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this paper shall discuss the results of progress made towards the manufacturing of large space optics and lasercom telescopes conducted on two highly competed nasa phase ii projects. mirror substrates were made using patent pending nanoceramic composite silicon carbide (sic) materials via novel processes. nasa phase ii... | the results of goodman technologies nasa phase ii sbirs for additive manufacturing of mirrors and telescopes |
the past decade has seen a revolution in the study of exoplanetary atmospheres. in just a few years we have gone from detecting atmospheric spectral features in hot jupiters to observing much smaller planets. in the next few years we will be studying super-earths and hot neptunes around nearby bright stars, while learn... | exoplanet characterization with hst - unique role of hst in the era of jwst and ground-based exoplanet characterization |
observational constraints of planet formation theories and planetary habitability require techniques that can directly determine thermal structure, metallicity, and c/o ratio in exoplanet atmospheres. treating exoplanet systems as spectroscopic binaries offers a promising avenue for these characterizations. we present ... | understanding the limits of high-resolution cross-correlation spectroscopy of exoplanets |
m dwarf stars have emerged as ideal targets for exoplanet observations. their small radii aids planetary discovery, their close-in habitable zones allow short observing campaigns, and their red spectra provide opportunities for transit spectroscopy with jwst. the potential of m dwarfs has been underlined by the discove... | the mega-muscles treasury survey: status and new discoveries |
k2-18 b is a temperate sub-neptune orbiting in the habitable zone of a nearby m star. recent analysis of hst transit observations revealed the presence of water vapour and potentially water clouds. k2-18b is a unique opportunity to characterize the physics, chemistry and dynamics of temperate low-mass exoplanets.we pre... | formation and dynamics of water clouds on k2-18 b |
motivation: early during their formation the planets capture an amount of atmosphere from the protoplanetary disk (ikoma et al. 2018, odert et al. 2018, lammer et al. 2020, kimura and ikoma 2020). an additional proportion of their atmosphere is provided during the magma ocean stage by interior degassing. the latter mec... | characteristics of an hybrid atmosphere with disk-captured and degassing contributions over a rocky planet's magma ocean. a modeling approach. |
exoplanet missions uncover a new type of planet that is water-rich and the ocean depth can reach tens of to hundreds of kilo-meters with no exposed continent. in this study, we investigate the features of wind-driven ocean circulation on water-rich planets, using the global ocean model mitgcm. due to the lack of contin... | wind-driven ocean circulation on water-rich exoplanets |
assessing the complete history of the high energy radiation environment around m stars is crucial for understanding the location and evolution of the habitable zone. elevated x-ray, far-, and near-ultraviolet emission for the first several hundred million years, as planets are forming their atmospheres, has been well e... | the lifetime evolution of the extreme ultraviolet environment of m stars |
the habitable exoplanet imaging mission (habex) is one of the four large mission concepts being studied by nasa as input to the upcoming 2020 decadal survey. the mission implements two world-class general astrophysics instruments as part of its complement of instrumentation to enable compelling science using the 4m ape... | the habex uvs science program |
chemical disequilibrium of a planetary atmosphere has long been suggested as a potentially key indicator for the presence of life1. as we move forward into the era of exoplanet characterization, our ability to remotely detect and quantify chemical disequilibrium for potentially earth-like exoplanets will be critical to... | quantifying chemical disequilibrium biosignatures in analogs for earth-like exoplanet atmospheres |
water thermodynamics is complex, especially at high pressures where compressed liquid water behaves anomalously and a multitude of high pressure ice polymorphs exist. previous models of planetary hydrospheres have relied on simplified parameterizations of thermodynamic properties such as density, phase transitions, and... | hydrosphere: an open source code to model the structure and thermodynamic equilibria of water dominated planetary shells. |
the purpose of nasa small business innovation research (sbir) topic s2.02 precision deployable optical structures and metrology is to develop enabling, cost effective component and subsystem technology for deploying large aperture telescopes. referencing the 2017 cosmic origins (cor) program annual technology report (p... | near-zero cte 3d-printed robosic deployable truss core structures with active precision adjustment |
we present new swift observations of two m dwarfs with known exoplanets: gj 15a and gj 674. gj 15a b is around 5.3 earth masses with an 11.4 day orbital period, while gj 674 is around 11.1 earth masses with a 4.7 day orbital period. gj 15a was observed several times in late 2014 and then monitored at approximately week... | swift x-ray monitoring of m dwarf coronal variability |
the stellar magnetic field completely dominates the environment around late-type stars. it is responsible for generating the coronal high-energy radiation (extreme ultra-violet and x-ray photons), the structure and strength of stellar winds, as well as for driving transient phenomena such as flares, coronal mass ejecti... | home: habitability of magnetized environments |
gphoton is a time-tagged database of more than one trillion calibrated ultraviolet photon events from the ten-year galex mission. with the open-source gphoton software, users can construct images and light curves at user-defined temporal and spatial scales. we have been working on a project to detect stellar flares on ... | completeness and bias tests of small flares in gphoton m dwarfs |
we present an analysis of starspot modulation and flares in the tess lightcurves of 112 m dwarfs with a tess magnitude (\leq 11.5) that are listed in the tess habitable zone star catalog (hzcat, kaltenegger et al. 2019). our sample is of particular interest since it comprises stars in the hzcat with sufficiently long t... | rotation and flares of m dwarfs with habitable zones accessible to tess |
we propose a new synergic strategy that merges the potential of asteroseismology with solar space climate techniques in order to characterize solar-like stars and their interaction with hosted exoplanets. the method is based on the use of seismic data obtained by the space missions kepler/k2 or tess transiting exoplane... | on the study of the habitability conditions by merging asteroseismic and space climate techniques |
toi-3757 was observed using habitable-zone planet finder (hpf) starting 2021 september 1. hpf is a near-infrared (8080-12780å), high-resolution fiber-fed precision radial velocity (rv) spectrograph with exceptional environmental stability located at the 10m hobby-eberly telescope (het) at mcdonald observatory, texas. w... | vizier online data catalog: radial velocity and photometric flux of toi-3757 (kanodia+, 2022) |
the habitable-exoplanet imaging mission (habex) engineering study team has been tasked by nasa with developing a compelling and feasible exoplanet direct imaging concept as part of the 2020 decadal survey. this paper summarizes design concepts for two off-axis unobscured telescope concepts: a 4-meter monolithic apertur... | habex optical telescope concepts: design and performance analysis |
in the last decade, laser frequency combs (lfcs) have been established as the ideal wavelength calibration source for high-resolution, high-precision astronomical spectroscopy. lfcs provide a dense train of equally spaced and extremely narrow lines which frequencies are directly linked to the fundamental time reference... | bluves: a blue laser frequency comb for vlt/espresso |
abundant potentially habitable synchronously exoplanets have been observed around m dwarfs. lots of attention has thus been paid to the climate and habitability of such planets. many studies assumed that these exoplanets were covered by oceans, i.e., aquaplanets, only a few of them investigated the influence of a conti... | the effect of continental location on climate of synchronously rotating exoplanets |
the galaxy is too vast to initially explore each point in detail in the search for life. it is necessary to concentrate our efforts and attention in the most promising places. in addition, there appear to be not many models attempting to evaluate the habitability of a planet considering the system as a whole, similarly... | habitabilidade na via-láctea em várias escalas |
the discovery of the ubiquity of habitable extrasolar planets, combined with revolutionary advances in instrumentation and observational capabilities, have ushered in a renaissance in the millenia-old quest to answer our most profound question about the universe and our place within it - are we alone? the breakthrough ... | astrobiology and the search for intelligent life in the 2020s |
probing the interior of exoplanets with known masses and radii is possible via the use of models of internal structure. here we present a model able to handle various planetary compositions, from terrestrial bodies to ocean worlds or carbon-rich planets, and its application to the case of corot-7b. using the elemental ... | modeling of exoplanets interiors in the framework of future space missions |
the universe evolved from a hot dense lifeless state to one capable of sustaining life as we know it. complex life survives on earth and presumably elsewhere throughout the universe. did life precipitate at many places at once, like a universal phase transition or not? generally, the habitability of exoplanets has impr... | the dawn of habitable conditions for complex life in the universe |
stellar near-ultraviolet (nuv, 1700-3200 å) emission is a key contributor to the evolution of exoplanet atmospheres, and therefore helps determine the habitability of those planets. due to its proximity and the availability of complementary data for many of its members, the hyades, a ≈700-myr-old open cluster, is a nat... | exploring the dependence of near-uv emission on rotation in low-mass stars with hst spectroscopy of the hyades |
there is no confirmed exomoon discovery up to date, and a possible explanation for this is the lower probability of stable moon orbits around close-in planets which are often easier to observe (barnes & o'brien 2002). we provide a target list for observations listing known exoplanets which might host habitable moon... | a target list for observing habitable exomoons |
stellar x-ray and uv emission play important roles in the structure and evolution of exoplanet atmospheres. x-ray and euv radiation at wavelengths shortward of 912 a plays a major role in thermospheric heating and erosion of planetary atmospheres, while fuv/nuv radiation controls the atmospheric chemistry via molecular... | coronal x-ray emission from the muscles/megamuscles sample of nearby, low-mass, exoplanet host stars |
the newly commissioned james webb space telescope (jwst) offers the first opportunity to characterize the transmission spectrum of rocky habitable-zone exoplanets with sufficient precision to identify the molecular constituents within their secondary atmospheres. the rocky exo-earth trappist-1g is particularly well-sui... | jwst/nirspec transmission spectroscopy of the habitable-zone exo-earth trappist-1g |
we are developing a high-resolution near-infrared spectrograph for exoplanet searches with telescopes in suther- land, south africa; the south africa near-infrared doppler (sand) instrument. it covers the z- and y -bands (0.83-1.10 µm) simultaneously with a maximum spectral resolution of 55, 000. this specification ena... | the south africa near-infrared doppler (sand) instrument: concept and instrument design |
contemporary studies of exoplanet habitability often use white-light measurements to estimate the ultraviolet (uv) effects of stellar flares, often by assuming a 9000k blackbody for the bolometric flare spectrum. we have combined tess and archival galex photometry to test the uv predictions of white-light flare rates u... | the disconnect between uv and white-light flares in low-mass stars |
the plato mission (planetary transits and oscillations of stars, hereafter abbreviated as plato) has been selected as part of esa's cosmic vision 2015-2025 program for the m3 mission launch foreseen in 2026. the main science goal of plato is to detect and characterize extrasolar planets, including terrestrial planets i... | plato performance |
the recent discovery of an earth-sized planet (toi-700 d) in the habitable zone of an early-type m-dwarf by the transiting exoplanet survey satellite constitutes an important advance. in this letter, we assess the feasibility of this planet to retain an atmosphere - one of the chief ingredients for surface habitability... | atmospheric escape from toi-700 d: venus versus earth analogs |
plato is an exoplanet hunting mission of the european space agency. it is a medium-class mission, with a launch foreseen in 2026. its prime objective is to uncover earth-sized planets residing in their habitable zone. the payload consists in 26 cameras with a very wide field of view. these cameras consist in a telescop... | alignment and integration of the first plato camera |
the objective of this project is to carry out an analysis of planetary systems, which orbit orange dwarf stars by means of computational modeling, and to build a database with possible candidates for terrestrial exoplanets in the habitability zone. | study of the formation of terrestrial exoplanets in the habitability zone of orange dwarf stars: superhabitable worlds |
efforts to discover and characterize habitable zone planets have primarily focused on sun-like stars and m dwarfs. yet the intermediate k stars provide an appealing compromise between these two extremes that has been relatively unexplored. compared to solar-type stars, k stars are more abundant, maintain longer main-se... | the ultraviolet imperative for assessing the habitability of planets orbiting k stars |
how small can a planet be and still retain all the necessary elements deemed vital to develop and sustain life? we aim to answer this both through 3d modeling and empirically through a statistical analysis of exoplanets in the sub-earth size regime. | exploring the lower planet size boundary of planetary habitability |
a planet's climate can be strongly affected by its orbital eccentricity due to variations in incident stellar flux. eccentric exoplanets within or near the habitable zone can possibly harbor life if the temperature changes are not too drastic. we build a time-dependent energy balance model to resolve the temperature ev... | determine inner edge of habitable zone for eccentric exoplanets |
upcoming telescopes such as the james webb space telescope (jwst), the european extremely large telescope (e-elt), the thirty meter telescope (tmt) or the giant magellan telescope (gmt) may soon be able to characterize, through transmission, emission or reflection spectroscopy, the atmospheres of rocky exoplanets orbit... | trappist-1 habitable atmosphere intercomparison (thai) |
accurate ages provide essential constraints on questions ranging from exoplanet habitability to the galaxy's chemical evolution. gyrochronology, an empirical relation between rotation and age, is potentially one of the best ways to determine stellar ages. we present the rotational characteristics of a sample of almost ... | rotation among tess-selected wide non-interacting binaries |
m dwarf stars have emerged as ideal targets for exoplanet observations. their small radii aids planetary discovery, their close-in habitable zones allow short observing campaigns, and their red spectra provide opportunities for transit spectroscopy with jwst. the potential of m dwarfs has been underlined by the discove... | measurements of the ultraviolet spectral characteristics of low-mass exoplanetary systems (mega- muscles) |
it is essential to determine atmospheric dynamics of exoplanets in order to gain a complete understanding of their characteristics, such as their chemical composition, radiative transfer processes, and, eventually, their habitability. one of the main observables used to study an exoplanet atmosphere is its transmission... | using transmission spectroscopy to determine the rotation rate of hd 189733b |
the advancement of observation technologies provide candidates for potentially habitable exoplanets where liquid water could stably exist on their surface. the habitability of exoplanets has been actively discussed based on the concept of the habitable zone using one-dimensional radiative-convective models. recent stud... | climates of habitable planets |
exoplanet detection with precise radial velocity (rv) observations is currently limited by spurious rv signals introduced by stellar activity (i.e. faculae, starspots). here we show that machine learning techniques such as linear regression and neural networks can significantly remove the activity signals (primarily st... | identifying exoplanets with deep learning. iv. removing stellar activity signals from radial velocity measurements using neural networks |
we are identifying those gas giant exoplanet systems with the potential to sustain habitable exomoons. | habitable moons around gas giant exoplanets |
plato is an exoplanet hunting mission from the european space agency. it is a medium-class mission, with a launch foreseen in 2026. its prime objective is to uncover earth-sized planets residing in the habitable zone of their host star. the payload consists of 26 cameras with a very wide field-of-view. while the operat... | on the optical alignment of the plato cameras |
the spectral and temporal behavior of exoplanet host stars is a critical input to models of the chemistry and evolution of planetary atmospheres. high-energy photons (x-ray to near-uv; 5 - 3200 ang) from these stars regulate the atmospheric temperature profiles and photochemistry on orbiting planets, influencing the pr... | the muscles treasury survey: temporally- and spectrally-resolved irradiance from low-mass exoplanet host stars |
the transiting exoplanet survey satellite (tess) has so far discovered a multitude of potentially habitable planet candidates. the next step in confirming the habitability of these exoplanets will be spectroscopic observations by the next generation of telescopes. in an effort to prioritize candidates for these observa... | probability of earth similarity for the current tess planet candidates |
the gmt-consortium large earth finder (g-clef) is a fiber-fed, optical echelle spectrograph that will be a first light instrument for the giant magellan telescope (gmt). g-clef is a general-purpose echelle spectrograph with precision radial velocity (prv) capability. the radial velocity (rv) precision goal of g-clef is... | the opto-mechanical design of the gmt-consortium large earth finder (g-clef) spectrograph adapted for the magellan telescope |
we have modeled the possible interior structures of habitable zone rocky exoplanets based on their masses and radii. in our model, the planetary interior is divided into four layers: iron core, rocky mantle, high pressure ice and water / ice. in order to assess the habitability of these planets, we have estimated the m... | modeling the interiors of rocky exoplanets in the habitable zone |
with thousands of exoplanets discovered orbiting nearby stars, the community anticipates that next-generation telescopes will have the capability to detect a few habitable planets and possibly find signs of life via biosignature gases in the atmosphere. we propose that life on another world could produce a large variet... | spectra for small volatile molecules for potential exoplanet biosignature gases |
the rotation of cool stars fuels magnetic fields on their surface that are observable in x-rays. these fields produce magnetized winds which are accountable for the spin-down of stars, referred to as magnetic braking. observations of open clusters have revealed a bimodal distribution of rotation periods that challenged... | simulating the stellar galactic x-ray emission of cool stars for exoplanet habitability |
we propose to continue our apra program to optimize the development of a high resolution energetic x-ray imager (hrexi) with a new generation of cdznte (czt) detectors, each read out by nustar asics (nuasics) with through silicon vias (tsvs) rather than fragile wire bonds (wbs). we have designed and built an optimal cl... | development of a through silicon via (tsv)-enabled hrexi detector module (hdm) |
at the edge of our present scientific frontier lies the question: "can we identify the signs of life on an exoplanet?". establishing whether a planet is habitable, or inhabited, relies both on the detection of potential biosignature gases and, crucially, the interpretation of their presence. beyond the most discussed b... | phosphine and the importance of unusual biosignatures |
one of the most compelling questions for exoplanets located within the potential habitable zone of their host star is whether they are able to retain an atmosphere. the primary approach that has been taken to answer this question is to determine how much of the atmosphere, with a particular focus on water, can be lost ... | atmospheric evolution of exoplanets around m dwarfs |
from the kepler mission, we learned that small terrestrial planets 一 categorized as super-earths (~1-1.6 r⊕) and sub-neptunes (~2-3 r⊕) 一 are more abundant than large gas planets. yet, our own solar system lacks planets of such size. thus, it is of interest to study the similarities and differences in their formation i... | exploring compositional predictions for super-earth and sub-neptune planets |
in this talk, we describe technical progress with and forecast the science capabilities of the next generation of extreme ao systems on large ground-based telescopes. systems like scexao and complementary ones like magao-x serve as incubators for critical direct imaging technologies on the ground and in space. key wave... | ground-based exoplanet direct imaging in the next decade: the path to imaging another earth |
finding habitable exoplanets has recently drawn interest from not only astrobiologists and astrophysicists but also earth scientists. studies have shown that evaluating habitability of a planet requires a fully understanding of deep volatile storage and its contributions to surface evolution. hydrogen storage in the ca... | potential storage of molecular hydrogen in catio3 perovskite in the deep interiors of rocky planets |
summarywe quantify the potential of a mid-infrared space-based mission like life (large interferometer for exoplanets) [1, 2] to detect atmospheric signatures of life in the spectrum of a terrestrial planet at various stages of its evolution. we use a bayesian retrieval framework to simulate observations obtained throu... | diagnostic potential of the mid-infrared space interferometer life for studying earth analogues |
emission from zodiacal dust disks in other planetary systems, is both a noise source for future exoplanet imaging missions and a signpost of rocky material in, or near, the habitable zone. the lbt interferometer has been designed to discover and characterize faint exozodiacal dust around nearby stars. i will summarize ... | exoplanetary system reconnaissance with lbti: warm dust and giant planets |
for the interpretation of upcoming observations of terrestrial — potentially habitable — planets, it is not only crucial to understand how atmospheric species imprint their spectral signatures onto planetary emission spectra, but also whether spectral features of rocks and minerals of various types may be detectable. w... | on the detectability of rocky exoplanet surfaces |
coronal mass ejections (cmes) are the largest-scale eruptive phenomena in the solar system. associated with enormous plasma ejections and energy release, cmes have an important impact on the solar-terrestrial environment. cmes can also occur on other stars and will greatly impact the habitability of the orbiting exopla... | on the detectability of solar and stellar coronal mass ejections through asymmetries of extreme-ultraviolet spectral line profiles |
the long-term stability of exoplanetary atmospheres depends critically on the extreme-ultraviolet (euv) flux from the host star. the euv flux likely drives the demographics of the short-period planet population as well the ability for rocky planets to maintain habitable environments long enough for the emergence of lif... | measuring the stellar drivers of exoplanet habitability with the escape mission (-or- why are those solar systems so extreme???) |
the structure and composition of low-mass exoplanets play a fundamental role in their capacity to harbor life as we know it. however, unambiguous determination of the structure of such small planets remain a challenge both because of their immense compositional diversity and because detailed characterization of their m... | analytic estimates of the achievable precision of the properties of transiting exoplanets |
the increasing discovery of exoplanets in the last decades has boosted the search for life in the universe, and particularly the studies for the characterization of planetary habitability. stellar radiation is one of the fundamental factors to be studied in this context, as it can have an influence on the planetary env... | the impact of stellar flares and superflares on life: first experiments to reveal the uv surface habitability of exoplanets |
the long-term stability of exoplanetary atmospheres depends critically on the extreme-ultraviolet (euv) flux from the host star. the euv flux likely drives the demographics of the short-period planet population as well the ability for rocky planets to maintain habitable environments long enough for the emergence of lif... | euv spectroscopy with the escape mission: exploring the stellar drivers of exoplanet habitability |
we present the transiting exoplanet survey satellite (tess) habitable zone stars catalog, a list of 1822 nearby stars with a tess magnitude brighter than t=12 and reliable distances from gaia dr2, around which the nasa's tess mission can detect transiting planets, which receive earth-like irradiation. for all those sta... | vizier online data catalog: the tess habitable zone star catalog (kaltenegger+, 2019) |
next-generation space observatories will conduct the first systematic search for life beyond the solar system. through statistical analyses of a large enough sample of exoplanets, such surveys could answer questions about what makes planets habitable and how terrestrial planets evolve. we describe our code, bioverse, w... | bioverse: a simulation framework to assess the statistical power of future biosignature surveys |
despite their prevalence, circumbinary planets are often overlooked in the search for life beyond the earth, primarily due to the unique challenges in supporting life due to the constantly changing insolation in these systems. however, recent studies using 1d and 3d climate models have shown that these time dependent f... | impact of photochemistry in terrestrial p type circumbinary exoplanetary atmospheres |
in the past decade nasa's kepler mission has revealed that small potentially habitable exoplanets are common. the transiting exoplanet survey satellite has found many planets in our solar neighborhood, and the james webb space telescope, and other future missions, will be able to study using detailed spectra to underst... | observing the earth as an exoplanet: a small satellite mission to observe a habitable world |
the search for habitable and inhabited worlds beyond earth is a key topic in exoplanetary science. future space missions will bring exoplanetary characterization to the next level due to their capability to detect earth-like planets around nearby stars, which are potentially habitable. to inform future mission concepts... | earth as an exoplanet: thermal emission and time variability using spatially resolved modis data |
m dwarfs are notoriously the most common type of stars in the milky way, and undoubtedly in other galaxies as well. they are cooler and dimmer than more massive stars, and consume their hydrogen slowly over extraordinarily long periods of time, creating enduring stable environments in which life might originate and thr... | atlas — a trail to life around stars: a survey of planets orbiting m dwarfs within 25 parsecs |
recently discovered earth-like exoplanets are orbiting the habitable zone of m-dwarf stars, the most abundant and long-lived stars known in the milky way. such stars have different spectral characteristics respect to the sun, being less luminous and generating a light spectrum with a major component in far-red and infr... | responses of eukaryotic photosynthetic organisms to simulated m-dwarf star light. |
since stars and their planets form from the same molecular clouds, stellar chemical composition can be informative, to first order, of planetary bulk chemistry. an important feature of terrestrial planets compared to their host stars is the depletion of volatiles, the most important being oxygen. previous studies on pl... | on the importance of including devolatilized stellar abundances in determining the composition of rocky exoplanets |
the coronagraph instrument aboard the nancy grace roman space telescope is a technology demonstrator that will perform the first reflected-starlight direct imaging observations of exoplanets. this instrument will pave the way for future missions such as luvoir or habex, which have the goal of characterizing the atmosph... | a catalogue of up to 26 known exoplanets accessible to reflected-starlight observations with the roman space telescope |
the discovery of kepler 452b marks a milestone of searching for habitable exoplanets. while simple estimation indicates that kepler 452b is located in the habitable zone of a sun-like star, the climate state and habitability of kepler 452b require detailed studies. using a three-dimensional fully coupled atmosphere-oce... | climate and habitability of kepler 452b |
images of exoplanet hosts kps-1 and qatar-8 were requested from las cumbres observatory global telescope network. lightcurves were generated by performing differential photometry and fit using the exoplanet transit interpretation code. kps-1b has a well-defined transit midpoint, despite the fact that the observations d... | assessing habitability of exoplanet targets |
with current instruments, it is hard to detect and characterize planets that are similar to the earth in the habitable zone around their stars. that is why concepts for future space missions have been proposed, from a large ir/o/uv single-aperture telescope for studies in reflected light [1,2], to the large interferome... | diagnostic potential of the mid-infrared space interferometer life for studying earth analogs |
planetary obliquity (axis tilt) and its variations can have strong effects on climate. earth's glacial cycles, for instance, are driven in part by variations in earth's obliquity of order ±1.5o. direct observations of the obliquity of habitable zone rocky exoplanets is likely a long way off. therefore we investigate th... | obliquity variations of a potentially habitable early venus |
most planets located within the solar system display evidence of past and/or current magnetic activity. magnetic fields of rocky bodies are thought to be driven by thermo-chemical convection taking place in an electrically conducting fluid in their deep interior (the liquid outer core for earth), and are thus evidence ... | exoplanetary magnetic fields as a tool for future interior characterization |
with the upcoming launches of space telescopes like the james webb space telescope (jwst) and the wide-field infrared survey telescope (wfirst) aiming to create new surveys of objects in the sky, we can determine in advance prime targets for the scientific community to further investigate exoplanets and their host star... | characterizing exoplanets using exofastv2 and tess data |
the goal of the kepler mission is to determine the frequency of earth-like planets orbiting within the habitable zones of their host stars. for this goal to be realized one must have a handle on the false positive probability of the high profile candidates. we have developed a method for estimating the false positive p... | confirming the first earth-like exoplanets |
the long-term habitability of a planet rises from its ability to generate and maintain an atmosphere through partial melting and volcanism. this question has been mainly addressed in the framework of plate tectonics, which may be too specific to apply to the wide range of internal dynamics expected for exoplanets, and ... | fully determined scaling laws for volumetrically heated convective systems, a tool for assessing habitability of exoplanets. |
what characteristics must a terrestrial planet exhibit to have the potential to host life? orbiting within the habitable zone of its host star is certainly a good start, but theres another important aspect: the planet has to have the right atmosphere. a recent study has determined how host stars can help their planets ... | rotating stars can help planets become habitable |
one of the most exciting and interdisciplinary frontiers in exoplanet science is the search for habitable planets and life beyond the solar system. recently discovered planets, especially earth-sized planets with terrestrial densities orbiting nearby m dwarfs, will provide intriguing near-term targets for astrobiologic... | the search for life beyond the solar system: synergies between earth, solar system and exoplanet science |
instrumentation to detect new planets has been continually developed over the last decades. thus, exoplanets can be characterised in terms of physical parameters, such as size and mass, as well as identify possible atmospheres. the increasing number of newly detected planets raises issues of possible other habitable wo... | impact of variations of gravitational acceleration on the general circulation of the planetary atmosphere |
exoplanet habitability has been explored for a wide range of parameters, including stellar temperature, planet size/mass and distance from its star, atmospheric pressure and composition, land-ocean distribution, and rotation rate. most of these studies have concentrated on the habitable zone and thus whether surface li... | what can land water availability tell us about exoplanet habitability? |
i present an analysis of starspot modulation and flares in the tess light curves of 112 m dwarfs with a tess magnitude <=11.5 mag that are listed in the tess habitable zone star catalog (hzcat, kaltenegger et al. 2019). understanding the magnetic activity of these potential exoplanet host stars is crucial for planet... | rotation and flares of m dwarfs with habitable zones accessible to tess |
(abstract only) to the ancients, the earth was the universe, of a size to be crossed by a god in a day, by boat or chariot, and by humans in a lifetime. thus an exoplanet would have been a multiverse. the ideas gradually separated over centuries, with gradual acceptance of a sun-centered solar system, the stars as suns... | exoplanets and multiverses (abstract) |
we recently published evidence for a steep decline in chromosphericultraviolet emission compared with coronal x-ray emission for mid-to-latem dwarfs. very late m dwarfs appear to be underluminous in the ultravioletby two orders of magnitude. if confirmed, this chromospheric decline willhave profound implications for th... | testing the steep decline in chromospheric emission of very late m dwarfs |
the trappist-1 system is home to at least seven terrestrial planets and is a target of interest for future james webb space telescope (jwst) observations. although several of these planets are located in the traditional habitable zone, where liquid water could exist on the surface, trappist-1h is interesting to explore... | trappist-1h as an exotitan: the role of assumptions about atmospheric parameters in understanding an exoplanet atmosphere |
one of the most exciting developments in exoplanet science is the inclusion of a coronagraph instrument on wfirst. after more than 20 years of research and development on coronagraphy and wavefront control, the technology is ready for a demonstration in space and to be used for revolutionary science. good progress has ... | wfirst cgi adjutant scientist |
to further the understanding of habitable environments; their boundaries and how they evolve with time; we advocate a continued comprehensive study of our neighboring planet venus. these studies include models of past and present atmospheres, compositional abundances, and venus-analog frequency analysis from current an... | venus as a nearby exoplanetary laboratory |
the next generation of astronomical facilities will be able to retrieve exoplanetary atmospheric spectra in increasing quantity and of increasing quality. radiative transfer (rt) models of these atmospheres is essential both for interpreting observational data and for linking these data to the planetary physical state ... | terrestrial-type planetary atmospheres with helios |
earth-sized exoplanets are extremely common in the galaxy and many of them are likely tidally locked, such that they have permanent day- and nightsides. astronomers have started to probe the atmospheres of such planets, which raises the question: can tidally locked planets support habitable climates and life?several st... | stirring up a storm: convective climate variability on tidally locked exoplanets |
the large uv-optical-infrared (luvoir) surveyor is one of four mission concepts being studied by nasa in preparation for the 2020 astrophysics decadal survey. luvoir is a general-purpose space-based observatory with a large aperture in the 8-15 m range and a total bandpass spanning from the far-uv to the near-infrared.... | biosignature searches with the luvoir decadal mission concept |
much of the scientific work in support of nasa’s tess mission will be carried out by working groups, composed of members of the tess science team and experts from the community. for example, the goal of measuring masses for 50 planets smaller than 4 earth radii will require extensive efforts by the tess follow-up obser... | opportunities for community participation in tess |
the high-accuracy radial velocity planet searcher (harps) spectrograph has been in use for 12 years, and it is still today the most powerful planet-hunting spectrograph available in the world. indeed, a radial velocity semi-amplitude down to 0.5 m/s has been reached, that made the spectroscopic detection of exoplanets ... | improved wavelength calibration for the harps spectrograph: the way towards habitable planets |
searching for planets around very hot stars is much more challenging than looking around cool stars. for this reason, the recent discovery of a planet around a main-sequence a star is an important find both because of its unique position near the stars habitable zone, and because of the way in which the planet was disc... | a planet found by pulsations |
my thesis focuses on the frequency, detectability, and composition of small planets. i revised the parameters of the smallest kepler main-sequence dwarf stars using dartmouth stellar models and wrote a pipeline to search for planets in the full four-year kepler data set. i characterized the completeness of my pipeline ... | the frequency of habitable planets around small stars and the characterization of planets orbiting bright kepler targets |
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