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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Matrix%20calculus
In mathematics, matrix calculus is a specialized notation for doing multivariable calculus, especially over spaces of matrices. It collects the various partial derivatives of a single function with respect to many variables, and/or of a multivariate function with respect to a single variable, into vectors and matrices...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Egorov%27s%20theorem
In measure theory, an area of mathematics, Egorov's theorem establishes a condition for the uniform convergence of a pointwise convergent sequence of measurable functions. It is also named Severini–Egoroff theorem or Severini–Egorov theorem, after Carlo Severini, an Italian mathematician, and Dmitri Egorov, a Russian p...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Winsorizing
Winsorizing or winsorization is the transformation of statistics by limiting extreme values in the statistical data to reduce the effect of possibly spurious outliers. It is named after the engineer-turned-biostatistician Charles P. Winsor (1895–1951). The effect is the same as clipping in signal processing. The distr...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Transvection
Transvection may refer to: Transvection (flying) Transvection (genetics) Mathematics The creation of a transvectant in invariant theory A shear mapping in linear algebra Raising and lowering indices
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tav
Tav or TAV may refer to: Math, science and technology Tav (number), in set theory the collection of all cardinal numbers The Advanced Visualizer, a 3D graphics software package Tomato aspermy virus, a plant virus Tropical Atlantic Variability, in meteorology Ti-6Al-4V, a titanium alloy containing aluminum and van...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gr%C3%B6nwall%27s%20inequality
In mathematics, Grönwall's inequality (also called Grönwall's lemma or the Grönwall–Bellman inequality) allows one to bound a function that is known to satisfy a certain differential or integral inequality by the solution of the corresponding differential or integral equation. There are two forms of the lemma, a differ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/F2
F2, F.II or similar may refer to: Science and mathematics F2, the chemical formula for fluorine or GF(2), in mathematics, the Galois field of two elements F2, a category in the Fujita scale of tornado intensity F2 hybrid, a type of crossing in classical genetics F2 layer, a stratum of the Earth's ionosphere F-2...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/H4
H4, H04, or H-4 may refer to: Science and mathematics ATC code H04 Pancreatic hormones, a subgroup of the Anatomical Therapeutic Chemical Classification System Histamine H4 receptor, a human gene Histone H4, a protein involved in the structure of chromatin in eukaryotic cells Hydrogen-4 (H-4), an isotope of hydrog...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/%28B%2C%20N%29%20pair
In mathematics, a (B, N) pair is a structure on groups of Lie type that allows one to give uniform proofs of many results, instead of giving a large number of case-by-case proofs. Roughly speaking, it shows that all such groups are similar to the general linear group over a field. They were introduced by the mathematic...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List%20of%20municipalities%20of%20Sweden
This is a list of municipalities of Sweden after the division at the turn of the year of 2011–12. There are 290 municipalities. All statistics are from 1 January 2013, except for population (30 September 2013) and density (1 January 2013 and 30 September 2013). Code refers to the municipality code, Total area include...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Minitab
Minitab is a statistics package developed at the Pennsylvania State University by researchers Barbara F. Ryan, Thomas A. Ryan, Jr., and Brian L. Joiner in conjunction with Triola Statistics Company in 1972. It began as a light version of OMNITAB, a statistical analysis program by National Institute of Standards and Tec...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Uniformizable%20space
In mathematics, a topological space X is uniformizable if there exists a uniform structure on X that induces the topology of X. Equivalently, X is uniformizable if and only if it is homeomorphic to a uniform space (equipped with the topology induced by the uniform structure). Any (pseudo)metrizable space is uniformiza...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Multigraph
In mathematics, and more specifically in graph theory, a multigraph is a graph which is permitted to have multiple edges (also called parallel edges), that is, edges that have the same end nodes. Thus two vertices may be connected by more than one edge. There are 2 distinct notions of multiple edges: Edges without o...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Elementary%20mathematics
Elementary mathematics, also known as primary or secondary school mathematics, is the study of mathematics topics that are commonly taught at the primary or secondary school levels around the world. It includes a wide range of mathematical concepts and skills, including number sense, algebra, geometry, measurement, and...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/K-nearest%20neighbors%20algorithm
In statistics, the k-nearest neighbors algorithm (k-NN) is a non-parametric supervised learning method first developed by Evelyn Fix and Joseph Hodges in 1951, and later expanded by Thomas Cover. It is used for classification and regression. In both cases, the input consists of the k closest training examples in a data...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/L%C3%A9vy%27s%20continuity%20theorem
In probability theory, Lévy’s continuity theorem, or Lévy's convergence theorem, named after the French mathematician Paul Lévy, connects convergence in distribution of the sequence of random variables with pointwise convergence of their characteristic functions. This theorem is the basis for one approach to prove the...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Risk%20analysis%20%28engineering%29
Risk analysis is the science of risks and their probability and evaluation. Probabilistic risk assessment is one analysis strategy usually employed in science and engineering. In a probabilistic risk assessment risks are identified and then assessed in terms of likelihood of occurrence of a consequence and the magnitu...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Arithmetica
Arithmetica () is an Ancient Greek text on mathematics written by the mathematician Diophantus () in the 3rd century AD. It is a collection of 130 algebraic problems giving numerical solutions of determinate equations (those with a unique solution) and indeterminate equations. Summary Equations in the book are presen...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Radius
In classical geometry, a radius (: radii or radiuses) of a circle or sphere is any of the line segments from its center to its perimeter, and in more modern usage, it is also their length. The name comes from the Latin radius, meaning ray but also the spoke of a chariot wheel. The typical abbreviation and mathematical ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Harold%20S.%20Shapiro
Harold Seymour Shapiro (2 April 1928 – 5 March 2021) was a professor of mathematics at the Royal Institute of Technology in Stockholm, Sweden, best known for inventing the so-called Shapiro polynomials (also known as Golay–Shapiro polynomials or Rudin–Shapiro polynomials) and for work on quadrature domains. His main r...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Antiparallel
The term antiparallel may refer to: Antiparallel (biochemistry), the orientation of adjacent molecules Antiparallel (mathematics), a congruent but opposite relative orientation of two lines in relation to another line or angle Antiparallel vectors, a pair of vectors pointed in opposite directions Antiparallel (elec...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Stirling%20transform
In combinatorial mathematics, the Stirling transform of a sequence { an : n = 1, 2, 3, ... } of numbers is the sequence { bn : n = 1, 2, 3, ... } given by where is the Stirling number of the second kind, also denoted S(n,k) (with a capital S), which is the number of partitions of a set of size n into k parts. The in...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fibrant%20object
In mathematics, specifically in homotopy theory in the context of a model category M, a fibrant object A of M is an object that has a fibration to the terminal object of the category. Properties The fibrant objects of a closed model category are characterized by having a right lifting property with respect to any tri...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Quadratic%20classifier
In statistics, a quadratic classifier is a statistical classifier that uses a quadratic decision surface to separate measurements of two or more classes of objects or events. It is a more general version of the linear classifier. The classification problem Statistical classification considers a set of vectors of obser...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dickson%20invariant
In mathematics, the Dickson invariant, named after Leonard Eugene Dickson, may mean: The Dickson invariant of an element of the orthogonal group in characteristic 2 A modular invariant of a group studied by Dickson
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mills%27%20constant
In number theory, Mills' constant is defined as the smallest positive real number A such that the floor function of the double exponential function is a prime number for all positive natural numbers n. This constant is named after William Harold Mills who proved in 1947 the existence of A based on results of Guido Hoh...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Canada/USA%20Mathcamp
Canada/USA Mathcamp is a five-week academic summer program for middle and high school students in mathematics. Mathcamp was founded in 1993 by Dr. George Thomas, who believed that students interested in mathematics frequently lacked the resources and camaraderie to pursue their interest. Mira Bernstein became the dire...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Carl%20Christoffer%20Georg%20Andr%C3%A6
Carl Christopher Georg Andræ (14 October 1812 – 2 February 1893) was a Danish politician and mathematician. From 1842 until 1854, he was professor of mathematics and mechanics at the national military college. He was elected to the Royal Danish Academy of Sciences and Letters in 1853. Andræ was by royal appointment a m...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vuong%27s%20closeness%20test
In statistics, the Vuong closeness test is a likelihood-ratio-based test for model selection using the Kullback–Leibler information criterion. This statistic makes probabilistic statements about two models. They can be nested, strictly non-nested or partially non-nested (also called overlapping). The statistic tests th...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mathematics%20of%20general%20relativity
When studying and formulating Albert Einstein's theory of general relativity, various mathematical structures and techniques are utilized. The main tools used in this geometrical theory of gravitation are tensor fields defined on a Lorentzian manifold representing spacetime. This article is a general description of the...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bounded%20set%20%28topological%20vector%20space%29
In functional analysis and related areas of mathematics, a set in a topological vector space is called bounded or von Neumann bounded, if every neighborhood of the zero vector can be inflated to include the set. A set that is not bounded is called unbounded. Bounded sets are a natural way to define locally convex pol...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Polar%20topology
In functional analysis and related areas of mathematics a polar topology, topology of -convergence or topology of uniform convergence on the sets of is a method to define locally convex topologies on the vector spaces of a pairing. Preliminaries A pairing is a triple consisting of two vector spaces over a field (...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dual%20topology
In functional analysis and related areas of mathematics a dual topology is a locally convex topology on a vector space that is induced by the continuous dual of the vector space, by means of the bilinear form (also called pairing) associated with the dual pair. The different dual topologies for a given dual pair are c...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Leonard%20Eugene%20Dickson
Leonard Eugene Dickson (January 22, 1874 – January 17, 1954) was an American mathematician. He was one of the first American researchers in abstract algebra, in particular the theory of finite fields and classical groups, and is also remembered for a three-volume history of number theory, History of the Theory of Numbe...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mackey%20topology
In functional analysis and related areas of mathematics, the Mackey topology, named after George Mackey, is the finest topology for a topological vector space which still preserves the continuous dual. In other words the Mackey topology does not make linear functions continuous which were discontinuous in the default t...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Little%20Caesars
Little Caesar Enterprises Inc. (doing business as Little Caesars) is an American multinational pizza chain. Based on 2020 statistics, Little Caesars is the third largest pizza chain by total sales in the United States, behind Pizza Hut and Domino's Pizza. It operates and franchises pizza restaurants in the United State...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Irish%20Newfoundlanders
In modern Newfoundland (), many Newfoundlanders are of Irish descent. According to the Statistics Canada 2016 census, 20.7% of Newfoundlanders claim Irish ancestry (other major groups in the province include 37.5% English, 6.8% Scottish, and 5.2% French). However, this figure greatly under-represents the true number of...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/PMI
PMI may stand for: Computer science Pointwise mutual information, in statistics Privilege Management Infrastructure in cryptography Product and manufacturing information in CAD systems Companies Philip Morris International, tobacco company Picture Music International, former division of EMI Precious Moments, In...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Reference%20class%20problem
In statistics, the reference class problem is the problem of deciding what class to use when calculating the probability applicable to a particular case. For example, to estimate the probability of an aircraft crashing, we could refer to the frequency of crashes among various different sets of aircraft: all aircraft,...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Maximum%20a%20posteriori%20estimation
In Bayesian statistics, a maximum a posteriori probability (MAP) estimate is an estimate of an unknown quantity, that equals the mode of the posterior distribution. The MAP can be used to obtain a point estimate of an unobserved quantity on the basis of empirical data. It is closely related to the method of maximum lik...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Copula%20%28probability%20theory%29
In probability theory and statistics, a copula is a multivariate cumulative distribution function for which the marginal probability distribution of each variable is uniform on the interval [0, 1]. Copulas are used to describe/model the dependence (inter-correlation) between random variables. Their name, introduced by ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Borel%E2%80%93Carath%C3%A9odory%20theorem
In mathematics, the Borel–Carathéodory theorem in complex analysis shows that an analytic function may be bounded by its real part. It is an application of the maximum modulus principle. It is named for Émile Borel and Constantin Carathéodory. Statement of the theorem Let a function be analytic on a closed disc of ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pin%20group
In mathematics, the pin group is a certain subgroup of the Clifford algebra associated to a quadratic space. It maps 2-to-1 to the orthogonal group, just as the spin group maps 2-to-1 to the special orthogonal group. In general the map from the Pin group to the orthogonal group is not surjective or a universal coverin...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Graph%20morphism
Graph morphism may refer to: Graph homomorphism, in graph theory, a homomorphism between graphs Graph morphism, in algebraic geometry, a type of morphism of schemes
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Montel%20space
In functional analysis and related areas of mathematics, a Montel space, named after Paul Montel, is any topological vector space (TVS) in which an analog of Montel's theorem holds. Specifically, a Montel space is a barrelled topological vector space in which every closed and bounded subset is compact. Definition A ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/FOIL%20method
In elementary algebra, FOIL is a mnemonic for the standard method of multiplying two binomials—hence the method may be referred to as the FOIL method. The word FOIL is an acronym for the four terms of the product: First ("first" terms of each binomial are multiplied together) Outer ("outside" terms are multiplied—tha...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pulation%20square
In category theory, a branch of mathematics, a pulation square (also called a Doolittle diagram) is a diagram that is simultaneously a pullback square and a pushout square. It is a self-dual concept. References Adámek, Jiří, Herrlich, Horst, & Strecker, George E. (1990). Abstract and Concrete Categories (4.2MB PDF)....
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Oskar%20Becker
Oscar Becker (5 September 1889 – 13 November 1964) was a German philosopher, logician, mathematician, and historian of mathematics. Early life Becker was born in Leipzig, where he studied mathematics. His dissertation under Otto Hölder and Karl Rohn (1914) was On the Decomposition of Polygons in non-intersecting trian...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Invariant%20polynomial
In mathematics, an invariant polynomial is a polynomial that is invariant under a group acting on a vector space . Therefore, is a -invariant polynomial if for all and . Cases of particular importance are for Γ a finite group (in the theory of Molien series, in particular), a compact group, a Lie group or algebra...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/T-structure
In the branch of mathematics called homological algebra, a t-structure is a way to axiomatize the properties of an abelian subcategory of a derived category. A t-structure on consists of two subcategories of a triangulated category or stable infinity category which abstract the idea of complexes whose cohomology van...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/UEFA%20coefficient
In European football, the UEFA coefficients are statistics based in weighted arithmetic means used for ranking and seeding teams in club and international competitions. Introduced in 1979 for men's football tournaments, and after applied in women's football and futsal, the coefficients are calculated by UEFA, who admin...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/E8%20lattice
In mathematics, the E lattice is a special lattice in R. It can be characterized as the unique positive-definite, even, unimodular lattice of rank 8. The name derives from the fact that it is the root lattice of the E root system. The norm of the E lattice (divided by 2) is a positive definite even unimodular quadrati...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Beta%20normal%20form
In the lambda calculus, a term is in beta normal form if no beta reduction is possible. A term is in beta-eta normal form if neither a beta reduction nor an eta reduction is possible. A term is in head normal form if there is no beta-redex in head position. The normal form of a term, if one exists, is unique (as a coro...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Variogram
In spatial statistics the theoretical variogram, denoted , is a function describing the degree of spatial dependence of a spatial random field or stochastic process . The semivariogram is half the variogram. In the case of a concrete example from the field of gold mining, a variogram will give a measure of how much ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Markov%20chain%20geostatistics
Markov chain geostatistics uses Markov chain spatial models, simulation algorithms and associated spatial correlation measures (e.g., transiogram) based on the Markov chain random field theory, which extends a single Markov chain into a multi-dimensional random field for geostatistical modeling. A Markov chain random ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Continuous%20linear%20operator
In functional analysis and related areas of mathematics, a continuous linear operator or continuous linear mapping is a continuous linear transformation between topological vector spaces. An operator between two normed spaces is a bounded linear operator if and only if it is a continuous linear operator. Continuous l...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Paul%20Vojta
Paul Alan Vojta (born September 30, 1957) is an American mathematician, known for his work in number theory on Diophantine geometry and Diophantine approximation. Contributions In formulating Vojta's conjecture, he pointed out the possible existence of parallels between the Nevanlinna theory of complex analysis, and d...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/William%20Magee%20%28archbishop%20of%20Dublin%29
William Magee (18 March 176618 August 1831) was an Irish academic and Church of Ireland clergyman. He taught at Trinity College Dublin, serving as Erasmus Smith's Professor of Mathematics (1800–1811), was Bishop of Raphoe (1819–1822) and then Archbishop of Dublin until his death. Biography He was born at Enniskillen,...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Symmetric%20bilinear%20form
In mathematics, a symmetric bilinear form on a vector space is a bilinear map from two copies of the vector space to the field of scalars such that the order of the two vectors does not affect the value of the map. In other words, it is a bilinear function that maps every pair of elements of the vector space to the ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gaussian%20random%20field
In statistics, a Gaussian random field (GRF) is a random field involving Gaussian probability density functions of the variables. A one-dimensional GRF is also called a Gaussian process. An important special case of a GRF is the Gaussian free field. With regard to applications of GRFs, the initial conditions of physi...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pearson%20distribution
The Pearson distribution is a family of continuous probability distributions. It was first published by Karl Pearson in 1895 and subsequently extended by him in 1901 and 1916 in a series of articles on biostatistics. History The Pearson system was originally devised in an effort to model visibly skewed observations. ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bornological%20space
In mathematics, particularly in functional analysis, a bornological space is a type of space which, in some sense, possesses the minimum amount of structure needed to address questions of boundedness of sets and linear maps, in the same way that a topological space possesses the minimum amount of structure needed to ad...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mackey%20space
In mathematics, particularly in functional analysis, a Mackey space is a locally convex topological vector space X such that the topology of X coincides with the Mackey topology τ(X,X′), the finest topology which still preserves the continuous dual. They are named after George Mackey. Examples Examples of locally con...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Studia%20Mathematica
Studia Mathematica is a triannual peer-reviewed scientific journal of mathematics published by the Polish Academy of Sciences. Papers are written in English, French, German, or Russian, primarily covering functional analysis, abstract methods of mathematical analysis, and probability theory. The editor-in-chief is Adam...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Topology%20dissemination%20based%20on%20reverse-path%20forwarding
Topology broadcast based on reverse-path forwarding (TBRPF) is a link-state routing protocol for wireless mesh networks. The obvious design for a wireless link-state protocol (such as the optimized link-state routing protocol) transmits large amounts of routing data, and this limits the utility of a link-state protoco...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Canadian%20Society%20for%20History%20and%20Philosophy%20of%20Mathematics
The Canadian Society for History and Philosophy of Mathematics (CSHPM) is dedicated to the study of the history and philosophy of mathematics in Canada. It was proposed by Kenneth O. May, in conjunction with the journal Historia Mathematica, and was founded in 1974. See also Canadian Mathematical Society List of Mat...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Membership%20function%20%28mathematics%29
In mathematics, the membership function of a fuzzy set is a generalization of the indicator function for classical sets. In fuzzy logic, it represents the degree of truth as an extension of valuation. Degrees of truth are often confused with probabilities, although they are conceptually distinct, because fuzzy truth r...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Stata
Stata (, , alternatively , occasionally stylized as STATA) is a general-purpose statistical software package developed by StataCorp for data manipulation, visualization, statistics, and automated reporting. It is used by researchers in many fields, including biomedicine, economics, epidemiology, and sociology. Stata w...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mathematical%20structure
In mathematics, a structure is a set endowed with some additional features on the set (e.g. an operation, relation, metric, or topology). Often, the additional features are attached or related to the set, so as to provide it with some additional meaning or significance. A partial list of possible structures are measur...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/221%20%28number%29
221 (two hundred [and] twenty-one) is the natural number following 220 and preceding 222. In mathematics Its factorization as 13 × 17 makes 221 the product of two consecutive prime numbers, the sixth smallest such product. 221 is a centered square number. In other fields In Texas hold 'em, the probability of being d...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Josephus%20problem
In computer science and mathematics, the Josephus problem (or Josephus permutation) is a theoretical problem related to a certain counting-out game. Such games are used to pick out a person from a group, e.g. eeny, meeny, miny, moe. In the particular counting-out game that gives rise to the Josephus problem, a number...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Skeleton%20%28category%20theory%29
In mathematics, a skeleton of a category is a subcategory that, roughly speaking, does not contain any extraneous isomorphisms. In a certain sense, the skeleton of a category is the "smallest" equivalent category, which captures all "categorical properties" of the original. In fact, two categories are equivalent if and...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Normally%20distributed%20and%20uncorrelated%20does%20not%20imply%20independent
In probability theory, although simple examples illustrate that linear uncorrelatedness of two random variables does not in general imply their independence, it is sometimes mistakenly thought that it does imply that when the two random variables are normally distributed. This article demonstrates that assumption of no...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Maximum%20entropy%20probability%20distribution
In statistics and information theory, a maximum entropy probability distribution has entropy that is at least as great as that of all other members of a specified class of probability distributions. According to the principle of maximum entropy, if nothing is known about a distribution except that it belongs to a certa...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/ALGOL%2068C
ALGOL 68C is an imperative computer programming language, a dialect of ALGOL 68, that was developed by Stephen R. Bourne and Michael Guy to program the Cambridge Algebra System (CAMAL). The initial compiler was written in the Princeton Syntax Compiler (PSYCO, by Edgar T. Irons) that was implemented by J. H. Mathewman a...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Arkansas%20School%20for%20Mathematics%2C%20Sciences%2C%20and%20the%20Arts
The Arkansas School for Mathematics, Sciences, and the Arts (ASMSA) is a public residential high school located in Hot Springs, Arkansas that serves sophomores, juniors, and seniors. It is a part of the University of Arkansas administrative system and a member of the NCSSSMST. The school was originally known as The Ark...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Frobenius%20algebra
In mathematics, especially in the fields of representation theory and module theory, a Frobenius algebra is a finite-dimensional unital associative algebra with a special kind of bilinear form which gives the algebras particularly nice duality theories. Frobenius algebras began to be studied in the 1930s by Richard Br...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Albanese%20variety
In mathematics, the Albanese variety , named for Giacomo Albanese, is a generalization of the Jacobian variety of a curve. Precise statement The Albanese variety is the abelian variety generated by a variety taking a given point of to the identity of . In other words, there is a morphism from the variety to its Al...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/La%20Pocati%C3%A8re
La Pocatière () is a town in the Kamouraska Regional County Municipality in the Bas-Saint-Laurent region of Quebec, Canada. Demographics In the 2021 Census of Population conducted by Statistics Canada, La Pocatière had a population of living in of its total private dwellings, a change of from its 2016 population ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Coherent%20duality
In mathematics, coherent duality is any of a number of generalisations of Serre duality, applying to coherent sheaves, in algebraic geometry and complex manifold theory, as well as some aspects of commutative algebra that are part of the 'local' theory. The historical roots of the theory lie in the idea of the adjoint...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Symplectic
The term "symplectic" is a calque of "complex" introduced by Hermann Weyl in 1939. In mathematics it may refer to: Symplectic Clifford algebra, see Weyl algebra Symplectic geometry Symplectic group Symplectic integrator Symplectic manifold Symplectic matrix Symplectic representation Symplectic vector space It ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Differential%20algebra
In mathematics, differential algebra is, broadly speaking, the area of mathematics consisting in the study of differential equations and differential operators as algebraic objects in view of deriving properties of differential equations and operators without computing the solutions, similarly as polynomial algebras a...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Base%20change
In mathematics, base change may mean: Base change map in algebraic geometry Fiber product of schemes in algebraic geometry Change of base (disambiguation) in linear algebra or numeral systems Base change lifting of automorphic forms
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Thabit%20number
In number theory, a Thabit number, Thâbit ibn Qurra number, or 321 number is an integer of the form for a non-negative integer n. The first few Thabit numbers are: 2, 5, 11, 23, 47, 95, 191, 383, 767, 1535, 3071, 6143, 12287, 24575, 49151, 98303, 196607, 393215, 786431, 1572863, ... The 9th century mathematician, ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Transition%20function
In mathematics, a transition function may refer to: a transition map between two charts of an atlas of a manifold or other topological space the function that defines the transitions of a state transition system in computing, which may refer more specifically to a Turing machine, finite-state machine, or cellular ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Blowing%20up
In mathematics, blowing up or blowup is a type of geometric transformation which replaces a subspace of a given space with all the directions pointing out of that subspace. For example, the blowup of a point in a plane replaces the point with the projectivized tangent space at that point. The metaphor is that of zoomin...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hamiltonian%20vector%20field
In mathematics and physics, a Hamiltonian vector field on a symplectic manifold is a vector field defined for any energy function or Hamiltonian. Named after the physicist and mathematician Sir William Rowan Hamilton, a Hamiltonian vector field is a geometric manifestation of Hamilton's equations in classical mechanics...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Symplectic%20vector%20field
In physics and mathematics, a symplectic vector field is one whose flow preserves a symplectic form. That is, if is a symplectic manifold with smooth manifold and symplectic form , then a vector field in the Lie algebra is symplectic if its flow preserves the symplectic structure. In other words, the Lie deriva...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Three-dimensional%20face%20recognition
Three-dimensional face recognition (3D face recognition) is a modality of facial recognition methods in which the three-dimensional geometry of the human face is used. It has been shown that 3D face recognition methods can achieve significantly higher accuracy than their 2D counterparts, rivaling fingerprint recognitio...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Final%20topology
In general topology and related areas of mathematics, the final topology (or coinduced, strong, colimit, or inductive topology) on a set with respect to a family of functions from topological spaces into is the finest topology on that makes all those functions continuous. The quotient topology on a quotient space ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/139%20%28number%29
139 (one hundred [and] thirty-nine) is the natural number following 138 and preceding 140. In mathematics 139 is the 34th prime number. It is a twin prime with 137. Because 141 is a semiprime, 139 is a Chen prime. 139 is the smallest prime before a prime gap of length 10. This number is the sum of five consecutive pr...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/146%20%28number%29
146 (one hundred [and] forty-six) is the natural number following 145 and preceding 147. In mathematics 146 is an octahedral number, the number of spheres that can be packed into in a regular octahedron with six spheres along each edge. For an octahedron with seven spheres along each edge, the number of spheres on the...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Natural%20density
In number theory, natural density, also referred to as asymptotic density or arithmetic density, is one method to measure how "large" a subset of the set of natural numbers is. It relies chiefly on the probability of encountering members of the desired subset when combing through the interval as grows large. Intuiti...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Grothendieck%20duality
In mathematics, Grothendieck duality may refer to: Coherent duality of coherent sheaves Grothendieck local duality of modules over a local ring
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Duke%20Mathematical%20Journal
Duke Mathematical Journal is a peer-reviewed mathematics journal published by Duke University Press. It was established in 1935. The founding editors-in-chief were David Widder, Arthur Coble, and Joseph Miller Thomas. The first issue included a paper by Solomon Lefschetz. Leonard Carlitz served on the editorial board f...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fundamental%20solution
In mathematics, a fundamental solution for a linear partial differential operator is a formulation in the language of distribution theory of the older idea of a Green's function (although unlike Green's functions, fundamental solutions do not address boundary conditions). In terms of the Dirac delta "function" , a fu...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/W%C5%82odzimierz%20Sto%C5%BCek
Włodzimierz Stożek (23 July 1883 – 3 or 4 July 1941) was a Polish mathematician of the Lwów School of Mathematics. Head of the Mathematics Faculty on the Lwów University of Technology. He was arrested and murdered together with his two sons: the 29-year-old engineer Eustachy and 24-year-old Emanuel, graduate of the In...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Stanis%C5%82aw%20Ruziewicz
Stanisław Ruziewicz (29 August 1889 – 12 July 1941) was a Polish mathematician and one of the founders of the Lwów School of Mathematics. He was a former student of Wacław Sierpiński, earning his doctorate in 1913 from the University of Lwów; his thesis concerned continuous functions that are not differentiable. He be...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Charles%20Parsons%20%28philosopher%29
Charles Dacre Parsons (born April 13, 1933) is an American philosopher best known for his work in the philosophy of mathematics and the study of the philosophy of Immanuel Kant. He is professor emeritus at Harvard University. Life and career Parsons is a son of the famous Harvard sociologist Talcott Parsons. He ear...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Blocking%20%28statistics%29
In the statistical theory of the design of experiments, blocking is the arranging of experimental units that are similar to one another in groups (blocks). Blocking can be used to tackle the problem of pseudoreplication. Use Blocking reduces unexplained variability. Its principle lies in the fact that variability whi...