can reproduce either sexually or asexually. During development, each Chlamydomonas-like cell undergoes several rounds of division to form plakeas, which then invert to form daughter colonies before hatching out of the mother colony.
References
External links
Eudorina - Description with pictures
Yamada, T.Y, Miyaja,K. and Nisayoshi, N. 2008. A taxonomic study of Eudorina unicocca (Volvocaceae, Chlorophyceae) and related species, based on morphology and molecular phylogeny. Eur. L.Phycol. 43: 317 - 326.
Chlamydomonadales
Chlamydomonadales genera |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/WDTC1 | WDTC1 ("Adipose") is a gene associated with obesity.
WDTC1 is a gene that codes for a protein acting as a suppressor in lipid accumulation. WDTC1 protein consists of seven WD40 domains, three transient receptor potential channel protein-protein interaction domains, DDB1 binding elements, and a prenylated C-terminus. Reduced expression or disruption of WDTC1 gene is associated with obesity, increased triglyceride accumulation, and adipogenesis. WDTC1 is a factor in a complex composed of DDB1, CUL4, and ROC1 that restricts transcription in adipogenesis.
Model organisms
Model organisms have been used in the study of WDTC1 function. A conditional knockout mouse line called Wdtc1tm1a(KOMP)Wtsi was generated at the Wellcome Trust Sanger Institute. Male and female animals underwent a standardized phenotypic screen to determine the effects of deletion. Additional screens performed: - In-depth immunological phenotyping
Studies of phenotype of mice showed that having a loss of an allele resulted in obesity and poor metabolic profiles. Transgenic expression of the WDTC1 gene in mice showed the opposite effect with mice having less adipose.
References
External links
Born lucky: Scientists discover "skinny gene" - MSNBC |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hanes%E2%80%93Woolf%20plot | In biochemistry, a Hanes–Woolf plot, Hanes plot, or plot of against , is a graphical representation of enzyme kinetics in which the ratio of the initial substrate concentration to the reaction velocity is plotted against . It is based on the rearrangement of the Michaelis–Menten equation shown below:
where is the Michaelis constant and is the limiting rate.
J B S Haldane stated, reiterating what he and K. G. Stern had written in their book, that this rearrangement was due to Barnet Woolf. However, it was just one of three transformations introduced by Woolf, who did not use it as the basis of a plot. There is therefore no strong reason for attaching his name to it. It was first published by C. S. Hanes, though he did not use it as a plot either. Hanes said that the use of linear regression to determine kinetic parameters from this type of linear transformation is flawed, because it generates the best fit between observed and calculated values of , rather than .
Starting from the Michaelis–Menten equation:
we can take reciprocals of both sides of the equation to obtain the equation underlying the Lineweaver–Burk plot:
·
which can be rearranged to express a different straight-line relationship:
which can be rearranged to give
·
Thus in the absence of experimental error data a plot of against yields a straight line of slope , an intercept on the ordinate of and an intercept on the abscissa of .
Like other techniques that linearize the Michaelis–Menten |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Botryococcus | Botryococcus is a genus of green algae. The cells form an irregularly shaped aggregate. Thin filaments connect the cells. The cell body is ovoid, 6 to 10 μm long, and 3 to 6 μm wide. Fossils of the genus are known since Precambrian times, and form the single largest biological contributor to crude oil, and are a major component of oil shales.
Taxonomy
The genus and its holotype were described in 1849 by Friedrich Traugott Kützing.
Description
Appears as colonies of cells irregularly arranges cells in a folded mucilage. Cells spherical or oval, chloroplast net-like with a single pyrenoid.
Ecology
The algae is frequently found in plankton in waters with differing characteristics and a wide geographic distribution. It is an important component of algal blooms and the discoloration of water. It is known to reproduce asexually but zoospores and sexual reproduction are unknown.
Species
There are 13 accepted species in the genus.
Botryococcus australis
Botryococcus balkachicus
Botryococcus braunii
Botryococcus calcareus
Botryococcus canadensis
Botryococcus comperei
Botryococcus fernandoi
Botryococcus neglectus
Botryococcus pila
Botryococcus protuberans
Botryococcus pusillus
Botryococcus terribilis
Botryococcus terricola
References
Trebouxiophyceae genera
Trebouxiophyceae
Trebouxiales
Taxa named by Friedrich Traugott Kützing |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rotter%27s%20lymph%20nodes | Rotter's lymph nodes are small interpectoral lymph nodes located between the pectoralis major and pectoralis minor muscles. They receive lymphatic fluid from the muscles and the mammary gland, and deliver lymphatic fluid to the axillary lymphatic plexus. These lymph nodes are susceptible to breast cancer, as the cancer sometimes spreads (metastasizes) to the interpectoral lymph nodes. It signifies retrograde spread of tumour. Rotter's lymph nodes are named after German surgeon Josef Rotter (1857-1924), who described them in the late 19th century.
See also
Lymphatic system
External links
Anatomy Review: Lymphatic System by Dr. A. Obeidat
Breast Cancer in Interpectoral Lymph Nodes
OnLine Medical Dictionary
Lymphatics of the torso |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Photinini | The Photinini are a large tribe of fireflies in the subfamily Lampyrinae. Photinus pyralis is famous in biotechnology for its luciferase gene. This is sometimes employed as a marker gene; genetically modified organisms which contain it start to glow like the firefly when brought in contact with a luciferin-containing medium. Firefly luciferases differ slightly between taxa, resulting in differently colored light and other properties, and in most cases where "firefly luciferase" is used in some application or study, it is the specific luciferase of P. pyralis.
Systematics
The group has recently been examined using molecular phylogenetics, using fairly comprehensive sampling.
Genera
Ankonophallus Zaragoza-Caballero & Navarrete-Heredia, 2014
Aorphallus Zaragoza-Caballero & Gutierrez-Carranza, 2018
Callopisma Motschulsky, 1853
Calotrechelum Pic, 1930
Dadophora Olivier, 1907
Dilychnia Motschulsky, 1853
Ellychnia LeConte, 1851
Erythrolychnia Motschulsky, 1853
Heterophotinus Olivier, 1894
Jamphotus Barber, 1941
Lucidina Gorham, 1883
Lucidota Laporte, 1833
Lucidotopsis McDermott, 1960
Luciuranus Silveira, Khattar & Mermudes, 2016
Macrolampis Motschulsky, 1853
Microdiphot Barber, 1941
Mimophotinus Pic, 1935
Oliviereus Pic, 1930
Phosphaenopterus Schaufuss, 1870
Phosphaenus Fourcroy, 1785
Photinoides McDermott, 1963
Photinus Laporte, 1833 – rover fireflies (possibly paraphyletic)
Platylampis Motschulsky, 1853
Pseudolychnuris Motschulsky, 1853
Pyropyga Motschu |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/406%20%28disambiguation%29 | 406 was a year of the Julian calendar. 406 may also refer to:
406 (number)
406 MHz, the COMPASS distress frequency
Area code 406 in Montana, United States
HTTP 406, an error code
Any of several highways; see List of highways numbered 406
Peugeot 406, a French car
See also |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Allegacy%20Federal%20Credit%20Union%20Stadium | Allegacy Federal Credit Union Stadium is a football stadium in Winston-Salem, North Carolina. The stadium is just west of Gene Hooks Field at Wake Forest Baseball Park, home of the Wake Forest baseball team. It is primarily used for American football, and is the home field of the Wake Forest University Demon Deacons. The stadium opened in 1968 and holds 31,500 people. It is the smallest football stadium, by permanent capacity, in both the ACC and in all Power Five conferences. Previously known as Groves Stadium, in September 2007, Wake Forest University and BB&T, which was headquartered in Winston-Salem, announced a 10-year deal to officially rename the stadium BB&T Field starting with the first 2007 home game against Nebraska. The deal was part of a larger development process to secure funds for stadium renovations and upgrades. On July 8, 2020, the name of the stadium was changed to Truist Field at Wake Forest following a merger between BB&T and SunTrust. On June 21, 2023, the stadium name was changed to Allegacy Federal Credit Union Stadium after Allegacy became an official banking partner with Wake Forest Athletics.
History
The former stadium name of Groves Field goes back to the original stadium at the original location of Wake Forest (Wake Forest, North Carolina). The old stadium was financed by Henry Groves, and when the school announced the move to Winston-Salem, he and his brother, Earl, decided to make a further contribution to the school to keep their name on any |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Organic%20Rankine%20cycle | In thermal engineering, the organic Rankine cycle (ORC) is a type of thermodynamic cycle. It is a variation of the Rankine cycle named for its use of an organic, high-molecular-mass fluid (compared to water) whose vaporization temperature is lower than that of water. The fluid allows heat recovery from lower-temperature sources such as biomass combustion, industrial waste heat, geothermal heat, solar ponds etc. The low-temperature heat is converted into useful work, that can itself be converted into electricity.
The technology was developed in the late 1950s by Lucien Bronicki and Harry Zvi Tabor.
Naphtha engines, similar in principle to ORC but developed for other applications, were in use as early as the 1890s.
Working principle of the ORC
The working principle of the organic Rankine cycle is the same as that of the Rankine cycle: the working fluid is pumped to a boiler where it is evaporated, passed through an expansion device (turbine, screw, scroll, or other expander), and then through a condenser heat exchanger where it is finally re-condensed.
In the ideal cycle described by the engine's theoretical model, the expansion is isentropic and the evaporation and condensation processes are isobaric.
In any real cycle, the presence of irreversibilities lowers the cycle efficiency. Those irreversibilities mainly occur:
During the expansion: Only a part of the energy recoverable from the pressure difference is transformed into useful work. The other part is converted int |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Statistics%20Finland | Statistics Finland (, ) is the national statistical institution in Finland, established in 1865 to serve as an information service and to provide statistics and expertise in the statistical sciences. The institution employs more than 800 experts from varying fields.
The institution is led by Director General Markus Sovala.
References
External links
1865 establishments in Finland
Finland
Demographics of Finland
Government of Finland |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/CDGSH%20iron%20sulfur%20domain | The CDGSH iron sulfur domain are a group of iron-sulfur (2Fe-2S) clusters and a unique 39 amino acid CDGSH domain [C-X-C-X2-(S/T)-X3-P-X-C-D-G-(S/A/T)-H].
The CDGSH iron sulfur domain 1 protein (also referred to as mitoNEET) is an integral membrane protein located in the outer mitochondrial membrane and whose function may be to transport iron into the mitochondria. Iron in turn is essential for the function of several mitochondrial enzymes.
The antidiabetic drug pioglitazone, in addition to binding to the nuclear receptor PPAR, also has been shown to bind mitoNEET with approximately equal affinity.
References
External links
Protein domains |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Asteromonas | Asteromonas is a genus of green algae in the family Asteromonadaceae.
2 flagella extend from the anterior end of the cell. They reproduce primarily by longitudinal division. The cells are cone-shaped and have six projections, or ribs. When viewed from the pole it looks like a six-pointed star
References
External links
Chlamydomonadales
Chlamydomonadales genera |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Capsosiphon | Capsosiphon is a genus of green algae in the family Ulotrichaceae.
Effect
Calcium and iron are particularly abundant in the mesophyll, with 20.6% of the protein, 0.5% of the fat, 35.4% of the carbohydrate, 1.5% of the fiber and 22.7% of the mineral. The dried product is crude protein 4.6% ~ 6.6%, crude fat 1.1 ~ 1.4%, crude fiber 2.5 ~ 4.2%, ash 28.6 ~ 49.2% and soluble nitrogen free 40.9 ~ 60.9%. It contains a large amount of calcium and iron.
References
External links
Ulvophyceae genera
Ulotrichaceae |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Choricystis | Choricystis is a genus of green algae in the class Trebouxiophyceae, considered a characteristic picophytoplankton in freshwater ecosystems. Choricystis, especially the type species , has been proposed as an effective source of fatty acids for biofuels. Choricystis algacultures have been shown to survive on wastewater. In particular, Choricystis has been proposed as a biological water treatment system for industrial waste produced by the processing of dairy goods.
Choricystis have been found in natural bodies of water in South America, North America, Europe, Asia, and Antarctica. They have been observed as an endosymbiont of freshwater sponges as well as ciliates like Paramecium bursaria.
Use as a biofuel
Triglycerides and other lipids can be transesterified to produce fatty acid methyl esters, the primary component of biodiesel fuels. Because of their high lipid content and rate of lipid production, Choricystis algae have been suggested as effective microalgae for industrial biofuel production. Molecular profiles of C. minor have noted its high proportion of neutral (as opposed to polar) lipids, considered preferable in biodiesel production.
See also
Algae fuel
Lipid extraction
Sewage treatment
References
Trebouxiophyceae genera
Trebouxiophyceae
Enigmatic algae taxa |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Carrier%20interferometry | Carrier Interferometry (CI) is a spread spectrum scheme designed to be used in an Orthogonal Frequency-Division Multiplexing (OFDM) communication system for multiplexing and multiple access, enabling the system to support multiple users at the same time over the same frequency band.
Like MC-CDMA, CI-OFDM spreads each data symbol in the frequency domain. That is, each data symbol is carried over multiple OFDM subcarriers. But unlike MC-CDMA, which uses binary-phase Hadamard codes (code values of 0 or 180 degrees) or binary pseudonoise, CI codes are complex-valued orthogonal codes. In the simplest case, CI code values are coefficients of a discrete Fourier transform (DFT) matrix. Each row or column of the DFT matrix provides an orthogonal CI spreading code which spreads a data symbol. Spreading is achieved by multiplying a vector of data symbols by the DFT matrix to produce a vector of coded data symbols, then each coded data symbol is mapped to an OFDM subcarrier via an input bin of an inverse fast Fourier transform (IFFT). A block of contiguous subcarriers may be selected, or to achieve better frequency diversity, non-contiguous subcarriers distributed over a wide frequency band can be used. A guard interval, such as a cyclic prefix (CP), is added to the baseband CI-OFDM signal before the signal is processed by a radio front-end to convert it to an RF signal, which is then transmitted by an antenna.
A significant advantage of CI-OFDM over other OFDM techniques is that CI sp |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Monostroma | Monostroma is a genus of marine green algae (seaweed) in the family Monostromataceae. As the name suggests, algae of this genus are monostromatic (single cell layered). Monostroma kuroshiense, an algae of this genus, is commercially cultivated in East Asia and South America for the edible product "hitoegusa-nori" or "hirohano-hitoegusa nori", popular sushi wraps. Monostroma oligosaccharides with degree of polymerization 6 prepared by agarase digestion from Monostroma nitidum polysaccharides have been shown to be an effective prophylactic agent during in vitro and in vivo tests against Japanese encephalitis viral infection. The sulfated oligosaccharides from Monostroma seem to be promising candidates for further development as antiviral agents. The genus Monostroma is the most widely cultivated genus among green seaweeds.
Classification
Species-level classification within this genus is quite problematic and no consensus exists among algal taxonomists. This genus is oftentimes referred as "Gayralia", however Gayralia and Monostroma are congeneric. A number of monostromatic algal species have been removed from this genus, including Kornmannia, Ulvopsis and Capsosiphon. Currently accepted working-classification of monostromatic green algae is provided as a figure. A taxonomic field-identification dichotomous key for this genus is available
Genetics
Largest phylogeographic assessment of this genus yet conducted in SW Japan revealed existence of sympatric speciation in a panmicti |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Prasinoderma | Prasinoderma is a genus of green algae in the phylum Prasinodermophyta. Both species in the genus are unicellular, but P. coloniale forms loose sticky colonies.
Classification
The genus contains two species:
Prasinoderma coloniale Hasegawa & Chihara 1996
Prasinoderma singularis Jouenne 2011
References
External links
Chlorophyta genera
Palmophyllophyceae |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/TIA1 | TIA1 or Tia1 cytotoxic granule-associated rna binding protein is a 3'UTR mRNA binding protein that can bind the 5'TOP sequence of 5'TOP mRNAs. It is associated with programmed cell death (apoptosis) and regulates alternative splicing of the gene encoding the Fas receptor, an apoptosis-promoting protein. Under stress conditions, TIA1 localizes to cellular RNA-protein conglomerations called stress granules. It is encoded by the TIA1 gene.
Mutations in the TIA1 gene have been associated with amyotrophic lateral sclerosis, frontotemporal dementia, and Welander distal myopathy. It also plays a crucial role in the development of toxic oligomeric tau in Alzheimer's disease.
Function
This protein is a member of a RNA-binding protein family that regulates transcription and RNA translation. It was first identified in cytotoxic lymphocyte (CTL) target cells. TIA1 acts in the nucleus to regulate splicing and transcription. TIA1 helps to recruit the splicesome to regulate RNA splicing, and it inhibits transcription of multiple genes, such as the cytokine Tumor necrosis factor alpha. In response to stress, TIA1 translocates from the nucleus to the cytoplasm, where it nucleates a type of RNA granule, termed the stress granule, and participates in the translational stress response. As part of the translational stress response, TIA1 works in cooperation with other RNA binding proteins to sequester RNA transcripts away from the ribosome, which allows the cell to focus its protein synthesi |
Subsets and Splits
No community queries yet
The top public SQL queries from the community will appear here once available.