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1503.05943
Seramika Ariwahjoedi
Seramika Ariwahjoedi, Jusak Sali Kosasih, Carlo Rovelli, Freddy P. Zen
Curvatures and discrete Gauss-Codazzi equation in (2+1)-dimensional loop quantum gravity
16 pages, 10 figures
IJGMMP 12: 1550112. (2015)
10.1142/S0219887815501121
null
gr-qc
http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/
We derive the Gauss-Codazzi equation in the holonomy and plane-angle representations and we use the result to write a Gauss-Codazzi equation for a discrete (2+1)-dimensional manifold, triangulated by isosceles tetrahedra. This allows us to write operators acting on spin network states in (2+1)-dimensional loop quantum gravity, representing the 3-dimensional intrinsic, 2-dimensional intrinsic, and 2-dimensional extrinsic curvatures.
[ { "created": "Thu, 19 Mar 2015 20:56:48 GMT", "version": "v1" } ]
2016-08-01
[ [ "Ariwahjoedi", "Seramika", "" ], [ "Kosasih", "Jusak Sali", "" ], [ "Rovelli", "Carlo", "" ], [ "Zen", "Freddy P.", "" ] ]
We derive the Gauss-Codazzi equation in the holonomy and plane-angle representations and we use the result to write a Gauss-Codazzi equation for a discrete (2+1)-dimensional manifold, triangulated by isosceles tetrahedra. This allows us to write operators acting on spin network states in (2+1)-dimensional loop quantum gravity, representing the 3-dimensional intrinsic, 2-dimensional intrinsic, and 2-dimensional extrinsic curvatures.
1203.0748
Leszek Soko{\l}owski
Leszek M. Sokolowski
On the twin paradox in static spacetimes: I. Schwarzschild metric
18 pages, paper accepted for publication in Gen. Rel. Grav
Gen. Relativ. Gravit. (2012) 44:1267-1283
10.1007/s10714-012-1337-4
null
gr-qc
http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/
Motivated by a conjecture put forward by Abramowicz and Bajtlik we reconsider the twin paradox in static spacetimes. According to a well known theorem in Lorentzian geometry the longest timelike worldline between two given points is the unique geodesic line without points conjugate to the initial point on the segment joining the two points. We calculate the proper times for static twins, for twins moving on a circular orbit (if it is a geodesic) around a centre of symmetry and for twins travelling on outgoing and ingoing radial timelike geodesics. We show that the twins on the radial geodesic worldlines are always the oldest ones and we explicitly find the conjugate points (if they exist) outside the relevant segments. As it is of its own mathematical interest, we find general Jacobi vector fields on the geodesic lines under consideration. In the first part of the work we investigate Schwarzschild geometry.
[ { "created": "Sun, 4 Mar 2012 16:35:39 GMT", "version": "v1" } ]
2012-04-11
[ [ "Sokolowski", "Leszek M.", "" ] ]
Motivated by a conjecture put forward by Abramowicz and Bajtlik we reconsider the twin paradox in static spacetimes. According to a well known theorem in Lorentzian geometry the longest timelike worldline between two given points is the unique geodesic line without points conjugate to the initial point on the segment joining the two points. We calculate the proper times for static twins, for twins moving on a circular orbit (if it is a geodesic) around a centre of symmetry and for twins travelling on outgoing and ingoing radial timelike geodesics. We show that the twins on the radial geodesic worldlines are always the oldest ones and we explicitly find the conjugate points (if they exist) outside the relevant segments. As it is of its own mathematical interest, we find general Jacobi vector fields on the geodesic lines under consideration. In the first part of the work we investigate Schwarzschild geometry.
1504.07624
Massimo Giovannini
Massimo Giovannini
Comment on "Accelerating cosmological expansion from shear and bulk viscosity"
null
null
null
CERN-PH-TH-2015-101
gr-qc astro-ph.GA hep-ph hep-th
http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/
In a recent Letter [Phys. Rev. Lett. 114 091301 (2105)] the cause of the acceleration of the present Universe has been identified with the shear viscosity of an imperfect relativistic fluid even in the absence of any bulk viscous contribution. The gist of this comment is that the shear viscosity, if anything, can only lead to an accelerated expansion over sufficiently small scales well inside the Hubble radius.
[ { "created": "Tue, 28 Apr 2015 16:22:09 GMT", "version": "v1" } ]
2015-05-04
[ [ "Giovannini", "Massimo", "" ] ]
In a recent Letter [Phys. Rev. Lett. 114 091301 (2105)] the cause of the acceleration of the present Universe has been identified with the shear viscosity of an imperfect relativistic fluid even in the absence of any bulk viscous contribution. The gist of this comment is that the shear viscosity, if anything, can only lead to an accelerated expansion over sufficiently small scales well inside the Hubble radius.
2102.01703
Alexandre Pombo
Carlos A. R. Herdeiro, Alexandre M. Pombo, Eugen Radu, Pedro V. P. Cunha and Nicolas Sanchis-Gual
The imitation game: Proca stars that can mimic the Schwarzschild shadow
Abstract abridged due to arXiv length limit; 22 pages, 9 figures
null
10.1088/1475-7516/2021/04/051
null
gr-qc hep-th
http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/
Can a dynamically robust bosonic star (BS) produce an (effective) shadow that mimics that of a black hole (BH)? The BH shadow is linked to the existence of light rings (LRs). For free bosonic fields, yielding mini-BSs, it is known that these stars can become ultra-compact - i.e., possess LRs - but only for perturbatively unstable solutions. We show this remains the case even when different self-interactions are considered. However, an effective shadow can arise in a different way: if BSs reproduce the existence of an innermost stable circular orbit (ISCO) for timelike geodesics (located at $r_{\rm ISCO}=6M$ for a Schwarzschild BH of mass M), the accretion flow morphology around BHs is mimicked and an effective shadow arises in an astrophysical environment. Even though spherical BSs may accommodate stable timelike circular orbits all the way down to their centre, we show the angular velocity along such orbits may have a maximum away from the origin, at $R_{\Omega}$; this scale was recently observed to mimic the BH's ISCO in some scenarios of accretion flow. Then: (i) for free scalar fields or with quartic self-interactions, $R_{\Omega}\neq 0$ only for perturbatively unstable BSs; (ii) for higher scalar self-interactions, e.g. axionic, $R_{\Omega}\neq 0$ is possible for perturbatively stable BSs, but no solution with $R_{\Omega}=6M$ was found in the parameter space explored; (iii) but for free vector fields, yielding Proca stars (PSs), perturbatively stable solutions with $R_{\Omega}\neq 0$ exist, and indeed $R_{\Omega}=6M$ for a particular solution. Thus, dynamically robust spherical PSs can mimic the shadow of a (near-)equilibrium Schwarzschild BH with the same M, in an astrophysical environment, despite the absence of a LR, at least under some observation conditions, as we confirm by comparing the lensing of such PSs and Schwarzschild BHs.
[ { "created": "Tue, 2 Feb 2021 19:00:01 GMT", "version": "v1" }, { "created": "Mon, 19 Apr 2021 16:23:57 GMT", "version": "v2" } ]
2021-04-20
[ [ "Herdeiro", "Carlos A. R.", "" ], [ "Pombo", "Alexandre M.", "" ], [ "Radu", "Eugen", "" ], [ "Cunha", "Pedro V. P.", "" ], [ "Sanchis-Gual", "Nicolas", "" ] ]
Can a dynamically robust bosonic star (BS) produce an (effective) shadow that mimics that of a black hole (BH)? The BH shadow is linked to the existence of light rings (LRs). For free bosonic fields, yielding mini-BSs, it is known that these stars can become ultra-compact - i.e., possess LRs - but only for perturbatively unstable solutions. We show this remains the case even when different self-interactions are considered. However, an effective shadow can arise in a different way: if BSs reproduce the existence of an innermost stable circular orbit (ISCO) for timelike geodesics (located at $r_{\rm ISCO}=6M$ for a Schwarzschild BH of mass M), the accretion flow morphology around BHs is mimicked and an effective shadow arises in an astrophysical environment. Even though spherical BSs may accommodate stable timelike circular orbits all the way down to their centre, we show the angular velocity along such orbits may have a maximum away from the origin, at $R_{\Omega}$; this scale was recently observed to mimic the BH's ISCO in some scenarios of accretion flow. Then: (i) for free scalar fields or with quartic self-interactions, $R_{\Omega}\neq 0$ only for perturbatively unstable BSs; (ii) for higher scalar self-interactions, e.g. axionic, $R_{\Omega}\neq 0$ is possible for perturbatively stable BSs, but no solution with $R_{\Omega}=6M$ was found in the parameter space explored; (iii) but for free vector fields, yielding Proca stars (PSs), perturbatively stable solutions with $R_{\Omega}\neq 0$ exist, and indeed $R_{\Omega}=6M$ for a particular solution. Thus, dynamically robust spherical PSs can mimic the shadow of a (near-)equilibrium Schwarzschild BH with the same M, in an astrophysical environment, despite the absence of a LR, at least under some observation conditions, as we confirm by comparing the lensing of such PSs and Schwarzschild BHs.
gr-qc/9912101
Konoplya
R.A. Konoplya
Small Perturbations in General Relativity: Tensor Harmonics of Arbitrary Symmetry
9 pages, LaTeX 2e with AMS fonts, minor changes, some misprints corrected
Phys.Lett. A268 (2000) 37-44
10.1016/S0375-9601(00)00160-2
null
gr-qc
null
We develop a method for constructing of the basic functions with witch to expand small perturbations of space-time in General Relativity. The method allows to obtain the tensor harmonics for perturbations of the background space-time admitting an arbitrary group of isometry, and to split the linearized Einstein equations into the irreducible combinations. The essential point of the work is the construction of the generalized Casimir operator for the underlying group, which is defined not only on vector but also on tensor fields. It is used to construct the basic functions for spaces of tensor representations of the background metric's group of isometry. The method, being general, is applied here to construction of the basic functions for the case of the three-parameter group of isometry G_3 acting on the two-dimensional non-isotropic surface of transitivity. As quick illustrations of the method we consider the well-known particular cases: cylindrical harmonic for the flat space-time, and Regge-Wheller spherical harmonics for the Schwarzschild metric.
[ { "created": "Thu, 23 Dec 1999 17:46:49 GMT", "version": "v1" }, { "created": "Tue, 25 Jan 2000 16:24:33 GMT", "version": "v2" }, { "created": "Sat, 25 Oct 2003 11:47:02 GMT", "version": "v3" } ]
2009-10-31
[ [ "Konoplya", "R. A.", "" ] ]
We develop a method for constructing of the basic functions with witch to expand small perturbations of space-time in General Relativity. The method allows to obtain the tensor harmonics for perturbations of the background space-time admitting an arbitrary group of isometry, and to split the linearized Einstein equations into the irreducible combinations. The essential point of the work is the construction of the generalized Casimir operator for the underlying group, which is defined not only on vector but also on tensor fields. It is used to construct the basic functions for spaces of tensor representations of the background metric's group of isometry. The method, being general, is applied here to construction of the basic functions for the case of the three-parameter group of isometry G_3 acting on the two-dimensional non-isotropic surface of transitivity. As quick illustrations of the method we consider the well-known particular cases: cylindrical harmonic for the flat space-time, and Regge-Wheller spherical harmonics for the Schwarzschild metric.
1008.4839
Md. Rahman Atiqur
M. Atiqur Rahman
Quantum Nonthermal Radiation of Kerr-anti-de Sitter Black Holes
13 pages
null
null
null
gr-qc
http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/
We examine the properties of Quantum nonthermal radiation of a Kerr-anti-de Sitter (KAdS) black holes. Assuming that a crossing of the positive and negative Dirac energy levels occurs in a region near the event horizon of the hole, and spontaneous quantum nonthermal radiation takes place in the overlap region. We solve the biquadratic equation governing the location of the event horizon of the KAdS black holes and present closed analytic expression for the radii of the horizons.
[ { "created": "Sat, 28 Aug 2010 06:59:45 GMT", "version": "v1" } ]
2010-08-31
[ [ "Rahman", "M. Atiqur", "" ] ]
We examine the properties of Quantum nonthermal radiation of a Kerr-anti-de Sitter (KAdS) black holes. Assuming that a crossing of the positive and negative Dirac energy levels occurs in a region near the event horizon of the hole, and spontaneous quantum nonthermal radiation takes place in the overlap region. We solve the biquadratic equation governing the location of the event horizon of the KAdS black holes and present closed analytic expression for the radii of the horizons.
1810.03936
Anuradha Samajdar
Anuradha Samajdar and Tim Dietrich
Waveform systematics for binary neutron star gravitational wave signals: effects of the point-particle baseline and tidal descriptions
12 pages, 6 figures, 3 tables
Phys. Rev. D 98, 124030 (2018)
10.1103/PhysRevD.98.124030
null
gr-qc astro-ph.HE
http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/
Gravitational wave (GW) astronomy has consolidated its role as a new observational window to reveal the properties of compact binaries in the Universe. In particular, the discovery of the first binary neutron star coalescence, GW170817, led to a number of scientific breakthroughs as the possibility to place constraints on the equation of state of cold matter at supranuclear densities. These constraints and all scientific results based on them require accurate models describing the GW signal to extract the source properties from the measured signal. In this article, we study potential systematic biases during the extraction of source parameters using different descriptions for both, the point-particle dynamics and tidal effects. We find that for the considered cases the mass and spin recovery show almost no systematic bias with respect to the chosen waveform model. However, the extracted tidal effects can be strongly biased, where we find generally that Post-Newtonian approximants predict neutron stars with larger deformability and radii than numerical relativity tuned models. Noteworthy, an increase in the Post-Newtonian order in the tidal phasing does not lead to a monotonic change in the estimated properties. We find that for a signal with strength similar to GW170817, but observed with design sensitivity, the estimated tidal parameters can differ by more than a factor of two depending on the employed tidal description of the waveform approximant. This shows the current need for the development of better waveform models to extract reliably the source properties from upcoming GW detections.
[ { "created": "Tue, 9 Oct 2018 12:26:05 GMT", "version": "v1" } ]
2018-12-26
[ [ "Samajdar", "Anuradha", "" ], [ "Dietrich", "Tim", "" ] ]
Gravitational wave (GW) astronomy has consolidated its role as a new observational window to reveal the properties of compact binaries in the Universe. In particular, the discovery of the first binary neutron star coalescence, GW170817, led to a number of scientific breakthroughs as the possibility to place constraints on the equation of state of cold matter at supranuclear densities. These constraints and all scientific results based on them require accurate models describing the GW signal to extract the source properties from the measured signal. In this article, we study potential systematic biases during the extraction of source parameters using different descriptions for both, the point-particle dynamics and tidal effects. We find that for the considered cases the mass and spin recovery show almost no systematic bias with respect to the chosen waveform model. However, the extracted tidal effects can be strongly biased, where we find generally that Post-Newtonian approximants predict neutron stars with larger deformability and radii than numerical relativity tuned models. Noteworthy, an increase in the Post-Newtonian order in the tidal phasing does not lead to a monotonic change in the estimated properties. We find that for a signal with strength similar to GW170817, but observed with design sensitivity, the estimated tidal parameters can differ by more than a factor of two depending on the employed tidal description of the waveform approximant. This shows the current need for the development of better waveform models to extract reliably the source properties from upcoming GW detections.
gr-qc/0512104
Orhan Donmez
Orhan Donmez
Solution of the 1D Special Relativistic Hydrodynamics(SRH) Equations Using Different Numerical Method and Results from Different Test Problems
8 figures
Appl.Math.Comput. 181 (2006) 256-270
10.1016/j.amc.2006.01.031
null
gr-qc physics.comp-ph
null
In this paper, we have solved 1D special relativistic hydrodynamical equations using different numerical method in computational gas dynamics. The numerical solutions of these equations for smooth wave cases give better solution when we use $Non-TVD$(Total Variable Diminishing) but solution of discontinuity wave produces some oscillation behind the shock. On the other hand, $TVD$ type schemes give good approximation at discontinuity cases. Because $TVD$ schemes completely remove the oscillations, they reduce locally the accuracy of the solution around the extrema.
[ { "created": "Mon, 19 Dec 2005 18:16:47 GMT", "version": "v1" } ]
2007-05-23
[ [ "Donmez", "Orhan", "" ] ]
In this paper, we have solved 1D special relativistic hydrodynamical equations using different numerical method in computational gas dynamics. The numerical solutions of these equations for smooth wave cases give better solution when we use $Non-TVD$(Total Variable Diminishing) but solution of discontinuity wave produces some oscillation behind the shock. On the other hand, $TVD$ type schemes give good approximation at discontinuity cases. Because $TVD$ schemes completely remove the oscillations, they reduce locally the accuracy of the solution around the extrema.
gr-qc/9907004
Jorma Louko
Jorma Louko, Carlo Rovelli
Refined Algebraic Quantization in the oscillator representation of SL(2,R)
30 pages, REVTeX v3.1 with amsfonts. (v4: Published version.)
J.Math.Phys. 41 (2000) 132-155
10.1063/1.533126
AEI 1999-010
gr-qc hep-th math.QA
null
We investigate Refined Algebraic Quantization (RAQ) with group averaging in a constrained Hamiltonian system with unreduced phase space T^*R^4 and gauge group SL(2,R). The reduced phase space M is connected and contains four mutually disconnected `regular' sectors with topology R x S^1, but these sectors are connected to each other through an exceptional set where M is not a manifold and where M has non-Hausdorff topology. The RAQ physical Hilbert space H_{phys} decomposes as H_{phys} = (direct sum of) H_i, where the four subspaces H_i naturally correspond to the four regular sectors of M. The RAQ observable algebra A_{obs}, represented on H_{phys}, contains natural subalgebras represented on each H_i. The group averaging takes place in the oscillator representation of SL(2,R) on L^2(R^{2,2}), and ensuring convergence requires a subtle choice for the test state space: the classical analogue of this choice is to excise from M the exceptional set while nevertheless retaining information about the connections between the regular sectors. A quantum theory with the Hilbert space H_{phys} and a finitely-generated observable subalgebra of A_{obs} is recovered through both Ashtekar's Algebraic Quantization and Isham's group theoretic quantization.
[ { "created": "Fri, 2 Jul 1999 10:04:45 GMT", "version": "v1" }, { "created": "Wed, 14 Jul 1999 19:39:30 GMT", "version": "v2" }, { "created": "Mon, 13 Sep 1999 10:38:27 GMT", "version": "v3" }, { "created": "Sun, 16 Jan 2000 15:14:16 GMT", "version": "v4" } ]
2009-10-31
[ [ "Louko", "Jorma", "" ], [ "Rovelli", "Carlo", "" ] ]
We investigate Refined Algebraic Quantization (RAQ) with group averaging in a constrained Hamiltonian system with unreduced phase space T^*R^4 and gauge group SL(2,R). The reduced phase space M is connected and contains four mutually disconnected `regular' sectors with topology R x S^1, but these sectors are connected to each other through an exceptional set where M is not a manifold and where M has non-Hausdorff topology. The RAQ physical Hilbert space H_{phys} decomposes as H_{phys} = (direct sum of) H_i, where the four subspaces H_i naturally correspond to the four regular sectors of M. The RAQ observable algebra A_{obs}, represented on H_{phys}, contains natural subalgebras represented on each H_i. The group averaging takes place in the oscillator representation of SL(2,R) on L^2(R^{2,2}), and ensuring convergence requires a subtle choice for the test state space: the classical analogue of this choice is to excise from M the exceptional set while nevertheless retaining information about the connections between the regular sectors. A quantum theory with the Hilbert space H_{phys} and a finitely-generated observable subalgebra of A_{obs} is recovered through both Ashtekar's Algebraic Quantization and Isham's group theoretic quantization.
2311.01300
Niels Warburton
LISA Consortium Waveform Working Group: Niayesh Afshordi, Sarp Ak\c{c}ay, Pau Amaro Seoane, Andrea Antonelli, Josu C. Aurrekoetxea, Leor Barack, Enrico Barausse, Robert Benkel, Laura Bernard, Sebastiano Bernuzzi, Emanuele Berti, Matteo Bonetti, B\'eatrice Bonga, Gabriele Bozzola, Richard Brito, Alessandra Buonanno, Alejandro C\'ardenas-Avenda\~no, Marc Casals, David F. Chernoff, Alvin J. K. Chua, Katy Clough, Marta Colleoni, Mekhi Dhesi, Adrien Druart, Leanne Durkan, Guillaume Faye, Deborah Ferguson, Scott E. Field, William E. Gabella, Juan Garc\'ia-Bellido, Miguel Gracia-Linares, Davide Gerosa, Stephen R. Green, Maria Haney, Mark Hannam, Anna Heffernan, Tanja Hinderer, Thomas Helfer, Scott A. Hughes, Sascha Husa, Soichiro Isoyama, Michael L. Katz, Chris Kavanagh, Gaurav Khanna, Larry E. Kidder, Valeriya Korol, Lorenzo K\"uchler, Pablo Laguna, Fran\c{c}ois Larrouturou, Alexandre Le Tiec, Benjamin Leather, Eugene A. Lim, Hyun Lim, Tyson B. Littenberg, Oliver Long, Carlos O. Lousto, Geoffrey Lovelace, Georgios Lukes-Gerakopoulos, Philip Lynch, Rodrigo P. Macedo, Charalampos Markakis, Elisa Maggio, Ilya Mandel, Andrea Maselli, Josh Mathews, Pierre Mourier, David Neilsen, Alessandro Nagar, David A. Nichols, Jan Nov\'ak, Maria Okounkova, Richard O'Shaughnessy, Naritaka Oshita, Conor O'Toole, Zhen Pan, Paolo Pani, George Pappas, Vasileios Paschalidis, Harald P. Pfeiffer, Lorenzo Pompili, Adam Pound, Geraint Pratten, Hannes R. R\"uter, Milton Ruiz, Zeyd Sam, Laura Sberna, Stuart L. Shapiro, Deirdre M. Shoemaker, Carlos F. Sopuerta, Andrew Spiers, Hari Sundar, Nicola Tamanini, Jonathan E. Thompson, Alexandre Toubiana, Antonios Tsokaros, Samuel D. Upton, Maarten van de Meent, Daniele Vernieri, Jeremy M. Wachter, Niels Warburton, Barry Wardell, Helvi Witek, Vojt\v{e}ch Witzany, Huan Yang, Miguel Zilh\~ao, Angelica Albertini, K. G. Arun, Miguel Bezares, Alexander Bonilla, Christian Chapman-Bird, Bradley Cownden, Kevin Cunningham, Chris Devitt, Sam Dolan, Francisco Duque, Conor Dyson, Chris L. Fryer, Jonathan R. Gair, Bruno Giacomazzo, Priti Gupta, Wen-Biao Han, Roland Haas, Eric W. Hirschmann, E. A. Huerta, Philippe Jetzer, Bernard Kelly, Mohammed Khalil, Jack Lewis, Nicole Lloyd-Ronning, Sylvain Marsat, Germano Nardini, Jakob Neef, Adrian Ottewill, Christiana Pantelidou, Gabriel Andres Piovano, Jaime Redondo-Yuste, Laura Sagunski, Leo C. Stein, Viktor Skoup\'y, Ulrich Sperhake, Lorenzo Speri, Thomas F.M. Spieksma, Chris Stevens, David Trestini, Alex Va\~n\'o-Vi\~nuales
Waveform Modelling for the Laser Interferometer Space Antenna
239 pages, 11 figures, white paper from the LISA Consortium Waveform Working Group, invited for submission to Living Reviews in Relativity, updated with comments from community
null
null
null
gr-qc astro-ph.HE
http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/
LISA, the Laser Interferometer Space Antenna, will usher in a new era in gravitational-wave astronomy. As the first anticipated space-based gravitational-wave detector, it will expand our view to the millihertz gravitational-wave sky, where a spectacular variety of interesting new sources abound: from millions of ultra-compact binaries in our Galaxy, to mergers of massive black holes at cosmological distances; from the beginnings of inspirals that will venture into the ground-based detectors' view to the death spiral of compact objects into massive black holes, and many sources in between. Central to realising LISA's discovery potential are waveform models, the theoretical and phenomenological predictions of the pattern of gravitational waves that these sources emit. This white paper is presented on behalf of the Waveform Working Group for the LISA Consortium. It provides a review of the current state of waveform models for LISA sources, and describes the significant challenges that must yet be overcome.
[ { "created": "Thu, 2 Nov 2023 15:15:33 GMT", "version": "v1" }, { "created": "Wed, 20 Dec 2023 15:13:41 GMT", "version": "v2" } ]
2023-12-21
[ [ "LISA Consortium Waveform Working Group", "", "" ], [ "Afshordi", "Niayesh", "" ], [ "Akçay", "Sarp", "" ], [ "Seoane", "Pau Amaro", "" ], [ "Antonelli", "Andrea", "" ], [ "Aurrekoetxea", "Josu C.", "" ], [ "Barack...
LISA, the Laser Interferometer Space Antenna, will usher in a new era in gravitational-wave astronomy. As the first anticipated space-based gravitational-wave detector, it will expand our view to the millihertz gravitational-wave sky, where a spectacular variety of interesting new sources abound: from millions of ultra-compact binaries in our Galaxy, to mergers of massive black holes at cosmological distances; from the beginnings of inspirals that will venture into the ground-based detectors' view to the death spiral of compact objects into massive black holes, and many sources in between. Central to realising LISA's discovery potential are waveform models, the theoretical and phenomenological predictions of the pattern of gravitational waves that these sources emit. This white paper is presented on behalf of the Waveform Working Group for the LISA Consortium. It provides a review of the current state of waveform models for LISA sources, and describes the significant challenges that must yet be overcome.
1805.02854
Abdulla Al Mamon
Abdulla Al Mamon, Kazuharu Bamba
Observational constraints on the jerk parameter with the data of the Hubble parameter
9 pages, 4 figures, 1 table, new references added, version accepted for publication in the European Physical Journal C
null
null
FU-PCG-32
gr-qc astro-ph.CO
http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/
We study the accelerated expansion phase of the universe by using the {\textit{kinematic approach}}. In particular, the deceleration parameter $q$ is parametrized in a model-independent way. Considering a generalized parametrization for $q$, we first obtain the jerk parameter $j$ (a dimensionless third time derivative of the scale factor) and then confront it with cosmic observations. We use the latest observational dataset of the Hubble parameter $H(z)$ consisting of 41 data points in the redshift range of $0.07 \leq z \leq 2.36$, larger than the redshift range that covered by the Type Ia supernova. We also acquire the current values of the deceleration parameter $q_0$, jerk parameter $j_0$ and transition redshift $z_t$ (at which the expansion of the universe switches from being decelerated to accelerated) with $1\sigma$ errors ($68.3\%$ confidence level). As a result, it is demonstrate that the universe is indeed undergoing an accelerated expansion phase following the decelerated one. This is consistent with the present observations. Moreover, we find the departure for the present model from the standard $\Lambda$CDM model according to the evolution of $j$. Furthermore, the evolution of the normalized Hubble parameter is shown for the present model and it is compared with the dataset of $H(z)$.
[ { "created": "Tue, 8 May 2018 06:31:36 GMT", "version": "v1" }, { "created": "Fri, 19 Oct 2018 17:48:27 GMT", "version": "v2" } ]
2018-10-22
[ [ "Mamon", "Abdulla Al", "" ], [ "Bamba", "Kazuharu", "" ] ]
We study the accelerated expansion phase of the universe by using the {\textit{kinematic approach}}. In particular, the deceleration parameter $q$ is parametrized in a model-independent way. Considering a generalized parametrization for $q$, we first obtain the jerk parameter $j$ (a dimensionless third time derivative of the scale factor) and then confront it with cosmic observations. We use the latest observational dataset of the Hubble parameter $H(z)$ consisting of 41 data points in the redshift range of $0.07 \leq z \leq 2.36$, larger than the redshift range that covered by the Type Ia supernova. We also acquire the current values of the deceleration parameter $q_0$, jerk parameter $j_0$ and transition redshift $z_t$ (at which the expansion of the universe switches from being decelerated to accelerated) with $1\sigma$ errors ($68.3\%$ confidence level). As a result, it is demonstrate that the universe is indeed undergoing an accelerated expansion phase following the decelerated one. This is consistent with the present observations. Moreover, we find the departure for the present model from the standard $\Lambda$CDM model according to the evolution of $j$. Furthermore, the evolution of the normalized Hubble parameter is shown for the present model and it is compared with the dataset of $H(z)$.
1312.5808
Alberto Diez-Tejedor
Juan Barranco, Argelia Bernal, Juan Carlos Degollado, Alberto Diez-Tejedor, Miguel Megevand, Miguel Alcubierre, Dario Nunez and Olivier Sarbach
Schwarzschild scalar wigs: spectral analysis and late time behavior
20 pages, 13 figures, 2 tables. Accepted for publication in Phys. Rev. D
Phys. Rev. D 89, 083006 (2014)
10.1103/PhysRevD.89.083006
null
gr-qc
http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/
Using the Green's function representation technique, the late time behavior of localized scalar field distributions on Schwarzschild spacetimes is studied. Assuming arbitrary initial data we perform a spectral analysis, computing the amplitude of each excited quasi-bound mode without the necessity of performing dynamical evolutions. The resulting superposition of modes is compared with a traditional numerical evolution with excellent agreement; therefore, we have an efficient way to determine final black hole wigs. The astrophysical relevance of the quasi-bound modes is discussed in the context of scalar field dark matter models and the axiverse.
[ { "created": "Fri, 20 Dec 2013 04:02:23 GMT", "version": "v1" }, { "created": "Tue, 1 Apr 2014 19:14:44 GMT", "version": "v2" } ]
2014-04-23
[ [ "Barranco", "Juan", "" ], [ "Bernal", "Argelia", "" ], [ "Degollado", "Juan Carlos", "" ], [ "Diez-Tejedor", "Alberto", "" ], [ "Megevand", "Miguel", "" ], [ "Alcubierre", "Miguel", "" ], [ "Nunez", "Dario", ...
Using the Green's function representation technique, the late time behavior of localized scalar field distributions on Schwarzschild spacetimes is studied. Assuming arbitrary initial data we perform a spectral analysis, computing the amplitude of each excited quasi-bound mode without the necessity of performing dynamical evolutions. The resulting superposition of modes is compared with a traditional numerical evolution with excellent agreement; therefore, we have an efficient way to determine final black hole wigs. The astrophysical relevance of the quasi-bound modes is discussed in the context of scalar field dark matter models and the axiverse.
0812.2825
Merced Montesinos
Merced Montesinos, Mercedes Velazquez
Husain-Kuchar model as a constrained BF theory
new version, 5 pages, no figures, LaTeX file
null
10.1063/1.3284385
null
gr-qc
http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/
The Husain-Kuchar theory is a four-dimensional background-independent model that has long been viewed as a useful model for addressing several conceptual and technical problems appearing in the quantization of general relativity mainly in the loop quantum gravity approach. The model was defined at Lagrangian level in terms of a su(2)-valued connection one-form $A$ coupled through its curvature to a su(2)-valued one-form field $e$. We address here the problem of writing a Lagrangian formulation for the Husain-Kuchar model as a constrained BF theory motivated by the fact that spin foam models for quantum gravity are related to action principles of the BF type. The Lagrangian action principle for the Husain-Kuchar model reported here differs from a previous one found by Barbero et al in that this description involves a single constrained BF theory rather than two interacting BF theories. It is, essentially, the Plebanski action with the condition on the trace of the Lagrange multipliers removed. Moreover, it can be stated that the relationship between our BF-like action and the original one for the Husain-Kuchar model is the same relationship that exists between the Plebanski action and the self-dual Palatini action for complex general relativity, first because the solution to the constraint on the two-forms $\Sigma^i$ coming from the BF-like action leads to the Husain-Kuchar action, and second because the Hamiltonian analysis of the Husain-Kuchar model is straightforward starting from the BF-like action principle.
[ { "created": "Mon, 15 Dec 2008 14:57:40 GMT", "version": "v1" }, { "created": "Wed, 22 Apr 2009 19:12:04 GMT", "version": "v2" } ]
2015-05-13
[ [ "Montesinos", "Merced", "" ], [ "Velazquez", "Mercedes", "" ] ]
The Husain-Kuchar theory is a four-dimensional background-independent model that has long been viewed as a useful model for addressing several conceptual and technical problems appearing in the quantization of general relativity mainly in the loop quantum gravity approach. The model was defined at Lagrangian level in terms of a su(2)-valued connection one-form $A$ coupled through its curvature to a su(2)-valued one-form field $e$. We address here the problem of writing a Lagrangian formulation for the Husain-Kuchar model as a constrained BF theory motivated by the fact that spin foam models for quantum gravity are related to action principles of the BF type. The Lagrangian action principle for the Husain-Kuchar model reported here differs from a previous one found by Barbero et al in that this description involves a single constrained BF theory rather than two interacting BF theories. It is, essentially, the Plebanski action with the condition on the trace of the Lagrange multipliers removed. Moreover, it can be stated that the relationship between our BF-like action and the original one for the Husain-Kuchar model is the same relationship that exists between the Plebanski action and the self-dual Palatini action for complex general relativity, first because the solution to the constraint on the two-forms $\Sigma^i$ coming from the BF-like action leads to the Husain-Kuchar action, and second because the Hamiltonian analysis of the Husain-Kuchar model is straightforward starting from the BF-like action principle.
2401.14048
Ethan James German Mr.
Ethan James German and Joseph Sultana
Turnaround Radius for charged particles in the Reissner-Nordstr\"{o}m deSitter spacetime
22 pages, 7 figures
null
10.1007/s10714-024-03248-2
null
gr-qc
http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/
We investigate the turnaround radius of the Reissner-Nordstr\"{o}m deSitter Spacetime and how the turnaround radius changes if a test particle carries charge. We also consider the Mart\'{i}nez-Troncoso-Zanelli (MTZ) solution of conformally coupled gravity and investigate how the turnaround radius changes for a scalar test charge. In both scalar and electric interaction cases we find that the Turnaround Radius depends on the particle's energy.
[ { "created": "Thu, 25 Jan 2024 10:06:48 GMT", "version": "v1" }, { "created": "Fri, 26 Jan 2024 11:26:11 GMT", "version": "v2" } ]
2024-05-22
[ [ "German", "Ethan James", "" ], [ "Sultana", "Joseph", "" ] ]
We investigate the turnaround radius of the Reissner-Nordstr\"{o}m deSitter Spacetime and how the turnaround radius changes if a test particle carries charge. We also consider the Mart\'{i}nez-Troncoso-Zanelli (MTZ) solution of conformally coupled gravity and investigate how the turnaround radius changes for a scalar test charge. In both scalar and electric interaction cases we find that the Turnaround Radius depends on the particle's energy.
0711.2840
Vladimir Dzhunushaliev
Vladimir Dzhunushaliev and Vladimir Folomeev
4D static solutions with interacting phantom fields
final version
Int.J.Mod.Phys.D17:2125-2142,2008
10.1142/S0218271808013753
null
gr-qc
null
Three static models with two interacting phantom and ghost scalar fields were considered: a model of a traversable wormhole, a brane-like model and a spherically symmetric problem. It was shown numerically that regular solutions exist for all three cases.
[ { "created": "Mon, 19 Nov 2007 04:31:30 GMT", "version": "v1" }, { "created": "Wed, 6 Feb 2008 06:02:58 GMT", "version": "v2" } ]
2009-02-11
[ [ "Dzhunushaliev", "Vladimir", "" ], [ "Folomeev", "Vladimir", "" ] ]
Three static models with two interacting phantom and ghost scalar fields were considered: a model of a traversable wormhole, a brane-like model and a spherically symmetric problem. It was shown numerically that regular solutions exist for all three cases.
1604.08706
Yun Soo Myung
Yun Soo Myung
Comment on Quantum Massive Conformal Gravity
4 pages, no figures
null
10.1140/epjc/s10052-016-4165-y
null
gr-qc hep-th
http://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/zero/1.0/
In a recent paper in EPJC March 2016, Faria has shown that quantum massive conformal gravity is renormalizable but has ghost states. We comment this paper on the aspect of renormalizability.
[ { "created": "Fri, 29 Apr 2016 07:02:09 GMT", "version": "v1" } ]
2016-07-20
[ [ "Myung", "Yun Soo", "" ] ]
In a recent paper in EPJC March 2016, Faria has shown that quantum massive conformal gravity is renormalizable but has ghost states. We comment this paper on the aspect of renormalizability.
2104.00521
Enrique Gaztanaga
Enrique Gaztanaga and Pablo Fosalba
A peek outside our Universe
3 pages. Essay written for the Gravity Research Foundation 2021 Awards for Essays on Gravitation
Symmetry 2022, 14, 285
10.3390/sym14020285
null
gr-qc astro-ph.CO hep-th
http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/
According to general relativity (GR), a universe with a cosmological constant $\Lambda$, like ours, is trapped inside an event horizon, $r< \sqrt{3/\Lambda}$. What is outside? We show, using Israel (1967) junction conditions, that there could be a different universe outside. Our universe looks like a black hole for an outside observer. Outgoing radial null geodesics cannot escape our universe, but incoming photons can enter and leave an imprint on our CMB sky. We present a picture of such a fossil record from the analysis of CMB maps that agrees with the black hole universe predictions but challenges our understanding of the origin of the primordial universe.
[ { "created": "Wed, 31 Mar 2021 10:54:01 GMT", "version": "v1" }, { "created": "Wed, 2 Feb 2022 18:42:39 GMT", "version": "v2" } ]
2022-02-03
[ [ "Gaztanaga", "Enrique", "" ], [ "Fosalba", "Pablo", "" ] ]
According to general relativity (GR), a universe with a cosmological constant $\Lambda$, like ours, is trapped inside an event horizon, $r< \sqrt{3/\Lambda}$. What is outside? We show, using Israel (1967) junction conditions, that there could be a different universe outside. Our universe looks like a black hole for an outside observer. Outgoing radial null geodesics cannot escape our universe, but incoming photons can enter and leave an imprint on our CMB sky. We present a picture of such a fossil record from the analysis of CMB maps that agrees with the black hole universe predictions but challenges our understanding of the origin of the primordial universe.
gr-qc/0307088
Kayll Lake
Piotr T. Chru\'sciel and Kayll Lake
Cauchy horizons in Gowdy space times
25 pages Latex. Further information at http://grtensor.org/gowdy/
Class.Quant.Grav. 21 (2004) S153-S170
10.1088/0264-9381/21/3/010
null
gr-qc
null
We analyse exhaustively the structure of \emph{non-degenerate} Cauchy horizons in Gowdy space-times, and we establish existence of a large class of non-polarized Gowdy space-times with such horizons. Added in proof: Our results here, together with deep new results of H. Ringstr\"om (talk at the Miami Waves conference, January 2004), establish strong cosmic censorship in (toroidal) Gowdy space-times.
[ { "created": "Fri, 18 Jul 2003 19:18:55 GMT", "version": "v1" }, { "created": "Mon, 12 Jan 2004 20:21:58 GMT", "version": "v2" } ]
2009-11-10
[ [ "Chruściel", "Piotr T.", "" ], [ "Lake", "Kayll", "" ] ]
We analyse exhaustively the structure of \emph{non-degenerate} Cauchy horizons in Gowdy space-times, and we establish existence of a large class of non-polarized Gowdy space-times with such horizons. Added in proof: Our results here, together with deep new results of H. Ringstr\"om (talk at the Miami Waves conference, January 2004), establish strong cosmic censorship in (toroidal) Gowdy space-times.
gr-qc/9809037
Thomas P. Kling
Thomas P. Kling and Ezra T. Newman
Null Cones in Schwarzschild Geometry
31 pages, 5 figures
Phys.Rev. D59 (1999) 124002
10.1103/PhysRevD.59.124002
null
gr-qc
null
Light cones of Schwarzschild geometry are studied in connection to the Null Surface Formulation and gravitational lensing. The paper studies the light cone cut function's singularity structure, gives exact gravitational lensing equations, and shows that the "pseudo-Minkowski" coordinates are well defined within the model considered.
[ { "created": "Wed, 9 Sep 1998 18:31:23 GMT", "version": "v1" } ]
2009-10-31
[ [ "Kling", "Thomas P.", "" ], [ "Newman", "Ezra T.", "" ] ]
Light cones of Schwarzschild geometry are studied in connection to the Null Surface Formulation and gravitational lensing. The paper studies the light cone cut function's singularity structure, gives exact gravitational lensing equations, and shows that the "pseudo-Minkowski" coordinates are well defined within the model considered.
gr-qc/0502073
Ernesto F. Eiroa
Ernesto F. Eiroa, Claudio Simeone
Thin-shell wormholes in dilaton gravity
7 pages, 1 figure; v2: shortened and improved. Accepted for publication in Physical Review D
Phys.Rev. D71 (2005) 127501
10.1103/PhysRevD.71.127501
null
gr-qc hep-th
null
In this work we construct charged thin-shell Lorentzian wormholes in dilaton gravity. The exotic matter required for the construction is localized in the shell and the energy conditions are satisfied outside the shell. The total amount of exotic matter is calculated and its dependence with the parameters of the model is analysed.
[ { "created": "Tue, 15 Feb 2005 16:15:36 GMT", "version": "v1" }, { "created": "Thu, 2 Jun 2005 17:33:34 GMT", "version": "v2" } ]
2007-05-23
[ [ "Eiroa", "Ernesto F.", "" ], [ "Simeone", "Claudio", "" ] ]
In this work we construct charged thin-shell Lorentzian wormholes in dilaton gravity. The exotic matter required for the construction is localized in the shell and the energy conditions are satisfied outside the shell. The total amount of exotic matter is calculated and its dependence with the parameters of the model is analysed.
1710.05968
Nandan Roy
Nandan Roy and Nivedita Bhadra
Dynamical systems analysis of phantom models
11 pages, 24 figures
null
10.1088/1475-7516/2018/06/002
null
gr-qc math.DS
http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/
In this work, we study the dynamical systems analysis of phantom dark energy models considering a general potential. The stability analysis of the system shows that there is only one fixed point which could be the beginning of the universe but there could be many options for our future destiny. A detail numerical analysis of the system is also done using three different schemes and it shows that the late time behavior of the system is consistent with the recent observations.
[ { "created": "Mon, 16 Oct 2017 19:38:47 GMT", "version": "v1" }, { "created": "Sat, 10 Mar 2018 03:18:30 GMT", "version": "v2" }, { "created": "Wed, 14 Mar 2018 03:03:15 GMT", "version": "v3" } ]
2018-06-13
[ [ "Roy", "Nandan", "" ], [ "Bhadra", "Nivedita", "" ] ]
In this work, we study the dynamical systems analysis of phantom dark energy models considering a general potential. The stability analysis of the system shows that there is only one fixed point which could be the beginning of the universe but there could be many options for our future destiny. A detail numerical analysis of the system is also done using three different schemes and it shows that the late time behavior of the system is consistent with the recent observations.
2308.07862
Kavya N S
V. Venkatesha, Chaitra Chooda Chalavadi, N. S. Kavya, P. K. Sahoo
Wormhole Geometry and Three-Dimensional Embedding in Extended Symmetric Teleparallel Gravity
New Astronomy published version
New Astronomy, 105 (2024) 102090
10.1016/j.newast.2023.102090
null
gr-qc hep-th
http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/
In the present manuscript, we study traversable wormhole solutions in the background of extended symmetric teleparallel gravity with matter coupling. With the anisotropic matter distribution we probe the wormhole geometry for two different gravity models. Primarily, we consider the linear model $ f(Q,T) =Q + 2 \, \xi \,T$. Firstly, we presume a logarithmic form of shape function and analyze the scenario for different redshift functions. Secondly, for a specific form of energy density, we derive a shape function and note its satisfying behavior. Next, for the non-linear model $f(Q,T) = Q + \alpha ,Q^2 + \beta ,T$ and a specific shape function we examine the wormhole solution. Further, with the aid of embedding diagrams, we interpreted the geometry of wormhole models. Finally, we conclude results.
[ { "created": "Tue, 25 Jul 2023 05:32:44 GMT", "version": "v1" } ]
2023-08-16
[ [ "Venkatesha", "V.", "" ], [ "Chalavadi", "Chaitra Chooda", "" ], [ "Kavya", "N. S.", "" ], [ "Sahoo", "P. K.", "" ] ]
In the present manuscript, we study traversable wormhole solutions in the background of extended symmetric teleparallel gravity with matter coupling. With the anisotropic matter distribution we probe the wormhole geometry for two different gravity models. Primarily, we consider the linear model $ f(Q,T) =Q + 2 \, \xi \,T$. Firstly, we presume a logarithmic form of shape function and analyze the scenario for different redshift functions. Secondly, for a specific form of energy density, we derive a shape function and note its satisfying behavior. Next, for the non-linear model $f(Q,T) = Q + \alpha ,Q^2 + \beta ,T$ and a specific shape function we examine the wormhole solution. Further, with the aid of embedding diagrams, we interpreted the geometry of wormhole models. Finally, we conclude results.
gr-qc/0510126
James B. Hartle
James B. Hartle
Generalizing Quantum Mechanics for Quantum Gravity
8 pages, LATEX, a very brief abstract of much work
Int.J.Theor.Phys. 45 (2006) 1390-1396
10.1007/s10773-006-9134-z
null
gr-qc hep-th quant-ph
null
`How do our ideas about quantum mechanics affect our understanding of spacetime?' This familiar question leads to quantum gravity. The complementary question is also important: `How do our ideas about spacetime affect our understanding of quantum mechanics?' This short abstract of a talk given at the Gafka2004 conference contains a very brief summary of some of the author's papers on generalizations of quantum mechanics needed for quantum gravity. The need for generalization is motivated. The generalized quantum theory framework for such generalizations is described and illustrated for usual quantum mechanics and a number of examples to which it does not apply. These include spacetime alternatives extended over time, time-neutral quantum theory, quantum field theory in fixed background spacetime not foliable by spacelike surfaces, and systems with histories that move both forward and backward in time. A fully four-dimensional, sum-over-histories generalized quantum theory of cosmological geometries is briefly described. The usual formulation of quantum theory in terms of states evolving unitarily through spacelike surfaces is an approximation to this more general framework that is appropriate in the late universe for coarse-grained descriptions of geometry in which spacetime behaves classically. This abstract is unlikely to be clear on its own, but references are provided to the author's works where the ideas can be followed up.
[ { "created": "Sun, 30 Oct 2005 18:38:58 GMT", "version": "v1" } ]
2009-11-11
[ [ "Hartle", "James B.", "" ] ]
`How do our ideas about quantum mechanics affect our understanding of spacetime?' This familiar question leads to quantum gravity. The complementary question is also important: `How do our ideas about spacetime affect our understanding of quantum mechanics?' This short abstract of a talk given at the Gafka2004 conference contains a very brief summary of some of the author's papers on generalizations of quantum mechanics needed for quantum gravity. The need for generalization is motivated. The generalized quantum theory framework for such generalizations is described and illustrated for usual quantum mechanics and a number of examples to which it does not apply. These include spacetime alternatives extended over time, time-neutral quantum theory, quantum field theory in fixed background spacetime not foliable by spacelike surfaces, and systems with histories that move both forward and backward in time. A fully four-dimensional, sum-over-histories generalized quantum theory of cosmological geometries is briefly described. The usual formulation of quantum theory in terms of states evolving unitarily through spacelike surfaces is an approximation to this more general framework that is appropriate in the late universe for coarse-grained descriptions of geometry in which spacetime behaves classically. This abstract is unlikely to be clear on its own, but references are provided to the author's works where the ideas can be followed up.
2106.12513
David Prinz
David Prinz and Alexander Schmeding
Lie Theory for Asymptotic Symmetries in General Relativity: The BMS Group
29 pages, article; minor revisions; version to appear in Classical and Quantum Gravity
Class. Quantum Grav. 39 (2022) 065004
10.1088/1361-6382/ac4ae2
null
gr-qc math-ph math.GR math.MP
http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/
We study the Lie group structure of asymptotic symmetry groups in General Relativity from the viewpoint of infinite-dimensional geometry. To this end, we review the geometric definition of asymptotic simplicity and emptiness due to Penrose and the coordinate-wise definition of asymptotic flatness due to Bondi et al. Then we construct the Lie group structure of the Bondi--Metzner--Sachs (BMS) group and discuss its Lie theoretic properties. We find that the BMS group is regular in the sense of Milnor, but not real analytic. This motivates us to conjecture that it is not locally exponential. Finally, we verify the Trotter property as well as the commutator property. As an outlook, we comment on the situation of related asymptotic symmetry groups. In particular, the much more involved situation of the Newman--Unti group is highlighted, which will be studied in future work.
[ { "created": "Wed, 23 Jun 2021 16:30:00 GMT", "version": "v1" }, { "created": "Wed, 26 Jan 2022 17:30:00 GMT", "version": "v2" } ]
2022-03-01
[ [ "Prinz", "David", "" ], [ "Schmeding", "Alexander", "" ] ]
We study the Lie group structure of asymptotic symmetry groups in General Relativity from the viewpoint of infinite-dimensional geometry. To this end, we review the geometric definition of asymptotic simplicity and emptiness due to Penrose and the coordinate-wise definition of asymptotic flatness due to Bondi et al. Then we construct the Lie group structure of the Bondi--Metzner--Sachs (BMS) group and discuss its Lie theoretic properties. We find that the BMS group is regular in the sense of Milnor, but not real analytic. This motivates us to conjecture that it is not locally exponential. Finally, we verify the Trotter property as well as the commutator property. As an outlook, we comment on the situation of related asymptotic symmetry groups. In particular, the much more involved situation of the Newman--Unti group is highlighted, which will be studied in future work.
2309.10903
Antonio Enea Romano
Antonio Enea Romano, Mairi Sakellariadou
Constraining the time evolution of the propagation speed of gravitational waves with multimessenger astronomy
null
null
null
null
gr-qc astro-ph.CO
http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/
Several modified gravity theories predict a possible time variation of the propagation speed of gravitational waves (GW) which could be tested with multimessenger astronomy. For this purpose we derive the relation between the redshift dependence of the propagation speed of GWs and the time delay between the detection of GWs and electromagnetic waves (EMWs) emitted by the same source. For theories with Einstein frame minimal matter-gravity coupling (EMC) the propagation speed of GWs can be jointly constrained by the time delay between GWs and EWs and the GW-EMW luminosity distance ratio, allowing to derive a consistency relation between these two observables. The event GW 170817 and its EM counterpart satisfy the consistency condition, confirming the EMC, and allow to set strong constraints on the time variation of the GWs speed.
[ { "created": "Tue, 19 Sep 2023 19:57:10 GMT", "version": "v1" }, { "created": "Wed, 6 Dec 2023 23:58:43 GMT", "version": "v2" } ]
2023-12-08
[ [ "Romano", "Antonio Enea", "" ], [ "Sakellariadou", "Mairi", "" ] ]
Several modified gravity theories predict a possible time variation of the propagation speed of gravitational waves (GW) which could be tested with multimessenger astronomy. For this purpose we derive the relation between the redshift dependence of the propagation speed of GWs and the time delay between the detection of GWs and electromagnetic waves (EMWs) emitted by the same source. For theories with Einstein frame minimal matter-gravity coupling (EMC) the propagation speed of GWs can be jointly constrained by the time delay between GWs and EWs and the GW-EMW luminosity distance ratio, allowing to derive a consistency relation between these two observables. The event GW 170817 and its EM counterpart satisfy the consistency condition, confirming the EMC, and allow to set strong constraints on the time variation of the GWs speed.
1911.04487
Emil M. Prodanov
Rossen I. Ivanov and Emil M. Prodanov
Integrable Cosmological Model with van der Waals Gas and Matter Creation
25 pages, 21 figures, 1 table
Physical Review D 99, 063501 (2019)
10.1103/PhysRevD.99.063501
null
gr-qc hep-th
http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/
A cosmological model with van der Waals gas and dust has been studied in the context of a three-component autonomous non-linear dynamical system involving the time evolution of the particle number density, the Hubble parameter and the temperature. Due to the presence of a symmetry of the model, the temperature evolution law is determined (in terms of the particle number density) and with this the dynamical system reduces to a two-component one which is fully integrable. The globally conserved Hamiltonian is identified and, in addition to it, some special (second) integrals, defined and conserved on a lower-dimensional manifold, are found. The parameter choices and their implication for the global dynamics in terms of cosmological relevance are comprehensively studied and the physically meaningful parameter values are identified.
[ { "created": "Mon, 11 Nov 2019 16:06:10 GMT", "version": "v1" } ]
2019-11-13
[ [ "Ivanov", "Rossen I.", "" ], [ "Prodanov", "Emil M.", "" ] ]
A cosmological model with van der Waals gas and dust has been studied in the context of a three-component autonomous non-linear dynamical system involving the time evolution of the particle number density, the Hubble parameter and the temperature. Due to the presence of a symmetry of the model, the temperature evolution law is determined (in terms of the particle number density) and with this the dynamical system reduces to a two-component one which is fully integrable. The globally conserved Hamiltonian is identified and, in addition to it, some special (second) integrals, defined and conserved on a lower-dimensional manifold, are found. The parameter choices and their implication for the global dynamics in terms of cosmological relevance are comprehensively studied and the physically meaningful parameter values are identified.
gr-qc/9509014
Rafael Vera Mege
Rafael A. Vera
Unified Relativistic Physics from a Standing Wave Particle Model
17 pages, latex.To appear (5 pages) in Proc.of the 6th Canadian Conf. on Gen. Rel and Rel. Astroph, with paralel work on the new astrophys. context
null
null
DFUDEC-95-RV9
gr-qc astro-ph quant-ph
null
An extremely simple and unified base for physics comes out by starting all over from a single postulate on the common nature of matter and stationary forms of radiation quanta. Basic relativistic, gravitational (G) and quantum mechanical properties of a standing wave particle model have been derived. This has been done from just dual properties of radiation's and strictly homogeneous relationships for nonlocal cases in G fields. This way reduces the number of independent variables and puts into relief (and avoid) important inhomogeneity errors of some G theories. It unifies and accounts for basic principles and postulates physics. The results for gravity depend on linear radiation properties but not on arbitrary field relations. They agree with the conventional tests. However they have some fundamental differences with current G theories. The particle model, at a difference of the conventional theories, also fixes well-defined cosmological and astrophysical models that are different from the rather conventional ones. They have been described and tested with the astronomical observations. These tests have been resumed in a separated work to be sent to the astro Archive.
[ { "created": "Thu, 7 Sep 1995 16:38:23 GMT", "version": "v1" } ]
2007-05-23
[ [ "Vera", "Rafael A.", "" ] ]
An extremely simple and unified base for physics comes out by starting all over from a single postulate on the common nature of matter and stationary forms of radiation quanta. Basic relativistic, gravitational (G) and quantum mechanical properties of a standing wave particle model have been derived. This has been done from just dual properties of radiation's and strictly homogeneous relationships for nonlocal cases in G fields. This way reduces the number of independent variables and puts into relief (and avoid) important inhomogeneity errors of some G theories. It unifies and accounts for basic principles and postulates physics. The results for gravity depend on linear radiation properties but not on arbitrary field relations. They agree with the conventional tests. However they have some fundamental differences with current G theories. The particle model, at a difference of the conventional theories, also fixes well-defined cosmological and astrophysical models that are different from the rather conventional ones. They have been described and tested with the astronomical observations. These tests have been resumed in a separated work to be sent to the astro Archive.
2109.00357
Viktor T. Toth
Viktor T. Toth
Gravitoelectromagnetism and stellar orbits in galaxies
5 pages, no figures (accepted for publication in Int. J. Mod. Phys. D)
null
10.1142/S0218271821501029
null
gr-qc astro-ph.GA
http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/
Beyond the Newtonian approximation, gravitational fields in general relativity can be described using a formalism known as gravitoelectromagnetism. In this formalism a vector potential, the gravitomagnetic potential, arises as a result of moving masses, in strong analogy with the magnetic force due to moving charges in Maxwell's theory. Gravitomagnetism can affect orbits in the gravitational field of a massive, rotating body. This raises the possibility that gravitomagnetism may serve as the dominant physics behind the anomalous rotation curves of spiral galaxies, eliminating the need for dark matter. In this essay, we methodically work out the magnitude of the gravitomagnetic equivalent of the Lorentz force and apply the result to the Milky Way. We find that the resulting contribution is too small to produce an observable effect on these orbits. We also investigate the impact of cosmological boundary conditions on the result and find that these, too, are negligible.
[ { "created": "Tue, 31 Aug 2021 01:21:09 GMT", "version": "v1" } ]
2021-09-02
[ [ "Toth", "Viktor T.", "" ] ]
Beyond the Newtonian approximation, gravitational fields in general relativity can be described using a formalism known as gravitoelectromagnetism. In this formalism a vector potential, the gravitomagnetic potential, arises as a result of moving masses, in strong analogy with the magnetic force due to moving charges in Maxwell's theory. Gravitomagnetism can affect orbits in the gravitational field of a massive, rotating body. This raises the possibility that gravitomagnetism may serve as the dominant physics behind the anomalous rotation curves of spiral galaxies, eliminating the need for dark matter. In this essay, we methodically work out the magnitude of the gravitomagnetic equivalent of the Lorentz force and apply the result to the Milky Way. We find that the resulting contribution is too small to produce an observable effect on these orbits. We also investigate the impact of cosmological boundary conditions on the result and find that these, too, are negligible.
1105.5653
Neelima Kelkar Dr
D. Batic, N. G. Kelkar, M. Nowakowski
Comment on "Quasinormal modes in Schwarzschild-de Sitter spacetime: A simple derivation of the level spacing of the frequencies"
null
Phys.Rev.D83:108501,2011
10.1103/PhysRevD.83.108501
null
gr-qc
http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/
It is shown here that the extraction of quasinormal modes (QNMs) within the first Born approximation of the scattering amplitude is mathematically not well founded. Indeed, the constraints on the existence of the scattering amplitude integral lead to inequalities for the imaginary parts of the QNM frequencies. For instance, in the Schwarzschild case, $0 \leq \omega_I < \kappa$ (where $\kappa$ is the surface gravity at the horizon) invalidates the poles deduced from the first Born approximation method, namely, $\omega_n = i n \kappa$.
[ { "created": "Fri, 27 May 2011 20:14:16 GMT", "version": "v1" } ]
2011-06-06
[ [ "Batic", "D.", "" ], [ "Kelkar", "N. G.", "" ], [ "Nowakowski", "M.", "" ] ]
It is shown here that the extraction of quasinormal modes (QNMs) within the first Born approximation of the scattering amplitude is mathematically not well founded. Indeed, the constraints on the existence of the scattering amplitude integral lead to inequalities for the imaginary parts of the QNM frequencies. For instance, in the Schwarzschild case, $0 \leq \omega_I < \kappa$ (where $\kappa$ is the surface gravity at the horizon) invalidates the poles deduced from the first Born approximation method, namely, $\omega_n = i n \kappa$.
2303.06563
Ohkyung Kwon
Craig Hogan, Ohkyung Kwon, and Nathaniel Selub
Angular spectrum of quantum fluctuations in causal structure
5 pages, 2 figures. PRD accepted version
Phys. Rev. D 109, 123505 (2024)
10.1103/PhysRevD.109.123505
null
gr-qc quant-ph
http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/
Scaling arguments are used to constrain the angular spectrum of distortions on boundaries of macroscopic causal diamonds, produced by Planck-scale vacuum fluctuations of causally-coherent quantum gravity. The small-angle spectrum of displacement is derived from a form of scale invariance: the variance and fluctuation rate of distortions normal to the surface of a causal diamond of radius $R$ at transverse physical separation $c\tau\ll R$ should depend only on $\tau$, with a normalization set by the Planck time $t_P$, and should not depend on $R$. For measurements on scale $R$, the principle leads to universal scaling for variance on angular scale $\Theta$, $\langle\delta\tau^2\rangle_\Theta\simeq\tau\:\!t_p\sim\Theta R\:\!t_P/c$, and angular power spectrum $C_\ell\sim (R\:\!l_P)/\ell^3$ at $\ell\gg1$. This spectrum is consistent with a relational model of holographic noise based on causally coherent virtual null gravitational shocks, a general picture conjectured for all $\ell$. The high $\ell$ scaling is contrasted with that predicted in some other quantum models, which differ by one power of angular wavenumber $\ell$ and are shown to predict excessive blurring of images from distant sources.
[ { "created": "Sun, 12 Mar 2023 04:05:41 GMT", "version": "v1" }, { "created": "Sun, 12 May 2024 22:00:05 GMT", "version": "v2" } ]
2024-07-02
[ [ "Hogan", "Craig", "" ], [ "Kwon", "Ohkyung", "" ], [ "Selub", "Nathaniel", "" ] ]
Scaling arguments are used to constrain the angular spectrum of distortions on boundaries of macroscopic causal diamonds, produced by Planck-scale vacuum fluctuations of causally-coherent quantum gravity. The small-angle spectrum of displacement is derived from a form of scale invariance: the variance and fluctuation rate of distortions normal to the surface of a causal diamond of radius $R$ at transverse physical separation $c\tau\ll R$ should depend only on $\tau$, with a normalization set by the Planck time $t_P$, and should not depend on $R$. For measurements on scale $R$, the principle leads to universal scaling for variance on angular scale $\Theta$, $\langle\delta\tau^2\rangle_\Theta\simeq\tau\:\!t_p\sim\Theta R\:\!t_P/c$, and angular power spectrum $C_\ell\sim (R\:\!l_P)/\ell^3$ at $\ell\gg1$. This spectrum is consistent with a relational model of holographic noise based on causally coherent virtual null gravitational shocks, a general picture conjectured for all $\ell$. The high $\ell$ scaling is contrasted with that predicted in some other quantum models, which differ by one power of angular wavenumber $\ell$ and are shown to predict excessive blurring of images from distant sources.
2310.04514
Misbah Shahzadi
Misbah Shahzadi, Martin Kolos, Rabia Saleem, Yousaf Habib, Adrian Eduarte-Rojas
Structure-preserving numerical simulations of test particle dynamics around slowly rotating neutron stars within Hartle-Thorne approach
21 pages, 12 figures
Physical Review D, 108, 103006 (2023)
10.1103/PhysRevD.108.103006
null
gr-qc astro-ph.HE nlin.CD
http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/
In this paper, we explore the chaotic signatures of the geodesic dynamics for particles moving in the slowly rotating Hartle-Thorne spacetime; an approximate solution of vacuum Einstein field equations describing the exterior of a massive, deformed, and slowly rotating compact object. We employ the numerical study to examine the geodesics of prolate and oblate deformations for generic orbits and find the plateaus of the rotation curve, which are associated with the existence of Birkhoff islands in the Poincare surface of the section, where the ratio of the radial and polar frequency of geodesics remains constant throughout the island. We investigate various phase space structures, including hyperbolic points and chaotic regions in the neighborhood of resonant islands. Moreover, chaotic behavior is observed to be governed by the stickiness phenomenon, where chaotic orbits remain attached to stable ones for an extended duration before eventually diverging and are attracted toward the surface of the neutron star. The precision of the numerical integration used to simulate the particle's trajectories plays a crucial role in the structures of the Poincare surface of the section. We present a comparison of several efficient structure-preserving numerical schemes of order four applied to the considered non-integrable dynamical system and we investigate which schemes possess the canonical property of the Hamiltonian flow. Among the class of non-symplectic integrators, we employ the explicit Runge-Kutta method and explicit general linear method with a standard projection technique to project the numerical solution onto the desired manifold. The projection scheme admits the integration without any drift from the desired manifold and is computationally cost-effective. We are concerned with two crucial aspects -- long-term behaviour and CPU time consumption.
[ { "created": "Fri, 6 Oct 2023 18:15:51 GMT", "version": "v1" } ]
2024-03-19
[ [ "Shahzadi", "Misbah", "" ], [ "Kolos", "Martin", "" ], [ "Saleem", "Rabia", "" ], [ "Habib", "Yousaf", "" ], [ "Eduarte-Rojas", "Adrian", "" ] ]
In this paper, we explore the chaotic signatures of the geodesic dynamics for particles moving in the slowly rotating Hartle-Thorne spacetime; an approximate solution of vacuum Einstein field equations describing the exterior of a massive, deformed, and slowly rotating compact object. We employ the numerical study to examine the geodesics of prolate and oblate deformations for generic orbits and find the plateaus of the rotation curve, which are associated with the existence of Birkhoff islands in the Poincare surface of the section, where the ratio of the radial and polar frequency of geodesics remains constant throughout the island. We investigate various phase space structures, including hyperbolic points and chaotic regions in the neighborhood of resonant islands. Moreover, chaotic behavior is observed to be governed by the stickiness phenomenon, where chaotic orbits remain attached to stable ones for an extended duration before eventually diverging and are attracted toward the surface of the neutron star. The precision of the numerical integration used to simulate the particle's trajectories plays a crucial role in the structures of the Poincare surface of the section. We present a comparison of several efficient structure-preserving numerical schemes of order four applied to the considered non-integrable dynamical system and we investigate which schemes possess the canonical property of the Hamiltonian flow. Among the class of non-symplectic integrators, we employ the explicit Runge-Kutta method and explicit general linear method with a standard projection technique to project the numerical solution onto the desired manifold. The projection scheme admits the integration without any drift from the desired manifold and is computationally cost-effective. We are concerned with two crucial aspects -- long-term behaviour and CPU time consumption.
gr-qc/9604014
Int. Lab. HTSC and Sse
Sergiu I. Vacaru
Stochastic Processes and Diffusion on Spaces with Local Anisotropy
45 pages, Revtex, submitted to the Journal of Theoretical Probability
G. Tsagas (ed.) "Global Analysis, Differential Geometry and Lie Algebras" (Geometry Balkan Press, Thessaloniki, Bucharest, 1997), pp. 123-140
null
null
gr-qc dg-ga math.DG
null
The purpose of this work is to extend the formalism of stochastic calculus to the case of spaces with local anisotropy (modeled as vector bundles with compatible nonlinear and distinguished connections and metric structures and containing as particular cases different variants of Kaluza--Klein and generalized Lagrange and Finsler spaces). We shall examine nondegenerate diffusions on the mentioned spaces and theirs horizontal lifts.
[ { "created": "Fri, 5 Apr 1996 14:27:24 GMT", "version": "v1" } ]
2008-02-03
[ [ "Vacaru", "Sergiu I.", "" ] ]
The purpose of this work is to extend the formalism of stochastic calculus to the case of spaces with local anisotropy (modeled as vector bundles with compatible nonlinear and distinguished connections and metric structures and containing as particular cases different variants of Kaluza--Klein and generalized Lagrange and Finsler spaces). We shall examine nondegenerate diffusions on the mentioned spaces and theirs horizontal lifts.
2008.00509
Geraint Pratten
Geraint Pratten, Alberto Vecchio
Assessing gravitational-wave binary black hole candidates with Bayesian odds
23 pages, 11 figures, comments and feedback welcome!
null
10.1103/PhysRevD.104.124039
null
gr-qc astro-ph.HE
http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/
Gravitational waves from the coalescence of binary black holes can be distinguished from noise transients in a detector network through Bayesian model selection by exploiting the coherence of the signal across the network. We present a Bayesian framework for calculating the posterior probability that a signal is of astrophysical origin, agnostic to the specific search strategy, pipeline or search domain with which a candidate is identified. We apply this framework under \textit{identical} assumptions to all events reported in the LIGO-Virgo GWTC-1 catalog, GW190412 and numerous event candidates reported by independent search pipelines by other authors. With the exception of GW170818, we find that all GWTC-1 candidates, and GW190412, have odds overwhelmingly in favour of the astrophysical hypothesis, including GW170729, which was assigned significantly different astrophysical probabilities by the different search pipelines used in GWTC-1. GW170818 is de-facto a single detector trigger, and is therefore of no surprise that it is disfavoured as being produced by an astrophysical source in our framework. We find \textit{three} additional event candidates, GW170121, GW170425 and GW170727, that have significant support for the astrophysical hypothesis, with a probability that the signal is of astrophysical origin of 0.53, 0.74 and 0.64 respectively. We carry out a hierarchical population study which includes these three events in addition to those reported in GWTC-1, finding that the main astrophysical results are unaffected.
[ { "created": "Sun, 2 Aug 2020 16:10:18 GMT", "version": "v1" } ]
2022-01-05
[ [ "Pratten", "Geraint", "" ], [ "Vecchio", "Alberto", "" ] ]
Gravitational waves from the coalescence of binary black holes can be distinguished from noise transients in a detector network through Bayesian model selection by exploiting the coherence of the signal across the network. We present a Bayesian framework for calculating the posterior probability that a signal is of astrophysical origin, agnostic to the specific search strategy, pipeline or search domain with which a candidate is identified. We apply this framework under \textit{identical} assumptions to all events reported in the LIGO-Virgo GWTC-1 catalog, GW190412 and numerous event candidates reported by independent search pipelines by other authors. With the exception of GW170818, we find that all GWTC-1 candidates, and GW190412, have odds overwhelmingly in favour of the astrophysical hypothesis, including GW170729, which was assigned significantly different astrophysical probabilities by the different search pipelines used in GWTC-1. GW170818 is de-facto a single detector trigger, and is therefore of no surprise that it is disfavoured as being produced by an astrophysical source in our framework. We find \textit{three} additional event candidates, GW170121, GW170425 and GW170727, that have significant support for the astrophysical hypothesis, with a probability that the signal is of astrophysical origin of 0.53, 0.74 and 0.64 respectively. We carry out a hierarchical population study which includes these three events in addition to those reported in GWTC-1, finding that the main astrophysical results are unaffected.
gr-qc/0005037
Hiroshi Umetsu
Hiroshi Umetsu
A Conserved Energy Integral for Perturbation Equations in the Kerr-de Sitter Geometry
13 pages, LaTeX
Prog.Theor.Phys. 104 (2000) 743-755
10.1143/PTP.104.743
EPHOU 00-004
gr-qc
null
The analytic proof of mode stability of the Kerr black hole was provided by Whiting. In his proof, the construction of a conserved quantity for unstable mode was crucial. We extend the method of the analysis for the Kerr-de Sitter geometry. The perturbation equations of massless fields in the Kerr-de Sitter geometry can be transformed into Heun's equations which have four regular singularities. In this paper we investigate differential and integral transformations of solutions of the equations. Using those we construct a conserved quantity for unstable modes in the Kerr-de Sitter geometry, and discuss its property.
[ { "created": "Thu, 11 May 2000 05:46:46 GMT", "version": "v1" } ]
2009-10-31
[ [ "Umetsu", "Hiroshi", "" ] ]
The analytic proof of mode stability of the Kerr black hole was provided by Whiting. In his proof, the construction of a conserved quantity for unstable mode was crucial. We extend the method of the analysis for the Kerr-de Sitter geometry. The perturbation equations of massless fields in the Kerr-de Sitter geometry can be transformed into Heun's equations which have four regular singularities. In this paper we investigate differential and integral transformations of solutions of the equations. Using those we construct a conserved quantity for unstable modes in the Kerr-de Sitter geometry, and discuss its property.
1905.02414
Jian-Yang Zhu
Yang-yang Wang, Xiao-Min Zhang and Jian-Yang Zhu
Observational Constraints on Two-field Warm Inflation
13 pages, 6 figures. Accepted for publication in Physical Review D
Phys. Rev. D 99, 103529(2019)
10.1103/PhysRevD.99.103529
null
gr-qc astro-ph.CO
http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/
We study the two-field warm inflation models with a double quadratic potential and a linear temperature dependent dissipative coefficient. We derived the evolution equation of all kinds of perturbations without assuming slow-roll approximation, and obtained the curvature power spectrum at the end of inflation with a fully numerical method. Then we compute the scalar spectral index $n_s$, tensor-to-scalar ratio $r$ for several representative potentials, and compare our results with observational data. At last, we use Planck data to constrain the parameters in our models. This work is a natural extension of single-field warm inflation, and the aim of this work is to present some features of multi-field warm inflation using a simple two-field model.
[ { "created": "Tue, 7 May 2019 08:54:21 GMT", "version": "v1" } ]
2019-05-23
[ [ "Wang", "Yang-yang", "" ], [ "Zhang", "Xiao-Min", "" ], [ "Zhu", "Jian-Yang", "" ] ]
We study the two-field warm inflation models with a double quadratic potential and a linear temperature dependent dissipative coefficient. We derived the evolution equation of all kinds of perturbations without assuming slow-roll approximation, and obtained the curvature power spectrum at the end of inflation with a fully numerical method. Then we compute the scalar spectral index $n_s$, tensor-to-scalar ratio $r$ for several representative potentials, and compare our results with observational data. At last, we use Planck data to constrain the parameters in our models. This work is a natural extension of single-field warm inflation, and the aim of this work is to present some features of multi-field warm inflation using a simple two-field model.
1611.04569
Pantelis Apostolopoulos
Pantelis S. Apostolopoulos
Szekeres models: a covariant approach
16 pages, no figures; (v3) few further amendments and some references added, final version to appear in Class. Quant. Gravity
Class.Quant.Grav. 34 (2017) no.9, 095013
10.1088/1361-6382/aa66df
null
gr-qc astro-ph.CO hep-th
http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/
We exploit the 1+1+2 formalism to covariantly describe the inhomogeneous and anisotropic Szekeres models. It is shown that an \emph{average scale length} can be defined \emph{covariantly} which satisfies a 2d equation of motion driven from the \emph{effective gravitational mass} (EGM) contained in the dust cloud. The contributions to the EGM are encoded to the energy density of the dust fluid and the free gravitational field $E_{ab}$. We show that the quasi-symmetric property of the Szekeres models is justified through the existence of 3 independent \emph{Intrinsic Killing Vector Fields (IKVFs)}. In addition the notions of the Apparent and Absolute Apparent Horizons are briefly discussed and we give an alternative gauge-invariant form to define them in terms of the kinematical variables of the spacelike congruences. We argue that the proposed program can be used in order to express Sachs' optical equations in a covariant form and analyze the confrontation of a spatially inhomogeneous irrotational overdense fluid model with the observational data.
[ { "created": "Mon, 14 Nov 2016 20:47:08 GMT", "version": "v1" }, { "created": "Mon, 28 Nov 2016 17:38:56 GMT", "version": "v2" }, { "created": "Wed, 15 Mar 2017 06:29:57 GMT", "version": "v3" } ]
2017-04-17
[ [ "Apostolopoulos", "Pantelis S.", "" ] ]
We exploit the 1+1+2 formalism to covariantly describe the inhomogeneous and anisotropic Szekeres models. It is shown that an \emph{average scale length} can be defined \emph{covariantly} which satisfies a 2d equation of motion driven from the \emph{effective gravitational mass} (EGM) contained in the dust cloud. The contributions to the EGM are encoded to the energy density of the dust fluid and the free gravitational field $E_{ab}$. We show that the quasi-symmetric property of the Szekeres models is justified through the existence of 3 independent \emph{Intrinsic Killing Vector Fields (IKVFs)}. In addition the notions of the Apparent and Absolute Apparent Horizons are briefly discussed and we give an alternative gauge-invariant form to define them in terms of the kinematical variables of the spacelike congruences. We argue that the proposed program can be used in order to express Sachs' optical equations in a covariant form and analyze the confrontation of a spatially inhomogeneous irrotational overdense fluid model with the observational data.
gr-qc/0607142
Sushant Ghosh
S. G. Ghosh and D. W. Deshkar
Higher dimensional dust collapse with a cosmological constant
7 Pages, no figures
Astrophys.Space Sci.310:111-117,2007
10.1007/s10509-007-9485-9
null
gr-qc
null
The general solution of the Einstein equation for higher dimensional (HD) spherically symmetric collapse of inhomogeneous dust in presence of a cosmological term, i.e., exact interior solutions of the Einstein field equations is presented for the HD Tolman-Bondi metrics imbedded in a de Sitter background. The solution is then matched to exterior HD Scwarschild-de Sitter. A brief discussion on the causal structure singularities and horizons is provided. It turns out that the collapse proceed in the same way as in the Minkowski background, i.e., the strong curvature naked singularities form and that the higher dimensions seem to favor black holes rather than naked singularities.
[ { "created": "Mon, 31 Jul 2006 16:46:07 GMT", "version": "v1" } ]
2011-07-19
[ [ "Ghosh", "S. G.", "" ], [ "Deshkar", "D. W.", "" ] ]
The general solution of the Einstein equation for higher dimensional (HD) spherically symmetric collapse of inhomogeneous dust in presence of a cosmological term, i.e., exact interior solutions of the Einstein field equations is presented for the HD Tolman-Bondi metrics imbedded in a de Sitter background. The solution is then matched to exterior HD Scwarschild-de Sitter. A brief discussion on the causal structure singularities and horizons is provided. It turns out that the collapse proceed in the same way as in the Minkowski background, i.e., the strong curvature naked singularities form and that the higher dimensions seem to favor black holes rather than naked singularities.
2104.14902
Yong Xiao
Yong Xiao and Yu Tian
Logarithmic correction to black hole entropy from the nonlocality of quantum gravity
9 pages, no figures,latest version accepted by PRD
null
10.1103/PhysRevD.105.044013
null
gr-qc hep-th
http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/
It has been known for many years that the leading correction to the black hole entropy is a logarithmic term, which is universal and closely related to conformal anomaly. A fully consistent analysis of this issue has to take quantum backreactions to the black hole geometry into account. However, it was always unclear how to naturally derive the modified black hole metric especially from an effective action, because the problem refers to the elusive non-locality of quantum gravity. In this paper, we show that this problem can be resolved within an effective field theory (EFT) framework of quantum gravity. Our work suggests that the EFT approach provides a powerful and self-consistent tool for studying the quantum gravitational corrections to black hole geometries and thermodynamics.
[ { "created": "Fri, 30 Apr 2021 11:01:05 GMT", "version": "v1" }, { "created": "Tue, 25 Jan 2022 09:48:32 GMT", "version": "v2" } ]
2022-02-23
[ [ "Xiao", "Yong", "" ], [ "Tian", "Yu", "" ] ]
It has been known for many years that the leading correction to the black hole entropy is a logarithmic term, which is universal and closely related to conformal anomaly. A fully consistent analysis of this issue has to take quantum backreactions to the black hole geometry into account. However, it was always unclear how to naturally derive the modified black hole metric especially from an effective action, because the problem refers to the elusive non-locality of quantum gravity. In this paper, we show that this problem can be resolved within an effective field theory (EFT) framework of quantum gravity. Our work suggests that the EFT approach provides a powerful and self-consistent tool for studying the quantum gravitational corrections to black hole geometries and thermodynamics.
gr-qc/0307101
Nicolas Arnaud
Nicolas Arnaud, Matteo Barsuglia, Marie-Anne Bizouard, Violette Brisson, Fabien Cavalier, Michel Davier, Patrice Hello, Stephane Kreckelbergh, Edward K. Porter
Detection of a close supernova gravitational wave burst in a network of interferometers, neutrino and optical detectors
Revised version, accepted for publication in Astroparticle Physics
Astropart.Phys. 21 (2004) 201-221
10.1016/j.astropartphys.2003.12.005
null
gr-qc
null
Trying to detect the gravitational wave (GW) signal emitted by a type II supernova is a main challenge for the GW community. Indeed, the corresponding waveform is not accurately modeled as the supernova physics is very complex; in addition, all the existing numerical simulations agree on the weakness of the GW emission, thus restraining the number of sources potentially detectable. Consequently, triggering the GW signal with a confidence level high enough to conclude directly to a detection is very difficult, even with the use of a network of interferometric detectors. On the other hand, one can hope to take benefit from the neutrino and optical emissions associated to the supernova explosion, in order to discover and study GW radiation in an event already detected independently. This article aims at presenting some realistic scenarios for the search of the supernova GW bursts, based on the present knowledge of the emitted signals and on the results of network data analysis simulations. Both the direct search and the confirmation of the supernova event are considered. In addition, some physical studies following the discovery of a supernova GW emission are also mentioned: from the absolute neutrino mass to the supernova physics or the black hole signature, the potential spectrum of discoveries is wide.
[ { "created": "Wed, 23 Jul 2003 16:14:30 GMT", "version": "v1" }, { "created": "Mon, 8 Sep 2003 12:24:12 GMT", "version": "v2" }, { "created": "Fri, 19 Dec 2003 11:08:40 GMT", "version": "v3" } ]
2009-11-10
[ [ "Arnaud", "Nicolas", "" ], [ "Barsuglia", "Matteo", "" ], [ "Bizouard", "Marie-Anne", "" ], [ "Brisson", "Violette", "" ], [ "Cavalier", "Fabien", "" ], [ "Davier", "Michel", "" ], [ "Hello", "Patrice", "" ...
Trying to detect the gravitational wave (GW) signal emitted by a type II supernova is a main challenge for the GW community. Indeed, the corresponding waveform is not accurately modeled as the supernova physics is very complex; in addition, all the existing numerical simulations agree on the weakness of the GW emission, thus restraining the number of sources potentially detectable. Consequently, triggering the GW signal with a confidence level high enough to conclude directly to a detection is very difficult, even with the use of a network of interferometric detectors. On the other hand, one can hope to take benefit from the neutrino and optical emissions associated to the supernova explosion, in order to discover and study GW radiation in an event already detected independently. This article aims at presenting some realistic scenarios for the search of the supernova GW bursts, based on the present knowledge of the emitted signals and on the results of network data analysis simulations. Both the direct search and the confirmation of the supernova event are considered. In addition, some physical studies following the discovery of a supernova GW emission are also mentioned: from the absolute neutrino mass to the supernova physics or the black hole signature, the potential spectrum of discoveries is wide.
1611.00056
Gabriel Menezes
G. Menezes
Spontaneous excitation of an atom in a Kerr spacetime
Accepted for publication in Physical Review D
Phys. Rev. D 95, 065015 (2017)
10.1103/PhysRevD.95.065015
null
gr-qc hep-th
http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/
We consider radiative processes of an atom in a rotating black-hole background. We assume the atom, represented by a hypothetical two-level system, is coupled via a monopole interaction with a massless quantum scalar field prepared in each one of the usual physical vacuum states of interest. We constrain ourselves to two different states of motion for the atom, namely a static situation in which the atom is placed at a fixed radial distance, and also the case in which it has a stationary motion but with zero angular momentum. We study the structure of the rate of variation of the atomic energy. The intention is to clarify in a quantitative way the effect of the distinguished contributions of vacuum fluctuations and radiation reaction on spontaneous excitation and on spontaneous emission of atoms. In particular, we are interested in the comprehension of the combined action of the different physical processes underlying the Hawking effect in the scenario of rotating black holes as well as the Unruh-Starobinskii effect. We demonstrate that, in the case of static atoms, spontaneous excitation is also connected with the Unruh-Starobinskii effect, but only in the case of the quantum field prepared in the Frolov-Thorne vacuum state. In addition, we show that, in the ZAMOs perspective, the Boulware vacuum state contains an outward flux of particles as a consequence of the black-hole superradiance. The possible relevance of the findings in the present work is discussed.
[ { "created": "Mon, 31 Oct 2016 21:41:15 GMT", "version": "v1" }, { "created": "Mon, 27 Feb 2017 14:50:34 GMT", "version": "v2" } ]
2017-03-29
[ [ "Menezes", "G.", "" ] ]
We consider radiative processes of an atom in a rotating black-hole background. We assume the atom, represented by a hypothetical two-level system, is coupled via a monopole interaction with a massless quantum scalar field prepared in each one of the usual physical vacuum states of interest. We constrain ourselves to two different states of motion for the atom, namely a static situation in which the atom is placed at a fixed radial distance, and also the case in which it has a stationary motion but with zero angular momentum. We study the structure of the rate of variation of the atomic energy. The intention is to clarify in a quantitative way the effect of the distinguished contributions of vacuum fluctuations and radiation reaction on spontaneous excitation and on spontaneous emission of atoms. In particular, we are interested in the comprehension of the combined action of the different physical processes underlying the Hawking effect in the scenario of rotating black holes as well as the Unruh-Starobinskii effect. We demonstrate that, in the case of static atoms, spontaneous excitation is also connected with the Unruh-Starobinskii effect, but only in the case of the quantum field prepared in the Frolov-Thorne vacuum state. In addition, we show that, in the ZAMOs perspective, the Boulware vacuum state contains an outward flux of particles as a consequence of the black-hole superradiance. The possible relevance of the findings in the present work is discussed.
gr-qc/0403013
Antonio F. Ranada
Antonio F. Ranada
The Pioneer anomaly as an effect of the dynamics of time
25 pages,2 figures. New text and new figures in this version
null
null
null
gr-qc
null
A model is presented in which the Pioneer anomaly is not related to the motion of the spaceship, but is a consequence of the acceleration of the cosmological proper time $\tau$ with respect to the coordinate parametric time $t$, what is an effect of the background gravitational potential of the entire universe. The light speed, while being constant if defined with respect to $\tau$ ({\it i. e.} as ${\rm d}\ell /{\rm d} \tau$), would suffer an adiabatic secular acceleration, $a_\ell={\rm d}c/{\rm d}t >0$, if defined in terms of $t$ ({\it i. e.} as ${\rm d}\ell /{\rm d} t$). Such an adiabatic acceleration of light, and a small acceleration of the Pioneer towards the Sun $a_{\rm P}$ could be mistaken the one for the other, because they do have the same fingerprint: a blue shift. However, this shift would be quite unrelated to any anomalous motion of the Pioneer, being just an observational effect of the acceleration of light with respect to time $t$. The Pioneer anomaly turns out then to be an interesting case of the dynamics of time, its explanation involving the interplay between the two times $\tau$ and $t$.
[ { "created": "Tue, 2 Mar 2004 18:07:20 GMT", "version": "v1" }, { "created": "Wed, 5 May 2004 10:06:56 GMT", "version": "v2" }, { "created": "Wed, 28 Jul 2004 11:01:02 GMT", "version": "v3" }, { "created": "Thu, 25 Nov 2004 12:29:04 GMT", "version": "v4" } ]
2009-09-29
[ [ "Ranada", "Antonio F.", "" ] ]
A model is presented in which the Pioneer anomaly is not related to the motion of the spaceship, but is a consequence of the acceleration of the cosmological proper time $\tau$ with respect to the coordinate parametric time $t$, what is an effect of the background gravitational potential of the entire universe. The light speed, while being constant if defined with respect to $\tau$ ({\it i. e.} as ${\rm d}\ell /{\rm d} \tau$), would suffer an adiabatic secular acceleration, $a_\ell={\rm d}c/{\rm d}t >0$, if defined in terms of $t$ ({\it i. e.} as ${\rm d}\ell /{\rm d} t$). Such an adiabatic acceleration of light, and a small acceleration of the Pioneer towards the Sun $a_{\rm P}$ could be mistaken the one for the other, because they do have the same fingerprint: a blue shift. However, this shift would be quite unrelated to any anomalous motion of the Pioneer, being just an observational effect of the acceleration of light with respect to time $t$. The Pioneer anomaly turns out then to be an interesting case of the dynamics of time, its explanation involving the interplay between the two times $\tau$ and $t$.
1908.04406
Gauranga Samanta
Gauranga C Samanta and Nisha Godani
Validation of Energy Conditions in Wormhole Geometry within Viable $f(R)$ Gravity
18 pages, 7 figures
Eur. Phys. J. C (2019) 79: 623
10.1140/epjc/s10052-019-7116-6
null
gr-qc
http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/
In this work, wormholes, tunnel like structures introduced by Morris \& Thorne \cite{Morris95}, are explored within the framework of $f(R)$ gravity. Using the shape function $b(r)=r_0\big(\frac{r}{r_0}\big)^\gamma$, where $0<\gamma<1$, and the equation of state $p_r=\omega\rho$, the $f(R)$ function is derived and the field equations are solved. Then null, weak, strong and dominated energy conditions are analyzed and spherical regions satisfying these energy conditions are determined. Furthermore, we calculated the range of the radius of the throat of the wormhole, where the energy conditions are satisfied.
[ { "created": "Tue, 6 Aug 2019 03:09:21 GMT", "version": "v1" } ]
2019-08-14
[ [ "Samanta", "Gauranga C", "" ], [ "Godani", "Nisha", "" ] ]
In this work, wormholes, tunnel like structures introduced by Morris \& Thorne \cite{Morris95}, are explored within the framework of $f(R)$ gravity. Using the shape function $b(r)=r_0\big(\frac{r}{r_0}\big)^\gamma$, where $0<\gamma<1$, and the equation of state $p_r=\omega\rho$, the $f(R)$ function is derived and the field equations are solved. Then null, weak, strong and dominated energy conditions are analyzed and spherical regions satisfying these energy conditions are determined. Furthermore, we calculated the range of the radius of the throat of the wormhole, where the energy conditions are satisfied.
gr-qc/0106054
L. Sriramkumar
L. Sriramkumar
On the response of non-linearly coupled, accelerated detectors in odd-dimensional flat spacetimes
RevTeX, 8 Pages, 2 Figures
null
null
null
gr-qc
null
In this note, we consider the response of a uniformly accelerated monopole detector that is coupled non-linearly to the nth power of a quantum scalar field in (D+1)-dimensional flat spacetime. We show that, when (D+1) is even, the response of the detector in the Minkowski vacuum is characterized by a Bose-Einstein factor for all n. Whereas, when (D+1) is odd, we find that a Fermi-Dirac factor appears in the detector response when n is odd, but a Bose-Einstein factor arises when n is even.
[ { "created": "Fri, 15 Jun 2001 23:25:12 GMT", "version": "v1" } ]
2007-05-23
[ [ "Sriramkumar", "L.", "" ] ]
In this note, we consider the response of a uniformly accelerated monopole detector that is coupled non-linearly to the nth power of a quantum scalar field in (D+1)-dimensional flat spacetime. We show that, when (D+1) is even, the response of the detector in the Minkowski vacuum is characterized by a Bose-Einstein factor for all n. Whereas, when (D+1) is odd, we find that a Fermi-Dirac factor appears in the detector response when n is odd, but a Bose-Einstein factor arises when n is even.
gr-qc/9910024
Takashi Tamaki
Takashi Tamaki, Kei-ichi Maeda
The fate of Reissner-Nortstr\"{o}m black hole in the Einstein-Yang-Mills-Higgs system
9 pages, 8 figures
null
10.1103/PhysRevD.62.084041
null
gr-qc hep-th
null
We study about an evaporating process of black holes in SO(3) Einstein-Yang-Mills-Higgs system. We consider a massless scalar field which couple neither with the Yang-Mills field nor with the Higgs field surrounding the black hole. We discuss differences in evaporating rate between a monopole black hole and a Reissner-Nortstr\"{o}m (RN) black hole.
[ { "created": "Thu, 7 Oct 1999 10:28:28 GMT", "version": "v1" }, { "created": "Sun, 25 Jun 2000 09:46:34 GMT", "version": "v2" } ]
2009-10-31
[ [ "Tamaki", "Takashi", "" ], [ "Maeda", "Kei-ichi", "" ] ]
We study about an evaporating process of black holes in SO(3) Einstein-Yang-Mills-Higgs system. We consider a massless scalar field which couple neither with the Yang-Mills field nor with the Higgs field surrounding the black hole. We discuss differences in evaporating rate between a monopole black hole and a Reissner-Nortstr\"{o}m (RN) black hole.
1407.4875
Jun-Jin Peng
Jun-Jin Peng
Conserved charges of black holes in Weyl and Einstein-Gauss-Bonnet gravities
21 Pages, no figures, references added
null
10.1140/epjc/s10052-014-3156-0
null
gr-qc
http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/
An off-shell generalization of the Abbott-Deser-Tekin (ADT) conserved charge was recently proposed by Kim et al. They achieved this by introducing off-shell Noether currents and potentials. In this paper, we construct the crucial off-shell Noether current by the variation of the Bianchi identity for the expression of motion equation, with the help of the property of Killing vector. Our Noether current, which contains an additional term that is just one half of the Lie derivative of a surface term with respect to the Killing vector, takes a different form in comparison with the one in their work. Then we employ the generalized formulation to calculate the quasi-local conserved charges for the most general charged spherically symmetric and the dyonic rotating black holes with AdS asymptotics in four-dimensional conformal Weyl gravity, as well as the charged spherically symmetric black holes in arbitrary dimensional Einstein-Gauss-Bonnet gravity coupled to Maxwell or nonlinear electrodynamics in AdS spacetime. Our results confirm those through other methods in the literature.
[ { "created": "Fri, 18 Jul 2014 02:57:40 GMT", "version": "v1" }, { "created": "Sun, 17 Aug 2014 07:01:13 GMT", "version": "v2" } ]
2015-06-22
[ [ "Peng", "Jun-Jin", "" ] ]
An off-shell generalization of the Abbott-Deser-Tekin (ADT) conserved charge was recently proposed by Kim et al. They achieved this by introducing off-shell Noether currents and potentials. In this paper, we construct the crucial off-shell Noether current by the variation of the Bianchi identity for the expression of motion equation, with the help of the property of Killing vector. Our Noether current, which contains an additional term that is just one half of the Lie derivative of a surface term with respect to the Killing vector, takes a different form in comparison with the one in their work. Then we employ the generalized formulation to calculate the quasi-local conserved charges for the most general charged spherically symmetric and the dyonic rotating black holes with AdS asymptotics in four-dimensional conformal Weyl gravity, as well as the charged spherically symmetric black holes in arbitrary dimensional Einstein-Gauss-Bonnet gravity coupled to Maxwell or nonlinear electrodynamics in AdS spacetime. Our results confirm those through other methods in the literature.
gr-qc/9607049
Reza Mansouri
M. Khorrami, M. Mansouri, M. Mohazzab
A Decrumpling Model of the Universe
4 pages, Latex file, contribution to Journees Relativistes 96
Helv.Phys.Acta 69 (1996) 237-240
null
null
gr-qc
null
Assuming a cellular structure for the space-time, we propose a model in which the expansion of the universe is understood as a decrumpling process, much like the one we know from polymeric surfaces. The dimension of space is then a dynamical real variable. The generalized Friedmann equation, derived from a Lagrangian, and the generalized equation of continuity for the matter content of the universe, give the dynamics of our model universe. This leads to an oscillatory non-singular model with two turning points for the dimension of space.
[ { "created": "Tue, 23 Jul 1996 11:47:10 GMT", "version": "v1" } ]
2007-05-23
[ [ "Khorrami", "M.", "" ], [ "Mansouri", "M.", "" ], [ "Mohazzab", "M.", "" ] ]
Assuming a cellular structure for the space-time, we propose a model in which the expansion of the universe is understood as a decrumpling process, much like the one we know from polymeric surfaces. The dimension of space is then a dynamical real variable. The generalized Friedmann equation, derived from a Lagrangian, and the generalized equation of continuity for the matter content of the universe, give the dynamics of our model universe. This leads to an oscillatory non-singular model with two turning points for the dimension of space.
1506.04253
Manuel Hohmann
Manuel Hohmann
Parameterized post-Newtonian limit of Horndeski's gravity theory
33 pages, no figures; journal version
Phys. Rev. D 92, 064019 (2015)
10.1103/PhysRevD.92.064019
null
gr-qc hep-th
http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/
We discuss the parameterized post-Newtonian (PPN) limit of Horndeski's theory of gravity, also known under the name generalized G-inflation or $\text{G}^2$-inflation, which is the most general scalar-tensor theory of gravity with at most second order field equations in four dimensions. We derive conditions on the action for the validity of the post-Newtonian limit. For the most general class of theories consistent with these conditions we calculate the PPN parameters $\gamma(r)$ and $\beta(r)$, which in general depend on the interaction distance $r$ between the gravitating mass and the test mass. For a more restricted class of theories, in which the scalar field is massless, we calculate the full set of PPN parameters. It turns out that in this restricted case all parameters are constants and that the only parameters potentially deviating from observations are $\gamma$ and $\beta$. We finally apply our results to a number of example theories, including galileons and different models of Higgs inflation.
[ { "created": "Sat, 13 Jun 2015 11:16:54 GMT", "version": "v1" }, { "created": "Wed, 16 Sep 2015 06:40:59 GMT", "version": "v2" } ]
2015-09-17
[ [ "Hohmann", "Manuel", "" ] ]
We discuss the parameterized post-Newtonian (PPN) limit of Horndeski's theory of gravity, also known under the name generalized G-inflation or $\text{G}^2$-inflation, which is the most general scalar-tensor theory of gravity with at most second order field equations in four dimensions. We derive conditions on the action for the validity of the post-Newtonian limit. For the most general class of theories consistent with these conditions we calculate the PPN parameters $\gamma(r)$ and $\beta(r)$, which in general depend on the interaction distance $r$ between the gravitating mass and the test mass. For a more restricted class of theories, in which the scalar field is massless, we calculate the full set of PPN parameters. It turns out that in this restricted case all parameters are constants and that the only parameters potentially deviating from observations are $\gamma$ and $\beta$. We finally apply our results to a number of example theories, including galileons and different models of Higgs inflation.
1712.04226
Ricardo Landim
Orfeu Bertolami, Ricardo G. Landim
Cosmic Transients, Einstein's Equivalence Principle and Dark Matter Halos
6 pages, 4 tables. Published version
Phys.Dark Univ. 21 (2018) 16-20
10.1016/j.dark.2018.05.002
null
gr-qc
http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/
Cosmic transients, such as gamma-ray bursts and fast radio bursts, have been used to constrain the Einstein's Equivalence Principle (EEP) through the parametrized-post-Newtonian (PPN) formalism. In this approach, the time delay of photons with different energies from these cosmic transients are used to obtain upper bounds on the difference of the PPN $\gamma$ parameter. In this work we assume that an important contribution to the time delay is due to the dark matter halo of the Milky Way and consider the dark matter mass distribution given by the Navarro--Frenk--White profile. We obtain the upper limit on the difference of the PPN parameter $\gamma$ for the polarized gamma-ray emission of GRB 110721A, $\Delta \gamma < 1.06 \times 10^{-28}$, the most stringent limit to date on the EEP. In addition, we show that a very similar upper bound is obtained if, instead of having a dark matter component, a visible matter density profile and a non-minimal gravitational coupling between curvature and matter are present.
[ { "created": "Tue, 12 Dec 2017 10:57:30 GMT", "version": "v1" }, { "created": "Mon, 8 Jan 2018 14:44:51 GMT", "version": "v2" }, { "created": "Sun, 10 Jun 2018 22:47:39 GMT", "version": "v3" } ]
2018-06-12
[ [ "Bertolami", "Orfeu", "" ], [ "Landim", "Ricardo G.", "" ] ]
Cosmic transients, such as gamma-ray bursts and fast radio bursts, have been used to constrain the Einstein's Equivalence Principle (EEP) through the parametrized-post-Newtonian (PPN) formalism. In this approach, the time delay of photons with different energies from these cosmic transients are used to obtain upper bounds on the difference of the PPN $\gamma$ parameter. In this work we assume that an important contribution to the time delay is due to the dark matter halo of the Milky Way and consider the dark matter mass distribution given by the Navarro--Frenk--White profile. We obtain the upper limit on the difference of the PPN parameter $\gamma$ for the polarized gamma-ray emission of GRB 110721A, $\Delta \gamma < 1.06 \times 10^{-28}$, the most stringent limit to date on the EEP. In addition, we show that a very similar upper bound is obtained if, instead of having a dark matter component, a visible matter density profile and a non-minimal gravitational coupling between curvature and matter are present.
1010.1846
Reza Saffari
Robab Hashemi and Reza Saffari
A Well-Behaved f(R) Gravity Model in Planetary Motions
15 pages, 1 figure, LaTEX, Accepted for publication in Planetary Space and Science, References added, Minor revision
Planet.Space Sci. 59:338-342,2011
10.1016/j.pss.2010.12.011
null
gr-qc astro-ph.EP
http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/
In this paper we consider asymptotic behavior of a hybrid action of f(R) gravity model which proposed by Saffari and Rahvar (2008), in solar system scale, which can explain Pioneer anomalous acceleration. We use the potential coming from this hybrid action in weak field limit to test its impacts on Solar system dynamics, by comparing the theoretical precession of perihelion of a test particle, $\dot{\varpi}$ with corrections to the standard Newtonian - Einsteinian precession of perihelia of some planets, recently estimated by Pitjeva. Here we show that obtained results of the asymptotic behavior of hybrid action, are in more accordance with observation relative to the other modifications such as power law and logarithmic corrections Iorio (2008). We also show that an extra additional lensing of the prediction of General Relativity is reproduced. Finally we obtain the stability condition of planetary orbits.
[ { "created": "Sat, 9 Oct 2010 13:23:19 GMT", "version": "v1" }, { "created": "Thu, 9 Dec 2010 08:09:15 GMT", "version": "v2" }, { "created": "Sun, 12 Dec 2010 09:34:25 GMT", "version": "v3" } ]
2011-02-18
[ [ "Hashemi", "Robab", "" ], [ "Saffari", "Reza", "" ] ]
In this paper we consider asymptotic behavior of a hybrid action of f(R) gravity model which proposed by Saffari and Rahvar (2008), in solar system scale, which can explain Pioneer anomalous acceleration. We use the potential coming from this hybrid action in weak field limit to test its impacts on Solar system dynamics, by comparing the theoretical precession of perihelion of a test particle, $\dot{\varpi}$ with corrections to the standard Newtonian - Einsteinian precession of perihelia of some planets, recently estimated by Pitjeva. Here we show that obtained results of the asymptotic behavior of hybrid action, are in more accordance with observation relative to the other modifications such as power law and logarithmic corrections Iorio (2008). We also show that an extra additional lensing of the prediction of General Relativity is reproduced. Finally we obtain the stability condition of planetary orbits.
2408.06399
Maurice H. P. M. Van Putten
Maurice H.P.M. van Putten
Galaxy dynamics tracing quantum cosmology beyond $\Lambda$CDM below the de Sitter scale of acceleration
8 pages
CJPh 91 (2024) 377-381
10.1016/j.cjph.2024.07.040
null
gr-qc astro-ph.GA
http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/
It is proposed that the baryonic Tully-Fisher relation (bTFR) and JWST 'Impossible galaxies' at cosmic dawn are unified in weak gravity by the trace $J$ of the Schouten tensor below the Sitter scale of acceleration $a_{dS}=cH$, where $c$ is the velocity of light and $H$ is the Hubble parameter. Across $a_{dS}$, $J$ parametrizes short-period galaxy rotation curves and fast gravitational collapse beyond the predictions of $\Lambda$CDM. The sensitivity of weak gravitation to $J=\frac{1}{6}R$ is derived in infrared gravitation from a consistent limit of quantum gravity, reducing to general relativity in the limit of a small Planck constant, where $R$ is Ricci scalar tensor. For the first time, it identifies the exact relation $a_0=c^2\sqrt{J}/2\pi$ of the Milgrom parameter across all redshifts, accounting for the bTFR and early galaxy formation accelerated by a factor $\sim J^{1/8}$. It predicts $a_0^\prime(0)<0$ at the present epoch.
[ { "created": "Mon, 12 Aug 2024 09:06:35 GMT", "version": "v1" } ]
2024-08-15
[ [ "van Putten", "Maurice H. P. M.", "" ] ]
It is proposed that the baryonic Tully-Fisher relation (bTFR) and JWST 'Impossible galaxies' at cosmic dawn are unified in weak gravity by the trace $J$ of the Schouten tensor below the Sitter scale of acceleration $a_{dS}=cH$, where $c$ is the velocity of light and $H$ is the Hubble parameter. Across $a_{dS}$, $J$ parametrizes short-period galaxy rotation curves and fast gravitational collapse beyond the predictions of $\Lambda$CDM. The sensitivity of weak gravitation to $J=\frac{1}{6}R$ is derived in infrared gravitation from a consistent limit of quantum gravity, reducing to general relativity in the limit of a small Planck constant, where $R$ is Ricci scalar tensor. For the first time, it identifies the exact relation $a_0=c^2\sqrt{J}/2\pi$ of the Milgrom parameter across all redshifts, accounting for the bTFR and early galaxy formation accelerated by a factor $\sim J^{1/8}$. It predicts $a_0^\prime(0)<0$ at the present epoch.
gr-qc/0111040
Garry Ludwig
Garry Ludwig and S. Brian Edgar
(Conformal) Killing vectors in the Newman-Penrose formalism
27 pages
Gen.Rel.Grav. 34 (2002) 807-835
10.1023/A:1016361729933
null
gr-qc
null
This paper presents an efficient technique for finding Killing, homothetic, or even proper conformal Killing vectors in the Newman-Penrose (NP) formalism. Leaning on, and extending, results previously derived in the GHP formalism we show that the (conformal) Killing equations can be replaced by a set of equations involving the commutators of the Lie derivative with the four NP differential operators applied to the four coordinates. It is crucial that these operators refer to a preferred tetrad relative to the (conformal) Killing vectors, a notion to be defined. The equations can then be readily solved for the Lie derivative of the coordinates, i.e. for the components of the (conformal) Killing vectors. Some of these equations become trivial if some coordinates are chosen intrinsically (where possible), i.e. if they are somehow tied to the Riemann tensor and its covariant derivatives. If part of the tetrad, i.e. part of null directions and gauge, can be defined intrinsically then that part is generally preferred relative to any Killing vector. This is also true relative to a homothetic vector or a proper conformal Killing vector provided we make a further restriction on that intrinsic part of the tetrad. If because of null isotropy or gauge isotropy, where part of the tetrad cannot even in principle be defined intrinsically, the tetrad is defined only up to (usually) one null rotation parameter and/or a gauge factor, then the NP-Lie equations become slightly more involved and must be solved for the Lie derivative of the null rotation parameter and/or of the gauge factor as well. However, the general method remains the same and is still much more efficient than conventional methods. Several explicit examples are given to illustrate the method.
[ { "created": "Tue, 13 Nov 2001 22:16:18 GMT", "version": "v1" } ]
2021-10-20
[ [ "Ludwig", "Garry", "" ], [ "Edgar", "S. Brian", "" ] ]
This paper presents an efficient technique for finding Killing, homothetic, or even proper conformal Killing vectors in the Newman-Penrose (NP) formalism. Leaning on, and extending, results previously derived in the GHP formalism we show that the (conformal) Killing equations can be replaced by a set of equations involving the commutators of the Lie derivative with the four NP differential operators applied to the four coordinates. It is crucial that these operators refer to a preferred tetrad relative to the (conformal) Killing vectors, a notion to be defined. The equations can then be readily solved for the Lie derivative of the coordinates, i.e. for the components of the (conformal) Killing vectors. Some of these equations become trivial if some coordinates are chosen intrinsically (where possible), i.e. if they are somehow tied to the Riemann tensor and its covariant derivatives. If part of the tetrad, i.e. part of null directions and gauge, can be defined intrinsically then that part is generally preferred relative to any Killing vector. This is also true relative to a homothetic vector or a proper conformal Killing vector provided we make a further restriction on that intrinsic part of the tetrad. If because of null isotropy or gauge isotropy, where part of the tetrad cannot even in principle be defined intrinsically, the tetrad is defined only up to (usually) one null rotation parameter and/or a gauge factor, then the NP-Lie equations become slightly more involved and must be solved for the Lie derivative of the null rotation parameter and/or of the gauge factor as well. However, the general method remains the same and is still much more efficient than conventional methods. Several explicit examples are given to illustrate the method.
gr-qc/0308038
Kayll Lake
Kayll Lake
Differential Invariants of the Kerr Vacuum
12 pages 8 figures. Much more information at http://grtensor.org/diffweyl/
Gen.Rel.Grav. 36 (2004) 1159
10.1023/B:GERG.0000018282.42275.cb
null
gr-qc
null
The norms associated with the gradients of the two non-differential invariants of the Kerr vacuum are examined. Whereas both locally single out the horizons, their global behavior is more interesting. Both reflect the background angular momentum as the volume of space allowing a timelike gradient decreases with increasing angular momentum becoming zero in the degenerate and naked cases. These results extend directly to the Kerr-Newman geometry.
[ { "created": "Tue, 12 Aug 2003 17:30:47 GMT", "version": "v1" } ]
2009-11-10
[ [ "Lake", "Kayll", "" ] ]
The norms associated with the gradients of the two non-differential invariants of the Kerr vacuum are examined. Whereas both locally single out the horizons, their global behavior is more interesting. Both reflect the background angular momentum as the volume of space allowing a timelike gradient decreases with increasing angular momentum becoming zero in the degenerate and naked cases. These results extend directly to the Kerr-Newman geometry.
1704.08925
Nelson A. Lima
Georgios Kofinas and Nelson A. Lima
Dynamics of cosmological perturbations in modified Brans-Dicke cosmology with matter-scalar field interaction
20 pages, 5 figues. Version 2 with minor revisions to match manuscript accepted by PRD
Phys. Rev. D 96, 084016 (2017)
10.1103/PhysRevD.96.084016
null
gr-qc astro-ph.CO hep-th
http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/
In this work we focus on a novel completion of the well-known Brans-Dicke theory that introduces an interaction between the dark energy and dark matter sectors, known as complete Brans-Dicke (CBD) theory. We obtain viable cosmological accelerating solutions that fit Supernovae observations with great precision without any scalar potential $V(\phi)$. We use these solutions to explore the impact of the CBD theory on the large scale structure by studying the dynamics of its linear perturbations. We observe a growing behavior of the lensing potential $\Phi_{+}$ at late-times, while the growth rate is actually suppressed relatively to $\Lambda$CDM, which allows the CBD theory to provide a competitive fit to current RSD measurements of $f\sigma_{8}$. However, we also observe that the theory exhibits a pathological change of sign in the effective gravitational constant concerning the perturbations on sub-horizon scales that could pose a challenge to its validity.
[ { "created": "Thu, 27 Apr 2017 12:59:46 GMT", "version": "v1" }, { "created": "Wed, 20 Sep 2017 10:44:29 GMT", "version": "v2" } ]
2017-10-10
[ [ "Kofinas", "Georgios", "" ], [ "Lima", "Nelson A.", "" ] ]
In this work we focus on a novel completion of the well-known Brans-Dicke theory that introduces an interaction between the dark energy and dark matter sectors, known as complete Brans-Dicke (CBD) theory. We obtain viable cosmological accelerating solutions that fit Supernovae observations with great precision without any scalar potential $V(\phi)$. We use these solutions to explore the impact of the CBD theory on the large scale structure by studying the dynamics of its linear perturbations. We observe a growing behavior of the lensing potential $\Phi_{+}$ at late-times, while the growth rate is actually suppressed relatively to $\Lambda$CDM, which allows the CBD theory to provide a competitive fit to current RSD measurements of $f\sigma_{8}$. However, we also observe that the theory exhibits a pathological change of sign in the effective gravitational constant concerning the perturbations on sub-horizon scales that could pose a challenge to its validity.
gr-qc/9501011
David Scialom
David Scialom and Philippe Jetzer
ASYMPTOTIC BEHAVIOR OF COMPLEX SCALAR FIELDS IN A FRIEDMAN-LEMAITRE UNIVERSE
uuencoded, compressed tarfile containing a 15 pages Latex file and 2 postscipt figures. Accepted for publication on Phys. Rev. D
Phys.Rev.D51:5698-5706,1995
10.1103/PhysRevD.51.5698
ZU-TH 22/94
gr-qc astro-ph
null
We study the coupled Einstein-Klein-Gordon equations for a complex scalar field with and without a quartic self-interaction in a curvatureless Friedman-Lema\^{\i}\-tre Universe. The equations can be written as a set of four coupled first order non-linear differential equations, for which we establish the phase portrait for the time evolution of the scalar field. To that purpose we find the singular points of the differential equations lying in the finite region and at infinity of the phase space and study the corresponding asymptotic behavior of the solutions. This knowledge is of relevance, since it provides the initial conditions which are needed to solve numerically the differential equations. For some singular points lying at infinity we recover the expected emergence of an inflationary stage.
[ { "created": "Thu, 12 Jan 1995 16:41:02 GMT", "version": "v1" } ]
2010-11-01
[ [ "Scialom", "David", "" ], [ "Jetzer", "Philippe", "" ] ]
We study the coupled Einstein-Klein-Gordon equations for a complex scalar field with and without a quartic self-interaction in a curvatureless Friedman-Lema\^{\i}\-tre Universe. The equations can be written as a set of four coupled first order non-linear differential equations, for which we establish the phase portrait for the time evolution of the scalar field. To that purpose we find the singular points of the differential equations lying in the finite region and at infinity of the phase space and study the corresponding asymptotic behavior of the solutions. This knowledge is of relevance, since it provides the initial conditions which are needed to solve numerically the differential equations. For some singular points lying at infinity we recover the expected emergence of an inflationary stage.
1801.06549
Jose Natario
Jo\~ao L. Costa, Jos\'e Nat\'ario, Pedro Oliveira
Cosmic no-hair in spherically symmetric black hole spacetimes
32 pages, 1 figure; v2: minor corrections; v3: a few corrections added to match the final published version
Ann. Henri Poincar\'e 20 (2019) 3059-3090
10.1007/s00023-019-00825-z
null
gr-qc math.AP
http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/
We analyze in detail the geometry and dynamics of the cosmological region arising in spherically symmetric black hole solutions of the Einstein-Maxwell-scalar field system with a positive cosmological constant. More precisely, we solve, for such a system, a characteristic initial value problem with data emulating a dynamic cosmological horizon. Our assumptions are fairly weak, in that we only assume that the data approaches that of a subextremal Reissner-Nordstr\"om-de Sitter black hole, without imposing any rate of decay. We then show that the radius (of symmetry) blows up along any null ray parallel to the cosmological horizon ("near" $i^+$), in such a way that $r=+\infty$ is, in an appropriate sense, a spacelike hypersurface. We also prove a version of the Cosmic No-Hair Conjecture by showing that in the past of any causal curve reaching infinity both the metric and the Riemann curvature tensor asymptote those of a de Sitter spacetime. Finally, we discuss conditions under which all the previous results can be globalized.
[ { "created": "Fri, 19 Jan 2018 19:00:09 GMT", "version": "v1" }, { "created": "Mon, 16 Jul 2018 17:39:59 GMT", "version": "v2" }, { "created": "Wed, 4 Sep 2019 12:48:15 GMT", "version": "v3" } ]
2019-09-05
[ [ "Costa", "João L.", "" ], [ "Natário", "José", "" ], [ "Oliveira", "Pedro", "" ] ]
We analyze in detail the geometry and dynamics of the cosmological region arising in spherically symmetric black hole solutions of the Einstein-Maxwell-scalar field system with a positive cosmological constant. More precisely, we solve, for such a system, a characteristic initial value problem with data emulating a dynamic cosmological horizon. Our assumptions are fairly weak, in that we only assume that the data approaches that of a subextremal Reissner-Nordstr\"om-de Sitter black hole, without imposing any rate of decay. We then show that the radius (of symmetry) blows up along any null ray parallel to the cosmological horizon ("near" $i^+$), in such a way that $r=+\infty$ is, in an appropriate sense, a spacelike hypersurface. We also prove a version of the Cosmic No-Hair Conjecture by showing that in the past of any causal curve reaching infinity both the metric and the Riemann curvature tensor asymptote those of a de Sitter spacetime. Finally, we discuss conditions under which all the previous results can be globalized.
2403.02852
Rituparna Mandal
Rituparna Mandal, Soma Sanyal
Asymptotically safe cosmology with non-canonical scalar field
23 pages, 1 table
null
null
null
gr-qc
http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/
We investigate the quantum modified cosmological dynamical equations in a Friedmann-Robertson-Walker universe filled with a barotropic fluid and a general non-canonical scalar field characterized by a Lagrangian similar to k-essence model but with a potential term. Quantum corrections are incorporated by considering the running of gravitational and potential couplings, employing the functional renormalization group approach. Covariant conservation of the non-canonical scalar field and the background barotropic fluid is considered separately, imposing a constraint resulting from the Bianchi identity. This constraint determines the evolution of the cut-off scale with the scale factor and also reveals cosmic fixed points, depending on whether the flow ceases or continues to evolve. We explore how the general non-canonical scalar field parameter affects the different types of cosmic fixed points and how it differs from the canonical case. Furthermore, we establish a bound on the ratio of the RG parameters involving the non-canonical parameter for which the universe may exhibit accelerated expansion for mixed fixed points. This bound indicates the non-canonical scalar field includes larger sets of RG fixed point which may give rise to an accelerated universe.
[ { "created": "Tue, 5 Mar 2024 10:48:41 GMT", "version": "v1" } ]
2024-03-06
[ [ "Mandal", "Rituparna", "" ], [ "Sanyal", "Soma", "" ] ]
We investigate the quantum modified cosmological dynamical equations in a Friedmann-Robertson-Walker universe filled with a barotropic fluid and a general non-canonical scalar field characterized by a Lagrangian similar to k-essence model but with a potential term. Quantum corrections are incorporated by considering the running of gravitational and potential couplings, employing the functional renormalization group approach. Covariant conservation of the non-canonical scalar field and the background barotropic fluid is considered separately, imposing a constraint resulting from the Bianchi identity. This constraint determines the evolution of the cut-off scale with the scale factor and also reveals cosmic fixed points, depending on whether the flow ceases or continues to evolve. We explore how the general non-canonical scalar field parameter affects the different types of cosmic fixed points and how it differs from the canonical case. Furthermore, we establish a bound on the ratio of the RG parameters involving the non-canonical parameter for which the universe may exhibit accelerated expansion for mixed fixed points. This bound indicates the non-canonical scalar field includes larger sets of RG fixed point which may give rise to an accelerated universe.
0905.2464
Tiberiu Harko
Tiberiu Harko
Matter Accretion by Brane-World Black Holes
25 pages, accepted for publication in Journal of the Korean Physical Society
Journal of the Korean Physical Society, 54: 2583-2594, 2009
10.3938/jkps.54.2583
null
gr-qc astro-ph.HE hep-th
http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/
The brane-world description of our universe entails a large extra dimension and a fundamental scale of gravity that might be lower by several orders of magnitude compared to the Planck scale. An interesting consequence of the brane-world scenario is in the nature of spherically symmetric vacuum solutions to the brane gravitational field equations, with properties quite distinct as compared to the standard black-hole solutions of general relativity. We consider the spherically symmetric accretion of matter onto brane-world black holes in terms of relativistic hydrodynamics by assuming that the inflowing gas obeys a polytropic equation of state. As a first step in this study, we consider the accretion process in an arbitrary static, spherically symmetric space-time, and show that the relativistic equations require a transition to a supersonic flow in the solution. The velocity, temperature, and density profiles are obtained for the case of the polytropic equation of state. We apply the general formalism to the study of the accretion properties of several classes of brane-world black holes, and we obtain the distribution of the main physical parameters of the gas. The astrophysical determination of these physical quantities could discriminate, at least in principle, between the different brane-world models, and place some constraints on the existence of the extra dimensions.
[ { "created": "Fri, 15 May 2009 03:37:57 GMT", "version": "v1" } ]
2015-05-13
[ [ "Harko", "Tiberiu", "" ] ]
The brane-world description of our universe entails a large extra dimension and a fundamental scale of gravity that might be lower by several orders of magnitude compared to the Planck scale. An interesting consequence of the brane-world scenario is in the nature of spherically symmetric vacuum solutions to the brane gravitational field equations, with properties quite distinct as compared to the standard black-hole solutions of general relativity. We consider the spherically symmetric accretion of matter onto brane-world black holes in terms of relativistic hydrodynamics by assuming that the inflowing gas obeys a polytropic equation of state. As a first step in this study, we consider the accretion process in an arbitrary static, spherically symmetric space-time, and show that the relativistic equations require a transition to a supersonic flow in the solution. The velocity, temperature, and density profiles are obtained for the case of the polytropic equation of state. We apply the general formalism to the study of the accretion properties of several classes of brane-world black holes, and we obtain the distribution of the main physical parameters of the gas. The astrophysical determination of these physical quantities could discriminate, at least in principle, between the different brane-world models, and place some constraints on the existence of the extra dimensions.
2104.14850
Javier Olmedo
Mercedes Mart\'in-Benito, Rita B. Neves and Javier Olmedo
Non-oscillatory power spectrum from States of Low Energy in kinetically dominated early universes
13 pages, 4 figures
null
null
null
gr-qc
http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/
Recently, States of Low Energy (SLEs) have been proposed as viable vacuum states of primordial perturbations within Loop Quantum Cosmology (LQC). In this work we investigate the effect of the high curvature region of LQC on the definition of SLEs. Shifting the support of the test function that defines them away from this regime results in primordial power spectra of perturbations closer to those of the so-called Non-oscillatory (NO) vacuum, which is another viable choice of initial conditions previously introduced in the LQC context. Furthermore, through a comparison with the Hadamard-like SLEs, we prove that the NO vacuum is of Hadamard type as well.
[ { "created": "Fri, 30 Apr 2021 09:03:57 GMT", "version": "v1" } ]
2021-05-03
[ [ "Martín-Benito", "Mercedes", "" ], [ "Neves", "Rita B.", "" ], [ "Olmedo", "Javier", "" ] ]
Recently, States of Low Energy (SLEs) have been proposed as viable vacuum states of primordial perturbations within Loop Quantum Cosmology (LQC). In this work we investigate the effect of the high curvature region of LQC on the definition of SLEs. Shifting the support of the test function that defines them away from this regime results in primordial power spectra of perturbations closer to those of the so-called Non-oscillatory (NO) vacuum, which is another viable choice of initial conditions previously introduced in the LQC context. Furthermore, through a comparison with the Hadamard-like SLEs, we prove that the NO vacuum is of Hadamard type as well.
gr-qc/0608026
Papantonopoulos Eleftherios
Eleftherios Papantonopoulos and Vassilios Zamarias
Curvaton Dynamics in Brane-worlds
47 pages, 1 figure, references added, to be published in JCAP
JCAP0611:005,2006
10.1088/1475-7516/2006/11/005
null
gr-qc hep-th
null
We study the curvaton dynamics in brane-world cosmologies. Assuming that the inflaton field survives without decay after the end of inflation, we apply the curvaton reheating mechanism to Randall-Sundrum and to its curvature corrections: Gauss-Bonnet, induced gravity and combined Gauss-Bonnet and induced gravity cosmological models. In the case of chaotic inflation and requiring suppression of possible short-wavelength generated gravitational waves, we constraint the parameters of a successful curvaton brane-world cosmological model. If density perturbations are also generated by the curvaton field then, the fundamental five-dimensional mass could be much lower than the Planck mass
[ { "created": "Fri, 4 Aug 2006 12:53:46 GMT", "version": "v1" }, { "created": "Mon, 16 Oct 2006 12:39:21 GMT", "version": "v2" } ]
2009-11-11
[ [ "Papantonopoulos", "Eleftherios", "" ], [ "Zamarias", "Vassilios", "" ] ]
We study the curvaton dynamics in brane-world cosmologies. Assuming that the inflaton field survives without decay after the end of inflation, we apply the curvaton reheating mechanism to Randall-Sundrum and to its curvature corrections: Gauss-Bonnet, induced gravity and combined Gauss-Bonnet and induced gravity cosmological models. In the case of chaotic inflation and requiring suppression of possible short-wavelength generated gravitational waves, we constraint the parameters of a successful curvaton brane-world cosmological model. If density perturbations are also generated by the curvaton field then, the fundamental five-dimensional mass could be much lower than the Planck mass
gr-qc/9801063
Franz Schunck
Eckehard W. Mielke and Franz E. Schunck
Boson Stars: Early History and Recent Prospects
20 pages, 1 Postscript figure, LaTeX, uses mprocl.sty
Report of parallel session chair in: Proc. 8th M. Grossmann Meeting, T. Piran (ed.), World Scientific, Singapore 1998, to be published
null
SUSSEX 97/9
gr-qc
null
Boson stars are descendants of the so-called geons of Wheeler, except that they are built from scalar particles instead of electromagnetic fields. If scalar fields exist in nature, such localized configurations kept together by their self-generated gravitational field can form within Einstein's general relativity. In the case of complex scalar fields, an absolutely stable branch of such non-topological solitons with conserved particle number exists. Our present surge stems from the speculative possibility that these compact objects could provide a considerable fraction of the non-baryonic part of dark matter. In any case, they may serve as a convenient "laboratory" for studying numerically rapidly rotating bodies in general relativity and the generation of gravitational waves.
[ { "created": "Mon, 19 Jan 1998 20:45:57 GMT", "version": "v1" } ]
2007-05-23
[ [ "Mielke", "Eckehard W.", "" ], [ "Schunck", "Franz E.", "" ] ]
Boson stars are descendants of the so-called geons of Wheeler, except that they are built from scalar particles instead of electromagnetic fields. If scalar fields exist in nature, such localized configurations kept together by their self-generated gravitational field can form within Einstein's general relativity. In the case of complex scalar fields, an absolutely stable branch of such non-topological solitons with conserved particle number exists. Our present surge stems from the speculative possibility that these compact objects could provide a considerable fraction of the non-baryonic part of dark matter. In any case, they may serve as a convenient "laboratory" for studying numerically rapidly rotating bodies in general relativity and the generation of gravitational waves.
2311.07403
Evgenii Ievlev
Evgenii Ievlev
Moving mirrors and event horizons in non-flat background geometry
12 pages, 4 figures; overall revision
Class. Quantum Grav. 41 155009 (2024)
10.1088/1361-6382/ad5bb4
FTPI-MINN-23-21
gr-qc hep-th
http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/
Moving mirrors have been used for a long time as simple models for studying various properties of black hole radiation, such as the thermal spectrum and entanglement entropy. These models are typically constructed to mimic the collapse of a spherically symmetric distribution of matter in the Minkowski background. We generalize this correspondence to the case of non-trivial background geometry and consider two examples, the Schwarzschild -- de Sitter black hole and the Ba\~nados--Teitelboim--Zanelli (BTZ) black hole. In the BTZ case we were also able to show that this approach works for the spinning black hole which has only axial symmetry.
[ { "created": "Mon, 13 Nov 2023 15:33:51 GMT", "version": "v1" }, { "created": "Mon, 8 Jul 2024 17:24:21 GMT", "version": "v2" } ]
2024-07-09
[ [ "Ievlev", "Evgenii", "" ] ]
Moving mirrors have been used for a long time as simple models for studying various properties of black hole radiation, such as the thermal spectrum and entanglement entropy. These models are typically constructed to mimic the collapse of a spherically symmetric distribution of matter in the Minkowski background. We generalize this correspondence to the case of non-trivial background geometry and consider two examples, the Schwarzschild -- de Sitter black hole and the Ba\~nados--Teitelboim--Zanelli (BTZ) black hole. In the BTZ case we were also able to show that this approach works for the spinning black hole which has only axial symmetry.
1705.07518
Orfeu Bertolami
Orfeu Bertolami and Jorge P\'aramos
Using a non-minimal coupling between matter and curvature to sequester the Cosmological Constant
8 pages. To match version published at General Relativity and Gravitation, May 2020
null
null
null
gr-qc
http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/
We present a novel mechanism for generating a Cosmological Constant and suitably sequestering the vacuum contribution to it, so that the eponymous Cosmological Constant problem is avoided. We do so by resorting to a model endowed with a non-minimal coupling between curvature and matter in an appropriately defined relaxed regime, and show that this shares features with both Unimodular gravity as well as a recent proposal to sequester the vacuum contribution through the use of an external term to the action functional.
[ { "created": "Sun, 21 May 2017 22:40:47 GMT", "version": "v1" }, { "created": "Wed, 16 May 2018 16:11:31 GMT", "version": "v2" }, { "created": "Fri, 8 May 2020 11:36:18 GMT", "version": "v3" } ]
2020-05-11
[ [ "Bertolami", "Orfeu", "" ], [ "Páramos", "Jorge", "" ] ]
We present a novel mechanism for generating a Cosmological Constant and suitably sequestering the vacuum contribution to it, so that the eponymous Cosmological Constant problem is avoided. We do so by resorting to a model endowed with a non-minimal coupling between curvature and matter in an appropriately defined relaxed regime, and show that this shares features with both Unimodular gravity as well as a recent proposal to sequester the vacuum contribution through the use of an external term to the action functional.
gr-qc/9810060
Mihaela Time
Mihaela Time
A Stationary Asymptotically Einstein Static Universe Solution
7 pages, LaTeX
null
null
null
gr-qc
null
Here I present a stationary cylindrically symmetric asymptotically Einstein static universe solution with the matter consisting of a cosmological and rotating dust term which admits predicted black hole event horizon.
[ { "created": "Sun, 18 Oct 1998 19:28:14 GMT", "version": "v1" }, { "created": "Tue, 26 Jan 1999 19:00:33 GMT", "version": "v2" }, { "created": "Wed, 27 Jan 1999 18:45:40 GMT", "version": "v3" } ]
2007-05-23
[ [ "Time", "Mihaela", "" ] ]
Here I present a stationary cylindrically symmetric asymptotically Einstein static universe solution with the matter consisting of a cosmological and rotating dust term which admits predicted black hole event horizon.
1203.6185
Zhoujian Cao Dr
Zhoujian Cao, Jui-Ping Yu, Chun-Yu Lin, Shan Bai and Hwei-Jang Yo
Perturbational Treatment of the Gravitational Potential Effect on Binary Black Hole Evolution
updated version of Journal of Physics: Conference Series 330 (2011) 012016
Journal of Physics: Conference Series 330 (2011) 012016
10.1088/1742-6596/330/1/012016
null
gr-qc
http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/
Binary black hole (BBH) systems are usually located in the gravitational potential well formed by a massive black hole (BH), which is mostly located in the center of a galaxy. In most existing studies, the BBH systems are treated as isolated systems, while the effect of the background is ignored. The validity of the approximation is based on the belief that the background gravitational field from other sources is extremely weak compared with the strong gravitational field produced by the BBH itself during the evolution, and can be neglected in gravitational wave detection. However, it is still interesting to check how valid this approximation is. In this work, instead of simulating the three-BH problem with a fully relativistic treatment, we use a perturbational scheme to investigate the effect of the background gravitational potential on the evolution of a BBH, especially on the waveform of its gravitational radiation. Four scenarios are considered including the head-on collision and the inspiral-to-merger process of a BBH which is either freefalling towards or circularly orbiting around a third large BH. The head-on collision and the circular inspiral are two limits of all possible configurations. The existence of the background gravitational potential changes the arrival time of the gravitational wavefront of a BH, prolongs the wavelength, and increases the gravitational radiation energy. And most interestingly, the background gravitational potential induces the higher-order modes of the gravitational wave of a BBH. These interesting phenomena can be explained by the gravitational redshift effect and the change of eccentricity of a BBH's orbit from the background gravitational potential.
[ { "created": "Wed, 28 Mar 2012 07:41:18 GMT", "version": "v1" } ]
2015-06-04
[ [ "Cao", "Zhoujian", "" ], [ "Yu", "Jui-Ping", "" ], [ "Lin", "Chun-Yu", "" ], [ "Bai", "Shan", "" ], [ "Yo", "Hwei-Jang", "" ] ]
Binary black hole (BBH) systems are usually located in the gravitational potential well formed by a massive black hole (BH), which is mostly located in the center of a galaxy. In most existing studies, the BBH systems are treated as isolated systems, while the effect of the background is ignored. The validity of the approximation is based on the belief that the background gravitational field from other sources is extremely weak compared with the strong gravitational field produced by the BBH itself during the evolution, and can be neglected in gravitational wave detection. However, it is still interesting to check how valid this approximation is. In this work, instead of simulating the three-BH problem with a fully relativistic treatment, we use a perturbational scheme to investigate the effect of the background gravitational potential on the evolution of a BBH, especially on the waveform of its gravitational radiation. Four scenarios are considered including the head-on collision and the inspiral-to-merger process of a BBH which is either freefalling towards or circularly orbiting around a third large BH. The head-on collision and the circular inspiral are two limits of all possible configurations. The existence of the background gravitational potential changes the arrival time of the gravitational wavefront of a BH, prolongs the wavelength, and increases the gravitational radiation energy. And most interestingly, the background gravitational potential induces the higher-order modes of the gravitational wave of a BBH. These interesting phenomena can be explained by the gravitational redshift effect and the change of eccentricity of a BBH's orbit from the background gravitational potential.
1301.2370
Yu-ichi Takamizu
Yu-ichi Takamizu and Tsutomu Kobayashi
Nonlinear superhorizon curvature perturbation in generic single-field inflation
14 pages, version to appear in PTEP
Prog. Theor. Exp. Phys. 2013, 063E03
10.1093/ptep/ptt033
YITP-13-1, RUP-12-12
gr-qc astro-ph.CO hep-th nlin.SI
http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/
We develop a theory of nonlinear cosmological perturbations on superhorizon scales for generic single-field inflation. Our inflaton is described by the Lagrangian of the form $W(X,\phi)-G(X,\phi)\Box\phi$ with $X=-\partial^{\mu}\phi\partial_{\mu}\phi/2$, which is no longer equivalent to a perfect fluid. This model is more general than k-inflation, and is called G-inflation. A general nonlinear solution for the metric and the scalar field is obtained at second order in gradient expansion. We derive a simple master equation governing the large-scale evolution of the nonlinear curvature perturbation. It turns out that the nonlinear evolution equation is deduced as a straightforward extension of the corresponding linear equation for the curvature perturbation on uniform $\phi$ hypersurfaces.
[ { "created": "Fri, 11 Jan 2013 01:27:35 GMT", "version": "v1" }, { "created": "Mon, 3 Jun 2013 02:26:35 GMT", "version": "v2" } ]
2013-06-04
[ [ "Takamizu", "Yu-ichi", "" ], [ "Kobayashi", "Tsutomu", "" ] ]
We develop a theory of nonlinear cosmological perturbations on superhorizon scales for generic single-field inflation. Our inflaton is described by the Lagrangian of the form $W(X,\phi)-G(X,\phi)\Box\phi$ with $X=-\partial^{\mu}\phi\partial_{\mu}\phi/2$, which is no longer equivalent to a perfect fluid. This model is more general than k-inflation, and is called G-inflation. A general nonlinear solution for the metric and the scalar field is obtained at second order in gradient expansion. We derive a simple master equation governing the large-scale evolution of the nonlinear curvature perturbation. It turns out that the nonlinear evolution equation is deduced as a straightforward extension of the corresponding linear equation for the curvature perturbation on uniform $\phi$ hypersurfaces.
1507.01686
Eckhard Strobel
Cl\'ement Stahl and Eckhard Strobel and She-Sheng Xue
Fermionic current and Schwinger effect in de Sitter spacetime
19 pages, 1 figure, V2:small changes and some references added, version accepted for publication in Phys. Rev. D
Phys. Rev. D 93, 025004 (2016)
10.1103/PhysRevD.93.025004
null
gr-qc hep-th
http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/
We study the fermionic Schwinger effect in two dimensional de Sitter spacetime. To do so we first present a method to semiclassically compute the number of pairs created per momentum mode for general time dependent fields. In addition the constant electric field is studied in depth. In this case solutions for the Dirac equation can be found and the number of pairs can be computed using the standard Bogoliubov method. This result is shown to agree with the semiclassical one in the appropriate limit. The solutions are also used to compute the expectation value of the induced current. Comparing these results to similar studies for bosons we find that while the results agree in the semiclassical limit they do not generally. Especially there is no occurrence of a strong current for small electric fields.
[ { "created": "Tue, 7 Jul 2015 06:53:22 GMT", "version": "v1" }, { "created": "Thu, 7 Jan 2016 14:19:34 GMT", "version": "v2" } ]
2016-01-13
[ [ "Stahl", "Clément", "" ], [ "Strobel", "Eckhard", "" ], [ "Xue", "She-Sheng", "" ] ]
We study the fermionic Schwinger effect in two dimensional de Sitter spacetime. To do so we first present a method to semiclassically compute the number of pairs created per momentum mode for general time dependent fields. In addition the constant electric field is studied in depth. In this case solutions for the Dirac equation can be found and the number of pairs can be computed using the standard Bogoliubov method. This result is shown to agree with the semiclassical one in the appropriate limit. The solutions are also used to compute the expectation value of the induced current. Comparing these results to similar studies for bosons we find that while the results agree in the semiclassical limit they do not generally. Especially there is no occurrence of a strong current for small electric fields.
gr-qc/0602101
Muxin Han
Muxin Han, Yongge Ma
Dynamics of Scalar Field in Polymer-like Representation
24 pages, accepted for pubilcation in Class. Quant. Grav
Class.Quant.Grav. 23 (2006) 2741-2760
10.1088/0264-9381/23/7/031
null
gr-qc math-ph math.MP quant-ph
null
In recent twenty years, loop quantum gravity, a background independent approach to unify general relativity and quantum mechanics, has been widely investigated. We consider the quantum dynamics of a real massless scalar field coupled to gravity in this framework. A Hamiltonian operator for the scalar field can be well defined in the coupled diffeomorphism invariant Hilbert space, which is both self-adjoint and positive. On the other hand, the Hamiltonian constraint operator for the scalar field coupled to gravity can be well defined in the coupled kinematical Hilbert space. There are 1-parameter ambiguities due to scalar field in the construction of both operators. The results heighten our confidence that there is no divergence within this background independent and diffeomorphism invariant quantization approach of matter coupled to gravity. Moreover, to avoid possible quantum anomaly, the master constraint programme can be carried out in this coupled system by employing a self-adjoint master constraint operator on the diffeomorphism invariant Hilbert space.
[ { "created": "Fri, 24 Feb 2006 17:56:08 GMT", "version": "v1" } ]
2015-06-25
[ [ "Han", "Muxin", "" ], [ "Ma", "Yongge", "" ] ]
In recent twenty years, loop quantum gravity, a background independent approach to unify general relativity and quantum mechanics, has been widely investigated. We consider the quantum dynamics of a real massless scalar field coupled to gravity in this framework. A Hamiltonian operator for the scalar field can be well defined in the coupled diffeomorphism invariant Hilbert space, which is both self-adjoint and positive. On the other hand, the Hamiltonian constraint operator for the scalar field coupled to gravity can be well defined in the coupled kinematical Hilbert space. There are 1-parameter ambiguities due to scalar field in the construction of both operators. The results heighten our confidence that there is no divergence within this background independent and diffeomorphism invariant quantization approach of matter coupled to gravity. Moreover, to avoid possible quantum anomaly, the master constraint programme can be carried out in this coupled system by employing a self-adjoint master constraint operator on the diffeomorphism invariant Hilbert space.
2111.03827
Brett McInnes
Brett McInnes
Extremal Instability for Topological Black Holes
17 pages, no figures; version to appear in Nuclear Physics B
null
10.1016/j.nuclphysb.2022.115760
null
gr-qc hep-th
http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/
The initial idea underlying the Weak Gravity Conjecture is that extremal black holes must always be "unstable", in the sense that they should slowly decay by emitting either particles or smaller black holes. Here we show that, when this idea is applied to the \emph{planar} asymptotically AdS black holes which play a central role in applications of holography, the result, via gauge-gravity duality, is a prediction that there should exist a lower bound on the possible densities of cold strongly coupled matter. Recent observations of neutron stars suggest that, in many cases, even the extreme densities in their cores may not be sufficient to generate quark matter, showing that there is indeed a (very high) lower bound on the possible density of cold quark matter.
[ { "created": "Sat, 6 Nov 2021 08:01:57 GMT", "version": "v1" }, { "created": "Sun, 27 Mar 2022 10:03:37 GMT", "version": "v2" } ]
2022-04-13
[ [ "McInnes", "Brett", "" ] ]
The initial idea underlying the Weak Gravity Conjecture is that extremal black holes must always be "unstable", in the sense that they should slowly decay by emitting either particles or smaller black holes. Here we show that, when this idea is applied to the \emph{planar} asymptotically AdS black holes which play a central role in applications of holography, the result, via gauge-gravity duality, is a prediction that there should exist a lower bound on the possible densities of cold strongly coupled matter. Recent observations of neutron stars suggest that, in many cases, even the extreme densities in their cores may not be sufficient to generate quark matter, showing that there is indeed a (very high) lower bound on the possible density of cold quark matter.
1505.07371
Alexis Helou
Alexis Helou
Dynamics of the four kinds of Trapping Horizons and Existence of Hawking Radiation
22 pages, 4 figures
null
null
null
gr-qc hep-th
http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/
We work with the notion of apparent/trapping horizons for spherically symmetric, dynamical spacetimes: these are quasi-locally defined, simply based on the behaviour of congruence of light rays. We show that the sign of the dynamical Hayward-Kodama surface gravity is dictated by the inner/outer nature of the horizon. Using the tunneling method to compute Hawking Radiation, this surface gravity is then linked to a notion of temperature, up to a sign that is dictated by the future/past nature of the horizon. Therefore two sign effects are conspiring to give a positive temperature for the black hole case and the expanding cosmology, whereas the same quantity is negative for white holes and contracting cosmologies. This is consistent with the fact that, in the latter cases, the horizon does not act as a separating membrane, and Hawking emission should not occur.
[ { "created": "Wed, 27 May 2015 15:20:09 GMT", "version": "v1" } ]
2015-05-28
[ [ "Helou", "Alexis", "" ] ]
We work with the notion of apparent/trapping horizons for spherically symmetric, dynamical spacetimes: these are quasi-locally defined, simply based on the behaviour of congruence of light rays. We show that the sign of the dynamical Hayward-Kodama surface gravity is dictated by the inner/outer nature of the horizon. Using the tunneling method to compute Hawking Radiation, this surface gravity is then linked to a notion of temperature, up to a sign that is dictated by the future/past nature of the horizon. Therefore two sign effects are conspiring to give a positive temperature for the black hole case and the expanding cosmology, whereas the same quantity is negative for white holes and contracting cosmologies. This is consistent with the fact that, in the latter cases, the horizon does not act as a separating membrane, and Hawking emission should not occur.
2007.06907
Soumya Jana
Soumya Jana, Charles Dalang, Lucas Lombriser
Horndeski theories and beyond from higher dimensions
29 pages, published version
Class. Quantum Grav. 38 (2021) 025003
10.1088/1361-6382/abc272
null
gr-qc hep-th
http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/
The Einstein-Hilbert action with a cosmological constant is the most general local four-dimensional action leading to second-order derivative equations of motion that are symmetric and divergence free. In higher dimensions, additional terms can appear. We investigate a generalised metric decomposition involving a scalar degree of freedom to express the higher-dimensional action as an effective four-dimensional scalar-tensor theory. From the higher-dimensional Ricci scalar alone and a subclass of our metric ansatz, we recover the subset of Horndeski theories with luminal speed of gravitational waves. More generally, beyond-Horndeski terms appear. When including a Gauss-Bonnet scalar in the higher-dimensional action, we generate contributions to all cubic-order second-derivative terms present in the degenerate higher-order scalar-tensor theory as well as higher-derivative terms beyond that. We discuss this technique as a way to generate healthy four-dimensional gravity theories with an extra scalar degree of freedom and outline further generalisations of our method.
[ { "created": "Tue, 14 Jul 2020 08:38:17 GMT", "version": "v1" }, { "created": "Mon, 8 Feb 2021 07:30:32 GMT", "version": "v2" } ]
2021-02-09
[ [ "Jana", "Soumya", "" ], [ "Dalang", "Charles", "" ], [ "Lombriser", "Lucas", "" ] ]
The Einstein-Hilbert action with a cosmological constant is the most general local four-dimensional action leading to second-order derivative equations of motion that are symmetric and divergence free. In higher dimensions, additional terms can appear. We investigate a generalised metric decomposition involving a scalar degree of freedom to express the higher-dimensional action as an effective four-dimensional scalar-tensor theory. From the higher-dimensional Ricci scalar alone and a subclass of our metric ansatz, we recover the subset of Horndeski theories with luminal speed of gravitational waves. More generally, beyond-Horndeski terms appear. When including a Gauss-Bonnet scalar in the higher-dimensional action, we generate contributions to all cubic-order second-derivative terms present in the degenerate higher-order scalar-tensor theory as well as higher-derivative terms beyond that. We discuss this technique as a way to generate healthy four-dimensional gravity theories with an extra scalar degree of freedom and outline further generalisations of our method.
2205.15277
Joao G. Rosa
John March-Russell and Jo\~ao G. Rosa
Micro-Bose/Proca dark matter stars from black hole superradiance
5 pages, 2 figures
null
null
null
gr-qc astro-ph.CO hep-ph
http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0/
We study the production of heavy, $\mu \gtrsim 1$ TeV, bosonic spin $s=0,1$ dark matter (DM) via the simultaneous processes of Hawking evaporation and superradiance (SR) from an initial population of small, $\lesssim 10^6$ kg, primordial black holes (PBHs). Even for small initial PBH spins the SR process can produce extremely dense gravitationally-bound DM Bose or Proca soliton "stars" of radius $\lesssim {\rm pm}$ and mass $\sim 10^{\rm few}$ kg that can survive to today, well after PBH decay. These solitons can constitute a significant fraction of the DM density, rising to $\gtrsim 50\%$ in the vector DM case.
[ { "created": "Mon, 30 May 2022 17:38:51 GMT", "version": "v1" } ]
2022-05-31
[ [ "March-Russell", "John", "" ], [ "Rosa", "João G.", "" ] ]
We study the production of heavy, $\mu \gtrsim 1$ TeV, bosonic spin $s=0,1$ dark matter (DM) via the simultaneous processes of Hawking evaporation and superradiance (SR) from an initial population of small, $\lesssim 10^6$ kg, primordial black holes (PBHs). Even for small initial PBH spins the SR process can produce extremely dense gravitationally-bound DM Bose or Proca soliton "stars" of radius $\lesssim {\rm pm}$ and mass $\sim 10^{\rm few}$ kg that can survive to today, well after PBH decay. These solitons can constitute a significant fraction of the DM density, rising to $\gtrsim 50\%$ in the vector DM case.
gr-qc/9803072
Kayll Lake
Kayll Lake
GR 15 Proceedings A5(ii) Computer Methods in GR: Algebraic computing
7 pages, uses crckapb.sty
null
null
null
gr-qc
null
Algebraic computing in relativity and gravitation dates back more than thirty years, but only relatively recently has hardware of sufficient power to tackle large scale calculations become commonplace. Whereas it is generally understood throughout the relativity community that there are a number of packages available, the diversity of problems that the available packages can help with is not so widely appreciated. This session was devoted to computer algebra for relativity and gravitation from the point of view of developers. In this summary I expand this to include some background and outline what is available for users in the field.
[ { "created": "Thu, 19 Mar 1998 16:13:18 GMT", "version": "v1" } ]
2007-05-23
[ [ "Lake", "Kayll", "" ] ]
Algebraic computing in relativity and gravitation dates back more than thirty years, but only relatively recently has hardware of sufficient power to tackle large scale calculations become commonplace. Whereas it is generally understood throughout the relativity community that there are a number of packages available, the diversity of problems that the available packages can help with is not so widely appreciated. This session was devoted to computer algebra for relativity and gravitation from the point of view of developers. In this summary I expand this to include some background and outline what is available for users in the field.
gr-qc/9805003
Ken D. Olum
Ken D. Olum
Superluminal travel requires negative energies
5 pages, RevTeX, 2 figures with epsf. This paper now contains all the material of gr-qc/6805003 and gr-qc/9806091 since these became a single article in Phys. Rev. Lett
Phys.Rev.Lett. 81 (1998) 3567-3570
10.1103/PhysRevLett.81.3567
null
gr-qc
null
I investigate the relationship between faster-than-light travel and weak-energy-condition violation, i.e., negative energy densities. In a general spacetime it is difficult to define faster-than-light travel, and I give an example of a metric which appears to allow superluminal travel, but in fact is just flat space. To avoid such difficulties, I propose a definition of superluminal travel which requires that the path to be traveled reach a destination surface at an earlier time than any neighboring path. With this definition (and assuming the generic condition) I prove that superluminal travel requires weak-energy-condition violation.
[ { "created": "Fri, 1 May 1998 19:39:39 GMT", "version": "v1" }, { "created": "Wed, 14 Oct 1998 18:55:32 GMT", "version": "v2" } ]
2015-06-25
[ [ "Olum", "Ken D.", "" ] ]
I investigate the relationship between faster-than-light travel and weak-energy-condition violation, i.e., negative energy densities. In a general spacetime it is difficult to define faster-than-light travel, and I give an example of a metric which appears to allow superluminal travel, but in fact is just flat space. To avoid such difficulties, I propose a definition of superluminal travel which requires that the path to be traveled reach a destination surface at an earlier time than any neighboring path. With this definition (and assuming the generic condition) I prove that superluminal travel requires weak-energy-condition violation.
1606.04097
Supriya Pan
Supriya Pan, Barun Kumar Pal and Souvik Pramanik
Gravitationally influenced particle creation models and late-time cosmic acceleration
12 pages, 2 Tables, 5 Figures, title has been changed; published in Int. J. Geom. Meth. Mod. Phys
Int. J. Geom. Meth. Mod. Phys. 15 (2018), no. 03, 1850042
10.1142/S0219887818500421
null
gr-qc astro-ph.CO
http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/
In this work we focus on the gravitationally influenced adiabatic particle creation process, a mechanism that does not need any dark energy or modified gravity models to explain the current accelerating phase of the universe. Introducing some particle creation models that generalize some previous models in the literature, we constrain the cosmological scenarios using the latest compilation of the Type Ia Supernovae data only, the first indicator of the accelerating universe. Aside from the observational constraints on the models, we examine the models using two model independent diagnoses, namely the cosmography and $Om$. Further, we establish the general conditions to test the thermodynamic viabilities of any particle creation model. Our analysis shows that at late-time, the models have close resemblance to that of the $\Lambda$CDM cosmology, and the models always satisfy the generalized second law of thermodynamics under certain conditions.
[ { "created": "Mon, 13 Jun 2016 15:38:14 GMT", "version": "v1" }, { "created": "Sat, 18 Jun 2016 13:20:27 GMT", "version": "v2" }, { "created": "Fri, 19 Jan 2018 17:49:13 GMT", "version": "v3" }, { "created": "Sun, 8 Apr 2018 07:24:17 GMT", "version": "v4" } ]
2018-04-10
[ [ "Pan", "Supriya", "" ], [ "Pal", "Barun Kumar", "" ], [ "Pramanik", "Souvik", "" ] ]
In this work we focus on the gravitationally influenced adiabatic particle creation process, a mechanism that does not need any dark energy or modified gravity models to explain the current accelerating phase of the universe. Introducing some particle creation models that generalize some previous models in the literature, we constrain the cosmological scenarios using the latest compilation of the Type Ia Supernovae data only, the first indicator of the accelerating universe. Aside from the observational constraints on the models, we examine the models using two model independent diagnoses, namely the cosmography and $Om$. Further, we establish the general conditions to test the thermodynamic viabilities of any particle creation model. Our analysis shows that at late-time, the models have close resemblance to that of the $\Lambda$CDM cosmology, and the models always satisfy the generalized second law of thermodynamics under certain conditions.
2105.04329
Lance Williams
L.L. Williams and N. Inan
Inductive rectilinear frame dragging and local coupling to the gravitational field of the universe
13 pages, 1 figure
Universe 2021, 7(8), 284
10.3390/universe7080284
null
gr-qc
http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/
There is a drag force on objects moving in the background cosmological metric, known from galaxy cluster dynamics. The force is quite small over laboratory timescales, yet it applies in principle to all moving bodies in the universe. It means it is possible for matter to exchange momentum and energy with the gravitational field of the universe, and that the cosmological metric can be determined in principle from local measurements on moving bodies. The drag force can be understood as inductive rectilinear frame dragging. This dragging force exists in the rest frame of a moving object, and arises from the off-diagonal components induced in the boosted-frame metric. Unlike the Kerr metric or other typical frame-dragging geometries, cosmological inductive dragging occurs at uniform velocity, along the direction of motion, and dissipates energy. Proposed gravito-magnetic invariants formed from contractions of the Riemann tensor do not appear to capture inductive dragging effects, and this might be the first identification of inductive rectilinear dragging.
[ { "created": "Mon, 10 May 2021 13:05:39 GMT", "version": "v1" }, { "created": "Mon, 12 Jul 2021 04:23:30 GMT", "version": "v2" } ]
2021-08-06
[ [ "Williams", "L. L.", "" ], [ "Inan", "N.", "" ] ]
There is a drag force on objects moving in the background cosmological metric, known from galaxy cluster dynamics. The force is quite small over laboratory timescales, yet it applies in principle to all moving bodies in the universe. It means it is possible for matter to exchange momentum and energy with the gravitational field of the universe, and that the cosmological metric can be determined in principle from local measurements on moving bodies. The drag force can be understood as inductive rectilinear frame dragging. This dragging force exists in the rest frame of a moving object, and arises from the off-diagonal components induced in the boosted-frame metric. Unlike the Kerr metric or other typical frame-dragging geometries, cosmological inductive dragging occurs at uniform velocity, along the direction of motion, and dissipates energy. Proposed gravito-magnetic invariants formed from contractions of the Riemann tensor do not appear to capture inductive dragging effects, and this might be the first identification of inductive rectilinear dragging.
1912.10015
Benjamin Elder
Benjamin Elder, Valeri Vardanyan, Yashar Akrami, Philippe Brax, Anne-Christine Davis, and Ricardo S. Decca
The Classical Symmetron Force in Casimir Experiments
16 pages, 8 figures
Phys. Rev. D 101, 064065 (2020)
10.1103/PhysRevD.101.064065
null
gr-qc astro-ph.CO hep-ph
http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/
The symmetron is a typical example of screened modified gravity, wherein the symmetron force is dynamically suppressed in dense environments. This allows it to hide in traditional tests of gravity. However, the past decade has seen great experimental progress towards measuring screened forces in the laboratory or in space. Screening relies on nonlinearities in the equation of motion, which significantly complicates the theoretical analysis of such forces. Here, we present a calculation of the symmetron force between a dense plate and sphere surrounded by vacuum. This is done via semi-analytical approaches in two limiting cases, based on the size of the sphere: large spheres are analyzed via the proximity force approximation, whilst small spheres are treated as screened test particles. In the intermediate regime we solve the problem numerically. Our results allow us to make contact with Casimir force experiments, which often employ a plate and sphere configuration for practical reasons, and may therefore be used to constrain symmetrons. We use our results to forecast constraints on the symmetron's parameters for a hypothetical Casimir experiment that is based on the current state of the art. The forecasts compare favorably to other leading laboratory tests of gravity, particularly atom interferometry and bouncing neutrons. We thus conclude that near-future Casimir experiments will be capable of placing tight new bounds on symmetrons. Our results for the symmetron force are derived in a scale-invariant way, such that although we here focus on Casimir experiments, they may be applied to any other plate-sphere system, ranging from microscopic to astrophysical scales.
[ { "created": "Fri, 20 Dec 2019 18:43:31 GMT", "version": "v1" } ]
2020-04-01
[ [ "Elder", "Benjamin", "" ], [ "Vardanyan", "Valeri", "" ], [ "Akrami", "Yashar", "" ], [ "Brax", "Philippe", "" ], [ "Davis", "Anne-Christine", "" ], [ "Decca", "Ricardo S.", "" ] ]
The symmetron is a typical example of screened modified gravity, wherein the symmetron force is dynamically suppressed in dense environments. This allows it to hide in traditional tests of gravity. However, the past decade has seen great experimental progress towards measuring screened forces in the laboratory or in space. Screening relies on nonlinearities in the equation of motion, which significantly complicates the theoretical analysis of such forces. Here, we present a calculation of the symmetron force between a dense plate and sphere surrounded by vacuum. This is done via semi-analytical approaches in two limiting cases, based on the size of the sphere: large spheres are analyzed via the proximity force approximation, whilst small spheres are treated as screened test particles. In the intermediate regime we solve the problem numerically. Our results allow us to make contact with Casimir force experiments, which often employ a plate and sphere configuration for practical reasons, and may therefore be used to constrain symmetrons. We use our results to forecast constraints on the symmetron's parameters for a hypothetical Casimir experiment that is based on the current state of the art. The forecasts compare favorably to other leading laboratory tests of gravity, particularly atom interferometry and bouncing neutrons. We thus conclude that near-future Casimir experiments will be capable of placing tight new bounds on symmetrons. Our results for the symmetron force are derived in a scale-invariant way, such that although we here focus on Casimir experiments, they may be applied to any other plate-sphere system, ranging from microscopic to astrophysical scales.
0801.4001
Martin Bojowald
Martin Bojowald
Quantum nature of cosmological bounces
26 pages
Gen.Rel.Grav.40:2659-2683,2008
10.1007/s10714-008-0645-1
IGC-08/1-3
gr-qc astro-ph hep-th
null
Several examples are known where quantum gravity effects resolve the classical big bang singularity by a bounce. The most detailed analysis has probably occurred for loop quantum cosmology of isotropic models sourced by a free, massless scalar. Once a bounce has been realized under fairly general conditions, the central questions are how strongly quantum it behaves, what influence quantum effects can have on its appearance, and what quantum space-time beyond the bounce may look like. This, then, has to be taken into account for effective equations which describe the evolution properly and can be used for further phenomenological investigations. Here, we provide the first analysis with interacting matter with new effective equations valid for weak self-interactions or small masses. They differ from the free scalar equations by crucial terms and have an important influence on the bounce and the space-time around it. Especially the role of squeezed states, which have often been overlooked in this context, is highlighted. The presence of a bounce is proven for uncorrelated states, but as squeezing is a dynamical property and may change in time, further work is required for a general conclusion.
[ { "created": "Fri, 25 Jan 2008 17:59:45 GMT", "version": "v1" } ]
2008-12-18
[ [ "Bojowald", "Martin", "" ] ]
Several examples are known where quantum gravity effects resolve the classical big bang singularity by a bounce. The most detailed analysis has probably occurred for loop quantum cosmology of isotropic models sourced by a free, massless scalar. Once a bounce has been realized under fairly general conditions, the central questions are how strongly quantum it behaves, what influence quantum effects can have on its appearance, and what quantum space-time beyond the bounce may look like. This, then, has to be taken into account for effective equations which describe the evolution properly and can be used for further phenomenological investigations. Here, we provide the first analysis with interacting matter with new effective equations valid for weak self-interactions or small masses. They differ from the free scalar equations by crucial terms and have an important influence on the bounce and the space-time around it. Especially the role of squeezed states, which have often been overlooked in this context, is highlighted. The presence of a bounce is proven for uncorrelated states, but as squeezing is a dynamical property and may change in time, further work is required for a general conclusion.
1802.08087
Sergio Ulhoa
A. S. Fernandes, S. C. Ulhoa, R. G. G. Amorim
On Quantum Cosmology in Teleparallel Gravity
null
Journal of Physics: Conf. Series 965 (2018) 012014
10.1088/1742-6596/965/1/012014
null
gr-qc
http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/
A quantum cosmology in teleparallel gravity is presented in this article. Teleparallel gravity is used to perform such an analysis once in General Relativity (GR) the concept of gravitational energy is misleading preventing the establishment of a concise quantum cosmology. The Wheeler-DeWitt like equation is obtained using the Weyl quantization and the teleparallel expression of energy.
[ { "created": "Wed, 21 Feb 2018 18:59:31 GMT", "version": "v1" } ]
2018-02-23
[ [ "Fernandes", "A. S.", "" ], [ "Ulhoa", "S. C.", "" ], [ "Amorim", "R. G. G.", "" ] ]
A quantum cosmology in teleparallel gravity is presented in this article. Teleparallel gravity is used to perform such an analysis once in General Relativity (GR) the concept of gravitational energy is misleading preventing the establishment of a concise quantum cosmology. The Wheeler-DeWitt like equation is obtained using the Weyl quantization and the teleparallel expression of energy.
1601.07563
Dejan Stojkovic
De-Chang Dai, Dejan Stojkovic
Maximal temperature in a simple thermodynamical system
Published in JCAP 1606 (2016) no.06, 040
JCAP 1606 (2016) no.06, 040
10.1088/1475-7516/2016/06/040
null
gr-qc hep-th
http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/
Temperature in a simple thermodynamical system is not limited from above. It is also widely believed that it does not make sense talking about temperatures higher than the Planck temperature in the absence of the full theory of quantum gravity. Here, we demonstrate that there exist a maximal achievable temperature in a system where particles obey the laws of quantum mechanics and classical gravity before we reach the realm of quantum gravity. Namely, if two particles with a given center of mass energy come at the distance shorter than the Schwarzschild diameter apart, according to classical gravity they will form a black hole. It is possible to calculate that a simple thermodynamical system will be dominated by black holes at a critical temperature which is about three times lower than the Planck temperature. That represents the maximal achievable temperature in a simple thermodynamical system.
[ { "created": "Wed, 27 Jan 2016 21:00:52 GMT", "version": "v1" }, { "created": "Fri, 22 Jul 2016 21:49:31 GMT", "version": "v2" } ]
2016-08-05
[ [ "Dai", "De-Chang", "" ], [ "Stojkovic", "Dejan", "" ] ]
Temperature in a simple thermodynamical system is not limited from above. It is also widely believed that it does not make sense talking about temperatures higher than the Planck temperature in the absence of the full theory of quantum gravity. Here, we demonstrate that there exist a maximal achievable temperature in a system where particles obey the laws of quantum mechanics and classical gravity before we reach the realm of quantum gravity. Namely, if two particles with a given center of mass energy come at the distance shorter than the Schwarzschild diameter apart, according to classical gravity they will form a black hole. It is possible to calculate that a simple thermodynamical system will be dominated by black holes at a critical temperature which is about three times lower than the Planck temperature. That represents the maximal achievable temperature in a simple thermodynamical system.
2209.03536
Kelvin H. M. Chan
Kelvin H. M. Chan and Otto A. Hannuksela
Extracting ultralight boson properties from boson clouds around post-merger remnants
12 pages
null
null
null
gr-qc astro-ph.HE hep-ph
http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/
Ultralight bosons are a class of hypothetical particles that could potentially solve critical problems in fields ranging from cosmology to astrophysics and fundamental physics. If ultralight bosons exist, they form clouds around spinning black holes with sizes comparable to their particle Compton wavelength through superradiance, a well-understood classical wave amplification process that has been studied for decades. After these clouds form, they dissipate and emit continuous gravitational waves through the annihilation of ultralight bosons into gravitons. These gravitons could be detected with ground-based gravitational-wave detectors using continuous-wave searches. However, it is conceivable for other continuous-wave sources to mimic the emission from the clouds, which could lead to false detections. Here we investigate how one can use continuous waves from clouds formed around known merger remnants to alleviate this problem. In particular, we simulate a catalogue of merger remnants that form clouds around them and demonstrate with select "golden" merger remnants how one can perform a Bayesian cross-verification of the ultralight boson hypothesis that has the potential to rule out alternative explanations. Our proof-of-concept study suggest that, in the future, there is a possibility that a merger remnant exists close enough for us to perform the analysis and test the boson hypothesis if the bosons exist in the relevant mass range. Future research will focus on building more sophisticated continuous-wave tools to perform this analysis in practice.
[ { "created": "Thu, 8 Sep 2022 02:35:27 GMT", "version": "v1" }, { "created": "Fri, 9 Sep 2022 00:49:07 GMT", "version": "v2" } ]
2022-09-13
[ [ "Chan", "Kelvin H. M.", "" ], [ "Hannuksela", "Otto A.", "" ] ]
Ultralight bosons are a class of hypothetical particles that could potentially solve critical problems in fields ranging from cosmology to astrophysics and fundamental physics. If ultralight bosons exist, they form clouds around spinning black holes with sizes comparable to their particle Compton wavelength through superradiance, a well-understood classical wave amplification process that has been studied for decades. After these clouds form, they dissipate and emit continuous gravitational waves through the annihilation of ultralight bosons into gravitons. These gravitons could be detected with ground-based gravitational-wave detectors using continuous-wave searches. However, it is conceivable for other continuous-wave sources to mimic the emission from the clouds, which could lead to false detections. Here we investigate how one can use continuous waves from clouds formed around known merger remnants to alleviate this problem. In particular, we simulate a catalogue of merger remnants that form clouds around them and demonstrate with select "golden" merger remnants how one can perform a Bayesian cross-verification of the ultralight boson hypothesis that has the potential to rule out alternative explanations. Our proof-of-concept study suggest that, in the future, there is a possibility that a merger remnant exists close enough for us to perform the analysis and test the boson hypothesis if the bosons exist in the relevant mass range. Future research will focus on building more sophisticated continuous-wave tools to perform this analysis in practice.
1406.0840
Ghulam Abbas
G. Abbas, U. Sabiullah
Geodesic Study of Regular Hayward Black Hole
14 pages, 7 figures. Accepted for publication in Astrophy. and Space Sci. This paper is outcome of M.Sc. Thesis of Mr. Sabiullah Supervised by Dr. Ghulam Abbas
Astrophys. Space Sci. 352(2014)769
10.1007/s10509-014-1992-x
null
gr-qc
http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/
This paper is devoted to study the geodesic structure of regular Hayward black hole. The timelike and null geodesic have been studied explicitly for radial and non-radial motion. For timelike and null geodesic in radial motion there exists analytical solution, while for non-radial motion the effective potential has been plotted, which investigates the position and turning points of the particle. It has been found that massive particle moving along timelike geodesics path are dragged towards the BH and continues move around BH in particular orbits.
[ { "created": "Tue, 3 Jun 2014 07:50:47 GMT", "version": "v1" } ]
2015-06-19
[ [ "Abbas", "G.", "" ], [ "Sabiullah", "U.", "" ] ]
This paper is devoted to study the geodesic structure of regular Hayward black hole. The timelike and null geodesic have been studied explicitly for radial and non-radial motion. For timelike and null geodesic in radial motion there exists analytical solution, while for non-radial motion the effective potential has been plotted, which investigates the position and turning points of the particle. It has been found that massive particle moving along timelike geodesics path are dragged towards the BH and continues move around BH in particular orbits.
2205.08707
Vladimir Folomeev
Vladimir Dzhunushaliev, Vladimir Folomeev, and Nassurlla Burtebayev
Rapidly rotating Dirac stars
12 pages, 4 figures, minor corrections to content, version published in PRD
Phys. Rev. D 106, 024021 (2022)
10.1103/PhysRevD.106.024021
null
gr-qc
http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/
Within general relativity, we construct sequences of rapidly rotating Dirac stars consisting of a spinor fluid described by an effective equation of state. We find the physically relevant domain of stable configurations and calculate their principal characteristics which are completely determined by the central density of the spinor fluid, the mass of the nonlinear spinor field, and the velocity of rotation. It is demonstrated that for a certain choice of the spinor field mass, the main physical characteristics of the Dirac stars are close to those that are typical of rotating neutron stars.
[ { "created": "Wed, 18 May 2022 04:05:48 GMT", "version": "v1" }, { "created": "Thu, 14 Jul 2022 04:01:21 GMT", "version": "v2" } ]
2022-07-15
[ [ "Dzhunushaliev", "Vladimir", "" ], [ "Folomeev", "Vladimir", "" ], [ "Burtebayev", "Nassurlla", "" ] ]
Within general relativity, we construct sequences of rapidly rotating Dirac stars consisting of a spinor fluid described by an effective equation of state. We find the physically relevant domain of stable configurations and calculate their principal characteristics which are completely determined by the central density of the spinor fluid, the mass of the nonlinear spinor field, and the velocity of rotation. It is demonstrated that for a certain choice of the spinor field mass, the main physical characteristics of the Dirac stars are close to those that are typical of rotating neutron stars.
1808.09202
Giovanni Acquaviva
Giovanni Acquaviva, Aroonkumar Beesham
Dynamical analysis of a first order theory of bulk viscosity
18 pages, 11 figures
null
10.1088/1361-6382/aadb38
null
gr-qc
http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/
We perform a global analysis of curved Friedmann-Robertson-Walker cosmologies in the presence of a viscous fluid. The fluid's bulk viscosity is governed by a first order theory recently proposed in [M. M. Disconzi, T. W. Kephart, and R. J. Scherrer, Phys. Rev. D 91, 043532 (2015)], and the analysis is carried out in a compactified parameter space with dimensionless coordinates. We provide stability properties, cosmological interpretation and thermodynamic features of the critical points.
[ { "created": "Tue, 28 Aug 2018 09:57:21 GMT", "version": "v1" } ]
2018-08-29
[ [ "Acquaviva", "Giovanni", "" ], [ "Beesham", "Aroonkumar", "" ] ]
We perform a global analysis of curved Friedmann-Robertson-Walker cosmologies in the presence of a viscous fluid. The fluid's bulk viscosity is governed by a first order theory recently proposed in [M. M. Disconzi, T. W. Kephart, and R. J. Scherrer, Phys. Rev. D 91, 043532 (2015)], and the analysis is carried out in a compactified parameter space with dimensionless coordinates. We provide stability properties, cosmological interpretation and thermodynamic features of the critical points.
2307.01768
Hussain Gohar
Hussain Gohar, Vincenzo Salzano
On the foundations of entropic cosmologies: inconsistencies, possible solutions and dead end signs
12 pages, added references and explanations
null
null
null
gr-qc
http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/
In this letter we explore the foundations of entropic cosmology and highlight some important flaws which have emerged and adopted in the recent literature. We argue that, when applying entropy and temperature on the cosmological horizon by assuming the holographic principle for all thermodynamic approaches to cosmology and gravity, one must derive the consistent thermodynamic quantities following Clausius relation. One key assumption which is generally overlooked, is that in this process one must assume a mass-to-horizon relation, which is generally taken as a linear one. We show that, regardless of the type of entropy chosen on the cosmological horizon, when a thermodynamically consistent corresponding temperature is considered, all modified entropic force models are equivalent to and indistinguishable from the original entropic force models based on standard Bekenstein entropy and Hawking temperature. As such, they are also plagued by the same problems and inability to describe in a satisfactory qualitative and quantitative way the cosmological dynamics as it emerges from the probes we have. We also show that the standard accepted parameterization for Hawking temperature (including a $\gamma$ rescaling) is actually not correctly applied, namely, it is not related to entropy in a thermodynamically consistent way. Finally, we clearly state that the explicit form of the entropic force on cosmological horizons is mostly dictated by the assumption on the mass-to-horizon relation. As such, we discuss what should be done in order to fix all such issues, and what conceptually could be implied by its correct implementation in order to advance in the field.
[ { "created": "Tue, 4 Jul 2023 15:15:43 GMT", "version": "v1" }, { "created": "Sat, 8 Jul 2023 00:56:00 GMT", "version": "v2" }, { "created": "Fri, 22 Mar 2024 14:00:09 GMT", "version": "v3" } ]
2024-03-25
[ [ "Gohar", "Hussain", "" ], [ "Salzano", "Vincenzo", "" ] ]
In this letter we explore the foundations of entropic cosmology and highlight some important flaws which have emerged and adopted in the recent literature. We argue that, when applying entropy and temperature on the cosmological horizon by assuming the holographic principle for all thermodynamic approaches to cosmology and gravity, one must derive the consistent thermodynamic quantities following Clausius relation. One key assumption which is generally overlooked, is that in this process one must assume a mass-to-horizon relation, which is generally taken as a linear one. We show that, regardless of the type of entropy chosen on the cosmological horizon, when a thermodynamically consistent corresponding temperature is considered, all modified entropic force models are equivalent to and indistinguishable from the original entropic force models based on standard Bekenstein entropy and Hawking temperature. As such, they are also plagued by the same problems and inability to describe in a satisfactory qualitative and quantitative way the cosmological dynamics as it emerges from the probes we have. We also show that the standard accepted parameterization for Hawking temperature (including a $\gamma$ rescaling) is actually not correctly applied, namely, it is not related to entropy in a thermodynamically consistent way. Finally, we clearly state that the explicit form of the entropic force on cosmological horizons is mostly dictated by the assumption on the mass-to-horizon relation. As such, we discuss what should be done in order to fix all such issues, and what conceptually could be implied by its correct implementation in order to advance in the field.
gr-qc/9712032
S. Droz
Serge Droz and Eric Poisson
Can LIGO see compact binaries?
4 Pages, Proc. to the 7th Canadian Conference on General Relativity and Relativistic Astrophysics 1997
null
null
null
gr-qc
null
The probability that interferometric detectors such as LIGO and VIRGO will successfully detect inspiraling compact binaries depends in part on our knowledge of the expected gravitational wave forms. The best approximations to the true wave forms available today are the post-Newtonian (PN) templates. In this paper we argue that these 2PN templates are accurate enough for a successful search for compact binaries with the advanced LIGO interferometer. Results are presented for the 40-meter Caltech prototype as well as for the inital and advance LIGO detectors.
[ { "created": "Fri, 5 Dec 1997 16:31:37 GMT", "version": "v1" } ]
2007-05-23
[ [ "Droz", "Serge", "" ], [ "Poisson", "Eric", "" ] ]
The probability that interferometric detectors such as LIGO and VIRGO will successfully detect inspiraling compact binaries depends in part on our knowledge of the expected gravitational wave forms. The best approximations to the true wave forms available today are the post-Newtonian (PN) templates. In this paper we argue that these 2PN templates are accurate enough for a successful search for compact binaries with the advanced LIGO interferometer. Results are presented for the 40-meter Caltech prototype as well as for the inital and advance LIGO detectors.
2106.05991
Carlos O. Lousto
Nicole Rosato, Hiroyuki Nakano, Carlos O. Lousto
Local and Approximate classification of spacetimes in the transverse frames
18 pages, 11 figures
Phys. Rev. D 104, 044047 (2021)
10.1103/PhysRevD.104.044047
null
gr-qc astro-ph.HE hep-th
http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/
We revisit the definition of transverse frames and tetrad choices with regards to its application to numerically generated spacetimes, in particular those from the merger of binary black holes. We introduce the concept of local and approximate algebraic Petrov types in the strong field regime. We define an index $\mathcal{D}=\sqrt{12/I}\left(\Psi_2 - \Psi_3^2/\Psi_4\right)$ able to discriminate between Petrov types II and D and define regions of spacetime of those approximate types when used in conjunction with the speciality invariant $S=27J^2/I^3$. We provide an explicit example applying this method to Brill-Lindquist initial data corresponding to two nonspinning black holes from rest at a given initial separation. We find a doughnut-like region that is approximately of Petrov type II surrounded by an approximately Petrov type D region. We complete the study by proposing a totally symmetric tetrad fixing of the transverse frame that can be simply implemented in numerically generated spacetimes through the computation of spin coefficients ratios. We provide an application by explicitly deriving the Kerr-perturbative equations in this tetrad.
[ { "created": "Thu, 10 Jun 2021 18:11:33 GMT", "version": "v1" }, { "created": "Sat, 24 Jul 2021 18:10:54 GMT", "version": "v2" } ]
2021-08-25
[ [ "Rosato", "Nicole", "" ], [ "Nakano", "Hiroyuki", "" ], [ "Lousto", "Carlos O.", "" ] ]
We revisit the definition of transverse frames and tetrad choices with regards to its application to numerically generated spacetimes, in particular those from the merger of binary black holes. We introduce the concept of local and approximate algebraic Petrov types in the strong field regime. We define an index $\mathcal{D}=\sqrt{12/I}\left(\Psi_2 - \Psi_3^2/\Psi_4\right)$ able to discriminate between Petrov types II and D and define regions of spacetime of those approximate types when used in conjunction with the speciality invariant $S=27J^2/I^3$. We provide an explicit example applying this method to Brill-Lindquist initial data corresponding to two nonspinning black holes from rest at a given initial separation. We find a doughnut-like region that is approximately of Petrov type II surrounded by an approximately Petrov type D region. We complete the study by proposing a totally symmetric tetrad fixing of the transverse frame that can be simply implemented in numerically generated spacetimes through the computation of spin coefficients ratios. We provide an application by explicitly deriving the Kerr-perturbative equations in this tetrad.
gr-qc/9411058
Othmar Brodbeck
Othmar Brodbeck and Norbert Straumann
Instability Proof for Einstein-Yang-Mills Solitons and Black Holes with Arbitrary Gauge Groups
26 pages, LATEX, no figures
J.Math.Phys.37:1414-1433,1996
10.1063/1.531441
ZU-TH 38/94
gr-qc
null
We prove that static, spherically symmetric, asymptotically flat soliton and black hole solutions of the Einstein-Yang-Mills equations are unstable for arbitrary gauge groups, at least for the ``generic" case. This conclusion is derived without explicit knowledge of the possible equilibrium solutions.
[ { "created": "Tue, 22 Nov 1994 13:07:30 GMT", "version": "v1" } ]
2010-11-01
[ [ "Brodbeck", "Othmar", "" ], [ "Straumann", "Norbert", "" ] ]
We prove that static, spherically symmetric, asymptotically flat soliton and black hole solutions of the Einstein-Yang-Mills equations are unstable for arbitrary gauge groups, at least for the ``generic" case. This conclusion is derived without explicit knowledge of the possible equilibrium solutions.
gr-qc/0004081
Yuri N. Obukhov
Yuri N. Obukhov and Eugen J. Vlachynsky
Einstein--Proca model: spherically symmetric solutions
20 p., Revtex, 3 Postscript figures
Ann.Phys.8:497-510,1999
10.1002/(SICI)1521-3889(199909)8:6<497::AID-ANDP497>3.0.CO;2-5
null
gr-qc
null
The Proca wave equation describes a classical massive spin 1 particle. We analyze the gravitational interaction of this vector field. In particular, the spherically symmetric solutions of the Einstein-Proca coupled system are obtained numerically. Although at infinity the metric field approaches the usual Schwarzschild (Reissner-Nordstr\"om) limit, we demonstrate the absence of black hole type configurations.
[ { "created": "Fri, 28 Apr 2000 15:46:39 GMT", "version": "v1" } ]
2017-09-27
[ [ "Obukhov", "Yuri N.", "" ], [ "Vlachynsky", "Eugen J.", "" ] ]
The Proca wave equation describes a classical massive spin 1 particle. We analyze the gravitational interaction of this vector field. In particular, the spherically symmetric solutions of the Einstein-Proca coupled system are obtained numerically. Although at infinity the metric field approaches the usual Schwarzschild (Reissner-Nordstr\"om) limit, we demonstrate the absence of black hole type configurations.
1211.2363
Gabriel Pascu
Gabriel Pascu
Atlas of Coordinate Charts on de Sitter Spacetime
null
null
null
null
gr-qc math-ph math.MP
http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/
The de Sitter manifold admits a wide variety of interesting coordinatizations. The 'atlas' is a compilation of the coordinate charts referenced throughout the literature, and is presented in the form of tables, the starting point being the embedding in a higher-dimensional Minkowski spacetime. The metric tensor and the references where the coordinate frame is discussed or used in applications are noted. Additional information is given for the entries with significant use: a convenient tetrad and the form taken by the Killing vectors in the respective coordinate frame.
[ { "created": "Sun, 11 Nov 2012 01:08:56 GMT", "version": "v1" } ]
2012-11-13
[ [ "Pascu", "Gabriel", "" ] ]
The de Sitter manifold admits a wide variety of interesting coordinatizations. The 'atlas' is a compilation of the coordinate charts referenced throughout the literature, and is presented in the form of tables, the starting point being the embedding in a higher-dimensional Minkowski spacetime. The metric tensor and the references where the coordinate frame is discussed or used in applications are noted. Additional information is given for the entries with significant use: a convenient tetrad and the form taken by the Killing vectors in the respective coordinate frame.
gr-qc/9905040
Hiroshi Umetsu
Hisao Suzuki, Eiichi Takasugi and Hiroshi Umetsu
Analytic Solutions of Teukolsky Equation in Kerr-de Sitter and Kerr-Newman-de Sitter Geometries
24 pages, LaTeX
Prog.Theor.Phys. 102 (1999) 253-272
10.1143/PTP.102.253
EPHOU 99-007, OU-HET-319
gr-qc
null
The analytic solution of Teukolsky equation in Kerr-de Sitter and Kerr-Newman-de Sitter geometries is presented and the properties of the solution are examined. In particular, we show that our solution satisfies the Teukolsky-Starobinsky identities explicitly and fix the relative normalization between solutions with the spin weight $s$ and $-s$.
[ { "created": "Thu, 13 May 1999 07:19:18 GMT", "version": "v1" } ]
2009-10-31
[ [ "Suzuki", "Hisao", "" ], [ "Takasugi", "Eiichi", "" ], [ "Umetsu", "Hiroshi", "" ] ]
The analytic solution of Teukolsky equation in Kerr-de Sitter and Kerr-Newman-de Sitter geometries is presented and the properties of the solution are examined. In particular, we show that our solution satisfies the Teukolsky-Starobinsky identities explicitly and fix the relative normalization between solutions with the spin weight $s$ and $-s$.
1308.3502
Hirotada Okawa
Hirotada Okawa
Initial Conditions for Numerical Relativity -- Introduction to numerical methods for solving elliptic PDEs
Lecture notes from the NRHEP spring school held at IST-Lisbon, March 2013. Extra material and notebooks available online at http://blackholes.ist.utl.pt/nrhep2/ To be published by IJMPA (V. Cardoso, L. Gualtieri, C. Herdeiro and U. Sperhake, Eds., 2013)
null
10.1142/S0217751X13400162
null
gr-qc
http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/
Numerical relativity became a powerful tool to investigate the dynamics of binary problems with black holes or neutron stars as well as the very structure of General Relativity. Although public numerical relativity codes are available to evolve such systems, a proper understanding of the methods involved is quite important. Here we focus on the numerical solution of elliptic partial differential equations. Such equations arise when preparing initial data for numerical relativity, but also for monitoring the evolution of black holes. Because such elliptic equations play an important role in many branches of physics, we give an overview of the topic, and show how to numerically solve them with simple examples and sample codes written in C++ and Fortran90 for beginners in numerical relativity or other fields requiring numerical expertise.
[ { "created": "Thu, 15 Aug 2013 20:14:33 GMT", "version": "v1" } ]
2015-06-16
[ [ "Okawa", "Hirotada", "" ] ]
Numerical relativity became a powerful tool to investigate the dynamics of binary problems with black holes or neutron stars as well as the very structure of General Relativity. Although public numerical relativity codes are available to evolve such systems, a proper understanding of the methods involved is quite important. Here we focus on the numerical solution of elliptic partial differential equations. Such equations arise when preparing initial data for numerical relativity, but also for monitoring the evolution of black holes. Because such elliptic equations play an important role in many branches of physics, we give an overview of the topic, and show how to numerically solve them with simple examples and sample codes written in C++ and Fortran90 for beginners in numerical relativity or other fields requiring numerical expertise.
2209.04347
Eleni-Alexandra Kontou
Melanie Graf, Eleni-Alexandra Kontou, Argam Ohanyan, Benedict Schinnerl
Hawking-type singularity theorems for worldvolume energy inequalities
30 pages
null
null
null
gr-qc math-ph math.DG math.MP
http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/
The classical singularity theorems of R. Penrose and S. Hawking from the 1960s show that, given a pointwise energy condition (and some causality as well as initial assumptions), spacetimes cannot be geodesically complete. Despite their great success, the theorems leave room for physically relevant improvements, especially regarding the classical energy conditions as essentially any quantum field theory necessarily violates them. While singularity theorems with weakened energy conditions exist for worldline integral bounds, so called worldvolume bounds are in some cases more applicable than the worldline ones, such as the case of some massive free fields. In this paper we study integral Ricci curvature bounds based on worldvolume quantum strong energy inequalities. Under the additional assumption of a - potentially very negative - global timelike Ricci curvature bound, a Hawking type singularity theorem is proven. Finally, we apply the theorem to a cosmological scenario proving past geodesic incompleteness in cases where the worldline theorem was inconclusive.
[ { "created": "Fri, 9 Sep 2022 15:19:26 GMT", "version": "v1" } ]
2022-09-12
[ [ "Graf", "Melanie", "" ], [ "Kontou", "Eleni-Alexandra", "" ], [ "Ohanyan", "Argam", "" ], [ "Schinnerl", "Benedict", "" ] ]
The classical singularity theorems of R. Penrose and S. Hawking from the 1960s show that, given a pointwise energy condition (and some causality as well as initial assumptions), spacetimes cannot be geodesically complete. Despite their great success, the theorems leave room for physically relevant improvements, especially regarding the classical energy conditions as essentially any quantum field theory necessarily violates them. While singularity theorems with weakened energy conditions exist for worldline integral bounds, so called worldvolume bounds are in some cases more applicable than the worldline ones, such as the case of some massive free fields. In this paper we study integral Ricci curvature bounds based on worldvolume quantum strong energy inequalities. Under the additional assumption of a - potentially very negative - global timelike Ricci curvature bound, a Hawking type singularity theorem is proven. Finally, we apply the theorem to a cosmological scenario proving past geodesic incompleteness in cases where the worldline theorem was inconclusive.
2106.00491
Pardyumn Kumar Sahoo
Simran Arora, S. K. J. Pacif, Abhishek Parida, P.K. Sahoo
Bulk viscous matter and the cosmic acceleration of the universe in $f(Q,T)$ gravity
Revised version
Journal of High Energy Astrophysics, 33 (2022) 1-9
10.1016/j.jheap.2021.10.001
null
gr-qc hep-th
http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/
We have studied bulk viscosity in the modified $f(Q, T)$ gravity theory formalism, where $Q$ represents the non-metricity and $T$ denotes the trace of energy-momentum tensor within a flat Friedmann-Lema\^{i}tre-Robertson-Walker metric (FLRW). Here, we have explicitly considered the effective equation of state, which includes a bulk viscosity term, and obtained the exact solutions by assuming a specific form of $f(Q, T)=\alpha Q+\beta T$, where $\alpha$ and $\beta$ are constants. Furthermore, we have found constraints on the model parameters with some external datasets, such as the revised Hubble datasets consisting of 57 data points, Baryon acoustic oscillations (BAO) datasets, and the newly published Pantheon samples with 1048 points to obtain the best fitting values of the model parameters. The obtained model is found to be in good agreement with observations. In addition, we have analyzed the cosmological behavior of the density parameter, the equation of state (EoS) parameter ($\omega$), and the deceleration parameter ($q$). The results are satisfying to the standard scenario of recent findings of cosmology. The universe appears to be evolving from a decelerated to an accelerated phase. The EoS parameter is further in the quintessence phase, indicating that the universe is accelerating. Finally, we can deduce that the accumulation of bulk viscosity as effective dark energy supports the current accelerated expansion of the universe.
[ { "created": "Mon, 31 May 2021 06:03:56 GMT", "version": "v1" }, { "created": "Fri, 27 Aug 2021 04:23:13 GMT", "version": "v2" }, { "created": "Mon, 11 Oct 2021 07:43:49 GMT", "version": "v3" } ]
2021-12-01
[ [ "Arora", "Simran", "" ], [ "Pacif", "S. K. J.", "" ], [ "Parida", "Abhishek", "" ], [ "Sahoo", "P. K.", "" ] ]
We have studied bulk viscosity in the modified $f(Q, T)$ gravity theory formalism, where $Q$ represents the non-metricity and $T$ denotes the trace of energy-momentum tensor within a flat Friedmann-Lema\^{i}tre-Robertson-Walker metric (FLRW). Here, we have explicitly considered the effective equation of state, which includes a bulk viscosity term, and obtained the exact solutions by assuming a specific form of $f(Q, T)=\alpha Q+\beta T$, where $\alpha$ and $\beta$ are constants. Furthermore, we have found constraints on the model parameters with some external datasets, such as the revised Hubble datasets consisting of 57 data points, Baryon acoustic oscillations (BAO) datasets, and the newly published Pantheon samples with 1048 points to obtain the best fitting values of the model parameters. The obtained model is found to be in good agreement with observations. In addition, we have analyzed the cosmological behavior of the density parameter, the equation of state (EoS) parameter ($\omega$), and the deceleration parameter ($q$). The results are satisfying to the standard scenario of recent findings of cosmology. The universe appears to be evolving from a decelerated to an accelerated phase. The EoS parameter is further in the quintessence phase, indicating that the universe is accelerating. Finally, we can deduce that the accumulation of bulk viscosity as effective dark energy supports the current accelerated expansion of the universe.
1602.08220
Crucean Cosmin
Cosmin Crucean and Mihaela-Andreea Baloi
Fermion production in a magnetic field in a de Sitter Universe
28 pages, 20 figures
Phys. Rev. D 93, 044070 (2016)
10.1103/PhysRevD.93.044070
null
gr-qc
http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/
The process of fermion production in the field of a magnetic dipole on a de Sitter expanding universe is analyzed. The amplitude and probability for production of massive fermions are obtained using the exact solution of the Dirac equation written in the momentum-helicity basis. We found that the most probable transitions are those that generate the fermion pair perpendicular to the direction of the magnetic field. The behavior of the probability is graphically studied for large/small values of the expansion factor, and a detailed analysis of the probability in terms of the angle between the momenta vectors of the particle and antiparticle is performed. The phenomenon of fermion production is significant only at large expansion which corresponds to the conditions from the early Universe. When the expansion factor vanishes we recover the Minkowski limit where this process is forbidden by the simultaneous energy-momentum conservation.
[ { "created": "Fri, 26 Feb 2016 07:23:37 GMT", "version": "v1" } ]
2016-02-29
[ [ "Crucean", "Cosmin", "" ], [ "Baloi", "Mihaela-Andreea", "" ] ]
The process of fermion production in the field of a magnetic dipole on a de Sitter expanding universe is analyzed. The amplitude and probability for production of massive fermions are obtained using the exact solution of the Dirac equation written in the momentum-helicity basis. We found that the most probable transitions are those that generate the fermion pair perpendicular to the direction of the magnetic field. The behavior of the probability is graphically studied for large/small values of the expansion factor, and a detailed analysis of the probability in terms of the angle between the momenta vectors of the particle and antiparticle is performed. The phenomenon of fermion production is significant only at large expansion which corresponds to the conditions from the early Universe. When the expansion factor vanishes we recover the Minkowski limit where this process is forbidden by the simultaneous energy-momentum conservation.
gr-qc/9804030
Helia Hollmann
P. Breitenlohner (Munich, Max Planck Inst.), H. Hollmann (Cambridge, DAMTP), D. Maison (Munich, Max Planck Inst.)
Quantization of the Reissner-Nordstr\"{o}m Black Hole
8 pages, Latex
Phys.Lett. B432 (1998) 293-297
10.1016/S0370-2693(98)00663-7
DAMTP-R-98-12
gr-qc
null
The Reissner--Nordstr\"{o}m family of solutions can be understood to arise from the spherically symmetric sector of a nonlinear SO(2,1)/SO(1,1) sigma model coupled to three dimensional Euclidean gravity. In this context a group theoretical quantization is performed. We identify the observables of the theory and calculate their spectra.
[ { "created": "Fri, 10 Apr 1998 15:05:02 GMT", "version": "v1" } ]
2009-10-31
[ [ "Breitenlohner", "P.", "", "Munich, Max Planck Inst." ], [ "Hollmann", "H.", "", "Cambridge,\n DAMTP" ], [ "Maison", "D.", "", "Munich, Max Planck Inst." ] ]
The Reissner--Nordstr\"{o}m family of solutions can be understood to arise from the spherically symmetric sector of a nonlinear SO(2,1)/SO(1,1) sigma model coupled to three dimensional Euclidean gravity. In this context a group theoretical quantization is performed. We identify the observables of the theory and calculate their spectra.
0911.1452
Antonio Feoli
A. Feoli
The amplitude of the gravitational de Broglie waves
null
Mod.Phys.Lett.A24:2497-2505,2009
10.1142/S0217732309031685
null
gr-qc
http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/
We calculate the amplitude of the de Broglie gravitational waves using the standard Einstein General Relativity. We find that these waves disappear in the limit $\hbar \to 0$ and when their source has a large mass and volume. From the experimental point of view, the knowledge of the amplitude allows to estimate the magnitude of the effect of the wave on a sphere of test particles. We propose also to measure a very special shift angle that does not change with time.
[ { "created": "Sat, 7 Nov 2009 19:24:24 GMT", "version": "v1" } ]
2014-11-20
[ [ "Feoli", "A.", "" ] ]
We calculate the amplitude of the de Broglie gravitational waves using the standard Einstein General Relativity. We find that these waves disappear in the limit $\hbar \to 0$ and when their source has a large mass and volume. From the experimental point of view, the knowledge of the amplitude allows to estimate the magnitude of the effect of the wave on a sphere of test particles. We propose also to measure a very special shift angle that does not change with time.
gr-qc/9810020
Luis Herrera
L. Herrera, A. Di Prisco
The Active Gravitational Mass of a Heat Conducting Sphere Out of Hydrostatic Equilibrium
To appear in General Relativity and Gravitation
Gen.Rel.Grav.31:301-313,1999
10.1023/A:1026684409560
null
gr-qc astro-ph
null
We obtain an expression for the active gravitational mass of a relativistic heat conducting fluid, just after its departure from hydrostatic equilibrium, on a time scale of the order of relaxation time. It is shown that an increase of a characteristic parameter leads to larger (smaller) values of active gravitational mass of collapsing (expanding) spheres, enhacing thereby the instability of the system.
[ { "created": "Tue, 6 Oct 1998 03:20:03 GMT", "version": "v1" } ]
2008-11-26
[ [ "Herrera", "L.", "" ], [ "Di Prisco", "A.", "" ] ]
We obtain an expression for the active gravitational mass of a relativistic heat conducting fluid, just after its departure from hydrostatic equilibrium, on a time scale of the order of relaxation time. It is shown that an increase of a characteristic parameter leads to larger (smaller) values of active gravitational mass of collapsing (expanding) spheres, enhacing thereby the instability of the system.
gr-qc/9302029
null
B. L. Hu and Yuhong Zhang
Quantum and Thermal Fluctuations, Uncertainty Principle, Decoherence and Classicality*
umdpp 93-58, 19 pages, latex. Invited Talk delivered by B. L. Hu at the Third Workshop on Quantum Nonintegrability, Drexel University, Philadelphia, May, 1992. To appear in {\it Quantum Dynamics of Chaotic Systems}, edited by J. M. Yuan, D. H. Feng and G. M. Zaslavsky (Gordon and Breach, Langhorne 1993)
null
null
null
gr-qc
null
We scrutize the commonly used criteria for classicality and examine their underlying issues. The two major issues we address here are that of decoherence and fluctuations. We borrow the insights gained in the study of the semiclassical limit of quantum cosmology to discuss the three criteria of classicality for a quantum closed system: adiabaticity, correlation and decoherence. We then use the Brownian model as a paradigm of quantum open systems to discuss the relation of quantum and thermal fluctuations and their role in the transition from quantum to classical. We derive the uncertainty relation at finite temperature. We study how the fluctuations of a quantum system evolve after it is brought in contact with a heat bath and analyse the decoherence and relaxation processes. From the effect of fluctuations on decoherence we show the relation between these two sets of criteria of classicality. Finally, we briefly comment on the issue of nonintegrability in quantum open systems.
[ { "created": "Mon, 22 Feb 1993 18:19:00 GMT", "version": "v1" } ]
2007-05-23
[ [ "Hu", "B. L.", "" ], [ "Zhang", "Yuhong", "" ] ]
We scrutize the commonly used criteria for classicality and examine their underlying issues. The two major issues we address here are that of decoherence and fluctuations. We borrow the insights gained in the study of the semiclassical limit of quantum cosmology to discuss the three criteria of classicality for a quantum closed system: adiabaticity, correlation and decoherence. We then use the Brownian model as a paradigm of quantum open systems to discuss the relation of quantum and thermal fluctuations and their role in the transition from quantum to classical. We derive the uncertainty relation at finite temperature. We study how the fluctuations of a quantum system evolve after it is brought in contact with a heat bath and analyse the decoherence and relaxation processes. From the effect of fluctuations on decoherence we show the relation between these two sets of criteria of classicality. Finally, we briefly comment on the issue of nonintegrability in quantum open systems.
2106.14966
Konstantinos Dimopoulos
Konstantinos Dimopoulos
Jointly modelling Cosmic Inflation and Dark Energy
9 pages, 3 figures. Contribution to Proceedings of HEP 2021
null
null
null
gr-qc astro-ph.CO hep-ph hep-th
http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/
Quintessential inflation utilises a single scalar field to account for the observations of both cosmic inflation and dark energy. The requirements for modelling quintessential inflation are described and two explicit successful models are presented in the context of $\alpha$-attractors and Palatini modified gravity.
[ { "created": "Mon, 28 Jun 2021 20:05:28 GMT", "version": "v1" } ]
2021-06-30
[ [ "Dimopoulos", "Konstantinos", "" ] ]
Quintessential inflation utilises a single scalar field to account for the observations of both cosmic inflation and dark energy. The requirements for modelling quintessential inflation are described and two explicit successful models are presented in the context of $\alpha$-attractors and Palatini modified gravity.
2205.08026
Deng Wang
Deng Wang
Shaving the Hair of Black Hole with Sagittarius A$^*$ from Event Horizon Telescope
4.5 pages, 1 figure
null
null
null
gr-qc hep-ph
http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/
Recently, the Event Horizon Telescope collaboration has reported the first image of the supermassive black hole Sagittarius in the Galactic Center. We attempt to test the validity of the no-hair theorem of black holes using this new shadow observation. Considering the Einstein-Maxwell-klein-Gordon theory with a minimally-coupled scalar field, we find that our numerical result is consistent with the prediction of the no-hair theorem. However, we can not rule out the possibility that black holes with scalar hair may exist in some special cases.
[ { "created": "Mon, 16 May 2022 23:56:30 GMT", "version": "v1" } ]
2022-05-18
[ [ "Wang", "Deng", "" ] ]
Recently, the Event Horizon Telescope collaboration has reported the first image of the supermassive black hole Sagittarius in the Galactic Center. We attempt to test the validity of the no-hair theorem of black holes using this new shadow observation. Considering the Einstein-Maxwell-klein-Gordon theory with a minimally-coupled scalar field, we find that our numerical result is consistent with the prediction of the no-hair theorem. However, we can not rule out the possibility that black holes with scalar hair may exist in some special cases.