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this study investigates the impacts of african wildfire aerosols (primary organic carbon, black carbon and sulfate) on the northern hemispheric in january. we found that wildfire aerosols emitted from equatorial africa result in two mid-to-high latitudes atmospheric rossby wave trains. one is from subtropical atlantic ... | tropical african wildfire aerosols trigger teleconnections over mid-to-high latitudes of northern hemisphere in january |
turbulent fluxes strongly shape the conditions at the land surface, yet they are typically formulated in terms of semiempirical parameterizations that make it difficult to derive theoretical estimates of how global change impacts land surface functioning. here, we describe these turbulent fluxes as the result of a ther... | diurnal land surface energy balance partitioning estimated from the thermodynamic limit of a cold heat engine |
we estimate the aerosol direct radiative forcing (adrf) and heating rate profiles of mixed east asian dust plumes in the solar wavelength region ranging from 0.25 to 4.0 μm using the santa barbara discrete ordinate atmospheric radiative transfer (sbdart) code. vertical profiles of aerosol extinction coefficients and si... | influence of the vertical absorption profile of mixed asian dust plumes on aerosol direct radiative forcing over east asia |
the mars thermosphere holds clues to the evolution of the martian climate and has practical implications for spacecraft visiting mars, which often use it for aerobraking upon arrival, or for landers, which must pass through it. nevertheless, it has been sparsely characterized, even when past accelerometer measurements ... | mars thermospheric variability revealed by maven euvm solar occultations: structure at aphelion and perihelion and response to euv forcing |
the atmospheric circulation in venus is well known to exhibit strong super-rotation. however, the atmospheric mechanisms responsible for the formation of this super-rotation are still not fully understood. in this work, we developed a new venus general circulation model to study the most likely mechanisms driving the a... | exploring the venus global super-rotation using a comprehensive general circulation model |
we present a study on the influence of the upper atmosphere hydrodynamic escape of hydrogen, driven by the solar soft x-ray and extreme ultraviolet radiation (xuv), on an expected outgassed steam atmosphere of early venus. by assuming that the young sun was either a weak or moderately active young g star, we estimated ... | solar xuv and ena-driven water loss from early venus' steam atmosphere |
as a sustainable technology, radiative cooling has received considerable attention due to its potential in energy sustainability. unlike conventional cooling techniques, radiative cooling does not consume electricity during its operation and is therefore particularly attractive in reducing the energy demand for cooling... | radiative cooling for energy sustainability: materials, systems, and applications |
this study provides observational evidence for feedbacks that amplify the short-term hydrological response associated with the warm phase of the el niño-southern oscillation. our analyses make use of a comprehensive set of independent satellite observations collected over decades to show that much larger local changes ... | regional intensification of the tropical hydrological cycle during enso |
in this paper, the characteristics of the atmospheric boundary layer (abl) vertical structure over the north china plain (ncp) during a comprehensive observation experiment conducted during 15-21 december 2018 were investigated. observational data were obtained with a large tethered balloon, doppler wind lidar, and gro... | impacts of atmospheric boundary layer vertical structure on haze pollution observed by tethered balloon and lidar |
fully developed superrotation is reproduced for the first time in very long term simulations with a dynamical venus general circulation model (gcm) driven by a zonally averaged component of the realistic solar heating only. starting from a motionless state with temperature distribution including a low static stability ... | fully developed superrotation driven by the mean meridional circulation in a venus gcm |
this paper presents the analysis of nearly a decade of continuous aerosol observations performed at the mbour site (senegal) with sun photometer, lidar, and tapered electromagnetic oscillating microbalance. this site is influenced all year-round by desert dust and sporadically, in wintertime, by biomass burning particl... | climatology of aerosol properties and clear-sky shortwave radiative effects using lidar and sun photometer observations in the dakar site |
the vectoral wind structure of daytime atmospheric boundary layer (abl) turbulence is strongly dependent on the balance between shear-driven turbulence production of horizontal fluctuations (driven by winds at the mesoscale), and buoyancy-driven turbulence production of vertical velocity fluctuations (driven by solar h... | the surprising transition in atmospheric boundary layer turbulence structure from neutral to moderately convective stability states and mechanisms underlying large-scale rolls |
owing to the rapid increase in global energy consumption, which is currently based on fossil fuel combustion, the importance of renewable energy has become increasingly apparent. solar energy is one of the most promising candidates to replace conventional energy sources, and various types of photovoltaic devices, inclu... | electrochemically synthesized nanostructured iron carbide/carbon composite as a low-cost counter electrode for dye-sensitized solar cells |
one unique long-range transport event with multiple layers of aerosol plumes was observed over taiwan during 29-31 march 2006. a synergy of ground-based observation, remote sensing, and backward trajectory simulation collectively indicated the high-altitude (above 3 km) plume originated from biomass burning in southeas... | superposition of gobi dust and southeast asian biomass burning: the effect of multisource long-range transport on aerosol optical properties and regional meteorology modification |
most climate models simulate sea surface temperatures (ssts) that are consistently 1-4 °c warmer than observed in eastern tropical atlantic. these biases undermine seasonal prediction efforts and the credibility of climate change projections in this region. to understand what drives the seasonal cycle in upper ocean te... | seasonal mixed layer temperature balance in the southeastern tropical atlantic |
this study evaluates the ability of three operational models, with resolution varying from 2.5 to 16 km, to predict the boundary-layer turbulent processes and mesoscale variability observed during the boundary layer late-afternoon and sunset turbulence (bllast) field campaign. we analyse the representation of the verti... | boundary-layer turbulent processes and mesoscale variability represented by numerical weather prediction models during the bllast campaign |
the formation of the solar system's terrestrial planets concluded with a period of giant impacts. previous works examining the volatile loss caused by the impact shock in the moon-forming impact find atmospheric losses of at most 20-30 per cent and essentially no loss of oceans. however, giant impacts also result in th... | losing oceans: the effects of composition on the thermal component of impact-driven atmospheric loss |
east asia has some of the largest concentrations of absorbing aerosols globally, and these, along with the region's scattering aerosols, have both reduced the amount of solar radiation reaching earth's surface regionally (solar dimming) and increased shortwave absorption within the atmosphere, particularly during the p... | competing atmospheric and surface-driven impacts of absorbing aerosols on the east asian summertime climate |
the global atmospheric co2 concentration reached 147% of pre‑industrial levels in 2019, and is still increasing with an accelerated rate. a series of methods have been developed to convert co2 to other non‑greenhouse molecules. elelctrocatalytic co2 reduction reaction (co2rr) is one of the promising methods, since it c... | heterogeneous catalysts with well‑defined active metal sites toward co2 electrocatalytic reduction |
improving water efficiency in arid and semi-arid regions is an ongoing goal in agricultural production. straw mulching is one cultural practice which can be used to this point. mulch layers associated with the atmospheric condition can create a variety of water and heat flux conditions at the soil surface. this study w... | coupled heat and moisture transfer and evaporation in mulched soils |
vertical profiles of black carbon (bc) play a critical role in modifying the meteorological conditions such as temperature, planetary boundary layer height (pblh), and regional circulation, which influence surface layer concentrations of pm2.5 (particulate matter with a diameter of 2.5 µm or less; the surface layer cov... | simulated impacts of vertical distributions of black carbon aerosol on meteorology and pm2.5 concentrations in beijing during severe haze events |
this article presented a brief review of studies of the earth's ionosphere at the heights of the mesosphere and lower thermosphere by a method based on the creation of artificial periodic inhomogeneities (apis) of the ionospheric plasma by high-frequency radiation from powerful thermal installations. apis are created b... | study of the mesosphere and lower thermosphere by the method of creating artificial periodic irregularities of the ionospheric plasma |
thermal management of solar cells is of vital importance to maintain adequate electrical efficiency. lately, radiative cooling (rc) of solar cells has been researched extensively because of its passive nature and structural simplicity. however, commercial solar cells are usually encapsulated with highly emissive glass ... | enhanced radiative cooling of solar cells by integration with heat pipe |
the planetary missions including the venus climate orbiter `akatsuki' provide new information on various atmospheric phenomena. nevertheless, it is difficult to elucidate their three-dimensional structures globally and continuously only from observations because satellite observations are considerably limited in time a... | the first assimilation of akatsuki single-layer winds and its validation with venusian atmospheric waves excited by solar heating |
the use of organolead trihalide perovskite material has been an important milestone in the field of photovoltaics with power conversion efficiencies reaching up to 25.6% in 2021. the light absorbing layer of the perovskite solar cell (psc) plays a pivotal role in establishing long-term efficiency and stability. stabili... | impact of stress testing and passivation strategies on low-cost carbon-based perovskite solar cell under ambient conditions |
in this work, water vapor radiative effect (wvre) is studied by means of the santa barbara's disort radiative transfer (sbdart) model, fed with integrated water vapor (iwv) data from 20 ground-based gps stations in spain. only iwv data recorded during cloud-free days (selected using daily insolation data) were used in ... | water vapor radiative effects on short-wave radiation in spain |
we present the diurnal variations of surface-layer characteristics during spring (march-may 2013) observed near a mountain ridge at nainital (29.4°n, 79.5°e, 1926 m above mean sea level), a hill station located in the southern part of the central himalayas. during spring, this region generally witnesses fair-weather co... | time variability of surface-layer characteristics over a mountain ridge in the central himalayas during the spring season |
latent heat flux (le) and the corresponding water vapor lost from the earth's surface to the atmosphere, which is called evapotranspiration (et), is one of the key processes in the water cycle and energy balance of the global climate system. satellite remote sensing is the only feasible technique to estimate le over a ... | estimation of vegetation latent heat flux over three forest sites in chinaflux using satellite microwave vegetation water content index |
the interaction between emerging and pre-existing magnetic fields in the solar atmosphere can trigger several dynamic phenomena, such as eruptions and jets. a key element during this interaction is the formation of large-scale current sheets, and eventually their fragmentation that leads to the creation of a strongly t... | particle acceleration and heating in regions of magnetic flux emergence |
mountain lakes experience extreme interannual climate variation as well as rapidly warming air temperatures, making them ideal systems to understand lake‑climate responses. snowpack and water temperature are highly correlated in mountain lakes, but we lack a complete understanding of underlying mechanisms. motivated by... | snowpack determines relative importance of climate factors driving summer lake warming |
performance of photovoltaic (pv) panels relies on the surrounding working temperature. in hot climatic regions most of the incident solar radiation is dissipated as accumulating heat on the pv panel causing adversely affect on pv performance due to elevated temperatures. an effective cooling technique is needed in orde... | the performance of a buried heat exchanger system for pv panel cooling under elevated air temperatures |
nitrogen dc-pulse atmospheric pressure plasma jet (appj) is used to fabricate pt/zno composites as the counter electrodes (ces) of dye-sensitized solar cells (dsscs). due to the synergetic effect of the reactive plasma species and heat in nitrogen appj, the spin-coated precursors including chloroplatinic acid and zinc ... | atmospheric-pressure plasma jet processed pt/zno composites and its application as counter-electrodes for dye-sensitized solar cells |
we present midlatitude solar response and linear trend from colorado state university/utah state university na lidar nocturnal temperature observations between 1990 and 2017. along with the nightly mean temperatures (_ngt), we also use the corresponding 2-hr means centered at midnight (_2mn), resulting in vertical tren... | solar response and long-term trend of midlatitude mesopause region temperature based on 28 years (1990-2017) of na lidar observations |
prior to the mars atmospheric volatile evolution (maven) mission, altitude profiles of the electron temperature in the martian thermosphere were measured only twice. because the rates of several geophysically important processes depend strongly on the electron temperature, models of the martian thermosphere and atmosph... | martian electron temperatures in the subsolar region: maven observations compared to a one-dimensional model |
the tibetan plateau (tp) has undergone extreme changes in climatic and land surface conditions that are due to a warming climate and land-cover changes. we examined the change in vegetation dynamics from 1982 to 2015 and explored the associations of vegetation with atmospheric variables over the alpine grasslands in th... | positive associations of vegetation with temperature over the alpine grasslands in the western tibetan plateau during may |
context. over its history, the milky way has accreted several smaller satellite galaxies. these mergers added stars and gas to the galaxy and affected the properties of the pre-existing stellar populations. stellar chemical abundances and ages are needed to establish the chronological order of events that occur before,... | chronology of the chemical enrichment of the old galactic stellar populations |
residents of the kathmandu valley experience severe particulate and gaseous air pollution throughout most of the year, even during much of the rainy season. the knowledge base for understanding the air pollution in the kathmandu valley was previously very limited but is improving rapidly due to several field measuremen... | observation and analysis of spatiotemporal characteristics of surface ozone and carbon monoxide at multiple sites in the kathmandu valley, nepal |
we present a detailed study of the h3+ auroral emissions at jupiter, using data taken on 31 december 2012 with the long-slit echelle spectrometer crires (eso-vlt). from this data set the rotational temperature of the h3+ ions in jupiter's upper atmosphere was calculated using the ratio of the ν2 q(1,0-) and ν2 q(3,0-) ... | mapping h3+ temperatures in jupiter's northern auroral ionosphere using vlt-crires |
the aerosol optical properties and radiative effect under different weather conditions in harbin (126.63°e, 45.75°n) were analyzed based on ground-based sun/sky radiometric (ce-318) measurements during september 2016-april 2017. the means values of aerosol optical depth (aod500) and angstrom exponent (ae440-870) were 0... | aerosol optical properties and radiative effect under different weather conditions in harbin, china |
surface water and energy fluxes are essential components of the earth system. surface latent heat fluxes provide major energy input to the atmosphere. despite the importance of these fluxes, state-of-the-art data sets of surface energy and water fluxes largely differ. the present paper introduces a new framework for th... | high-resolution land surface fluxes from satellite and reanalysis data (holaps v1.0): evaluation and uncertainty assessment |
satellite-atmosphere interactions cause large uncertainties in low-earth orbit determination and prediction. thus, knowledge of and the ability to predict the space environment, most notably thermospheric mass density, are essential for operating satellites in this domain. recent progress has been made toward supplanti... | toward accurate physics-based specifications of neutral density using gnss-enabled small satellites |
remote sensing techniques are applied to retrieve land surface temperature (lst), radiative heat flux (rhf), geothermal heat flux (ghf), and to map hydrothermal alteration zones around the damavand stratovolcano (iran). landsat enhanced thematic mapper plus (etm +) day and nighttime images are used and merged to availa... | remote sensing of damavand volcano (iran) using landsat imagery: implications for the volcano dynamics |
profiles of the sensible heat flux are key to understanding atmospheric-boundary-layer (abl) structure and development. based on temperature profiling by a remotely-piloted aircraft system (rpas), the small unmanned meteorological observer (sumo) platform, during the boundary layer late afternoon and sunset turbulence ... | potential and limitations in estimating sensible-heat-flux profiles from consecutive temperature profiles using remotely-piloted aircraft systems |
study region. lake ikeda, japan. study focus. few previous studies on the contribution of meteorological factors to lake evaporation (e) have been conducted with comprehensive analyses of lake surface temperature (ts) under different climate scenarios. this study aimed to compute and compare the sensitivities of monthl... | potential effects of climate changes on evaporation from a temperate deep lake |
the atmospheric chemistry experiment (ace) is a satellite-based mission that probes earth's atmosphere via solar occultation. the primary instrument on board is a high-resolution infrared fourier transform spectrometer (atmospheric chemistry experiment fourier transform spectrometer, ace-fts), providing altitude-resolv... | pyrocumulonimbus stratospheric plume injections measured by the ace-fts |
a distinctive feature of the martian atmosphere is that the winter polar vortices exhibit annuli of high potential vorticity (pv) with a local minimum near the pole. these annuli are seen in observations, reanalyses, and free-running general circulation model simulations of mars, but are not generally a feature of eart... | what causes mars' annular polar vortices? |
the dynamics of the jovian magnetosphere is controlled by the interplay of the planet's fast rotation, its solar-wind interaction and its main plasma source at the io torus, mediated by coupling processes involving its magnetosphere, ionosphere, and thermosphere. at the ionospheric level, these processes can be charact... | magnetosphere-ionosphere-thermosphere coupling study at jupiter based on juno's first 30 orbits and modeling tools |
the bora wind event occurred in winter 2012 was exceptional in terms of both meteorological effects and impact on the adriatic sea circulation. it was associated with intense and persistent winds, very cold temperatures all over the mediterranean basin and heavy snowfall over the apennines slopes exposed to north-easte... | exceptional bora outbreak in winter 2012: validation and analysis of high-resolution atmospheric model simulations in the northern adriatic area |
harvesting water from air is a promising strategy for fresh‑water production, and it is particularly desirable for areas that lack direct access to clean water. while high‑concentration liquid sorbent is well‑known for high sorption, it has not been widely used for atmospheric water collection, being primarily limited ... | an interfacial solar heating assisted liquid sorbent atmospheric water generator |
on 21 august 2017, a solar eclipse occurred over the continental united states resulting in a rapid reduction and subsequent increase of solar radiation over a large region of the country. the eclipse's effect on the land-atmosphere system is documented in unprecedented detail using a unique array of sensors deployed a... | response of the land-atmosphere system over north-central oklahoma during the 2017 eclipse |
hubble space telescope (hst) observations of the martian hydrogen exosphere in lyman α are presented in this paper for a period when mars passed perihelion and southern summer solstice in its orbit. the peak intensity in the exospheric lyman α brightness was recorded after mars went past its perihelion, slightly after ... | seasonal changes in hydrogen escape from mars through analysis of hst observations of the martian exosphere near perihelion |
the description of the interior structure and evolution of the solar system giant planets continues to be a serious challenge. the most prominent example is saturn for which simple homogeneous evolution models yield ages between 2 and 3 billion years (gyr), i.e. much shorter than the age of the solar system of τ⊙ = 4.5... | h/he demixing and the cooling behavior of saturn |
the evolution of many close binary and multiple star systems is defined by phases of mass exchange and interaction. as these systems evolve into contact, tidal dissipation is not always sufficient to bring them into circular, synchronous orbits. in these cases, encounters of increasing strength occur while the orbit re... | tidal wave breaking in the eccentric lead-in to mass transfer and common envelope phases |
large-scale photovoltaic solar farms envisioned over the sahara desert can meet the world's energy demand while increasing regional rainfall and vegetation cover. however, adverse remote effects resulting from atmospheric teleconnections could offset such regional benefits. we use state-of-the-art earth-system model si... | impacts of large-scale sahara solar farms on global climate and vegetation cover |
to better predict and understand land–atmospheric interactions in the tibetan plateau (tp), we used moderate resolution imaging spectroradiometer (modis)-based land-use data and the modis-derived green vegetation fraction (gvf) to analyze the variation trend over the tp. the in situ observations from six flux stations ... | analysis of surface energy changes over different underlying surfaces based on modis land-use data and green vegetation fraction over the tibetan plateau |
effects of an aerosol layer on warm cumulus clouds in the korean peninsula when the layer is above or around the cloud tops in the free atmosphere are compared to effects when the layer is around or below the cloud bases in the planetary boundary layer (pbl). for this comparison, simulations are performed using the lar... | impacts of an aerosol layer on a midlatitude continental system of cumulus clouds: how do these impacts depend on the vertical location of the aerosol layer? |
for the reduction of atmospheric effects, observed gravity has initially been corrected by using the computed barometric admittance k of the in situ measured pressure, expressed in nms-2/hpa units and estimated by least squares method. however, the local pressure changes alone cannot account for the atmospheric mass at... | the influence of pressure waves in tidal gravity records |
the aim of the work is to assess the effect of solar radiation on heat inflows through the fences of the bodies of refrigerated cars and containers during the period of solar activity in the climatic conditions of the republic of uzbekistan in the summer months. analytical calculations of the magnitude of solar radiati... | influence of solar radiation on heat flows of refrigerated wagons and containers |
by using the observational and reanalysis datasets during the period of 1979-2018, the role of the thermal effect of the tibetan plateau (tp) and artic oscillation (ao) in the midsummer (july-august) extreme high-temperature events (ehes) over the yangtze river valley (yrv) is investigated. the primary mode of the ehes... | changes in the midsummer extreme high-temperature events over the yangtze river valley associated with the thermal effect of the tibetan plateau and arctic oscillation |
the longitudinal distribution of upper atmospheric density has been broadly studied. however, the studies mostly focused on 24 h averaged distribution. this study presents the longitudinal distribution of thermospheric density at dawn and dusk, using observations collected by the atmospheric density detector onboard th... | longitudinal variation of thermospheric density during low solar activity from apod observations |
this paper investigates frequently occurring foehn in the dead sea valley. for the first time, sophisticated, high-resolution measurements were performed to investigate the horizontal and vertical flow field. in up to 72 % of the days in summer, foehn was observed at the eastern slope of the judean mountains around sun... | characteristics and evolution of diurnal foehn events in the dead sea valley |
incorporation of momentum gradients produced due to inertial motion of the lid along with the presence of temperature differences in the configuration make the physical problem more significant. the joint variation of momentum and thermal diffusion in diversified natural liquids is recognized as mixed convection. valua... | mixed convective heat transfer in a power-law fluid in a square enclosure: higher order finite element solutions |
throughout the western us snow melted at an alarming rate in april 2021 and by may 1, hydrologic conditions were severely degraded with declining summer water supply forecasts compared to earlier in the winter. the objectives of this study are to (a) quantify the magnitude and climatological context of observed melt ra... | spring heat waves drive record western united states snow melt in 2021 |
we present nscouette, a highly scalable software tool to solve the navier-stokes equations for incompressible fluid flow between differentially heated and independently rotating, concentric cylinders. it is based on a pseudospectral spatial discretization and dynamic time-stepping. it is implemented in modern fortran w... | nscouette - a high-performance code for direct numerical simulations of turbulent taylor-couette flow |
we present an analysis of voyager-1-iris and cassini-cirs spectra of jupiter's high latitudes acquired during the spacecrafts' respective flybys in november 1979 and january 2001. we performed a forward-model analysis in order to derive the abundances of ethylene (c2h4), methylacetylene (ch3c2h), diacetylene (c4h2) and... | jupiter's auroral-related stratospheric heating and chemistry iii: abundances of c2h4, ch3c2h, c4h2 and c6h6 from voyager-iris and cassini-cirs |
the magnitude of solar radiative effects (cooling or warming) of black carbon (bc) particles embedded in the arctic atmosphere and surface snow layer was explored on the basis of case studies. for this purpose, combined atmospheric and snow radiative transfer simulations were performed for cloudless and cloudy conditio... | combining atmospheric and snow radiative transfer models to assess the solar radiative effects of black carbon in the arctic |
dust significantly influences the radiation budget by absorbing and scattering solar radiation, changing the heating/cooling rates, and reducing radiation incoming to change the atmospheric thermal and dynamics conditions, this subsequently affects the accuracy of weather forecasting itself. however, the currently oper... | impact of dust radiation effect on simulations of temperature and wind - a case study in taklimakan desert |
the response of the mesospheric migrating diurnal (dw1) tide to the madden-julian oscillation (mjo) is investigated for the first time using a simulation from the specified-dynamic whole atmosphere community climate model (sd-waccm), which is driven by reanalysis data. analysis shows that a significant connection exist... | the effect of the madden-julian oscillation on the mesospheric migrating diurnal tide: a study using sd-waccm |
this paper investigates nonmigrating tides from the ground to the lower mesosphere using data from a high-resolution general circulation model (kanto gcm), as well as observational data from the sounding of the atmosphere using broadband emission radiometry instrument on board the thermosphere-ionosphere-mesosphere ene... | three-dimensional structures of tropical nonmigrating tides in a high-vertical-resolution general circulation model |
the interaction between the incoming winds and high mountainous islands produces a wind-sheltered area on the leeward side, known as the atmospheric wake. in addition to weaker winds, the wake is also characterized by a clearing of clouds, resulting in intense solar radiation reaching the sea surface. as a consequence,... | ?convection and heat transfer in island (warm) wakes |
recent high-resolution observations from the interface region imaging spectrograph reveal bright wall-shaped structures in active regions (ars), especially above sunspot light bridges. their most prominent feature is the bright oscillating front in the 1400/1330 å channel. these structures are named light walls and are... | simultaneous observations of p-mode light walls and magnetic reconnection ejections above sunspot light bridges |
row crops such as grapevine are particularly vulnerable to heat stress under hot and dry conditions due to the combined effect of soil heat fluxes and of limited capacity for leaf/canopy evaporative cooling via transpiration. therefore, a better understanding of grapevine responses to variations in air and soil tempera... | canopy and soil thermal patterns to support water and heat stress management in vineyards |
we consider the possibility of creating artificial clouds similar to pyro clouds formed in nature over large forest and other fires. it is assumed that the creation of an artificial surface aerosol layer that absorbs solar radiation can lead to the heating of local air volumes and initiate thermal convection. the possi... | study of the possibility of stimulating cloud convection by solar radiation energy absorbed in an artificial aerosol layer |
freshwater scarcity is a global threat to modern era of human society. sorption-based atmospheric water harvesting (awh) is prospective to provide fresh water for remote water-stressed areas lacking in water and electricity. adsorbent material plays a vital role in such awh systems. here, we report a solid adsorbent sy... | performance characterization and application of composite adsorbent licl@acff for moisture harvesting |
photoelectrons are important for heating, ionization, and airglow production in planetary atmospheres. measured electron fluxes provide insight into the sources and sinks of energy in the martian upper atmosphere. the solar wind electron analyzer instrument on board the maven (mars atmosphere and volatile evolution) sp... | model insights into energetic photoelectrons measured at mars by maven |
orbital forcing exerts a strong influence on global monsoon systems, with higher summer insolation leading to stronger summer monsoons in the northern hemisphere. however, the associated regional and seasonal changes, particularly the interaction between regional monsoon systems, remain unclear. simulations using the c... | orbital control of the western north pacific summer monsoon |
following sun et al. (j atmos sci 69(1):338-351, 2012), vertical variations of turbulent mixing in stably stratified and neutral environments as functions of wind speed are investigated using the large-eddy simulation capability in the weather research and forecasting model. the simulations with a surface cooling rate ... | exploring vertical turbulence structure in neutrally and stably stratified flows using the weather research and forecasting-large-eddy simulation (wrf-les) model |
the aerosol radiative effect (are) is one of the atmospheric components still affected by large uncertainty. one of the causes is related to the fact that the longwave (lw) component is usually neglected, even though it is necessary for an accurate quantification of the are together with the shortwave component (sw). i... | evaluation of the vertically-resolved aerosol radiative effect on shortwave and longwave ranges using sun-sky photometer and ceilometer measurements |
regional land surface albedo, land surface temperature, net radiation flux, ground heat flux, sensible heat flux, and latent heat flux were derived in the mt. everest area utilizing topographical enhanced surface energy balance system (tesebs) model and nine scenes of aster (advanced spaceborne thermal emission and ref... | estimates of land surface heat fluxes of the mt. everest region over the tibetan plateau utilizing aster data |
aerosols at the top of the planetary boundary layer (pbl) could modify its atmospheric dynamics by redistributing the solar radiation and start to be activated to form low-level cloud at this layer. black carbon (bc), as an aerosol component efficiently absorbing solar radiation, can introduce heating and positive radi... | optical and hygroscopic properties of black carbon influenced by particle microphysics at the top of the anthropogenically polluted boundary layer |
methane (ch4) fluxes in a mediterranean holm oak (quercus ilex l.) forest were measured over 19 months, using eddy covariance technique and soil chambers measurements, complemented by microbiological characterization of ch4-cycling microorganisms along a vertical soil profile. ch4 budget at the site was close to the ne... | environmental and biological controls on ch4 exchange over an evergreen mediterranean forest |
we present a new radiation scheme for the oxford planetary unified model system for venus, suitable for the solar and thermal bands. this new and fast radiative parameterization uses a different approach in the two main radiative wavelength bands: solar radiation (0.1 - 5.5 μm) and thermal radiation (1.7 - 260 μm). the... | a new, fast and flexible radiative transfer method for venus general circulation models |
emitting heat to space is a passive, dry, and solid-state cooling approach with potential applications in thermal management of buildings, solar cells, and vehicles. emitting in the 8-13 μm atmospheric window while preventing heat from reaching the cold emitter is important to the performance. here, we investigate the ... | optical and thermal filtering nanoporous materials for sub-ambient radiative cooling |
the dynamics of the jovian magnetosphere are controlled by the interplay of the planet's fast rotation, its main iogenic plasma source and its interaction with the solar wind. magnetosphere-ionosphere-thermosphere (mit) coupling processes controlling this interplay are significantly different from their earth and satur... | a preliminary study of magnetosphere-ionosphere-thermosphere coupling at jupiter: juno multi-instrument measurements and modeling tools |
sao 244567 is a rare example of a star that allows us to witness stellar evolution in real time. between 1971 and 1990, it changed from a b-type star into the hot central star of the stingray nebula. this observed rapid heating has been a mystery for decades, since it is in strong contradiction with the low mass of the... | breaking news from the hst: the central star of the stingray nebula is now returning towards the agb |
in binaries composed of either early-type stars or white dwarfs, the dominant tidal process involves the excitation of internal gravity waves (igws), which propagate towards the stellar surface, and their dissipation via non-linear wave breaking. we perform 2d hydrodynamical simulations of this wave breaking process in... | physics of tidal dissipation in early-type stars and white dwarfs: hydrodynamical simulations of internal gravity wave breaking in stellar envelopes |
recent high-resolution numerical simulations have shown that the diurnal variability in the atmospheric forcing strongly affects the dynamics, stability, and turbulence of submesoscale structures in the surface boundary layer (sbl). field observations supporting the real-ocean relevance of these studies are, however, l... | diurnal variability of frontal dynamics, instability, and turbulence in a submesoscale upwelling filament |
a 2000 year simulation forced by the external forcings of the last two millennia is carried out with the community earth system model. we compare climate changes over china between the peak sui-tang warm period (sui-tangwp; 650-700 a.d.) and song-yuan warm period (song-yuanwp; 950-1000 a.d.), which were two key cultura... | simulated warm periods of climate over china during the last two millennia: the sui-tang warm period versus the song-yuan warm period |
aerosol direct radiative effect (dre) in india is mostly reported for the clear sky conditions. here, we quantify the modulation of aerosol dre in the presence of clouds using 2 years (2007-2008) of measured aerosol chemical composition data at megacity delhi in the indo-gangetic basin. mean (± 1 σ) seasonal top-of-the... | suppression of aerosol-induced atmospheric warming by clouds in the indo-gangetic basin, northern india |
this study focuses on daytime low-level clouds (llcs) that occur within the first 2 km of the atmosphere over west africa (wa). these daytime llcs play a major role in the earth's radiative balance, yet their understanding is still relatively low in wa. we use the state-of-the-art era5 dataset to understand their occur... | daytime low-level clouds in west africa - occurrence, associated drivers, and shortwave radiation attenuation |
theoretical models of the earth's atmosphere adhere to an underlying concept of flow driven by radiative transfer and the nature of the surface over which the flow is taking place: heat from the sun and/or anthropogenic sources are the sole sources of energy driving atmospheric constituent transport. however, another s... | vehicle-induced turbulence and atmospheric pollution |
summertime bottom water hypoxia has been a recurring water quality issue in green bay for decades. evidence suggests that the magnitude and duration of hypoxia is highly variable from year to year, despite the fact that nutrient loading has been relatively constant for at least 20 years. the bay's size, orientation, an... | the role of circulation and heat fluxes in the formation of stratification leading to hypoxia in green bay, lake michigan |
springtime atmospheric preconditioning of arctic sea ice for enhanced or buffered sea ice melt during the subsequent melt year has received considerable research focus. studies have identified enhanced poleward atmospheric transport of moisture and heat during spring, leading to increased emission of longwave radiation... | spring arctic atmospheric preconditioning: do not rule out shortwave radiation just yet |
the tropical overturning circulation over the central-east pacific not only extends through the troposphere but also includes a shallow component outflowing from the itcz near the planetary boundary layer (pbl) top, the shallow meridional circulation (smc). idealized simulations with the weather research and forecastin... | radiative driving of shallow return flows from the itcz |
a detailed one-dimensional analysis of the energy balance in venus atmosphere is proposed in this work, based on the net exchange rate formalism that allows the identification in each altitude region of the dominant energy exchanges controlling the temperature. well-known parameters that control the temperature profile... | analysis of the radiative budget of the venusian atmosphere based on infrared net exchange rate formalism |
we use unmanned aerial vehicles to interrogate the surface layer processes during a solar eclipse and gain a comprehensive look at the changes made to the atmospheric surface layer as a result of the rapid change of insolation. measurements of the atmospheric surface layer structure made by the unmanned systems are con... | unmanned aerial vehicles reveal the impact of a total solar eclipse on the atmospheric surface layer |
impacts of anthropogenic aerosols in china on autumn precipitation over southwest china were investigated using version 5.1 of the community atmosphere model. simulations with and without anthropogenic aerosol emissions were compared to examine the effects of anthropogenic aerosols on surface air temperature and precip... | reduction in autumn precipitation over southwest china by anthropogenic aerosol emissions from eastern china |
severe surface ozone (o3) pollution frequently occurred in north china and obviously damages human health and ecosystems. the meteorological conditions effectively modulate the variations in o3 pollution. in this study, the interannual relationship between o3-related meteorology and late-spring snow cover in west siber... | decadal changes of connections among late-spring snow cover in west siberia, summer eurasia teleconnection and o3-related meteorology in north china |
glacial-interglacial cycles are often described as an amplified global response of the climate to perturbations in solar radiation caused by oscillations of earth's orbit. however, it remains unclear whether internal feedbacks are large enough to account for the radically different glacial and interglacial states. here... | linking glacial-interglacial states to multiple equilibria of climate |
proposals to geoengineer earth's climate by cirrus cloud thinning (cct) potentially offer advantages over solar radiation management schemes: amplified cooling of the arctic and smaller perturbations to global mean precipitation in particular. using an idealized climate model implementation of cct in which ice particle... | an intensified hydrological cycle in the simulation of geoengineering by cirrus cloud thinning using ice crystal fall speed changes |
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