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we present simultaneous 0.65-2.5 μm medium resolution (3300 ≤ rλ ≤ 8100) vlt/x-shooter spectra of the relatively young (150-300 myr) low-mass (19 ± 5mjup) l-t transition object vhs 1256−1257 b, a known spectroscopic analog of hr8799d. the companion is a prime target for the jwst early release science (ers) and one of t... | x-shyne: x-shooter spectra of young exoplanet analogs. i. a medium-resolution 0.65-2.5 μm one-shot spectrum of vhs 1256−1257 b |
a robust method for efficient spatial separation optical imaging through scattering media regardless of the three-dimensional (3d) optical memory effect is proposed. in this method, the problems of imaging dealiasing, decomposition, and separation of speckle patterns are solved by employing independent component analys... | multitarget imaging through scattering media beyond the 3d optical memory effect |
gravitational wave detectors (gwds), which have brought about a new era in astronomy, have reached such a level of maturity that further improvement necessitates quantum-noise-evading techniques. numerous proposals to this end have been discussed in the literature, e.g., invoking frequency-dependent squeezing or replac... | gravitational wave detection beyond the standard quantum limit using a negative-mass spin system and virtual rigidity |
we present searches after gravitational-waves using arizona observatories (saguaro), a comprehensive effort dedicated to the discovery and characterization of optical counterparts to gravitational-wave (gw) events. saguaro utilizes ground-based facilities ranging from 1.5 to 10 m in diameter, located primarily in the n... | searches after gravitational waves using arizona observatories (saguaro): system overview and first results from advanced ligo/virgo’s third observing run |
we present a comprehensive study of the variability properties of young disk-bearing stars in the taurus star-forming region, paralleling our previous investigation in ρ oph and upper sco. a sample of 99 confirmed taurus association members is placed in the diagnostic q - m plane of flux asymmetry (m) and (q), which gu... | the many-faceted light curves of young disk-bearing stars in taurus as seen by k2 |
in this letter we study implications of the possible excess of 21-cm line global signal at the epoch of cosmic dawn on the evolutions of a class of dynamically interacting dark energy (ide) models. we firstly summarize two dynamical mechanisms in which different background evolutions can exert considerable effects on t... | implications of the possible 21-cm line excess at cosmic dawn on dynamics of interacting dark energy |
as a facility used for astronomical research, the lijiang 2.4-m telescope of yunnan astronomical observatories, requires the ability to change one auxiliary instrument with another in as short a time as possible. this arises from the need to quickly respond to scientific programs (e.g. transient observation, time domai... | rapid instrument exchanging system for the cassegrain focus of the lijiang 2.4-m telescope |
insufficient instrument thermomechanical stability is one of the many roadblocks for achieving 10 cm s-1 doppler radial velocity precision, the precision needed to detect earth-twins orbiting solar-type stars. highly temperature and pressure stabilized spectrographs allow us to better calibrate out instrumental drifts,... | a versatile technique to enable sub-milli-kelvin instrument stability for precise radial velocity measurements: tests with the habitable-zone planet finder |
the simons observatory is a ground-based cosmic microwave background experiment that consists of three 0.4 m small-aperture telescopes and one 6 m large aperture telescope, located at an elevation of 5300 m on cerro toco in chile. the simons observatory large aperture telescope receiver (latr) is the cryogenic camera t... | the simons observatory large aperture telescope receiver |
photonic technologies offer numerous advantages for astronomical instruments such as spectrographs and interferometers owing to their small footprints and diverse range of functionalities. operating at the diffraction-limit, it is notoriously difficult to efficiently couple such devices directly with large telescopes. ... | efficient injection from large telescopes into single-mode fibres: enabling the era of ultra-precision astronomy |
habex is one of four candidate flagship missions being studied in detail by nasa, to be submitted for consideration to the 2020 decadal survey in astronomy and astrophysics for possible launch in the 2030s. it will be optimized for direct imaging and spectroscopy of potentially habitable exoplanets, and will also enabl... | the habitable exoplanet (habex) imaging mission: preliminary science drivers and technical requirements |
great investments of observing time have been dedicated to the study of nearby spiral galaxies with diverse goals ranging from understanding the star formation process to characterizing their dark matter distributions. accurate distances are fundamental to interpreting observations of these galaxies, yet many of the be... | the distance to m51 |
a growing number of far-infrared (fir) bright sources completely invisible in deep extragalactic optical surveys hint at an elusive population of z > 4 dusty, star-forming galaxies. cycle 1 jwst surveys are now detecting their rest-frame optical light, which provides key insight into their stellar properties and sta... | a near-infrared-faint, far-infrared-luminous dusty galaxy at z 5 in cosmos-web |
the mass accretion rate is a crucial parameter for the study of the evolution of accretion discs around young low-mass stellar and substellar objects (ysos). we revisit the case of my lup, an object where vlt/x-shooter data suggested a negligible mass accretion rate, and show it to be accreting on a level similar to ot... | hst spectra reveal accretion in my lupi |
we present spectroscopic confirmation of candidate strong gravitational lenses using the keck observatory and very large telescope as part of our astro 3d galaxy evolution with lenses (agel) survey. we confirm that (1) search methods using convolutional neural networks (cnns) with visual inspection successfully identif... | the agel survey: spectroscopic confirmation of strong gravitational lenses in the des and decals fields selected using convolutional neural networks |
stars form by accreting material from their surrounding disks. there is a consensus that matter flowing through the disk is channelled onto the stellar surface by the stellar magnetic field. this is thought to be strong enough to truncate the disk close to the corotation radius, at which the disk rotates at the same ra... | a measure of the size of the magnetospheric accretion region in tw hydrae |
we present period-luminosity relations (plrs) for 55 cepheids in m31 with periods ranging from 4 to 78 days observed with the hubble space telescope using the same three-band photometric system recently used to calibrate their luminosities. images were taken with the wide field camera 3 in two optical filters (f555w an... | a sub-2% distance to m31 from photometrically homogeneous near-infrared cepheid period-luminosity relations measured with the hubble space telescope |
atomic data and plasma models play a crucial role in the diagnosis and interpretation of astrophysical spectra, thus influencing our understanding of the universe. in this investigation we present a systematic comparison of the leading photoionisation codes to determine how much their intrinsic differences impact x-ray... | systematic comparison of photoionised plasma codes with application to spectroscopic studies of agn in x-rays |
the large synoptic survey telescope (lsst) will be a discovery machine for the astronomy and physics communities, revealing astrophysical phenomena from the solar system to the outer reaches of the observable universe. while many discoveries will be made using lsst data alone, taking full scientific advantage of lsst w... | maximizing science in the era of lsst: a community-based study of needed us capabilities |
light beams consist of oscillatory electric (and magnetic) fields having a certain amplitude, phase, and frequency. in transverse waves, the state of polarization (sop) characterizes how the electric field oscillates in the plane perpendicular to the propagation direction. light-matter interactions strongly depend on t... | polarimetry enabled by nanophotonics |
we present a catalog of star clusters, associations, and related extended objects in the small magellanic cloud (smc) and the magellanic bridge with 2741 entries, a factor 2 more than a previous version from a decade ago. literature data up until 2018 december are included. the identification of star clusters was carri... | an updated small magellanic cloud and magellanic bridge catalog of star clusters, associations, and related objects |
x-ray studies of jellyfish galaxies play a crucial role in understanding the interactions between the interstellar medium (ism) and the intracluster medium (icm). in this paper, we focused on the jellyfish galaxy jo201. by combining archival chandra observations, multi unit spectroscopic explorer hα cubes, and maps of ... | gasp xxxiv: unfolding the thermal side of ram pressure stripping in the jellyfish galaxy jo201 |
euclid and the large synoptic survey telescope (lsst) are poised to dramatically change the astronomy landscape early in the next decade. the combination of high-cadence, deep, wide-field optical photometry from lsst with high-resolution, wide-field optical photometry, and near-infrared photometry and spectroscopy from... | scientific synergy between lsst and euclid |
the transient double-beam spectrograph (tds) is designed for low-spectral-resolution optical observations of nonstationary and extragalactic sources at the 2.5-m telescope of the caucasus mountain observatory (cmo) of sai msu. the spectra are recorded simultaneously in two channels, short-wavelength (360-577 nm, recipr... | transient double-beam spectrograph for the 2.5-m telescope of the caucasus mountain observatory of sai msu |
recently, three optical tidal disruption event (tde) candidates discovered by the zwicky transient facility (ztf) have been suggested to be coincident with high-energy neutrinos. they all exhibit unusually strong dust infrared echoes, with their peak times matching the neutrino arrival time even better than the optical... | two candidate obscured tidal disruption events coincident with high-energy neutrinos |
thermally pulsing asymptotic giant branch (tp-agb) stars are relatively short lived (less than a few myr), yet their cool effective temperatures, high luminosities, efficient mass loss, and dust production can dramatically affect the chemical enrichment histories and the spectral energy distributions of their host gala... | evolution of thermally pulsing asymptotic giant branch stars. v. constraining the mass loss and lifetimes of intermediate-mass, low-metallicity agb stars |
we report what is believed to be the first example of fully continuous, 24-hour vertical monitoring of atmospheric optical turbulence. this is achieved using a novel instrument, the 24-hour shack-hartmann image motion monitor (24hshimm). optical turbulence is a fundamental limitation for applications such as free-space... | demonstrating 24-hour continuous vertical monitoring of atmospheric optical turbulence |
x-ray diffraction measurements under laser-driven dynamic compression now allow us to investigate the atomic structure of matter at tpa pressures and thousands of degree temperatures, with broad implications for condensed matter physics, planetary science, and astronomy. pressure determination in these experiments ofte... | x-ray diffraction measurements and pressure determination in nanosecond compression of solids up to 600 gpa |
orange-red lasers (∼590-625 nm) are of tremendous interest in biomedicine, astronomy, spectroscopy, and laser scanning. so far, the implementation of tunable is still based on the mode-selecting elements in the laser, but it is difficult to achieve a wide range of tuning due to the limited ability to select the optical... | continuous-wave diamond laser with a tunable wavelength in orange-red wavelength band |
in the earliest (so-called "class 0") phase of sun-like (low-mass) star formation, circumstellar disks are expected to form, feeding the protostars. however, these disks are difficult to resolve spatially because of their small sizes. moreover, there are theoretical difficulties in producing these disks in the earliest... | first detection of equatorial dark dust lane in a protostellar disk at submillimeter wavelength |
the principal limitation in many areas of astronomy, especially for directly imaging exoplanets, arises from instability in the point spread function (psf) delivered by the telescope and instrument. to understand the transfer function, it is often necessary to infer a set of optical aberrations given only the intensity... | phase retrieval and design with automatic differentiation: tutorial |
context. the vela x-1 system is one of the best-studied x-ray binaries because it was detected early, has persistent x-ray emission, and a rich phenomenology at many wavelengths. the system is frequently quoted as the archetype of wind-accreting high-mass x-ray binaries, and its parameters are referred to as typical ex... | revisiting the archetypical wind accretor vela x-1 in depth. case study of a well-known x-ray binary and the limits of our knowledge |
the diameter of a star is a major observable that serves to test the validity of stellar structure theories. it is also a difficult observable that is mostly obtained with indirect methods since the stars are so remote. today only ~600 apparent star diameters have been measured by direct methods: optical interferometry... | pseudomagnitudes and differential surface brightness: application to the apparent diameter of stars |
ic 1613 is an isolated dwarf galaxy within the local group. low foreground and internal extinction, low metallicity, and low crowding make it an invaluable testbed for the calibration of the local distance ladder. we present new, high-fidelity distance estimates to ic 1613 via its tip of the red giant branch (trgb) and... | the carnegie-chicago hubble program. ii. the distance to ic 1613: the tip of the red giant branch and rr lyrae period-luminosity relations |
we present multi-epoch very large telescope/spectro-polarimetric high-contrast exoplanet research (vlt/sphere) observations of the protoplanetary disk around hd 135344b (sao 206462). the j-band scattered light imagery reveal, with high spatial resolution (∼41 mas, 6.4 au), the disk surface beyond ∼20 au. temporal varia... | variable dynamics in the inner disk of hd 135344b revealed with multi-epoch scattered light imaging |
shock interaction has been argued to play a role in powering a range of optical transients, including supernovae, classical novae, stellar mergers, tidal disruption events, and fast blue optical transients. these same shocks can accelerate relativistic ions, generating high-energy neutrino and gamma-ray emission via ha... | high-energy neutrinos and gamma rays from nonrelativistic shock-powered transients |
we present an analysis of observed trends and correlations between a large range of spectral and photometric parameters of more than 100 type ii supernovae (sne ii), during the photospheric phase. we define a common epoch for all sne of 50 days post-explosion, where the majority of the sample is likely to be under simi... | type ii supernova spectral diversity. ii. spectroscopic and photometric correlations |
recently introduced angular-memory-effect based techniques enable non-invasive imaging of objects hidden behind thin scattering layers. however, both the speckle-correlation and the bispectrum analysis are based on the statistical average of large amounts of speckle grains, which determines that they can hardly access ... | imaging through a thin scattering layer and jointly retrieving the point-spread-function using phase-diversity |
the james webb space telescope (jwst) holds great promise for characterizing atmospheres of transiting exoplanets, potentially providing insights into earth-sized planets within the habitable zones of m-dwarf host stars if photon-limited performance can be achieved. here, we discuss the systematic error sources that ar... | jwst noise floor. ii. systematic error sources in jwst nircam time series |
we present five far- and near-ultraviolet spectra of the type ii plateau supernova, sn 2022acko, obtained 5, 6, 7, 19, and 21 days after explosion, all observed with the hubble space telescope/space telescope imaging spectrograph. the first three epochs are earlier than any type ii plateau supernova has been observed i... | sn 2022acko: the first early far-ultraviolet spectra of a type iip supernova |
we report the first >99% confidence detection of x-ray polarization in bl lacertae. during a recent x-ray/γ-ray outburst, a 287 ks observation (2022 november 27-30) was taken using the imaging x-ray polarimetry explorer (ixpe), together with contemporaneous multiwavelength observations from the neil gehrels swift ob... | x-ray polarization of bl lacertae in outburst |
the paper presents the results of analysis of astroclimatic conditions in the big telescope alt-azimuthal (bta) region (40°n–50°n; 35°e–55°e). using data from the european center for medium-range weather forecast reanalysis (era-5), we estimated the averaged spatial distributions in total cloud cover, vertical integral... | atmospheric conditions within big telescope alt-azimuthal region and possibilities of astronomical observations |
we present accurate measurements of the total h i mass in dark matter halos of different masses at z ∼ 0, by stacking the h i spectra of entire groups from the arecibo fast legacy alfa survey. the halos are selected from the optical galaxy group catalog constructed from the sloan digital sky survey dr7 main galaxy samp... | direct measurement of the h i-halo mass relation through stacking |
we present darkness (the dark-speckle near-infrared energy-resolving superconducting spectrophotometer), the first of several planned integral field spectrographs to use optical/near-infrared microwave kinetic inductance detectors (mkids) for high-contrast imaging. the photon counting and simultaneous low-resolution sp... | darkness: a microwave kinetic inductance detector integral field spectrograph for high-contrast astronomy |
many stars host planets orbiting within a few astronomical units (au). the occurrence rate and distributions of masses and orbits vary greatly with the host star’s mass. these close planets’ origins are a mystery that motivates investigating protoplanetary disks’ central regions. a key factor governing the conditions n... | radiation hydrodynamics models of the inner rim in protoplanetary disks |
we present a detailed analysis of the composition and nucleosynthetic origins of the heavy elements in the metal-poor ([fe/h] = -1.62 ± 0.09) star hd 94028. previous studies revealed that this star is mildly enhanced in elements produced by the slow neutron-capture process (s process; e.g., [pb/fe] = +0.79 ± 0.32) and ... | the diverse origins of neutron-capture elements in the metal-poor star hd 94028: possible detection of products of i-process nucleosynthesis |
fourier-based wavefront sensors, such as the pyramid wavefront sensor (pwfs), are the current preference for high contrast imaging due to their high sensitivity. however, these wavefront sensors have intrinsic nonlinearities that constrain the range where conventional linear reconstruction methods can be used to accura... | nonlinear wavefront reconstruction with convolutional neural networks for fourier-based wavefront sensors |
the problem of anomaly detection in astronomical surveys is becoming increasingly important as data sets grow in size. we present the results of an unsupervised anomaly detection method using a wasserstein generative adversarial network (wgan) on nearly one million optical galaxy images in the hyper suprime-cam (hsc) s... | anomaly detection in hyper suprime-cam galaxy images with generative adversarial networks |
we report the direct imaging discovery of a low-mass companion to the nearby accelerating a star, hip 109427, with the subaru coronagraphic extreme adaptive optics (scexao) instrument coupled with the microwave kinetic inductance detector exoplanet camera (mec) and charis integral field spectrograph. charis data reduce... | scexao/mec and charis discovery of a low-mass, 6 au separation companion to hip 109427 using stochastic speckle discrimination and high-contrast spectroscopy |
aims: we wish to measure the cool star rotation period distribution for the pleiades-age rich open cluster ngc 2516 and use it to determine whether cluster-to-cluster variations exist in otherwise identical open clusters.methods: we obtained 42 d-long time-series ccd photometry of ngc 2516 in the v and ic filters using... | the rotation period distribution of the rich pleiades-age southern open cluster ngc 2516. existence of a representative zero-age main sequence distribution |
recent observations of the ultra-hot jupiter wasp-76b have revealed a diversity of atmospheric species. here we present new high-resolution transit spectroscopy of wasp-76b with graces at the gemini north observatory, serving as a baseline for the large and long program "exploring the diversity of exoplanet atmospheres... | detection of ionized calcium in the atmosphere of the ultra-hot jupiter wasp-76b |
knowledge of the earth's atmospheric optical turbulence is critical for astronomical instrumentation. not only does it enable performance verification and optimization of the existing systems, but it is required for the design of future instruments. as a minimum this includes integrated astro-atmospheric parameters suc... | optical turbulence profiling with stereo-scidar for vlt and elt |
optical frequency combs enable state-of-the-art applications including frequency metrology, optical clocks, astronomical measurements, and sensing. recent demonstrations of microresonator-based kerr frequency combs or microcombs pave the way to scalable and stable comb sources on a photonic chip. generating microcombs ... | efficient generation of a near-visible frequency comb via cherenkov-like radiation from a kerr microcomb |
using the newman-janis algorithm, we study certain optical behaviors of rotating quintessential black holes in einstein gauss-bonnet gravity models with a cloud of strings. concretely, we investigate the shadow behaviors in terms of one dimensional real curves. by elaborating the associated null geodesic equations of m... | shadows of rotating quintessential black holes in einstein-gauss-bonnet gravity with a cloud of strings |
by clearing neutral gas away from a young starburst, superwinds may regulate the escape of lyman continuum (lyc) photons from star-forming galaxies. however, models predict that superwinds may not launch in the most extreme, compact starbursts. we explore the role of outflows in generating low optical depths in the gre... | kinematics and optical depth in the green peas: suppressed superwinds in candidate lyc emitters |
we briefly present the science capabilities, the instruments, the operations, and the expected performance of the svom mission. svom (space-based multiband astronomical variable objects monitor) is a chinese-french space mission dedicated to the study of gamma-ray bursts (grbs) in the next decade. the svom mission enco... | the svom gamma-ray burst mission |
the ultraviolet transient astronomy satellite (ultrasat) is a space-borne near uv telescope with an unprecedented large field of view (200 deg2 ). the mission, led by the weizmann institute of science and the israel space agency in collaboration with desy (helmholtz association, germany) and nasa (usa), is fully funded... | the scientific payload of the ultraviolet transient astronomy satellite (ultrasat) |
manipulating the propagation of light through scattering media remains a major challenge for many applications, including astronomy, biomedical imaging and colloidal optics. wavefront shaping is one of the most promising ways to mitigate scattering and focus through inhomogeneous samples. however, wavefront correction ... | scattering correlations of time-gated light |
aims: we study a sample of 21 young and active solar-type stars with spectral types ranging from late f to mid k and characterize the behaviour of their activity.methods: we apply the continuous period search (cps) time series analysis method on johnson b- and v-band photometry of the sample stars, collected over a per... | activity trends in young solar-type stars |
using deep observations obtained with the advanced camera for surveys (acs) on board the hubble space telescope (hst), we demonstrate that the sub-solar stellar initial mass function (imf) of six ultra-faint dwarf milky way satellites (ufds) is more bottom light than the imf of the milky way disk. our data have a lower... | evidence of a non-universal stellar initial mass function. insights from hst optical imaging of six ultra-faint dwarf milky way satellites |
context. the submillimeter spectral domain has been extensively explored by the herschel and planck satellites and is now reachable from the ground with alma. a wealth of data, revealing cold dust thermal emission, is available for astronomical environments ranging from interstellar clouds, cold clumps, circumstellar e... | low temperature mir to submillimeter mass absorption coefficient of interstellar dust analogues. i. mg-rich glassy silicates |
the chandra archival data is a valuable resource for various studies on different x-ray astronomy topics. in this paper, we utilize this wealth of information and present a uniformly processed data set, which can be used to address a wide range of scientific questions. the data analysis procedures are applied to 10,029... | chandra acis survey of x-ray point sources: the source catalog |
the effective quantum field theory description of gravity, despite its non-renormalizability, allows for predictions beyond classical general relativity. as we enter the age of gravitational wave astronomy, an important and timely question is whether measurable quantum predictions that depart from classical gravity, an... | quantum signatures in nonlinear gravitational waves |
am canum venaticorum (am cvn) systems are ultracompact binaries where a white dwarf accretes from a helium-rich degenerate or semidegenerate donor. some am cvn systems will be among the loudest sources of gravitational waves for the upcoming laser interferometer space antenna; yet the formation channel of am cvns remai... | srgej045359.9+622444: a 55 minute period eclipsing am canum venaticorum star discovered from a joint srg/erosita + ztf search |
we present the design and performance of the growth-india telescope, a 0.7 m robotic telescope dedicated to time-domain astronomy. the telescope is equipped with a 4k back-illuminated camera that gives a 0.°82 field of view and a sensitivity of m g' ~ 20.5 in 5 minute exposures. custom software handles observatory oper... | india's first robotic eye for time-domain astrophysics: the growth-india telescope |
the pyramid wavefront sensor (pws) presents numerous advantages, such as high energy utilization, exceptional spatial resolution, and adjustability. precise calibration of the pupil's position and size in advance is essential for accurately extracting wavefront slope information from the captured pupil image by the pws... | pupil calibration for pyramid wavefront sensors based on a wavefront corrector |
giant flares, short explosive events releasing up to 10$^{47}$ erg of energy in the gamma-ray band in less than one second, are the most spectacular manifestation of magnetars, young neutron stars powered by a very strong magnetic field, 10$^{14-15}$ g in the magnetosphere and possibly higher in the star interior. the ... | a magnetar giant flare in the nearby starburst galaxy m82 |
we outline the impact of a small two-band uv-photometry satellite mission on the field of stellar physics, magnetospheres of stars, binaries, stellar clusters, interstellar matter, and exoplanets. on specific examples of different types of stars and stellar systems, we discuss particular requirements for such satellite... | science with a small two-band uv-photometry mission ii: observations of stars and stellar systems |
optical measurements that can achieve the fundamental quantum limits have the potential to improve the imaging of subdiffraction objects in important applications, including optical astronomy and fluorescence microscopy. working towards the goal of implementing such quantum-inspired measurements for real applications, ... | quantum-inspired superresolution for incoherent imaging |
the chemical composition of galaxies has been measured out to z ∼ 4. however, nearly all studies beyond z ∼ 0.7 are based on strong-line emission from h ii regions within star-forming galaxies. measuring the chemical composition of distant quiescent galaxies is extremely challenging, as the required stellar absorption ... | stellar metallicities and elemental abundance ratios of z ∼ 1.4 massive quiescent galaxies |
we present a 5 å-100 μm spectral energy distribution (sed) of the ultracool dwarf star trappist-1, obtained as part of the mega-muscles treasury survey. the sed combines ultraviolet and blue-optical spectroscopy obtained with the hubble space telescope, x-ray spectroscopy obtained with xmm-newton, and models of the ste... | the mega-muscles spectral energy distribution of trappist-1 |
neutrino transport and neutrino-matter interactions are known to play an important role in the evolution of neutron star mergers and of their post-merger remnants. neutrinos cool remnants, drive post-merger winds, and deposit energy in the low-density polar regions where relativistic jets may eventually form. neutrinos... | implementation of monte carlo transport in the general relativistic spec code |
new accurate and homogeneous optical ubvri photometry has been obtained for variable stars in the galactic globular cluster ω cen (ngc 5139). we secured 8202 ccd images covering a time interval of 24 years and a sky area of 84 × 48 arcmin. the current data were complemented with data available in the literature and pro... | on the rr lyrae stars in globulars. iv. ω centauri optical ubvri photometry |
the distribution of optical turbulence ( c n 2 profiles) is the fundamental parameter closely related to the design and application of optoelectronic systems. since systematic direct measurements of optical turbulence for many climates and seasons are not available, it is useful to estimate c n 2 effectively from the r... | estimating and measurement of atmospheric optical turbulence according to balloon-borne radiosonde for three sites in china |
the population of milky way satellite galaxies is of great interest for cosmology, fundamental physics, and astrophysics. they represent the faint end of the galaxy luminosity function, are the most dark-matter-dominated objects in the local universe, and contain the oldest and most metal-poor stellar populations. rece... | milky way satellites shining bright in gravitational waves |
the extragalactic background light (ebl), a diffuse photon field in the optical and infrared range, is a record of radiative processes over the universe’s history. spectral measurements of blazars at very high energies (>100 gev) enable the reconstruction of the spectral energy distribution (sed) of the ebl, as the ... | measurement of the extragalactic background light spectral energy distribution with veritas |
a broadband visible blue-to-red, 10 ghz repetition rate frequency comb is generated by combined spectral broadening and triple-sum frequency generation in an on-chip silicon nitride waveguide. ultra-short pulses of 150 pj pulse energy, generated via electro-optic modulation of a 1560 nm continuous-wave laser, are coupl... | visible blue-to-red 10 ghz frequency comb via on-chip triple-sum-frequency generation |
one core goal of the kepler mission was to determine the frequency of earth-like planets that orbit sun-like stars. accurately estimating this planet occurrence rate requires both a well-vetted list of planets and a clear understanding of the stars searched for planets. previous ground-based follow-up observations have... | a closer look at exoplanet occurrence rates: considering the multiplicity of stars without detected planets |
we present the discovery of the transiting exoplanets hat-p-65b and hat-p-66b, with orbital periods of 2.6055 and 2.9721 days, masses of 0.527+/- 0.083 {m}{{j}} and 0.783+/- 0.057 {m}{{j}}, and inflated radii of 1.89+/- 0.13 {r}{{j}} and {1.59}-0.10+0.16 {r}{{j}}, respectively. they orbit moderately bright (v=13.145+/-... | hat-p-65b and hat-p-66b: two transiting inflated hot jupiters and observational evidence for the reinflation of close-in giant planets |
context. the atmospheric and surface characterization of rocky planets is a key goal of exoplanet science. unfortunately, the measurements required for this are generally out of reach of present-day instrumentation. however, the planet mercury in our own solar system exhibits a large exosphere composed of atomic specie... | search for an exosphere in sodium and calcium in the transmission spectrum of exoplanet 55 cancri e |
progenitors of core-collapse supernovae (sne) can shed significant mass to circumstellar material (csm) in the months to years preceding core collapse. the ensuing sn explosion launches ejecta that may subsequently collide with this csm, producing shocks that can power emissions across the electromagnetic spectrum. in ... | optical to x-ray signatures of dense circumstellar interaction in core-collapse supernovae |
the majority of optical fiber technology developments in the applied sciences have arisen from developments in telecommunications. however, the photonic lantern is one of several devices that arose to solve problems in astronomy. interestingly, these devices are now being extensively used in multimode optical telecommu... | photonic lantern as mode multiplexer for multimode optical communications |
appropriate knowledge of wind-speed distributions and optical turbulence at existing and potential astronomical observatories is crucial for siting ground-based telescopes and applying adaptive optics (ao) systems. in this paper, the wind-speed and optical-turbulence characteristics above gaomeigu and the tibetan plate... | analysis of wind-speed profiles and optical turbulence above gaomeigu and the tibetan plateau using era5 data |
the evryscope is a telescope array designed to open a new parameter space in optical astronomy, detecting short-timescale events across extremely large sky areas simultaneously. the system consists of a 780 mpix 22-camera array with an 8150 sq. deg. field of view, 13″ per pixel sampling, and the ability to detect objec... | building the evryscope: hardware design and performance |
we derive new empirical scaling relations between wide-field infrared survey explorer (wise) mid-ir (mir) galaxy photometry and well-determined stellar masses from spectral energy distribution modeling of a suite of optical-infrared photometry provided by the data release 4 (dr4) catalog of the gama-kids-viking survey ... | a new wide-field infrared survey explorer calibration of stellar mass |
e+a galaxies are believed to be a short phase connecting major merger ultraluminous infrared galaxies (ulirgs) with red and dead elliptical galaxies. their optical spectrum suggests a massive starburst that was quenched abruptly, and their bulge-dominated morphologies with tidal tails suggest that they are merger remna... | multiphase outflows in post-starburst e+a galaxies - i. general sample properties and the prevalence of obscured starbursts |
context. quaoar is a classical trans-neptunian object (tno) with an area-equivalent diameter of 1100 km and an orbital semi-major axis of 43.3 astronomical units. based on stellar occultations observed between 2018 and 2021, an inhomogeneous ring (q1r, i.e., quaoar's first ring) has been detected around this body.aims:... | the two rings of (50000) quaoar |
detecting gravitationally lensed supernovae is among the biggest challenges in astronomy. it involves a combination of two very rare phenomena: catching the transient signal of a stellar explosion in a distant galaxy and observing it through a nearly perfectly aligned foreground galaxy that deflects light towards the o... | author correction: uncovering a population of gravitational lens galaxies with magnified standard candle sn zwicky |
spatial resolution is one of the most important specifications of an imaging system. recent results in quantum parameter estimation theory reveal that an arbitrarily small distance between two incoherent point sources can always be efficiently determined through the use of a spatial mode sorter. however, extending this... | confocal super-resolution microscopy based on a spatial mode sorter |
we explore the electromagnetic counterparts that will associate with binary-neutron-star mergers for the case that remnant massive neutron stars survive for ≳0.5 s after the merger. for this study, we employ the outflow profiles obtained by long-term general-relativistic neutrino-radiation magnetohydrodynamics simulati... | electromagnetic counterparts of binary-neutron-star mergers leading to a strongly magnetized long-lived remnant neutron star |
observations have been carried out in order to assess the optical characteristics of the bluewalker 3 spacecraft which is the prototype for a new satellite constellation. the illumination phase function has been determined and evaluated. the average visual magnitude when seen overhead at the beginning or ending of astr... | visual magnitude of the bluewalker 3 satellite |
we experimentally demonstrate an electrically triggered terahertz (thz) dual-band tunable band-pass filter based on si3n4-vo2-si3n4 sandwich-structured hybrid metamaterials. the insulator-metal phase transition of vo2 film is induced by the joule thermal effect of the top metal layer. the finite-integration-time-domain... | electrically triggered dual-band tunable terahertz metamaterial band-pass filter based on si3n4-vo2-si3n4 sandwich |
the carnegie-chicago hubble program (cchp) is building a direct path to the hubble constant (h 0) using population ii stars as the calibrator of the type ia supernova (sn ia)-based distance scale. this path to calibrate the sne ia is independent of the systematics in the traditional cepheid-based technique. in this pap... | the carnegie-chicago hubble program. vii. the distance to m101 via the optical tip of the red giant branch method |
the wide field imager (wfi) instrument for esa's next large x-ray mission athena is designed for imaging and spectroscopy over a large field of view, and high count rate observations up to and beyond 1 crab source intensity. the other focal plane instrument, the cryogenic x-ifu camera, is designed for high-spectral res... | development status of the wide field imager instrument for athena |
this white paper presents the scientific motivations for a multi-object spectrograph (mos) on the european extremely large telescope (e-elt). the mos case draws on all fields of contemporary astronomy, from extra-solar planets, to the study of the halo of the milky way and its satellites, and from resolved stellar popu... | the science case for multi-object spectroscopy on the european elt |
we obtained hubble space telescope/wide field camera 3 imaging of a sample of ten of the nearest and brightest nuclear clusters (ncs) residing in late-type spiral galaxies, in seven bands that span the near-uv to the near-ir. structural properties of the clusters were measured by fitting two-dimensional surface brightn... | the structure of nuclear star clusters in nearby late-type spiral galaxies from hubble space telescope wide field camera 3 imaging |
scientific complementary metal-oxide-semiconductor (cmos) detectors have developed quickly in recent years thanks to their low cost and high availability. they also have some advantages over charge-coupled devices (ccds), such as high frame rate or typically lower readout noise. these sensors started to be used in astr... | scientific cmos sensors in astronomy: imx455 and imx411 |
in this thesis, i explore two topics in exoplanet science. the first is the prevalence of earth-size planets in the milky way galaxy. to determine the occurrence of planets having different sizes, orbital periods, and other properties, i conducted a survey of extrasolar planets using data collected by nasa's kepler spa... | prevalence of earth-size planets orbiting sun-like stars |
the km3net research infrastructure is unconstruction in the mediterranean sea. km3net will study atmospheric and astrophysical neutrinos with two multi-purpose neutrino detectors, arca and orca, primarily aimed at gev-pev neutrinos. thanks to the multi-photomultiplier tube design of the digital optical modules, km3net ... | implementation and first results of the km3net real-time core-collapse supernova neutrino search |
in recent years, there has been a significant transformation in the field of incoherent imaging with new possibilities of compressing three-dimensional (3d) information into a two-dimensional intensity distribution without two-beam interference (tbi). most incoherent 3d imagers without tbi are based on scattering by a ... | three-dimensional incoherent imaging using spiral rotating point spread functions created by double-helix beams [invited] |
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