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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Easter%20egger
In American usage, an Easter egger or Easter-egger is any hybrid or mixed-breed chicken resulting from the breeding of a bird carrying the blue-egg (oocyan) gene with one that lays brown eggs. Eggs from such a bird may be any shade of blue or brown, or occasionally pink or pale yellow. These birds do not constitute a b...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Prostaglandin%20D2%20synthase
{{DISPLAYTITLE:Prostaglandin D2 synthase}} Prostaglandin-H2 D-isomerase (PTGDS) is an enzyme that in humans is encoded by the PTGDS gene. Function The protein encoded by this gene is a glutathione-independent prostaglandin D synthase that catalyzes the conversion of prostaglandin H2 (PGH2) to prostaglandin D2 (PGD2...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/SCIP
SCIP may refer to: Science and technology SCIP (optimization software); an optimization software for mixed-integer programs SCIP database; listing potentially hazardous waste and maintained by the European Chemicals Agency Secure Communications Interoperability Protocol; a cryptographic communication standard Sur...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Advanced%20Technology%20Development%20Facility
Advanced Technology Development Facility is a research and development foundry for the semiconductor industry. It began operations as a research plant for SEMATECH in 1988, but was reorganized as a for-profit subsidiary in July 2004. Merger In December 2007, Nanoelectronic Workforce Development Initiative announced a...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Skew-Hamiltonian%20matrix
In linear algebra, skew-Hamiltonian matrices are special matrices which correspond to skew-symmetric bilinear forms on a symplectic vector space. Let V be a vector space, equipped with a symplectic form . Such a space must be even-dimensional. A linear map is called a skew-Hamiltonian operator with respect to if the...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Endoglycosidase%20H
The enzyme mannosyl-glycoprotein endo-β-N-acetylglucosaminidase (endoglycosidase H) () has systematic name glycopeptide-D-mannosyl-N4-(N-acetyl-D-glucosaminyl)2-asparagine 1,4-N-acetyl-β-glucosaminohydrolase. It is a highly specific endoglycosidase which cleaves asparagine-linked mannose rich oligosaccharides, but not ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Maxygen
Maxygen Inc. was a biopharmaceutical company focused on developing improved versions of protein drugs using DNA shuffling and other protein modification technologies. The company was headquartered in Redwood City, CA. It dissolved in 2013. The Maxygen legacy was revived in 2018 with a focus on Directed Evolution of Pro...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fluid-attenuated%20inversion%20recovery
Fluid-attenuated inversion recovery (FLAIR) is an MRI sequence with an inversion recovery set to null fluids. For example, it can be used in brain imaging to suppress cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) effects on the image, so as to bring out the periventricular hyperintense lesions, such as multiple sclerosis (MS) plaques. It ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Spin%E2%80%93spin%20relaxation
In physics, the spin–spin relaxation is the mechanism by which , the transverse component of the magnetization vector, exponentially decays towards its equilibrium value in nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). It is characterized by the spin–spin relaxation time, known as 2, a time con...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Spin%E2%80%93lattice%20relaxation
During nuclear magnetic resonance observations, spin–lattice relaxation is the mechanism by which the longitudinal component of the total nuclear magnetic moment vector (parallel to the constant magnetic field) exponentially relaxes from a higher energy, non-equilibrium state to thermodynamic equilibrium with its surro...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/K-space%20in%20magnetic%20resonance%20imaging
In magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), the k-space or reciprocal space (a mathematical space of spatial frequencies) is obtained as the 2D or 3D Fourier transform of the image measured. It was introduced in 1979 by Likes and in 1983 by Ljunggren and Twieg. In MRI physics, complex values are sampled in k-space during an ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2007%20Chinese%20motorcycle%20Grand%20Prix
The 2007 Chinese motorcycle Grand Prix was the fourth round of the 2007 MotoGP championship. It took place on the weekend of 4–6 May 2007 at the Shanghai International Circuit. MotoGP classification 250 cc classification 125 cc classification Championship standings after the race (MotoGP) Below are the standings f...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Levy%E2%80%93Mises%20equations
The Levi–Mises equations (also called flow rules) describe the relationship between stress and strain for an ideal plastic solid where the elastic strains are negligible. The generalized Levy–Mises equation can be written as: Materials science Continuum mechanics Solid mechanics
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Electroblotting
Electroblotting is a method in molecular biology/biochemistry/immunogenetics to transfer proteins or nucleic acids onto a membrane by using PVDF or nitrocellulose, after gel electrophoresis. The protein or nucleic acid can then be further analyzed using probes such as specific antibodies, ligands like lectins, or stai...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Conditional%20variance
In probability theory and statistics, a conditional variance is the variance of a random variable given the value(s) of one or more other variables. Particularly in econometrics, the conditional variance is also known as the scedastic function or skedastic function. Conditional variances are important parts of autoregr...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Confirmatory%20factor%20analysis
In statistics, confirmatory factor analysis (CFA) is a special form of factor analysis, most commonly used in social science research. It is used to test whether measures of a construct are consistent with a researcher's understanding of the nature of that construct (or factor). As such, the objective of confirmatory f...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Erlasee%20Solar%20Park
The Erlasee Solar Park, or Solarstrompark Gut Erlasee, is an 11.4 megawatt (MW) photovoltaic power station located in Bavaria, southern Germany, in one of the sunniest regions of the country. Constructed on a former vineyard by the company Solon SE in 2006, it was then the world's largest photovoltaic power station. T...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Intraclass%20correlation
In statistics, the intraclass correlation, or the intraclass correlation coefficient (ICC), is a descriptive statistic that can be used when quantitative measurements are made on units that are organized into groups. It describes how strongly units in the same group resemble each other. While it is viewed as a type o...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wide-angle%20Infinity%20Display%20Equipment
Wide-angle Infinity Display Equipment (WIDE), the proprietary name for a cross-cockpit collimated display (CCCD) wide-angle display system invented by the UK Rediffusion company at their factory at Crawley, near Gatwick, UK, now part of Thales UK. The general design is now in common use in most full flight simulators, ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Semi-Conductor%20Laboratory
The Semi-Conductor Laboratory (SCL), Mohali (formerly known as Semiconductor Complex Limited) is a research institute under the Ministry of Electronics and Information Technology (MeitY), Government of India. SCL was formerly under the Department of Space. SCL's aims include research and development (R&D) in the field ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ornithine%20aminotransferase
Ornithine aminotransferase (OAT) is an enzyme which is encoded in human by the OAT gene located on chromosome 10. The OAT involved in the ultimate formation of the non-essential amino acid proline from the amino acid ornithine. Ornithine aminotransferase forms the initial intermediate in this process. It catalyzes the...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Branched-chain%20amino%20acid%20aminotransferase
Branched-chain amino acid aminotransferase (BCAT), also known as branched-chain amino acid transaminase, is an aminotransferase enzyme which acts upon branched-chain amino acids (BCAAs). It is encoded by the BCAT2 gene in humans. The BCAT enzyme catalyzes the conversion of BCAAs and α-ketoglutarate into branched chain...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Table%20Producing%20Language
Table Producing Language was an IBM mainframe program developed by the US Bureau of Labor Statistics for producing statistical tables. It has been superseded by the commercial product TPL Tables developed by QQQ Software. References External links QQQ Software IBM mainframe software Statistical software
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Deputy%20Commander%20%28horse%29
Deputy Commander (foaled in 1994 in Kentucky – October 7, 2009) was an American Thoroughbred racehorse. Background Bred by Crystal Springs Farm near Paris, Kentucky, he was a son of North American Champion sire Deputy Minister and out of the Grade 1-winning turf mare, Anka Germania who captured the 1988 Sword Dancer I...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Scatter%20matrix
For the notion in quantum mechanics, see scattering matrix. In multivariate statistics and probability theory, the scatter matrix is a statistic that is used to make estimates of the covariance matrix, for instance of the multivariate normal distribution. Definition Given n samples of m-dimensional data, represented ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Centering%20matrix
In mathematics and multivariate statistics, the centering matrix is a symmetric and idempotent matrix, which when multiplied with a vector has the same effect as subtracting the mean of the components of the vector from every component of that vector. Definition The centering matrix of size n is defined as the n-by-n...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/MEROPS
MEROPS is an online database for peptidases (also known as proteases, proteinases and proteolytic enzymes) and their inhibitors. The classification scheme for peptidases was published by Rawlings & Barrett in 1993, and that for protein inhibitors by Rawlings et al. in 2004. The most recent version, MEROPS 12.4, was rel...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Stencil%20jumping
Stencil jumping, at times called stencil walking, is an algorithm to locate the grid element enclosing a given point for any structured mesh. In simple words, given a point and a structured mesh, this algorithm will help locate the grid element that will enclose the given point. This algorithm finds extensive use in C...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ganoderic%20acid
Ganoderic acids are a class of closely related triterpenoids (derivatives from lanosterol) found in Ganoderma mushrooms. For thousands of years, the fruiting bodies of Ganoderma fungi have been used in traditional medicines in East Asia. Consequently, there have been efforts to identify the chemical constituents that ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Zinc%20transporter%20ZIP4
Zinc transporter ZIP4 is a transmembrane protein which in humans is encoded by the SLC39A4 gene. It is associated with acrodermatitis enteropathica. See also Solute carrier family References External links OMIM entry on ACRODERMATITIS ENTEROPATHICA, ZINC-DEFICIENCY TYPE; AEZ Solute carrier family
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Statistical%20Classification%20of%20Economic%20Activities%20in%20the%20European%20Community
The Statistical Classification of Economic Activities in the European Community, commonly referred to as NACE (for the French term "nomenclature statistique des activités économiques dans la Communauté européenne"), is the industry standard classification system used in the European Union. The current version is revisi...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Yuzo%20Kanemaru
is a male Japanese sprinter. He set his 400 metres personal best at the 2009 Osaka Grand Prix, finishing in 45.16 seconds. Competition record Statistics Personal bests References External links 1987 births Living people People from Takatsuki, Osaka Sportspeople from Osaka Prefecture Japanese male sprinters Olym...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wild%20Farm%20Alliance
The Wild Farm Alliance (WFA) is a non-profit organization dedicated to increasing biodiversity by expanding the idea and practice of wild farming. Rooted in Watsonville, the heart of central California's agricultural lands, the WFA was founded in 2000, and was a participant in the sustainable agriculture movement. Wit...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Deoxycytidine%20kinase
Deoxycytidine kinase (dCK) is an enzyme which is encoded by the DCK gene in humans. dCK predominantly phosphorylates deoxycytidine (dC) and converts dC into deoxycytidine monophosphate. dCK catalyzes one of the initial steps in the nucleoside salvage pathway and has the potential to phosphorylate other preformed nucle...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ribose-phosphate%20diphosphokinase
Ribose-phosphate diphosphokinase (or phosphoribosyl pyrophosphate synthetase or ribose-phosphate pyrophosphokinase) is an enzyme that converts ribose 5-phosphate into phosphoribosyl pyrophosphate (PRPP). It is classified under . The enzyme is involved in the synthesis of nucleotides (purines and pyrimidines), cofactor...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Uracil%20phosphoribosyltransferase
Uracil phosphoribosyltransferase is an enzyme which creates UMP from uracil and phosphoribosylpyrophosphate. This protein may use the morpheein model of allosteric regulation. References External links EC 2.4.2
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hilton%20%28surname%29
The word Hilton or Hylton is a place name of English and Norwegian origin, which is also the source of a toponymic surname. At the time of the British Census of 1881, the frequency of the surname Hilton was highest in Lancashire (5.3 times the British average), followed by Sussex, Lincolnshire, Westmorland, Cheshire, N...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Amicyanin
Amicyanin is a type I copper protein that plays an integral role in electron transfer. In bacteria such as Paracoccus denitrificans, amicyanin is part of a three-member redox complex, along with methylamine dehydrogenase (MADH) and cytochrome c-551i. Function In the electron transfer mechanism from MADH to heme, am...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Manitoba%20Film%20Classification%20Board
The Manitoba Film Classification Board (MFCB) was a provincial government organization responsible for rating films and video games rented, sold, or shown in the province of Manitoba. In mid 2018, the Board was dissolved, with its duties being outsourced to British Columbia for film classifications, and transferred to ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Diversity%E2%80%93function%20debate
Functional diversity, composition, and species richness affect the biogeochemical processes of ecosystems. However, the degree to which these factors influence ecosystems and whether that influence is significant is debated. In the article The Influence of Functional Diversity and Composition on Ecosystem Processes, s...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mesopredator%20release%20hypothesis
The mesopredator release hypothesis is an ecological theory used to describe the interrelated population dynamics between apex predators and mesopredators within an ecosystem, such that a collapsing population of the former results in dramatically increased populations of the latter. This hypothesis describes the phen...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wild%20farming
Wild farming is a growing alternative to "factory farming" that consists of planting crops that are highly associated and supportive to the natural ecosystem. This includes intercropping with native plants, following the contours and geography of the land, and supporting local food chains. The goal is to produce large ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Deng%20Jinghuang
Deng Jinghuang (born 24 January 1985) is a former Chinese-born Hong Kong professional footballer who played as a left back or a centre back. Career statistics Club As of 14 May 2008 International As of 9 February 2011 External links Deng Jinghuang at HKFA Scaafc.com 球員資料 – 4. 鄧景煌 SCAA Official Blog 4號 鄧景煌 (Deng...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Liang%20Zicheng
Liang Zicheng (, born 18 March 1982) is a former Chinese-born Hong Kong professional footballer who played as a striker. Career statistics Club As of 20 September 2008 External links Liang Zicheng at HKFA 1982 births Living people Footballers from Guangzhou Chinese men's footballers Hong Kong men's footballers Gua...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Zhang%20Jianzhong
Zhang Jianzhong (, born 18 September 1985) is a Chinese former professional association football player. Career statistics in Hong Kong As of 3 September 2009 External links Zhang Jianzhong at HKFA SCAA Official Blog 16號 張健忠 (Zhang Jian Zhong) 1985 births Living people Chinese men's footballers Footballers f...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/EMMA%20%28accelerator%29
The electron machine with many applications or electron model for many applications (EMMA) is a linear non-scaling FFAG (fixed-field alternating-gradient) particle accelerator at Daresbury Laboratory in the UK that can accelerate electrons from 10 to 20 MeV. A FFAG is a type of accelerator in which the magnetic field i...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Classification%20%28literature%29
Classification is a figure of speech linking a proper noun to a common noun using the or other articles. Example "Finland, the land of a thousand lakes." "Japan, the land of the rising sun." References Figures of speech
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Endangered%20Species%20Act%20Amendments%20of%201978
The Endangered Species Act (ESA) was first passed in 1973 and forms the basis of biodiversity and endangered species protection in the United States. The original purpose of the Endangered Species Act of 1973 was to prevent species endangerment and extinction due to the human impact on natural ecosystems. The three m...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Guanine%20deaminase
Guanine deaminase also known as cypin, guanase, guanine aminase, GAH, and guanine aminohydrolase is an aminohydrolase enzyme which converts guanine to xanthine. Cypin is a major cytosolic protein that interacts with PSD-95. It promotes localized microtubule assembly in neuronal dendrites. References External links ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Drift-field%20transistor
The drift-field transistor, also called the drift transistor or graded base transistor, is a type of high-speed bipolar junction transistor having a doping-engineered electric field in the base to reduce the charge carrier base transit time. Invented by Herbert Kroemer at the Central Bureau of Telecommunications Techn...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List%20of%20Fenerbah%C3%A7e%20S.K.%20managers
This is a list of all managers of Fenerbahçe, including honours. Managers Statistics Records Nationalities As of 11 June 2023. Most games managed As of June 2018. References Notes Main Fenerbahce Managers
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Islam%20in%20London
There were 1,318,755 Muslims reported in the 2021 census in the Greater London area. In the 2021 census Office for National Statistics, the proportion of Muslims in London had risen to 15% of the population, making Islam the second largest religion in the city after Christianity. History The first Muslims to settle in...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Z6%20small%20nucleolar%20RNA
In molecular biology, Z6 small nucleolar RNA is a non-coding RNA (ncRNA) molecule which functions in the modification of other small nuclear RNAs (snRNAs). This type of modifying RNA is usually located in the nucleolus of the eukaryotic cell which is a major site of snRNA biogenesis. It is known as a small nucleolar RN...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/5.8S%20ribosomal%20RNA
In molecular biology, the 5.8S ribosomal RNA (5.8S rRNA) is a non-coding RNA component of the large subunit of the eukaryotic ribosome and so plays an important role in protein translation. It is transcribed by RNA polymerase I as part of the 45S precursor that also contains 18S and 28S rRNA. Its function is thought to...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/5S%20ribosomal%20RNA
The 5S ribosomal RNA (5S rRNA) is an approximately 120 nucleotide-long ribosomal RNA molecule with a mass of 40 kDa. It is a structural and functional component of the large subunit of the ribosome in all domains of life (bacteria, archaea, and eukaryotes), with the exception of mitochondrial ribosomes of fungi and ani...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/7SK%20RNA
In molecular biology 7SK is an abundant small nuclear RNA found in metazoans. It plays a role in regulating transcription by controlling the positive transcription elongation factor P-TEFb. 7SK is found in a small nuclear ribonucleoprotein complex (snRNP) with a number of other proteins that regulate the stability an...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Alfalfa%20mosaic%20virus%20coat%20protein%20binding%20%28CPB%29%20RNA
The Alfalfa mosaic virus (AMV) coat protein binding (CPB) RNA is an RNA element which is found in the 3′ UTR of the genome. AMV CPB can stimulate the translation of AMV RNA by between 50 and 100-fold. This family contains at least two coat protein binding sites which are thought to be essential for efficient RNA transl...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Alfalfa%20mosaic%20virus%20RNA%201%205%E2%80%B2%20UTR%20stem-loop
The Alfalfa mosaic virus RNA 1 5′ UTR stem-loop represents a putative stem-loop structure found in the 5′ UTR in RNA 1 of alfalfa mosaic virus. RNA 1 is responsible for encoding the viral replicase protein P1. This family is required for negative strand RNA synthesis in the alfalfa mosaic virus and may also be involved...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Alpha%20operon%20ribosome%20binding%20site
The alpha operon ribosome binding site in bacteria is surrounded by this complex pseudoknotted RNA structure. Translation of the mRNA produces 4 ribosomal protein products, one of which (S4) acts as a translational repressor by binding to the nested pseudoknot region. The mechanism of repression is thought to involve...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Antizyme%20RNA%20frameshifting%20stimulation%20element
Antizyme RNA frameshifting stimulation element is a structural element which is found in antizyme mRNA and is known to promote frameshifting. Antizyme genes have two partially overlapping open reading frames, the second, which encodes the functional (antizyme) protein requires +1 translational frameshifting. This frame...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/APC%20internal%20ribosome%20entry%20site%20%28IRES%29
The APC internal ribosome entry site (IRES) is an RNA element which is located in the coding sequence of the APC gene. APC is a tumour suppressor gene which is associated with the inherited disease adenomatous polyposis coli (APC). It is thought that IRES-mediated translation of APC is important for an apoptotic cascad...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Aphthovirus%20internal%20ribosome%20entry%20site%20%28IRES%29
This family represents the internal ribosome entry site (IRES) of the Picornaviruses. IRES elements allow cap and end-independent translation of mRNA in the host cell. The IRES achieves this by mediating the internal initiation of translation by recruiting a ribosomal 43S pre-initiation complex directly to the initiati...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Apolipoprotein%20B%20%28apoB%29%205%E2%80%B2%20UTR%20cis-regulatory%20element
The apolipoprotein B (apoB) 5′ UTR cis regulatory element is an RNA element located in the 5′ UTR of the human apoB mRNA. This structured element increases translation of the apoB protein or a reporter gene. References External links Cis-regulatory RNA elements
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bacteriophage%20pRNA
Bacteriophage pRNA is a ncRNA element. During replication of linear dsDNA viruses, the viral genome is packaged into the pre-formed viral procapsid. The packaging of DNA into the procapsid requires a molecular motor, which uses ATP as energy to accomplish the energetically unfavorable motion. In some bacteriophage, an...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bag-1%20internal%20ribosome%20entry%20site%20%28IRES%29
The bag-1 internal ribosome entry site (IRES) is a cis-acting element located in the 5 ' untranslated region of the BAG-1 protein mRNA. Its effects apoptosis through IRES mediated translation of the BAG-1 protein. When expressed, the BAG-1 protein is known to enhance the anti-apoptotic properties of the Bcl-2 protein....
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bamboo%20mosaic%20virus%20satellite%20RNA%20cis-regulatory%20element
The bamboo mosaic virus satellite RNA cis-regulatory element is an RNA element found in the 5' UTR of the genome of the bamboo mosaic virus. This element is thought to be essential for efficient RNA replication. See also Bamboo mosaic potexvirus (BaMV) cis-regulatory element Potato virus X cis-acting regulatory eleme...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bip%20internal%20ribosome%20entry%20site%20%28IRES%29
The BiP internal ribosome entry site (IRES) is an RNA element present in the 5' UTR of the mRNA of BiP protein and allows cap-independent translation. BiP protein expression has been found to be significantly enhanced by the heat shock response due to internal ribosome entry site (IRES)-dependent translation. It is tho...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bovine%20leukaemia%20virus%20RNA%20packaging%20signal
This family represents the bovine leukaemia virus RNA encapsidation (packaging) signal, which is essential for efficient viral replication. Discovery Before its discovery, the location of the encapsidation (packaging) signal within the bovine leukaemia virus (BLV) was suggested by Manksy et al. to either be “between t...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/C0299%20RNA
The C0299 RNA family consists of a group of Shigella flexneri and Escherichia coli RNA genes which are 78 bases in length and are found between the hlyE and umuD genes. The function of this RNA is unknown. See also C0343 RNA C0465 RNA C0719 RNA References External links Non-coding RNA
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/C0343%20RNA
The C0343 RNA is a bacterial non-coding RNA of 74 nucleotides in length that is found between the ydaN and dbpA genes in the genomes of Escherichia coli and Shigella flexneri, Salmonella enterica and Salmonella typhimurium. This ncRNA was originally identified in E.coli using high-density oligonucleotide probe arrays (...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/C0465%20RNA
The C0465 RNA is a bacterial non-coding RNA of 78 nucleotides in length that is found between the tar and cheW genes in the genomes of Escherichia coli and Shigella flexneri. This ncRNA was originally identified in E.coli using high-density oligonucleotide probe arrays (microarray). The function of this ncRNA is unkno...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/C0719%20RNA
The C0719 RNA is a bacterial non-coding RNA of 222 nucleotides in length that is found between the yghK and glcB genes in the genomes of Escherichia coli and Shigella flexneri. This non-coding RNA was originally identified in E.coli using high-density oligonucleotide probe arrays (microarray.) The function of this ncR...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cardiovirus%20cis-acting%20replication%20element
This family represents a Cardiovirus cis-acting replication element (CRE) which is located within the region encoding the capsid protein VP2 and is required for viral replication. See also Citrus tristeza virus replication signal Rubella virus 3' cis-acting element References External links Cis-regulatory RNA...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/C-myc%20internal%20ribosome%20entry%20site%20%28IRES%29
The c-myc internal ribosome entry site (IRES) is an RNA element present in the 5' UTR of the mRNA of C-myc and allows cap-independent translation. The mammalian c-myc gene is a proto-oncogene which is required for cell proliferation, transformation and death. c-myc mRNA has an alternative method of translation via inte...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/CopA-like%20RNA
CopA-like RNA is a family of non-coding RNAs found on the R1 plasmid. In several groups of bacterial plasmids, antisense RNAs regulate copy number through inhibition of replication initiator protein synthesis. These RNAs are characterised by a long hairpin structure interrupted by several unpaired nucleotides or bulge...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Coronavirus%203%E2%80%B2%20stem-loop%20II-like%20motif%20%28s2m%29
The Coronavirus 3′ stem-loop II-like motif (also known as s2m) is a secondary structure motif identified in the 3′ untranslated region (3′UTR) of astrovirus, coronavirus and equine rhinovirus genomes. Its function is unknown, but various viral 3′ UTR regions have been found to play roles in viral replication and packag...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Coronavirus%203%E2%80%B2%20UTR%20pseudoknot
The Coronavirus 3′ UTR pseudoknot is an RNA structure found in the coronavirus genome. Coronaviruses contain 30 kb single-stranded positive-sense RNA genomes. The 3′ UTR region of these coronavirus genomes contains a conserved ~55 nucleotide pseudoknot structure which is necessary for viral genome replication. The mec...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Coronavirus%20frameshifting%20stimulation%20element
In molecular biology, the coronavirus frameshifting stimulation element is a conserved stem-loop of RNA found in coronaviruses that can promote ribosomal frameshifting. Such RNA molecules interact with a downstream region to form a pseudoknot structure; the region varies according to the virus but pseudoknot formation ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cripavirus%20internal%20ribosome%20entry%20site
The Cripavirus internal ribosome entry site (CrPV IRES) is an RNA element required for the production of capsid proteins through ribosome recruitment to an intergenic region IRES (IGR IRES). See also Cricket paralysis virus Internal ribosome entry site (IRES) References External links Cis-regulatory RNA element...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/C-sis%20internal%20ribosome%20entry%20site%20%28IRES%29
The c-sis internal ribosome entry site (IRES) is a RNA element found in the 5' UTR of the PDGF beta chain gene. The internal ribosome entry site contains three modules that can individually mediate internal ribosome entry. However, the full length sequence is required for maximal IRES activity. It is thought that the ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/CsrC%20RNA%20family
The 245 nucleotide sRNA of Escherichia coli, CsrC, was discovered using a genetic screen for factors that regulate glycogen biosynthesis. CsrC RNA binds multiple copies of CsrA, a protein that post-transcriptionally regulates central carbon flux, biofilm formation and motility in E. coli. CsrC antagonises the regulator...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/CtRNA
In molecular biology ctRNA (counter-transcribed RNA) is a plasmid encoded noncoding RNA that binds to the mRNA of repB and causes translational inhibition. ctRNA is encoded by plasmids and functions in rolling circle replication to maintain a low copy number. In Corynebacterium glutamicum, it achieves this by antisense...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/DicF%20RNA
DicF RNA is a non-coding RNA that is an antisense inhibitor of cell division gene ftsZ. DicF is bound by the Hfq protein which enhances its interaction with its targets. Pathogenic E. coli strains possess multiple copies of sRNA DicF in their genomes, while non-pathogenic strains do not. DicF and Hfq are both necessar...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/DnaX%20ribosomal%20frameshifting%20element
The DnaX ribosomal frameshifting element is a RNA element found in the mRNA of the dnaX gene in E. coli. The dnaX gene has two encoded products, tau and gamma, which are produced in a 1:1 ratio. The gamma protein is synthesised due to programmed frameshifting and is shorter than tau. The two products of the dnaX gene a...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/DsrA%20RNA
DsrA RNA is a non-coding RNA that regulates both transcription, by overcoming transcriptional silencing by the nucleoid-associated H-NS protein, and translation, by promoting efficient translation of the stress sigma factor, RpoS. These two activities of DsrA can be separated by mutation: the first of three stem-loops ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Enteroviral%203%E2%80%B2%20UTR%20element
In molecular biology, the enteroviral 3′ UTR element is an RNA structure found in the 3′ UTR of various enteroviruses. The overall structure forms the origin of replication (OriR) for the initiation of (-) strand RNA synthesis. Pseudoknots have also been predicted in this structure. See also Enterovirus 5′ cloverleaf...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Enterovirus%205%E2%80%B2%20cloverleaf%20cis-acting%20replication%20element
The Enterovirus 5′ cloverleaf cis-acting replication element is an RNA element found in the 5′ UTR of Enterovirus genomes. The element has a cloverleaf like secondary structure and is known to be a multifunctional cis-acting replication element (CRE), required for the initiation of negative strand RNA synthesis. See a...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/CsrB/RsmB%20RNA%20family
The CsrB RNA is a non-coding RNA that binds to approximately 9 to 10 dimers of the CsrA protein. The CsrB RNAs contain a conserved motif CAGGXXG that is found in up to 18 copies and has been suggested to bind CsrA. The Csr regulatory system has a strong negative regulatory effect on glycogen biosynthesis, glyconeogene...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Enterovirus%20cis-acting%20replication%20element
Enterovirus cis-acting replication element is a small RNA hairpin in the coding region of protein 2C as the site in PV1(M) RNA that is used as the primary template for the in vitro uridylylation. The first step in the replication of the plus-stranded poliovirus RNA is the synthesis of a complementary minus strand. This...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Equine%20arteritis%20virus%20leader%20TRS%20hairpin%20%28LTH%29
The equine arteritis virus leader transcription-regulating sequence hairpin (LTH) is as RNA element that is thought to be a key structural element in discontinuous subgenomic RNA synthesis and is critical for leader transcription-regulating sequences (TRS) function. Similar structures have been predicted in other arter...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/FGF-1%20internal%20ribosome%20entry%20site%20%28IRES%29
The FGF-1 internal ribosome entry site (IRES) is an RNA element present in the 5' UTR of the mRNA of fibroblast growth factor-1 and allows cap-independent translation. It is thought that FGF-1 internal ribosome entry site (IRES) activity is strictly controlled and highly tissue specific. References External links ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/FGF-2%20internal%20ribosome%20entry%20site%20%28IRES%29
The FGF-2 internal ribosome entry site is an RNA element present in the 5' UTR of the mRNA of fibroblast growth factor-2. It has been found that the FGF-2 internal ribosome entry site (IRES) activity is strictly controlled and highly tissue specific. It is thought that translational IRES dependent activation of FGF-2 p...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ctgf/hcs24%20CAESAR
ctgf/hcs24 CAESAR is the name given to the cis-acting RNA element identified in the 3' untranslated region (3'UTR) of the human connective tissue growth factor (CTGF) messenger RNA. This gene is also known as hypertrophic chondrocyte specific 24 (hcs24). The importance of the 3'UTR in repressing ctgf gene expression ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/FIE3%20%28ftz%20instability%20element%203%E2%80%B2%29%20element
The FIE3 (ftz instability element 3′) element is an RNA element found in the 3′ UTR of the fushi tarazu mRNA. The fushi tarazu gene is essential for the establishment of the Drosophila embryonic body plan. When first expressed in early embryogenesis, fushi tarazu mRNA is uniformly distributed over most of the embryo. S...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/FinP
FinP encodes an antisense non-coding RNA gene that is complementary to part of the TraJ 5' UTR. The FinOP system regulates the transfer of F-like plasmids. The traJ gene encodes a protein required for transcription from the major transfer promoter, pY. The FinO protein is essential for effective repression, acting by b...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/FMN%20riboswitch
The FMN riboswitch (also known as RFN element) is a highly conserved RNA element which is naturally occurring, and is found frequently in the 5'-untranslated regions of prokaryotic mRNAs that encode for flavin mononucleotide (FMN) biosynthesis and transport proteins. This element is a metabolite-dependent riboswitch th...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/GadY
GadY RNA (previously named IS183 in ) is a non-coding RNA. The GadY gene is located on between and on the opposite strand to the GadX and GadW genes. GadY can form base pairs with the 3' UTR of its target mRNA gadX, this pairing is thought to confer increased stability to the transcript, allowing accumulation of gadX (...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/GAIT%20element
The gamma interferon inhibitor of translation element or GAIT element is a cis-acting RNA element located in the 3'-UTR of the ceruloplasmin (Cp) mRNA. The GAIT element forms a stem-loop secondary structure. The GAIT element is involved in selective translational silencing of the Cp transcript within monocytic cells, ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gammaretrovirus%20core%20encapsidation%20signal
The Gammaretrovirus core encapsidation signal is an RNA element known to be essential for stable dimerisation and efficient genome packaging during virus assembly. Dimerisation of the viral RNA genomes is proposed to act as an RNA conformational switch which exposes conserved UCUG elements and enables efficient genome ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/G-CSF%20factor%20stem-loop%20destabilising%20element
The G-CSF factor stem-loop destabilising element (SLDE) is an RNA element secreted by fibroblasts and endothelial cells in response to the inflammatory mediators interleukin-1 (IL-1) and tumour necrosis factor-alpha and by activated macrophages. The synthesis of G-CSF is regulated both transcriptionally and through con...