source
stringlengths
32
209
text
stringlengths
18
1.5k
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Alveolar%E2%80%93arterial%20gradient
The Alveolar–arterial gradient (A-, or A–a gradient), is a measure of the difference between the alveolar concentration (A) of oxygen and the arterial (a) concentration of oxygen. It is a useful parameter for narrowing the differential diagnosis of hypoxemia. The A–a gradient helps to assess the integrity of the alve...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Radio%20Narvik
Radio Narvik was a local radio station which covered the whole of Ofoten, including Narvik, Ankenes, Ballangen and Bjerkvik. The frequency was FM 103,5 and 150,5 in all areas. It was also possible to listen via internet radio. In 2005 Radio Narvik was bought by the newspaper Fremover, becoming part of Jærradiogruppen...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Viverroidea
Viverroidea is a clade within feliformia, containing both the family Viverridae, and the superfamily Herpestoidea. Classification Infraorder Viverroidea Family Viverridae (civets and allies) Superfamily Herpestoidea Family Eupleridae (Malagasy carnivorans) Family Herpestidae (mongooses and allies) Family Hyaenid...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Plateau%20potentials
Plateau potentials, caused by persistent inward currents (PICs), are a type of electrical behavior seen in neurons. Spinal Cord Plateau potentials are of particular importance to spinal cord motor systems. PICs are set up by the influence of descending monoaminergic reticulospinal pathways. Metabotropic neurotransmit...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Digital%20down%20converter
In digital signal processing, a digital down-converter (DDC) converts a digitized, band-limited signal to a lower frequency signal at a lower sampling rate in order to simplify the subsequent radio stages. The process can preserve all the information in the frequency band of interest of the original signal. The input a...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List%20of%20CSI%3A%20Miami%20characters
List of characters for the CBS television series, CSI: Miami. Equations During CSI: Miamis opening credits, several actors' names morph in and out of equations. Notable cast members CSI: Miami ran for ten seasons between 2002 and 2012, and featured a cast of thirteen regulars. David Caruso, as Lieutenant Horatio Cai...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ubiquinol
A ubiquinol is an electron-rich (reduced) form of coenzyme Q (ubiquinone). The term most often refers to ubiquinol-10, with a 10-unit tail most commonly found in humans. The natural ubiquinol form of coenzyme Q is 2,3-dimethoxy-5-methyl-6-poly prenyl-1,4-benzoquinol, where the polyprenylated side-chain is 9-10 units l...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Glutamyl%20aminopeptidase
Glutamyl aminopeptidase (, aminopeptidase A, aspartate aminopeptidase, angiotensinase A, glutamyl peptidase, Ca2+-activated glutamate aminopeptidase, membrane aminopeptidase II, antigen BP-1/6C3 of mouse B lymphocytes, L-aspartate aminopeptidase, angiotensinase A2) is an enzyme encoded by the gene. Glutamyl aminopepti...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Glutamate%20carboxypeptidase
Glutamate carboxypeptidase (, carboxypeptidase G, carboxypeptidase G1, carboxypeptidase G2, glutamyl carboxypeptidase, N-pteroyl-L-glutamate hydrolase) is an enzyme. This enzyme catalyses the following chemical reaction Release of C-terminal glutamate residues from a wide range of N-acylating moieties, including pept...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Carboxypeptidase%20C
Carboxypeptidase C (, carboxypeptidase Y, serine carboxypeptidase I, cathepsin A, lysosomal protective protein, deamidase, lysosomal carboxypeptidase A, phaseolin) is an enzyme. This enzyme catalyses the following chemical reaction Release of a C-terminal amino acid with broad specificity This enzyme is a carboxypep...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cathepsin%20A
Cathepsin A is an enzyme that is classified both as a cathepsin and a carboxypeptidase. In humans, it is encoded by the CTSA gene. Function This gene encodes a glycoprotein that associates with lysosomal enzymes beta-galactosidase and neuraminidase to form a complex of high-molecular-weight multimers. The formatio...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Schouten%E2%80%93Nijenhuis%20bracket
In differential geometry, the Schouten–Nijenhuis bracket, also known as the Schouten bracket, is a type of graded Lie bracket defined on multivector fields on a smooth manifold extending the Lie bracket of vector fields. There are two different versions, both rather confusingly called by the same name. The most commo...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/CIGL-FM
CIGL-FM is a Canadian radio station, broadcasting on the assigned frequency of 97.1 MHz in Belleville, Ontario, with the on-air branding of Mix 97. It airs a hot adult contemporary format. History The station first started in 1962 as CJBQ-FM, then changed its callsign to CIGL-FM in 1978. The former CJBQ callsign curre...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Quasi-birth%E2%80%93death%20process
In queueing models, a discipline within the mathematical theory of probability, the quasi-birth–death process describes a generalisation of the birth–death process. As with the birth-death process it moves up and down between levels one at a time, but the time between these transitions can have a more complicated distr...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vector%20path
In graphics design, a vector path is a drawn or generated outline that represents a series of smooth straight (vector) lines instead of raster dots (or bitmap dots). Therefore, the paths are independent of resolution. They also have a special feature that bitmaps and vectors do not have - the ability to change based o...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Search-based%20software%20engineering
Search-based software engineering (SBSE) applies metaheuristic search techniques such as genetic algorithms, simulated annealing and tabu search to software engineering problems. Many activities in software engineering can be stated as optimization problems. Optimization techniques of operations research such as linear...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Stephen%20Harvey%20%28biologist%29
Stephen C. Harvey (born 1940) is a structural biologist with research interest in nucleic acids, the ribosome, virus structure and high density lipoprotein. He is currently an adjunct professor in the Department of Biochemistry and Biophysics at the University of Pennsylvania and professor emeritus and Georgia Researc...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nijenhuis%20bracket
In mathematics there are four different but related brackets named after Albert Nijenhuis, giving Lie superalgebra structures to various spaces of tensors: Frölicher–Nijenhuis bracket (defined on vector valued forms, extending the Lie bracket of vector fields) Nijenhuis–Richardson bracket (defined on vector valued form...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List%20of%20British%20Rail%20power%20classifications
The British Transport Commission, later British Railways, used engine power output to categorise its requirements for the new main line diesel locomotive fleet following the 1955 modernisation plan. The locomotives built and put into service are listed below classified with the TOPS class numbers that were introduced ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Spectrum%20bias
In biostatistics, spectrum bias refers to the phenomenon that the performance of a diagnostic test may vary in different clinical settings because each setting has a different mix of patients. Because the performance may be dependent on the mix of patients, performance at one clinic may not be predictive of performanc...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/CJTN-FM
CJTN-FM is a radio station in Trenton, Ontario, broadcasting on the assigned frequency of 107.1 MHz, serving Belleville and the Quinte region. Owned by Quinte Broadcasting, the station airs a classic rock music format branded as Rock 107. History The station began broadcasting at 1270 kHz on January 22, 1979, at a pow...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kevin%20McCurley%20%28cryptographer%29
Kevin Snow McCurley is a mathematician, computer scientist, and cryptographer, and a former research scientist at Google. He has written publications about information retrieval, algorithms, parallel computing, cryptography, and number theory. Early life and education When he was a child, McCurley had built model pla...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/MYO7A
Myosin VIIA is protein that in humans is encoded by the MYO7A gene. Myosin VIIA is a member of the unconventional myosin superfamily of proteins. Myosins are actin binding molecular motors that use the enzymatic conversion of ATP - ADP + inorganic phosphate (Pi) to provide the energy for movement. Myosins are mechanoc...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Environmental%20enterprise
An environmental enterprise is an environmentally friendly/compatible business. Specifically, an environmental enterprise is a business that produces value in the same manner which an ecosystem does, neither producing waste nor consuming unsustainable resources. In addition, an environmental enterprise rather finds alt...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Key%20selection%20vector
A Key Selection Vector (KSV) is a numerical identifier associated with a Device Key Set which is distributed by a Licensor or its designee to Adopters and is used to support authentication of Licensed Products and Revocation as part of the HDCP copy protection system. The KSV is used to generate confidential keys, spec...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/7-Aminoactinomycin%20D
7-Aminoactinomycin D (7-AAD) is a fluorescent chemical compound with a strong affinity for DNA. It is used as a fluorescent marker for DNA in fluorescence microscopy and flow cytometry. It intercalates in double-stranded DNA, with a high affinity for GC-rich regions, making it useful for chromosome banding studies. ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Symmetric%20rank-one
The Symmetric Rank 1 (SR1) method is a quasi-Newton method to update the second derivative (Hessian) based on the derivatives (gradients) calculated at two points. It is a generalization to the secant method for a multidimensional problem. This update maintains the symmetry of the matrix but does not guarantee that the...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mark%20Burrier
Mark Burrier (born 6 May 1979) is an American cartoonist and illustrator. Career Burrier's style involves a fluid brush line and limited uses of color and texture. His works have been shown in galleries in New York City, Los Angeles, Tokyo, France, and Denmark. Burrier is also a skateboarder and has had his artwork ap...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Insulin-degrading%20enzyme
Insulin-degrading enzyme, also known as IDE, is an enzyme. Known alternatively as insulysin or insulin protease, IDE is a large zinc-binding protease of the M16 metalloprotease family known to cleave multiple short polypeptides that vary considerably in sequence. Other members of this family include the mitochondrial ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/KCNE2
Potassium voltage-gated channel subfamily E member 2 (KCNE2), also known as MinK-related peptide 1 (MiRP1), is a protein that in humans is encoded by the KCNE2 gene on chromosome 21. MiRP1 is a voltage-gated potassium channel accessory subunit (beta subunit) associated with Long QT syndrome. It is ubiquitously expresse...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/SCN4B
Sodium channel β-subunit 4, also known as SCN4B or Naβ4, is an auxiliary sodium channel subunit that can alter the kinetics of sodium channels. The protein is encoded by the SCN4B gene. Mutations in the SCN4B are associated with long QT syndrome. SCN4B might additionally function as a cell adhesion molecule. See also...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/RpoF
The gene rpoF (RNA polymerase, flagellum F) encodes the sigma factor sigma-28 (σ28, or RpoF), a protein in Escherichia coli and other species of bacteria. Depending on the bacterial species, this gene may be referred to as sigD or fliA. The protein encoded by this gene has been found to be necessary for flagellum forma...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/MB-3%20%28drug%29
MB-3 is a drug which acts as a potent and selective inhibitor of the histone acetyltransferase enzyme GCN5, which usually functions as a negative modulator of PGC-1α, and so MB-3 acts to indirectly activate PGC-1α. It is used in research into the role of the GCN5/PGC-1α pathway in the regulation of metabolism and cell ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Artie%20Owens
Arthur Gene Owens (born January 14, 1953) was an American football running back, return specialist, and receiver that played collegiately for the West Virginia Mountaineers. He was also a track runner for the Mountaineers. Owens was primarily known for playing in the National Football League (NFL) and also in the Unite...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Resonance%20fluorescence
Resonance fluorescence is the process in which a two-level atom system interacts with the quantum electromagnetic field if the field is driven at a frequency near to the natural frequency of the atom. General theory Typically the photon contained electromagnetic field is applied to the two-level atom through the use o...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Davidon%E2%80%93Fletcher%E2%80%93Powell%20formula
The Davidon–Fletcher–Powell formula (or DFP; named after William C. Davidon, Roger Fletcher, and Michael J. D. Powell) finds the solution to the secant equation that is closest to the current estimate and satisfies the curvature condition. It was the first quasi-Newton method to generalize the secant method to a multid...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Germany%20Billie%20Jean%20King%20Cup%20team
The Germany women's national tennis team represents Germany in Billie Jean King Cup tennis competition and are governed by Deutscher Tennis Bund. Current team Statistics correct as of 16 October 2023. History Germany competed in its first Fed Cup in 1963. They won the Cup in 1987 and 1992, and finished as runners-up...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Population%20vector
In neuroscience, a population vector is the sum of the preferred directions of a population of neurons, weighted by the respective spike counts. The formula for computing the (normalized) population vector, , takes the following form: Where is the activity of cell , and is the preferred input for cell . Note that ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Scree%20plot
In multivariate statistics, a scree plot is a line plot of the eigenvalues of factors or principal components in an analysis. The scree plot is used to determine the number of factors to retain in an exploratory factor analysis (FA) or principal components to keep in a principal component analysis (PCA). The procedure ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Yellow%20cab%20%28stereotype%29
is a disparaging term for Japanese women who travel overseas or to foreign enclaves in Japan seeking to meet foreign men. The term combines the use of "yellow", a color/racial classification category for people of East Asian origin, and the image of a yellow cab which can be "ridden at any time". The term was sprea...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mesothelin
Mesothelin, also known as MSLN, is a protein that in humans is encoded by the MSLN gene. Function Mesothelin is a 40 kDa protein that is expressed in mesothelial cells. The protein was first identified by its reactivity with monoclonal antibody K1. Subsequent cloning studies showed that the mesothelin gene encodes a...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jo-ha-ky%C5%AB
is a concept of modulation and movement applied in a wide variety of traditional Japanese arts. Roughly translated to "beginning, break, rapid", it essentially means that all actions or efforts should begin slowly, speed up, and then end swiftly. This concept is applied to elements of the Japanese tea ceremony, martial...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jean%20Forestier
Jean Forestier (born 7 October 1930) is a French former cyclist. He was a professional from 1953 to 1965. Forestier won the points classification in the 1957 Tour de France, and wore the yellow jersey for two days. He also won the 1955 Paris–Roubaix. Major results Source: 1953 1st GP de Thizy 9th Overall Circuit de...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Genome%20survey%20sequence
In the fields of bioinformatics and computational biology, Genome survey sequences (GSS) are nucleotide sequences similar to expressed sequence tags (ESTs) that the only difference is that most of them are genomic in origin, rather than mRNA. Genome survey sequences are typically generated and submitted to NCBI by lab...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List%20of%20whitewater%20rivers
A whitewater river is any river where its gradient and/or flow create rapids or whitewater turbulence. This list only focuses on rivers which are suitable for whitewater sports such as canoeing, kayaking, and rafting. Africa Zambezi, Zambia Nile, Uganda Tana River, Kenya Asia Pakistan Sutlej Braldu Swat Kun...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/GCD%20test
In compiler theory, a greatest common divisor test (GCD test) is the test used in study of loop optimization and loop dependence analysis to test the dependency between loop statements. Description A greatest common divisor (GCD) test is a test used in computer science compiler theory to study of loop optimization an...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ikanos%20Communications
Ikanos Communications, Incorporated, was a provider of semiconductor and software products for use in homes. It was headquartered in Fremont, California. The company’s digital subscriber line, communications processors and other products were used in customer premises equipment from network equipment manufacturers and...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jerry%20Murphy
Jeremiah Michael Murphy (born 23 September 1959) is a retired professional footballer who played as a midfielder in the League for Crystal Palace and Chelsea before moving into non-league football with Fisher Athletic. Born in England, he made three appearances for the Republic of Ireland national team. Career Murphy ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Protein%20adulteration%20in%20China
In China, the adulteration and contamination of several food and feed ingredients with inexpensive melamine and other compounds, such as cyanuric acid, ammeline and ammelide, are common practice. These adulterants can be used to inflate the apparent protein content of products, so that inexpensive ingredients can pass ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Quantum%20master%20equation
A quantum master equation is a generalization of the idea of a master equation. Rather than just a system of differential equations for a set of probabilities (which only constitutes the diagonal elements of a density matrix), quantum master equations are differential equations for the entire density matrix, including ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/International%20Red%20Cross%20Wound%20Classification%20System
The International Red Cross wound classification system is a system whereby certain features of a wound are scored: the size of the skin wound(s); whether there is a cavity, fracture or vital structure injured; the presence or absence of metallic foreign bodies. A numerical value is given to each feature (E, X, C, F, V...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Small%20nucleolar%20RNA%20U3
In molecular biology, U3 snoRNA is a non-coding RNA found predominantly in the nucleolus. U3 has C/D box motifs that technically make it a member of the box C/D class of snoRNAs; however, unlike other C/D box snoRNAs, it has not been shown to direct 2'-O-methylation of other RNAs. Rather, U3 is thought to guide site-sp...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/The%20Hungry%20Gene
The Hungry Gene is a 2002 book by Ellen Ruppel Shell in which she tackles the issue of obesity. It is a non-fiction journalistic book. The author devotes multiple chapters of her book to the events that led to the co-discovery of the Leptin gene in 1994. Based on interviews with the parties involved, she reports that L...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pepscan
Pepscan is a procedure for mapping and characterizing epitopes involving the synthesis of overlapping peptides and analysis of the peptides in enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays (ELISAs). The method is based on combinatorial chemistry and was pioneered by Mario Geysen and coworkers. Rob Meloen was one of Geysen's co-...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/6S%20/%20SsrS%20RNA
In the field of molecular biology the 6S RNA is a non-coding RNA that was one of the first to be identified and sequenced. What it does in the bacterial cell was unknown until recently. In the early 2000s scientists found out the function of 6S RNA to be as a regulator of sigma 70-dependent gene transcription. All bact...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Small%20nucleolar%20RNA%20SNORD14
In molecular biology, U14 small nucleolar RNA (U14 snoRNA) is a non-coding RNA required for early cleavages of eukaryotic precursor rRNAs. In yeasts, this molecule possesses a stem-loop region (known as the Y-domain) which is essential for function. A similar structure, but with a different consensus sequence, is found...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Y%20RNA
Y RNAs are small non-coding RNAs. They are components of the Ro60 ribonucleoprotein particle which is a target of autoimmune antibodies in patients with systemic lupus erythematosus. They are also reported to be necessary for DNA replication through interactions with chromatin and initiation proteins. However, mouse em...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/RNase%20MRP
RNase MRP (also called RMRP) is an enzymatically active ribonucleoprotein with two distinct roles in eukaryotes. RNAse MRP stands for RNAse for mitochondrial RNA processing. In mitochondria it plays a direct role in the initiation of mitochondrial DNA replication. In the nucleus it is involved in precursor rRNA process...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hairpin%20ribozyme
The hairpin ribozyme is a small section of RNA that can act as a ribozyme. Like the hammerhead ribozyme it is found in RNA satellites of plant viruses. It was first identified in the minus strand of the tobacco ringspot virus (TRSV) satellite RNA where it catalyzes self-cleavage and joining (ligation) reactions to proc...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cobalamin%20riboswitch
Cobalamin riboswitch is a cis-regulatory element which is widely distributed in 5' untranslated regions of vitamin B12 (Cobalamin) related genes in bacteria. Cobalamin (vitamin B12, coenzyme B12 ) riboswitches are structured RNA elements that regulate adjacent genes related to cobalamin metabolism in response to cobal...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tryptophan%20operon%20leader
The Tryptophan operon leader is an RNA element found at the 5′ of some bacterial tryptophan operons. The leader sequence can form two different structures known as the terminator and the anti-terminator, based on the Tryptophan amounts in the cell. The leader also codes for very short peptide sequence that is rich in t...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/LZRW
Lempel–Ziv Ross Williams (LZRW) refers to variants of the LZ77 lossless data compression algorithms with an emphasis on improving compression speed through the use of hash tables and other techniques. This family was explored by Ross Williams, who published a series of algorithms beginning with LZRW1 in 1991. The var...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Maximization
Maximization or maximisation may refer to: Maximization in the sense of exaggeration Entropy maximization Maximization (economics) Profit maximization Utility maximization problem Budget-maximizing model Shareholder value, maximization Maximization (psychology) Optimization (mathematics) Expectation–maximizat...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tetrode%20transistor
A tetrode transistor is any transistor having four active terminals. Early tetrode transistors There were two types of tetrode transistor developed in the early 1950s as an improvement over the point-contact transistor and the later grown-junction transistor and alloy-junction transistor. Both offered much higher spee...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Roger%20Squires
Roger Squires (22 February 1932 – 1 June 2023) was a British crossword compiler/setter, who lived in Ironbridge, Shropshire. He was best known for being the world's most prolific compiler. He compiled under the pseudonym Rufus in The Guardian, Dante in The Financial Times and was the Monday setter for the Daily Telegra...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Low-energy%20electron%20microscopy
Low-energy electron microscopy, or LEEM, is an analytical surface science technique used to image atomically clean surfaces, atom-surface interactions, and thin (crystalline) films. In LEEM, high-energy electrons (15-20 keV) are emitted from an electron gun, focused using a set of condenser optics, and sent through a m...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Statistical%20model%20specification
In statistics, model specification is part of the process of building a statistical model: specification consists of selecting an appropriate functional form for the model and choosing which variables to include. For example, given personal income together with years of schooling and on-the-job experience , we might ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/FCCH
FCCH stands for Frequency Correction Channel. It is a downlink-only control channel in the GSM Um air interface. The FCCH burst, defined in GSM 05.02 section 5.2.4, is an all-zero sequence that produces a fixed tone in the GMSK modulator output. This tone enables the Mobile to lock its local oscillator to the BS clock ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Spacistor
The spacistor was a type of transistor developed in the 1950s as an improvement over the point-contact transistor and the later alloy junction transistor. It offered much higher speed than earlier transistors. It became obsolete in the early 1960s with the development of the diffusion transistor. It is composed of a P...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sutherland%E2%80%93Hodgman%20algorithm
The Sutherland–Hodgman algorithm is an algorithm used for clipping polygons. It works by extending each line of the convex clip polygon in turn and selecting only vertices from the subject polygon that are on the visible side. Description The algorithm begins with an input list of all vertices in the subject polygon. ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Synchronization%20%28alternating%20current%29
In an alternating current (AC) electric power system, synchronization is the process of matching the frequency and phase and voltage of a generator or other source to an electrical grid in order to transfer power. If two unconnected segments of a grid are to be connected to each other, they cannot safely exchange AC po...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Spin%20trapping
Spin trapping is an analytical technique employed in chemistry and biology for the detection and identification of short-lived free radicals through the use of electron paramagnetic resonance (EPR) spectroscopy. EPR spectroscopy detects paramagnetic species such as the unpaired electrons of free radicals. However, when...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Covariance%20and%20contravariance
Covariance and contravariance may refer to: Covariance and contravariance of vectors, in mathematics and theoretical physics Covariance and contravariance of functors, in category theory Covariance and contravariance (computer science), whether a type system preserves the ordering ≤ of types See also Covariance, i...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Senile%20osteoporosis
Senile osteoporosis has been recently recognized as a geriatric syndrome with a particular pathophysiology. There are different classification of osteoporosis: primary, in which bone loss is a result of aging and secondary, in which bone loss occurs from various clinical and lifestyle factors. Primary, or involuntary o...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/New%20York%20State%20Sportswriters%20Association
The New York State Sportswriters Association (NYSSWA), founded in 1967, is a source of reference information and statistics about scholastic athletics in the state. Begun by sportswriters Larry Serrell of the Schenectady Daily Gazette and Chuck Korbar of the Buffalo Evening News, NYSSWA membership grew from 12 in 1967 ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Qa-1b
Within molecular and cell biology, Qa-1b is a MHC class I molecule and is the functional homolog of HLA-E in humans. Qa-1b is characterised by its limited polymorphisms and small peptide repertoire. Qa-1b binds to peptides derived from signal peptides of MHC class Ia molecule and interact with the CD94/NKG2 receptors o...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Home%20runs%20per%20nine%20innings
In baseball statistics, home runs allowed per 9 innings pitched (HR/9IP or HR/9) or home runs allowed per nine innings (denoted by HR/9) is the average number of home runs given up by a pitcher per nine innings pitched. It is determined by multiplying the number of home runs allowed by nine and dividing by the number ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lie%20algebra%20bundle
In mathematics, a weak Lie algebra bundle is a vector bundle over a base space X together with a morphism which induces a Lie algebra structure on each fibre . A Lie algebra bundle is a vector bundle in which each fibre is a Lie algebra and for every x in X, there is an open set containing x, a Lie algebra L and ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Matrix%20determinant%20lemma
In mathematics, in particular linear algebra, the matrix determinant lemma computes the determinant of the sum of an invertible matrix A and the dyadic product, uvT, of a column vector u and a row vector vT. Statement Suppose A is an invertible square matrix and u, v are column vectors. Then the matrix determinant le...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Monte%20Alto%20photovoltaic%20power%20plant
The Monte Alto photovoltaic power plant in Spain has a generating capacity of 9.55 megawatts peak (MWp) and will generate 14 million kilowatt-hours of electricity per annum. It cost 65 million euros [US$87 million]. The installation covers an area of 51 hectares on agricultural land near the locality of Milagro (Nava...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/En-V
EN-V can refer to: The LG enV (VX9900) cell phone The General Motors EN-V autonomous electronic car prototype.
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/PicoChip
Picochip was a venture-backed fabless semiconductor company based in Bath, England, founded in 2000. In January 2012 Picochip was acquired by Mindspeed Technologies, Inc and subsequently by Intel. The company was active in two areas, with two distinct product families. Picochip was one of the first companies to start...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/CDR%20Canal%202
CDR Canal 2 is a Costa Rican music television channel. The frequency belonged to Roxie Blen until 2011 when the station was sold to Central de Radios, a unit of Repretel. The channel broadcasts on digital channel 11.2 which is used for its sister channel Canal 11 due to the frequency being impossible to convert to digi...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Carbamoyl%20phosphate%20synthetase
Carbamoyl phosphate synthetase catalyzes the ATP-dependent synthesis of carbamoyl phosphate from glutamine () or ammonia () and bicarbonate. This enzyme catalyzes the reaction of ATP and bicarbonate to produce carboxy phosphate and ADP. Carboxy phosphate reacts with ammonia to give carbamic acid. In turn, carbamic acid...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Carbamoyl%20phosphate%20synthase%20II
Carbamoyl phosphate synthetase (glutamine-hydrolysing) () is an enzyme that catalyzes the reactions that produce carbamoyl phosphate in the cytosol (as opposed to type I, which functions in the mitochondria). Its systemic name is hydrogen-carbonate:L-glutamine amido-ligase (ADP-forming, carbamate-phosphorylating). In ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dihydroorotase
Dihydroorotase (, carbamoylaspartic dehydrase, dihydroorotate hydrolase) is an enzyme which converts carbamoyl aspartic acid into 4,5-dihydroorotic acid in the biosynthesis of pyrimidines. It forms a multifunctional enzyme with carbamoyl phosphate synthetase and aspartate transcarbamoylase. Dihydroorotase is a zinc met...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Orotate%20phosphoribosyltransferase
Orotate phosphoribosyltransferase (OPRTase) or orotic acid phosphoribosyltransferase is an enzyme involved in pyrimidine biosynthesis. It catalyzes the formation of orotidine 5'-monophosphate (OMP) from orotate and phosphoribosyl pyrophosphate. In yeast and bacteria, orotate phosphoribosyltransferase is an independen...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/DBAG%20Class%20422
The Class 422 is a series of four-car electric multiple units that are a derivative of the DBAG Class 423. The two inner cars in the set are designated as Class 432 vehicles. History The units were commissioned by Deutsche Bahn in 2005. 78 units worth €343 million were built by Bombardier Transportation and Alstom an...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Harish-Chandra%27s%20regularity%20theorem
In mathematics, Harish-Chandra's regularity theorem, introduced by , states that every invariant eigendistribution on a semisimple Lie group, and in particular every character of an irreducible unitary representation on a Hilbert space, is given by a locally integrable function. proved a similar theorem for semisimple...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fukushima%27s%20Theorem
In physics, Fukushima's Theorem holds that for all points beneath the ionosphere the magnetic fields from field-aligned currents and their corresponding Pedersen currents exactly cancel. By superposition the total magnetic field at the ground is then equal to the magnetic field from just the ionospheric Hall currents. ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Orotic%20aciduria
Orotic aciduria (AKA hereditary orotic aciduria) is a disease caused by an enzyme deficiency, resulting in a decreased ability to synthesize pyrimidines. It was the first described enzyme deficiency of the de novo pyrimidine synthesis pathway. Orotic aciduria is characterized by excessive excretion of orotic acid in u...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Methylenedioxyallylamphetamine
Methylenedioxyallylamphetamine (MDAL or 3,4-methylenedioxy-N-allylamphetamine) is a lesser-known psychedelic drug. It is also the N-allyl derivative of 3,4-methylenedioxyamphetamine (MDA). MDAL was first synthesized by Alexander Shulgin. In his book PiHKAL, the minimum dosage is listed as 180 mg, and the duration unkno...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Problem%20of%20points
The problem of points, also called the problem of division of the stakes, is a classical problem in probability theory. One of the famous problems that motivated the beginnings of modern probability theory in the 17th century, it led Blaise Pascal to the first explicit reasoning about what today is known as an expected...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Quartile%20coefficient%20of%20dispersion
In statistics, the quartile coefficient of dispersion is a descriptive statistic which measures dispersion and is used to make comparisons within and between data sets. Since it is based on quantile information, it is less sensitive to outliers than measures such as the coefficient of variation. As such, it is one of s...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Implicit%20curve
In mathematics, an implicit curve is a plane curve defined by an implicit equation relating two coordinate variables, commonly x and y. For example, the unit circle is defined by the implicit equation . In general, every implicit curve is defined by an equation of the form for some function F of two variables. Hence ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Epimerase%20and%20racemase
Epimerases and racemases are isomerase enzymes that catalyze the inversion of stereochemistry in biological molecules. Racemases catalyze the stereochemical inversion around the asymmetric carbon atom in a substrate having only one center of asymmetry. Epimerases catalyze the stereochemical inversion of the configurat...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sure
Sure may refer to: Seemingly unrelated regressions Series of Unsurprising Results in Economics (SURE), an economics academic journal Sure, as probability, see certainty Sure (brand), a brand of antiperspirant deodorant Sure (company), a telecommunications company operating in British Crown Dependencies and Overs...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Purine%20metabolism
Purine metabolism refers to the metabolic pathways to synthesize and break down purines that are present in many organisms. Biosynthesis Purines are biologically synthesized as nucleotides and in particular as ribotides, i.e. bases attached to ribose 5-phosphate. Both adenine and guanine are derived from the nucleotid...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Xanthosine%20monophosphate
Xanthosine monophosphate also called Xanthylate is an intermediate in purine metabolism. It is a ribonucleoside monophosphate. It is formed from IMP via the action of IMP dehydrogenase, and it forms GMP via the action of GMP synthase. Also, XMP can be released from XTP by enzyme deoxyribonucleoside triphosphate pyropho...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/GMP%20synthase
Guanosine monophosphate synthetase, () also known as GMPS is an enzyme that converts xanthosine monophosphate to guanosine monophosphate. In the de novo synthesis of purine nucleotides, IMP is the branch point metabolite at which point the pathway diverges to the synthesis of either guanine or adenine nucleotides. In ...