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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hits%20allowed
In Baseball statistics, hits allowed (HA) signifies the total number of hits allowed by a pitcher. See also Baseball statistics Pitching statistics
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Homogeneous%20polynomial
In mathematics, a homogeneous polynomial, sometimes called quantic in older texts, is a polynomial whose nonzero terms all have the same degree. For example, is a homogeneous polynomial of degree 5, in two variables; the sum of the exponents in each term is always 5. The polynomial is not homogeneous, because the sum...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Discrete%20uniform%20distribution
In probability theory and statistics, the discrete uniform distribution is a symmetric probability distribution wherein a finite number of values are equally likely to be observed; every one of n values has equal probability 1/n. Another way of saying "discrete uniform distribution" would be "a known, finite number of ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Continuous%20uniform%20distribution
In probability theory and statistics, the continuous uniform distributions or rectangular distributions are a family of symmetric probability distributions. Such a distribution describes an experiment where there is an arbitrary outcome that lies between certain bounds. The bounds are defined by the parameters, and w...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/R%20v%20Adams
R v Adams [1996] EWCA Crim 10 and 222, are rulings in the United Kingdom that banned the expression in court of headline (soundbite), standalone Bayesian statistics from the reasoning admissible before a jury in DNA evidence cases, in favour of the calculated average (and maximal) number of matching incidences among th...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/School%20Mathematics%20Study%20Group
The School Mathematics Study Group (SMSG) was an American academic think tank focused on the subject of reform in mathematics education. Directed by Edward G. Begle and financed by the National Science Foundation, the group was created in the wake of the Sputnik crisis in 1958 and tasked with creating and implementing...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sequence%20space
In functional analysis and related areas of mathematics, a sequence space is a vector space whose elements are infinite sequences of real or complex numbers. Equivalently, it is a function space whose elements are functions from the natural numbers to the field K of real or complex numbers. The set of all such functio...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sturmian%20word
In mathematics, a Sturmian word (Sturmian sequence or billiard sequence), named after Jacques Charles François Sturm, is a certain kind of infinitely long sequence of characters. Such a sequence can be generated by considering a game of English billiards on a square table. The struck ball will successively hit the vert...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/ZbMATH%20Open
zbMATH Open, formerly Zentralblatt MATH, is a major reviewing service providing reviews and abstracts for articles in pure and applied mathematics, produced by the Berlin office of FIZ Karlsruhe – Leibniz Institute for Information Infrastructure GmbH. Editors are the European Mathematical Society, FIZ Karlsruhe, and th...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/777%20%28number%29
777 (seven hundred [and] seventy-seven) is the natural number following 776 and preceding 778. The number 777 is significant in numerous religious and political contexts. In mathematics 777 is an odd, composite, palindromic repdigit. It is also a sphenic number, with 3, 7, and 37 as its prime factors. Its largest prim...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nearest%20neighbor
Nearest neighbor may refer to: Nearest neighbor search in pattern recognition and in computational geometry Nearest-neighbor interpolation for interpolating data Nearest neighbor graph in geometry Nearest neighbor function in probability theory Nearest neighbor decoding in coding theory The k-nearest neighbor alg...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Statistical%20discrimination
Statistical discrimination may refer to: Statistical discrimination (economics) Linear discriminant analysis (statistics)
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Binomial
Binomial may refer to: In mathematics Binomial (polynomial), a polynomial with two terms Binomial coefficient, numbers appearing in the expansions of powers of binomials Binomial QMF, a perfect-reconstruction orthogonal wavelet decomposition Binomial theorem, a theorem about powers of binomials Binomial type, a proper...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cycle%20decomposition
In mathematics, the term cycle decomposition can mean: Cycle decomposition (graph theory), a partitioning of the vertices of a graph into subsets, such that the vertices in each subset lie on a cycle Cycle decomposition (group theory), a useful convention for expressing a permutation in terms of its constituent cycle...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bureau%20of%20Transportation%20Statistics
The Bureau of Transportation Statistics (BTS), part of the United States Department of Transportation, is a government office that compiles, analyzes, and publishes information on the nation's transportation systems across various modes; and strives to improve the DOT's statistical programs through research and the dev...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/National%20Agricultural%20Statistics%20Service
The National Agricultural Statistics Service (NASS) is the statistical branch of the U.S. Department of Agriculture and a principal agency of the U.S. Federal Statistical System. NASS has 12 regional offices throughout the United States and Puerto Rico and a headquarters unit in Washington, D.C. NASS conducts hundreds ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/National%20Center%20for%20Education%20Statistics
The National Center for Education Statistics (NCES) is the part of the United States Department of Education's Institute of Education Sciences (IES) that collects, analyzes, and publishes statistics on education and public school district finance information in the United States. It also conducts international comparis...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rado%27s%20theorem%20%28Ramsey%20theory%29
Rado's theorem is a theorem from the branch of mathematics known as Ramsey theory. It is named for the German mathematician Richard Rado. It was proved in his thesis, Studien zur Kombinatorik. Statement Let be a system of linear equations, where is a matrix with integer entries. This system is said to be -regular...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/David%20Slepian
David S. Slepian (June 30, 1923 – November 29, 2007) was an American mathematician. He is best known for his work with algebraic coding theory, probability theory, and distributed source coding. He was colleagues with Claude Shannon and Richard Hamming at Bell Labs. Life and work Born in Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, he g...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bayesian%20experimental%20design
Bayesian experimental design provides a general probability-theoretical framework from which other theories on experimental design can be derived. It is based on Bayesian inference to interpret the observations/data acquired during the experiment. This allows accounting for both any prior knowledge on the parameters to...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rhombic%20enneacontahedron
In geometry, a rhombic enneacontahedron (plural: rhombic enneacontahedra) is a polyhedron composed of 90 rhombic faces; with three, five, or six rhombi meeting at each vertex. It has 60 broad rhombi and 30 slim. The rhombic enneacontahedron is a zonohedron with a superficial resemblance to the rhombic triacontahedron. ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mapping%20cone%20%28topology%29
In mathematics, especially homotopy theory, the mapping cone is a construction of topology, analogous to a quotient space. It is also called the homotopy cofiber, and also notated . Its dual, a fibration, is called the mapping fibre. The mapping cone can be understood to be a mapping cylinder , with one end of the cyl...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Robert%20van%20de%20Geijn
Robert A. van de Geijn is a Professor of Computer Sciences at the University of Texas at Austin. He received his B.S. in Mathematics and Computer Science (1981) from the University of Wisconsin–Madison and his Ph.D. in Applied Mathematics (1987) from the University of Maryland, College Park. His areas of interest inc...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Metric%20dimension
In mathematics, metric dimension may refer to: Metric dimension (graph theory), the minimum number of vertices of an undirected graph G in a subset S of G such that all other vertices are uniquely determined by their distances to the vertices in S Minkowski–Bouligand dimension (also called the metric dimension), a w...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wavefront%20.obj%20file
OBJ (or .OBJ) is a geometry definition file format first developed by Wavefront Technologies for its Advanced Visualizer animation package. The file format is open and has been adopted by other 3D graphics application vendors. The OBJ file format is a simple data-format that represents 3D geometry alone — namely, the ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ap%C3%A9ry%27s%20theorem
In mathematics, Apéry's theorem is a result in number theory that states the Apéry's constant ζ(3) is irrational. That is, the number cannot be written as a fraction where p and q are integers. The theorem is named after Roger Apéry. The special values of the Riemann zeta function at even integers () can be shown i...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Canfield%20%28solitaire%29
Canfield (US) or Demon (UK) is a patience or solitaire card game with a very low probability of winning. It is an English game first called Demon Patience and described as "the best game for one pack that has yet been invented". It was popularised in the United States in the early 20th century as a result of a story th...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Neighbourhood%20system
In topology and related areas of mathematics, the neighbourhood system, complete system of neighbourhoods, or neighbourhood filter for a point in a topological space is the collection of all neighbourhoods of Definitions Neighbourhood of a point or set An of a point (or subset) in a topological space is any ope...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Harmonic%20%28mathematics%29
In mathematics, a number of concepts employ the word harmonic. The similarity of this terminology to that of music is not accidental: the equations of motion of vibrating strings, drums and columns of air are given by formulas involving Laplacians; the solutions to which are given by eigenvalues corresponding to their ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Proper
Proper may refer to: Mathematics Proper map, in topology, a property of continuous function between topological spaces, if inverse images of compact subsets are compact Proper morphism, in algebraic geometry, an analogue of a proper map for algebraic varieties Proper transfer function, a transfer function in contr...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Frobenius%20group
In mathematics, a Frobenius group is a transitive permutation group on a finite set, such that no non-trivial element fixes more than one point and some non-trivial element fixes a point. They are named after F. G. Frobenius. Structure Suppose G is a Frobenius group consisting of permutations of a set X. A subgroup...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Four-gradient
In differential geometry, the four-gradient (or 4-gradient) is the four-vector analogue of the gradient from vector calculus. In special relativity and in quantum mechanics, the four-gradient is used to define the properties and relations between the various physical four-vectors and tensors. Notation This article...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Non-perturbative
In mathematics and physics, a non-perturbative function or process is one that cannot be described by perturbation theory. An example is the function which does not have a Taylor series at x = 0. Every coefficient of the Taylor expansion around x = 0 is exactly zero, but the function is non-zero if x ≠ 0. In physi...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Psi%20function
Psi function can refer, in mathematics, to the ordinal collapsing function the Dedekind psi function the Chebyshev function the polygamma function or its special cases the digamma function the trigamma function and in physics to the quantum mechanical wave function.
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hardiness%20zone
A hardiness zone is a geographic area defined as having a certain average annual minimum temperature, a factor relevant to the survival of many plants. In some systems other statistics are included in the calculations. The original and most widely used system, developed by the United States Department of Agriculture (U...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/NUTS%20statistical%20regions%20of%20the%20Czech%20Republic
The Nomenclature of Territorial Units for Statistics (NUTS) is a geocode standard for referencing the subdivisions of the Czech Republic for statistical purposes. The standard is developed and regulated by the European Union. The NUTS standard is instrumental in delivering the European Union's Structural Funds. The NUT...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Iverson%20bracket
In mathematics, the Iverson bracket, named after Kenneth E. Iverson, is a notation that generalises the Kronecker delta, which is the Iverson bracket of the statement . It maps any statement to a function of the free variables in that statement. This function is defined to take the value 1 for the values of the variabl...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Iverson%20notation
Iverson notation can refer to: APL (programming language) Iverson bracket, in mathematics
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Social%20geometry
Social geometry is a theoretical strategy of sociological explanation, invented by sociologist Donald Black, which uses a multi-dimensional model to explain variations in the behavior of social life. In Black's own use and application of the idea, social geometry is an instance of Pure Sociology. Variables While soc...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Unipotent
In mathematics, a unipotent element r of a ring R is one such that r − 1 is a nilpotent element; in other words, (r − 1)n is zero for some n. In particular, a square matrix M is a unipotent matrix if and only if its characteristic polynomial P(t) is a power of t − 1. Thus all the eigenvalues of a unipotent matrix are ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/NUTS%20statistical%20regions%20of%20Ireland
Ireland uses the Nomenclature of Territorial Units for Statistics (NUTS) geocode standard for referencing country subdivisions for statistical purposes. The standard is developed and regulated by the European Union. The NUTS standard is instrumental in delivering European Structural and Investment Funds. The NUTS code ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/%C3%89mile%20L%C3%A9onard%20Mathieu
Émile Léonard Mathieu (; 15 May 1835, in Metz – 19 October 1890, in Nancy) was a French mathematician. He is known for his work in group theory and mathematical physics. He has given his name to the Mathieu functions, Mathieu groups and Mathieu transformation. He authored a treatise of mathematical physics in 6 volumes...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mathieu%20function
In mathematics, Mathieu functions, sometimes called angular Mathieu functions, are solutions of Mathieu's differential equation where are real-valued parameters. Since we may add to to change the sign of , it is a usual convention to set . They were first introduced by Émile Léonard Mathieu, who encountered them w...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Zassenhaus%20group
In mathematics, a Zassenhaus group, named after Hans Zassenhaus, is a certain sort of doubly transitive permutation group very closely related to rank-1 groups of Lie type. Definition A Zassenhaus group is a permutation group G on a finite set X with the following three properties: G is doubly transitive. Non-triv...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cauchy%20boundary%20condition
In mathematics, a Cauchy () boundary condition augments an ordinary differential equation or a partial differential equation with conditions that the solution must satisfy on the boundary; ideally so as to ensure that a unique solution exists. A Cauchy boundary condition specifies both the function value and normal der...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cauchy%20problem
A Cauchy problem in mathematics asks for the solution of a partial differential equation that satisfies certain conditions that are given on a hypersurface in the domain. A Cauchy problem can be an initial value problem or a boundary value problem (for this case see also Cauchy boundary condition). It is named after Au...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/FK-space
In functional analysis and related areas of mathematics a FK-space or Fréchet coordinate space is a sequence space equipped with a topological structure such that it becomes a Fréchet space. FK-spaces with a normable topology are called BK-spaces. There exists only one topology to turn a sequence space into a Fréchet ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/BK-space
In functional analysis and related areas of mathematics, a BK-space or Banach coordinate space is a sequence space endowed with a suitable norm to turn it into a Banach space. All BK-spaces are normable FK-spaces. Examples The space of convergent sequences the space of vanishing sequences and the space of bounded s...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/NUTS%20statistical%20regions%20of%20the%20Netherlands
In the NUTS (Nomenclature of Territorial Units for Statistics) codes of the Netherlands (NL), the three levels are: NUTS codes Local administrative units Below the NUTS levels, the two LAU (Local Administrative Units) levels are: The LAU codes of the Netherlands can be downloaded here: See also Subdivisions of th...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List%20of%20French%20Open%20men%27s%20doubles%20champions
Champions French Championships French Open Statistics Multiple champions Champions by country If the doubles partners are from the same country then that country gets two titles instead of one, while if they are from different countries then each country will get one title apiece. Notes References See also ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Relativistic%20Breit%E2%80%93Wigner%20distribution
The relativistic Breit–Wigner distribution (after the 1936 nuclear resonance formula of Gregory Breit and Eugene Wigner) is a continuous probability distribution with the following probability density function, where is a constant of proportionality, equal to   with   (This equation is written using natural units,...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Somer%E2%80%93Lucas%20pseudoprime
In mathematics, in particular number theory, an odd composite number N is a Somer–Lucas d-pseudoprime (with given d ≥ 1) if there exists a nondegenerate Lucas sequence with the discriminant such that and the rank appearance of N in the sequence U(P, Q) is where is the Jacobi symbol. Applications Unlike the standa...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Absorbing%20set
In functional analysis and related areas of mathematics an absorbing set in a vector space is a set which can be "inflated" or "scaled up" to eventually always include any given point of the vector space. Alternative terms are radial or absorbent set. Every neighborhood of the origin in every topological vector spac...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Geometry%20of%20Love
Geometry of Love is the fifteenth studio album by French electronic musician and composer Jean-Michel Jarre, released by Warner Music in October 2003. This album has more in common with the preceding Sessions 2000 album than releases prior, but the style here is still more electronica than jazz. The music was to be lo...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Local%20diffeomorphism
In mathematics, more specifically differential topology, a local diffeomorphism is intuitively a map between Smooth manifolds that preserves the local differentiable structure. The formal definition of a local diffeomorphism is given below. Formal definition Let and be differentiable manifolds. A function is a l...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/194%20%28number%29
194 (one hundred [and] ninety-four) is the natural number following 193 and preceding 195. In mathematics 194 is the smallest Markov number that is neither a Fibonacci number nor a Pell number 194 is the smallest number written as the sum of three squares in five ways 194 is the number of irreducible representation...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bi-directional%20delay%20line
In mathematics, a bi-directional delay line is a numerical analysis technique used in computer simulation for solving ordinary differential equations by converting them to hyperbolic equations. In this way an explicit solution scheme is obtained with highly robust numerical properties. It was introduced by Auslander in...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Polytree
In mathematics, and more specifically in graph theory, a polytree (also called directed tree, oriented tree or singly connected network) is a directed acyclic graph whose underlying undirected graph is a tree. In other words, if we replace its directed edges with undirected edges, we obtain an undirected graph that is ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Federigo%20Enriques
Abramo Giulio Umberto Federigo Enriques (5 January 1871 – 14 June 1946) was an Italian mathematician, now known principally as the first to give a classification of algebraic surfaces in birational geometry, and other contributions in algebraic geometry. Biography Enriques was born in Livorno, and brought up in Pisa, ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hieronymus%20Georg%20Zeuthen
Hieronymus Georg Zeuthen (15 February 1839 – 6 January 1920) was a Danish mathematician. He is known for work on the enumerative geometry of conic sections, algebraic surfaces, and history of mathematics. Biography Zeuthen was born in Grimstrup near Varde where his father was a minister. In 1849, his father moved to a...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Naimark%27s%20problem
Naimark's problem is a question in functional analysis asked by . It asks whether every C*-algebra that has only one irreducible -representation up to unitary equivalence is isomorphic to the -algebra of compact operators on some (not necessarily separable) Hilbert space. The problem has been solved in the affirmative...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Barrelled%20space
In functional analysis and related areas of mathematics, a barrelled space (also written barreled space) is a topological vector space (TVS) for which every barrelled set in the space is a neighbourhood for the zero vector. A barrelled set or a barrel in a topological vector space is a set that is convex, balanced, ab...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Darboux%20basis
A Darboux basis may refer to: A Darboux basis of a symplectic vector space In differential geometry, a Darboux frame on a surface A Darboux tangent in the dovetail joint Mathematics disambiguation pages
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Balanced%20set
In linear algebra and related areas of mathematics a balanced set, circled set or disk in a vector space (over a field with an absolute value function ) is a set such that for all scalars satisfying The balanced hull or balanced envelope of a set is the smallest balanced set containing The balanced core of a se...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Absolutely%20convex%20set
In mathematics, a subset C of a real or complex vector space is said to be absolutely convex or disked if it is convex and balanced (some people use the term "circled" instead of "balanced"), in which case it is called a disk. The disked hull or the absolute convex hull of a set is the intersection of all disks contai...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cross-entropy
In information theory, the cross-entropy between two probability distributions and over the same underlying set of events measures the average number of bits needed to identify an event drawn from the set if a coding scheme used for the set is optimized for an estimated probability distribution , rather than the true...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hall%20subgroup
In mathematics, specifically group theory, a Hall subgroup of a finite group G is a subgroup whose order is coprime to its index. They were introduced by the group theorist . Definitions A Hall divisor (also called a unitary divisor) of an integer n is a divisor d of n such that d and n/d are coprime. The easiest wa...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tomahawk%20%28geometry%29
The tomahawk is a tool in geometry for angle trisection, the problem of splitting an angle into three equal parts. The boundaries of its shape include a semicircle and two line segments, arranged in a way that resembles a tomahawk, a Native American axe. The same tool has also been called the shoemaker's knife, but tha...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Legendre%20sieve
In mathematics, the Legendre sieve, named after Adrien-Marie Legendre, is the simplest method in modern sieve theory. It applies the concept of the Sieve of Eratosthenes to find upper or lower bounds on the number of primes within a given set of integers. Because it is a simple extension of Eratosthenes' idea, it is ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Passive%20optical%20network
A passive optical network (PON) is a fiber-optic telecommunications technology for delivering broadband network access to end-customers. Its architecture implements a point-to-multipoint topology in which a single optical fiber serves multiple endpoints by using unpowered (passive) fiber optic splitters to divide the f...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Steinberg%20group
In mathematics, Steinberg group means either of two distinct, though related, constructions of the mathematician Robert Steinberg: Steinberg group (K-theory) St(A) in algebraic K-theory. Steinberg group (Lie theory) is a 'twisted' group of Lie type, in particular one of the groups of type 3D4 or 2E6.
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ree%20group
In mathematics, a Ree group is a group of Lie type over a finite field constructed by from an exceptional automorphism of a Dynkin diagram that reverses the direction of the multiple bonds, generalizing the Suzuki groups found by Suzuki using a different method. They were the last of the infinite families of finite si...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Suzuki%20group
In the mathematical discipline known as group theory, the phrase Suzuki group refers to: The Suzuki sporadic group, Suz or Sz is a sporadic simple group of order 213 · 37 · 52 · 7 · 11 · 13 = 448,345,497,600 discovered by Suzuki in 1969 One of an infinite family of Suzuki groups of Lie type discovered by Suzuki Group ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Alternating%20sign%20matrix
In mathematics, an alternating sign matrix is a square matrix of 0s, 1s, and −1s such that the sum of each row and column is 1 and the nonzero entries in each row and column alternate in sign. These matrices generalize permutation matrices and arise naturally when using Dodgson condensation to compute a determinant. Th...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dodgson%20condensation
In mathematics, Dodgson condensation or method of contractants is a method of computing the determinants of square matrices. It is named for its inventor, Charles Lutwidge Dodgson (better known by his pseudonym, as Lewis Carroll, the popular author), who discovered it in 1866. The method in the case of an n × n matrix ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Convergent%20series
In mathematics, a series is the sum of the terms of an infinite sequence of numbers. More precisely, an infinite sequence defines a series that is denoted The th partial sum is the sum of the first terms of the sequence; that is, A series is convergent (or converges) if the sequence of its partial sums tends t...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Equianharmonic
In mathematics, and in particular the study of Weierstrass elliptic functions, the equianharmonic case occurs when the Weierstrass invariants satisfy g2 = 0 and g3 = 1. This page follows the terminology of Abramowitz and Stegun; see also the lemniscatic case. (These are special examples of complex multiplication.) In ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List%20of%20finite%20simple%20groups
In mathematics, the classification of finite simple groups states that every finite simple group is cyclic, or alternating, or in one of 16 families of groups of Lie type, or one of 26 sporadic groups. The list below gives all finite simple groups, together with their order, the size of the Schur multiplier, the size ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sublinear%20function
In linear algebra, a sublinear function (or functional as is more often used in functional analysis), also called a quasi-seminorm or a Banach functional, on a vector space is a real-valued function with only some of the properties of a seminorm. Unlike seminorms, a sublinear function does not have to be nonnegative-v...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/B%E2%82%80
B0, that is "B subscript zero", is also generally used in Magnetic Resonance Imaging to denote the net magnetization vector. Although in physics and mathematics the notation to represent a physical quantity can be arbitrary, it is generally accepted in the literature, such as the International Society for Magnetic Res...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Johannes%20Werner
Johann(es) Werner (; February 14, 1468 – May 1522) was a German mathematician. He was born in Nuremberg, Germany, where he became a parish priest. His primary work was in astronomy, mathematics, and geography, although he was also considered a skilled instrument maker. Mathematics His mathematical works were in the ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/143%20%28number%29
143 (one hundred [and] forty-three) is the natural number following 142 and preceding 144. In mathematics 143 is the sum of seven consecutive primes (11 + 13 + 17 + 19 + 23 + 29 + 31). But this number is never the sum of an integer and its base 10 digits, making it a self number. It is also the product of a twin prime...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ennio%20de%20Giorgi
Ennio De Giorgi (8 February 1928 – 25 October 1996) was an Italian mathematician who worked on partial differential equations and the foundations of mathematics. Mathematical work De Giorgi's first work was in geometric measure theory, on the topic of the sets of finite perimeters which he called in 1958 as Caccioppol...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Contractible%20space
In mathematics, a topological space X is contractible if the identity map on X is null-homotopic, i.e. if it is homotopic to some constant map. Intuitively, a contractible space is one that can be continuously shrunk to a point within that space. Properties A contractible space is precisely one with the homotopy type ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chi-square
The term chi-square, chi-squared, or has various uses in statistics: chi-square distribution, a continuous probability distribution chi-square test, name given to some tests using chi-square distribution chi-square target models, a mathematical model used in radar cross-section
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Inverse%20semigroup
In group theory, an inverse semigroup (occasionally called an inversion semigroup) S is a semigroup in which every element x in S has a unique inverse y in S in the sense that and , i.e. a regular semigroup in which every element has a unique inverse. Inverse semigroups appear in a range of contexts; for example, they...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Superabundant%20number
In mathematics, a superabundant number is a certain kind of natural number. A natural number is called superabundant precisely when, for all : where denotes the sum-of-divisors function (i.e., the sum of all positive divisors of , including itself). The first few superabundant numbers are . For example, the number...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Colossally%20abundant%20number
In number theory, a colossally abundant number (sometimes abbreviated as CA) is a natural number that, in a particular, rigorous sense, has many divisors. Particularly, it is defined by a ratio between the sum of an integer's divisors and that integer raised to a power higher than one. For any such exponent, whichever ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Highly%20abundant%20number
In number theory, a highly abundant number is a natural number with the property that the sum of its divisors (including itself) is greater than the sum of the divisors of any smaller natural number. Highly abundant numbers and several similar classes of numbers were first introduced by , and early work on the subject...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Superior%20highly%20composite%20number
In number theory, a superior highly composite number is a natural number which, in a particular rigorous sense, has many divisors. Particularly, it is defined by a ratio between the number of divisors an integer has and that integer raised to some positive power. For any possible exponent, whichever integer has the hig...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Abu%20Ja%27far%20al-Khazin
Abu Jafar Muhammad ibn Husayn Khazin (; 900–971), also called Al-Khazin, was an Iranian Muslim astronomer and mathematician from Khorasan. He worked on both astronomy and number theory. Al-Khazin was one of the scientists brought to the court in Ray, Iran by the ruler of the Buyid dynasty, Adhad ad-Dowleh, who ruled f...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Minimum%20mean%20square%20error
In statistics and signal processing, a minimum mean square error (MMSE) estimator is an estimation method which minimizes the mean square error (MSE), which is a common measure of estimator quality, of the fitted values of a dependent variable. In the Bayesian setting, the term MMSE more specifically refers to estimati...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Complex%20convexity
Complex convexity is a general term in complex geometry. Definition A set in is called if its intersection with any complex line is contractible. Background In complex geometry and analysis, the notion of convexity and its generalizations play an important role in understanding function behavior. Examples of cla...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Parabolic%20cylinder%20function
In mathematics, the parabolic cylinder functions are special functions defined as solutions to the differential equation This equation is found when the technique of separation of variables is used on Laplace's equation when expressed in parabolic cylindrical coordinates. The above equation may be brought into two di...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Laplace%E2%80%93Beltrami%20operator
In differential geometry, the Laplace–Beltrami operator is a generalization of the Laplace operator to functions defined on submanifolds in Euclidean space and, even more generally, on Riemannian and pseudo-Riemannian manifolds. It is named after Pierre-Simon Laplace and Eugenio Beltrami. For any twice-differentiable ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tensor%20density
In differential geometry, a tensor density or relative tensor is a generalization of the tensor field concept. A tensor density transforms as a tensor field when passing from one coordinate system to another (see tensor field), except that it is additionally multiplied or weighted by a power W of the Jacobian determin...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/George%20Batchelor
George Keith Batchelor FRS (8 March 1920 – 30 March 2000) was an Australian applied mathematician and fluid dynamicist. He was for many years a Professor of Applied Mathematics in the University of Cambridge, and was founding head of the Department of Applied Mathematics and Theoretical Physics (DAMTP). In 1956 he fou...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Polar%20set
In functional and convex analysis, and related disciplines of mathematics, the polar set is a special convex set associated to any subset of a vector space lying in the dual space The bipolar of a subset is the polar of but lies in (not ). Definitions There are at least three competing definitions of the polar...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/African%20Mathematical%20Union
The African Mathematical Union or Union Mathematique Africaine is an African organization dedicated to the development of mathematics in Africa. It was founded in 1976 in Rabat, Morocco, during the first Pan-African Congress of Mathematicians with Henri Hogbe Nlend as its first President. Another key figure in its earl...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Comprehensive%20School%20Mathematics%20Program
Comprehensive School Mathematics Program (CSMP) stands for both the name of a curriculum and the name of the project that was responsible for developing curriculum materials in the United States. Two major curricula were developed as part of the overall CSMP project: the Comprehensive School Mathematics Program (CSMP)...