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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Advanced%20SCSI%20Programming%20Interface | In computing, ASPI (Advanced SCSI Programming Interface) is an Adaptec-developed programming interface which standardizes communication on a computer bus between a SCSI driver module on the one hand and SCSI (and ATAPI) peripherals on the other.
ASPI structure
The ASPI manager software provides an interface between A... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/NSAKEY | _NSAKEY was a variable name discovered in Windows NT 4 SP5 in 1999 by Andrew D. Fernandes of Cryptonym Corporation. The variable contained a 1024-bit public key; such keys are used in public-key cryptography for encryption and authentication. Because of the name, however, it was speculated that the key would allow the ... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ronald%20Graham | Ronald Lewis Graham (October 31, 1935July 6, 2020) was an American mathematician credited by the American Mathematical Society as "one of the principal architects of the rapid development worldwide of discrete mathematics in recent years". He was president of both the American Mathematical Society and the Mathematical... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/MEDLINE | MEDLINE (Medical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System Online, or MEDLARS Online) is a bibliographic database of life sciences and biomedical information. It includes bibliographic information for articles from academic journals covering medicine, nursing, pharmacy, dentistry, veterinary medicine, and health care. M... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Indicator%20function | In mathematics, an indicator function or a characteristic function of a subset of a set is a function that maps elements of the subset to one, and all other elements to zero. That is, if is a subset of some set , then if and otherwise, where is a common notation for the indicator function. Other common notations a... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hermann%20Joseph%20Muller | Hermann Joseph Muller (December 21, 1890 – April 5, 1967) was an American geneticist, educator, and Nobel laureate best known for his work on the physiological and genetic effects of radiation (mutagenesis), as well as his outspoken political beliefs. Muller frequently warned of long-term dangers of radioactive fallout... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gaussian%20year | A Gaussian year is defined as 365.2568983 days. It was adopted by Carl Friedrich Gauss as the length of the sidereal year in his studies of the dynamics of the solar system.
A slightly different value is now accepted as the length of the sidereal year,
and the value accepted by Gauss is given a special name.
A particl... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/S-box | In cryptography, an S-box (substitution-box) is a basic component of symmetric key algorithms which performs substitution. In block ciphers, they are typically used to obscure the relationship between the key and the ciphertext, thus ensuring Shannon's property of confusion. Mathematically, an S-box is a nonlinear vect... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Internet%20Speculative%20Fiction%20Database | The Internet Speculative Fiction Database (ISFDB) is a database of bibliographic information on genres considered speculative fiction, including science fiction and related genres such as fantasy, alternate history, and horror fiction. The ISFDB is a volunteer effort, with the database being open for moderated editing ... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/DNA%E2%80%93DNA%20hybridization | In genomics, DNA–DNA hybridization is a molecular biology technique that measures the degree of genetic similarity between pools of DNA sequences. It is usually used to determine the genetic distance between two organisms and has been used extensively in phylogeny and taxonomy.
Method
The DNA of one organism is labe... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Poisson%27s%20ratio | In materials science and solid mechanics, Poisson's ratio (nu) is a measure of the Poisson effect, the deformation (expansion or contraction) of a material in directions perpendicular to the specific direction of loading. The value of Poisson's ratio is the negative of the ratio of transverse strain to axial strain. F... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rader%27s%20FFT%20algorithm | Rader's algorithm (1968), named for Charles M. Rader of MIT Lincoln Laboratory, is a fast Fourier transform (FFT) algorithm that computes the discrete Fourier transform (DFT) of prime sizes by re-expressing the DFT as a cyclic convolution (the other algorithm for FFTs of prime sizes, Bluestein's algorithm, also works b... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chirp%20Z-transform | The chirp Z-transform (CZT) is a generalization of the discrete Fourier transform (DFT). While the DFT samples the Z plane at uniformly-spaced points along the unit circle, the chirp Z-transform samples along spiral arcs in the Z-plane, corresponding to straight lines in the S plane. The DFT, real DFT, and zoom DFT c... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Prime-factor%20FFT%20algorithm | The prime-factor algorithm (PFA), also called the Good–Thomas algorithm (1958/1963), is a fast Fourier transform (FFT) algorithm that re-expresses the discrete Fourier transform (DFT) of a size N = N1N2 as a two-dimensional N1×N2 DFT, but only for the case where N1 and N2 are relatively prime. These smaller transforms ... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cochlear%20implant | A cochlear implant (CI) is a surgically implanted neuroprosthesis that provides a person who has moderate-to-profound sensorineural hearing loss with sound perception. With the help of therapy, cochlear implants may allow for improved speech understanding in both quiet and noisy environments. A CI bypasses acoustic hea... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/LaTeX%20Project%20Public%20License | The LaTeX Project Public License (LPPL) is a software license originally written for the LaTeX system. Software distributed under the terms of the LPPL can be regarded as free software; however, it is not copylefted.
Besides the LaTeX base system, the LPPL is also used for most third-party LaTeX packages. Software p... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List%20of%20mathematical%20shapes | Following is a list of some mathematically well-defined shapes.
Algebraic curves
Cubic plane curve
Quartic plane curve
Rational curves
Degree 2
Conic sections
Unit circle
Unit hyperbola
Degree 3
Folium of Descartes
Cissoid of Diocles
Conchoid of de Sluze
Right strophoid
Semicubical parabola
Serpentine curve
Triden... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Difference%20quotient | In single-variable calculus, the difference quotient is usually the name for the expression
which when taken to the limit as h approaches 0 gives the derivative of the function f. The name of the expression stems from the fact that it is the quotient of the difference of values of the function by the difference of the... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Traceability%20matrix | In software development, a traceability matrix (TM) is a document, usually in the form of a table, used to assist in determining the completeness of a relationship by correlating any two baselined documents using a many-to-many relationship comparison. It is often used with high-level requirements (these often consist ... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Baroreceptor | Baroreceptors (or archaically, pressoreceptors) are sensors located in the carotid sinus (at the bifurcation of common carotid artery into external and internal carotids) and in the aortic arch. They sense the blood pressure and relay the information to the brain, so that a proper blood pressure can be maintained.
Bar... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Projective%20space | In mathematics, the concept of a projective space originated from the visual effect of perspective, where parallel lines seem to meet at infinity. A projective space may thus be viewed as the extension of a Euclidean space, or, more generally, an affine space with points at infinity, in such a way that there is one poi... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/MLDonkey | MLDonkey is an open-source, multi-protocol, peer-to-peer file sharing application that runs as a back-end server application on many platforms. It can be controlled through a user interface provided by one of many separate front-ends, including a Web interface, telnet interface and over a dozen native client programs.
... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hampshire%20College%20Summer%20Studies%20in%20Mathematics | The Hampshire College Summer Studies in Mathematics (HCSSiM) is an American residential program for mathematically talented high school students. The program has been conducted each summer since 1971, with the exceptions of 1981 and 1996, and has more than 1500 alumni. Due to the Coronavirus pandemic, the 2020 Summer ... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Transducer | A transducer is a device that converts energy from one form to another. Usually a transducer converts a signal in one form of energy to a signal in another.
Transducers are often employed at the boundaries of automation, measurement, and control systems, where electrical signals are converted to and from other physical... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Traffic%20shaping | Traffic shaping is a bandwidth management technique used on computer networks which delays some or all datagrams to bring them into compliance with a desired traffic profile. Traffic shaping is used to optimize or guarantee performance, improve latency, or increase usable bandwidth for some kinds of packets by delaying... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hall%20effect%20sensor | A Hall effect sensor (or simply Hall sensor) is a type of sensor which detects the presence and magnitude of a magnetic field using the Hall effect. The output voltage of a Hall sensor is directly proportional to the strength of the field. It is named for the American physicist Edwin Hall.
Hall sensors are used for pr... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List%20of%20mathematics%20reference%20tables | See also: List of reference tables
Mathematics
List of mathematical topics
List of statistical topics
List of mathematical functions
List of mathematical theorems
List of mathematical proofs
List of matrices
List of numbers
List of relativistic equations
List of small groups
Mathematical constants
Sporadic group
Tabl... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Transposition%20table | A transposition table is a cache of previously seen positions, and associated evaluations, in a game tree generated by a computer game playing program. If a position recurs via a different sequence of moves, the value of the position is retrieved from the table, avoiding re-searching the game tree below that position.... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nurse%20crop | Nurse crops are a subtype of nurse plants, facilitating the growth of other species of plants. The term is used primarily in agriculture, but also in forestry. Cover crops are a type of nurse crop.
Agriculture
In agriculture, a nurse crop is an annual crop used to assist in establishment of a perennial crop. The wid... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Homogeneous%20coordinates | In mathematics, homogeneous coordinates or projective coordinates, introduced by August Ferdinand Möbius in his 1827 work , are a system of coordinates used in projective geometry, just as Cartesian coordinates are used in Euclidean geometry. They have the advantage that the coordinates of points, including points at i... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Green%27s%20theorem | In vector calculus, Green's theorem relates a line integral around a simple closed curve to a double integral over the plane region bounded by . It is the two-dimensional special case of Stokes' theorem.
Theorem
Let be a positively oriented, piecewise smooth, simple closed curve in a plane, and let be the region b... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/George%20Green%20%28mathematician%29 | George Green (14 July 1793 – 31 May 1841) was a British mathematical physicist who wrote An Essay on the Application of Mathematical Analysis to the Theories of Electricity and Magnetism in 1828. The essay introduced several important concepts, among them a theorem similar to the modern Green's theorem, the idea of pot... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Erlangen%20program | In mathematics, the Erlangen program is a method of characterizing geometries based on group theory and projective geometry. It was published by Felix Klein in 1872 as Vergleichende Betrachtungen über neuere geometrische Forschungen. It is named after the University Erlangen-Nürnberg, where Klein worked.
By 1872, non-... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/EcoSCOPE | The ecoSCOPE is an optical sensor system, deployed from a small remotely operated vehicle (ROV) or fibre optic cable, to investigate behavior and microdistribution of small organisms in the ocean.
Deployment
Although an ROV may be very small and quiet, it is impossible to approach feeding herring closer than 40 cm. Th... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cubic%20function | In mathematics, a cubic function is a function of the form that is, a polynomial function of degree three. In many texts, the coefficients , , , and are supposed to be real numbers, and the function is considered as a real function that maps real numbers to real numbers or as a complex function that maps complex numb... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/System%20context%20diagram | A system context diagram in engineering is a diagram that defines the boundary between the system, or part of a system, and its environment, showing the entities that interact with it. This diagram is a high level view of a system. It is similar to a block diagram.
Overview
System context diagrams show a system, as ... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Coroutine | Coroutines are computer program components that allow execution to be suspended and resumed, generalizing subroutines for cooperative multitasking. Coroutines are well-suited for implementing familiar program components such as cooperative tasks, exceptions, event loops, iterators, infinite lists and pipes.
They have ... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Extraterrestrial%20intelligence | Extraterrestrial intelligence (often abbreviated ETI) refers to hypothetical intelligent extraterrestrial life. No such life has ever been proven to exist in the Solar System except for humans on Earth, and its existence on other star systems is still speculative. The question of whether other inhabited worlds might ex... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Projective%20geometry | In mathematics, projective geometry is the study of geometric properties that are invariant with respect to projective transformations. This means that, compared to elementary Euclidean geometry, projective geometry has a different setting, projective space, and a selective set of basic geometric concepts. The basic in... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/D%20%28programming%20language%29 | D, also known as dlang, is a multi-paradigm system programming language created by Walter Bright at Digital Mars and released in 2001. Andrei Alexandrescu joined the design and development effort in 2007. Though it originated as a re-engineering of C++, D is a profoundly different language —features of D can be conside... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Unix%20security | Unix security refers to the means of securing a Unix or Unix-like operating system. A secure environment is achieved not only by the design concepts of these operating systems, but also through vigilant user and administrative practices.
Design concepts
Permissions
A core security feature in these systems is the file... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gtk-gnutella | gtk-gnutella is a peer-to-peer file sharing application which runs on the gnutella network. gtk-gnutella uses the GTK+ toolkit for its graphical user interface. Released under the GNU General Public License, gtk-gnutella is free software.
History
Initially gtk-gnutella was written to look like the original Nullsoft G... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Window%20function | In signal processing and statistics, a window function (also known as an apodization function or tapering function) is a mathematical function that is zero-valued outside of some chosen interval, normally symmetric around the middle of the interval, usually approaching a maximum in the middle, and usually tapering away... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Euclid%27s%20Elements | The Elements ( ) is a mathematical treatise consisting of 13 books attributed to the ancient Greek mathematician Euclid 300 BC. It is a collection of definitions, postulates, propositions (theorems and constructions), and mathematical proofs of the propositions. The books cover plane and solid Euclidean geometry, elem... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Contention%20free%20pollable | Contention-free pollable (CF-Pollable) is a state of operation for wireless networking nodes. The condition is saying that the node is able to use the Point Coordination Function, as opposed to the Distributed Coordination Function, within a wireless LAN.
A device that is able to use point coordination function is one... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Matroid | In combinatorics, a branch of mathematics, a matroid is a structure that abstracts and generalizes the notion of linear independence in vector spaces. There are many equivalent ways to define a matroid axiomatically, the most significant being in terms of: independent sets; bases or circuits; rank functions; closure o... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/X86-64 | x86-64 (also known as x64, x86_64, AMD64, and Intel 64) is a 64-bit version of the x86 instruction set, first announced in 1999. It introduced two new modes of operation, 64-bit mode and compatibility mode, along with a new 4-level paging mode.
With 64-bit mode and the new paging mode, it supports vastly larger amount... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Adjacency%20matrix | In graph theory and computer science, an adjacency matrix is a square matrix used to represent a finite graph. The elements of the matrix indicate whether pairs of vertices are adjacent or not in the graph.
In the special case of a finite simple graph, the adjacency matrix is a (0,1)-matrix with zeros on its diagonal.... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hodge%20conjecture | In mathematics, the Hodge conjecture is a major unsolved problem in algebraic geometry and complex geometry that relates the algebraic topology of a non-singular complex algebraic variety to its subvarieties.
In simple terms, the Hodge conjecture asserts that the basic topological information like the number of holes ... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Water%20integrator | The Water Integrator ( Gidravlicheskiy integrator) was an early analog computer built in the Soviet Union in 1936 by Vladimir Sergeevich Lukyanov. It functioned by careful manipulation of water through a room full of interconnected pipes and pumps. The water level in various chambers (with precision to fractions of a m... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Injective%20cogenerator | In category theory, a branch of mathematics, the concept of an injective cogenerator is drawn from examples such as Pontryagin duality. Generators are objects which cover other objects as an approximation, and (dually) cogenerators are objects which envelope other objects as an approximation.
More precisely:
A gener... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lock%20%28computer%20science%29 | In computer science, a lock or mutex (from mutual exclusion) is a synchronization primitive: a mechanism that enforces limits on access to a resource when there are many threads of execution. A lock is designed to enforce a mutual exclusion concurrency control policy, and with a variety of possible methods there exists... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Spinlock | In software engineering, a spinlock is a lock that causes a thread trying to acquire it to simply wait in a loop ("spin") while repeatedly checking whether the lock is available. Since the thread remains active but is not performing a useful task, the use of such a lock is a kind of busy waiting. Once acquired, spinloc... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Weil%20conjectures | In mathematics, the Weil conjectures were highly influential proposals by . They led to a successful multi-decade program to prove them, in which many leading researchers developed the framework of modern algebraic geometry and number theory.
The conjectures concern the generating functions (known as local zeta functi... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/GEnie | GEnie (General Electric Network for Information Exchange) was an online service created by a General Electric business, GEIS (now GXS), that ran from 1985 through the end of 1999. In 1994, GEnie claimed around 350,000 users. Peak simultaneous usage was around 10,000 users. It was one of the pioneering services in the f... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sphenic%20number | In number theory, a sphenic number (from , 'wedge') is a positive integer that is the product of three distinct prime numbers. Because there are infinitely many prime numbers, there are also infinitely many sphenic numbers.
Definition
A sphenic number is a product pqr where p, q, and r are three distinct prime numbers... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Plus%20and%20minus%20signs | The plus sign and the minus sign are mathematical symbols used to represent the notions of positive and negative, respectively. In addition, represents the operation of addition, which results in a sum, while represents subtraction, resulting in a difference. Their use has been extended to many other meanings, more... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Barcan%20formula | In quantified modal logic, the Barcan formula and the converse Barcan formula (more accurately, schemata rather than formulas) (i) syntactically state principles of interchange between quantifiers and modalities; (ii) semantically state a relation between domains of possible worlds. The formulas were introduced as axi... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List%20of%20feeding%20behaviours | Feeding is the process by which organisms, typically animals, obtain food. Terminology often uses either the suffixes -vore, -vory, or -vorous from Latin vorare, meaning "to devour", or -phage, -phagy, or -phagous from Greek φαγεῖν (), meaning "to eat".
Evolutionary history
The evolution of feeding is varied with some... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sheaf%20%28mathematics%29 | In mathematics, a sheaf (: sheaves) is a tool for systematically tracking data (such as sets, abelian groups, rings) attached to the open sets of a topological space and defined locally with regard to them. For example, for each open set, the data could be the ring of continuous functions defined on that open set. Such... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Weight%20function | A weight function is a mathematical device used when performing a sum, integral, or average to give some elements more "weight" or influence on the result than other elements in the same set. The result of this application of a weight function is a weighted sum or weighted average. Weight functions occur frequently in ... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gaussian%20function | In mathematics, a Gaussian function, often simply referred to as a Gaussian, is a function of the base form
and with parametric extension
for arbitrary real constants , and non-zero . It is named after the mathematician Carl Friedrich Gauss. The graph of a Gaussian is a characteristic symmetric "bell curve" shape. T... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Trigonometric%20integral | In mathematics, trigonometric integrals are a family of integrals involving trigonometric functions.
Sine integral
The different sine integral definitions are
Note that the integrand is the sinc function, and also the zeroth spherical Bessel function.
Since is an even entire function (holomorphic over the entire c... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/ARX%20%28operating%20system%29 | ARX was an unreleased Mach-like operating system written in Modula-2+ developed by Acorn Computers Ltd in the Acorn Research Centre (ARC) United Kingdom (UK) and later by Olivetti - which purchased Acorn - for Acorn's new Archimedes personal computers based on the ARM architecture reduced instruction set computer (RISC... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Durability%20%28database%20systems%29 | In database systems, durability is the ACID property that guarantees that the effects of transactions that have been committed will survive permanently, even in case of failures, including incidents and catastrophic events. For example, if a flight booking reports that a seat has successfully been booked, then the seat... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Instruction-level%20parallelism | Instruction-level parallelism (ILP) is the parallel or simultaneous execution of a sequence of instructions in a computer program. More specifically ILP refers to the average number of instructions run per step of this parallel execution.
Discussion
ILP must not be confused with concurrency. In ILP there is a single... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Elimination%20theory | In commutative algebra and algebraic geometry, elimination theory is the classical name for algorithmic approaches to eliminating some variables between polynomials of several variables, in order to solve systems of polynomial equations.
Classical elimination theory culminated with the work of Francis Macaulay on mult... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Commutative%20algebra | Commutative algebra, first known as ideal theory, is the branch of algebra that studies commutative rings, their ideals, and modules over such rings. Both algebraic geometry and algebraic number theory build on commutative algebra. Prominent examples of commutative rings include polynomial rings; rings of algebraic int... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/UN/LOCODE | UN/LOCODE, the United Nations Code for Trade and Transport Locations, is a geographic coding scheme developed and maintained by United Nations Economic Commission for Europe (UNECE). UN/LOCODE assigns codes to locations used in trade and transport with functions such as seaports, rail and road terminals, airports, Post... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/NonStop%20SQL | NonStop SQL is a commercial relational database management system that is designed for fault tolerance and scalability, currently offered by Hewlett Packard Enterprise. The latest version is SQL/MX 3.4.
The product was originally developed by Tandem Computers. Tandem was acquired by Compaq in 1997. Compaq was later a... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Summation | In mathematics, summation is the addition of a sequence of any kind of numbers, called addends or summands; the result is their sum or total. Beside numbers, other types of values can be summed as well: functions, vectors, matrices, polynomials and, in general, elements of any type of mathematical objects on which an o... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Psittacosis | Psittacosis—also known as parrot fever, and ornithosis—is a zoonotic infectious disease in humans caused by a bacterium called Chlamydia psittaci and contracted from infected parrots, such as macaws, cockatiels, and budgerigars, and from pigeons, sparrows, ducks, hens, gulls and many other species of birds. The inciden... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Walter%20H.%20Schottky | Walter Hans Schottky (23 July 1886 – 4 March 1976) was a German physicist who played a major early role in developing the theory of electron and ion emission phenomena, invented the screen-grid vacuum tube in 1915 while working at Siemens, co-invented the ribbon microphone and ribbon loudspeaker along with Dr. Erwin Ge... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Generalized%20permutation%20matrix | In mathematics, a generalized permutation matrix (or monomial matrix) is a matrix with the same nonzero pattern as a permutation matrix, i.e. there is exactly one nonzero entry in each row and each column. Unlike a permutation matrix, where the nonzero entry must be 1, in a generalized permutation matrix the nonzero en... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Diagonalizable%20matrix | In linear algebra, a square matrix is called diagonalizable or non-defective if it is similar to a diagonal matrix, i.e., if there exists an invertible matrix and a diagonal matrix such that or equivalently (Such are not unique.) For a finite-dimensional vector space a linear map is called diagonalizable if th... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Clipper%20%28programming%20language%29 | Clipper is an xBase compiler that implements a variant of the xBase computer programming language. It is used to create
or extend software programs that originally operated primarily under MS-DOS. Although it is a powerful general-purpose programming
language, it was primarily used to create database/business programs... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Axiom%20of%20infinity | In axiomatic set theory and the branches of mathematics and philosophy that use it, the axiom of infinity is one of the axioms of Zermelo–Fraenkel set theory. It guarantees the existence of at least one infinite set, namely a set containing the natural numbers. It was first published by Ernst Zermelo as part of his se... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Crab-eating%20macaque | The crab-eating macaque (Macaca fascicularis), also known as the long-tailed macaque and referred to as the cynomolgus monkey in laboratories, is a cercopithecine primate native to Southeast Asia. A species of macaque, the crab-eating macaque has a long history alongside humans. The species has been alternately seen as... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Yellow%20Dog%20Linux | Yellow Dog Linux (YDL) is a discontinued free and open-source operating system for high-performance computing on multi-core processor computer architectures, focusing on GPU systems and computers using the POWER7 processor. The original developer was Terra Soft Solutions, which was acquired by Fixstars in October 2008.... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Operator%20norm | In mathematics, the operator norm measures the "size" of certain linear operators by assigning each a real number called its . Formally, it is a norm defined on the space of bounded linear operators between two given normed vector spaces. Informally, the operator norm of a linear map is the maximum factor by which it... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Audio%20power | Audio power is the electrical power transferred from an audio amplifier to a loudspeaker, measured in watts. The electrical power delivered to the loudspeaker, together with its efficiency, determines the sound power generated (with the rest of the electrical power being converted to heat).
Amplifiers are limited in ... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Partial%20fraction%20decomposition | In algebra, the partial fraction decomposition or partial fraction expansion of a rational fraction (that is, a fraction such that the numerator and the denominator are both polynomials) is an operation that consists of expressing the fraction as a sum of a polynomial (possibly zero) and one or several fractions with a... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Communicating%20sequential%20processes | In computer science, communicating sequential processes (CSP) is a formal language for describing patterns of interaction in concurrent systems. It is a member of the family of mathematical theories of concurrency known as process algebras, or process calculi, based on message passing via channels. CSP was highly influ... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Null%20cipher | A null cipher, also known as concealment cipher, is an ancient form of encryption where the plaintext is mixed with a large amount of non-cipher material. Today it is regarded as a simple form of steganography, which can be used to hide ciphertext.
This is one of three categories of cipher used in classical cryptograp... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Uniform%20boundedness%20principle | In mathematics, the uniform boundedness principle or Banach–Steinhaus theorem is one of the fundamental results in functional analysis.
Together with the Hahn–Banach theorem and the open mapping theorem, it is considered one of the cornerstones of the field.
In its basic form, it asserts that for a family of continuo... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Graph%20isomorphism | In graph theory, an isomorphism of graphs G and H is a bijection between the vertex sets of G and H
such that any two vertices u and v of G are adjacent in G if and only if and are adjacent in H. This kind of bijection is commonly described as "edge-preserving bijection", in accordance with the general notion of iso... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gene%20Amdahl | Gene Myron Amdahl (November 16, 1922 – November 10, 2015) was an American computer architect and high-tech entrepreneur, chiefly known for his work on mainframe computers at IBM and later his own companies, especially Amdahl Corporation. He formulated Amdahl's law, which states a fundamental limitation of parallel comp... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Timeline%20of%20operating%20systems | This article presents a timeline of events in the history of computer operating systems from 1951 to the current day. For a narrative explaining the overall developments, see the History of operating systems.
1950s
1951
LEO I 'Lyons Electronic Office' was the commercial development of EDSAC computing platform, suppo... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Adele%20ring | In mathematics, the adele ring of a global field (also adelic ring, ring of adeles or ring of adèles) is a central object of class field theory, a branch of algebraic number theory. It is the restricted product of all the completions of the global field and is an example of a self-dual topological ring.
An adele deriv... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/IBM%20i | IBM i (the i standing for integrated) is an operating system developed by IBM for IBM Power Systems. It was originally released in 1988 as OS/400, as the sole operating system of the IBM AS/400 line of systems. It was renamed to i5/OS in 2004, before being renamed a second time to IBM i in 2008. It is an evolution of t... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Zero%20sharp | In the mathematical discipline of set theory, 0# (zero sharp, also 0#) is the set of true formulae about indiscernibles and order-indiscernibles in the Gödel constructible universe. It is often encoded as a subset of the integers (using Gödel numbering), or as a subset of the hereditarily finite sets, or as a real numb... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Apple%20IIGS | The Apple IIGS (styled as II), the fifth and most powerful of the Apple II family, is a 16-bit personal computer produced by Apple Computer. While featuring the Macintosh look and feel, and resolution and color similar to the Amiga and Atari ST, it remains compatible with earlier Apple II models. The "GS" in the name ... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Measurable%20cardinal | In mathematics, a measurable cardinal is a certain kind of large cardinal number. In order to define the concept, one introduces a two-valued measure on a cardinal , or more generally on any set. For a cardinal , it can be described as a subdivision of all of its subsets into large and small sets such that itself is l... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Woodin%20cardinal | In set theory, a Woodin cardinal (named for W. Hugh Woodin) is a cardinal number such that for all functions
there exists a cardinal with
and an elementary embedding
from the Von Neumann universe into a transitive inner model with critical point and
An equivalent definition is this: is Woodin if and only i... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Superstrong%20cardinal | In mathematics, a cardinal number κ is called superstrong if and only if there exists an elementary embedding j : V → M from V into a transitive inner model M with critical point κ and ⊆ M.
Similarly, a cardinal κ is n-superstrong if and only if there exists an elementary embedding j : V → M from V into a transitive ... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Arachnology | Arachnology is the scientific study of arachnids, which comprise spiders and related invertebrates such as scorpions, pseudoscorpions, and harvestmen. Those who study spiders and other arachnids are arachnologists. More narrowly, the study of spiders alone (order Araneae) is known as araneology.
The word "arachnology"... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Space%20charge | Space charge is an interpretation of a collection of electric charges in which excess electric charge is treated as a continuum of charge distributed over a region of space (either a volume or an area) rather than distinct point-like charges. This model typically applies when charge carriers have been emitted from some... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gaia%20hypothesis | The Gaia hypothesis (), also known as the Gaia theory, Gaia paradigm, or the Gaia principle, proposes that living organisms interact with their inorganic surroundings on Earth to form a synergistic and self-regulating, complex system that helps to maintain and perpetuate the conditions for life on the planet.
The Gaia... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Refractory%20period%20%28physiology%29 | Refractoriness is the fundamental property of any object of autowave nature (especially excitable medium) not responding to stimuli, if the object stays in the specific refractory state. In common sense, refractory period is the characteristic recovery time, a period that is associated with the motion of the image poin... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Local%20homeomorphism | In mathematics, more specifically topology, a local homeomorphism is a function between topological spaces that, intuitively, preserves local (though not necessarily global) structure.
If is a local homeomorphism, is said to be an étale space over Local homeomorphisms are used in the study of sheaves. Typical exam... |
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