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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Decile
In descriptive statistics, a decile is any of the nine values that divide the sorted data into ten equal parts, so that each part represents 1/10 of the sample or population. A decile is one possible form of a quantile; others include the quartile and percentile. A decile rank arranges the data in order from lowest to ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cofinal
Cofinal may refer to: Cofinal (mathematics), the property of a subset B of a preordered set A such that for every element of A there is a "larger element" in B Cofinality (mathematics), the least cardinality of a cofinal subset in this sense Cofinal (music), a part of some Gregorian chants
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sir%20John%20Sinclair%2C%201st%20Baronet
Colonel Sir John Sinclair, 1st Baronet, (10 May 1754 – 21 December 1835), was a Scottish politician, military officer, planter and writer who was one of the first people to use the word "statistics" in the English language in his pioneering work, Statistical Accounts of Scotland, which was published in 21 volumes. Li...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Statistical%20classification
In statistics, classification is the problem of identifying which of a set of categories (sub-populations) an observation (or observations) belongs to. Examples are assigning a given email to the "spam" or "non-spam" class, and assigning a diagnosis to a given patient based on observed characteristics of the patient (...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/CompStat
CompStat—or COMPSTAT, short for Computer Statistics—is a computerization and quantification program used by police departments. It was originally set up by the New York City Police Department in the 1990s. Variations of the program have since been used in police departments across the world. According to a 2022 podcast...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Generalized%20function
In mathematics, generalized functions are objects extending the notion of functions. There is more than one recognized theory, for example the theory of distributions. Generalized functions are especially useful in making discontinuous functions more like smooth functions, and describing discrete physical phenomena su...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/L%C4%ABl%C4%81vat%C4%AB
Līlāvatī is Indian mathematician Bhāskara II's treatise on mathematics, written in 1150 AD. It is the first volume of his main work, the Siddhānta Shiromani, alongside the Bijaganita, the Grahaganita and the Golādhyāya. Name His book on arithmetic is the source of interesting legends that assert that it was written f...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Minimum-variance%20unbiased%20estimator
In statistics a minimum-variance unbiased estimator (MVUE) or uniformly minimum-variance unbiased estimator (UMVUE) is an unbiased estimator that has lower variance than any other unbiased estimator for all possible values of the parameter. For practical statistics problems, it is important to determine the MVUE if on...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sufficiency
Sufficiency may refer to: Logical sufficiency; see necessary and sufficient conditions sufficiency (statistics), sufficiency in statistical inference The sufficiency of Scripture, a Christian doctrine See also Self-sufficiency Eco-sufficiency Sufficiency of disclosure, a patent law requirement
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Weierstrass%20factorization%20theorem
In mathematics, and particularly in the field of complex analysis, the Weierstrass factorization theorem asserts that every entire function can be represented as a (possibly infinite) product involving its zeroes. The theorem may be viewed as an extension of the fundamental theorem of algebra, which asserts that every...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Young%20symmetrizer
In mathematics, a Young symmetrizer is an element of the group algebra of the symmetric group, constructed in such a way that, for the homomorphism from the group algebra to the endomorphisms of a vector space obtained from the action of on by permutation of indices, the image of the endomorphism determined by that...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dessin%20d%27enfant
In mathematics, a dessin d'enfant is a type of graph embedding used to study Riemann surfaces and to provide combinatorial invariants for the action of the absolute Galois group of the rational numbers. The name of these embeddings is French for a "child's drawing"; its plural is either dessins d'enfant, "child's drawi...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fr%C3%A9chet%20filter
In mathematics, the Fréchet filter, also called the cofinite filter, on a set is a certain collection of subsets of (that is, it is a particular subset of the power set of ). A subset of belongs to the Fréchet filter if and only if the complement of in is finite. Any such set is said to be , which is why it is a...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Zolt%C3%A1n%20Tibor%20Balogh
Zoltán "Zoli" Tibor Balogh (December 7, 1953 – June 19, 2002) was a Hungarian-born mathematician, specializing in set-theoretic topology. His father, Tibor Balogh, was also a mathematician. His best-known work concerned solutions to problems involving normality of products, most notably the first ZFC construction of a...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Reuben%20Goodstein
Reuben Louis Goodstein (15 December 1912 – 8 March 1985) was an English mathematician with a strong interest in the philosophy and teaching of mathematics. Education Goodstein was educated at St Paul's School in London. He received his Master's degree from Magdalene College, Cambridge. After this, he worked at the Uni...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Herman%20te%20Riele
Hermanus Johannes Joseph te Riele (born 5 January 1947) is a Dutch mathematician at CWI in Amsterdam with a specialization in computational number theory. He is known for proving the correctness of the Riemann hypothesis for the first 1.5 billion non-trivial zeros of the Riemann zeta function with Jan van de Lune and D...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Neal%20Koblitz
Neal I. Koblitz (born December 24, 1948) is a Professor of Mathematics at the University of Washington. He is also an adjunct professor with the Centre for Applied Cryptographic Research at the University of Waterloo. He is the creator of hyperelliptic curve cryptography and the independent co-creator of elliptic curv...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Unimodality
In mathematics, unimodality means possessing a unique mode. More generally, unimodality means there is only a single highest value, somehow defined, of some mathematical object. Unimodal probability distribution In statistics, a unimodal probability distribution or unimodal distribution is a probability distribution...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Restriction%20%28mathematics%29
In mathematics, the restriction of a function is a new function, denoted or obtained by choosing a smaller domain for the original function The function is then said to extend Formal definition Let be a function from a set to a set If a set is a subset of then the restriction of to is the function giv...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/White%20Light%20%28novel%29
White Light is a work of science fiction by Rudy Rucker published in 1980 by Virgin Books in the UK and Ace Books in the US. It was written while Rucker was teaching mathematics at the University of Heidelberg from 1978 to 1980, at roughly the same time he was working on the non-fiction book Infinity and the Mind. On ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kleinian%20model
In mathematics, a Kleinian model is a model of a three-dimensional hyperbolic manifold N by the quotient space where is a discrete subgroup of PSL(2,C). Here, the subgroup , a Kleinian group, is defined so that it is isomorphic to the fundamental group of the surface N. Many authors use the terms Kleinian group and...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hyperbolic%20manifold
In mathematics, a hyperbolic manifold is a space where every point looks locally like hyperbolic space of some dimension. They are especially studied in dimensions 2 and 3, where they are called hyperbolic surfaces and hyperbolic 3-manifolds, respectively. In these dimensions, they are important because most manifolds ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Georg%20Heinrich%20Thiessen
Georg Heinrich Thiessen (19 January 1914 – 3 July 1961) was a German astronomer. After graduating, Georg Thiessen studied physics and mathematics and received his doctorate in 1940 under Richard Becker at Göttingen Georg August University. He joined the Fraunhofer Institute of the Institute for High Frequency Research...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cusp%20neighborhood
In mathematics, a cusp neighborhood is defined as a set of points near a cusp singularity. Cusp neighborhood for a Riemann surface The cusp neighborhood for a hyperbolic Riemann surface can be defined in terms of its Fuchsian model. Suppose that the Fuchsian group G contains a parabolic element g. For example, the e...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Closeness%20%28mathematics%29
Closeness is a basic concept in topology and related areas in mathematics. Intuitively, we say two sets are close if they are arbitrarily near to each other. The concept can be defined naturally in a metric space where a notion of distance between elements of the space is defined, but it can be generalized to topologic...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Quasiperiodic%20motion
In mathematics and theoretical physics, quasiperiodic motion is in rough terms the type of motion executed by a dynamical system containing a finite number (two or more) of incommensurable frequencies. That is, if we imagine that the phase space is modelled by a torus T (that is, the variables are periodic like angles...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Allan%20Birnbaum
Allan Birnbaum (May 27, 1923 – July 1, 1976) was an American statistician who contributed to statistical inference, foundations of statistics, statistical genetics, statistical psychology, and history of statistics. Life and career Birnbaum was born in San Francisco. His parents were Russian-born Orthodox Jews. He stu...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Uniformly%20connected%20space
In topology and related areas of mathematics a uniformly connected space or Cantor connected space is a uniform space U such that every uniformly continuous function from U to a discrete uniform space is constant. A uniform space U is called uniformly disconnected if it is not uniformly connected. Properties A comp...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dilation%20%28metric%20space%29
In mathematics, a dilation is a function from a metric space into itself that satisfies the identity for all points , where is the distance from to and is some positive real number. In Euclidean space, such a dilation is a similarity of the space. Dilations change the size but not the shape of an object or figu...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wess%E2%80%93Zumino%E2%80%93Witten%20model
In theoretical physics and mathematics, a Wess–Zumino–Witten (WZW) model, also called a Wess–Zumino–Novikov–Witten model, is a type of two-dimensional conformal field theory named after Julius Wess, Bruno Zumino, Sergei Novikov and Edward Witten. A WZW model is associated to a Lie group (or supergroup), and its symmetr...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/ZP
ZP may refer to: Mathematics and science Zp, the ring of p-adic integers Zona pellucida (or egg coat), a glycoprotein layer around an oocyte Z/pZ, the cyclic group of integers modulo p Organisations Zila Parishad (): District Councils of Bangladesh District Councils of India Zjednoczona Prawica, the Polish Unit...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cahiers%20de%20Topologie%20et%20G%C3%A9om%C3%A9trie%20Diff%C3%A9rentielle%20Cat%C3%A9goriques
The Cahiers de Topologie et Géométrie Différentielle Catégoriques (French: Notebooks of categorical topology and categorical differential geometry) is a French mathematical scientific journal established by Charles Ehresmann in 1957. It concentrates on category theory "and its applications, [e]specially in topology and...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Exotic
Exotic may refer to: Mathematics and physics Exotic R4, a differentiable 4-manifold, homeomorphic but not diffeomorphic to the Euclidean space R4 Exotic sphere, a differentiable n-manifold, homeomorphic but not diffeomorphic to the ordinary n-sphere Exotic atom, an atom with one or more electrons replaced by other neg...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lie%20theory
In mathematics, the mathematician Sophus Lie ( ) initiated lines of study involving integration of differential equations, transformation groups, and contact of spheres that have come to be called Lie theory. For instance, the latter subject is Lie sphere geometry. This article addresses his approach to transformation...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cantor%E2%80%93Dedekind%20axiom
In mathematical logic, the Cantor–Dedekind axiom is the thesis that the real numbers are order-isomorphic to the linear continuum of geometry. In other words, the axiom states that there is a one-to-one correspondence between real numbers and points on a line. This axiom became a theorem proved by Emil Artin in his bo...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mollifier
In mathematics, mollifiers (also known as approximations to the identity) are smooth functions with special properties, used for example in distribution theory to create sequences of smooth functions approximating nonsmooth (generalized) functions, via convolution. Intuitively, given a function which is rather irregula...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/G.%20S.%20Carr
George Shoobridge Carr (1837–1914) was a British mathematician. He wrote Synopsis of Pure Mathematics (1886). This book, first published in England in 1880, was read and studied closely by mathematician Srinivasa Ramanujan when he was a teenager. Ramanujan had already produced many theorems by the age of 15. Carr was...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Proof%20procedure
In logic, and in particular proof theory, a proof procedure for a given logic is a systematic method for producing proofs in some proof calculus of (provable) statements. Types of proof calculi used There are several types of proof calculi. The most popular are natural deduction, sequent calculi (i.e., Gentzen-type sy...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Categorification
In mathematics, categorification is the process of replacing set-theoretic theorems with category-theoretic analogues. Categorification, when done successfully, replaces sets with categories, functions with functors, and equations with natural isomorphisms of functors satisfying additional properties. The term was coi...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pickover%20stalk
Pickover stalks are certain kinds of details to be found empirically in the Mandelbrot set, in the study of fractal geometry. They are so named after the researcher Clifford Pickover, whose "epsilon cross" method was instrumental in their discovery. An "epsilon cross" is a cross-shaped orbit trap. According to Vepstas...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Digit%20sum
In mathematics, the digit sum of a natural number in a given number base is the sum of all its digits. For example, the digit sum of the decimal number would be Definition Let be a natural number. We define the digit sum for base , to be the following: where is one less than the number of digits in the number in ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Score%20test
In statistics, the score test assesses constraints on statistical parameters based on the gradient of the likelihood function—known as the score—evaluated at the hypothesized parameter value under the null hypothesis. Intuitively, if the restricted estimator is near the maximum of the likelihood function, the score sho...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Polydisc
In the theory of functions of several complex variables, a branch of mathematics, a polydisc is a Cartesian product of discs. More specifically, if we denote by the open disc of center z and radius r in the complex plane, then an open polydisc is a set of the form It can be equivalently written as One should not co...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Edward%20F.%20Moore
Edward Forrest Moore (November 23, 1925 in Baltimore, Maryland – June 14, 2003 in Madison, Wisconsin) was an American professor of mathematics and computer science, the inventor of the Moore finite state machine, and an early pioneer of artificial life. Biography Moore received a B.S. in chemistry from the Virginia Po...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wald%20test
In statistics, the Wald test (named after Abraham Wald) assesses constraints on statistical parameters based on the weighted distance between the unrestricted estimate and its hypothesized value under the null hypothesis, where the weight is the precision of the estimate. Intuitively, the larger this weighted distance,...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Inverse-chi-squared%20distribution
In probability and statistics, the inverse-chi-squared distribution (or inverted-chi-square distribution) is a continuous probability distribution of a positive-valued random variable. It is closely related to the chi-squared distribution. It arises in Bayesian inference, where it can be used as the prior and posteri...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Instituto%20Nacional%20de%20Estad%C3%ADstica%20e%20Inform%C3%A1tica
The Instituto Nacional de Estadística e Informática (INEI) ("National Institute of Statistics and Informatics") is a semi-autonomous Peruvian government agency which coordinates, compiles, and evaluates statistical information for the country. Its current director is Renán Quispe Llanos. As stated on its website, the ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Direct%20comparison%20test
In mathematics, the comparison test, sometimes called the direct comparison test to distinguish it from similar related tests (especially the limit comparison test), provides a way of deducing the convergence or divergence of an infinite series or an improper integral. In both cases, the test works by comparing the giv...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Solution%20in%20radicals
A solution in radicals or algebraic solution is a closed-form expression, and more specifically a closed-form algebraic expression, that is the solution of a polynomial equation, and relies only on addition, subtraction, multiplication, division, raising to integer powers, and the extraction of th roots (square roots, ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/David%20Berlinski
David Berlinski (born 1942) is an American author who has written books about mathematics and the history of science as well as fiction. An opponent of evolution, he is a senior fellow of the Discovery Institute's Center for Science and Culture, an organization which promotes the pseudoscience of intelligent design. E...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mittag-Leffler%20function
In mathematics, the Mittag-Leffler function is a special function, a complex function which depends on two complex parameters and . It may be defined by the following series when the real part of is strictly positive: where is the gamma function. When , it is abbreviated as . For , the series above equals the Tay...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Perfect%20Bayesian%20equilibrium
In game theory, a Perfect Bayesian Equilibrium (PBE) is a solution with Bayesian probability to a turn-based game with incomplete information. More specifically, it is an equilibrium concept that uses Bayesian updating to describe player behavior in dynamic games with incomplete information. Perfect Bayesian equilibria...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Weierstrass%20functions
In mathematics, the Weierstrass functions are special functions of a complex variable that are auxiliary to the Weierstrass elliptic function. They are named for Karl Weierstrass. The relation between the sigma, zeta, and functions is analogous to that between the sine, cotangent, and squared cosecant functions: the ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Greater%20Montreal
Greater Montreal () is the most populous metropolitan area in Quebec and the second most populous in Canada after Greater Toronto. In 2015, Statistics Canada identified Montreal's Census Metropolitan Area (CMA) as with a population of 4,027,100, almost half that of the province. A smaller area of is governed by the ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Index%20%28economics%29
In statistics, economics, and finance, an index is a statistical measure of change in a representative group of individual data points. These data may be derived from any number of sources, including company performance, prices, productivity, and employment. Economic indices track economic health from different perspec...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Peter%20Jones%20%28mathematician%29
Peter Wilcox Jones (born 1952) is a mathematician at Yale University, known for his work in harmonic analysis and fractal geometry. He received his Ph.D. at the University of California, Los Angeles in 1978, under the supervision of John B. Garnett. He received the Salem Prize in 1981. He is an elected member of the ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Steric%20factor
The steric factor, usually denoted ρ, is a quantity used in collision theory. Also called the probability factor, the steric factor is defined as the ratio between the experimental value of the rate constant and the one predicted by collision theory. It can also be defined as the ratio between the pre-exponential fa...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Checking%20whether%20a%20coin%20is%20fair
In statistics, the question of checking whether a coin is fair is one whose importance lies, firstly, in providing a simple problem on which to illustrate basic ideas of statistical inference and, secondly, in providing a simple problem that can be used to compare various competing methods of statistical inference, inc...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Infinity%20symbol
The infinity symbol () is a mathematical symbol representing the concept of infinity. This symbol is also called a lemniscate, after the lemniscate curves of a similar shape studied in algebraic geometry, or "lazy eight", in the terminology of livestock branding. This symbol was first used mathematically by John Walli...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fundamental%20pair%20of%20periods
In mathematics, a fundamental pair of periods is an ordered pair of complex numbers that defines a lattice in the complex plane. This type of lattice is the underlying object with which elliptic functions and modular forms are defined. Definition A fundamental pair of periods is a pair of complex numbers such that th...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/European%20Union%20statistics
Statistics in the European Union are collected by Eurostat (European statistics body). Area and population As of 1 January 2006, the population of the EU was about 493 million people, although in 2020 the EU lost over 10% of its population as a result of the UK leaving the bloc. Many countries are expected to experie...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fractional%20Brownian%20motion
In probability theory, fractional Brownian motion (fBm), also called a fractal Brownian motion, is a generalization of Brownian motion. Unlike classical Brownian motion, the increments of fBm need not be independent. fBm is a continuous-time Gaussian process on , that starts at zero, has expectation zero for all in...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vi%C3%A8te%27s%20formula
In mathematics, Viète's formula is the following infinite product of nested radicals representing twice the reciprocal of the mathematical constant : It can also be represented as: The formula is named after François Viète, who published it in 1593. As the first formula of European mathematics to represent an infinit...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Thomas%20Tooke
Thomas Tooke (; 28 February 177426 February 1858) was an English economist known for writing on money and economic statistics. After Tooke's death the Statistical Society endowed the Tooke Chair of economics at King's College London, and a Tooke Prize. In business, he served several terms between 1840 and 1852 as gove...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Oskar%20Anderson
Oskar Johann Viktor Anderson (; ] – 12 February 1960) was a Russian-German mathematician of Baltic German descent. He is best known for his work on mathematical statistics and econometrics. Life Anderson was born from a Baltic German family in Minsk (now in Belarus), but soon moved to Kazan (Russia). His father, Niko...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Linear%20probability%20model
In statistics, a linear probability model (LPM) is a special case of a binary regression model. Here the dependent variable for each observation takes values which are either 0 or 1. The probability of observing a 0 or 1 in any one case is treated as depending on one or more explanatory variables. For the "linear proba...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Probit%20model
In statistics, a probit model is a type of regression where the dependent variable can take only two values, for example married or not married. The word is a portmanteau, coming from probability + unit. The purpose of the model is to estimate the probability that an observation with particular characteristics will fal...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Law%20of%20total%20cumulance
In probability theory and mathematical statistics, the law of total cumulance is a generalization to cumulants of the law of total probability, the law of total expectation, and the law of total variance. It has applications in the analysis of time series. It was introduced by David Brillinger. It is most transparen...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Reinhold%20Baer
Reinhold Baer (22 July 1902 – 22 October 1979) was a German mathematician, known for his work in algebra. He introduced injective modules in 1940. He is the eponym of Baer rings and Baer groups. Biography Baer studied mechanical engineering for a year at Leibniz University Hannover. He then went to study philosophy a...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2001%20Canadian%20census
The 2001 Canadian census was a detailed enumeration of the Canadian population. Census day was May 15, 2001. On that day, Statistics Canada attempted to count every person in Canada. The total population count of Canada was 30,007,094. This was a 4% increase over 1996 census of 28,846,761. In contrast, the officia...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/138%20%28number%29
138 (one hundred [and] thirty-eight) is the natural number following 137 and preceding 139. In mathematics 138 is a sphenic number, and the smallest product of three primes such that in base 10, the third prime is a concatenation of the other two: . It is also a one-step palindrome in decimal (138 + 831 = 969). ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Life%20table
In actuarial science and demography, a life table (also called a mortality table or actuarial table) is a table which shows, for each age, what the probability is that a person of that age will die before their next birthday ("probability of death"). In other words, it represents the survivorship of people from a certa...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Connectivity%20%28graph%20theory%29
In mathematics and computer science, connectivity is one of the basic concepts of graph theory: it asks for the minimum number of elements (nodes or edges) that need to be removed to separate the remaining nodes into two or more isolated subgraphs. It is closely related to the theory of network flow problems. The conne...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/HJ
HJ may refer to: Science, technology, and mathematics Hall–Janko group, a mathematical group U.S. code for a cryptographic key change; see cryptoperiod Other uses , a two-letter combination used in some languages hj-reduction in English, dropping the sound before Hajji (Hj.), an Islamic honorific Handjob h...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Topological%20module
In mathematics, a topological module is a module over a topological ring such that scalar multiplication and addition are continuous. Examples A topological vector space is a topological module over a topological field. An abelian topological group can be considered as a topological module over where is the ring o...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/141%20%28number%29
141 (one hundred [and] forty-one) is the natural number following 140 and preceding 142. In mathematics 141 is: a centered pentagonal number. the sum of the sums of the divisors of the first 13 positive integers. the second n to give a prime Cullen number (of the form n2n + 1). an undulating number in base 10, with th...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Courant%20Institute%20of%20Mathematical%20Sciences
The Courant Institute of Mathematical Sciences (commonly known as Courant or CIMS) is the mathematics research school of New York University (NYU), and is among the most prestigious mathematics schools and mathematical sciences research centers in the world. Founded in 1935, it is named after Richard Courant, one of th...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Giuseppe%20Veronese
Giuseppe Veronese (7 May 1854 – 17 July 1917) was an Italian mathematician. He was born in Chioggia, near Venice. Education Veronese earned his laurea in mathematics from the Istituto Tecnico di Venezia in 1872. Work Although Veronese's work was severely criticised as unsound by Peano, he is now recognised as having ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List%20of%20Welsh%20mathematicians
This is a list of Welsh mathematicians, who have contributed to the development of mathematics. References Chambers, Ll. G. Mathemategwyr Cymru (Mathematicians of Wales), Cyd Bwyllgor Addysg Cymru, 1994. External links Welsh scientists Mathematicians, Scientists and Inventors Welsh
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Quadrature%20%28geometry%29
In mathematics, particularly in geometry, quadrature (also called squaring) is a historical process of drawing a square with the same area as a given plane figure or computing the numerical value of that area. A classical example is the quadrature of the circle (or squaring the circle). Quadrature problems served as on...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Q-analog
In mathematics, a q-analog of a theorem, identity or expression is a generalization involving a new parameter q that returns the original theorem, identity or expression in the limit as . Typically, mathematicians are interested in q-analogs that arise naturally, rather than in arbitrarily contriving q-analogs of know...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Arc%20elasticity
In mathematics and economics, the arc elasticity is the elasticity of one variable with respect to another between two given points. It is the ratio of the percentage change of one of the variables between the two points to the percentage change of the other variable. It contrasts with the point elasticity, which is th...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Algebraic%20graph%20theory
Algebraic graph theory is a branch of mathematics in which algebraic methods are applied to problems about graphs. This is in contrast to geometric, combinatoric, or algorithmic approaches. There are three main branches of algebraic graph theory, involving the use of linear algebra, the use of group theory, and the st...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Probability%20distribution%20function
Probability distribution function may refer to: Probability distribution Cumulative distribution function Probability mass function Probability density function
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Segre%20embedding
In mathematics, the Segre embedding is used in projective geometry to consider the cartesian product (of sets) of two projective spaces as a projective variety. It is named after Corrado Segre. Definition The Segre map may be defined as the map taking a pair of points to their product (the XiYj are taken in lexicog...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Closed%20immersion
In algebraic geometry, a closed immersion of schemes is a morphism of schemes that identifies Z as a closed subset of X such that locally, regular functions on Z can be extended to X. The latter condition can be formalized by saying that is surjective. An example is the inclusion map induced by the canonical map . ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List%20of%20United%20States%20regional%20mathematics%20competitions
Many math competitions in the United States have regional restrictions. Of these, most are statewide. For a more complete list, please visit here . The contests include: Alabama Alabama Statewide High School Mathematics Contest Virgil Grissom High School Math Tournament Vestavia Hills High School Math Tournament...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fuzzy%20measure%20theory
In mathematics, fuzzy measure theory considers generalized measures in which the additive property is replaced by the weaker property of monotonicity. The central concept of fuzzy measure theory is the fuzzy measure (also capacity, see ), which was introduced by Choquet in 1953 and independently defined by Sugeno in 1...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Edward%20O.%20Thorp
Edward Oakley Thorp (born August 14, 1932) is an American mathematics professor, author, hedge fund manager, and blackjack researcher. He pioneered the modern applications of probability theory, including the harnessing of very small correlations for reliable financial gain. Thorp is the author of Beat the Dealer, wh...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Institute%20of%20Mathematics%2C%20Physics%2C%20and%20Mechanics
Institute of Mathematics, Physics, and Mechanics (; IMFM) is the leading research institution in the areas of mathematics and theoretical computer science in Slovenia. It includes researchers from University of Ljubljana, University of Maribor and University of Primorska. It was founded in 1960. The IMFM is composed o...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/STW%20%28disambiguation%29
STW or StW may refer to: Business Scott Tallon Walker Architects Stop the War Coalition, an anti-war group in the United Kingdom Mathematics The Shimura-Taniyama-Weil conjecture, a generalization of Fermat's Last Theorem. Music Salt the Wound, a deathcore band Silence the World, third album by the Swedish band ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/LGBT%20culture%20in%20Singapore
There are no statistics on how many LGBT people there are in Singapore or what percentage of the population they constitute. While homosexuality is legal in the country, the country is largely conservative. Notable persons identifying as LGBT Historical Paddy Chew was the first Singaporean to publicly declare his H...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Columbia-Shuswap%20D
The Columbia-Shuswap Electoral Area D, referred to by Statistics Canada as Columbia-Shuswap D, is a regional district electoral area in the South-west corner of the Columbia-Shuswap Regional District of British Columbia. It contains the communities of Falkland, Ranchero, and Silver Creek. The population of this area, e...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Attenuation%20length
In physics, the attenuation length or absorption length is the distance into a material when the probability has dropped to that a particle has not been absorbed. Alternatively, if there is a beam of particles incident on the material, the attenuation length is the distance where the intensity of the beam has droppe...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Prime%20power
In mathematics, a prime power is a positive integer which is a positive integer power of a single prime number. For example: , and are prime powers, while , and are not. The sequence of prime powers begins: 2, 3, 4, 5, 7, 8, 9, 11, 13, 16, 17, 19, 23, 25, 27, 29, 31, 32, 37, 41, 43, 47, 49, 53, 59, 61, 64, 67, 71,...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List%20of%20mathematical%20identities
This article lists mathematical identities, that is, identically true relations holding in mathematics. Bézout's identity (despite its usual name, it is not, properly speaking, an identity) Binomial inverse theorem Binomial identity Brahmagupta–Fibonacci two-square identity Candido's identity Cassini and Catalan...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Topological%20graph%20theory
In mathematics, topological graph theory is a branch of graph theory. It studies the embedding of graphs in surfaces, spatial embeddings of graphs, and graphs as topological spaces. It also studies immersions of graphs. Embedding a graph in a surface means that we want to draw the graph on a surface, a sphere for exam...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Centro%20de%20Investigaci%C3%B3n%20en%20Matem%C3%A1ticas
The Centro de Investigación en Matemáticas (lit. "Center for Research in Mathematics"), commonly known by its acronym in Spanish as CIMAT, is a North American scientific research institution based in the city of Guanajuato, in the homonym State of Guanajuato, in central Mexico, and was established in the year 1980. It ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Surface%20bundle
In mathematics, a surface bundle is a bundle in which the fiber is a surface. When the base space is a circle the total space is three-dimensional and is often called a surface bundle over the circle. See also Mapping torus Geometric topology
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hurwitz%20matrix
In mathematics, a Hurwitz matrix, or Routh–Hurwitz matrix, in engineering stability matrix, is a structured real square matrix constructed with coefficients of a real polynomial. Hurwitz matrix and the Hurwitz stability criterion Namely, given a real polynomial the square matrix is called Hurwitz matrix correspondi...