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the field of exoplanets has progressed beyond planet detection to characterization of planetary systems. this includes planetary structure and atmospheres, studies of exoplanet host star properties, and measurement of planet masses. while the precision photometry from the transiting exoplanet survey satellite (tess) is... | exoplanet characterization using phase variations observed by tess |
observing exoplanets in the ultraviolet enables the exploration of the outskirts of planetary atmospheres. initial hubble space telescope (hst) observations have shown that strongly irradiated gas giants experience atmospheric thermal escape (or "evaporation"). the refurbishment of hst during its last servicing mission... | exoplanetary research in the uv |
with the rapid approach of the james webb space telescope launch and consideration of funding for next generation telescopes such as the habex and luvior concepts, the search for habitable, earth-sized exoplanets will soon become easier and faster than ever. while these telescopes aim to characterize exoplanet atmosphe... | nutrient cycling in exoplanet oceans |
the life mission concept is a project initiated in europe with the goal to launch a large, space-based mir nulling interferometer observatory. here we present a status report and summarize new results from the life mission initiative. | the life space mission: characterizing atmospheres of terrestrial exoplanets and searching for habitable worlds and biosignatures in our backyard |
the universe contains a multitude of different stellar system configurations, ranging from single and binary stellar systems all the way up to septuple stellar systems; where only a small percentage of those systems contain exoplanets. the physical parameters of all triple and quadruple stellar systems with known exopl... | triple and quadruple stellar systems with exoplanets: catalog |
the subaru coronagraphic extreme adaptive optics (scexao) system, currently in science operation on the subaru telescope, combines high performance wavefront control and starlight suppression to image exoplanets and disks. in addition to its flagship science cameras, charis (near-ir spectro-imaging) and vampires (visib... | the scexao high contrast imaging platform: current and upcoming capabilities |
the search for spectroscopic biosignatures with the next-generation of space telescopes could provide observational constraints on the abundance of exoplanets with signs of life. an extension of this spectroscopic characterization of exoplanets is the search for observational evidence of planetary-scale technology, kno... | characterizing spectral technosignatures in the search for life |
humanity has made astonishing progress in exoplanet discovery over the past three decades: approximately 4,000 exoplanets are now known within our galaxy. the vast majority of these planets orbit single stars; even so, almost 100 binary star systems have been found to possess planets. planets in binary systems have bee... | evryscope searches for circumbinary planets |
the plato mission has the unique capacity to provide long-base observations of thousands of stars and their transiting planets. the current mission plan includes a 2-year stare than includes the kepler field. plato observations have the potential to improve science return from the kepler field. including, the reliabili... | an assessment of potential plato observing strategies to maximize science return from the kepler field. |
m dwarf stars have become attractive candidates for exoplanet searches and will be a main focus of the upcoming tess mission, with the continued search for nearby potentially habitable worlds. however, the atmospheric characterization of these exoplanetary systems depends critically on the high energy stellar radiation... | investigating the fuv emission of young m dwarfs with fumes: the far ultraviolet m-dwarf evolution survey |
the astro2020 decadal survey recommended a "future large ir/o/uv telescope optimized for observing habitable exoplanets and general astrophysics" to be ready by end of the decade and that mission "to search for biosignatures from a robust number of about ~25 habitable zone [exo]planets." but how can 25 spectra be achie... | what does the decadal recommended 25 hz exoplanet spectra mean? |
photochemical hazes are shown to greatly impact current exoplanet atmospheric characterization by muting spectral features [e.g., 1, 2], however, they remain poorly understood due to their complex chemical nature. we measured a bulk material property, the surface energy, for a matrix of laboratory-produced cool exoplan... | the surface energies and lifetimes of cool exoplanet haze analogs: insight from laboratory experiments |
the origins space telescope (origins) is one of four flagship mission concepts funded by nasa for consideration in the 2020 astrophysics decadal review. origins operates in the wavelength range 2.8 to 588 microns and is more than three orders of magnitude more sensitive than its predecessors due to its large, cold (4.5... | origins space telescope (origins): the mid-infrared spectrometer (camera) transit spectrometer (misc-t) |
plato is an esa mission to hunt for earth-sized exoplanets in the habitable zone of their host star. the heart of the payload consists of 26 wide-field cameras. we develop a common electrical ground support equipment (egse) framework for the testing and verification of these cameras. the focal planes are aligned to the... | design of the electrical ground support equipment for the plato camera aiv |
the radioactive decay of isotopes is an integral part of the heating of a planet's mantle, and is connected to continent formation and tectonic plate activity, which planetary scientists consider necessary for a habitable environment. one of the key isotopes that is known to drive radiogenic heating on earth is 40k. re... | using potassium-40 to study the radiogenic heating of exoplanets |
ground-based mid-infrared imaging is close to enabling the direct detection of nearby habitable-zone exoplanets. the eso/breakthrough-sponsored new earths in the alpha centauri region (near) program on the vlt recently completed the first ultra-deep (~100 hr) mid-ir exoplanet imaging campaign and demonstrated the first... | mid-infrared imaging of habitable-zone exoplanets with the vlt+lbti |
what can we learn about exoplanets and habitability by looking back at our own solar system? | opportunities to study the exoplanets in our backyard from an interstellar probe |
mercury's interaction with the solar wind is unique in our solar system due to its weak global magnetic field and the planet's proximity to the sun. the magnetosphere of mercury is therefore highly dynamic, especially during times of interplanetary coronal mass ejections (icmes), which travel at high speeds compared to... | on the loss of mercury's dayside magnetosphere |
the magma ocean is a critical phase determining how earth's atmosphere developed into habitability. however there are major uncertainties in the role of key processes such as outgassing from the planetary interior and escape to space which determine subsequent atmospheric evolution. we investigate the impact of outgass... | effect of mantle oxidation state and escape upon the evolution of earth's magma ocean atmosphere |
an outstanding, multidisciplinary goal of modern science is the study of the diversity of potentially earth-like planets and the search for life in them. this goal requires a bold new generation of space telescopes, but even the most ambitious designs yet can only hope to characterize several dozen potentially habitabl... | a search for life in a thousand earths: the nautilus space observatory |
this thesis focuses on analyzing the physics and designing multiscale methods for nonlinear dynamics in mechanical systems, such as those in astronomy. the planetary systems (e.g., the solar system) are of great interest as rich dynamics of different scales contribute to many interesting physics. outside the solar syst... | multiscale problems in mechanics: spin dynamics, structure-preserving integration, and data-driven methods |
molecular oxygen (o2) is of particular interest in exoplanetary observations not least of all as an important biosignature on habitable planets. the atmospheric absorption bands are well studied, but a complete and accurate, high-resolution linelist is yet to be produced. owing to their symmetry, the commonly employed ... | a high-resolution linelist for molecular oxygen |
the majority of exoplanets found to date have been discovered via the transit method, and transmission and emission spectra represent the primary method of studying these distant worlds. current methods of characterizing transiting exoplanets entail the use of spectrographs on large telescopes, requiring significant ob... | on the taxonomy of exoplanets using transmission color analysis |
starshades are a promising concept for achieving the necessary level of starlight suppression needed to detect habitable zone exoplanets. the starshade spacecraft flies in formation with a space telescope, maintaining a line of sight to a target star and constant separation distance while the telescope observes from a ... | fuel cost heuristics for starshade retargeting slew maneuvers |
argus pathfinder will capture the complex evolution of flares occurring in exoplanetary systems and pioneer a new generation of wide-field, ultra-high-cadence optical surveys. stellar flares are violent events which culminate in the reconnection of broken magnetic field lines in the chromosphere and generally have two ... | capturing flares in exoplanet systems with the upcoming argus pathfinder |
the k2 photometric observations were obtained between 2015 april 27 and 2018 july 2, spanning a baseline of almost 1200 days. the k2 target pixel data were downloaded from the mikulski archive for space telescope (mast). we obtained spectra with the habitable-zone planet finder (hpf) between 2019 february 22 and 2019 m... | vizier online data catalog: transit time of k2-146b and k2-146c with k2 and hpf (lam+, 2020) |
terrestrial planets orbiting m dwarfs may soon be observed with the james webb space telescope (jwst) to characterize their atmospheric composition and search for signs of habitability or even life. however, due to the super-luminous pre-main-sequence phase of the m dwarf host stars, their terrestrial planets may under... | probing terrestrial exoplanet atmospheric escape by observing h2o and co2 isotopologue bands with the james webb space telescope |
next-generation telescopes such as the luvoir or habex concepts will soon be able to characterize distant exoplanets better than ever before. however, while these telescopes will primarily be limited to observations of exoplanet atmospheres, a planet's habitability potential relies on additional surface conditions as w... | high orbital obliquity promotes planetary oxygenation |
the transiting exoplanet survey satellite (tess) has and is continuing to discover a multitude of potentially habitable planet candidates. as more planets are detected and confirmed, it becomes increasingly important to strategically search for signs of habitability with which to differentiate and prioritize them for f... | a method for exploring the habitability of earth-like exoplanets: applications to tess objects of interest 203 b, 256 b, and 700 d |
stagnant lid planets such as venus and mars are likely to be common among the population of rocky exoplanets. how such planets thermally evolve dictates their rates of volcanism and outgassing over time, with implications for long-term climate evolution and habitability. an important factor for stagnant lid planet evol... | scaling laws for stagnant lid convection with buoyant or negatively buoyant crusts |
the recent discovery of an earth-sized planet (toi-700 d) in the habitable zone of an early-type m-dwarf by the transiting exoplanet survey satellite constitutes an important advance. in this presentation, we assess the feasibility of this planet to retain an atmosphere - one of the chief ingredients for surface habita... | atmospheric escape from toi-700 d: venus versus earth analogs |
recent observational studies of rocky exoplanets with kepler and tess missions suggest that many rocky exoplanets are detected in the habitable zone around magnetically active solar-like stars. these stars are efficient generators of ionizing radiation in the form of x-ray and extreme uv (euv) flux (collectively known ... | modeling ionizing radiation outputs from planet hosts: coronal x-ray/euv and wind mass fluxes of k1 ceti |
climate models are fundamental tools to assess the physical conditions in the deep atmosphere or on the surface of exoplanets from the scant available data. moreover, they allow the community to single out the most interesting targets for future observations. a core component is the vertical radiative transfer (rt) mod... | eos: flexible radiative transfer for rocky exoplanets climate simulations |
kepler and tess missions have discovered over 4500 extra solar (exoplanets) around f, g, k and m dwarfs. they also revealed frequent superflares on planet hosting stars, providing a mechanism by which host stars may have profound effects on the physical and chemical evolution of exoplanetary atmospheres. while we can o... | the impact of eruptions from young stars on environments of rocky exoplanets |
the intrinsic nature of astronomical objects, such as binary systems, exoplanets, and quasar host galaxies, introduces stringent requirements on observational instrumentation and techniques. we are yet to fully understand the processes governing star and galaxy formation and evolution. additionally, there is an ongoing... | extreme contrast ratio imaging of sirius with a charge-injection device |
with jwst and other next-generation observatories on the horizon, follow-up observations of planets discovered by missions like kepler and tess will enable unprecedented characterization of exoplanetary atmospheres. knowledge of the stellar environments these planets reside in is critical to these efforts, with the uv ... | the impacts of stellar uv scaling relations on modelling planetary atmospheres |
microphysical and dynamic processes occurring within clouds significantly influence numerous large-scale dynamic, energetic, and chemical processes occurring within the atmospheres of nearly all solar system planets. it is expected that these same atmospheric processes heavily influence the radiative energy balance of ... | a 1.5 radiative-convective terrestrial climate model with realistic clouds |
since the discovery of the first planets orbiting other stars in the 1990"s, the field of exoplanetary study has come to understand that earth-like planets, i.e. rocky planets in the habitable zone, are more common than previously thought. astronomical spectropolarimetry will hold the key in characterizing these exopla... | loupe: spectropolarimetry in the search for (extra)terrestrial life |
there are hundreds of exoplanets which the data are available for dynamical investigation. there is a wealth of diversity of exoplanets types and the expectation in finding our earth-living conditions in another planet motivates the search for extra-solar planets. a satellite around a planet in the habitable zone would... | the search for exomoons |
simulation of exoplanet spectra, particularly reflection spectra, is key to planning for and eventual interpretation of observations of directly imaged exoplanet spectra. we demonstrate the use of the planetary spectrum generator (psg) to produce simulations of reflected light exoplanet spectra. we use psg to examine m... | simulated spectra of the promising direct imaging target, ups and d, using the planetary spectrum generator |
through exoplanet surveys such as the transiting exoplanet survey satellite (tess) and kepler space telescope, the existence of over 5,000 exoplanets has been confirmed. of these thousands of worlds, around 30 percent are small rocky worlds, with r ≤ 2.25 r⊕. this subset of planets is particularly significant due to th... | role of rocky planetary radius on atmospheric escape and implications for habitability |
the habitable zone (hz) is the circumstellar region where liquid water could exist on a planet's surface assuming co2-based weathering feedbacks regulate surface temperature (kasting et al. 1993). although water is essential for life on earth, it is an insufficient criterion for exoplanet habitability. atmospheric co2 ... | exoplanet ocean salinity and climate at the outer reaches of the habitable zone |
to directly image and characterize exoplanets, internal starlight suppression systems rely on coronagraphs to optically remove starlight while preserving planet light for spectroscopy. the phase-induced amplitude apodization family of coronagraphs (piaa) represent an attractive option for the next generation of large s... | piaa coronagraph designs for segmented apertures, robust to low-order aberrations |
the habitable exoplanet observatory (habex) is a concept for a mission to directly image planetary systems around sun-like stars. habex also will enable a broad range of general astrophysics, from studying the earliest epochs of the universe, to understanding the life cycle and deaths of the most massive stars. in this... | habitable exoplanet observatory (habex) exposure time calculator tools |
the atmospheric characterization of low-mass temperate exoplanets has been identified as one of the scientific priorities for the coming decades, both by the us astro2020 decadal survey and by the european space agency's voyage 2050 senior committee report. the astro2020 decadal survey recommended a segmented 6-m teles... | the large interferometer for exoplanets (life) |
the ultra-short-period jupiters kelt-9 b and mascara-4 b are two of the hottest, most extreme extrasolar planets discovered to date. both planets orbit a-type stars with periods less than three days, making their equilibrium temperatures hotter than the average m-dwarf. both planet orbits are inclined by ~90 degrees as... | tess's view of kelt-9 b and mascara-4 b: ultra-short-period jupiters in polar orbits around oblate stars |
results from the kepler mission indicate that the occurrence rate of habitable-zone earths and super-earths may be as high as 5-20%. despite this abundance, probing the conditions and atmospheric properties on any of these habitable-zone planets is extremely difficult and has remained elusive to date. here, we report t... | water vapor and liquid water clouds on the habitable-zone exoplanet k2-18b |
the 2020 decadal survey presents a clear message of the grand astronomy goals of the next decade and beyond, and of the urgent need for technology maturation that will enable the next flagship observatory to observe potentially habitable exoplanets. for a segmented implementation of a large ultra-stable telescope, low ... | picometer-scale edge sensing and actuation for ultra-stable mission concepts |
the spectroscopic characterization of terrestrial exoplanets will be made possible for the first time with jwst. a key first-order question that we wish to address is whether such planets possess atmospheres at all. if they do, we will endeavor to measure their atmospheric thickness, composition, and cloud properties. ... | characterization of rocky exoplanets in thermal emission with jwst |
biosignature detection is typically studied in the context of an atmosphere in chemical disequilibrium. oxygen (o2) and methane (ch4) are generally considered the “canonical” biosignature disequilibrium pair. however, the modern ch4 concentration poses a major detection challenge to future direct imaging telescopes, an... | the k dwarf advantage for biosignatures |
exoplanet characterization typically begins with a measurement of planet mass and radius. the standard method of measuring a planet's radius requires the planet to transit, which severely biases the sample to those with orbital periods of a few dozen days or less. the resulting dearth of well characterized exoplanets a... | first results of the giant outer transiting exoplanet mass (got 'em) survey: confirmation of the eccentric, cool jupiter orbiting kepler-1514 |
nasa's deep impact spacecraft conducted an extended mission in 2008 through 2010, designated epoxi. the epoxi mission included observations of earth as an analog to a habitable terrestrial exoplanet in order to test retrieving properties from spatially unresolved spectrophotometry in the visible and spectroscopy in the... | water signature on the moon, an uninhabitable world |
we propose hrc observations of 5 nearby star-planet systems: trappist-1, gj 1061, toi-700. wolf 359 and gj 887 to measure the soft x-ray/euv fluence on the surrounding planets. together, the stars host over a dozen earth-mass planets, with 10 planets located in the presumed habitable zones (hzs). the targets are all m-... | x-rays in the prime of life: measuring the high energy dose to exo-earths |
observing planetary auroral radio emission is the most promising method to detect exoplanetary magnetic fields, the knowledge of which will provide valuable insights into the planet's interior structure, atmospheric escape, and habitability. we present lofar-lba circularly polarized beamformed observations of the exopl... | the search for radio emission from the exoplanetary systems 55 cancri, upsilon andromedae, and tau bootis using lofar beam-formed observations |
an innovative chinese space mission, the earth 2.0 (et) mission, is being developed to combine the transit and microlensing method together to search for earth-sized exoplanets in the galaxy, including the most precious ones—earth 2.0s, i.e., habitable earth-sized (0.8-1.25 earth radii) planets orbiting solar type star... | science goals of the earth 2.0 space mission |
current models of the habitable zone, while accounting for atmospheric contributions and the host star's luminosity, rarely include effects due to flaring. stellar flares occur stochastically as the magnetic field reorganizes and releases panchromatic radiation which often has a higher brightness temperature (~9-20 kk)... | exploring the star-planet connection through m dwarf flaring evolution |
the astrophysics division at nasa has commissioned four large mission concept studies in preparation for the upcoming decadal survey. one of these mission concepts is the habitable exoplanet observatory (habex), which will nominally be a 4 meter uv/vis/ir telescope in space and is expected to include a coronagraph and/... | solar system observations with the habitable exoplanet observatory |
we discuss the impact of chemical abundances of stars on the interior structure of rocky planets, and the effects on their potential habitability. | chemical abundances of stars and their impact on the interior structure of rocky planets |
in the james webb space telescope and extremely large telescopes era we expect to characterize a number of potentially habitable earth-like exoplanets. however, the characterization of these worlds depends crucially on the accuracy of theoretical models. validating these models against observations of planets with know... | polarized signatures of a habitable world: comparing models of an exoplanet-earth with vnir earthshine spectra |
the intersection of environmental conditions with the conditions permissive for life defines habitability. consequently, our understanding of habitability is fundamentally limited by our understanding of the multidimensional niche space for life, which up to now, is based on our one known data point: life on earth. ter... | expanding the known limits of life through adaptive laboratory evolution, functional metagenomics, and synthetic biology |
planet formation simulation suggests that giant impacts are common among terrestrial planets, and its aftermath includes the formation of a whole mantle-scale magma ocean. it is predicted that an atmosphere overlying a magma ocean is dominated by co2 (e.g., elkins-tanton 2008, miyazaki and korenaga, 2022), and with an ... | early drawdown of atmospheric co2 on terrestrial exoplanets and its implication on habitability |
the habitable exoplanet imaging mission (habex) is one of the four large mission concepts being studied by nasa as input to the upcoming 2020 decadal survey. the mission implements two world-class general astrophysics instruments as part of its complement of instrumentation to enable compelling science using the 4m ape... | the habex ultraviolet spectrograph (uvs): design and science drivers |
recently, three rocky planets were discovered in the habitable zone of the nearby planetary system trappist-1. the increasing number of exoplanet detections has led to further research into the planetary requirements for sustaining life. habitable zone occupants have, in principle, the capacity to retain liquid water, ... | assessing the habitability of trappist-1e: mhd simulations of atmospheric loss due to cmes and stellar wind |
the multi-planet system around the star trappist-1 is an excellent target for probing exoplanet atmospheres. a new study explores whether the skies of these exoplanets are likely cloudy or clear.its all unclearartists illustration of a cloudy exoplanet. [mark garlick/university of warwick]much like a spherical cow, a c... | a hazy day around trappist-1? |
despite the two space telescopes at the top of astronomers' wish list—the james webb space telescope (jwst) and the wide field infrared survey telescope (wfirst)—remaining firmly on the ground because of technical hitches and budget problems, it is time for astronomers to look skyward and dream even bigger dreams. the ... | starry eyes |
characterisation of planetary systems such as trappist-1e, proxima b, and lhs 1140b has begun to adopt dynamical ocean modelling to explore their potential oceanic circulations. such simulations use the aquaplanet approximation to address important questions about habitability such as whether or not these planetary oce... | the significance of surface gravity waves for oceanic climates on terrestrial exoplanets |
we recently published evidence for a steep decline in chromospheric ultraviolet emission compared with coronal x-ray emission for mid-to-late m dwarfs. very late m dwarfs appear to be underluminous in the ultraviolet by two orders of magnitude. if confirmed, this chromospheric decline will have profound implications fo... | testing the apparent steep decline in the chromospheric emission of very late m dwarfs |
the vast majority of detected exoplanets are orbiting cool stars. moreover, most rocky exoplanets detected in the "habitable zone" are in close-in orbits around very low-mass stars. low-mass stars are typically very active and these close-in planets will be exposed to much stronger magnetic effects than those we experi... | studying stars to understand planets |
local (planetary) and global-scale (heliospheric) environments fostered the conditions for prebiotic chemistry and later for biopolymers on early earth. this white paper aims to identify and describe promising key research goals to aid the field of exoplanetary habitability for the next 20 years. | the impact of extreme space weather on the rise of biomolecules: early earth and exo-earth environments |
the search for different life forms elsewhere in the universe is a fascinating area of research in astrophysics and astrobiology. currently, according to the nasa exoplanet archive database, 3876 exoplanets have been discovered. the earth similarity index (esi) is defined as the geometric mean of radius, density, escap... | indexing exoplanets with physical conditions potentially suitable for rock-dependent extremophiles |
we investigate the degree of orbit perturbations from confirmed planetary companions on known planets that reside in their host star's habitable zone. the traditional definition of the habitable zone (hz) is the range of distances from a star that includes an earth-like planet where the climate is stable enough for wat... | orbit perturbations of habitable zone planets due to inner planetary companions |
venus provides a unique opportunity to explore the processes that create hostile environments and define the boundaries of habitability. we advocate a continued comprehensive study of our sister planet, including models of early atmospheres, compositional abundances, and venus-analog frequency analysis from current and... | venus as a nearby exoplanetary laboratory |
the next generation ground-based extremely large telescopes (elts) present incredible opportunities to discover and characterize diverse planetary systems, even potentially habitable worlds. adaptive-optics assisted thermal-ir (3-14 μm) imaging is a powerful tool to study exoplanets with extant 6-12 meter telescopes. e... | thermal ir elt opportunity: finding and characterizing other worlds around the nearest stars with metis |
the habitable exoplanet observatory (habex) mission has unique optical performance requirements which drive the mirror design process beyond the traditional criteria. while mass and stiffness are still important, the response to inertia loading (expressed in terms of zernike coefficients) to omni-directional excitation... | influence of core and hexapod geometry, and local reinforcement on the performance of ultra lightweight ule mirror |
ionization in the atmospheres of exoplanets is driven by the host star's euv-x-ray emission and flare-associated energetic particles (eps). ionizing radiation is particularly extreme for planets in the close-in habitable zones of m dwarfs. eps cannot be observed directly, but if they travel in straight lines eps could ... | the ionization of m dwarf exoplanet atmospheres by flare energetic particles |
how does tilting a planet affect its ability to hold on to its atmosphere in the face of intense stellar radiation? the above images are from a series of numerical simulations run by a team of scientists led by chuanfei dong (princeton university), which explore the role of magnetic obliquity the tilt of the planets ma... | featured image: grasping at tilted planets' atmospheres |
the catalog of stellar evolution tracks discussed in our previous work is meant to help characterize exoplanet host-stars of interest for follow-up observations with future missions like jwst. however, the utility of the catalog has been predicated on the assumption that we would precisely know the age of the particula... | a flexible bayesian framework for assessing habitability with joint observational and model constraints |
exomoons may play an important role in determining the habitability of worlds outside of our solar system. they can stabilize conditions, alter the climate by breaking tidal locking with the parent star, drive tidal heating, and perhaps even host life themselves. however, the ability of an exoplanet to sustain an exomo... | impact of tides on the potential for exoplanets to host exomoons |
the stellar winds of the nearby binary system alpha cen a and b interact strongly with each other, leading to a structure (a collision disk) outlined by strong shocks and regions of high density and temperature. further away, the combined winds encounter a moderately dense, warm, and partially ionized interstellar medi... | the time-dependent astrosphere around alpha cen ab |
spectroscopy plays a critical role in a number of areas of exoplanet research. the first exoplanets were detected by precisely measuring doppler shifts in high resolution (r ~ 100,000) stellar spectra, a technique that has become known as the radial velocity (rv) method. the rv method provides critical constraints on e... | spectroscopically unlocking exoplanet characteristics |
i will discuss new instrumentation and techniques designed to maximize the doppler radial velocity (rv) measurement precision of next generation exoplanet discovery instruments. these systems include a novel wavelength calibration device based on an all-fiber fabry-perot interferometer, a compact and efficient optical ... | photonic systems for high precision radial velocity measurements |
the question of habitability is one of the most interesting questions in exoplanetary science. by studying the orbital properties of a planet, like it's eccentricity and habitable zone inner edge distance we can answer this question. here we answer the habitability question for the planets in the exoplanetary system k2... | a habitability test of the exoplanetary system k2-3 |
are we alone? what diversity of worlds exists beyond our solar system? how can that diversity enhance our understanding of the planetary processes in our solar system? how did the universe lead to the creation of this diversity of worlds? these are questions that can be answered by luvoir - the large uv/optical/infrare... | the luvoir telescope concepts: telling the story of life in the universe |
in todays era of big data, we often rely on computers to do sorting, searching, and analyzing. sometimes, however, theres just no substitute for the human eye and brain, which comes pre-loaded with excellent pattern-detection capabilities. this is where citizen science come in.managing heaps of datatop: raw k2 photomet... | citizen scientists find an unexpected planet |
in the process of searching for exoplanetary systems, weve discovered tens of debris disks close around distant stars that are especially bright in infrared wavelengths. new research suggests that we might be looking at the late stages of terrestrial planet formation in these systems.forming terrestrial planetsaccordin... | warm disks from giant impacts |
humankind has long pondered the question, "are we alone?" only now are scientists and engineers designing instruments that are dedicated to answering this question. our quest to search for life on extrasolar planets relies on our ability to measure the chemical composition of their atmospheres. the origins space telesc... | origins space telescope (origins): the search for life on temperate m-dwarf planets |
stellar flares have been observed to produce powerful bursts of radiation over a wide range of wavelengths, among which x-rays and euv constitute the major ionizing stellar radiation for planetary atmospheres at low and high altitudes, respectively. stellar flares are considered an impediment to habitability, especiall... | how stellar flares and storms regulate atmospheric losses from the trappist-1 planets |
despite continuing progress in observational techniques, our understanding of exoplanet composition, structure and habitability will always be limited by the their remoteness and the difficulty in obtaining direct measurements. this necessitates comparisons with better-studied planetary bodies and the application of th... | insight into the structure and habitability of exoplanets through studying the interior of mars |
(abstract only) images of exoplanet hosts kps-1 and qatar-8 were requested from las cumbres observatory global telescope network. light curves were generated by performing differential photometry and fit using the exoplanet transit interpretation code. kps-1 b has a well-defined transit midpoint, despite the fact that ... | assessing habitability of exoplanet targets (abstract) |
we use an uncertainty assessment of coupled earth system models along with constraints on earth's surface temperature and internal evolution to assess the potential evolutionary paths earth has taken and what this implies for habitability studies. | planetary models contribute to studies of exoplanet habitability in an uncertain and statistical way |
the majority of exoplanets found to date have been discovered via the transit method, and transmission and emission spectra represent the primary method of studying these distant worlds. current methods of characterizing transiting exoplanets entail the use of spectrographs on large telescopes, requiring significant ob... | on the taxonomy of exoplanets using transmission color analysis |
the scientific drivers for very high angular resolution coupled with very high sensitivity and wavefront stability in the uv and optical wavelength regime have been well established. these include characterization of exoplanets in the habitable zones of solar type stars, probing the physical properties of the circumgal... | a future large-aperture uvoir space observatory: study overview |
the recent discovery of the seven planet trappist--1 system, including three habitable zone planets, has opened up a new avenue for studying temperate terrrestrial planets, with potentially habitable atmospheres. this system and others like it around the lowest-mass stars will be prime targets for both planet searches ... | chromosopheric and coronal activity in the lowest-mass stars |
previous studies show that habitable exoplanets around m dwarfs may have two climate patterns, an eyeball climate pattern and a striped-ball climate pattern, depending on the spin-orbit period ratio. the two climate patterns are included into the dndc (denitrification-decomposition) model, which is modified to accommod... | the distribution of plants on habitable planet around m-dwarfs |
as part of a larger study to understand the formation, evolution, and stability of satellites around exoplanets, we have examined the kepler 22 system. a single planet of mass 2 × 1026 kg, kepler 22b orbits within the habitable zone (kopparapu et al. 2013) at 0.85 au. while kepler 22b may be habitable, there also exist... | the properties of exomoons around the habitable zone planet, kepler 22b |
since the first exoplanet detection in 1992, the study of exoplanets has received considerable attention. it is becoming apparent that the diversity of the general exoplanet population extends beyond that of the solar system and includes a variety of structures and compositions. for instance, recent research suggests t... | interior dynamics of small-core and coreless exoplanets |
the assessment of exoplanet habitability is predominantly based on the measurement of biosignature gases, usually in the form of triplicate sets of ch4, o2, co2, and o3, among other molecules indicative of life. because exoplanets are distant, this is predicated on the ability to characterize atmospheres that would con... | a laboratory-to-model approach to understanding exoplanet biosignatures |
the chemical state of an atmosphere greatly affects the climate and habitability of an exoplanet. correctly interpreting spectrally resolved exoplanet observations therefore requires an understanding of the underlying atmospheric chemistry and physics. we use the met office unified model (um), a three-dimensional globa... | lightning-induced chemistry on tidally locked earth-like exoplanets |
nasa's exoplanet exploration program (exep) guides the development of technology that enables the direct imaging and characterization of exo-earths in the habitable zone of their stars, for future space observatories. here we present the starshade portion of the 2017 exep enabling technology gap list, an annual update ... | updated starshade technology gap list |
the search for signatures of extrasolar habitable environments will commence soon with jwst observing temperate and rocky exoplanets of nearby m dwarf stars. with few exceptions, the standard models for these potentially habitable planets entail an atmosphere of n2 and co2, with the abundance of co2 adjustable accordin... | stability of habitable environments on terrestrial exoplanets |
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