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gr-qc/0508062
Martin Snajdr
Martin Snajdr
Critical Collapse of an Ultrarelativistic Fluid in the $\Gamma\to 1$ Limit
23 pages, 16 figures, revised version, added new results of investigation of a supercritical collapse and the existence of naked singularities in generic gravitational collapse
Class.Quant.Grav. 23 (2006) 3333-3352
10.1088/0264-9381/23/10/006
null
gr-qc
null
In this paper we investigate the critical collapse of an ultrarelativistic perfect fluid with the equation of state $P=(\Gamma-1)\rho$ in the limit of $\Gamma\to 1$. We calculate the limiting continuously self similar (CSS) solution and the limiting scaling exponent by exploiting self-similarity of the solution. We also solve the complete set of equations governing the gravitational collapse numerically for $(\Gamma-1) = 10^{-2},...,10^{-6}$ and compare them with the CSS solutions. We also investigate the supercritical regime and discuss the hypothesis of naked singularity formation in a generic gravitational collapse. The numerical calculations make use of advanced methods such as high resolution shock capturing evolution scheme for the matter evolution, adaptive mesh refinement, and quadruple precision arithmetic. The treatment of vacuum is also non standard. We were able to tune the critical parameter up to 30 significant digits and to calculate the scaling exponents accurately. The numerical results agree very well with those calculated using the CSS ansatz. The analysis of the collapse in the supercritical regime supports the hypothesis of the existence of naked singularities formed during a generic gravitational collapse.
[ { "created": "Tue, 16 Aug 2005 05:30:39 GMT", "version": "v1" }, { "created": "Thu, 9 Feb 2006 06:00:38 GMT", "version": "v2" } ]
2009-11-11
[ [ "Snajdr", "Martin", "" ] ]
In this paper we investigate the critical collapse of an ultrarelativistic perfect fluid with the equation of state $P=(\Gamma-1)\rho$ in the limit of $\Gamma\to 1$. We calculate the limiting continuously self similar (CSS) solution and the limiting scaling exponent by exploiting self-similarity of the solution. We also solve the complete set of equations governing the gravitational collapse numerically for $(\Gamma-1) = 10^{-2},...,10^{-6}$ and compare them with the CSS solutions. We also investigate the supercritical regime and discuss the hypothesis of naked singularity formation in a generic gravitational collapse. The numerical calculations make use of advanced methods such as high resolution shock capturing evolution scheme for the matter evolution, adaptive mesh refinement, and quadruple precision arithmetic. The treatment of vacuum is also non standard. We were able to tune the critical parameter up to 30 significant digits and to calculate the scaling exponents accurately. The numerical results agree very well with those calculated using the CSS ansatz. The analysis of the collapse in the supercritical regime supports the hypothesis of the existence of naked singularities formed during a generic gravitational collapse.
1511.05287
Titus K Mathew
Athira Sasidharan, Titus K Mathew
Phase space analysis of bulk viscous matter dominated universe
22 pages and 3 figures
JHEP 1606 (2016) 138
10.1007/JHEP06(2016)138
null
gr-qc
http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/
We consider a Friedmann model of the universe with bulk viscous matter and radiation as the cosmic components. We study the asymptotic properties in the equivalent phase space by considering the three cases for the bulk viscous coefficient as (i) $\zeta = \zeta_{0}$, a constant (ii) $\zeta = \zeta_{0} + \zeta_{1}\frac{\dot{a}}{a}$, depending on velocity of the expansion of the universe and (iii) $\zeta = \zeta_{0} + \zeta_{1}\frac{\dot{a}}{a} + \zeta_{2}\frac{\ddot{a}}{\dot{a}}$, depending both on velocity and acceleration of the expansion of the universe. It is found that all the three cases predicts the late acceleration of the universe. However, a conventional realistic behaviour of the universe, i.e., a universe having an initial radiation dominated phase and then followed by decelerated matter dominated phase and then finally evolving to accelerated epoch, is shown only when $\zeta = \zeta_{0}$, a constant. For the other two cases, it does not show either a prior conventional radiation dominated phase or a matter dominated phase of the universe.
[ { "created": "Tue, 17 Nov 2015 06:56:59 GMT", "version": "v1" }, { "created": "Wed, 27 Apr 2016 06:04:48 GMT", "version": "v2" } ]
2019-05-13
[ [ "Sasidharan", "Athira", "" ], [ "Mathew", "Titus K", "" ] ]
We consider a Friedmann model of the universe with bulk viscous matter and radiation as the cosmic components. We study the asymptotic properties in the equivalent phase space by considering the three cases for the bulk viscous coefficient as (i) $\zeta = \zeta_{0}$, a constant (ii) $\zeta = \zeta_{0} + \zeta_{1}\frac{\dot{a}}{a}$, depending on velocity of the expansion of the universe and (iii) $\zeta = \zeta_{0} + \zeta_{1}\frac{\dot{a}}{a} + \zeta_{2}\frac{\ddot{a}}{\dot{a}}$, depending both on velocity and acceleration of the expansion of the universe. It is found that all the three cases predicts the late acceleration of the universe. However, a conventional realistic behaviour of the universe, i.e., a universe having an initial radiation dominated phase and then followed by decelerated matter dominated phase and then finally evolving to accelerated epoch, is shown only when $\zeta = \zeta_{0}$, a constant. For the other two cases, it does not show either a prior conventional radiation dominated phase or a matter dominated phase of the universe.
2209.05060
Marie-No\"elle C\'el\'erier
Marie-No\''elle C\'el\'erier (Observatoire de Paris)
Study of stationary rigidly rotating anisotropic cylindrical fluids with new exact interior solutions of GR. 5. Dust limit and discussion
8 pages, no figure
null
10.1063/5.0121183
null
gr-qc
http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0/
The present article is the last in a series of five devoted to the study of the effect of anisotropic pressure on the gravitationnal impact of a stationary rigidly rotating cylindrically symmetric fluid with the use of new exact solutions of General Relativity. In the four first papers in this series, three kinds of pressures directed each along one of the principal stresses of the fluid have been considered and new interior solutions of the field equations have been constructed and analyzed. Here, key results and issues raised in these previous works are synthesized and some fundamental notions of general relativity, causality, regularity of Lorentzian manifolds, elementary flatness in the vicinity of a symmetry axis, singularities, physics of angular deficits, weak and strong energy conditions, are revisited. Then, a new derivation of the corresponding dust solution is displayed and shown to correspond indeed to the Lanczos-van Stockum solution shedding new light to this well-known spacetime.
[ { "created": "Mon, 12 Sep 2022 07:39:43 GMT", "version": "v1" } ]
2023-05-24
[ [ "Célérier", "Marie-No\\''elle", "", "Observatoire de Paris" ] ]
The present article is the last in a series of five devoted to the study of the effect of anisotropic pressure on the gravitationnal impact of a stationary rigidly rotating cylindrically symmetric fluid with the use of new exact solutions of General Relativity. In the four first papers in this series, three kinds of pressures directed each along one of the principal stresses of the fluid have been considered and new interior solutions of the field equations have been constructed and analyzed. Here, key results and issues raised in these previous works are synthesized and some fundamental notions of general relativity, causality, regularity of Lorentzian manifolds, elementary flatness in the vicinity of a symmetry axis, singularities, physics of angular deficits, weak and strong energy conditions, are revisited. Then, a new derivation of the corresponding dust solution is displayed and shown to correspond indeed to the Lanczos-van Stockum solution shedding new light to this well-known spacetime.
1302.3977
Isha Pahwa
Isha Pahwa, Debajyoti Choudhury and T. R. Seshadri
Inflation in Higher Dimensional Gauss-Bonnet Cosmology
11 pages, 7 figures
null
null
null
gr-qc astro-ph.CO hep-th
http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/
A Gauss-Bonnet term naturally appears in the action for gravity when one considers the existence of space time with dimensions more than 1+3. A variety of inflationary models can be obtained within such a framework, once the scale factor for the hidden dimension(s) is not constrained to be the same as that of the visible ones. In particular, the need for an adhoc inflaton field is eliminated. The phase space has a rich structure with different types of solutions, both stable and unstable. For a large class of solutions, the scale factors rapidly approach an asymptotic exponential form. Furthermore, sufficient inflation can be obtained for only a modest compression of the hidden world, if the latter is of a sufficiently large dimension.
[ { "created": "Sat, 16 Feb 2013 16:43:15 GMT", "version": "v1" } ]
2013-02-19
[ [ "Pahwa", "Isha", "" ], [ "Choudhury", "Debajyoti", "" ], [ "Seshadri", "T. R.", "" ] ]
A Gauss-Bonnet term naturally appears in the action for gravity when one considers the existence of space time with dimensions more than 1+3. A variety of inflationary models can be obtained within such a framework, once the scale factor for the hidden dimension(s) is not constrained to be the same as that of the visible ones. In particular, the need for an adhoc inflaton field is eliminated. The phase space has a rich structure with different types of solutions, both stable and unstable. For a large class of solutions, the scale factors rapidly approach an asymptotic exponential form. Furthermore, sufficient inflation can be obtained for only a modest compression of the hidden world, if the latter is of a sufficiently large dimension.
gr-qc/0606066
Jian-Yang Zhu
Jun Ren, Jingyi Zhang, Zheng Zhao
Tunnelling Effect and Hawking Radiation from a Vaidya Black Hole
null
Chin.Phys.Lett. 23 (2006) 2019-2022
10.1088/0256-307X/23/8/016
null
gr-qc
null
In this paper, we extend Parikh' work to the non-stationary black hole. As an example of the non-stationary black hole, we study the tunnelling effect and Hawking radiation from a Vaidya black hole whose Bondi mass is identical to its mass parameter. We view Hawking radiation as a tunnelling process across the event horizon and calculate the tunnelling probability. We find that the result is different from Parikh's work because $\frac{dr_{H}}{dv}$ is the function of Bondi mass m(v).
[ { "created": "Thu, 15 Jun 2006 12:50:22 GMT", "version": "v1" } ]
2009-11-11
[ [ "Ren", "Jun", "" ], [ "Zhang", "Jingyi", "" ], [ "Zhao", "Zheng", "" ] ]
In this paper, we extend Parikh' work to the non-stationary black hole. As an example of the non-stationary black hole, we study the tunnelling effect and Hawking radiation from a Vaidya black hole whose Bondi mass is identical to its mass parameter. We view Hawking radiation as a tunnelling process across the event horizon and calculate the tunnelling probability. We find that the result is different from Parikh's work because $\frac{dr_{H}}{dv}$ is the function of Bondi mass m(v).
2407.08538
Natalie Williams Ms
Natalie Williams, Patricia Schmidt, Geraint Pratten
PhenomGSF: A phenomenological model of gravitational self-force enhanced tides in inspiralling binary neutron stars
25 pages, 14 figures
null
null
LIGO Document P2400286
gr-qc astro-ph.HE
http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/
Gravitational waves from inspiralling binary neutron stars provide unique access to ultra-dense nuclear matter and offer the ability to constrain the currently unknown neutron star equation-of-state through tidal measurements. This, however, requires the availability of accurate and efficient tidal waveform models. In this paper we present PhenomGSF, a new phenomenological tidal phase model for the inspiral of neutron stars in the frequency-domain, which captures the gravitational self-force informed tidal contributions of the time-domain effective-one-body model TEOBResumS. PhenomGSF is highly faithful and computationally efficient, and by choosing a modular approach, it can be used in conjunction with any frequency-domain binary black hole waveform model to generate the complete phase for a binary neutron star inspiral. PhenomGSF is valid for neutron star binaries with unequal masses and mass ratios between 1 and 3, and dimensionless tidal deformabilities up to 5000. Furthermore, PhenomGSF does not assume universal relations or parameterised equations-of-state, hence allowing for exotic matter analyses and beyond standard model physics investigations. We demonstrate the efficacy and accuracy of our model through comparisons against TEOBResumS, numerical relativity waveforms and full Bayesian inference, including a reanalysis of the binary neutron star observation GW170817.
[ { "created": "Thu, 11 Jul 2024 14:26:33 GMT", "version": "v1" } ]
2024-07-12
[ [ "Williams", "Natalie", "" ], [ "Schmidt", "Patricia", "" ], [ "Pratten", "Geraint", "" ] ]
Gravitational waves from inspiralling binary neutron stars provide unique access to ultra-dense nuclear matter and offer the ability to constrain the currently unknown neutron star equation-of-state through tidal measurements. This, however, requires the availability of accurate and efficient tidal waveform models. In this paper we present PhenomGSF, a new phenomenological tidal phase model for the inspiral of neutron stars in the frequency-domain, which captures the gravitational self-force informed tidal contributions of the time-domain effective-one-body model TEOBResumS. PhenomGSF is highly faithful and computationally efficient, and by choosing a modular approach, it can be used in conjunction with any frequency-domain binary black hole waveform model to generate the complete phase for a binary neutron star inspiral. PhenomGSF is valid for neutron star binaries with unequal masses and mass ratios between 1 and 3, and dimensionless tidal deformabilities up to 5000. Furthermore, PhenomGSF does not assume universal relations or parameterised equations-of-state, hence allowing for exotic matter analyses and beyond standard model physics investigations. We demonstrate the efficacy and accuracy of our model through comparisons against TEOBResumS, numerical relativity waveforms and full Bayesian inference, including a reanalysis of the binary neutron star observation GW170817.
gr-qc/9703019
Chris Chambers
Robert Geroch (Enrico Fermi Institute)
Suggestions For Giving Talks
4 pages (no figures), Revtex, uses twocolumn.sty and header.sty (included)
null
null
null
gr-qc
null
This is a latex'd version of Robert Geroch's 1973 notes entitled 'Suggestions For Giving Talks'.
[ { "created": "Fri, 7 Mar 1997 00:09:17 GMT", "version": "v1" } ]
2007-05-23
[ [ "Geroch", "Robert", "", "Enrico Fermi Institute" ] ]
This is a latex'd version of Robert Geroch's 1973 notes entitled 'Suggestions For Giving Talks'.
1501.00331
Alfredo Sandoval-Villalbazo
A. Sandoval-Villalbazo, A. R. Sagaceta-Mejia, and A. L. Garcia-Perciante
On the kinetic foundations of Kaluza's magnetohydrodynamics
13 pages, no figures. Accepted for publication in the Journal of Non-Equilibrium Thermodynamics
J.Nonequil.Thermo. 40 (2015) 93
null
null
gr-qc
http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/
Recent work has shown the existence of a relativistic effect present in a single component non-equilibrium fluid, corresponding to a heat flux due to an electric field. The treatment in that work was limited to a four-dimensional Minkowksi space-time in which the Boltzmann equation was treated in a special relativistic approach. The more complete framework of general relativity can be introduced to kinetic theory in order to describe transport processes associated to electromagnetic fields. In this context the original Kaluza's formalism is a promising approach. The present work contains a kinetic theory basis for Kaluza's magnetohydrodynamics and gives a novel description for the establishment of thermodynamic forces beyond the special relativistic description.
[ { "created": "Fri, 2 Jan 2015 00:25:55 GMT", "version": "v1" }, { "created": "Fri, 20 Feb 2015 01:37:13 GMT", "version": "v2" } ]
2015-07-30
[ [ "Sandoval-Villalbazo", "A.", "" ], [ "Sagaceta-Mejia", "A. R.", "" ], [ "Garcia-Perciante", "A. L.", "" ] ]
Recent work has shown the existence of a relativistic effect present in a single component non-equilibrium fluid, corresponding to a heat flux due to an electric field. The treatment in that work was limited to a four-dimensional Minkowksi space-time in which the Boltzmann equation was treated in a special relativistic approach. The more complete framework of general relativity can be introduced to kinetic theory in order to describe transport processes associated to electromagnetic fields. In this context the original Kaluza's formalism is a promising approach. The present work contains a kinetic theory basis for Kaluza's magnetohydrodynamics and gives a novel description for the establishment of thermodynamic forces beyond the special relativistic description.
2009.01623
Jose Edgar Madriz Aguilar Dr.
Jos\'e Edgar Madriz Aguilar, A. Bernal, M. Montes, J. Zamarripa and E. Aceves
Non-perturbative gauge invariant scalar fluctuations of the metric in Higgs inflation from complex geometrical scalar-tensor theory of gravity
8 pages, no figures. Revised version. arXiv admin note: text overlap with arXiv:1908.06220
null
null
null
gr-qc hep-th
http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/
In this letter we investigate gauge invariant scalar fluctuations of the metric in a non-perturbative formalism for a Higgs inflationary model recently introduced in the framework of a geometrical scalar-tensor theory of gravity. In this scenario the Higgs inflaton field has its origin in the Weyl scalar field of the background geometry. We found a nearly scale invariance of the power spectrum for linear scalar fluctuations of the metric. For certain parameters of the model we obtain values for the scalar spectral index $n_s$ and the scalar to tensor ratio $r$ that fit well with the Planck 2018 results. Besides we show that in this model the trans-planckian problem can be avoided.
[ { "created": "Tue, 1 Sep 2020 23:25:02 GMT", "version": "v1" }, { "created": "Mon, 30 Aug 2021 17:06:46 GMT", "version": "v2" } ]
2021-08-31
[ [ "Aguilar", "José Edgar Madriz", "" ], [ "Bernal", "A.", "" ], [ "Montes", "M.", "" ], [ "Zamarripa", "J.", "" ], [ "Aceves", "E.", "" ] ]
In this letter we investigate gauge invariant scalar fluctuations of the metric in a non-perturbative formalism for a Higgs inflationary model recently introduced in the framework of a geometrical scalar-tensor theory of gravity. In this scenario the Higgs inflaton field has its origin in the Weyl scalar field of the background geometry. We found a nearly scale invariance of the power spectrum for linear scalar fluctuations of the metric. For certain parameters of the model we obtain values for the scalar spectral index $n_s$ and the scalar to tensor ratio $r$ that fit well with the Planck 2018 results. Besides we show that in this model the trans-planckian problem can be avoided.
gr-qc/9507024
Don N. Page
Don N. Page (University of Alberta, Edmonton, Canada)
Sensible Quantum Mechanics: Are Probabilities only in the Mind?
LaTeX, 14 pages, shortened version of quant-ph/9506010
Int.J.Mod.Phys. D5 (1996) 583-596
10.1142/S0218271896000370
Alberta-Thy-13-95
gr-qc quant-ph
null
Quantum mechanics may be formulated as {\it Sensible Quantum Mechanics} (SQM) so that it contains nothing probabilistic except conscious perceptions. Sets of these perceptions can be deterministically realized with measures given by expectation values of positive-operator-valued {\it awareness operators}. Ratios of the measures for these sets of perceptions can be interpreted as frequency-type probabilities for many actually existing sets. These probabilities generally cannot be given by the ordinary quantum ``probabilities'' for a single set of alternatives. {\it Probabilism}, or ascribing probabilities to unconscious aspects of the world, may be seen to be an {\it aesthemamorphic myth}.
[ { "created": "Tue, 11 Jul 1995 23:12:35 GMT", "version": "v1" } ]
2015-06-25
[ [ "Page", "Don N.", "", "University of Alberta, Edmonton, Canada" ] ]
Quantum mechanics may be formulated as {\it Sensible Quantum Mechanics} (SQM) so that it contains nothing probabilistic except conscious perceptions. Sets of these perceptions can be deterministically realized with measures given by expectation values of positive-operator-valued {\it awareness operators}. Ratios of the measures for these sets of perceptions can be interpreted as frequency-type probabilities for many actually existing sets. These probabilities generally cannot be given by the ordinary quantum ``probabilities'' for a single set of alternatives. {\it Probabilism}, or ascribing probabilities to unconscious aspects of the world, may be seen to be an {\it aesthemamorphic myth}.
1403.4625
Sergey Pavluchenko A.
Dmitry Chirkov, Sergey A. Pavluchenko, Alexey Toporensky
Constant volume exponential solutions in Einstein-Gauss-Bonnet flat anisotropic cosmology with a perfect fluid
12 pages, 1 figure; matches version accepted to Gen. Rel. Grav
General Relativity and Gravitation 46, 1799 (2014)
10.1007/s10714-014-1799-7
null
gr-qc astro-ph.CO hep-th
http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/
In this paper we investigate the constant volume exponential solutions (i.e. the solutions with the scale factors change exponentially over time so that the comoving volume remains the same) in the Einstein-Gauss-Bonnet gravity. We find conditions for these solutions to exist and show that they are compatible with any perfect fluid with the equation of state parameter $\omega<1/3$ if the matter density of the Universe exceeds some critical value. We write down some exact solutions which generalize ones found in our previous paper for models with a cosmological constant.
[ { "created": "Tue, 18 Mar 2014 21:22:33 GMT", "version": "v1" }, { "created": "Wed, 27 Aug 2014 18:31:41 GMT", "version": "v2" } ]
2014-12-17
[ [ "Chirkov", "Dmitry", "" ], [ "Pavluchenko", "Sergey A.", "" ], [ "Toporensky", "Alexey", "" ] ]
In this paper we investigate the constant volume exponential solutions (i.e. the solutions with the scale factors change exponentially over time so that the comoving volume remains the same) in the Einstein-Gauss-Bonnet gravity. We find conditions for these solutions to exist and show that they are compatible with any perfect fluid with the equation of state parameter $\omega<1/3$ if the matter density of the Universe exceeds some critical value. We write down some exact solutions which generalize ones found in our previous paper for models with a cosmological constant.
2201.03428
Roberto Cotesta
Roberto Cotesta
Multipolar gravitational waveforms for spinning binary black holes and their impact on source characterization
PhD thesis
null
null
null
gr-qc
http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/
In the last five years, gravitational-wave astronomy has gone from a purely theoretical field into a thriving experimental science. Many gravitational-wave signals, emitted by stellar-mass binary black holes and binary neutron stars, have been detected, and many more are expected in the future. The observation of the gravitational-wave signals from these systems, and the characterization of their sources, heavily relies on the precise models for the emitted gravitational waveforms. In this thesis, I present an updated version of the waveform models for spinning binary black holes within the effective-one-body formalism. The novelty of the waveform models presented in this work is the inclusion of beyond-quadupolar terms in the waveforms emitted by spinning binary black holes. I first construct the model in the simplified case of black holes with spins aligned with the orbital angular momentum of the binary, then I extend it to the case of generic spin orientations. The measurement of the source properties of a binary system emitting gravitational waves requires to compute $\mathcal{O}(10^7-10^9)$ different waveforms. Since the waveform models mentioned before can require $\mathcal{O}(1-10)$s to generate a single waveform, they can be difficult to use in data-analysis studies. To overcome this obstacle, I use the reduced-order-modeling technique to develop a faster version of the waveform model for black holes with spins aligned to the orbital angular momentum of the binary. The waveform models developed in this thesis have been used by the LIGO and Virgo collaborations for the inference of the source parameters of the gravitational-wave signals detected during the second and third observing runs (O2 and O3) of the LIGO and Virgo detectors. Here, I present a study on the source properties of the signals GW170729 and GW190412, for which I have been directly involved in the analysis.
[ { "created": "Mon, 10 Jan 2022 16:20:51 GMT", "version": "v1" } ]
2022-01-11
[ [ "Cotesta", "Roberto", "" ] ]
In the last five years, gravitational-wave astronomy has gone from a purely theoretical field into a thriving experimental science. Many gravitational-wave signals, emitted by stellar-mass binary black holes and binary neutron stars, have been detected, and many more are expected in the future. The observation of the gravitational-wave signals from these systems, and the characterization of their sources, heavily relies on the precise models for the emitted gravitational waveforms. In this thesis, I present an updated version of the waveform models for spinning binary black holes within the effective-one-body formalism. The novelty of the waveform models presented in this work is the inclusion of beyond-quadupolar terms in the waveforms emitted by spinning binary black holes. I first construct the model in the simplified case of black holes with spins aligned with the orbital angular momentum of the binary, then I extend it to the case of generic spin orientations. The measurement of the source properties of a binary system emitting gravitational waves requires to compute $\mathcal{O}(10^7-10^9)$ different waveforms. Since the waveform models mentioned before can require $\mathcal{O}(1-10)$s to generate a single waveform, they can be difficult to use in data-analysis studies. To overcome this obstacle, I use the reduced-order-modeling technique to develop a faster version of the waveform model for black holes with spins aligned to the orbital angular momentum of the binary. The waveform models developed in this thesis have been used by the LIGO and Virgo collaborations for the inference of the source parameters of the gravitational-wave signals detected during the second and third observing runs (O2 and O3) of the LIGO and Virgo detectors. Here, I present a study on the source properties of the signals GW170729 and GW190412, for which I have been directly involved in the analysis.
gr-qc/0112044
Roberto A. Sussman
Luis G. Cabral-Rosetti, Tonatiuh Matos, Dario Nu\~nez and Roberto A. Sussman
Hydrodynamics of galactic dark matter
LaTeX article style, 16 pages including three figures. Final version to appear in Classical and Quantum Gravity
Class.Quant.Grav. 19 (2002) 3603-3616
10.1088/0264-9381/19/14/303
null
gr-qc astro-ph hep-ph
null
We consider simple hydrodynamical models of galactic dark matter in which the galactic halo is a self-gravitating and self-interacting gas that dominates the dynamics of the galaxy. Modeling this halo as a sphericaly symmetric and static perfect fluid satisfying the field equations of General Relativity, visible barionic matter can be treated as ``test particles'' in the geometry of this field. We show that the assumption of an empirical ``universal rotation curve'' that fits a wide variety of galaxies is compatible, under suitable approximations, with state variables characteristic of a non-relativistic Maxwell-Boltzmann gas that becomes an isothermal sphere in the Newtonian limit. Consistency criteria lead to a minimal bound for particle masses in the range $30 \hbox{eV} \leq m \leq 60 \hbox{eV}$ and to a constraint between the central temperature and the particles mass. The allowed mass range includes popular supersymmetric particle candidates, such as the neutralino, axino and gravitino, as well as lighter particles ($m\approx$ keV) proposed by numerical N-body simulations associated with self-interactive CDM and WDM structure formation theories.
[ { "created": "Wed, 19 Dec 2001 00:36:31 GMT", "version": "v1" }, { "created": "Tue, 4 Jun 2002 18:38:24 GMT", "version": "v2" } ]
2009-11-07
[ [ "Cabral-Rosetti", "Luis G.", "" ], [ "Matos", "Tonatiuh", "" ], [ "Nuñez", "Dario", "" ], [ "Sussman", "Roberto A.", "" ] ]
We consider simple hydrodynamical models of galactic dark matter in which the galactic halo is a self-gravitating and self-interacting gas that dominates the dynamics of the galaxy. Modeling this halo as a sphericaly symmetric and static perfect fluid satisfying the field equations of General Relativity, visible barionic matter can be treated as ``test particles'' in the geometry of this field. We show that the assumption of an empirical ``universal rotation curve'' that fits a wide variety of galaxies is compatible, under suitable approximations, with state variables characteristic of a non-relativistic Maxwell-Boltzmann gas that becomes an isothermal sphere in the Newtonian limit. Consistency criteria lead to a minimal bound for particle masses in the range $30 \hbox{eV} \leq m \leq 60 \hbox{eV}$ and to a constraint between the central temperature and the particles mass. The allowed mass range includes popular supersymmetric particle candidates, such as the neutralino, axino and gravitino, as well as lighter particles ($m\approx$ keV) proposed by numerical N-body simulations associated with self-interactive CDM and WDM structure formation theories.
2308.15052
Naomichi Asakawa
Naomichi Asakawa and Yuichiro Sekiguchi
Constraining self-interactions of a massive scalar field using scalar gravitational waves from stellar core collapse
16 pages, 16 figures, 1 table
Phys. Rev. D 108, 044060 (2023)
10.1103/PhysRevD.108.044060
null
gr-qc astro-ph.HE
http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/
We perform a comprehensive numerical study of gravitational waves from stellar core collapse in the massive scalar-tensor theory with the cubic and quartic self-interactions of the scalar field. We investigate the dependence of gravitational waves on the self-interaction as well as the mass of the scalar field and the conformal factor. We find that gravitational-wave spectra show a systematic difference between the cubic and quartic self-interactions. We also find that this systematic difference is insensitive to the mass of the scalar field and the conformal factor. Our results indicate that the type of the self-interaction could be constrained by observations of gravitational waves using the future-planned detectors.
[ { "created": "Tue, 29 Aug 2023 06:27:20 GMT", "version": "v1" } ]
2023-08-30
[ [ "Asakawa", "Naomichi", "" ], [ "Sekiguchi", "Yuichiro", "" ] ]
We perform a comprehensive numerical study of gravitational waves from stellar core collapse in the massive scalar-tensor theory with the cubic and quartic self-interactions of the scalar field. We investigate the dependence of gravitational waves on the self-interaction as well as the mass of the scalar field and the conformal factor. We find that gravitational-wave spectra show a systematic difference between the cubic and quartic self-interactions. We also find that this systematic difference is insensitive to the mass of the scalar field and the conformal factor. Our results indicate that the type of the self-interaction could be constrained by observations of gravitational waves using the future-planned detectors.
1904.11760
Bibhas Majhi Ranjan
Surojit Dalui, Bibhas Ranjan Majhi, Pankaj Mishra
Induction of chaotic fluctuations in particle dynamics in a uniformly accelerated frame
Comments added, to appear in Int. J. Mod. Phys. A
Int. J. Mod. Phys. A35 (2020) 2050081
10.1142/S0217751X20500815
null
gr-qc astro-ph.GA hep-th nlin.CD
http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/
The ongoing conjecture that the presence of horizon may induce chaos in an integrable system, is further investigated from the perspective of a uniformly accelerated frame. Particularly, we build up a model which consists of a particle (massless and chargeless) trapped in harmonic oscillator in a uniformly accelerated frame (namely Rindler observer). Here the Rindler frame provides a Killing horizon without any intrinsic curvature to the system. This makes the present observations different from previous studies. We observe that for some particular values of parameters of the system (like acceleration, energy of the particle), the motion of the particle trapped in harmonic potential systematically goes from periodic state to the chaotic. This indicates that the existence of horizon alone, not the intrinsic curvature (i.e. the gravitational effect) in the background, is sufficient to induce the chaotic motion in the particle. We believe the present study further enlighten and balustrade the conjecture.
[ { "created": "Fri, 26 Apr 2019 11:03:07 GMT", "version": "v1" }, { "created": "Thu, 14 May 2020 11:30:32 GMT", "version": "v2" } ]
2020-06-17
[ [ "Dalui", "Surojit", "" ], [ "Majhi", "Bibhas Ranjan", "" ], [ "Mishra", "Pankaj", "" ] ]
The ongoing conjecture that the presence of horizon may induce chaos in an integrable system, is further investigated from the perspective of a uniformly accelerated frame. Particularly, we build up a model which consists of a particle (massless and chargeless) trapped in harmonic oscillator in a uniformly accelerated frame (namely Rindler observer). Here the Rindler frame provides a Killing horizon without any intrinsic curvature to the system. This makes the present observations different from previous studies. We observe that for some particular values of parameters of the system (like acceleration, energy of the particle), the motion of the particle trapped in harmonic potential systematically goes from periodic state to the chaotic. This indicates that the existence of horizon alone, not the intrinsic curvature (i.e. the gravitational effect) in the background, is sufficient to induce the chaotic motion in the particle. We believe the present study further enlighten and balustrade the conjecture.
2007.11239
Donato Bini
Donato Bini, Thibault Damour, Andrea Geralico
Sixth post-Newtonian nonlocal-in-time dynamics of binary systems
59 pages, no figures, one ancillary text file
Phys. Rev. D 102, 084047 (2020)
10.1103/PhysRevD.102.084047
null
gr-qc hep-th
http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/
We complete our previous derivation, at the sixth post-Newtonian (6PN) accuracy, of the local-in-time dynamics of a gravitationally interacting two-body system by giving two gauge-invariant characterizations of its complementary nonlocal-in-time dynamics. On the one hand, we compute the nonlocal part of the scattering angle for hyberboliclike motions; and, on the other hand, we compute the nonlocal part of the averaged (Delaunay) Hamiltonian for ellipticlike motions. The former is computed as a large-angular-momentum expansion (given here to next-to-next-to-leading order), while the latter is given as a small-eccentricity expansion (given here to the tenth order). We note the appearance of $\zeta(3)$ in the nonlocal part of the scattering angle. The averaged Hamiltonian for ellipticlike motions then yields two more gauge-invariant observables: the energy and the periastron precession as functions of orbital frequencies. We point out the existence of a hidden simplicity in the mass-ratio dependence of the gravitational-wave energy loss of a two-body system.
[ { "created": "Wed, 22 Jul 2020 07:44:42 GMT", "version": "v1" } ]
2020-10-28
[ [ "Bini", "Donato", "" ], [ "Damour", "Thibault", "" ], [ "Geralico", "Andrea", "" ] ]
We complete our previous derivation, at the sixth post-Newtonian (6PN) accuracy, of the local-in-time dynamics of a gravitationally interacting two-body system by giving two gauge-invariant characterizations of its complementary nonlocal-in-time dynamics. On the one hand, we compute the nonlocal part of the scattering angle for hyberboliclike motions; and, on the other hand, we compute the nonlocal part of the averaged (Delaunay) Hamiltonian for ellipticlike motions. The former is computed as a large-angular-momentum expansion (given here to next-to-next-to-leading order), while the latter is given as a small-eccentricity expansion (given here to the tenth order). We note the appearance of $\zeta(3)$ in the nonlocal part of the scattering angle. The averaged Hamiltonian for ellipticlike motions then yields two more gauge-invariant observables: the energy and the periastron precession as functions of orbital frequencies. We point out the existence of a hidden simplicity in the mass-ratio dependence of the gravitational-wave energy loss of a two-body system.
1301.7609
Ivan Arraut
Ivan Arraut
Relative locality and relative Co-locality as extensions of the Generalized Uncertainty Principle
Abstract modified and some small changes done for making the manuscript more understandable. 15 pages
null
null
null
gr-qc
http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/
I introduce the spatial curvature effects inside the formalism of Relative Locality as a non-commutative structure of the momentum space in agreement with the very well known concepts of Quantum Groups. This gives a natural red-shift effect in agreement with an extended version of the Generalized Uncertainty Principle (GUP) and in agreement with the standard notions of curvature inside General Relativity. I then introduce the concept of Relative Co-locality as a reinterpretation of the usual notions of spacetime curvature. From this redefinition, I obtain the momentum space curvature effects as a non-commutativity in position space. This introduce a natural blue-shift effect in agreement with the extended version of GUP. Both effects, Relative locality and Co-locality are dual each other inside the formalism of quantum groups $SU_q(n)$ symmetric Heisenberg algebras and their q-Bargmann Fock representations. When Relative locality and Co-locality are introduced, the q-deformation parameter takes the form $q\approx 1+\sqrt{\frac{\vert p\vert \vert x\vert}{r_\Lambda m_{pl}}}$ with the spatial curvature effects in Relative Locality appearing like $\Delta X\approx \frac{\vert x\vert}{m_{pl}}\Delta P$ and the momentum curvature effects in Relative Co-locality appearing like $\Delta P\approx \frac{\vert p\vert}{r_\Lambda}\Delta X$, where $r_\Lambda=\frac{1}{\sqrt{\Lambda}}$ is the scale defined by the Cosmological Constant $\Lambda$, $m_{pl}$ is the Planck mass and $\Delta X/\Delta P$ is a scale of position/momentum or time/energy associated with the event, p and x are the momentum and position of the observer relative to the event.
[ { "created": "Thu, 31 Jan 2013 13:24:32 GMT", "version": "v1" }, { "created": "Tue, 26 Feb 2013 10:14:05 GMT", "version": "v2" }, { "created": "Mon, 15 Jul 2013 10:26:05 GMT", "version": "v3" }, { "created": "Mon, 18 Nov 2013 13:31:02 GMT", "version": "v4" } ]
2013-11-19
[ [ "Arraut", "Ivan", "" ] ]
I introduce the spatial curvature effects inside the formalism of Relative Locality as a non-commutative structure of the momentum space in agreement with the very well known concepts of Quantum Groups. This gives a natural red-shift effect in agreement with an extended version of the Generalized Uncertainty Principle (GUP) and in agreement with the standard notions of curvature inside General Relativity. I then introduce the concept of Relative Co-locality as a reinterpretation of the usual notions of spacetime curvature. From this redefinition, I obtain the momentum space curvature effects as a non-commutativity in position space. This introduce a natural blue-shift effect in agreement with the extended version of GUP. Both effects, Relative locality and Co-locality are dual each other inside the formalism of quantum groups $SU_q(n)$ symmetric Heisenberg algebras and their q-Bargmann Fock representations. When Relative locality and Co-locality are introduced, the q-deformation parameter takes the form $q\approx 1+\sqrt{\frac{\vert p\vert \vert x\vert}{r_\Lambda m_{pl}}}$ with the spatial curvature effects in Relative Locality appearing like $\Delta X\approx \frac{\vert x\vert}{m_{pl}}\Delta P$ and the momentum curvature effects in Relative Co-locality appearing like $\Delta P\approx \frac{\vert p\vert}{r_\Lambda}\Delta X$, where $r_\Lambda=\frac{1}{\sqrt{\Lambda}}$ is the scale defined by the Cosmological Constant $\Lambda$, $m_{pl}$ is the Planck mass and $\Delta X/\Delta P$ is a scale of position/momentum or time/energy associated with the event, p and x are the momentum and position of the observer relative to the event.
gr-qc/9812008
David Polarski
David Polarski
Primordial Fluctuations from Inflation: a Consistent Histories Approach
LaTeX (7 pages), to appear in Phys. Lett. B
Phys.Lett.B446:53-57,1999
10.1016/S0370-2693(98)01533-0
LMPT 10/98
gr-qc astro-ph hep-th quant-ph
null
We show how the quantum-to-classical transition of the cosmological fluctuations produced during an inflationary stage can be described using the consistent histories approach. We identify the corresponding histories in the limit of infinite squeezing. To take the decaying mode into account, we propose an extension to coarse-grained histories.
[ { "created": "Wed, 2 Dec 1998 15:25:49 GMT", "version": "v1" } ]
2009-05-20
[ [ "Polarski", "David", "" ] ]
We show how the quantum-to-classical transition of the cosmological fluctuations produced during an inflationary stage can be described using the consistent histories approach. We identify the corresponding histories in the limit of infinite squeezing. To take the decaying mode into account, we propose an extension to coarse-grained histories.
1606.08058
Bernhard Brehm
Bernhard Brehm
Bianchi VIII and IX vacuum cosmologies: Almost every solution forms particle horizons and converges to the Mixmaster attractor
null
null
null
null
gr-qc
http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/
Bianchi models are posited by the BKL picture to be essential building blocks towards an understanding of generic cosmological singularities. We study the behaviour of spatially homogeneous anisotropic vacuum spacetimes of Bianchi type VIII and IX, as they approach the big bang singularity. It is known since 2001 that generic Bianchi IX spacetimes converge towards the so-called Mixmaster attractor as time goes towards the singularity. We extend this result to the case of Bianchi VIII vacuum. The BKL picture suggests that particle horizons should form, i.e. spatially separate regions should causally decouple. We prove that this decoupling indeed occurs, for Lebesgue almost every Bianchi VIII and IX vacuum spacetime.
[ { "created": "Sun, 26 Jun 2016 17:31:33 GMT", "version": "v1" } ]
2016-06-28
[ [ "Brehm", "Bernhard", "" ] ]
Bianchi models are posited by the BKL picture to be essential building blocks towards an understanding of generic cosmological singularities. We study the behaviour of spatially homogeneous anisotropic vacuum spacetimes of Bianchi type VIII and IX, as they approach the big bang singularity. It is known since 2001 that generic Bianchi IX spacetimes converge towards the so-called Mixmaster attractor as time goes towards the singularity. We extend this result to the case of Bianchi VIII vacuum. The BKL picture suggests that particle horizons should form, i.e. spatially separate regions should causally decouple. We prove that this decoupling indeed occurs, for Lebesgue almost every Bianchi VIII and IX vacuum spacetime.
1308.0197
Anil Yadav dr
Ahmad T Ali, Anil Kumar Yadav and S R Mahmoud
Some Plane Symmetric Inhomogeneous Cosmological Models in the Scalar-Tensor Theory of Gravitation
12 pages, 1 figures
Astrophys. Space Sci. 349: 539-547 (2014)
10.1007/s10509-013-1624-x
null
gr-qc
http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/
The present study deals with the inhomogeneous plane symmetric models in scalar - tensor theory of gravitation. We used symmetry group analysis method to solve the field equations analytically. A new class of similarity solutions have been obtained by considering the inhomogeneous nature of metric potential. The physical behavior and geometrical aspects of the derived models are also discussed.
[ { "created": "Wed, 31 Jul 2013 16:16:45 GMT", "version": "v1" } ]
2013-12-12
[ [ "Ali", "Ahmad T", "" ], [ "Yadav", "Anil Kumar", "" ], [ "Mahmoud", "S R", "" ] ]
The present study deals with the inhomogeneous plane symmetric models in scalar - tensor theory of gravitation. We used symmetry group analysis method to solve the field equations analytically. A new class of similarity solutions have been obtained by considering the inhomogeneous nature of metric potential. The physical behavior and geometrical aspects of the derived models are also discussed.
gr-qc/0102084
S. Antoci
S. Antoci and D.-E. Liebscher
Reconsidering Schwarzschild's original solution
9 pages, added references and a remark on the norm of the timelike Killing vector. Accepted for publication by Astronomische Nachrichten
Astron.Nachr. 322 (2001) 137-142
10.1002/1521-3994(200107)322:3<137::AID-ASNA137>3.0.CO;2-1
null
gr-qc astro-ph
null
We analyse the Schwarzschild solution in the context of the historical development of its present use, and explain the invariant definition of a singular surface at the Schwarzschild's radius, that can be applied to the Kerr-Newman solution too.
[ { "created": "Mon, 19 Feb 2001 15:28:55 GMT", "version": "v1" }, { "created": "Tue, 3 Jul 2001 09:49:47 GMT", "version": "v2" } ]
2009-11-07
[ [ "Antoci", "S.", "" ], [ "Liebscher", "D. -E.", "" ] ]
We analyse the Schwarzschild solution in the context of the historical development of its present use, and explain the invariant definition of a singular surface at the Schwarzschild's radius, that can be applied to the Kerr-Newman solution too.
2403.05421
Claudio Aravena Cap
Claudio Aravena-Plaza, V\'ictor Mu\~noz and Felipe A. Asenjo
Accelerating Airy tensor modes of cosmological gravitational waves
5 pages, 2 figures. arXiv admin note: text overlap with arXiv:2304.14222
null
null
null
gr-qc
http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/
From a classical analysis, it is shown that the nondiffractive accelerating gravitational Airy wave packets are solutions of Einstein equations for their linearized tensor modes in a Friedmann-Lema\^itre-Robertson-Walker cosmological background filled with a perfect fluid, with equations of state $w=1/3$ and $w=-1/3$. These solutions have finite energy, presenting accelerating behavior due to the structured spatial form of the wavepacket. This is manifested by curved trajectories along the wave path. Also, using spectral functions, it is possible, with these packets, to construct more general, arbitrary wave packets. All these new solutions bring insights on new forms for gravitational wave propagation.
[ { "created": "Fri, 8 Mar 2024 16:19:33 GMT", "version": "v1" } ]
2024-03-11
[ [ "Aravena-Plaza", "Claudio", "" ], [ "Muñoz", "Víctor", "" ], [ "Asenjo", "Felipe A.", "" ] ]
From a classical analysis, it is shown that the nondiffractive accelerating gravitational Airy wave packets are solutions of Einstein equations for their linearized tensor modes in a Friedmann-Lema\^itre-Robertson-Walker cosmological background filled with a perfect fluid, with equations of state $w=1/3$ and $w=-1/3$. These solutions have finite energy, presenting accelerating behavior due to the structured spatial form of the wavepacket. This is manifested by curved trajectories along the wave path. Also, using spectral functions, it is possible, with these packets, to construct more general, arbitrary wave packets. All these new solutions bring insights on new forms for gravitational wave propagation.
1509.00492
Zoltan Keresztes
Zolt\'an Keresztes, L\'aszl\'o \'A. Gergely, Tiberiu Harko, and Shi-Dong Liang
Cosmological constraints on superconducting dark energy models
12 pages, 10 figures
Phys. Rev. D 92, 123503 (2015)
10.1103/PhysRevD.92.123503
null
gr-qc
http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/
We consider cosmological tests of a scalar-vector-tensor gravitational model, in which the dark energy is included in the total action through a gauge invariant, electromagnetic type contribution. The ground state of dark energy, corresponding to a constant potential $V$ is a Bose-Einstein type condensate with spontaneously broken U(1) symmetry. In another words dark energy appears as a massive vector field emerging from a superposition of a massless vector and a scalar field, the latter corresponding to the Goldstone boson. Two particular cosmological models, corresponding to pure electric and pure magnetic type potentials, respectively are confronted with Type IA Supernovae and Hubble parameter data. In the electric case good fit is obtained along a narrow inclined stripe in the $\Omega _{m}-\Omega _{V}\,$ parameter plane, which includes the $\Lambda $CDM limit as the best fit. The other points on this admissible region represent superconducting dark energy as a sum of a cosmological constant and a time-evolving contribution. In the magnetic case the cosmological test selects either i) parameter ranges of the superconducting dark energy allowing for the standard baryonic plus dark matter or ii) a unified superconducting dark matter and dark energy model, additionally including only the baryonic sector.
[ { "created": "Tue, 1 Sep 2015 20:22:48 GMT", "version": "v1" }, { "created": "Sat, 5 Dec 2015 23:48:20 GMT", "version": "v2" } ]
2015-12-08
[ [ "Keresztes", "Zoltán", "" ], [ "Gergely", "László Á.", "" ], [ "Harko", "Tiberiu", "" ], [ "Liang", "Shi-Dong", "" ] ]
We consider cosmological tests of a scalar-vector-tensor gravitational model, in which the dark energy is included in the total action through a gauge invariant, electromagnetic type contribution. The ground state of dark energy, corresponding to a constant potential $V$ is a Bose-Einstein type condensate with spontaneously broken U(1) symmetry. In another words dark energy appears as a massive vector field emerging from a superposition of a massless vector and a scalar field, the latter corresponding to the Goldstone boson. Two particular cosmological models, corresponding to pure electric and pure magnetic type potentials, respectively are confronted with Type IA Supernovae and Hubble parameter data. In the electric case good fit is obtained along a narrow inclined stripe in the $\Omega _{m}-\Omega _{V}\,$ parameter plane, which includes the $\Lambda $CDM limit as the best fit. The other points on this admissible region represent superconducting dark energy as a sum of a cosmological constant and a time-evolving contribution. In the magnetic case the cosmological test selects either i) parameter ranges of the superconducting dark energy allowing for the standard baryonic plus dark matter or ii) a unified superconducting dark matter and dark energy model, additionally including only the baryonic sector.
0906.2170
Llu\'is Bel
Ll. Bel, J. Martin-Martin
About the mass problem
Latex, 12 pages
null
null
null
gr-qc
http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/
The concept of {\it active gravitational mass}, its definition and its relation with the sources of a gravitational field, was clearly established by Tolman in 1934. On the contrary, and surprisingly in our opinion, the concept of {\it proper mass} has remained obscure in General relativity. We compare a new definition to an apparent more obvious one and discuss how each choice modifies the ratio of active to proper gravitational mass.
[ { "created": "Thu, 11 Jun 2009 17:53:06 GMT", "version": "v1" } ]
2009-06-12
[ [ "Bel", "Ll.", "" ], [ "Martin-Martin", "J.", "" ] ]
The concept of {\it active gravitational mass}, its definition and its relation with the sources of a gravitational field, was clearly established by Tolman in 1934. On the contrary, and surprisingly in our opinion, the concept of {\it proper mass} has remained obscure in General relativity. We compare a new definition to an apparent more obvious one and discuss how each choice modifies the ratio of active to proper gravitational mass.
1103.3767
Llu\'is Bel
Ll. Bel
Space and Time models
11 pages, minor changes, an error in an intermediate step of the derivation of (40) has been corrected
null
null
null
gr-qc
http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/
We derive line-element's templates of space-time models with Space models complying with Helmholtz's Free mobility postulate, and discuss some of the Time models compatible with them.
[ { "created": "Sat, 19 Mar 2011 09:31:58 GMT", "version": "v1" }, { "created": "Sat, 9 Apr 2011 09:30:56 GMT", "version": "v2" } ]
2011-04-12
[ [ "Bel", "Ll.", "" ] ]
We derive line-element's templates of space-time models with Space models complying with Helmholtz's Free mobility postulate, and discuss some of the Time models compatible with them.
1302.2687
Prado Martin-Moruno
Prado Martin-Moruno (Victoria University of Wellington), Valentina Baccetti (Victoria University of Wellington), and Matt Visser (Victoria University of Wellington)
Massive gravity as a limit of bimetric gravity
3 pages; contribution to the proceedings of the Thirteenth Marcel Grossmann Meeting, Stockholm University, Sweden, 1-7 July, 2012
null
null
null
gr-qc astro-ph.CO hep-th
http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/
Massive gravity may be viewed as a suitable limit of bimetric gravity. The limiting procedure can lead to an interesting interplay between the "background" and "foreground" metrics in a cosmological context. The fact that in bimetric theories one always has two sets of metric equations of motion continues to have an effect even in the massive gravity limit. Thus, solutions of bimetric gravity in the limit of vanishing kinetic term are also solutions of massive gravity, but the contrary statement is not necessarily true.
[ { "created": "Tue, 12 Feb 2013 02:48:21 GMT", "version": "v1" } ]
2013-02-13
[ [ "Martin-Moruno", "Prado", "", "Victoria University of Wellington" ], [ "Baccetti", "Valentina", "", "Victoria University of Wellington" ], [ "Visser", "Matt", "", "Victoria\n University of Wellington" ] ]
Massive gravity may be viewed as a suitable limit of bimetric gravity. The limiting procedure can lead to an interesting interplay between the "background" and "foreground" metrics in a cosmological context. The fact that in bimetric theories one always has two sets of metric equations of motion continues to have an effect even in the massive gravity limit. Thus, solutions of bimetric gravity in the limit of vanishing kinetic term are also solutions of massive gravity, but the contrary statement is not necessarily true.
1604.01663
Aur\'elien Hees
C. Le Poncin-Lafitte and A. Hees and S. lambert
Lorentz symmetry and Very Long Baseline Interferometry
5 pages, 3 figures, version accepted for publication
Phys. Rev. D 94, 125030 (2016)
10.1103/PhysRevD.94.125030
null
gr-qc astro-ph.EP hep-ph
http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/
Lorentz symmetry violations can be described by an effective field theory framework that contains both General Relativity and the Standard Model of particle physics called the Standard-Model extension (SME). Recently, post-fit analysis of Gravity Probe B and binary pulsars lead to an upper limit at the $10^{-4}$ level on the time-time coefficient $\bar s^{TT}$ of the pure-gravity sector of the minimal SME. In this work, we derive the observable of Very Long Baseline Interferometry (VLBI) in SME and then we implement it into a real data analysis code of geodetic VLBI observations. Analyzing all available observations recorded since 1979, we compare estimates of $\bar s^{TT}$ and errors obtained with various analysis schemes, including global estimations over several time spans and with various Sun elongation cut-off angles, and with analysis of radio source coordinate time series. We obtain a constraint on $\bar s^{TT}=(-5\pm 8)\times 10^{-5}$, directly fitted to the observations and improving by a factor 5 previous post-fit analysis estimates.
[ { "created": "Wed, 6 Apr 2016 15:39:54 GMT", "version": "v1" }, { "created": "Thu, 1 Dec 2016 15:42:36 GMT", "version": "v2" } ]
2017-01-04
[ [ "Poncin-Lafitte", "C. Le", "" ], [ "Hees", "A.", "" ], [ "lambert", "S.", "" ] ]
Lorentz symmetry violations can be described by an effective field theory framework that contains both General Relativity and the Standard Model of particle physics called the Standard-Model extension (SME). Recently, post-fit analysis of Gravity Probe B and binary pulsars lead to an upper limit at the $10^{-4}$ level on the time-time coefficient $\bar s^{TT}$ of the pure-gravity sector of the minimal SME. In this work, we derive the observable of Very Long Baseline Interferometry (VLBI) in SME and then we implement it into a real data analysis code of geodetic VLBI observations. Analyzing all available observations recorded since 1979, we compare estimates of $\bar s^{TT}$ and errors obtained with various analysis schemes, including global estimations over several time spans and with various Sun elongation cut-off angles, and with analysis of radio source coordinate time series. We obtain a constraint on $\bar s^{TT}=(-5\pm 8)\times 10^{-5}$, directly fitted to the observations and improving by a factor 5 previous post-fit analysis estimates.
gr-qc/0304046
Ruth Lazkoz
J.M. Aguirregabiria and Ruth Lazkoz
Anisotropic brane cosmologies with exponential potentials
11 pages, 1 figure
Int.J.Mod.Phys. D13 (2004) 539-554
10.1142/S0218271804003846
null
gr-qc
null
We study Bianchi I type brane cosmologies with scalar matter self-interacting through combinations of exponential potentials. Such models correspond in some cases to inflationary universes. We discuss the conditions for accelerated expansion to occur, and pay particular attention to the influence of extra dimensions and anisotropy. Our results show that the associated effects evolve in such a way that they become negligible in the late time limit, those related to the anisotropy disappearing earlier. This study focuses mainly on single field models, but we also consider a generalization yielding models with multiple non-interacting fields and examine its features briefly. We conclude that in the brane scenario, as happens in general relativity, an increase in the number of fields assists inflation.
[ { "created": "Fri, 11 Apr 2003 08:02:40 GMT", "version": "v1" }, { "created": "Thu, 25 Mar 2004 18:13:24 GMT", "version": "v2" } ]
2009-11-10
[ [ "Aguirregabiria", "J. M.", "" ], [ "Lazkoz", "Ruth", "" ] ]
We study Bianchi I type brane cosmologies with scalar matter self-interacting through combinations of exponential potentials. Such models correspond in some cases to inflationary universes. We discuss the conditions for accelerated expansion to occur, and pay particular attention to the influence of extra dimensions and anisotropy. Our results show that the associated effects evolve in such a way that they become negligible in the late time limit, those related to the anisotropy disappearing earlier. This study focuses mainly on single field models, but we also consider a generalization yielding models with multiple non-interacting fields and examine its features briefly. We conclude that in the brane scenario, as happens in general relativity, an increase in the number of fields assists inflation.
gr-qc/0204032
Sanjeev S. Seahra
Sanjeev S. Seahra
The Dynamics of Test Particles and Pointlike Gyroscopes in the Brane World and Other 5D Models
13 pages, 2 figures, in press in Phys. Rev. D
Phys.Rev. D65 (2002) 124004
10.1103/PhysRevD.65.124004
null
gr-qc
null
We study the dynamics of test particles and pointlike gyroscopes in 5D manifolds like those used in the Randall-Sundrum brane world and non-compact Kaluza-Klein models. Our analysis is based on a covariant foliation of the manifold using 3+1 dimensional spacetime slices orthogonal to the extra dimension, and is hence similar to the ADM 3+1 split in ordinary general relativity. We derive gauge invariant equations of motion for freely-falling test particles in the 5D and 4D affine parameterizations and contrast these results with previous work concerning the so-called ``fifth force''. Motivated by the conjectured localization of matter fields on a 3-brane, we derive the form of the classical non-gravitational force required to confine particles to a 4D hypersurface and show that the resulting trajectories are geometrically identical to the spacetime geodesics of Einstein's theory. We then discuss the issue of determining the 5D dynamics of a torque-free spinning body in the point-dipole approximation, and then perform a covariant (3+1)+1 decomposition of the relevant formulae (i.e. the 5D Fermi-Walker transport equation) for the cases of freely-falling and hypersurface-confined point gyroscopes. In both cases, the 4D spin tensor is seen to be subject to an anomalous torque. We solve the spin equations for a gyroscope confined to a single spacetime section in a simple 5D cosmological model and observe a cosmological variation of the magnitude and orientation of the 4D spin.
[ { "created": "Mon, 8 Apr 2002 01:19:25 GMT", "version": "v1" } ]
2009-11-07
[ [ "Seahra", "Sanjeev S.", "" ] ]
We study the dynamics of test particles and pointlike gyroscopes in 5D manifolds like those used in the Randall-Sundrum brane world and non-compact Kaluza-Klein models. Our analysis is based on a covariant foliation of the manifold using 3+1 dimensional spacetime slices orthogonal to the extra dimension, and is hence similar to the ADM 3+1 split in ordinary general relativity. We derive gauge invariant equations of motion for freely-falling test particles in the 5D and 4D affine parameterizations and contrast these results with previous work concerning the so-called ``fifth force''. Motivated by the conjectured localization of matter fields on a 3-brane, we derive the form of the classical non-gravitational force required to confine particles to a 4D hypersurface and show that the resulting trajectories are geometrically identical to the spacetime geodesics of Einstein's theory. We then discuss the issue of determining the 5D dynamics of a torque-free spinning body in the point-dipole approximation, and then perform a covariant (3+1)+1 decomposition of the relevant formulae (i.e. the 5D Fermi-Walker transport equation) for the cases of freely-falling and hypersurface-confined point gyroscopes. In both cases, the 4D spin tensor is seen to be subject to an anomalous torque. We solve the spin equations for a gyroscope confined to a single spacetime section in a simple 5D cosmological model and observe a cosmological variation of the magnitude and orientation of the 4D spin.
gr-qc/9405025
null
Jose P. Mimoso and David Wands
Massless Fileds in Scalar-Tensor Cosmologies
24 pages (5 figures available on request from dwands@star.susx.ac.uk), LaTeX with REVTeX macros, SUSSEX-AST-94/4-1
Phys.Rev.D51:477-489,1995
10.1103/PhysRevD.51.477
null
gr-qc
null
We derive exact Friedmann--Robertson--Walker cosmological solutions in general scalar--tensor gravity theories, including Brans--Dicke gravity, for stiff matter or radiation. These correspond to the long or short wavelength modes respectively of massless scalar fields. If present, the long wavelength modes of such fields would be expected to dominate the energy density of the universe at early times and thus these models provide an insight into the classical behaviour of these scalar--tensor cosmologies near an initial singularity, or bounce. The particularly simple exact solutions also provide a useful example of the possible evolution of the Brans--Dicke (or dilaton) field, $\phi$, and the Brans--Dicke parameter, $\omega(\phi)$, at late times in spatially curved as well as flat universes. We also discuss the corresponding solutions in the conformally related Einstein metric.
[ { "created": "Tue, 10 May 1994 15:53:00 GMT", "version": "v1" } ]
2011-08-11
[ [ "Mimoso", "Jose P.", "" ], [ "Wands", "David", "" ] ]
We derive exact Friedmann--Robertson--Walker cosmological solutions in general scalar--tensor gravity theories, including Brans--Dicke gravity, for stiff matter or radiation. These correspond to the long or short wavelength modes respectively of massless scalar fields. If present, the long wavelength modes of such fields would be expected to dominate the energy density of the universe at early times and thus these models provide an insight into the classical behaviour of these scalar--tensor cosmologies near an initial singularity, or bounce. The particularly simple exact solutions also provide a useful example of the possible evolution of the Brans--Dicke (or dilaton) field, $\phi$, and the Brans--Dicke parameter, $\omega(\phi)$, at late times in spatially curved as well as flat universes. We also discuss the corresponding solutions in the conformally related Einstein metric.
1209.2015
S Habib Mazharimousavi
S. Habib Mazharimousavi and M. Halilsoy
Necessary conditions for having wormholes in f(R) gravity
7 pages, 1 figure
Mod. Phys. Lett. A, 31, 1650203 (2016); Mod. Phys. Lett. A, 31, 1650192 (2016)
10.1142/S0217732316501923
null
gr-qc
http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/
For a generic $f(R)$ which admits a polynomial expansion of at least third order (i.e. $\frac{d^{3}f}{dR^{3}}\neq 0$) we find the near-throat wormhole solution. Necessary conditions for the existence of wormholes in such $f(R)$ theories are derived for both zero and non-zero matter sources. A particular choice of energy-momentum reveals that the wormhole geometry satisfies the weak energy condition (WEC). For a range of parameters even the strong energy condition (SEC) is shown to be satisfied.
[ { "created": "Fri, 7 Sep 2012 14:06:25 GMT", "version": "v1" }, { "created": "Tue, 11 Sep 2012 08:01:51 GMT", "version": "v2" } ]
2016-11-15
[ [ "Mazharimousavi", "S. Habib", "" ], [ "Halilsoy", "M.", "" ] ]
For a generic $f(R)$ which admits a polynomial expansion of at least third order (i.e. $\frac{d^{3}f}{dR^{3}}\neq 0$) we find the near-throat wormhole solution. Necessary conditions for the existence of wormholes in such $f(R)$ theories are derived for both zero and non-zero matter sources. A particular choice of energy-momentum reveals that the wormhole geometry satisfies the weak energy condition (WEC). For a range of parameters even the strong energy condition (SEC) is shown to be satisfied.
1410.5736
Yuri Pavlov
A. A. Grib, Yu. V. Pavlov
Are black holes totally black?
6 pages, 1 figure
Gravitation and Cosmology 21 (2015), 13-18
10.1134/S0202289315010065
null
gr-qc
http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/
Geodesic completeness needs existence near the horizon of the black hole of "white hole" geodesics coming from the region inside of the horizon. Here we give the classification of all such geodesics with the energies $E/m \le 1$ for the Schwarzschild and Kerr's black hole. The collisions of particles moving along the "white hole" geodesics with those moving along "black hole" geodesics are considered. Formulas for the increase of the energy of collision in the centre of mass frame are obtained and the possibility of observation of high energy particles arriving from the black hole to the Earth is discussed.
[ { "created": "Tue, 21 Oct 2014 16:42:16 GMT", "version": "v1" } ]
2015-03-10
[ [ "Grib", "A. A.", "" ], [ "Pavlov", "Yu. V.", "" ] ]
Geodesic completeness needs existence near the horizon of the black hole of "white hole" geodesics coming from the region inside of the horizon. Here we give the classification of all such geodesics with the energies $E/m \le 1$ for the Schwarzschild and Kerr's black hole. The collisions of particles moving along the "white hole" geodesics with those moving along "black hole" geodesics are considered. Formulas for the increase of the energy of collision in the centre of mass frame are obtained and the possibility of observation of high energy particles arriving from the black hole to the Earth is discussed.
gr-qc/0307104
Jose' P. S. Lemos
Vitor Cardoso, Jose' P. S. Lemos, Shijun Yoshida
Electromagnetic radiation from collisions at almost the speed of light: an extremely relativistic charged particle falling into a Schwarzschild black hole
6 pages, 2 figures
Phys.Rev. D68 (2003) 084011
10.1103/PhysRevD.68.084011
null
gr-qc astro-ph hep-ph hep-th
null
We investigate the electromagnetic radiation released during the high energy collision of a charged point particle with a four-dimensional Schwarzschild black hole. We show that the spectra is flat, and well described by a classical calculation. We also compare the total electromagnetic and gravitational energies emitted, and find that the former is supressed in relation to the latter for very high energies. These results could apply to the astrophysical world in the case charged stars and small charged black holes are out there colliding into large black holes, and to a very high energy collision experiment in a four-dimensional world. In this latter scenario the calculation is to be used for the moments just after the black hole formation, when the collision of charged debris with the newly formed black hole is certainly expected. Since the calculation is four-dimensional, it does not directly apply to Tev-scale gravity black holes, as these inhabit a world of six to eleven dimensions, although our results should qualitatively hold when extrapolated with some care to higher dimensions.
[ { "created": "Wed, 23 Jul 2003 22:24:58 GMT", "version": "v1" } ]
2009-11-10
[ [ "Cardoso", "Vitor", "" ], [ "Lemos", "Jose' P. S.", "" ], [ "Yoshida", "Shijun", "" ] ]
We investigate the electromagnetic radiation released during the high energy collision of a charged point particle with a four-dimensional Schwarzschild black hole. We show that the spectra is flat, and well described by a classical calculation. We also compare the total electromagnetic and gravitational energies emitted, and find that the former is supressed in relation to the latter for very high energies. These results could apply to the astrophysical world in the case charged stars and small charged black holes are out there colliding into large black holes, and to a very high energy collision experiment in a four-dimensional world. In this latter scenario the calculation is to be used for the moments just after the black hole formation, when the collision of charged debris with the newly formed black hole is certainly expected. Since the calculation is four-dimensional, it does not directly apply to Tev-scale gravity black holes, as these inhabit a world of six to eleven dimensions, although our results should qualitatively hold when extrapolated with some care to higher dimensions.
2011.04550
Beatriz Elizaga Navascu\'es
Jer\'onimo Cortez, Beatriz Elizaga Navascu\'es, Guillermo A. Mena Marug\'an, Santiago Prado, and Jos\'e M. Velhinho
Uniqueness Criteria for the Fock Quantization of Dirac Fields and Applications in Hybrid Loop Quantum Cosmology
48 pages
Universe 2020, 6(12), 241
10.3390/universe6120241
null
gr-qc
http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/
In generic curved spacetimes, the unavailability of a natural choice of vacuum state introduces a serious ambiguity in the Fock quantization of fields. In this review, we study the case of fermions described by a Dirac field in several cosmological spacetimes, and present recent results about well-motivated criteria that ensure the uniqueness in the selection of a vacuum up to unitary transformations. These criteria are based on two requirements. First, the invariance of the vacuum under the symmetries of the Dirac equations in the considered spacetime. Second, the unitary implementability of the Heisenberg dynamics of the annihilation and creation operators when the curved spacetime is treated as a fixed background. This last requirement not only permits the uniqueness of the Fock quantization but, remarkably, it also determines an essentially unique splitting between the phase space variables assigned to the background and the fermionic annihilation and creation variables. We first consider Dirac fields in cosmological spacetimes of 2+1 dimensions and then discuss the more relevant case of 3+1 dimensions. We use this analysis to investigate the hybrid loop quantization of a flat Friedmann-Lema\^itre-Robertson-Walker background cosmology coupled to a perturbative Dirac field. Among the Fock quantizations for the fermionic perturbations allowed by our criteria, we further restrict the choice of vacuum by demanding a finite fermionic backreaction and, moreover, by diagonalizing the fermionic contribution to the total Hamiltonian in the asymptotic limit of large wave numbers of the Dirac modes. Finally, we argue in support of the uniquess of the vacuum state selected by the extension of this diagonalization condition beyond the ultraviolet regime, proving that it picks out the standard Poincar\'e and Bunch-Davies vacua for fixed flat and de Sitter background spacetimes, respectively.
[ { "created": "Mon, 9 Nov 2020 16:49:19 GMT", "version": "v1" }, { "created": "Tue, 1 Jun 2021 06:08:40 GMT", "version": "v2" } ]
2021-06-02
[ [ "Cortez", "Jerónimo", "" ], [ "Navascués", "Beatriz Elizaga", "" ], [ "Marugán", "Guillermo A. Mena", "" ], [ "Prado", "Santiago", "" ], [ "Velhinho", "José M.", "" ] ]
In generic curved spacetimes, the unavailability of a natural choice of vacuum state introduces a serious ambiguity in the Fock quantization of fields. In this review, we study the case of fermions described by a Dirac field in several cosmological spacetimes, and present recent results about well-motivated criteria that ensure the uniqueness in the selection of a vacuum up to unitary transformations. These criteria are based on two requirements. First, the invariance of the vacuum under the symmetries of the Dirac equations in the considered spacetime. Second, the unitary implementability of the Heisenberg dynamics of the annihilation and creation operators when the curved spacetime is treated as a fixed background. This last requirement not only permits the uniqueness of the Fock quantization but, remarkably, it also determines an essentially unique splitting between the phase space variables assigned to the background and the fermionic annihilation and creation variables. We first consider Dirac fields in cosmological spacetimes of 2+1 dimensions and then discuss the more relevant case of 3+1 dimensions. We use this analysis to investigate the hybrid loop quantization of a flat Friedmann-Lema\^itre-Robertson-Walker background cosmology coupled to a perturbative Dirac field. Among the Fock quantizations for the fermionic perturbations allowed by our criteria, we further restrict the choice of vacuum by demanding a finite fermionic backreaction and, moreover, by diagonalizing the fermionic contribution to the total Hamiltonian in the asymptotic limit of large wave numbers of the Dirac modes. Finally, we argue in support of the uniquess of the vacuum state selected by the extension of this diagonalization condition beyond the ultraviolet regime, proving that it picks out the standard Poincar\'e and Bunch-Davies vacua for fixed flat and de Sitter background spacetimes, respectively.
1206.0728
Dennis Bessada
Dennis Bessada
Non-Gaussian signatures of Tachyacoustic Cosmology
Some comments and references added. Matches the version published in JCAP
null
10.1088/1475-7516/2012/09/018
null
gr-qc astro-ph.CO
http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/
I investigate non-Gaussian signatures in the context of tachyacoustic cosmology, that is, a noninflationary model with superluminal speed of sound. I calculate the full non-Gaussian amplitude $\mathcal{A}$, its size $f_{\rm NL}$, and corresponding shapes for a red-tilted spectrum of primordial scalar perturbations. Specifically, for cuscuton-like models I show that $f_{\rm NL}\sim {\cal O}(1)$, and the shape of its non-Gaussian amplitude peaks for both equilateral and local configurations, the latter being dominant. These results, albeit similar, are quantitatively distinct from the corresponding ones obtained by Magueijo {\it{et. al}} in the context of superluminal bimetric models.
[ { "created": "Sat, 2 Jun 2012 19:58:52 GMT", "version": "v1" }, { "created": "Sat, 22 Sep 2012 02:06:52 GMT", "version": "v2" } ]
2015-06-05
[ [ "Bessada", "Dennis", "" ] ]
I investigate non-Gaussian signatures in the context of tachyacoustic cosmology, that is, a noninflationary model with superluminal speed of sound. I calculate the full non-Gaussian amplitude $\mathcal{A}$, its size $f_{\rm NL}$, and corresponding shapes for a red-tilted spectrum of primordial scalar perturbations. Specifically, for cuscuton-like models I show that $f_{\rm NL}\sim {\cal O}(1)$, and the shape of its non-Gaussian amplitude peaks for both equilateral and local configurations, the latter being dominant. These results, albeit similar, are quantitatively distinct from the corresponding ones obtained by Magueijo {\it{et. al}} in the context of superluminal bimetric models.
2105.05666
Rolando Gaitan Deveras RGD
Rolando Gaitan and Yessica Dominguez
Elements of the Metric-Affine Gravity I: Aspects of F(R) theories reductions and the Topologically Massive Gravity
42 pages, 1 figure
null
null
null
gr-qc hep-th
http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/
Some classical aspects of Metric-Affine Gravity are reviewed in the context of the $F^{(n)}(R)$ type models (polynomials of degree $n$ in the Riemann tensor) and the topologically massive gravity. At the non-perturbative level, we explore the consistency of the field equations when the $F^{(n)}(R)$ models are reduced to a Riemann-Christoffel (RCh) space-time, either via a Riemann-Cartan (RC) space or via an Einstein-Weyl (EW) space. It is well known for the case $F^{(1)}(R)=R$ that any path or reduction "classes" via RC or EW, leads to the same field equations with the exception of the $F^{(n)}(R)$ theories for $n>1$. We verify that this discrepancy can be solved by imposing non-metricity and torsion constraints. In particular, we explore the case $F^{(2)}(R)$ for the interest in expected physical solutions as those of conformally flat class. On the other hand, the symmetries of the topologically massive gravity are reviewed, as the physical content in RC and EW scenarios. The appearance of a non-linearly modified selfdual model in RC and existence of many non-unitary degrees of freedom in EW with the suggestion of a modified model for a massive gravity which cure the unphysical propagations, shall be discussed.
[ { "created": "Wed, 12 May 2021 13:56:13 GMT", "version": "v1" } ]
2021-05-13
[ [ "Gaitan", "Rolando", "" ], [ "Dominguez", "Yessica", "" ] ]
Some classical aspects of Metric-Affine Gravity are reviewed in the context of the $F^{(n)}(R)$ type models (polynomials of degree $n$ in the Riemann tensor) and the topologically massive gravity. At the non-perturbative level, we explore the consistency of the field equations when the $F^{(n)}(R)$ models are reduced to a Riemann-Christoffel (RCh) space-time, either via a Riemann-Cartan (RC) space or via an Einstein-Weyl (EW) space. It is well known for the case $F^{(1)}(R)=R$ that any path or reduction "classes" via RC or EW, leads to the same field equations with the exception of the $F^{(n)}(R)$ theories for $n>1$. We verify that this discrepancy can be solved by imposing non-metricity and torsion constraints. In particular, we explore the case $F^{(2)}(R)$ for the interest in expected physical solutions as those of conformally flat class. On the other hand, the symmetries of the topologically massive gravity are reviewed, as the physical content in RC and EW scenarios. The appearance of a non-linearly modified selfdual model in RC and existence of many non-unitary degrees of freedom in EW with the suggestion of a modified model for a massive gravity which cure the unphysical propagations, shall be discussed.
2402.05049
Soichiro Isoyama
Paul Ramond and Soichiro Isoyama
Symplectic mechanics of relativistic spinning compact bodies II.: Canonical formalism in the Schwarzschild spacetime
69 pages, 3 figures, 2 tables. V2: minor revisions before submission to PRD. added references
null
null
null
gr-qc nlin.SI
http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/
This work constitutes the second part of a series of studies that aim to utilise tools from Hamiltonian mechanics to investigate the motion of an extended body in general relativity. The first part of this work [Refs. [1, 2]] constructed a ten-dimensional, covariant Hamiltonian framework encompassing all the linear-in-spin corrections to the geodesic motion in arbitrary spacetime. This framework was proven to be integrable in the Schwarzschild and Kerr spacetimes, specifically. The present work translates this abstract integrability result into tangible applications for linear-in-spin Hamiltonian dynamics of a compact object in a Schwarzschild spacetime. In particular, a canonical system of coordinates is constructed explicitly, which exploits the spherical symmetry of the Schwarzschild spacetime. These coordinates are based on a relativistic generalization of the classical Andoyer variables of Newtonian rigid body motion. This canonical setup allows us to derive ready-to-use formulae for action-angle coordinates and gauge-invariant Hamiltonian frequencies, which automatically include all linear-in-spin effects. No external parameters or ad hoc choices are necessary, and the framework can be used to find complete solutions by quadrature of generic (bound or unbound), linear-in-spin orbits, including orbital inclination, precession and eccentricity, as well as spin precession. The efficacy of the formalism is demonstrated here in the context of circular orbits with arbitrary spin and orbital precession, with the results validated against known results in the literature.
[ { "created": "Wed, 7 Feb 2024 17:41:44 GMT", "version": "v1" }, { "created": "Mon, 6 May 2024 04:09:36 GMT", "version": "v2" } ]
2024-05-07
[ [ "Ramond", "Paul", "" ], [ "Isoyama", "Soichiro", "" ] ]
This work constitutes the second part of a series of studies that aim to utilise tools from Hamiltonian mechanics to investigate the motion of an extended body in general relativity. The first part of this work [Refs. [1, 2]] constructed a ten-dimensional, covariant Hamiltonian framework encompassing all the linear-in-spin corrections to the geodesic motion in arbitrary spacetime. This framework was proven to be integrable in the Schwarzschild and Kerr spacetimes, specifically. The present work translates this abstract integrability result into tangible applications for linear-in-spin Hamiltonian dynamics of a compact object in a Schwarzschild spacetime. In particular, a canonical system of coordinates is constructed explicitly, which exploits the spherical symmetry of the Schwarzschild spacetime. These coordinates are based on a relativistic generalization of the classical Andoyer variables of Newtonian rigid body motion. This canonical setup allows us to derive ready-to-use formulae for action-angle coordinates and gauge-invariant Hamiltonian frequencies, which automatically include all linear-in-spin effects. No external parameters or ad hoc choices are necessary, and the framework can be used to find complete solutions by quadrature of generic (bound or unbound), linear-in-spin orbits, including orbital inclination, precession and eccentricity, as well as spin precession. The efficacy of the formalism is demonstrated here in the context of circular orbits with arbitrary spin and orbital precession, with the results validated against known results in the literature.
2408.05668
Shin'ichi Nojiri
Shin'ichi Nojiri and Sergei D. Odintsov
Improving Mimetic Gravity with Non-trivial Scalar Potential: Cosmology, Black Holes, Shadow and Photon Sphere
LaTeX, 32 pages, no figure
null
null
KEK-TH-2645, KEK-Cosmo-0353
gr-qc astro-ph.CO hep-th
http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/
It is not easy to treat the spacetime with horizon(s) in the standard mimetic gravity. The solution to this problem has been presented in Phys.~Lett.~B 830 (2022), 137140, where it was suggested to modify the Lagrange multiplier constraint. In this paper, by using the improved formulation, we investigate the cosmology and black holes in mimetic gravity with scalar potential and in the scalar mimetic $F(R)$ gravity. The inflationary era and dark energy epoch for the above theories are presented as specific examples from the general reconstruction scheme which permits to realise any universe expansion history via the choice of the corresponding scalar potential or function $F(R)$. Two black hole solutions including the Schwarzschild and Hayward ones are constructed. The shadow and the radius of the photon sphere for the above black holes are found. The explicit confrontation of the black hole shadow radius with the observational bounds from M87$^*$ and Sgr A$^*$ objects is done. It is demonstrated that they do not conflict with Event Horizon Telescope observations.
[ { "created": "Sun, 11 Aug 2024 01:15:39 GMT", "version": "v1" } ]
2024-08-13
[ [ "Nojiri", "Shin'ichi", "" ], [ "Odintsov", "Sergei D.", "" ] ]
It is not easy to treat the spacetime with horizon(s) in the standard mimetic gravity. The solution to this problem has been presented in Phys.~Lett.~B 830 (2022), 137140, where it was suggested to modify the Lagrange multiplier constraint. In this paper, by using the improved formulation, we investigate the cosmology and black holes in mimetic gravity with scalar potential and in the scalar mimetic $F(R)$ gravity. The inflationary era and dark energy epoch for the above theories are presented as specific examples from the general reconstruction scheme which permits to realise any universe expansion history via the choice of the corresponding scalar potential or function $F(R)$. Two black hole solutions including the Schwarzschild and Hayward ones are constructed. The shadow and the radius of the photon sphere for the above black holes are found. The explicit confrontation of the black hole shadow radius with the observational bounds from M87$^*$ and Sgr A$^*$ objects is done. It is demonstrated that they do not conflict with Event Horizon Telescope observations.
gr-qc/0307100
Nicolas Arnaud
Nicolas Arnaud, Matteo Barsuglia, Marie-Anne Bizouard, Violette Brisson, Fabien Cavalier, Michel Davier, Patrice Hello, Stephane Kreckelbergh, Edward K. Porter
Coincidence and coherent data analysis methods for gravitational wave bursts in a network of interferometric detectors
Spelling mistake corrected in one author's name
Phys.Rev. D68 (2003) 102001
10.1103/PhysRevD.68.102001
null
gr-qc
null
Network data analysis methods are the only way to properly separate real gravitational wave (GW) transient events from detector noise. They can be divided into two generic classes: the coincidence method and the coherent analysis. The former uses lists of selected events provided by each interferometer belonging to the network and tries to correlate them in time to identify a physical signal. Instead of this binary treatment of detector outputs (signal present or absent), the latter method involves first the merging of the interferometer data and looks for a common pattern, consistent with an assumed GW waveform and a given source location in the sky. The thresholds are only applied later, to validate or not the hypothesis made. As coherent algorithms use a more complete information than coincidence methods, they are expected to provide better detection performances, but at a higher computational cost. An efficient filter must yield a good compromise between a low false alarm rate (hence triggering on data at a manageable rate) and a high detection efficiency. Therefore, the comparison of the two approaches is achieved using so-called Receiving Operating Characteristics (ROC), giving the relationship between the false alarm rate and the detection efficiency for a given method. This paper investigates this question via Monte-Carlo simulations, using the network model developed in a previous article.
[ { "created": "Wed, 23 Jul 2003 16:08:06 GMT", "version": "v1" }, { "created": "Mon, 1 Sep 2003 11:32:11 GMT", "version": "v2" }, { "created": "Mon, 8 Sep 2003 12:17:25 GMT", "version": "v3" } ]
2009-11-10
[ [ "Arnaud", "Nicolas", "" ], [ "Barsuglia", "Matteo", "" ], [ "Bizouard", "Marie-Anne", "" ], [ "Brisson", "Violette", "" ], [ "Cavalier", "Fabien", "" ], [ "Davier", "Michel", "" ], [ "Hello", "Patrice", "" ...
Network data analysis methods are the only way to properly separate real gravitational wave (GW) transient events from detector noise. They can be divided into two generic classes: the coincidence method and the coherent analysis. The former uses lists of selected events provided by each interferometer belonging to the network and tries to correlate them in time to identify a physical signal. Instead of this binary treatment of detector outputs (signal present or absent), the latter method involves first the merging of the interferometer data and looks for a common pattern, consistent with an assumed GW waveform and a given source location in the sky. The thresholds are only applied later, to validate or not the hypothesis made. As coherent algorithms use a more complete information than coincidence methods, they are expected to provide better detection performances, but at a higher computational cost. An efficient filter must yield a good compromise between a low false alarm rate (hence triggering on data at a manageable rate) and a high detection efficiency. Therefore, the comparison of the two approaches is achieved using so-called Receiving Operating Characteristics (ROC), giving the relationship between the false alarm rate and the detection efficiency for a given method. This paper investigates this question via Monte-Carlo simulations, using the network model developed in a previous article.
1111.3858
Mubasher Jamil
Ujjal Debnath, Surajit Chattopadhyay, Ibrar Hussain, Mubasher Jamil, Ratbay Myrzakulov
Generalized Second Law of Thermodynamics for FRW Cosmology with Power-Law Entropy Correction
10 pages
Eur. Phys. J. C (2012) 72:1875
10.1140/epjc/s10052-012-1875-7
null
gr-qc
http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/
In this work, we have considered the power law correction of entropy on the horizon. If the flat FRW Universe is filled with the n components fluid with interactions, the GSL of thermodynamics for apparent and event horizons have been investigated for equilibrium and non-equilibrium cases. If we consider a small perturbation around the de Sitter space-time, the general conditions of the validity of GSL have been found. Also if a phantom dominated Universe has a polelike type scale factor, the validity of GSL has also been analyzed. Further we have obtained constraints on the power-law parameter {\alpha} in the phantom and quintessence dominated regimes. Finally we obtain conditions under which GSL breaks down in a cosmological background.
[ { "created": "Tue, 15 Nov 2011 08:26:58 GMT", "version": "v1" }, { "created": "Wed, 25 Jan 2012 04:50:38 GMT", "version": "v2" }, { "created": "Thu, 23 Feb 2012 11:02:07 GMT", "version": "v3" } ]
2012-07-03
[ [ "Debnath", "Ujjal", "" ], [ "Chattopadhyay", "Surajit", "" ], [ "Hussain", "Ibrar", "" ], [ "Jamil", "Mubasher", "" ], [ "Myrzakulov", "Ratbay", "" ] ]
In this work, we have considered the power law correction of entropy on the horizon. If the flat FRW Universe is filled with the n components fluid with interactions, the GSL of thermodynamics for apparent and event horizons have been investigated for equilibrium and non-equilibrium cases. If we consider a small perturbation around the de Sitter space-time, the general conditions of the validity of GSL have been found. Also if a phantom dominated Universe has a polelike type scale factor, the validity of GSL has also been analyzed. Further we have obtained constraints on the power-law parameter {\alpha} in the phantom and quintessence dominated regimes. Finally we obtain conditions under which GSL breaks down in a cosmological background.
gr-qc/0101005
Valery Gavrilov
V.R. Gavrilov and V.N. Melnikov
X-fluid and viscous fluid in D-dimensional anisotropic integrable cosmology
11 pages, Latex 2.09
null
null
null
gr-qc
null
D-dimensional cosmological model describing the evolution of a perfect fluid with negative pressure (x-fluid) and a fluid possessing both shear and bulk viscosity in n Ricci-flat spaces is investigated. The second equations of state are chosen in some special form of metric dependence of the shear and bulk viscosity coefficients. The equations of motion are integrated and the dynamical properties of the exact solutions are studied. It is shown the possibility to resolve the cosmic coincidence problem when the x-fluid plays role of quintessence and the viscous fluid is used as cold dark matter.
[ { "created": "Sat, 30 Dec 2000 17:09:59 GMT", "version": "v1" }, { "created": "Tue, 27 Mar 2001 21:00:59 GMT", "version": "v2" } ]
2007-05-23
[ [ "Gavrilov", "V. R.", "" ], [ "Melnikov", "V. N.", "" ] ]
D-dimensional cosmological model describing the evolution of a perfect fluid with negative pressure (x-fluid) and a fluid possessing both shear and bulk viscosity in n Ricci-flat spaces is investigated. The second equations of state are chosen in some special form of metric dependence of the shear and bulk viscosity coefficients. The equations of motion are integrated and the dynamical properties of the exact solutions are studied. It is shown the possibility to resolve the cosmic coincidence problem when the x-fluid plays role of quintessence and the viscous fluid is used as cold dark matter.
2208.07324
Serguei Krasnikov
Serguei Krasnikov
A causality preserving evolution of a pair of strings
More details
Universe 8 (2022) 640
null
null
gr-qc
http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/
As shown by Gott, a pair of straight cosmic strings moving in opposite directions, when they have suitable speed and impact parameter, produce closed timelike curves. I argue in this paper that there always is a not-so-frightening alternative: the Universe may prefer to produce a certain (surprisingly simple and absolutely mild) singularity instead.
[ { "created": "Mon, 15 Aug 2022 16:42:21 GMT", "version": "v1" }, { "created": "Thu, 1 Dec 2022 16:03:26 GMT", "version": "v2" } ]
2022-12-02
[ [ "Krasnikov", "Serguei", "" ] ]
As shown by Gott, a pair of straight cosmic strings moving in opposite directions, when they have suitable speed and impact parameter, produce closed timelike curves. I argue in this paper that there always is a not-so-frightening alternative: the Universe may prefer to produce a certain (surprisingly simple and absolutely mild) singularity instead.
1307.1097
Henrique de Andrade Gomes
Henrique Gomes
A construction principle for ADM-type theories in maximal slicing gauge
14 pages, updated references, matches version submitted to Phys. Rev. D
null
null
null
gr-qc
http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/
The differing concepts of time in general relativity and quantum mechanics are widely accused as the main culprits in our persistent failure in finding a complete theory of quantum gravity. Here we address this issue by constructing ADM-type theories \emph{in a particular time gauge} directly from first principles. The principles are expressed as conditions on phase space constraints: we search for two sets of spatially covariant constraints, which generate symmetries (are first class) and gauge-fix each other leaving two propagating degrees of freedom. One of the sets is the Weyl generator tr$(\pi)$, and the other is a one-parameter family containing the ADM scalar constraint $\lambda R- \beta(\pi^{ab}\pi_{ab}+(\mbox{tr}(\pi))^2/2))$. The two sets of constraints can be seen as defining ADM-type theories with a maximal slicing gauge-fixing. This work provides an independent, first principles derivation of ADM gravity. The principles above are motivated by a heuristic argument relying in the relation between symmetry doubling and exact renormalization arguments for quantum gravity, aside from compatibility with the spatial diffeomorphisms. As a by-product, these results address one of the most popular criticisms of Shape Dynamics: its construction starts off from the ADM Hamiltonian formulation. The present work severs this dependence: the set of constraints yield reduced phase space theories that can be naturally represented by either Shape Dynamics or ADM. More precisely, the resulting theories can be naturally "unfixed" to encompass either spatial Weyl invariance (the symmetry of Shape Dynamics) or refoliation symmetry (ADM).
[ { "created": "Wed, 3 Jul 2013 18:05:57 GMT", "version": "v1" }, { "created": "Wed, 31 Jul 2013 18:37:27 GMT", "version": "v2" }, { "created": "Mon, 7 Oct 2013 08:18:50 GMT", "version": "v3" } ]
2013-10-08
[ [ "Gomes", "Henrique", "" ] ]
The differing concepts of time in general relativity and quantum mechanics are widely accused as the main culprits in our persistent failure in finding a complete theory of quantum gravity. Here we address this issue by constructing ADM-type theories \emph{in a particular time gauge} directly from first principles. The principles are expressed as conditions on phase space constraints: we search for two sets of spatially covariant constraints, which generate symmetries (are first class) and gauge-fix each other leaving two propagating degrees of freedom. One of the sets is the Weyl generator tr$(\pi)$, and the other is a one-parameter family containing the ADM scalar constraint $\lambda R- \beta(\pi^{ab}\pi_{ab}+(\mbox{tr}(\pi))^2/2))$. The two sets of constraints can be seen as defining ADM-type theories with a maximal slicing gauge-fixing. This work provides an independent, first principles derivation of ADM gravity. The principles above are motivated by a heuristic argument relying in the relation between symmetry doubling and exact renormalization arguments for quantum gravity, aside from compatibility with the spatial diffeomorphisms. As a by-product, these results address one of the most popular criticisms of Shape Dynamics: its construction starts off from the ADM Hamiltonian formulation. The present work severs this dependence: the set of constraints yield reduced phase space theories that can be naturally represented by either Shape Dynamics or ADM. More precisely, the resulting theories can be naturally "unfixed" to encompass either spatial Weyl invariance (the symmetry of Shape Dynamics) or refoliation symmetry (ADM).
0904.1272
Dario Zappala
M. Consoli
Ultraweak excitations of the quantum vacuum as physical models of gravity
30 pages, no figures, accepted by Classical and Quantum Gravity
Class.Quant.Grav.26:225008,2009
10.1088/0264-9381/26/22/225008
null
gr-qc
http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/
It has been argued by several authors that the space-time curvature observed in gravitational fields, and the same idea of forms of physical equivalence different from the Lorentz group, might emerge from the dynamical properties of the physical flat-space vacuum in a suitable hydrodynamic limit. To explore this idea, one could start by representing the physical vacuum as a Bose condensate of elementary quanta and look for vacuum excitations that, on a coarse grained scale, resemble the Newtonian potential. In this way, it is relatively easy to match the weak-field limit of classical General Relativity or of some of its possible variants. The idea that Bose condensates can provide various forms of gravitational dynamics is not new. Here, I want to emphasize some genuine quantum field theoretical aspects that can help to understand i) why infinitesimally weak, 1/r interactions can indeed arise from the same physical vacuum of electroweak and strong interactions and ii) why, on a coarse-grained scale, their dynamical effects can be re-absorbed into an effective curved metric structure.
[ { "created": "Wed, 8 Apr 2009 07:22:05 GMT", "version": "v1" }, { "created": "Fri, 25 Sep 2009 09:52:44 GMT", "version": "v2" } ]
2009-11-19
[ [ "Consoli", "M.", "" ] ]
It has been argued by several authors that the space-time curvature observed in gravitational fields, and the same idea of forms of physical equivalence different from the Lorentz group, might emerge from the dynamical properties of the physical flat-space vacuum in a suitable hydrodynamic limit. To explore this idea, one could start by representing the physical vacuum as a Bose condensate of elementary quanta and look for vacuum excitations that, on a coarse grained scale, resemble the Newtonian potential. In this way, it is relatively easy to match the weak-field limit of classical General Relativity or of some of its possible variants. The idea that Bose condensates can provide various forms of gravitational dynamics is not new. Here, I want to emphasize some genuine quantum field theoretical aspects that can help to understand i) why infinitesimally weak, 1/r interactions can indeed arise from the same physical vacuum of electroweak and strong interactions and ii) why, on a coarse-grained scale, their dynamical effects can be re-absorbed into an effective curved metric structure.
1103.1220
Suat Dengiz
Suat Dengiz
3+1 Orthogonal and Conformal Decomposition of the Einstein Equation and the ADM Formalism for General Relativity
M. Sc. Thesis, 88 pages, 6 figures
null
null
null
gr-qc hep-th math-ph math.MP
http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/
In this work, two particular orthogonal and conformal decompositions of the 3+1 dimensional Einstein equation and Arnowitt-Deser-Misner (ADM) formalism for general relativity are obtained. In order to do these, the 3+1 foliation of the four-dimensional spacetime, the fundamental conformal transformations and the Hamiltonian form of general relativity that leads to the ADM formalism, defined for the conserved quantities of the hypersurfaces of the globally-hyperbolic asymptotically flat spacetimes, are reconstructed. All the calculations up to chapter 7 are just a review. We propose a method in chapter 7 which gives an interesting relation between the Cotton (Conformal) soliton and the static vacuum solutions. The formulation that we introduce can be extended to find the gradient Cotton soliton and the solutions of Topologically Massive Gravity (TMG) as well as the gradient Ricci soliton.
[ { "created": "Mon, 7 Mar 2011 09:45:40 GMT", "version": "v1" } ]
2011-03-08
[ [ "Dengiz", "Suat", "" ] ]
In this work, two particular orthogonal and conformal decompositions of the 3+1 dimensional Einstein equation and Arnowitt-Deser-Misner (ADM) formalism for general relativity are obtained. In order to do these, the 3+1 foliation of the four-dimensional spacetime, the fundamental conformal transformations and the Hamiltonian form of general relativity that leads to the ADM formalism, defined for the conserved quantities of the hypersurfaces of the globally-hyperbolic asymptotically flat spacetimes, are reconstructed. All the calculations up to chapter 7 are just a review. We propose a method in chapter 7 which gives an interesting relation between the Cotton (Conformal) soliton and the static vacuum solutions. The formulation that we introduce can be extended to find the gradient Cotton soliton and the solutions of Topologically Massive Gravity (TMG) as well as the gradient Ricci soliton.
1411.4057
Laszlo Arpad Gergely
L\'aszl\'o \'Arp\'ad Gergely, Zolt\'an Keresztes
Spinning compact binary dynamics and chameleon orbits
to be published in Phys. Rev. D, 19 pages, 3 figure panels
Phys. Rev. D 91, 024012 (2015)
10.1103/PhysRevD.91.024012
null
gr-qc
http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/
We analyse the conservative evolution of spinning compact binaries to second post-Newtonian (2PN) order accuracy, with leading order spin-orbit, spin-spin and mass quadrupole-monopole contributions included. As a main result we derive a closed system of first order differential equations in a compact form, for a set of dimensionless variables encompassing both orbital elements and spin angles. These evolutions are constrained by conservation laws holding at 2PN order. As required by the generic theory of constrained dynamical systems we perform a consistency check and prove that the constraints are preserved by the evolution. We apply the formalism to show the existence of chameleon orbits, whose local, orbital parameters evolve from elliptic (in the Newtonian sense) near pericenter, towards hyperbolic at large distances. This behavior is consistent with the picture that General Relativity predicts stronger gravity at short distances than Newtonian theory does.
[ { "created": "Fri, 14 Nov 2014 21:07:48 GMT", "version": "v1" }, { "created": "Sat, 20 Dec 2014 07:19:48 GMT", "version": "v2" } ]
2015-05-04
[ [ "Gergely", "László Árpád", "" ], [ "Keresztes", "Zoltán", "" ] ]
We analyse the conservative evolution of spinning compact binaries to second post-Newtonian (2PN) order accuracy, with leading order spin-orbit, spin-spin and mass quadrupole-monopole contributions included. As a main result we derive a closed system of first order differential equations in a compact form, for a set of dimensionless variables encompassing both orbital elements and spin angles. These evolutions are constrained by conservation laws holding at 2PN order. As required by the generic theory of constrained dynamical systems we perform a consistency check and prove that the constraints are preserved by the evolution. We apply the formalism to show the existence of chameleon orbits, whose local, orbital parameters evolve from elliptic (in the Newtonian sense) near pericenter, towards hyperbolic at large distances. This behavior is consistent with the picture that General Relativity predicts stronger gravity at short distances than Newtonian theory does.
2407.00174
Marius Adrian Oancea
Abraham I. Harte, Thomas B. Mieling, Marius A. Oancea, Florian Steininger
Gravitational wave memory and its effects on particles and fields
null
null
null
null
gr-qc
http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/
Gravitational wave memory is said to arise when a gravitational wave burst produces changes in a physical system that persist even after that wave has passed. This paper analyzes gravitational wave bursts in plane wave spacetimes, deriving memory effects on timelike and null geodesics, massless scalar fields, and massless spinning particles whose motion is described by the spin Hall equations. All associated memory effects are found to be characterized by four ``memory tensors,'' three of which are independent. These tensors form a scattering matrix for the transverse components of geodesics. However, unlike for the ``classical'' memory effect involving initially comoving pairs of timelike geodesics, one of our results is that memory effects for null geodesics can have strong longitudinal components. When considering massless particles with spin, we solve the spin Hall equations analytically by showing that there exists a conservation law associated with each conformal Killing vector field. These solutions depend only on the same four memory tensors that control geodesic scattering. For massless scalar fields, we show that given any solution in flat spacetime, a weak-field solution in a plane wave spacetime can be generated just by differentiation. Precisely which derivatives are involved depend on the same four memory tensors. These effects are illustrated for scalar plane waves and higher-order Gaussian beams. Furthermore, we also present a numerical comparison between the dynamics of localized wave packets carrying angular momentum and the spin Hall equations.
[ { "created": "Fri, 28 Jun 2024 18:23:32 GMT", "version": "v1" }, { "created": "Mon, 22 Jul 2024 17:12:08 GMT", "version": "v2" } ]
2024-07-23
[ [ "Harte", "Abraham I.", "" ], [ "Mieling", "Thomas B.", "" ], [ "Oancea", "Marius A.", "" ], [ "Steininger", "Florian", "" ] ]
Gravitational wave memory is said to arise when a gravitational wave burst produces changes in a physical system that persist even after that wave has passed. This paper analyzes gravitational wave bursts in plane wave spacetimes, deriving memory effects on timelike and null geodesics, massless scalar fields, and massless spinning particles whose motion is described by the spin Hall equations. All associated memory effects are found to be characterized by four ``memory tensors,'' three of which are independent. These tensors form a scattering matrix for the transverse components of geodesics. However, unlike for the ``classical'' memory effect involving initially comoving pairs of timelike geodesics, one of our results is that memory effects for null geodesics can have strong longitudinal components. When considering massless particles with spin, we solve the spin Hall equations analytically by showing that there exists a conservation law associated with each conformal Killing vector field. These solutions depend only on the same four memory tensors that control geodesic scattering. For massless scalar fields, we show that given any solution in flat spacetime, a weak-field solution in a plane wave spacetime can be generated just by differentiation. Precisely which derivatives are involved depend on the same four memory tensors. These effects are illustrated for scalar plane waves and higher-order Gaussian beams. Furthermore, we also present a numerical comparison between the dynamics of localized wave packets carrying angular momentum and the spin Hall equations.
1412.1955
Marco Frasca
Marco Frasca
Hawking radiation and interacting fields
12 pages, 1 figure. Fixed some LaTeX and added references. Accepted for publication in European Physical Journal Plus
Eur. Phys. J. Plus (2017) 132: 467
10.1140/epjp/i2017-11732-1
null
gr-qc hep-ph hep-th
http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/
Hawking radiation is generally derived using a non-interacting field theory. Some time ago, Leahy and Unruh showed that, in two dimensions with a Schwarzschild geometry, a scalar field theory with a quartic interaction gets the coupling switched off near the horizon of the black hole. This would imply that interaction has no effect on Hawking radiation and free theory for particles can be used. Recently, a set of exact classical solutions for the quartic scalar field theory has been obtained. These solutions display a massive dispersion relation even if the starting theory is massless. When one considers the corresponding quantum field theory, this mass gap becomes a tower of massive excitations and, at the leading order, the theory is trivial. We apply these results to Hawking radiation for a Kerr geometry and prove that the Leahy-Unruh effect is at work. Approaching the horizon the scalar field theory has the mass gap going to zero. We devise a technique to study the interacting scalar theory very near the horizon increasing the coupling. As these solutions are represented by a Fourier series of plane waves, Hawking radiation can be immediately obtained with well-known techniques. These results open a question about the behavior of the Standard Model of particles very near the horizon of a black hole where the interactions turn out to be switched off and the electroweak symmetry could be restored.
[ { "created": "Fri, 5 Dec 2014 11:14:22 GMT", "version": "v1" }, { "created": "Mon, 8 Dec 2014 16:34:35 GMT", "version": "v2" }, { "created": "Sun, 15 Oct 2017 14:05:33 GMT", "version": "v3" } ]
2017-11-06
[ [ "Frasca", "Marco", "" ] ]
Hawking radiation is generally derived using a non-interacting field theory. Some time ago, Leahy and Unruh showed that, in two dimensions with a Schwarzschild geometry, a scalar field theory with a quartic interaction gets the coupling switched off near the horizon of the black hole. This would imply that interaction has no effect on Hawking radiation and free theory for particles can be used. Recently, a set of exact classical solutions for the quartic scalar field theory has been obtained. These solutions display a massive dispersion relation even if the starting theory is massless. When one considers the corresponding quantum field theory, this mass gap becomes a tower of massive excitations and, at the leading order, the theory is trivial. We apply these results to Hawking radiation for a Kerr geometry and prove that the Leahy-Unruh effect is at work. Approaching the horizon the scalar field theory has the mass gap going to zero. We devise a technique to study the interacting scalar theory very near the horizon increasing the coupling. As these solutions are represented by a Fourier series of plane waves, Hawking radiation can be immediately obtained with well-known techniques. These results open a question about the behavior of the Standard Model of particles very near the horizon of a black hole where the interactions turn out to be switched off and the electroweak symmetry could be restored.
gr-qc/9801086
Lior M. Burko
Amos Ori
Null weak singularities in plane-symmetric spacetimes
17 pages, 2 PostScript figures, to appear in Phys. Rev. D
Phys.Rev. D57 (1998) 4745-4753
10.1103/PhysRevD.57.4745
null
gr-qc
null
We construct a new class of plane-symmetric solutions possessing a curvature singularity which is null and weak, like the spacetime singularity at the Cauchy horizon of spinning (or charged) black holes. We then analyse the stability of this singularity using a rigorous non-perturbative method. We find that within the framework of (linearly-polarized) plane-symmetric spacetimes this type of null weak singularity is locally stable. Generically, the singularity is also scalar-curvature. These observations support the new picture of the null weak singularity inside spinning (or charged) black holes, which is so far established primarily on the perturbative approach.
[ { "created": "Mon, 26 Jan 1998 10:45:19 GMT", "version": "v1" } ]
2009-10-31
[ [ "Ori", "Amos", "" ] ]
We construct a new class of plane-symmetric solutions possessing a curvature singularity which is null and weak, like the spacetime singularity at the Cauchy horizon of spinning (or charged) black holes. We then analyse the stability of this singularity using a rigorous non-perturbative method. We find that within the framework of (linearly-polarized) plane-symmetric spacetimes this type of null weak singularity is locally stable. Generically, the singularity is also scalar-curvature. These observations support the new picture of the null weak singularity inside spinning (or charged) black holes, which is so far established primarily on the perturbative approach.
gr-qc/0511133
Bin Wang
Bin Wang
Perturbations around black holes
14 pages, 4 figures, Invited plenary talk given in the Conference "100 Years of Relativity", Sao Paulo, Brazil, August 2005
Braz.J.Phys. 35 (2005) 1029-1037
null
null
gr-qc
null
Perturbations around black holes have been an intriguing topic in the last few decades. They are particularly important today, since they relate to the gravitational wave observations which may provide the unique fingerprint of black holes' existence. Besides the astrophysical interest, theoretically perturbations around black holes can be used as testing grounds to examine the proposed AdS/CFT and dS/CFT correspondence.
[ { "created": "Thu, 24 Nov 2005 15:31:19 GMT", "version": "v1" } ]
2007-05-23
[ [ "Wang", "Bin", "" ] ]
Perturbations around black holes have been an intriguing topic in the last few decades. They are particularly important today, since they relate to the gravitational wave observations which may provide the unique fingerprint of black holes' existence. Besides the astrophysical interest, theoretically perturbations around black holes can be used as testing grounds to examine the proposed AdS/CFT and dS/CFT correspondence.
gr-qc/9802005
Bruce Bassett
G. F. R. Ellis and D. M. Solomons (UCT)
Caustics of Compensated Spherical Lens Models
21 pages, 5 ps figures, epsf
Class.Quant.Grav. 15 (1998) 2381-2396
10.1088/0264-9381/15/8/017
null
gr-qc astro-ph
null
We consider compensated spherical lens models and the caustic surfaces they create in the past light cone. Examination of cusp and crossover angles associated with particular source and lens redshifts gives explicit lensing models that confirm previous claims that area distances can differ by substantial factors from angular diameter distances even when averaged over large angular scales. `Shrinking' in apparent sizes occurs, typically by a factor of 3 for a single spherical lens, on the scale of the cusp caused by the lens; summing over many lenses will still leave a residual effect.
[ { "created": "Tue, 3 Feb 1998 00:18:55 GMT", "version": "v1" } ]
2009-10-31
[ [ "Ellis", "G. F. R.", "", "UCT" ], [ "Solomons", "D. M.", "", "UCT" ] ]
We consider compensated spherical lens models and the caustic surfaces they create in the past light cone. Examination of cusp and crossover angles associated with particular source and lens redshifts gives explicit lensing models that confirm previous claims that area distances can differ by substantial factors from angular diameter distances even when averaged over large angular scales. `Shrinking' in apparent sizes occurs, typically by a factor of 3 for a single spherical lens, on the scale of the cusp caused by the lens; summing over many lenses will still leave a residual effect.
gr-qc/9410040
null
Piotr T. Chru\'sciel, Alan D. Rendall
Strong cosmic censorship in vacuum space--times with compact, locally homogeneous Cauchy surfaces
Latex, 38 pages
Annals Phys. 242 (1995) 349-385
10.1006/aphy.1995.1084
null
gr-qc
null
We consider the question of strong cosmic censorship in spatially compact, spatially locally homogeneous vacuum models. We show in particular that strong cosmic censorship holds in Bianchi IX vacuum space--times with spherical spatial topology.
[ { "created": "Fri, 28 Oct 1994 13:53:48 GMT", "version": "v1" }, { "created": "Sun, 30 Oct 1994 18:15:13 GMT", "version": "v2" } ]
2009-10-22
[ [ "Chruściel", "Piotr T.", "" ], [ "Rendall", "Alan D.", "" ] ]
We consider the question of strong cosmic censorship in spatially compact, spatially locally homogeneous vacuum models. We show in particular that strong cosmic censorship holds in Bianchi IX vacuum space--times with spherical spatial topology.
0912.4744
Sean McWilliams
Sean T. McWilliams
Constraining the braneworld with gravitational wave observations
4 pages, replaced with version published in Phys. Rev. Lett.
Phys.Rev.Lett.104:141601,2010
10.1103/PhysRevLett.104.141601
null
gr-qc hep-th
http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/
Some braneworld models may have observable consequences that, if detected, would validate a requisite element of string theory. In the infinite Randall-Sundrum model (RS2), the AdS radius of curvature, L, of the extra dimension supports a single bound state of the massless graviton on the brane, thereby reproducing Newtonian gravity in the weak-field limit. However, using the AdS/CFT correspondence, it has been suggested that one possible consequence of RS2 is an enormous increase in Hawking radiation emitted by black holes. We utilize this possibility to derive two novel methods for constraining L via gravitational wave measurements. We show that the EMRI event rate detected by LISA can constrain L at the ~1 micron level for optimal cases, while the observation of a single galactic black hole binary with LISA results in an optimal constraint of L <= 5 microns.
[ { "created": "Wed, 23 Dec 2009 21:52:50 GMT", "version": "v1" }, { "created": "Thu, 15 Apr 2010 19:22:01 GMT", "version": "v2" } ]
2010-04-21
[ [ "McWilliams", "Sean T.", "" ] ]
Some braneworld models may have observable consequences that, if detected, would validate a requisite element of string theory. In the infinite Randall-Sundrum model (RS2), the AdS radius of curvature, L, of the extra dimension supports a single bound state of the massless graviton on the brane, thereby reproducing Newtonian gravity in the weak-field limit. However, using the AdS/CFT correspondence, it has been suggested that one possible consequence of RS2 is an enormous increase in Hawking radiation emitted by black holes. We utilize this possibility to derive two novel methods for constraining L via gravitational wave measurements. We show that the EMRI event rate detected by LISA can constrain L at the ~1 micron level for optimal cases, while the observation of a single galactic black hole binary with LISA results in an optimal constraint of L <= 5 microns.
2405.12987
Ivan Arraut Dr.
Ivan Arraut
Reply to the "Comment on The Tully-Fisher law and dark matter effects derived via modified symmetries by I. Arraut"
4 pages; reply to arXiv:2402.00081
2024 EPL 147 19002
10.1209/0295-5075/ad6180
null
gr-qc
http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/
It has been claimed in \cite{1}, that the idea proposed in \cite{2} has certain mistakes based on arguments of energy conditions and others. Additionally, some of the key arguments of the paper are criticized. Here we demonstrate that the results obtained in \cite{2} are correct and that there is no violation of any energy condition. The statements claimed in \cite{1} are based on three things: 1). Misinterpretation of the metric solution. 2). Language issues related to the physical quantities obtained in \cite{1}, where the authors make wrong interpretations about certain results over the geometry proposed in \cite{2}. 3). Non-rigorous evaluations of the vacuum condition defined via the result over the Ricci tensor $R_{\mu\nu}=0$
[ { "created": "Tue, 2 Apr 2024 10:38:30 GMT", "version": "v1" } ]
2024-07-19
[ [ "Arraut", "Ivan", "" ] ]
It has been claimed in \cite{1}, that the idea proposed in \cite{2} has certain mistakes based on arguments of energy conditions and others. Additionally, some of the key arguments of the paper are criticized. Here we demonstrate that the results obtained in \cite{2} are correct and that there is no violation of any energy condition. The statements claimed in \cite{1} are based on three things: 1). Misinterpretation of the metric solution. 2). Language issues related to the physical quantities obtained in \cite{1}, where the authors make wrong interpretations about certain results over the geometry proposed in \cite{2}. 3). Non-rigorous evaluations of the vacuum condition defined via the result over the Ricci tensor $R_{\mu\nu}=0$
2405.08895
Ali Kaya
Ali Kaya
Time Evolution in Canonical Quantum Gravity is Trivial
9 pages, v2: comments and references added
null
null
null
gr-qc hep-th
http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/
The Wheeler-DeWitt equation does not describe any explicit time evolution of the wave function, and somehow related to this issue, there is no natural way of defining an invariant inner product that provides a viable probability interpretation. We show that both of these difficulties are solved in a covariant canonical formulation of general relativity where the configuration space is extended by introducing the embedding coordinates as dynamical variables. The formalism describes the evolution of the wave function from one spacelike slice to another, but as in the case of spatial diffeomorphisms this is simply implemented by a coordinate change in the wave function. We demonstrate how the time equation disappears after gauge fixing that removes the embedding coordinates. These findings indicate that the time evolution is trivial in a background independent formulation of quantum gravity.
[ { "created": "Tue, 14 May 2024 18:13:02 GMT", "version": "v1" }, { "created": "Tue, 28 May 2024 14:17:11 GMT", "version": "v2" } ]
2024-05-29
[ [ "Kaya", "Ali", "" ] ]
The Wheeler-DeWitt equation does not describe any explicit time evolution of the wave function, and somehow related to this issue, there is no natural way of defining an invariant inner product that provides a viable probability interpretation. We show that both of these difficulties are solved in a covariant canonical formulation of general relativity where the configuration space is extended by introducing the embedding coordinates as dynamical variables. The formalism describes the evolution of the wave function from one spacelike slice to another, but as in the case of spatial diffeomorphisms this is simply implemented by a coordinate change in the wave function. We demonstrate how the time equation disappears after gauge fixing that removes the embedding coordinates. These findings indicate that the time evolution is trivial in a background independent formulation of quantum gravity.
1202.1905
Deniz Olgu Devecioglu
Gokhan Alkac, Deniz Olgu Devecioglu
Covariant Symplectic Structure and Conserved Charges of New Massive Gravity
18 pages, No figures, RevTEX4.1; ver 2: minor corrections, version accepted for publication in Physical Review D
Phys.RevD.85:064048,2012
10.1103/PhysRevD.85.064048
null
gr-qc hep-th
http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/
We show that the symplectic current obtained from the boundary term, which arises in the first variation of a local diffeomorphism invariant action, is covariantly conserved for any gravity theory described by that action. Therefore, a Poincare invariant 2-form can be constructed on the phase space, which is shown to be closed without reference to a specific theory. Finally, we show that one can obtain a charge expression for gravity theories in various dimensions, which plays the role of the Abbott-Deser-Tekin (ADT) charge for spacetimes with non-constant curvature backgrounds, by using the diffeomorphism invariance of the symplectic 2-form. As an example, we calculate the conserved charges of some solutions of New Massive Gravity (NMG) and compare the results with the previous works.
[ { "created": "Thu, 9 Feb 2012 08:04:16 GMT", "version": "v1" }, { "created": "Thu, 12 Apr 2012 12:29:58 GMT", "version": "v2" } ]
2012-04-13
[ [ "Alkac", "Gokhan", "" ], [ "Devecioglu", "Deniz Olgu", "" ] ]
We show that the symplectic current obtained from the boundary term, which arises in the first variation of a local diffeomorphism invariant action, is covariantly conserved for any gravity theory described by that action. Therefore, a Poincare invariant 2-form can be constructed on the phase space, which is shown to be closed without reference to a specific theory. Finally, we show that one can obtain a charge expression for gravity theories in various dimensions, which plays the role of the Abbott-Deser-Tekin (ADT) charge for spacetimes with non-constant curvature backgrounds, by using the diffeomorphism invariance of the symplectic 2-form. As an example, we calculate the conserved charges of some solutions of New Massive Gravity (NMG) and compare the results with the previous works.
2306.10273
Gamal G.L. Nashed
G.G.L. Nashed
The effect of $f(R,T)$ modified gravity on mass and radius of pulsar HerX1
22 pages, 10 figures, 3 tables
The Astrophysical Journal, 950:129 (2023)
10.3847/1538-4357/acd182
null
gr-qc astro-ph.HE hep-th
http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/
Recent findings from the Neutron Star Interior Composition Explorer (NICER) have opened up opportunities to investigate the potential coupling between matter and geometry, along with its resulting physical implications. Millisecond pulsars serve as an ideal subject for conducting such tests and examining these phenomena. We apply the field equations of modified gravity, $f(R, T)=R+\alpha\, T$ to a spherically symmetric spacetime, where $R$ is the Ricci scalar, $\alpha$ is a dimensional parameter, and $T$ is the matter of the geometry. Five unknown functions are present in the output system of differential equations, which consists of three equations. To close the system, we make explicit assumptions about the anisotropy and the radial metric potential, $g_{rr}$. We then solve the output differential equations and derive the explicit forms of the components of the energy-momentum tensor, namely, density, radial, and tangential pressures.
[ { "created": "Sat, 17 Jun 2023 06:38:22 GMT", "version": "v1" } ]
2023-06-21
[ [ "Nashed", "G. G. L.", "" ] ]
Recent findings from the Neutron Star Interior Composition Explorer (NICER) have opened up opportunities to investigate the potential coupling between matter and geometry, along with its resulting physical implications. Millisecond pulsars serve as an ideal subject for conducting such tests and examining these phenomena. We apply the field equations of modified gravity, $f(R, T)=R+\alpha\, T$ to a spherically symmetric spacetime, where $R$ is the Ricci scalar, $\alpha$ is a dimensional parameter, and $T$ is the matter of the geometry. Five unknown functions are present in the output system of differential equations, which consists of three equations. To close the system, we make explicit assumptions about the anisotropy and the radial metric potential, $g_{rr}$. We then solve the output differential equations and derive the explicit forms of the components of the energy-momentum tensor, namely, density, radial, and tangential pressures.
2010.09918
P. M. Petryakova
P. M. Petryakova
Dynamics of a homogeneous and isotropic space in pure cubic f(R) gravity
null
Physics 2021, 3(2), 379-385
10.3390/physics3020027
null
gr-qc
http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0/
We consider a possible ways of the dynamics of a homogeneous and isotropic space described by the FLRW metric in the framework of cubic f(R) gravity in the absence of matter. This article points an method for limiting the parameters of extended gravity models. We propose and develop a method for f(R) gravity models based on the dynamics of metrics for various model parameters in the simplest example. The influence of parameters and initial conditions on further dynamics are discussed. The parameters can be limited by 1) slow growth of space, 2) instability, 3) divergence with the inflationary scenario.
[ { "created": "Mon, 19 Oct 2020 23:32:56 GMT", "version": "v1" }, { "created": "Wed, 5 May 2021 16:17:06 GMT", "version": "v2" } ]
2023-04-20
[ [ "Petryakova", "P. M.", "" ] ]
We consider a possible ways of the dynamics of a homogeneous and isotropic space described by the FLRW metric in the framework of cubic f(R) gravity in the absence of matter. This article points an method for limiting the parameters of extended gravity models. We propose and develop a method for f(R) gravity models based on the dynamics of metrics for various model parameters in the simplest example. The influence of parameters and initial conditions on further dynamics are discussed. The parameters can be limited by 1) slow growth of space, 2) instability, 3) divergence with the inflationary scenario.
2302.12524
Leandros Perivolaropoulos
L. Perivolaropoulos, I. Antoniou and D. Papadopoulos
Probing dark fluids and modified gravity with gravitational lensing
9 pages, 4 Figures, 2 Tables. Published in MNRAS. The Mathematica files used for the construction of Fig. 2 and 3 may be downloaded from https://github.com/leandros11/lensing1
null
10.1093/mnras/stad1882
null
gr-qc astro-ph.CO physics.space-ph
http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/
We generalize the Rindler-Ishak (2007) result for the lensing deflection angle in a SdS spacetime, to the case of a general spherically symmetric fluid beyond the cosmological constant. We thus derive an analytic expression to first post-Newtonian order for the lensing deflection angle in a general static spherically symmetric metric of the form $ ds^2 = f(r)dt^{2} -\frac{dr^{2}}{f(r)}-r^{2}(d\theta ^2 +\sin ^2 \theta d\phi ^2)$ with $f(r) = 1 - \frac{2m}{r}-\sum_{i} b_i\; r_0^{-q_i}\; \left( \frac{r_0}{r}\right)^{q_i}$ where $r_0$ is the lensing impact parameter, $b_i\ll r_0^{q_i}$, $m$ is the mass of the lens and $q_i$ are real arbitrary constants related to the properties of the fluid that surrounds the lens or to modified gravity. This is a generalization of the well known Kiselev black hole metric. The approximate analytic expression of the deflection angle is verified by an exact numerical derivation and in special cases it reduces to results of previous studies. The density and pressure of the spherically symmetric fluid that induces this metric is derived in terms of the constants $b_i$. The Kiselev case of a Schwarzschild metric perturbed by a general spherically symmetric dark fluid (eg vacuum energy) is studied in some detail and consistency with the special case of Rindler Ishak result is found for the case of a cosmological constant background. Observational data of the Einstein radii from distant clusters of galaxies lead to observational constraints on the constants $b_i$ and through them on the density and pressure of dark fluids, field theories or modified gravity theories that could induce this metric.
[ { "created": "Fri, 24 Feb 2023 09:17:11 GMT", "version": "v1" }, { "created": "Thu, 2 Mar 2023 08:57:49 GMT", "version": "v2" }, { "created": "Sat, 24 Jun 2023 14:57:10 GMT", "version": "v3" } ]
2023-06-28
[ [ "Perivolaropoulos", "L.", "" ], [ "Antoniou", "I.", "" ], [ "Papadopoulos", "D.", "" ] ]
We generalize the Rindler-Ishak (2007) result for the lensing deflection angle in a SdS spacetime, to the case of a general spherically symmetric fluid beyond the cosmological constant. We thus derive an analytic expression to first post-Newtonian order for the lensing deflection angle in a general static spherically symmetric metric of the form $ ds^2 = f(r)dt^{2} -\frac{dr^{2}}{f(r)}-r^{2}(d\theta ^2 +\sin ^2 \theta d\phi ^2)$ with $f(r) = 1 - \frac{2m}{r}-\sum_{i} b_i\; r_0^{-q_i}\; \left( \frac{r_0}{r}\right)^{q_i}$ where $r_0$ is the lensing impact parameter, $b_i\ll r_0^{q_i}$, $m$ is the mass of the lens and $q_i$ are real arbitrary constants related to the properties of the fluid that surrounds the lens or to modified gravity. This is a generalization of the well known Kiselev black hole metric. The approximate analytic expression of the deflection angle is verified by an exact numerical derivation and in special cases it reduces to results of previous studies. The density and pressure of the spherically symmetric fluid that induces this metric is derived in terms of the constants $b_i$. The Kiselev case of a Schwarzschild metric perturbed by a general spherically symmetric dark fluid (eg vacuum energy) is studied in some detail and consistency with the special case of Rindler Ishak result is found for the case of a cosmological constant background. Observational data of the Einstein radii from distant clusters of galaxies lead to observational constraints on the constants $b_i$ and through them on the density and pressure of dark fluids, field theories or modified gravity theories that could induce this metric.
1503.02956
Kirill Bronnikov
K.A. Bronnikov and P.A. Korolyov
Magnetic wormholes and black universes with invisible ghosts
9 pages, 5 figures
Grav. Cosmol. 21 (2), 157-165 (2015)
10.1134/S0202289315020024
null
gr-qc
http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/
We construct explicit examples of globally regular static, spherically symmetric solutions in general relativity with scalar and electromagnetic fields describing traversable wormholes with flat and AdS asymptotics and regular black holes, in particular, black universes. (A black universe is a regular black hole with an expanding, asymptotically isotropic space-time beyond the horizon.) The existence of such objects requires invoking scalars with negative kinetic energy ("phantoms", or "ghosts"), which are not observed under usual physical conditions. To account for that, the so-called "trapped ghosts" were previously introduced, i.e., scalars whose kinetic energy is only negative in a restricted strong-field region of space-time and positive outside it. This approach leads to certain problems, including instability (as is illustrated here by derivation of an effective potential for spherical pertubations of such systems). In this paper, we use for model construction what we call "invisible ghosts", i.e., phantom scalar fields sufficiently rapidly decaying in the weak-field region. The resulting configurations contain different numbers of Killing horizons, from zero to four.
[ { "created": "Tue, 10 Mar 2015 15:41:12 GMT", "version": "v1" } ]
2015-09-07
[ [ "Bronnikov", "K. A.", "" ], [ "Korolyov", "P. A.", "" ] ]
We construct explicit examples of globally regular static, spherically symmetric solutions in general relativity with scalar and electromagnetic fields describing traversable wormholes with flat and AdS asymptotics and regular black holes, in particular, black universes. (A black universe is a regular black hole with an expanding, asymptotically isotropic space-time beyond the horizon.) The existence of such objects requires invoking scalars with negative kinetic energy ("phantoms", or "ghosts"), which are not observed under usual physical conditions. To account for that, the so-called "trapped ghosts" were previously introduced, i.e., scalars whose kinetic energy is only negative in a restricted strong-field region of space-time and positive outside it. This approach leads to certain problems, including instability (as is illustrated here by derivation of an effective potential for spherical pertubations of such systems). In this paper, we use for model construction what we call "invisible ghosts", i.e., phantom scalar fields sufficiently rapidly decaying in the weak-field region. The resulting configurations contain different numbers of Killing horizons, from zero to four.
gr-qc/0108017
Boris Grobov
Elena V. Palesheva
Ghost spinors, shadow electrons and the Deutsch Multiverse
8 pages, LaTeX2e
null
null
null
gr-qc
null
In this article a new solution of the Einstein-Dirac's equations is presented. There are ghost spinors, i.e. the stress-energy tensor is equal to zero and the current of these fields is non-zero vector. Last the ghost neutrino was found. These ghost spinors and shadow particles of Deutsch are identified. And in result the ghost spinors have a physical interpretation and solutions of the field equations for shadow electrons as another shadow particles are found.
[ { "created": "Sun, 5 Aug 2001 15:39:49 GMT", "version": "v1" }, { "created": "Tue, 23 Oct 2001 18:25:54 GMT", "version": "v2" } ]
2007-05-23
[ [ "Palesheva", "Elena V.", "" ] ]
In this article a new solution of the Einstein-Dirac's equations is presented. There are ghost spinors, i.e. the stress-energy tensor is equal to zero and the current of these fields is non-zero vector. Last the ghost neutrino was found. These ghost spinors and shadow particles of Deutsch are identified. And in result the ghost spinors have a physical interpretation and solutions of the field equations for shadow electrons as another shadow particles are found.
1005.2927
Simone Speziale
Carlo Rovelli, Simone Speziale
On the geometry of loop quantum gravity on a graph
6 pages, 1 figure. v2: some typos corrected, references updated
Phys.Rev.D82:044018,2010
10.1103/PhysRevD.82.044018
null
gr-qc hep-th
http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/
We discuss the meaning of geometrical constructions associated to loop quantum gravity states on a graph. In particular, we discuss the "twisted geometries" and derive a simple relation between these and Regge geometries.
[ { "created": "Mon, 17 May 2010 14:11:29 GMT", "version": "v1" }, { "created": "Mon, 2 Aug 2010 14:35:50 GMT", "version": "v2" } ]
2014-11-21
[ [ "Rovelli", "Carlo", "" ], [ "Speziale", "Simone", "" ] ]
We discuss the meaning of geometrical constructions associated to loop quantum gravity states on a graph. In particular, we discuss the "twisted geometries" and derive a simple relation between these and Regge geometries.
gr-qc/0401055
Giovanni Imponente
Giovanni Imponente and Giovanni Montani
General Aspects of the de Sitter phase
30 pages with cimento.cls, no figures, to appear on "Il Nuovo Cimento B"
Nuovo Cim.B120:1085-1114,2005
10.1393/ncb/i2005-10142-0
null
gr-qc astro-ph
null
We present a detailed discussion of the inflationary scenario in the context of inhomogeneous cosmologies. After a review of the fundamental features characterizing the inflationary model, as referred to a homogeneous and isotropic Universe, we develop a generalization in view of including small inhomogeneous corrections in the theory. A second step in our discussion is devoted to show that the inflationary scenario provides a valuable dynamical ``bridge'' between a generic Kasner-like regime and a homogeneous and isotropic Universe in the horizon scale. This result is achieved by solving the Hamilton-Jacobi equation for a Bianchi IX model in the presence of a cosmological space-dependent term. In this respect, we construct a quasi-isotropic inflationary solution based on the expansion of the Einstein equations up to first-two orders of approximation, in which the isotropy of the Universe is due to the dominance of the scalar field kinetic term; the first order of approximation corresponds to the inhomogeneous corrections and is driven by the matter evolution. We show how such a quasi-isotropic solution contains a certain freedom in fixing the space functions involved in the problem. The main physical issue of this analysis corresponds to outline the impossibility for the classical origin of density perturbations, due to the exponential decay of the matter term during the de Sitter phase.
[ { "created": "Tue, 13 Jan 2004 12:05:38 GMT", "version": "v1" } ]
2010-11-11
[ [ "Imponente", "Giovanni", "" ], [ "Montani", "Giovanni", "" ] ]
We present a detailed discussion of the inflationary scenario in the context of inhomogeneous cosmologies. After a review of the fundamental features characterizing the inflationary model, as referred to a homogeneous and isotropic Universe, we develop a generalization in view of including small inhomogeneous corrections in the theory. A second step in our discussion is devoted to show that the inflationary scenario provides a valuable dynamical ``bridge'' between a generic Kasner-like regime and a homogeneous and isotropic Universe in the horizon scale. This result is achieved by solving the Hamilton-Jacobi equation for a Bianchi IX model in the presence of a cosmological space-dependent term. In this respect, we construct a quasi-isotropic inflationary solution based on the expansion of the Einstein equations up to first-two orders of approximation, in which the isotropy of the Universe is due to the dominance of the scalar field kinetic term; the first order of approximation corresponds to the inhomogeneous corrections and is driven by the matter evolution. We show how such a quasi-isotropic solution contains a certain freedom in fixing the space functions involved in the problem. The main physical issue of this analysis corresponds to outline the impossibility for the classical origin of density perturbations, due to the exponential decay of the matter term during the de Sitter phase.
gr-qc/0401030
Claudio Benedito Silva Furtado
A. M. de M. Carvalho, Fernando Moraes, Claudio Furtado
The self-energy of a charged particle in the presence of a topological defect distribution
12 pages, Revtex4, two figures,to appear in Int. Joun. Mod. Phys. A
Int.J.Mod.Phys. A19 (2004) 2113-2122
10.1142/S0217751X04018373
null
gr-qc
null
In this work we study a charged particle in the presence of both a continuous distribution of disclinations and a continuous distribution of edge dislocations in the framework of the geometrical theory of defects. We obtain the self-energy for a single charge both in the internal and external regions of either distribution. For both distributions the result outside the defect distribution is the self-energy that a single charge experiments in the presence of a single defect.
[ { "created": "Fri, 9 Jan 2004 11:32:21 GMT", "version": "v1" } ]
2009-11-10
[ [ "Carvalho", "A. M. de M.", "" ], [ "Moraes", "Fernando", "" ], [ "Furtado", "Claudio", "" ] ]
In this work we study a charged particle in the presence of both a continuous distribution of disclinations and a continuous distribution of edge dislocations in the framework of the geometrical theory of defects. We obtain the self-energy for a single charge both in the internal and external regions of either distribution. For both distributions the result outside the defect distribution is the self-energy that a single charge experiments in the presence of a single defect.
1106.2054
Jonathan Ziprick
C. Danielle Leonard, Jonathan Ziprick, Gabor Kunstatter and Robert B. Mann
Gravitational collapse of K-essence Matter in Painlev\'{e}-Gullstrand coordinates
14 pages, 8 figures
null
10.1007/JHEP10(2011)028
null
gr-qc
http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/
We conduct numerical simulations in Painlev\'{e}-Gullstrand coordinates of a variety of K-essence-type scalar fields under spherically symmetric gravitational collapse. We write down generic conditions on the K-essence lagrangian that can be used to determine whether superluminality and Cauchy breakdown are possible. Consistent with these conditions, for specific choices of K-essence-type fields we verify the presence of superluminality during collapse, while for other type we do not. We also demonstrate that certain choices of K-essence scalar fields present issues under gravitational collapse in Painlev\'{e}-Gullstrand coordinates, such as a breakdown of the Cauchy problem.
[ { "created": "Fri, 10 Jun 2011 13:46:24 GMT", "version": "v1" } ]
2012-05-15
[ [ "Leonard", "C. Danielle", "" ], [ "Ziprick", "Jonathan", "" ], [ "Kunstatter", "Gabor", "" ], [ "Mann", "Robert B.", "" ] ]
We conduct numerical simulations in Painlev\'{e}-Gullstrand coordinates of a variety of K-essence-type scalar fields under spherically symmetric gravitational collapse. We write down generic conditions on the K-essence lagrangian that can be used to determine whether superluminality and Cauchy breakdown are possible. Consistent with these conditions, for specific choices of K-essence-type fields we verify the presence of superluminality during collapse, while for other type we do not. We also demonstrate that certain choices of K-essence scalar fields present issues under gravitational collapse in Painlev\'{e}-Gullstrand coordinates, such as a breakdown of the Cauchy problem.
gr-qc/0011039
Steven Detweiler
Steven Detweiler
Radiation reaction and the self-force for a point mass in general relativity
4 pages, RevTex
Phys.Rev.Lett.86:1931-1934,2001
10.1103/PhysRevLett.86.1931
null
gr-qc
null
A point particle of mass m moving on a geodesic creates a perturbation h, of the spacetime metric g, that diverges at the particle. Simple expressions are given for the singular m/r part of h and its quadrupole distortion caused by the spacetime. Subtracting these from h leaves a remainder h^R that is C^1. The self-force on the particle from its own gravitational field corrects the worldline at O(m) to be a geodesic of g+h^R. For the case that the particle is a small non-rotating black hole, an approximate solution to the Einstein equations is given with error of O(m^2) as m approaches 0.
[ { "created": "Sat, 11 Nov 2000 17:55:22 GMT", "version": "v1" } ]
2010-05-12
[ [ "Detweiler", "Steven", "" ] ]
A point particle of mass m moving on a geodesic creates a perturbation h, of the spacetime metric g, that diverges at the particle. Simple expressions are given for the singular m/r part of h and its quadrupole distortion caused by the spacetime. Subtracting these from h leaves a remainder h^R that is C^1. The self-force on the particle from its own gravitational field corrects the worldline at O(m) to be a geodesic of g+h^R. For the case that the particle is a small non-rotating black hole, an approximate solution to the Einstein equations is given with error of O(m^2) as m approaches 0.
2101.01549
Muhammad Sharif
M. Sharif and Amal Majid
Complexity of Dynamical Sphere in Self-interacting Brans-Dicke Gravity
19 pages, no figure
Eur. Phys. J. C 80(2020)1185
null
null
gr-qc
http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0/
This paper aims to derive a definition of complexity for a dynamic spherical system in the background of self-interacting Brans-Dicke gravity. We measure complexity of the structure in terms of inhomogeneous energy density, anisotropic pressure and massive scalar field. For this purpose, we formulate structure scalars by orthogonally splitting the Riemann tensor. We show that self-gravitating models collapsing homologously follow the simplest mode of evolution. Furthermore, we demonstrate the effect of scalar field on the complexity and evolution of non-dissipative as well as dissipative systems. The criteria under which the system deviates from the initial state of zero complexity is also discussed. It is concluded that complexity of the sphere increases in self-interacting Brans-Dicke gravity because the homologous model is not shear-free.
[ { "created": "Fri, 1 Jan 2021 05:50:45 GMT", "version": "v1" } ]
2021-01-06
[ [ "Sharif", "M.", "" ], [ "Majid", "Amal", "" ] ]
This paper aims to derive a definition of complexity for a dynamic spherical system in the background of self-interacting Brans-Dicke gravity. We measure complexity of the structure in terms of inhomogeneous energy density, anisotropic pressure and massive scalar field. For this purpose, we formulate structure scalars by orthogonally splitting the Riemann tensor. We show that self-gravitating models collapsing homologously follow the simplest mode of evolution. Furthermore, we demonstrate the effect of scalar field on the complexity and evolution of non-dissipative as well as dissipative systems. The criteria under which the system deviates from the initial state of zero complexity is also discussed. It is concluded that complexity of the sphere increases in self-interacting Brans-Dicke gravity because the homologous model is not shear-free.
1903.06037
Arman Stepanian
A. Stepanian
On the invalidity of "negative mass" description of the dark sector
"Mod. Phys. Lett. A, in press"
Mod. Phys.Lett. A, 34, 1975002 (2019)
10.1142/S0217732319750026
null
gr-qc astro-ph.CO
http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/
It is shown that the concept of "negative mass" introduced by Farnes (2018) to describe the dark sector within a unifying theory with the negative cosmological constant contradicts both the essence of the General Relativity and the available observational data. A viable model with modified weak-field General Relativity is mentioned.
[ { "created": "Wed, 13 Mar 2019 14:45:09 GMT", "version": "v1" }, { "created": "Mon, 17 Jun 2019 15:01:18 GMT", "version": "v2" } ]
2020-09-02
[ [ "Stepanian", "A.", "" ] ]
It is shown that the concept of "negative mass" introduced by Farnes (2018) to describe the dark sector within a unifying theory with the negative cosmological constant contradicts both the essence of the General Relativity and the available observational data. A viable model with modified weak-field General Relativity is mentioned.
gr-qc/9210018
Wai Suen
Wai-Mo Suen
Self-Consistence of Semi-Classical Gravity
12 pages
null
null
WUGRAV-92-12
gr-qc
null
Simon argued that the semi-classical theory of gravity, unless with some of its solutions excluded, is unacceptable for reasons of both self-consistency and experiment, and that it has to be replaced by a constrained semi-classical theory. We examined whether the evidence is conclusive.
[ { "created": "Wed, 28 Oct 1992 23:14:22 GMT", "version": "v1" } ]
2007-05-23
[ [ "Suen", "Wai-Mo", "" ] ]
Simon argued that the semi-classical theory of gravity, unless with some of its solutions excluded, is unacceptable for reasons of both self-consistency and experiment, and that it has to be replaced by a constrained semi-classical theory. We examined whether the evidence is conclusive.
2103.13086
Shinta Kasuya
Shinta Kasuya, Masataka Kobayashi
Throat effects on shadows of Kerr-like wormholes
8 pages, 19 figures, matches to published version
Phys. Rev. D 103, 104050 (2021)
10.1103/PhysRevD.103.104050
null
gr-qc astro-ph.CO
http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/
We revisit to investigate shadows cast by Kerr-like wormholes. The boundary of the shadow is determined by unstable circular photon orbits. We find that, in certain parameter regions, the orbit is located at the throat of the Kerr-like wormhole, which was not considered in the literature. In these cases, the existence of the throat alters the shape of the shadow significantly, and makes it possible for us to differentiate it from that of a Kerr black hole.
[ { "created": "Wed, 24 Mar 2021 11:00:54 GMT", "version": "v1" }, { "created": "Sun, 25 Apr 2021 09:48:38 GMT", "version": "v2" }, { "created": "Thu, 27 May 2021 07:15:14 GMT", "version": "v3" } ]
2021-05-28
[ [ "Kasuya", "Shinta", "" ], [ "Kobayashi", "Masataka", "" ] ]
We revisit to investigate shadows cast by Kerr-like wormholes. The boundary of the shadow is determined by unstable circular photon orbits. We find that, in certain parameter regions, the orbit is located at the throat of the Kerr-like wormhole, which was not considered in the literature. In these cases, the existence of the throat alters the shape of the shadow significantly, and makes it possible for us to differentiate it from that of a Kerr black hole.
2210.16143
Guo-Chin Liu
Guo-Chin Liu and Kin-Wang Ng
Overlap reduction functions for a polarized stochastic gravitational-wave background in the Einstein Telescope-Cosmic Explorer and the LISA-Taiji networks
Accepted in PRD
null
10.1103/PhysRevD.107.104040
null
gr-qc astro-ph.IM
http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/
The detection of gravitational waves from the coalescences of binary compact stars by current interferometry experiments has opened up a new era of gravitational-wave astrophysics and cosmology. The search for a stochastic gravitational-wave background is underway by correlating signals from a pair of detectors in the detector network formed by the LIGO, Virgo, and KAGRA. In a previous work, we have developed a method based on spherical harmonic expansion to calculate the overlap reduction functions of the LIGO-Virgo-KAGRA network for a polarized stochastic gravitational-wave background. In this work, we will apply the method to calculate the overlap reduction functions of third-generation detectors such as a ground-based network linking the Einstein Telescope, the Cosmic Explorer, and the LISA-Taiji joint space mission.
[ { "created": "Fri, 28 Oct 2022 14:13:28 GMT", "version": "v1" }, { "created": "Sun, 4 Jun 2023 00:57:28 GMT", "version": "v2" } ]
2023-06-06
[ [ "Liu", "Guo-Chin", "" ], [ "Ng", "Kin-Wang", "" ] ]
The detection of gravitational waves from the coalescences of binary compact stars by current interferometry experiments has opened up a new era of gravitational-wave astrophysics and cosmology. The search for a stochastic gravitational-wave background is underway by correlating signals from a pair of detectors in the detector network formed by the LIGO, Virgo, and KAGRA. In a previous work, we have developed a method based on spherical harmonic expansion to calculate the overlap reduction functions of the LIGO-Virgo-KAGRA network for a polarized stochastic gravitational-wave background. In this work, we will apply the method to calculate the overlap reduction functions of third-generation detectors such as a ground-based network linking the Einstein Telescope, the Cosmic Explorer, and the LISA-Taiji joint space mission.
gr-qc/0303082
Antonio Padilla
Antonio Padilla
Surface terms and the Gauss-Bonnet Hamiltonian
Version to appear in Classical and Quantum Gravity. Note that this version is 8 pages shorter than version 1, making it more suitable for the journal. Anyone wishing more calculational detail should refer to version 1. Some references have also been added
Class.Quant.Grav. 20 (2003) 3129-3150
10.1088/0264-9381/20/14/315
null
gr-qc hep-th
null
We derive the gravitational Hamiltonian starting from the Gauss-Bonnet action, keeping track of all surface terms. This is done using the language of orthonormal frames and forms to keep things as tidy as possible. The surface terms in the Hamiltonian give a remarkably simple expression for the total energy of a spacetime. This expression is consistent with energy expressions found in hep-th/0212292. However, we can apply our results whatever the choice of background and whatever the symmetries of the spacetime.
[ { "created": "Thu, 20 Mar 2003 17:55:36 GMT", "version": "v1" }, { "created": "Mon, 16 Jun 2003 15:55:24 GMT", "version": "v2" } ]
2009-11-10
[ [ "Padilla", "Antonio", "" ] ]
We derive the gravitational Hamiltonian starting from the Gauss-Bonnet action, keeping track of all surface terms. This is done using the language of orthonormal frames and forms to keep things as tidy as possible. The surface terms in the Hamiltonian give a remarkably simple expression for the total energy of a spacetime. This expression is consistent with energy expressions found in hep-th/0212292. However, we can apply our results whatever the choice of background and whatever the symmetries of the spacetime.
2207.08471
Javier Relancio
J.J. Relancio
Relativistic deformed kinematics: from flat to curved spacetimes
34 pages, 1 figure
International Journal of Geometric Methods in Modern Physics Vol.19 No. 9 (2022), 2230004
10.1142/S0219887822300045
null
gr-qc hep-th
http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/
Doubly special relativity has been studied for the last twenty years as a way to go beyond the special relativistic kinematics, trying to capture residual effects of a quantum gravity theory. In particular, in doubly special relativity the Einstenian relativity principle is generalized, adding to the speed of light another relativistic invariant, the Planck energy. There are several papers in the literature showing a connection between this deformed kinematics and a curved momentum space. Here we review how such kinematics can be derived from geometrical ingredients in a rigorous way, and how they can be generalized when regarding a curved spacetime. For the last aim, it is mandatory to consider a particular geometry for all phase-space variables, the so-called generalized Hamilton spaces. This construction allows us to define a spacetime in these theories, which in fact depends on the momenta. Then, starting from such a momentum dependent metric, we also revise several concepts of general relativity, with the final aim of establishing a self-consistent geometrical structure from which quantum gravity phenomenology can be explored.
[ { "created": "Mon, 18 Jul 2022 09:48:00 GMT", "version": "v1" } ]
2022-07-19
[ [ "Relancio", "J. J.", "" ] ]
Doubly special relativity has been studied for the last twenty years as a way to go beyond the special relativistic kinematics, trying to capture residual effects of a quantum gravity theory. In particular, in doubly special relativity the Einstenian relativity principle is generalized, adding to the speed of light another relativistic invariant, the Planck energy. There are several papers in the literature showing a connection between this deformed kinematics and a curved momentum space. Here we review how such kinematics can be derived from geometrical ingredients in a rigorous way, and how they can be generalized when regarding a curved spacetime. For the last aim, it is mandatory to consider a particular geometry for all phase-space variables, the so-called generalized Hamilton spaces. This construction allows us to define a spacetime in these theories, which in fact depends on the momenta. Then, starting from such a momentum dependent metric, we also revise several concepts of general relativity, with the final aim of establishing a self-consistent geometrical structure from which quantum gravity phenomenology can be explored.
2310.16031
Adri\`a Delhom
Adri\`a Delhom, Killian Guerrero, Paula Calizaya, K\'evin Falque, Alberto Bramati, Anthony J. Brady, Maxime J. Jacquet and Ivan Agullo
Entanglement from superradiance and rotating quantum fluids of light
Updated to match published version. 13 pages with 10 figures (main body of the article) + 11 pages (references + appendices with two extra figures and a table with numerical data)
null
10.1103/PhysRevD.109.105024
null
gr-qc cond-mat.quant-gas hep-th quant-ph
http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/
The amplification of radiation by superradiance is a universal phenomenon observed in numerous physical systems. We demonstrate that superradiant scattering generates entanglement for different input states, including coherent states, thereby establishing the inherently quantum nature of this phenomenon. To put these concepts to the test, we propose a novel approach to create horizonless ergoregions, which are nonetheless dynamically stable thanks to the dissipative dynamics of a polaritonic fluid of light. We numerically simulate the system to demonstrate the creation of a stable ergoregion. Subsequently, we investigate rotational superradiance within this system, with a primary focus on entanglement generation and the possibilities for its enhancement using current techniques. Our methods permit the investigation of quantum emission by rotational superradiance in state-of-the-art experiments, in which the input state can be controlled at will.
[ { "created": "Tue, 24 Oct 2023 17:46:24 GMT", "version": "v1" }, { "created": "Fri, 9 Feb 2024 19:40:35 GMT", "version": "v2" }, { "created": "Wed, 29 May 2024 09:41:50 GMT", "version": "v3" } ]
2024-05-30
[ [ "Delhom", "Adrià", "" ], [ "Guerrero", "Killian", "" ], [ "Calizaya", "Paula", "" ], [ "Falque", "Kévin", "" ], [ "Bramati", "Alberto", "" ], [ "Brady", "Anthony J.", "" ], [ "Jacquet", "Maxime J.", "" ],...
The amplification of radiation by superradiance is a universal phenomenon observed in numerous physical systems. We demonstrate that superradiant scattering generates entanglement for different input states, including coherent states, thereby establishing the inherently quantum nature of this phenomenon. To put these concepts to the test, we propose a novel approach to create horizonless ergoregions, which are nonetheless dynamically stable thanks to the dissipative dynamics of a polaritonic fluid of light. We numerically simulate the system to demonstrate the creation of a stable ergoregion. Subsequently, we investigate rotational superradiance within this system, with a primary focus on entanglement generation and the possibilities for its enhancement using current techniques. Our methods permit the investigation of quantum emission by rotational superradiance in state-of-the-art experiments, in which the input state can be controlled at will.
2407.00767
Yin-Da Guo
Yin-Da Guo, Nayun Jia, Shou-Shan Bao, Hong Zhang, Xin Zhang
The evolution and detection of vector superradiant instabilities
23 pages, 15 figures
null
null
null
gr-qc hep-ph
http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/
Ultralight vectors can extract energy and angular momentum from a Kerr black hole (BH) due to superradiant instability, resulting in the formation of a BH-condensate system. In this work, we carefully investigate the evolution of this system numerically with multiple superradiant modes. Simple formulas are obtained to estimate important timescales, maximum masses of different modes, as well as the BH mass and spin at various times. Due to the coexistence of modes with small frequency differences, the BH-condensate system emits gravitational waves with a unique beat signature, which could be directly observed by current and projected interferometers. Besides, the current BH spin-mass data from the binary BH merger events already excludes the vector mass in the range $5\times 10^{-15}\ \mathrm{eV} <\mu< 9\times 10^{-12}\ \mathrm{eV}$.
[ { "created": "Sun, 30 Jun 2024 17:05:23 GMT", "version": "v1" } ]
2024-07-02
[ [ "Guo", "Yin-Da", "" ], [ "Jia", "Nayun", "" ], [ "Bao", "Shou-Shan", "" ], [ "Zhang", "Hong", "" ], [ "Zhang", "Xin", "" ] ]
Ultralight vectors can extract energy and angular momentum from a Kerr black hole (BH) due to superradiant instability, resulting in the formation of a BH-condensate system. In this work, we carefully investigate the evolution of this system numerically with multiple superradiant modes. Simple formulas are obtained to estimate important timescales, maximum masses of different modes, as well as the BH mass and spin at various times. Due to the coexistence of modes with small frequency differences, the BH-condensate system emits gravitational waves with a unique beat signature, which could be directly observed by current and projected interferometers. Besides, the current BH spin-mass data from the binary BH merger events already excludes the vector mass in the range $5\times 10^{-15}\ \mathrm{eV} <\mu< 9\times 10^{-12}\ \mathrm{eV}$.
2212.10725
Kallol Dey
Kallol Dey, Enrico Barausse and Soumen Basak
Measuring deviations from the Kerr geometry with black hole ringdown
15 pages, 6 figures, matches version published in PRD
Phys. Rev. D 108 (2023) 2, 024064
10.1103/PhysRevD.108.024064
null
gr-qc
http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/
Black holes in General Relativity are famously characterized by two "hairs" only, the mass and the spin of the Kerr spacetime. Theories extending General Relativity, however, allow in principle for additional black hole charges, which will generally modify the multipole structure of the Kerr solution. Here, we show that gravitational wave observations of the post-merger ringdown signal from black hole binaries may permit measuring these additional "hairs". We do so by considering spacetime geometries differing from the Kerr one at the level of the quadrupole moment, and computing the differences of their quasinormal mode frequencies from the Kerr ones in the eikonal limit. We then perform a Bayesian analysis with current and future gravitational wave data and compute posterior constraints for the quadrupole deviation away from Kerr. We find that the inclusion of higher modes, which are potentially observable by future detectors, will allow for constraining deviations from the Kerr quadrupole at percent level.
[ { "created": "Wed, 21 Dec 2022 02:40:23 GMT", "version": "v1" }, { "created": "Mon, 7 Aug 2023 08:57:18 GMT", "version": "v2" } ]
2023-08-08
[ [ "Dey", "Kallol", "" ], [ "Barausse", "Enrico", "" ], [ "Basak", "Soumen", "" ] ]
Black holes in General Relativity are famously characterized by two "hairs" only, the mass and the spin of the Kerr spacetime. Theories extending General Relativity, however, allow in principle for additional black hole charges, which will generally modify the multipole structure of the Kerr solution. Here, we show that gravitational wave observations of the post-merger ringdown signal from black hole binaries may permit measuring these additional "hairs". We do so by considering spacetime geometries differing from the Kerr one at the level of the quadrupole moment, and computing the differences of their quasinormal mode frequencies from the Kerr ones in the eikonal limit. We then perform a Bayesian analysis with current and future gravitational wave data and compute posterior constraints for the quadrupole deviation away from Kerr. We find that the inclusion of higher modes, which are potentially observable by future detectors, will allow for constraining deviations from the Kerr quadrupole at percent level.
1609.09243
Rakesh Kabir
R. Kabir, A. Mukherjee, D. Lohiya
Reheating constraints on K\"ahler Moduli Inflation
10 pages, 6 figures; v(2) submitted to PLB. arXiv admin note: text overlap with arXiv:1502.04673, arXiv:1602.07427 by other authors
null
null
null
gr-qc
http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/
The end of inflation is connected to the standard cosmological scenario through reheating. During reheating, the inflaton oscillates around the minimum of the potential and thus decays into the daughter particles that populate the Universe at later times. Using cosmological evolution for observable CMB scales from the time of Hubble crossing to the present time, we translate the constraint on the spectral index $n_s$ from Planck data to the constraint on the reheating scenario in the context of K\"ahler Moduli Inflation. In addition, we extend the de-facto analysis generally done only for the pivot scale to all the observable scales which crossed the Hubble radius during inflation. We study how the maximum number of e-folds varies for different scales, and the effect of the equation of state and potential parameters.
[ { "created": "Thu, 29 Sep 2016 08:01:56 GMT", "version": "v1" }, { "created": "Tue, 18 Oct 2016 06:43:11 GMT", "version": "v2" } ]
2016-10-19
[ [ "Kabir", "R.", "" ], [ "Mukherjee", "A.", "" ], [ "Lohiya", "D.", "" ] ]
The end of inflation is connected to the standard cosmological scenario through reheating. During reheating, the inflaton oscillates around the minimum of the potential and thus decays into the daughter particles that populate the Universe at later times. Using cosmological evolution for observable CMB scales from the time of Hubble crossing to the present time, we translate the constraint on the spectral index $n_s$ from Planck data to the constraint on the reheating scenario in the context of K\"ahler Moduli Inflation. In addition, we extend the de-facto analysis generally done only for the pivot scale to all the observable scales which crossed the Hubble radius during inflation. We study how the maximum number of e-folds varies for different scales, and the effect of the equation of state and potential parameters.
1805.12558
Anne Franzen
Artur Alho, Grigorios Fournodavlos and Anne T. Franzen
The wave equation near flat Friedmann-Lema\^itre-Robertson-Walker and Kasner Big Bang singularities
14 pages, 1 figure
null
null
null
gr-qc astro-ph.CO math-ph math.AP math.MP
http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/
We consider the wave equation, $\square_g\psi=0$, in fixed flat Friedmann-Lema\^itre-Robertson-Walker and Kasner spacetimes with topology $\mathbb{R}_+\times\mathbb{T}^3$. We obtain generic blow up results for solutions to the wave equation towards the Big Bang singularity in both backgrounds. In particular, we characterize open sets of initial data prescribed at a spacelike hypersurface close to the singularity, which give rise to solutions that blow up in an open set of the Big Bang hypersurface $\{t=0\}$. The initial data sets are characterized by the condition that the Neumann data should dominate, in an appropriate $L^2$-sense, up to two spatial derivatives of the Dirichlet data. For these initial configurations, the $L^2(\mathbb{T}^3)$ norms of the solutions blow up towards the Big Bang hypersurfaces of FLRW and Kasner with inverse polynomial and logarithmic rates respectively. Our method is based on deriving suitably weighted energy estimates in physical space. No symmetries of solutions are assumed.
[ { "created": "Thu, 31 May 2018 16:55:59 GMT", "version": "v1" }, { "created": "Fri, 1 Jun 2018 09:36:10 GMT", "version": "v2" } ]
2018-06-04
[ [ "Alho", "Artur", "" ], [ "Fournodavlos", "Grigorios", "" ], [ "Franzen", "Anne T.", "" ] ]
We consider the wave equation, $\square_g\psi=0$, in fixed flat Friedmann-Lema\^itre-Robertson-Walker and Kasner spacetimes with topology $\mathbb{R}_+\times\mathbb{T}^3$. We obtain generic blow up results for solutions to the wave equation towards the Big Bang singularity in both backgrounds. In particular, we characterize open sets of initial data prescribed at a spacelike hypersurface close to the singularity, which give rise to solutions that blow up in an open set of the Big Bang hypersurface $\{t=0\}$. The initial data sets are characterized by the condition that the Neumann data should dominate, in an appropriate $L^2$-sense, up to two spatial derivatives of the Dirichlet data. For these initial configurations, the $L^2(\mathbb{T}^3)$ norms of the solutions blow up towards the Big Bang hypersurfaces of FLRW and Kasner with inverse polynomial and logarithmic rates respectively. Our method is based on deriving suitably weighted energy estimates in physical space. No symmetries of solutions are assumed.
gr-qc/0308054
L. K. Chavda
L.K.Chavda and Abhijit L.Chavda
Dark matter and stable bound states of primordial black holes
13 pages,2tables,for wider circulation,PDF
Class.Quant.Grav. 19 (2002) 2927
10.1088/0264-9381/19/11/311
null
gr-qc astro-ph astro-ph.CO
null
We present three reasons for the formation of gravitational bound states of primordial black holes,called holeums,in the early universe.Using Newtonian gravity and nonrelativistic quantum mechanics we find a purely quantum mechanical mass-dependant exclusion property for the nonoverlap of the constituent black holes in a holeum.This ensures that the holeum occupies space just like ordinary matter.A holeum emits only gravitational radiation whose spectrum is an exact analogue of that of a hydrogen atom. A part of this spectrum lies in the region accessible to the detectors being built.The holeums would form haloes around the galaxies and would be an important component of the dark matter in the universe today.They may also be the constituents of the invisible domain walls in the universe.
[ { "created": "Sun, 17 Aug 2003 16:05:54 GMT", "version": "v1" } ]
2014-02-11
[ [ "Chavda", "L. K.", "" ], [ "Chavda", "Abhijit L.", "" ] ]
We present three reasons for the formation of gravitational bound states of primordial black holes,called holeums,in the early universe.Using Newtonian gravity and nonrelativistic quantum mechanics we find a purely quantum mechanical mass-dependant exclusion property for the nonoverlap of the constituent black holes in a holeum.This ensures that the holeum occupies space just like ordinary matter.A holeum emits only gravitational radiation whose spectrum is an exact analogue of that of a hydrogen atom. A part of this spectrum lies in the region accessible to the detectors being built.The holeums would form haloes around the galaxies and would be an important component of the dark matter in the universe today.They may also be the constituents of the invisible domain walls in the universe.
2301.12455
Jonathan Gorard
Jonathan Gorard, Julia Dannemann-Freitag
Axiomatic Quantum Field Theory in Discrete Spacetime via Multiway Causal Structure: The Case of Entanglement Entropies
93 pages, 30 figures
null
null
null
gr-qc cs.DM
http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/
The causal set and Wolfram model approaches to discrete quantum gravity both permit the formulation of a manifestly covariant notion of entanglement entropy for quantum fields. In the causal set case, this is given by a construction (due to Sorkin and Johnston) of a 2-point correlation function for a Gaussian scalar field from causal set Feynman propagators and Pauli-Jordan functions, from which an eigendecomposition, and hence an entanglement entropy, can be computed. In the Wolfram model case, it is given instead in terms of the Fubini-Study metric on branchial graphs, whose tensor product structure is inherited functorially from that of finite-dimensional Hilbert spaces. In both cases, the entanglement entropies in question are most naturally defined over an extended spacetime region (hence the manifest covariance), in contrast to the generically non-covariant definitions over single spacelike hypersurfaces common to most continuum quantum field theories. In this article, we show how an axiomatic field theory for a free, massless scalar field (obeying the appropriate bosonic commutation relations) may be rigorously constructed over multiway causal graphs: a combinatorial structure sufficiently general as to encompass both causal sets and Wolfram model evolutions as special cases. We proceed to show numerically that the entanglement entropies computed using both the Sorkin-Johnston approach and the branchial graph approach are monotonically related for a large class of Wolfram model evolution rules. We also prove a special case of this monotonic relationship using a recent geometrical entanglement monotone proposed by Cocchiarella et al.
[ { "created": "Sun, 29 Jan 2023 14:37:30 GMT", "version": "v1" } ]
2023-01-31
[ [ "Gorard", "Jonathan", "" ], [ "Dannemann-Freitag", "Julia", "" ] ]
The causal set and Wolfram model approaches to discrete quantum gravity both permit the formulation of a manifestly covariant notion of entanglement entropy for quantum fields. In the causal set case, this is given by a construction (due to Sorkin and Johnston) of a 2-point correlation function for a Gaussian scalar field from causal set Feynman propagators and Pauli-Jordan functions, from which an eigendecomposition, and hence an entanglement entropy, can be computed. In the Wolfram model case, it is given instead in terms of the Fubini-Study metric on branchial graphs, whose tensor product structure is inherited functorially from that of finite-dimensional Hilbert spaces. In both cases, the entanglement entropies in question are most naturally defined over an extended spacetime region (hence the manifest covariance), in contrast to the generically non-covariant definitions over single spacelike hypersurfaces common to most continuum quantum field theories. In this article, we show how an axiomatic field theory for a free, massless scalar field (obeying the appropriate bosonic commutation relations) may be rigorously constructed over multiway causal graphs: a combinatorial structure sufficiently general as to encompass both causal sets and Wolfram model evolutions as special cases. We proceed to show numerically that the entanglement entropies computed using both the Sorkin-Johnston approach and the branchial graph approach are monotonically related for a large class of Wolfram model evolution rules. We also prove a special case of this monotonic relationship using a recent geometrical entanglement monotone proposed by Cocchiarella et al.
gr-qc/0512139
Matt Visser
Stefano Liberati (SISSA/ISAS and INFN, Trieste), Matt Visser (Victoria University of Wellington, New Zealand), Silke Weinfurtner (Victoria University of Wellington, New Zealand)
Naturalness in emergent spacetime
V1:4 pages, revtex4; V2: slight changes in title, presentation, and conclusions. This version to appear in Physical Review Letters
Phys.Rev.Lett. 96 (2006) 151301
10.1103/PhysRevLett.96.151301
null
gr-qc
null
Effective field theories (EFTs) have been widely used as a framework in order to place constraints on the Planck suppressed Lorentz violations predicted by various models of quantum gravity. There are however technical problems in the EFT framework when it comes to ensuring that small Lorentz violations remain small -- this is the essence of the "naturalness" problem. Herein we present an "emergent" space-time model, based on the "analogue gravity'' programme, by investigating a specific condensed-matter system that is in principle capable of simulating the salient features of an EFT framework with Lorentz violations. Specifically, we consider the class of two-component BECs subject to laser-induced transitions between the components, and we show that this model is an example for Lorentz invariance violation due to ultraviolet physics. Furthermore our model explicitly avoids the "naturalness problem", and makes specific suggestions regarding how to construct a physically reasonable quantum gravity phenomenology.
[ { "created": "Thu, 22 Dec 2005 21:36:59 GMT", "version": "v1" }, { "created": "Fri, 17 Mar 2006 00:07:39 GMT", "version": "v2" } ]
2009-11-11
[ [ "Liberati", "Stefano", "", "SISSA/ISAS and INFN, Trieste" ], [ "Visser", "Matt", "", "Victoria\n University of Wellington, New Zealand" ], [ "Weinfurtner", "Silke", "", "Victoria\n University of Wellington, New Zealand" ] ]
Effective field theories (EFTs) have been widely used as a framework in order to place constraints on the Planck suppressed Lorentz violations predicted by various models of quantum gravity. There are however technical problems in the EFT framework when it comes to ensuring that small Lorentz violations remain small -- this is the essence of the "naturalness" problem. Herein we present an "emergent" space-time model, based on the "analogue gravity'' programme, by investigating a specific condensed-matter system that is in principle capable of simulating the salient features of an EFT framework with Lorentz violations. Specifically, we consider the class of two-component BECs subject to laser-induced transitions between the components, and we show that this model is an example for Lorentz invariance violation due to ultraviolet physics. Furthermore our model explicitly avoids the "naturalness problem", and makes specific suggestions regarding how to construct a physically reasonable quantum gravity phenomenology.
gr-qc/9605036
Robin W. Tucker
T Dereli, J Schray, Robin W Tucker
Finite Action Yang-Mills Solutions on the Group Manifold
10 pages LaTeX (REVTeX3.0, No Figures), To appear in J. Physics A: Mathematical and General
J.Phys.A29:5001-5005,1996
10.1088/0305-4470/29/16/021
null
gr-qc
null
We demonstrate that the left (and right) invariant Maurer-Cartan forms for any semi-simple Lie group enable one to construct solutions of the Yang-Mills equations on the group manifold equipped with the natural Cartan-Killing metric. For the unitary unimodular groups the Yang-Mills action integral is finite for such solutions. This is explicitly exhibited for the case of $SU(3)$.
[ { "created": "Fri, 17 May 1996 13:06:08 GMT", "version": "v1" } ]
2008-11-26
[ [ "Dereli", "T", "" ], [ "Schray", "J", "" ], [ "Tucker", "Robin W", "" ] ]
We demonstrate that the left (and right) invariant Maurer-Cartan forms for any semi-simple Lie group enable one to construct solutions of the Yang-Mills equations on the group manifold equipped with the natural Cartan-Killing metric. For the unitary unimodular groups the Yang-Mills action integral is finite for such solutions. This is explicitly exhibited for the case of $SU(3)$.
1507.06727
Qing-Yu Cai
Dongshan He, Dongfeng Gao and Qing-yu Cai
Dynamical interpretation of the wavefunction of the universe
null
Phys. Lett. B 748, 361-365 (2015)
10.1016/j.physletb.2015.07.029
null
gr-qc astro-ph.CO hep-th quant-ph
http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/
In this paper, we study the physical meaning of the wavefunction of the universe. With the continuity equation derived from the Wheeler-DeWitt (WDW) equation in the minisuperspace model, we show that the quantity $\rho(a)=|\psi(a)|^2$ for the universe is inversely proportional to the Hubble parameter of the universe. Thus, $\rho(a)$ represents the probability density of the universe staying in the state $a$ during its evolution, which we call the dynamical interpretation of the wavefunction of the universe. We demonstrate that the dynamical interpretation can predict the evolution laws of the universe in the classical limit as those given by the Friedmann equation. Furthermore, we show that the value of the operator ordering factor $p$ in the WDW equation can be determined to be $p=-2$.
[ { "created": "Fri, 24 Jul 2015 02:26:19 GMT", "version": "v1" } ]
2015-07-27
[ [ "He", "Dongshan", "" ], [ "Gao", "Dongfeng", "" ], [ "Cai", "Qing-yu", "" ] ]
In this paper, we study the physical meaning of the wavefunction of the universe. With the continuity equation derived from the Wheeler-DeWitt (WDW) equation in the minisuperspace model, we show that the quantity $\rho(a)=|\psi(a)|^2$ for the universe is inversely proportional to the Hubble parameter of the universe. Thus, $\rho(a)$ represents the probability density of the universe staying in the state $a$ during its evolution, which we call the dynamical interpretation of the wavefunction of the universe. We demonstrate that the dynamical interpretation can predict the evolution laws of the universe in the classical limit as those given by the Friedmann equation. Furthermore, we show that the value of the operator ordering factor $p$ in the WDW equation can be determined to be $p=-2$.
2401.13972
Umber Sheikh
Wasib Ali and Umber Sheikh
Charged Strange Star Model with Stringy Quark Matter in Rainbow Gravity
17 pages, 18 figures
null
null
null
gr-qc
http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/
This study deals with the formation and evolution of a strange star in the Krori Barua Rainbow spacetime from collapsing charged stringy quark matter. The dynamical variables are explored from the field equations, taking into account the effects of particle's energy on the mass density, pressure, and string tension. The electric field is also computed using the MIT Bag model. The real time data of SAX J1808.4-3658 is used to analyzed the physical properties including gradients, energy conditions, anisotropy, stability, Tolman Oppenheimer Volkoff equation, mass function, compactness, and red-shift. The graphical analysis has been made according to both the theories of rainbow gravity and general relativity. The energy conditions and anisotropy are found to be satisfied, indicating the physical existence of suggested model. Tolman Oppenheimer Volkoff equation is satisfied indicating equilibrium of forces and stability of the compact object. Overall, our model is consistent with the observational information of SAX J1808.4-3658.
[ { "created": "Thu, 25 Jan 2024 06:07:22 GMT", "version": "v1" } ]
2024-01-26
[ [ "Ali", "Wasib", "" ], [ "Sheikh", "Umber", "" ] ]
This study deals with the formation and evolution of a strange star in the Krori Barua Rainbow spacetime from collapsing charged stringy quark matter. The dynamical variables are explored from the field equations, taking into account the effects of particle's energy on the mass density, pressure, and string tension. The electric field is also computed using the MIT Bag model. The real time data of SAX J1808.4-3658 is used to analyzed the physical properties including gradients, energy conditions, anisotropy, stability, Tolman Oppenheimer Volkoff equation, mass function, compactness, and red-shift. The graphical analysis has been made according to both the theories of rainbow gravity and general relativity. The energy conditions and anisotropy are found to be satisfied, indicating the physical existence of suggested model. Tolman Oppenheimer Volkoff equation is satisfied indicating equilibrium of forces and stability of the compact object. Overall, our model is consistent with the observational information of SAX J1808.4-3658.
1709.02768
Anna M. Nobili
Anna M. Nobili and Alberto Anselmi
Relevance of the weak equivalence principle and experiments to test it: lessons from the past and improvements expected in space
To appear: Physics Letters A, special issue in memory of Professor Vladimir Braginsky, 2017. Available online: http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.physleta.2017.09.027
null
10.1016/j.physleta.2017.09.027
null
gr-qc
http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/
Tests of the Weak Equivalence Principle (WEP) probe the foundations of physics. Ever since Galileo in the early 1600s, WEP tests have attracted some of the best experimentalists of any time. Progress has come in bursts, each stimulated by the introduction of a new technique: the torsion balance, signal modulation by Earth rotation, the rotating torsion balance. Tests for various materials in the field of the Earth and the Sun have found no violation to the level of about 1 part in 1e13. A different technique, Lunar Laser Ranging (LLR), has reached comparable precision. Today, both laboratory tests and LLR have reached a point when improving by a factor of 10 is extremely hard. The promise of another quantum leap in precision rests on experiments performed in low Earth orbit. The Microscope satellite, launched in April 2016 and currently taking data, aims to test WEP in the field of Earth to 1e-15, a 100-fold improvement possible thanks to a driving signal in orbit almost 500 times stronger than for torsion balances on ground. The `Galileo Galilei' (GG) experiment, by combining the advantages of space with those of the rotating torsion balance, aims at a WEP test 100 times more precise than Microscope, to 1e-17. A quantitative comparison of the key issues in the two experiments is presented, along with recent experimental measurements relevant for GG. Early results from Microscope, reported at a conference in March 2017, show measurement performance close to the expectations and confirm the key role of rotation with the advantage (unique to space) of rotating the whole spacecraft. Any non-null result from Microscope would be a major discovery and call for urgent confirmation; with 100 times better precision GG could settle the matter and provide a deeper probe of the foundations of physics.
[ { "created": "Fri, 8 Sep 2017 16:38:41 GMT", "version": "v1" }, { "created": "Sun, 1 Oct 2017 16:38:06 GMT", "version": "v2" } ]
2018-08-01
[ [ "Nobili", "Anna M.", "" ], [ "Anselmi", "Alberto", "" ] ]
Tests of the Weak Equivalence Principle (WEP) probe the foundations of physics. Ever since Galileo in the early 1600s, WEP tests have attracted some of the best experimentalists of any time. Progress has come in bursts, each stimulated by the introduction of a new technique: the torsion balance, signal modulation by Earth rotation, the rotating torsion balance. Tests for various materials in the field of the Earth and the Sun have found no violation to the level of about 1 part in 1e13. A different technique, Lunar Laser Ranging (LLR), has reached comparable precision. Today, both laboratory tests and LLR have reached a point when improving by a factor of 10 is extremely hard. The promise of another quantum leap in precision rests on experiments performed in low Earth orbit. The Microscope satellite, launched in April 2016 and currently taking data, aims to test WEP in the field of Earth to 1e-15, a 100-fold improvement possible thanks to a driving signal in orbit almost 500 times stronger than for torsion balances on ground. The `Galileo Galilei' (GG) experiment, by combining the advantages of space with those of the rotating torsion balance, aims at a WEP test 100 times more precise than Microscope, to 1e-17. A quantitative comparison of the key issues in the two experiments is presented, along with recent experimental measurements relevant for GG. Early results from Microscope, reported at a conference in March 2017, show measurement performance close to the expectations and confirm the key role of rotation with the advantage (unique to space) of rotating the whole spacecraft. Any non-null result from Microscope would be a major discovery and call for urgent confirmation; with 100 times better precision GG could settle the matter and provide a deeper probe of the foundations of physics.
1209.1701
Jan Weenink
Tomislav Prokopec and Jan Weenink
Uniqueness of the gauge invariant action for cosmological perturbations
27 pages
null
10.1088/1475-7516/2012/12/031
null
gr-qc astro-ph.CO hep-th
http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/
In second order perturbation theory different definitions are known of gauge invariant perturbations in single field inflationary models. Consequently the corresponding gauge invariant cubic actions do not have the same form. Here we show that the cubic action for one choice of gauge invariant variables is unique in the following sense: the action for any other, non-linearly related variable can be brought to the same bulk action, plus additional boundary terms. These boundary terms correspond to the choice of hypersurface and generate extra, disconnected contributions to the bispectrum. We also discuss uniqueness of the action with respect to conformal frames. When expressed in terms of the gauge invariant curvature perturbation on uniform field hypersurfaces the action for cosmological perturbations has a unique form, independent of the original Einstein or Jordan frame. Crucial is that the gauge invariant comoving curvature perturbation is frame independent, which makes it extremely helpful in showing the quantum equivalence of the two frames, and therefore in calculating quantum effects in nonminimally coupled theories such as Higss inflation.
[ { "created": "Sat, 8 Sep 2012 10:21:44 GMT", "version": "v1" } ]
2015-06-11
[ [ "Prokopec", "Tomislav", "" ], [ "Weenink", "Jan", "" ] ]
In second order perturbation theory different definitions are known of gauge invariant perturbations in single field inflationary models. Consequently the corresponding gauge invariant cubic actions do not have the same form. Here we show that the cubic action for one choice of gauge invariant variables is unique in the following sense: the action for any other, non-linearly related variable can be brought to the same bulk action, plus additional boundary terms. These boundary terms correspond to the choice of hypersurface and generate extra, disconnected contributions to the bispectrum. We also discuss uniqueness of the action with respect to conformal frames. When expressed in terms of the gauge invariant curvature perturbation on uniform field hypersurfaces the action for cosmological perturbations has a unique form, independent of the original Einstein or Jordan frame. Crucial is that the gauge invariant comoving curvature perturbation is frame independent, which makes it extremely helpful in showing the quantum equivalence of the two frames, and therefore in calculating quantum effects in nonminimally coupled theories such as Higss inflation.
2102.12805
Reinoud Slagter
Reinoud Jan Slagter
New Evidence of the Azimuthal Alignment of Quasars Spin vector in the LQG U1.28, U1.27, U1.11, Cosmologically Explained
Second version. No major changes. Feedback welcome. 3 figures 3 pages
null
10.1016/j.newast.2022.101797
null
gr-qc astro-ph.HE
http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/
There is observational evidence that the spin axes of quasars in large quasar groups are correlated over hundreds of Mpc. This is found in the radio sector as well as in the optical range. There is not yet a satisfactory explanation of this "spooky" alignment. This alignment cannot be explained by mutual interaction at the time that quasars manifest themselves optically. A cosmological explanation could be possible by the formation of superconducting vortices (cosmic strings) in the early universe, just after the symmetry-breaking phase of the universe. We gathered from the NASA/IPAC and SIMBAD extragalactic databases the right ascension, declination, inclination, position angle and eccentricity of the host galaxies of 3 large quasar groups in order to obtain the azimuthal and polar angle of the spin vectors. The alignment of the azimuthal angle of the spin vectors of quasars in their host galaxy is confirmed in the large quasar group U1.27 and compared with two other groups in the vicinity, i.e., U1.11 and U1.28, investigated by Clowes2013. It is well possible that the azimuthal angle alignment fits the predicted azimuthal angle dependency in the theoretical model of the formation of general relativistic superconducting vortices, where the initial axial symmetry is broken just after the symmetry breaking of the scalar-gauge field.
[ { "created": "Thu, 25 Feb 2021 12:08:39 GMT", "version": "v1" }, { "created": "Tue, 15 Jun 2021 15:44:17 GMT", "version": "v2" } ]
2022-03-14
[ [ "Slagter", "Reinoud Jan", "" ] ]
There is observational evidence that the spin axes of quasars in large quasar groups are correlated over hundreds of Mpc. This is found in the radio sector as well as in the optical range. There is not yet a satisfactory explanation of this "spooky" alignment. This alignment cannot be explained by mutual interaction at the time that quasars manifest themselves optically. A cosmological explanation could be possible by the formation of superconducting vortices (cosmic strings) in the early universe, just after the symmetry-breaking phase of the universe. We gathered from the NASA/IPAC and SIMBAD extragalactic databases the right ascension, declination, inclination, position angle and eccentricity of the host galaxies of 3 large quasar groups in order to obtain the azimuthal and polar angle of the spin vectors. The alignment of the azimuthal angle of the spin vectors of quasars in their host galaxy is confirmed in the large quasar group U1.27 and compared with two other groups in the vicinity, i.e., U1.11 and U1.28, investigated by Clowes2013. It is well possible that the azimuthal angle alignment fits the predicted azimuthal angle dependency in the theoretical model of the formation of general relativistic superconducting vortices, where the initial axial symmetry is broken just after the symmetry breaking of the scalar-gauge field.
1504.04610
Giorgio Papini
Giorgio Papini
Perspectives on gravity-induced radiative processes in astrophysics
8 pages, one figure. arXiv admin note: substantial text overlap with arXiv:1007.4834
Galaxies 2015, 3, 72-83
null
null
gr-qc
http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/
Single-vertex Feynman diagrams represent the dominant contribution to physical processes, but are frequently forbidden kinematically. This is changed when the particles involved propagate in a gravitational background and acquire an effective mass. Procedures are introduced that allow the calculation of lowest order diagrams, their corresponding transition probabilities, emission powers and spectra to all orders in the metric deviation, for particles of any spin propagating in gravitational fields described by any metric. Physical properties of the "space-time medium" are also discussed. It is shown in particular that a small dissipation term in the particle wave equations can trigger a strong back-reaction that introduces resonances in the radiative process and affects the resulting gravitational background.
[ { "created": "Fri, 17 Apr 2015 19:16:37 GMT", "version": "v1" } ]
2015-04-20
[ [ "Papini", "Giorgio", "" ] ]
Single-vertex Feynman diagrams represent the dominant contribution to physical processes, but are frequently forbidden kinematically. This is changed when the particles involved propagate in a gravitational background and acquire an effective mass. Procedures are introduced that allow the calculation of lowest order diagrams, their corresponding transition probabilities, emission powers and spectra to all orders in the metric deviation, for particles of any spin propagating in gravitational fields described by any metric. Physical properties of the "space-time medium" are also discussed. It is shown in particular that a small dissipation term in the particle wave equations can trigger a strong back-reaction that introduces resonances in the radiative process and affects the resulting gravitational background.
2001.04367
Dipanjan Dey
Karim Mosani, Dipanjan Dey, Pankaj S. Joshi
Strong curvature naked singularities in spherically symmetric perfect fluid collapse
8 pages
Phys. Rev. D 101, 044052 (2020)
10.1103/PhysRevD.101.044052
null
gr-qc
http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/
We investigate here the locally naked singularity formed due to a spherically symmetric inhomogeneous collapsing cloud having non-zero isotropic pressure, in terms of its strength. Sufficient condition provided by Clarke and Krolak for it to be Tipler strong has been used to restrict the parameters that represent the non-linear relation between the physical radius and the radial coordinate of the outgoing radial null geodesic at the singular center. Studying end state of a collapsing cloud requires information about the dynamics of collapse, which is unknown in a general scenario. Hence we study small perturbations to the mass profile for inhomogeneous dust, which is possible using the formalism developed here. This perturbed mass profile, in turn, gives rise to non-zero pressure. We show the existence of a non-zero measure set of initial data giving rise to such strong curvature naked singularity.
[ { "created": "Mon, 13 Jan 2020 16:01:15 GMT", "version": "v1" }, { "created": "Mon, 2 Mar 2020 05:07:49 GMT", "version": "v2" } ]
2020-03-04
[ [ "Mosani", "Karim", "" ], [ "Dey", "Dipanjan", "" ], [ "Joshi", "Pankaj S.", "" ] ]
We investigate here the locally naked singularity formed due to a spherically symmetric inhomogeneous collapsing cloud having non-zero isotropic pressure, in terms of its strength. Sufficient condition provided by Clarke and Krolak for it to be Tipler strong has been used to restrict the parameters that represent the non-linear relation between the physical radius and the radial coordinate of the outgoing radial null geodesic at the singular center. Studying end state of a collapsing cloud requires information about the dynamics of collapse, which is unknown in a general scenario. Hence we study small perturbations to the mass profile for inhomogeneous dust, which is possible using the formalism developed here. This perturbed mass profile, in turn, gives rise to non-zero pressure. We show the existence of a non-zero measure set of initial data giving rise to such strong curvature naked singularity.
gr-qc/0703127
Hirotaka Yoshino
Hirotaka Yoshino, Andrei Zelnikov, Valeri P. Frolov
Apparent horizon formation in the head-on collision of gyratons
44 pages, 21 figures, published version
Phys.Rev.D75:124005,2007
10.1103/PhysRevD.75.124005
Alberta-Thy-01-07
gr-qc hep-ph hep-th
null
The gyraton model describes a gravitational field of an object moving with the velocity of light which has finite energy and spin distributed during some finite time interval $L$. A gyraton may be considered as a classical toy model for a quantum wave packet of high-energy particles with spin. In this paper we study a head-on collision of two gyratons and black hole formation in this process. The goal of this study is to understand the role of the gravitational spin-spin interaction in the process of mini-black-hole formation in particle collisions. To simplify the problem we consider several gyraton models with special profiles of the energy and spin density distribution. For these models we study the apparent horizon (AH) formation on the future edge of a spacetime region before interaction. We demonstrate that the AH forms only if the energy duration and the spin are smaller than some critical values, while the length of the spin distribution should be at least of the order of the system gravitational radius. We also study gravitational spin-spin interaction in the head-on collision of two gyratons under the assumption that the values of gyraton spins are small. We demonstrate that the metric in the interaction region for such gyratons depends on the relative helicities of incoming gyratons, and the collision of gyratons with oppositely directed spins allows the AH formation in a larger parameter region than in the collision of the gyratons with the same direction of spins. Some applications of the obtained results to the mini-black-hole production at the Large Hadron Collider in TeV gravity scenarios are briefly discussed.
[ { "created": "Mon, 26 Mar 2007 20:37:41 GMT", "version": "v1" }, { "created": "Fri, 27 Apr 2007 04:35:26 GMT", "version": "v2" }, { "created": "Tue, 5 Jun 2007 21:12:04 GMT", "version": "v3" } ]
2008-11-26
[ [ "Yoshino", "Hirotaka", "" ], [ "Zelnikov", "Andrei", "" ], [ "Frolov", "Valeri P.", "" ] ]
The gyraton model describes a gravitational field of an object moving with the velocity of light which has finite energy and spin distributed during some finite time interval $L$. A gyraton may be considered as a classical toy model for a quantum wave packet of high-energy particles with spin. In this paper we study a head-on collision of two gyratons and black hole formation in this process. The goal of this study is to understand the role of the gravitational spin-spin interaction in the process of mini-black-hole formation in particle collisions. To simplify the problem we consider several gyraton models with special profiles of the energy and spin density distribution. For these models we study the apparent horizon (AH) formation on the future edge of a spacetime region before interaction. We demonstrate that the AH forms only if the energy duration and the spin are smaller than some critical values, while the length of the spin distribution should be at least of the order of the system gravitational radius. We also study gravitational spin-spin interaction in the head-on collision of two gyratons under the assumption that the values of gyraton spins are small. We demonstrate that the metric in the interaction region for such gyratons depends on the relative helicities of incoming gyratons, and the collision of gyratons with oppositely directed spins allows the AH formation in a larger parameter region than in the collision of the gyratons with the same direction of spins. Some applications of the obtained results to the mini-black-hole production at the Large Hadron Collider in TeV gravity scenarios are briefly discussed.
gr-qc/9901047
Matt Visser
Matt Visser (Washington University)
Acoustic black holes
10 pages, uses Springer-Verlag macro package. To appear in the Proceedings of the 1998 Peniscola Summer School on Particle Physics and Cosmology. (Springer-Verlag)
null
null
null
gr-qc
null
Acoustic propagation in a moving fluid provides a conceptually clean and powerful analogy for understanding black hole physics. As a teaching tool, the analogy is useful for introducing students to both General Relativity and fluid mechanics. As a research tool, the analogy helps clarify what aspects of the physics are kinematics and what aspects are dynamics. In particular, Hawking radiation is a purely kinematical effect, whereas black hole entropy is intrinsically dynamical. Finally, I discuss the fact that with present technology acoustic Hawking radiation is almost experimentally testable.
[ { "created": "Sat, 16 Jan 1999 01:47:03 GMT", "version": "v1" } ]
2007-05-23
[ [ "Visser", "Matt", "", "Washington University" ] ]
Acoustic propagation in a moving fluid provides a conceptually clean and powerful analogy for understanding black hole physics. As a teaching tool, the analogy is useful for introducing students to both General Relativity and fluid mechanics. As a research tool, the analogy helps clarify what aspects of the physics are kinematics and what aspects are dynamics. In particular, Hawking radiation is a purely kinematical effect, whereas black hole entropy is intrinsically dynamical. Finally, I discuss the fact that with present technology acoustic Hawking radiation is almost experimentally testable.
1302.5628
Miquel Nofrarias
M. Nofrarias, F. Gibert, N. Karnesis, A.F. Garcia, M. Hewitson, G. Heinzel, K. Danzmann
Subtraction of temperature induced phase noise in the LISA frequency band
8 pages, 6 figures
null
10.1103/PhysRevD.87.102003
null
gr-qc astro-ph.IM
http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/
Temperature fluctuations are expected to be one of the limiting factors for gravitational wave detectors in the very low frequency range. Here we report the characterisation of this noise source in the LISA Pathfinder optical bench and propose a method to remove its contribution from the data. Our results show that temperature fluctuations are indeed limiting our measurement below one millihertz, and that their subtraction leads to a factor 5.6 (15 dB) reduction in the noise level at the lower end of the LISA measurement band 10^{-4} Hz, which increases to 20.2 (26 dB) at even lower frequencies, i.e., 1.5x10^{-5} Hz. The method presented here can be applied to the subtraction of other noise sources in gravitational wave detectors in the general situation where multiple sensors are used to characterise the noise source.
[ { "created": "Fri, 22 Feb 2013 16:12:44 GMT", "version": "v1" }, { "created": "Wed, 19 Jun 2013 10:20:21 GMT", "version": "v2" } ]
2013-06-20
[ [ "Nofrarias", "M.", "" ], [ "Gibert", "F.", "" ], [ "Karnesis", "N.", "" ], [ "Garcia", "A. F.", "" ], [ "Hewitson", "M.", "" ], [ "Heinzel", "G.", "" ], [ "Danzmann", "K.", "" ] ]
Temperature fluctuations are expected to be one of the limiting factors for gravitational wave detectors in the very low frequency range. Here we report the characterisation of this noise source in the LISA Pathfinder optical bench and propose a method to remove its contribution from the data. Our results show that temperature fluctuations are indeed limiting our measurement below one millihertz, and that their subtraction leads to a factor 5.6 (15 dB) reduction in the noise level at the lower end of the LISA measurement band 10^{-4} Hz, which increases to 20.2 (26 dB) at even lower frequencies, i.e., 1.5x10^{-5} Hz. The method presented here can be applied to the subtraction of other noise sources in gravitational wave detectors in the general situation where multiple sensors are used to characterise the noise source.
1111.3737
Frank Ohme
Frank Ohme
Analytical meets numerical relativity - status of complete gravitational waveform models for binary black holes
13 pages, 2 figures, 1 table, NRDA2011/Amaldi 9 proceedings; published version with extended discussion of accuracy requirements and a new figure 2
2012 Class. Quantum Grav. 29 124002
10.1088/0264-9381/29/12/124002
AEI-2011-090
gr-qc
http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/
Models of gravitational waveforms from coalescing black-hole binaries play a crucial role in the efforts to detect and interpret the signatures of those binaries in the data of large-scale interferometers. Here we summarize recent models that combine information both from analytical approximations and numerical relativity. We briefly lay out and compare the strategies employed to build such complete models and we recapitulate the errors associated with various aspects of the modelling process.
[ { "created": "Wed, 16 Nov 2011 09:33:35 GMT", "version": "v1" }, { "created": "Fri, 24 Feb 2012 14:51:46 GMT", "version": "v2" } ]
2015-03-19
[ [ "Ohme", "Frank", "" ] ]
Models of gravitational waveforms from coalescing black-hole binaries play a crucial role in the efforts to detect and interpret the signatures of those binaries in the data of large-scale interferometers. Here we summarize recent models that combine information both from analytical approximations and numerical relativity. We briefly lay out and compare the strategies employed to build such complete models and we recapitulate the errors associated with various aspects of the modelling process.
gr-qc/9704067
Max welling
M. Welling (Utrecht University)
Winding Solutions for the two Particle System in 2+1 Gravity
15 pages Latex, 4 eps figures
Class.Quant.Grav. 15 (1998) 613-626
10.1088/0264-9381/15/3/012
THU-97/10
gr-qc
null
Using a PASCAL program to follow the evolution of two gravitating particles in 2+1 dimensions we find solutions in which the particles wind around one another indefinitely. As their center of mass moves `tachyonic' they form a Gott-pair. To avoid unphysical boundary conditions we consider a large but closed universe. After the particles have evolved for some time their momenta have grown very large. In this limit we quantize the model and find that both the relevant configuration variable and its conjugate momentum become discrete.
[ { "created": "Thu, 24 Apr 1997 13:36:11 GMT", "version": "v1" } ]
2009-10-30
[ [ "Welling", "M.", "", "Utrecht University" ] ]
Using a PASCAL program to follow the evolution of two gravitating particles in 2+1 dimensions we find solutions in which the particles wind around one another indefinitely. As their center of mass moves `tachyonic' they form a Gott-pair. To avoid unphysical boundary conditions we consider a large but closed universe. After the particles have evolved for some time their momenta have grown very large. In this limit we quantize the model and find that both the relevant configuration variable and its conjugate momentum become discrete.
1502.04679
Florent Michel
Florent Michel, Renaud Parentani
Non-linear effects in time-dependent transonic flows: An analysis of analogue black hole stability
25 pages, 16 figures. Final version published in PRA
Phys. Rev. A 91, 053603 (2015)
10.1103/PhysRevA.91.053603
LPT-Orsay-15-13
gr-qc cond-mat.quant-gas nlin.PS
http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/
We study solutions of the one-dimensional Gross-Pitaevskii equation to better understand dynamical instabilities occurring in flowing atomic condensates. Whereas transonic stationary flows can be fully described in simple terms, time-dependent flows exhibit a wide variety of behaviors. When the sound speed is crossed once, we observe that flows analogous to black holes obey something similar to the so-called no hair theorem since their late time profile is stationary and uniquely fixed by parameters entering the Hamiltonian and conserved quantities. For flows analogous to white holes, at late time one finds a macroscopic undulation in the supersonic side which has either a fixed amplitude, or a widely varying one signaling a quasi periodic emission of solitons on the subsonic side. When considering flows which cross the sound speed twice, we observe various scenarios which can be understood from the above behaviors, and from the hierarchy of the growth rates of the dynamical instabilities characterizing such flows.
[ { "created": "Mon, 16 Feb 2015 19:43:28 GMT", "version": "v1" }, { "created": "Sat, 9 May 2015 16:45:35 GMT", "version": "v2" } ]
2015-05-12
[ [ "Michel", "Florent", "" ], [ "Parentani", "Renaud", "" ] ]
We study solutions of the one-dimensional Gross-Pitaevskii equation to better understand dynamical instabilities occurring in flowing atomic condensates. Whereas transonic stationary flows can be fully described in simple terms, time-dependent flows exhibit a wide variety of behaviors. When the sound speed is crossed once, we observe that flows analogous to black holes obey something similar to the so-called no hair theorem since their late time profile is stationary and uniquely fixed by parameters entering the Hamiltonian and conserved quantities. For flows analogous to white holes, at late time one finds a macroscopic undulation in the supersonic side which has either a fixed amplitude, or a widely varying one signaling a quasi periodic emission of solitons on the subsonic side. When considering flows which cross the sound speed twice, we observe various scenarios which can be understood from the above behaviors, and from the hierarchy of the growth rates of the dynamical instabilities characterizing such flows.
gr-qc/9608061
Lior M. Burko
Lior M. Burko
Comment on the Roberts solution for the spherically-symmetric Einstein-scalar field equations
3 pages, RevTeX
Gen.Rel.Grav.29:259,1997
10.1023/A:1010200430550
null
gr-qc
null
We critically examine the Roberts homothetic solution for the spherically symmetric Einstein-scalar field equations in double null coordinates, and show that the Roberts solution indeed solves the field equations only for one non-trivial case. We generalize this solution and discuss its relations with other known exact solutions.
[ { "created": "Mon, 26 Aug 1996 11:37:38 GMT", "version": "v1" } ]
2010-11-19
[ [ "Burko", "Lior M.", "" ] ]
We critically examine the Roberts homothetic solution for the spherically symmetric Einstein-scalar field equations in double null coordinates, and show that the Roberts solution indeed solves the field equations only for one non-trivial case. We generalize this solution and discuss its relations with other known exact solutions.
2306.06576
Huan Yang
Zhen Pan, Huan Yang, Laura Bernard, B\'eatrice Bonga
Resonant dynamics of extreme mass-ratio inspirals in a perturbed Kerr spacetime
22 pages, 17 figures
Phys. Rev. D 108,104026 (2023)
null
null
gr-qc
http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/
Extreme mass-ratio inspirals (EMRI) are one of the most sensitive probes of black hole spacetimes with gravitational wave measurements. In this work, we systematically analyze the dynamics of an EMRI system near orbital resonances, assuming the background spacetime is weakly perturbed from Kerr. Using the action-angle formalism, we have derived an effective resonant Hamiltonian that describes the dynamics of the resonant degree of freedom, for the case that the EMRI motion across the resonance regime. This effective resonant Hamiltonian can also be used to derive the condition that the trajectory enters/exits a resonant island and the permanent change of action variables across the resonance with the gravitational wave radiation turned on. The orbital chaos, on the other hand, generally leads to transitions between different branches of rotational orbits with finite changes of the action variables. These findings are demonstrated with numerical orbital evolutions that are mapped into representations using action-angle variables. This study is one part of the program of understanding EMRI dynamics in a generic perturbed Kerr spacetime, which paves the way of using EMRIs to precisely measure the black hole spacetime.
[ { "created": "Sun, 11 Jun 2023 03:44:49 GMT", "version": "v1" }, { "created": "Mon, 24 Jul 2023 01:59:30 GMT", "version": "v2" } ]
2023-11-15
[ [ "Pan", "Zhen", "" ], [ "Yang", "Huan", "" ], [ "Bernard", "Laura", "" ], [ "Bonga", "Béatrice", "" ] ]
Extreme mass-ratio inspirals (EMRI) are one of the most sensitive probes of black hole spacetimes with gravitational wave measurements. In this work, we systematically analyze the dynamics of an EMRI system near orbital resonances, assuming the background spacetime is weakly perturbed from Kerr. Using the action-angle formalism, we have derived an effective resonant Hamiltonian that describes the dynamics of the resonant degree of freedom, for the case that the EMRI motion across the resonance regime. This effective resonant Hamiltonian can also be used to derive the condition that the trajectory enters/exits a resonant island and the permanent change of action variables across the resonance with the gravitational wave radiation turned on. The orbital chaos, on the other hand, generally leads to transitions between different branches of rotational orbits with finite changes of the action variables. These findings are demonstrated with numerical orbital evolutions that are mapped into representations using action-angle variables. This study is one part of the program of understanding EMRI dynamics in a generic perturbed Kerr spacetime, which paves the way of using EMRIs to precisely measure the black hole spacetime.
1612.08661
Sunny Vagnozzi
L. Sebastiani, S. Vagnozzi, R. Myrzakulov
Mimetic gravity: a review of recent developments and applications to cosmology and astrophysics
68 pages, invited review to appear in Advances in High Energy Physics
Adv. High Energy Phys. 2017 (2017) 3156915
10.1155/2017/3156915
null
gr-qc
http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/
Mimetic gravity is a Weyl-symmetric extension of General Relativity, related to the latter by a singular disformal transformation, wherein the appearance of a dust-like perfect fluid can mimic cold dark matter at a cosmological level. Within this framework, it is possible to provide an unified geometrical explanation for dark matter, the late-time acceleration, and inflation, making it a very attractive theory. In this review, we summarize the main aspects of mimetic gravity, as well as extensions of the minimal formulation of the model. We devote particular focus to the reconstruction technique, which allows the realization of any desired expansionary history of the Universe by an accurate choice of potential, or other functions defined within the theory (as in the case of mimetic $f(R)$ gravity). We briefly discuss cosmological perturbation theory within mimetic gravity. As a case study within which we apply the concepts previously discussed, we study a mimetic Ho\v{r}ava-like theory, of which we explore solutions and cosmological perturbations in detail. Finally, we conclude the review by discussing static spherically symmetric solutions within mimetic gravity, and apply our findings to the problem of galactic rotation curves. Our review provides an introduction to mimetic gravity, as well as a concise but self-contained summary of recent findings, progresses, open questions, and outlooks on future research directions.
[ { "created": "Tue, 27 Dec 2016 15:44:39 GMT", "version": "v1" } ]
2017-03-03
[ [ "Sebastiani", "L.", "" ], [ "Vagnozzi", "S.", "" ], [ "Myrzakulov", "R.", "" ] ]
Mimetic gravity is a Weyl-symmetric extension of General Relativity, related to the latter by a singular disformal transformation, wherein the appearance of a dust-like perfect fluid can mimic cold dark matter at a cosmological level. Within this framework, it is possible to provide an unified geometrical explanation for dark matter, the late-time acceleration, and inflation, making it a very attractive theory. In this review, we summarize the main aspects of mimetic gravity, as well as extensions of the minimal formulation of the model. We devote particular focus to the reconstruction technique, which allows the realization of any desired expansionary history of the Universe by an accurate choice of potential, or other functions defined within the theory (as in the case of mimetic $f(R)$ gravity). We briefly discuss cosmological perturbation theory within mimetic gravity. As a case study within which we apply the concepts previously discussed, we study a mimetic Ho\v{r}ava-like theory, of which we explore solutions and cosmological perturbations in detail. Finally, we conclude the review by discussing static spherically symmetric solutions within mimetic gravity, and apply our findings to the problem of galactic rotation curves. Our review provides an introduction to mimetic gravity, as well as a concise but self-contained summary of recent findings, progresses, open questions, and outlooks on future research directions.
gr-qc/9711042
R. Garcia
H.F.Dowker, R.S.Garcia
A handlebody calculus for topology change
Latex, 32 pages, 7 figures
Class.Quant.Grav. 15 (1998) 1859-1879
10.1088/0264-9381/15/7/005
Imperial/TP/97-98/11
gr-qc
null
We consider certain interesting processes in quantum gravity which involve a change of spatial topology. We use Morse theory and the machinery of handlebodies to characterise topology changes as suggested by Sorkin. Our results support the view that that the pair production of Kaluza-Klein monopoles and the nucleation of various higher dimensional objects are allowed transitions with non-zero amplitude.
[ { "created": "Wed, 12 Nov 1997 17:26:25 GMT", "version": "v1" } ]
2009-10-30
[ [ "Dowker", "H. F.", "" ], [ "Garcia", "R. S.", "" ] ]
We consider certain interesting processes in quantum gravity which involve a change of spatial topology. We use Morse theory and the machinery of handlebodies to characterise topology changes as suggested by Sorkin. Our results support the view that that the pair production of Kaluza-Klein monopoles and the nucleation of various higher dimensional objects are allowed transitions with non-zero amplitude.
gr-qc/9810002
Takeshi Chiba
Takeshi Chiba
Resolving the singularity of the Hawking-Turok type instanton
minor changes, 8 pages, to be published in Phys.Lett.B
Phys.Lett. B442 (1998) 59-62
10.1016/S0370-2693(98)01273-8
null
gr-qc astro-ph
null
We point out that the singular instanton of Hawking-Turok type, in which the singularity occurs due to the divergence of a massless scalar field, can be generated by Euclideanized regular $p$-brane solutions in string (or M-) theory upon compactification to four dimensions.
[ { "created": "Thu, 1 Oct 1998 13:22:26 GMT", "version": "v1" }, { "created": "Sat, 14 Nov 1998 07:03:34 GMT", "version": "v2" } ]
2009-10-31
[ [ "Chiba", "Takeshi", "" ] ]
We point out that the singular instanton of Hawking-Turok type, in which the singularity occurs due to the divergence of a massless scalar field, can be generated by Euclideanized regular $p$-brane solutions in string (or M-) theory upon compactification to four dimensions.