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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Medical%20imaging
Medical imaging is the technique and process of imaging the interior of a body for clinical analysis and medical intervention, as well as visual representation of the function of some organs or tissues (physiology). Medical imaging seeks to reveal internal structures hidden by the skin and bones, as well as to diagnose...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List%20of%20integrals%20of%20rational%20functions
The following is a list of integrals (antiderivative functions) of rational functions. Any rational function can be integrated by partial fraction decomposition of the function into a sum of functions of the form: which can then be integrated term by term. For other types of functions, see lists of integrals. Misce...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lists%20of%20integrals
Integration is the basic operation in integral calculus. While differentiation has straightforward rules by which the derivative of a complicated function can be found by differentiating its simpler component functions, integration does not, so tables of known integrals are often useful. This page lists some of the mo...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/James%20Joseph%20Sylvester
James Joseph Sylvester (3 September 1814 – 15 March 1897) was an English mathematician. He made fundamental contributions to matrix theory, invariant theory, number theory, partition theory, and combinatorics. He played a leadership role in American mathematics in the later half of the 19th century as a professor at ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List%20of%20integrals%20of%20irrational%20functions
The following is a list of integrals (antiderivative functions) of irrational functions. For a complete list of integral functions, see lists of integrals. Throughout this article the constant of integration is omitted for brevity. Integrals involving r = Integrals involving s = Assume x2 > a2 (for x2 < a2, see nex...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Distributed%20memory
In computer science, distributed memory refers to a multiprocessor computer system in which each processor has its own private memory. Computational tasks can only operate on local data, and if remote data are required, the computational task must communicate with one or more remote processors. In contrast, a shared me...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List%20of%20integrals%20of%20trigonometric%20functions
The following is a list of integrals (antiderivative functions) of trigonometric functions. For antiderivatives involving both exponential and trigonometric functions, see List of integrals of exponential functions. For a complete list of antiderivative functions, see Lists of integrals. For the special antiderivatives...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dispatch%20table
In computer science, a dispatch table is a table of pointers or memory addresses to functions or methods. Use of such a table is a common technique when implementing late binding in object-oriented programming. Perl implementation The following shows one way to implement a dispatch table in Perl, using a hash to sto...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List%20of%20integrals%20of%20exponential%20functions
The following is a list of integrals of exponential functions. For a complete list of integral functions, please see the list of integrals. Indefinite integral Indefinite integrals are antiderivative functions. A constant (the constant of integration) may be added to the right hand side of any of these formulas, but...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List%20of%20integrals%20of%20inverse%20hyperbolic%20functions
The following is a list of indefinite integrals (antiderivatives) of expressions involving the inverse hyperbolic functions. For a complete list of integral formulas, see lists of integrals. In all formulas the constant is assumed to be nonzero, and denotes the constant of integration. For each inverse hyperbolic ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List%20of%20integrals%20of%20inverse%20trigonometric%20functions
The following is a list of indefinite integrals (antiderivatives) of expressions involving the inverse trigonometric functions. For a complete list of integral formulas, see lists of integrals. The inverse trigonometric functions are also known as the "arc functions". C is used for the arbitrary constant of integrat...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List%20of%20integrals%20of%20logarithmic%20functions
The following is a list of integrals (antiderivative functions) of logarithmic functions. For a complete list of integral functions, see list of integrals. Note: x > 0 is assumed throughout this article, and the constant of integration is omitted for simplicity. Integrals involving only logarithmic functions ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List%20of%20integrals%20of%20hyperbolic%20functions
The following is a list of integrals (anti-derivative functions) of hyperbolic functions. For a complete list of integral functions, see list of integrals. In all formulas the constant a is assumed to be nonzero, and C denotes the constant of integration. Integrals involving only hyperbolic sine functions Integrals ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nth%20root
In mathematics, taking the nth root is an operation involving two numbers, the radicand and the index or degree. Taking the nth root is written as , where is the radicand and n is the index (also sometimes called the degree). This is pronounced as "the nth root of x". The definition then of an nth root of a number x i...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Reverse%20transcription%20polymerase%20chain%20reaction
Reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) is a laboratory technique combining reverse transcription of RNA into DNA (in this context called complementary DNA or cDNA) and amplification of specific DNA targets using polymerase chain reaction (PCR). It is primarily used to measure the amount of a specific ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Index%20of%20cryptography%20articles
Articles related to cryptography include: A A5/1 • A5/2 • ABA digital signature guidelines • ABC (stream cipher) • Abraham Sinkov • Acoustic cryptanalysis • Adaptive chosen-ciphertext attack • Adaptive chosen plaintext and chosen ciphertext attack • Advantage (cryptography) • ADFGVX cipher • Adi Sh...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/DNA%20paternity%20testing
DNA paternity testing is the use of DNA profiles to determine whether an individual is the biological parent of another individual. Paternity testing can be especially important when the rights and duties of the father are in issue and a child's paternity is in doubt. Tests can also determine the likelihood of someone ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Trace%20element
A trace element is a chemical element of a minute quantity, a trace amount, especially used in referring to a micronutrient, but is also used to refer to minor elements in the composition of a rock, or other chemical substance. In nutrition, trace elements are classified into two groups: essential trace elements, and...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Amenorrhea
Amenorrhea is the absence of a menstrual period in a female who has reached reproductive age. Physiological states of amenorrhoea are seen, most commonly, during pregnancy and lactation (breastfeeding). Outside the reproductive years, there is absence of menses during childhood and after menopause. Amenorrhoea is a sy...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vulnerability%20scanner
A vulnerability scanner is a computer program designed to assess computers, networks or applications for known weaknesses. These scanners are used to discover the weaknesses of a given system. They are utilized in the identification and detection of vulnerabilities arising from mis-configurations or flawed programming...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Appetite
Appetite is the desire to eat food items, usually due to hunger. Appealing foods can stimulate appetite even when hunger is absent, although appetite can be greatly reduced by satiety. Appetite exists in all higher life-forms, and serves to regulate adequate energy intake to maintain metabolic needs. It is regulated by...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Suction
Suction is the result of air pressure differential between areas. Removing air from a space results in a pressure differential. Suction pressure is therefore limited by external air pressure. Even a perfect vacuum cannot suck with more pressure than is available in the surrounding environment. Suctions can form on th...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rendezvous%20problem
The rendezvous dilemma is a logical dilemma, typically formulated in this way: Two people have a date in a park they have never been to before. Arriving separately in the park, they are both surprised to discover that it is a huge area and consequently they cannot find one another. In this situation each person has to...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rubber-hose%20cryptanalysis
In cryptography, rubber-hose cryptanalysis is a euphemism for the extraction of cryptographic secrets (e.g. the password to an encrypted file) from a person by coercion or torture—such as beating that person with a rubber hose, hence the name—in contrast to a mathematical or technical cryptanalytic attack. Details A...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Corporate%20governance
Corporate governance are mechanisms, processes and relations by which corporations are controlled and operated ("governed"). Definitions "Corporate governance" may be defined, described or delineated in diverse ways, depending on the writer's purpose. Writers focused on a disciplinary interest or context (such as acco...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sensor
A sensor is a device that produces an output signal for the purpose of sensing a physical phenomenon. In the broadest definition, a sensor is a device, module, machine, or subsystem that detects events or changes in its environment and sends the information to other electronics, frequently a computer processor. Sens...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Outsourcing
Outsourcing is an agreement in which one company hires another company to be responsible for a planned or existing activity which otherwise is or could be carried out internally, i.e. in-house, and sometimes involves transferring employees and assets from one firm to another. The term outsourcing, which came from the p...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Short%20circuit
A short circuit (sometimes abbreviated to short or s/c) is an electrical circuit that allows a current to travel along an unintended path with no or very low electrical impedance. This results in an excessive current flowing through the circuit. The opposite of a short circuit is an open circuit, which is an infinite r...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Thurston%20elliptization%20conjecture
William Thurston's elliptization conjecture states that a closed 3-manifold with finite fundamental group is spherical, i.e. has a Riemannian metric of constant positive sectional curvature. Relation to other conjectures A 3-manifold with a Riemannian metric of constant positive sectional curvature is covered by the 3...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Unitary%20transformation
In mathematics, a unitary transformation is a transformation that preserves the inner product: the inner product of two vectors before the transformation is equal to their inner product after the transformation. Formal definition More precisely, a unitary transformation is an isomorphism between two inner product spac...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Unary%20coding
Unary coding, or the unary numeral system and also sometimes called thermometer code, is an entropy encoding that represents a natural number, n, with a code of length n + 1 ( or n ), usually n ones followed by a zero (if natural number is understood as non-negative integer) or with n − 1 ones followed by a zero (if n...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Subsequence
In mathematics, a subsequence of a given sequence is a sequence that can be derived from the given sequence by deleting some or no elements without changing the order of the remaining elements. For example, the sequence is a subsequence of obtained after removal of elements and The relation of one sequence being t...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Longest%20common%20subsequence
A longest common subsequence (LCS) is the longest subsequence common to all sequences in a set of sequences (often just two sequences). It differs from the longest common substring: unlike substrings, subsequences are not required to occupy consecutive positions within the original sequences. The problem of computing l...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Plone%20%28software%29
Plone is a free and open source content management system (CMS) built on top of the Zope application server. Plone is positioned as an enterprise CMS and is commonly used for intranets and as part of the web presence of large organizations. High-profile public sector users include the U.S. Federal Bureau of Investigati...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/AOLserver
AOLserver is AOL's open source web server. AOLserver is multithreaded, Tcl-enabled, and used for large scale, dynamic web sites. AOLserver is distributed under the Mozilla Public License. AOLserver was originally developed by NaviSoft under the name "NaviServer", but changed names when AOL bought the company in 1995....
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Internet%20Group%20Management%20Protocol
The Internet Group Management Protocol (IGMP) is a communications protocol used by hosts and adjacent routers on IPv4 networks to establish multicast group memberships. IGMP is an integral part of IP multicast and allows the network to direct multicast transmissions only to hosts that have requested them. IGMP can be ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Postdigital
Postdigital, in artistic practice, is an attitude that is more concerned with being human, than with being digital, similar to the concept of "undigital" introduced in 1995, where technology and society advances beyond digital limitations to achieve a totally fluid multimediated reality that is free from artefacts of d...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Crumple%20zone
Crumple zones, crush zones, or crash zones are a structural safety feature used in vehicles, mainly in automobiles, to increase the time over which a change in velocity (and consequently momentum) occurs from the impact during a collision by a controlled deformation; in recent years, it is also incorporated into trains...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kaiser%20window
The Kaiser window, also known as the Kaiser–Bessel window, was developed by James Kaiser at Bell Laboratories. It is a one-parameter family of window functions used in finite impulse response filter design and spectral analysis. The Kaiser window approximates the DPSS window which maximizes the energy concentration in...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Roger%20Cotes
Roger Cotes (10 July 1682 – 5 June 1716) was an English mathematician, known for working closely with Isaac Newton by proofreading the second edition of his famous book, the Principia, before publication. He also invented the quadrature formulas known as Newton–Cotes formulas, and made a geometric argument that can be...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/3DMark
3DMark is a computer benchmarking tool created and developed by UL, (formerly Futuremark), to determine the performance of a computer's 3D graphic rendering and CPU workload processing capabilities. Running 3DMark produces a 3DMark score, with higher numbers indicating better performance. The 3DMark measurement unit i...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Design%20choice
In engineering, a design choice is a possible solution to a problem. Given a design task and a governing set of criteria (design specifications), several conceptual designs may be drafted. Each of these preliminary concepts is a potential design choice. Many never advance beyond the preliminary phase; those that are de...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Polyphase%20quadrature%20filter
A polyphase quadrature filter, or PQF, is a filter bank which splits an input signal into a given number N (mostly a power of 2) of equidistant sub-bands. A factor of N subsamples these sub-bands, so they are critically sampled. An important application of the polyphase filters (of FIR type) concerns the filtering and ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Specified%20load
In civil engineering, specified loads are the best estimate of the actual loads a structure is expected to carry. These loads come in many different forms, such as people, equipment, vehicles, wind, rain, snow, earthquakes, the building materials themselves, etc. Specified Loads also known as Characteristic loads in ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Quadrature%20mirror%20filter
In digital signal processing, a quadrature mirror filter is a filter whose magnitude response is the mirror image around of that of another filter. Together these filters, first introduced by Croisier et al., are known as the quadrature mirror filter pair. A filter is the quadrature mirror filter of if . The filte...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Forklift
A forklift (also called industrial truck, lift truck, jitney, hi-lo, fork truck, fork hoist, and forklift truck) is a powered industrial truck used to lift and move materials over short distances. The forklift was developed in the early 20th century by various companies, including Clark, which made transmissions, and Y...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ultimate%20tensile%20strength
Ultimate tensile strength (also called UTS, tensile strength, TS, ultimate strength or in notation) is the maximum stress that a material can withstand while being stretched or pulled before breaking. In brittle materials the ultimate tensile strength is close to the yield point, whereas in ductile materials the ultim...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Quotient%20space%20%28topology%29
In topology and related areas of mathematics, the quotient space of a topological space under a given equivalence relation is a new topological space constructed by endowing the quotient set of the original topological space with the quotient topology, that is, with the finest topology that makes continuous the canonic...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/AspectJ
AspectJ is an aspect-oriented programming (AOP) extension created at PARC for the Java programming language. It is available in Eclipse Foundation open-source projects, both stand-alone and integrated into Eclipse. AspectJ has become a widely used de facto standard for AOP by emphasizing simplicity and usability for en...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Abel%27s%20theorem
In mathematics, Abel's theorem for power series relates a limit of a power series to the sum of its coefficients. It is named after Norwegian mathematician Niels Henrik Abel. Theorem Let the Taylor series be a power series with real coefficients with radius of convergence Suppose that the series converges. T...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Information%20privacy
Information privacy is the relationship between the collection and dissemination of data, technology, the public expectation of privacy, contextual information norms, and the legal and political issues surrounding them. It is also known as data privacy or data protection. Data privacy is challenging since attempts t...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dissipative%20system
A dissipative system is a thermodynamically open system which is operating out of, and often far from, thermodynamic equilibrium in an environment with which it exchanges energy and matter. A tornado may be thought of as a dissipative system. Dissipative systems stand in contrast to conservative systems. A dissipative...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Anatomical%20snuffbox
The anatomical snuff box or snuffbox or foveola radialis is a triangular deepening on the radial, dorsal aspect of the hand—at the level of the carpal bones, specifically, the scaphoid and trapezium bones forming the floor. The name originates from the use of this surface for placing and then sniffing powdered tobacco,...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Saccharomyces%20cerevisiae
Saccharomyces cerevisiae () (brewer's yeast or baker's yeast) is a species of yeast (single-celled fungus microorganisms). The species has been instrumental in winemaking, baking, and brewing since ancient times. It is believed to have been originally isolated from the skin of grapes. It is one of the most intensively ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Leading-edge%20extension
A leading-edge extension (LEX) is a small extension to an aircraft wing surface, forward of the leading edge. The primary reason for adding an extension is to improve the airflow at high angles of attack and low airspeeds, to improve handling and delay the stall. A dog tooth can also improve airflow and reduce drag at ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vortex%20generator
A vortex generator (VG) is an aerodynamic device, consisting of a small vane usually attached to a lifting surface (or airfoil, such as an aircraft wing) or a rotor blade of a wind turbine. VGs may also be attached to some part of an aerodynamic vehicle such as an aircraft fuselage or a car. When the airfoil or the bo...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Negative%20resistance
In electronics, negative resistance (NR) is a property of some electrical circuits and devices in which an increase in voltage across the device's terminals results in a decrease in electric current through it. This is in contrast to an ordinary resistor in which an increase of applied voltage causes a proportional in...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Differintegral
In fractional calculus, an area of mathematical analysis, the differintegral is a combined differentiation/integration operator. Applied to a function ƒ, the q-differintegral of f, here denoted by is the fractional derivative (if q > 0) or fractional integral (if q < 0). If q = 0, then the q-th differintegral of a f...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/End-to-end%20principle
The end-to-end principle is a design framework in computer networking. In networks designed according to this principle, guaranteeing certain application-specific features, such as reliability and security, requires that they reside in the communicating end nodes of the network. Intermediary nodes, such as gateways an...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gibbs%20free%20energy
In thermodynamics, the Gibbs free energy (or Gibbs energy as the recommended name; symbol ) is a thermodynamic potential that can be used to calculate the maximum amount of work, other than pressure-volume work, that may be performed by a thermodynamically closed system at constant temperature and pressure. It also pro...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Markov%27s%20inequality
In probability theory, Markov's inequality gives an upper bound for the probability that a non-negative function of a random variable is greater than or equal to some positive constant. It is named after the Russian mathematician Andrey Markov, although it appeared earlier in the work of Pafnuty Chebyshev (Markov's te...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Frank%20Ramsey%20%28mathematician%29
Frank Plumpton Ramsey (; 22 February 1903 – 19 January 1930) was a British philosopher, mathematician, and economist who made major contributions to all three fields before his death at the age of 26. He was a close friend of Ludwig Wittgenstein and, as an undergraduate, translated Wittgenstein's Tractatus Logico-Philo...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gel%20electrophoresis%20of%20nucleic%20acids
Nucleic acid electrophoresis is an analytical technique used to separate DNA or RNA fragments by size and reactivity. Nucleic acid molecules which are to be analyzed are set upon a viscous medium, the gel, where an electric field induces the nucleic acids (which are negatively charged due to their sugar-phosphate backb...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Business%20Operating%20System%20%28software%29
The Business Operating System, or BOS, was initially developed as an early cross-platform operating system, originally for Intel 8080 and Motorola 6800 microprocessors and then for actual businesses and business models. The technology was used in Zilog Z80-based computers and later for most microcomputers of the 1980s....
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Power-line%20communication
Power-line communication (also known as power-line carrier), abbreviated as PLC, carries data on a conductor that is also used simultaneously for AC electric power transmission or electric power distribution to consumers. In the past, powerlines were solely used for transmitting electricity. But with the advent of ad...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nitrogen%20dioxide
Nitrogen dioxide is a chemical compound with the formula and is one of several nitrogen oxides. is an intermediate in the industrial synthesis of nitric acid, millions of tons of which are produced each year for use (primarily in the production of fertilizers). At higher temperatures, nitrogen dioxide is a reddish-br...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/A/UX
A/UX is a Unix-based operating system from Apple Computer for Macintosh computers, integrated with System 7's graphical interface and application compatibility. It is Apple's first official Unix-based operating system, launched in 1988 and discontinued in 1995 with version 3.1.1. A/UX requires select 68k-based Macintos...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Direct%20proof
In mathematics and logic, a direct proof is a way of showing the truth or falsehood of a given statement by a straightforward combination of established facts, usually axioms, existing lemmas and theorems, without making any further assumptions. In order to directly prove a conditional statement of the form "If p, then...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Binary%20number
A binary number is a number expressed in the base-2 numeral system or binary numeral system, a method of mathematical expression which uses only two symbols: typically "0" (zero) and "1" (one). The base-2 numeral system is a positional notation with a radix of 2. Each digit is referred to as a bit, or binary digit. Be...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Eosinophil
Eosinophils, sometimes called eosinophiles or, less commonly, acidophils, are a variety of white blood cells and one of the immune system components responsible for combating multicellular parasites and certain infections in vertebrates. Along with mast cells and basophils, they also control mechanisms associated with ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bootstrap%20Protocol
The Bootstrap Protocol (BOOTP) is a computer networking protocol used in Internet Protocol networks to automatically assign an IP address to network devices from a configuration server. The BOOTP was originally defined in published in 1985. While some parts of BOOTP have been effectively superseded by the Dynamic Ho...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Methylene%20blue
Methylthioninium chloride, commonly called methylene blue, is a salt used as a dye and as a medication. As a medication, it is mainly used to treat methemoglobinemia by chemically reducing the ferric iron in hemoglobin to ferrous iron. Specifically, it is used to treat methemoglobin levels that are greater than 30% or ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Permutation%20matrix
In mathematics, particularly in matrix theory, a permutation matrix is a square binary matrix that has exactly one entry of 1 in each row and each column and 0s elsewhere. Each such matrix, say , represents a permutation of elements and, when used to multiply another matrix, say , results in permuting the rows (when...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Echo
In audio signal processing and acoustics, an echo is a reflection of sound that arrives at the listener with a delay after the direct sound. The delay is directly proportional to the distance of the reflecting surface from the source and the listener. Typical examples are the echo produced by the bottom of a well, by a...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Crimson
Crimson is a rich, deep red color, inclining to purple. It originally meant the color of the kermes dye produced from a scale insect, Kermes vermilio, but the name is now sometimes also used as a generic term for slightly bluish-red colors that are between red and rose. It is the national color of Nepal. History Crim...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Programming%20Research%20Group
The Programming Research Group (PRG) was part of the Oxford University Computing Laboratory (OUCL) in Oxford, England, along with the Numerical Analysis Group, until OUCL became the Department of Computer Science in 2011. The PRG was founded by Christopher Strachey (1916–1975) in 1965. It was originally located at 45...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Construction
Construction is a general term meaning the art and science to form objects, systems, or organizations, and comes from Latin constructio (from com- "together" and struere "to pile up") and Old French construction. To construct is the verb: the act of building, and the noun is construction: how something is built, the na...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Project%20manager
A project manager is a professional in the field of project management. Project managers have the responsibility of the planning, procurement and execution of a project, in any undertaking that has a defined scope, defined start and a defined finish; regardless of industry. Project managers are first point of contact f...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Construction%20delay
Construction delays are situations where project events occur at a later time than expected due to causes related to the client, consultant, and contractor etc. In residential and light construction, construction delays are often the result of miscommunication between contractors, subcontractors, and property owners. T...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mathematical%20table
Mathematical tables are lists of numbers showing the results of a calculation with varying arguments. Trigonometric tables were used in ancient Greece and India for applications to astronomy and celestial navigation, and continued to be widely used until electronic calculators became cheap and plentiful, in order to si...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Calculation
A calculation is a deliberate mathematical process that transforms one or more inputs into one or more outputs or results. The term is used in a variety of senses, from the very definite arithmetical calculation of using an algorithm, to the vague heuristics of calculating a strategy in a competition, or calculating th...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/William%20Jones%20%28mathematician%29
William Jones, FRS (16751 July 1749) was a Welsh mathematician, most noted for his use of the symbol (the Greek letter Pi) to represent the ratio of the circumference of a circle to its diameter. He was a close friend of Sir Isaac Newton and Sir Edmund Halley. In November 1711, he became a Fellow of the Royal Society,...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Healing
With physical trauma or disease suffered by an organism, healing involves the repairing of damaged tissue(s), organs and the biological system as a whole and resumption of (normal) functioning. Medicine includes the process by which the cells in the body regenerate and repair to reduce the size of a damaged or necrotic...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bone%20healing
Bone healing, or fracture healing, is a proliferative physiological process in which the body facilitates the repair of a bone fracture. Generally, bone fracture treatment consists of a doctor reducing (pushing) displaced bones back into place via relocation with or without anaesthetic, stabilizing their position to a...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/D.%20R.%20Fulkerson
Delbert Ray Fulkerson (; August 14, 1924 – January 10, 1976) was an American mathematician who co-developed the FordFulkerson algorithm, one of the most well-known algorithms to solve the maximum flow problem in networks. Early life and education D. R. Fulkerson was born in Tamms, Illinois, the third of six children o...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/John%20Wallis
John Wallis (; ; ) was an English clergyman and mathematician, who is given partial credit for the development of infinitesimal calculus. Between 1643 and 1689 he served as chief cryptographer for Parliament and, later, the royal court. He is credited with introducing the symbol ∞ to represent the concept of infinity....
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/David%20Chaum
David Lee Chaum (born 1955) is an American computer scientist, cryptographer, and inventor. He is known as a pioneer in cryptography and privacy-preserving technologies, and widely recognized as the inventor of digital cash. His 1982 dissertation "Computer Systems Established, Maintained, and Trusted by Mutually Suspic...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Extended%20Display%20Identification%20Data
Extended Display Identification Data (EDID) and Enhanced EDID (E-EDID) are metadata formats for display devices to describe their capabilities to a video source (e.g., graphics card or set-top box). The data format is defined by a standard published by the Video Electronics Standards Association (VESA). The EDID data ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Phosphodiesterase
A phosphodiesterase (PDE) is an enzyme that breaks a phosphodiester bond. Usually, phosphodiesterase refers to cyclic nucleotide phosphodiesterases, which have great clinical significance and are described below. However, there are many other families of phosphodiesterases, including phospholipases C and D, autotaxin...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Easter%20egg%20%28media%29
An Easter egg is a message, image, or feature hidden in software, a video game, a film, or another — usually electronic — medium. The term used in this manner was coined around 1979 by Steve Wright, the then-Director of Software Development in the Atari Consumer Division, to describe a hidden message in the Atari video...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Constructive%20analysis
In mathematics, constructive analysis is mathematical analysis done according to some principles of constructive mathematics. Introduction The name of the subject contrasts with classical analysis, which in this context means analysis done according to the more common principles of classical mathematics. However, ther...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/WASTE
WASTE is a peer-to-peer and friend-to-friend protocol and software application developed by Justin Frankel at Nullsoft in 2003 that features instant messaging, chat rooms, and file browsing/sharing capabilities. The name WASTE is a reference to Thomas Pynchon's novel The Crying of Lot 49. In the novel, W.A.S.T.E. is ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/La%20G%C3%A9om%C3%A9trie
La Géométrie was published in 1637 as an appendix to Discours de la méthode (Discourse on the Method), written by René Descartes. In the Discourse, he presents his method for obtaining clarity on any subject. La Géométrie and two other appendices, also by Descartes, La Dioptrique (Optics) and Les Météores (Meteorology)...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rapid%20application%20development
Rapid application development (RAD), also called rapid application building (RAB), is both a general term for adaptive software development approaches, and the name for James Martin's method of rapid development. In general, RAD approaches to software development put less emphasis on planning and more emphasis on an ad...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Coherence%20%28physics%29
In physics, coherence expresses the potential for two waves to interfere. Two monochromatic beams from a single source always interfere. Physical sources are not strictly monochromatic: they may be partly coherent. Beams from different sources are mutually incoherent. When interfering, two waves add together to create...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Room%20temperature
Colloquially, room temperature is a range of air temperatures that most people prefer for indoor settings. These temperatures feel comfortable to people wearing typical indoor clothing. Human comfort can extend beyond this range depending on humidity, air circulation and other factors. In certain fields, like science ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Carbon%20copy
Before the development of photographic copiers, a carbon copy was the under-copy of a typed or written document placed over carbon paper and the under-copy sheet itself (not to be confused with the carbon print family of photographic reproduction processes). When copies of business letters were so produced, it was cust...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Planktology
Planktology is the study of plankton, various small drifting plants, animals and microorganisms that inhabit bodies of water. Planktology topics include primary production, energy flow and the carbon cycle. Plankton drive the "biological pump", a process by which the ocean ecosystem transports carbon from the surface ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Standard%20state
In chemistry, the standard state of a material (pure substance, mixture or solution) is a reference point used to calculate its properties under different conditions. A superscript circle ° (degree symbol) or a Plimsoll (⦵) character is used to designate a thermodynamic quantity in the standard state, such as change in...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Biological%20interaction
In ecology, a biological interaction is the effect that a pair of organisms living together in a community have on each other. They can be either of the same species (intraspecific interactions), or of different species (interspecific interactions). These effects may be short-term, or long-term, both often strongly inf...