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1806.00601
Mariusz P. Dabrowski
Mariusz P. Dabrowski and Konrad Marosek
Non-exotic conformal structure of weak exotic singularities
12 pages, 6 figures, matches published GRG version
Gen. Rel. Grav. 50, 160 (2018)
10.1007/s10714-018-2482-1
null
gr-qc astro-ph.CO hep-th
http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/
We study the conformal structure of exotic (non-big-bang) singularity universes using the hybrid big-bang/exotic singularity/big-bang and big-rip/exotic singularity/big-rip models by investigating their appropriate Penrose diagrams. We show that the diagrams have the standard structure for the big-bang and big-rip and that exotic singularities appear just as the constant time hypersurfaces for the time of a singularity and because of their geodesic completeness are potentially transversable. We also comment on some applications and extensions of the Penrose diagram method in studying exotic singularities.
[ { "created": "Sat, 2 Jun 2018 08:00:48 GMT", "version": "v1" }, { "created": "Sat, 26 Oct 2019 13:35:00 GMT", "version": "v2" } ]
2019-11-06
[ [ "Dabrowski", "Mariusz P.", "" ], [ "Marosek", "Konrad", "" ] ]
We study the conformal structure of exotic (non-big-bang) singularity universes using the hybrid big-bang/exotic singularity/big-bang and big-rip/exotic singularity/big-rip models by investigating their appropriate Penrose diagrams. We show that the diagrams have the standard structure for the big-bang and big-rip and that exotic singularities appear just as the constant time hypersurfaces for the time of a singularity and because of their geodesic completeness are potentially transversable. We also comment on some applications and extensions of the Penrose diagram method in studying exotic singularities.
1501.01205
Claus Gerhardt
Claus Gerhardt
A unified field theory I: The quantization of gravity
This paper has been published in ATMP 22 (2018) under the title "The quantization of gravity". The title of the arXiv version, however, will remain unchanged since it had been referred to under the original title in a number of other papers
Adv. Their. Math. Phys. 22, 709--757 (2018)
10.4310/ATMP.2018.v22.n3.a4
null
gr-qc hep-th math-ph math.DG math.MP
http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/
In a former paper we proposed a model for the quantization of gravity by working in a bundle $E$ where we realized the Hamilton constraint as the Wheeler-DeWitt equation. However, the corresponding operator only acts in the fibers and not in the base space. Therefore, we now discard the Wheeler-DeWitt equation and express the Hamilton constraint differently, either with the help of the Hamilton equations or by employing a geometric evolution equation. There are two modifications possible which both are equivalent to the Hamilton constraint and which lead to two new models. In the first model we obtain a hyperbolic operator that acts in the fibers as well as in the base space and we can construct a symplectic vector space and a Weyl system. \nd In the second model the resulting equation is a wave equation in $\so \times (0,\infty)$ valid in points $(x,t,\xi)$ in $E$ and we look for solutions for each fixed $\xi$. This set of equations contains as a special case the equation of a quantized cosmological Friedmann universe without matter but with a cosmological constant, when we look for solutions which only depend on $t$. Moreover, in case $\so$ is compact we prove a spectral resolution of the equation.
[ { "created": "Mon, 5 Jan 2015 19:55:09 GMT", "version": "v1" }, { "created": "Tue, 1 Sep 2015 12:44:49 GMT", "version": "v2" }, { "created": "Thu, 14 Jan 2016 20:02:34 GMT", "version": "v3" }, { "created": "Thu, 5 Apr 2018 19:20:23 GMT", "version": "v4" }, { "crea...
2018-10-23
[ [ "Gerhardt", "Claus", "" ] ]
In a former paper we proposed a model for the quantization of gravity by working in a bundle $E$ where we realized the Hamilton constraint as the Wheeler-DeWitt equation. However, the corresponding operator only acts in the fibers and not in the base space. Therefore, we now discard the Wheeler-DeWitt equation and express the Hamilton constraint differently, either with the help of the Hamilton equations or by employing a geometric evolution equation. There are two modifications possible which both are equivalent to the Hamilton constraint and which lead to two new models. In the first model we obtain a hyperbolic operator that acts in the fibers as well as in the base space and we can construct a symplectic vector space and a Weyl system. \nd In the second model the resulting equation is a wave equation in $\so \times (0,\infty)$ valid in points $(x,t,\xi)$ in $E$ and we look for solutions for each fixed $\xi$. This set of equations contains as a special case the equation of a quantized cosmological Friedmann universe without matter but with a cosmological constant, when we look for solutions which only depend on $t$. Moreover, in case $\so$ is compact we prove a spectral resolution of the equation.
1603.09670
Diego S\'aez-G\'omez
Diego Saez-Gomez, C. Sofia Carvalho, Francisco S. N. Lobo and Ismael Tereno
Constraining $f(T, \mathcal{T})$ gravity models using type Ia supernovae
10 pages, 3 figures. Version published in PRD
Phys. Rev. D 94, 024034 (2016)
10.1103/PhysRevD.94.024034
null
gr-qc astro-ph.CO
http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/
We present an analysis of an $f(T, \mathcal{T})$ extension of the Teleparallel Equivalent of General Relativity, where $T$ denotes the torsion and $\mathcal{T}$ the trace of the energy-momentum tensor. This extension includes non--minimal couplings between torsion and matter. In particular, we construct two specific models that recover the usual continuity equation, namely, $f(T, \mathcal{T})=T+g(\mathcal{T})$ and $f(T, \mathcal{T})=T\times g(\mathcal{T})$. We then constrain the parameters of each model by fitting the predicted distance modulus to that measured from type Ia supernovae, and find that both models can reproduce the late--time cosmic acceleration. We also observe that one of the models satisfies well the observational constraints and yields a goodness--of--fit similar to the $\Lambda$CDM model, thus demonstrating that $f(T,\mathcal{T})$ gravity theory encompasses viable models that can be an alternative to $\Lambda$CDM.
[ { "created": "Tue, 29 Mar 2016 10:51:27 GMT", "version": "v1" }, { "created": "Tue, 19 Jul 2016 15:39:08 GMT", "version": "v2" } ]
2016-07-27
[ [ "Saez-Gomez", "Diego", "" ], [ "Carvalho", "C. Sofia", "" ], [ "Lobo", "Francisco S. N.", "" ], [ "Tereno", "Ismael", "" ] ]
We present an analysis of an $f(T, \mathcal{T})$ extension of the Teleparallel Equivalent of General Relativity, where $T$ denotes the torsion and $\mathcal{T}$ the trace of the energy-momentum tensor. This extension includes non--minimal couplings between torsion and matter. In particular, we construct two specific models that recover the usual continuity equation, namely, $f(T, \mathcal{T})=T+g(\mathcal{T})$ and $f(T, \mathcal{T})=T\times g(\mathcal{T})$. We then constrain the parameters of each model by fitting the predicted distance modulus to that measured from type Ia supernovae, and find that both models can reproduce the late--time cosmic acceleration. We also observe that one of the models satisfies well the observational constraints and yields a goodness--of--fit similar to the $\Lambda$CDM model, thus demonstrating that $f(T,\mathcal{T})$ gravity theory encompasses viable models that can be an alternative to $\Lambda$CDM.
2301.10795
Dishant Pandya M
Rinkal Patel and B. S. Ratanpal, D. M. Pandya
New charged anisotropic solution on paraboloidal spacetime
29 Pages, 12 Figures, 3 Tables
null
10.1007/s10509-023-04213-2
null
gr-qc
http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/
New exact solutions of Einstein's field equations for charged stellar models by assuming linear equation of state $ P_r=A(\rho-\rho_{a}) $, where $ P_r $ is the radial pressure and $ \rho_{a} $ is the surface density. By assuming $ e^{\lambda} = 1+\frac{r^2}{R^2} $ for metric potential. The physical acceptability conditions of the model are investigated, and the model is compatible with several compact star candidates like 4U 1820-30, PSR J1903+327, EXO 1785-248, Vela X-1, PSR J1614-2230, Cen X-3. A noteworthy feature of the model is that it satisfies all the conditions needed for a physically acceptable model.
[ { "created": "Wed, 25 Jan 2023 19:23:35 GMT", "version": "v1" } ]
2023-07-26
[ [ "Patel", "Rinkal", "" ], [ "Ratanpal", "B. S.", "" ], [ "Pandya", "D. M.", "" ] ]
New exact solutions of Einstein's field equations for charged stellar models by assuming linear equation of state $ P_r=A(\rho-\rho_{a}) $, where $ P_r $ is the radial pressure and $ \rho_{a} $ is the surface density. By assuming $ e^{\lambda} = 1+\frac{r^2}{R^2} $ for metric potential. The physical acceptability conditions of the model are investigated, and the model is compatible with several compact star candidates like 4U 1820-30, PSR J1903+327, EXO 1785-248, Vela X-1, PSR J1614-2230, Cen X-3. A noteworthy feature of the model is that it satisfies all the conditions needed for a physically acceptable model.
2205.04777
Minyong Guo
Hu Zhu and Minyong Guo
Polarized image of synchrotron radiations of hotspots in Schwarzschilld-Melvin black hole spacetime
20 pages, 10 figures
null
null
null
gr-qc
http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/
We revisit the innermost stable circular orbits (ISCOs) of charged particles and study the polarized images of synchrotron radiations emitted from such orbiting hotspots on the equatorial plane in Schwarzchild-Melvin black hole spacetime. We obtain a constraint on the magnetic field to retain ISCOs for charged particles. In particular, we identify a critical value for the strength of the magnetic field $B_c$ that the circular orbits can have positive and negative angular momentums above $B_c$ while only one branch survive below $B_c$. Furthermore, we investigate and discuss the primary and secondary images of circularly orbiting charged hotspots carrying the information of polarization directions observed by distant observers.
[ { "created": "Tue, 10 May 2022 09:56:31 GMT", "version": "v1" } ]
2022-05-11
[ [ "Zhu", "Hu", "" ], [ "Guo", "Minyong", "" ] ]
We revisit the innermost stable circular orbits (ISCOs) of charged particles and study the polarized images of synchrotron radiations emitted from such orbiting hotspots on the equatorial plane in Schwarzchild-Melvin black hole spacetime. We obtain a constraint on the magnetic field to retain ISCOs for charged particles. In particular, we identify a critical value for the strength of the magnetic field $B_c$ that the circular orbits can have positive and negative angular momentums above $B_c$ while only one branch survive below $B_c$. Furthermore, we investigate and discuss the primary and secondary images of circularly orbiting charged hotspots carrying the information of polarization directions observed by distant observers.
1406.7636
Farhad Darabi
F. Darabi, Y. Heydarzade and F. Hajkarim
Stability of Einstein Static Universe over Lyra Geometry
11 pages
Can. J. Phys. 93, 1566 (2015)
10.1139/cjp-2015-0312
null
gr-qc
http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/
The existence and stability conditions of Einstein static universe against homogeneous scalar perturbations in the context of Lyra geometry is investigated. The stability condition is obtained in terms of the constant equation of state parameter $\omega=p/\rho$ depending on energy density $\rho_0$ and scale factor $a_0$ of the initial Einstein static universe. Also, the stability against vector and tensor perturbations is studied. It is shown that a stable Einstein static universe can be found in the context of Lyra geometry against scalar, vector and tensor perturbations for suitable range and values of physical parameters.
[ { "created": "Mon, 30 Jun 2014 08:52:36 GMT", "version": "v1" }, { "created": "Fri, 4 Dec 2015 14:40:33 GMT", "version": "v2" } ]
2023-07-19
[ [ "Darabi", "F.", "" ], [ "Heydarzade", "Y.", "" ], [ "Hajkarim", "F.", "" ] ]
The existence and stability conditions of Einstein static universe against homogeneous scalar perturbations in the context of Lyra geometry is investigated. The stability condition is obtained in terms of the constant equation of state parameter $\omega=p/\rho$ depending on energy density $\rho_0$ and scale factor $a_0$ of the initial Einstein static universe. Also, the stability against vector and tensor perturbations is studied. It is shown that a stable Einstein static universe can be found in the context of Lyra geometry against scalar, vector and tensor perturbations for suitable range and values of physical parameters.
2401.07512
Davide Batic
Davide Batic and Marek Nowakowski
Gravitational Collapse via Wheeler-DeWitt Equation
14 pages, 2 figures
Ann. Phys. 2024, 461, 169579
10.1016/j.aop.2023.169579
null
gr-qc
http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/
We analyze the Wheeler-DeWitt (WDW) equation in the context of a gravitational collapse. The physics of an expanding/collapsing universe and many details of a collapsing star can classically be described by the Roberston-Walker metric in which the WDW equation takes the form of a times-less Schr\"odinger equation. We set up the corresponding WDW potential for the collapse and study the solutions of the wave function. The results show that the central singularity appearing in classical general relativity is avoided, the density is quantized in terms of the Planck density and the expectation value of the scale factor exhibits a discrete behavior.
[ { "created": "Mon, 15 Jan 2024 07:27:35 GMT", "version": "v1" } ]
2024-01-17
[ [ "Batic", "Davide", "" ], [ "Nowakowski", "Marek", "" ] ]
We analyze the Wheeler-DeWitt (WDW) equation in the context of a gravitational collapse. The physics of an expanding/collapsing universe and many details of a collapsing star can classically be described by the Roberston-Walker metric in which the WDW equation takes the form of a times-less Schr\"odinger equation. We set up the corresponding WDW potential for the collapse and study the solutions of the wave function. The results show that the central singularity appearing in classical general relativity is avoided, the density is quantized in terms of the Planck density and the expectation value of the scale factor exhibits a discrete behavior.
2104.07533
Alessandro Nagar
Gunnar Riemenschneider, Piero Rettegno, Matteo Breschi, Angelica Albertini, Rossella Gamba, Sebastiano Bernuzzi and Alessandro Nagar
TEOBResumS: assessment of consistent next-to-quasicircular corrections and post-adiabatic approximation in multipolar binary black holes waveforms
13 pages, 11 figures, submitted to Phys. Rev. D
null
null
null
gr-qc
http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/
The use of effective-one-body (EOB) waveforms for black hole binaries analysis in gravitational-wave astronomy requires faithful models and fast generation times. A key aspect to achieve faithfulness is the inclusion of numerical-relativity (NR) informed next-to-quasicircular corrections(NQC), dependent on the radial momentum, to the waveform and radiation reaction. A robust method to speed up the waveform generation is the post-adiabatic iteration to approximate the solution of the EOB Hamiltonian equations. In this work, we assess the performances of a fast NQC prescription in combination to the post-adiabatic method for generating multipolar gravitational waves. The outlined approach allows a consistent treatment of NQC in both the waveform and the radiation-reaction, does not require iterative procedures to achieve high faithfulness, and can be efficiently employed for parameter estimation. Comparing to 611 NR simulations, for total mass $10M_\odot\leq M \leq 200M_\odot$ and using the Advanded LIGO noise, the model has EOB/NR unfaithfulness well below $0.01$, with 78.5\% of the cases below $0.001$. We apply the model to the parameter estimation of GW150914 exploring the impact of the new NQC and of the higher modes up to $\ell=m=8$.
[ { "created": "Thu, 15 Apr 2021 15:38:24 GMT", "version": "v1" }, { "created": "Sat, 17 Apr 2021 05:12:19 GMT", "version": "v2" } ]
2021-04-20
[ [ "Riemenschneider", "Gunnar", "" ], [ "Rettegno", "Piero", "" ], [ "Breschi", "Matteo", "" ], [ "Albertini", "Angelica", "" ], [ "Gamba", "Rossella", "" ], [ "Bernuzzi", "Sebastiano", "" ], [ "Nagar", "Alessandr...
The use of effective-one-body (EOB) waveforms for black hole binaries analysis in gravitational-wave astronomy requires faithful models and fast generation times. A key aspect to achieve faithfulness is the inclusion of numerical-relativity (NR) informed next-to-quasicircular corrections(NQC), dependent on the radial momentum, to the waveform and radiation reaction. A robust method to speed up the waveform generation is the post-adiabatic iteration to approximate the solution of the EOB Hamiltonian equations. In this work, we assess the performances of a fast NQC prescription in combination to the post-adiabatic method for generating multipolar gravitational waves. The outlined approach allows a consistent treatment of NQC in both the waveform and the radiation-reaction, does not require iterative procedures to achieve high faithfulness, and can be efficiently employed for parameter estimation. Comparing to 611 NR simulations, for total mass $10M_\odot\leq M \leq 200M_\odot$ and using the Advanded LIGO noise, the model has EOB/NR unfaithfulness well below $0.01$, with 78.5\% of the cases below $0.001$. We apply the model to the parameter estimation of GW150914 exploring the impact of the new NQC and of the higher modes up to $\ell=m=8$.
2112.07455
Yunqi Liu
Cheng-Yong Zhang, Qian Chen, Yunqi Liu, Wen-Kun Luo, Yu Tian, Bin Wang
Critical phenomena in dynamical scalarization of charged black hole
Phys. Rev. Lett. 128, 161105
null
10.1103/PhysRevLett.128.161105
null
gr-qc astro-ph.HE hep-th
http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/
We report a new black hole scalarization mechanism and disclose novel dynamical critical phenomena in the process of the nonlinear accretion of the scalar field into black holes. The accretion process can transform a seed black hole into a final scalarized or bald black hole, depending on the initial parameter of the scalar field $p$. There is a critical parameter $p_{\ast}$ and near it all intermediate solutions are attracted to a critical solution and stay there for a time scaling as $T\propto-\gamma\ln|p-p_{\ast}|$. At late times, the solutions evolve into scalarized black holes if $p>p_{\ast}$, or bald black holes if $p<p_{\ast}$. The final masses of the resulting scalarized/bald black holes satisfy power-laws $M_{p}-M_{\pm}\propto|p-p_{\ast}|^{\gamma_{\pm}}$ where $M_{\pm}$ are the masses of the scalarized/bald black holes when $p\to p_\ast$ from above/below, and $\gamma_{\pm}$ the corresponding exponents.
[ { "created": "Tue, 14 Dec 2021 15:12:46 GMT", "version": "v1" }, { "created": "Thu, 6 Jan 2022 01:48:54 GMT", "version": "v2" }, { "created": "Mon, 4 Apr 2022 15:37:00 GMT", "version": "v3" }, { "created": "Fri, 22 Apr 2022 14:30:59 GMT", "version": "v4" } ]
2022-04-25
[ [ "Zhang", "Cheng-Yong", "" ], [ "Chen", "Qian", "" ], [ "Liu", "Yunqi", "" ], [ "Luo", "Wen-Kun", "" ], [ "Tian", "Yu", "" ], [ "Wang", "Bin", "" ] ]
We report a new black hole scalarization mechanism and disclose novel dynamical critical phenomena in the process of the nonlinear accretion of the scalar field into black holes. The accretion process can transform a seed black hole into a final scalarized or bald black hole, depending on the initial parameter of the scalar field $p$. There is a critical parameter $p_{\ast}$ and near it all intermediate solutions are attracted to a critical solution and stay there for a time scaling as $T\propto-\gamma\ln|p-p_{\ast}|$. At late times, the solutions evolve into scalarized black holes if $p>p_{\ast}$, or bald black holes if $p<p_{\ast}$. The final masses of the resulting scalarized/bald black holes satisfy power-laws $M_{p}-M_{\pm}\propto|p-p_{\ast}|^{\gamma_{\pm}}$ where $M_{\pm}$ are the masses of the scalarized/bald black holes when $p\to p_\ast$ from above/below, and $\gamma_{\pm}$ the corresponding exponents.
2210.07971
Laxmipriya Pati Miss
Laxmipriya Pati, Daniel Blixt and Maria-Jose Guzman
Hamilton's equations in the covariant teleparallel equivalent of general relativity
22 Pages, No figures
Physical Review D 107, 044071 (2023)
10.1103/PhysRevD.107.044071
null
gr-qc hep-th
http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/
We present Hamilton's equations for the teleparallel equivalent of general relativity (TEGR), which is a reformulation of general relativity based on a curvatureless, metric compatible, and torsionful connection. For this, we consider the Hamiltonian for TEGR obtained through the vector, antisymmetric, symmetric and trace-free, and trace irreducible decomposition of the phase space variables. We present the Hamiltonian for TEGR in the covariant formalism for the first time in the literature, by considering a spin connection depending on Lorentz matrices. We introduce the mathematical formalism necessary to compute Hamilton's equations in both Weitzenbock gauge and covariant formulation, where for the latter we must introduce new fields: Lorentz matrices and their associated momenta. We also derive explicit relations between the conjugate momenta of the tetrad and the conjugate momenta for the metric that are traditionally defined in GR, which are important to compare both formalisms.
[ { "created": "Fri, 14 Oct 2022 17:10:07 GMT", "version": "v1" }, { "created": "Tue, 7 Mar 2023 08:44:31 GMT", "version": "v2" } ]
2023-03-08
[ [ "Pati", "Laxmipriya", "" ], [ "Blixt", "Daniel", "" ], [ "Guzman", "Maria-Jose", "" ] ]
We present Hamilton's equations for the teleparallel equivalent of general relativity (TEGR), which is a reformulation of general relativity based on a curvatureless, metric compatible, and torsionful connection. For this, we consider the Hamiltonian for TEGR obtained through the vector, antisymmetric, symmetric and trace-free, and trace irreducible decomposition of the phase space variables. We present the Hamiltonian for TEGR in the covariant formalism for the first time in the literature, by considering a spin connection depending on Lorentz matrices. We introduce the mathematical formalism necessary to compute Hamilton's equations in both Weitzenbock gauge and covariant formulation, where for the latter we must introduce new fields: Lorentz matrices and their associated momenta. We also derive explicit relations between the conjugate momenta of the tetrad and the conjugate momenta for the metric that are traditionally defined in GR, which are important to compare both formalisms.
2403.01436
Shoichiro Miyashita
Shoichiro Miyashita
Thermodynamics of the 3-dimensional Einstein-Maxwell system
18pages, 9 figures; v3: typos corrected; v2: the introduction expanded, references and footnotes added, the implication of the result for the thermodynamics of 3-dimensional gravity added to the abstract and the conclusion
JHEP 06 (2024) 134
10.1007/JHEP06(2024)134
null
gr-qc hep-th
http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/
Recently, I studied the thermodynamical properties of the Einstein-Maxwell system with a box boundary in 4-dimensions [1](JHEP 04 (2024) 083). In this paper, I investigate those in 3-dimensions using the zero-loop saddle-point approximation and focusing only on a simple topology sector as usual. Similar to the 4-dimensional case, the system is thermodynamically well-behaved when $\Lambda<0$ (due to the contribution of the "bag of gold" saddles). However, when $\Lambda=0$, a crucial difference to the 4-dimensional case appears, i.e. the 3-dimensional system turns out to be thermodynamically unstable, while the 4-dimensional one is thermodynamically stable. This may offer two options for how we think about the thermodynamics of 3-dimensional gravity with $\Lambda=0$. One is that the zero-loop approximation or restricting the simple topology sector is not sufficient for 3-dimensions with $\Lambda=0$. The other is that 3-dimensional gravity is really thermodynamically unstable when $\Lambda=0$.
[ { "created": "Sun, 3 Mar 2024 08:14:51 GMT", "version": "v1" }, { "created": "Fri, 10 May 2024 02:57:03 GMT", "version": "v2" }, { "created": "Thu, 20 Jun 2024 15:36:26 GMT", "version": "v3" } ]
2024-06-21
[ [ "Miyashita", "Shoichiro", "" ] ]
Recently, I studied the thermodynamical properties of the Einstein-Maxwell system with a box boundary in 4-dimensions [1](JHEP 04 (2024) 083). In this paper, I investigate those in 3-dimensions using the zero-loop saddle-point approximation and focusing only on a simple topology sector as usual. Similar to the 4-dimensional case, the system is thermodynamically well-behaved when $\Lambda<0$ (due to the contribution of the "bag of gold" saddles). However, when $\Lambda=0$, a crucial difference to the 4-dimensional case appears, i.e. the 3-dimensional system turns out to be thermodynamically unstable, while the 4-dimensional one is thermodynamically stable. This may offer two options for how we think about the thermodynamics of 3-dimensional gravity with $\Lambda=0$. One is that the zero-loop approximation or restricting the simple topology sector is not sufficient for 3-dimensions with $\Lambda=0$. The other is that 3-dimensional gravity is really thermodynamically unstable when $\Lambda=0$.
1508.06859
Adam Solomon
Adam R. Solomon
Cosmology Beyond Einstein
PhD thesis, University of Cambridge, April 2015. 301 pages, 20 figures
null
null
null
gr-qc astro-ph.CO hep-th
http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/
The accelerating expansion of the Universe poses a major challenge to our understanding of fundamental physics. One promising avenue is to modify general relativity and obtain a new description of the gravitational force. Because gravitation dominates the other forces mostly on large scales, cosmological probes provide an ideal testing ground for theories of gravity. In this thesis, we describe two complementary approaches to the problem of testing gravity using cosmology. In the first part, we discuss the cosmological solutions of massive gravity and its generalisation to a bimetric theory. These theories describe a graviton with a small mass, and can potentially explain the late-time acceleration in a technically-natural way. We describe these self-accelerating solutions and investigate the cosmological perturbations in depth, beginning with an investigation of their linear stability, followed by the construction of a method for solving these perturbations in the quasistatic limit. This allows the predictions of stable bimetric models to be compared to observations of structure formation. Next, we discuss prospects for theories in which matter "doubly couples" to both metrics, and examine the cosmological expansion history in both massive gravity and bigravity with a specific double coupling which is ghost-free at low energies. In the second and final part, we study the consequences of Lorentz violation during inflation. We consider Einstein-aether theory, in which a vector field spontaneously breaks Lorentz symmetry and couples nonminimally to the metric, and allow the vector to couple in a general way to a scalar field. Specialising to inflation, we discuss the slow-roll solutions in background and at the perturbative level. The system exhibits a severe instability which places constraints on such a vector-scalar coupling to be at least five orders of magnitude stronger [...]
[ { "created": "Tue, 25 Aug 2015 20:06:31 GMT", "version": "v1" } ]
2015-08-28
[ [ "Solomon", "Adam R.", "" ] ]
The accelerating expansion of the Universe poses a major challenge to our understanding of fundamental physics. One promising avenue is to modify general relativity and obtain a new description of the gravitational force. Because gravitation dominates the other forces mostly on large scales, cosmological probes provide an ideal testing ground for theories of gravity. In this thesis, we describe two complementary approaches to the problem of testing gravity using cosmology. In the first part, we discuss the cosmological solutions of massive gravity and its generalisation to a bimetric theory. These theories describe a graviton with a small mass, and can potentially explain the late-time acceleration in a technically-natural way. We describe these self-accelerating solutions and investigate the cosmological perturbations in depth, beginning with an investigation of their linear stability, followed by the construction of a method for solving these perturbations in the quasistatic limit. This allows the predictions of stable bimetric models to be compared to observations of structure formation. Next, we discuss prospects for theories in which matter "doubly couples" to both metrics, and examine the cosmological expansion history in both massive gravity and bigravity with a specific double coupling which is ghost-free at low energies. In the second and final part, we study the consequences of Lorentz violation during inflation. We consider Einstein-aether theory, in which a vector field spontaneously breaks Lorentz symmetry and couples nonminimally to the metric, and allow the vector to couple in a general way to a scalar field. Specialising to inflation, we discuss the slow-roll solutions in background and at the perturbative level. The system exhibits a severe instability which places constraints on such a vector-scalar coupling to be at least five orders of magnitude stronger [...]
gr-qc/0306018
Gilles Esposito-Farese
Gilles Esposito-Farese
Scalar-tensor theories and cosmology
8 pages, 2 figures, uses "moriond.sty", contribution to the XXXVIIIth Rencontres de Moriond on Gravitational Waves and Experimental Gravity, Les Arcs (France), March 23-29 2003
Proceedings The Gioi Publishers (Vietnam, 2003) p. 427
null
null
gr-qc astro-ph
null
Scalar-tensor theories are the best motivated alternatives to general relativity and provide a mathematically consistent framework to test the various observable predictions. They can involve three functions of the scalar field: (i) a potential (as in "quintessence" models), (ii) a matter-scalar coupling function (as in "extended quintessence", where it may also be rewritten as a nonminimal coupling of the scalar field to the scalar curvature), and (iii) a coupling function of the scalar field to the Gauss-Bonnet topological invariant. We recall the main experimental constraints on this class of theories, and underline that solar-system, binary-pulsar, and cosmological observations give qualitatively different tests. We finally show that the combination of these data is necessary to constrain the existence of a scalar-Gauss-Bonnet coupling.
[ { "created": "Wed, 4 Jun 2003 14:04:46 GMT", "version": "v1" } ]
2007-05-23
[ [ "Esposito-Farese", "Gilles", "" ] ]
Scalar-tensor theories are the best motivated alternatives to general relativity and provide a mathematically consistent framework to test the various observable predictions. They can involve three functions of the scalar field: (i) a potential (as in "quintessence" models), (ii) a matter-scalar coupling function (as in "extended quintessence", where it may also be rewritten as a nonminimal coupling of the scalar field to the scalar curvature), and (iii) a coupling function of the scalar field to the Gauss-Bonnet topological invariant. We recall the main experimental constraints on this class of theories, and underline that solar-system, binary-pulsar, and cosmological observations give qualitatively different tests. We finally show that the combination of these data is necessary to constrain the existence of a scalar-Gauss-Bonnet coupling.
1803.03246
Clement Delcamp
Clement Delcamp, Laurent Freidel, Florian Girelli
Dual loop quantizations of 3d gravity
33 pages
null
null
null
gr-qc
http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/
The loop quantization of 3d gravity consists in defining the Hilbert space of states satisfying the Gau{\ss} constraint and the flatness constraint. The Gau{\ss} constraint is enforced at the kinematical level by introducing spin networks which form a basis for the Hilbert space of gauge invariant functionals. The flatness constraint is implemented at the dynamical level via the Ponzano-Regge state-sum model. We propose in this work a dual loop quantization scheme where the role of the constraints is exchanged. The flatness constraint is imposed first via the introduction of a new basis labeled by group variables, while the Gau{\ss} constraint is implemented dynamically using a projector which is related to the Dijkgraaf-Witten model. We discuss how this alternative quantization program is related to 3d teleparallel gravity.
[ { "created": "Thu, 8 Mar 2018 18:40:41 GMT", "version": "v1" } ]
2018-03-09
[ [ "Delcamp", "Clement", "" ], [ "Freidel", "Laurent", "" ], [ "Girelli", "Florian", "" ] ]
The loop quantization of 3d gravity consists in defining the Hilbert space of states satisfying the Gau{\ss} constraint and the flatness constraint. The Gau{\ss} constraint is enforced at the kinematical level by introducing spin networks which form a basis for the Hilbert space of gauge invariant functionals. The flatness constraint is implemented at the dynamical level via the Ponzano-Regge state-sum model. We propose in this work a dual loop quantization scheme where the role of the constraints is exchanged. The flatness constraint is imposed first via the introduction of a new basis labeled by group variables, while the Gau{\ss} constraint is implemented dynamically using a projector which is related to the Dijkgraaf-Witten model. We discuss how this alternative quantization program is related to 3d teleparallel gravity.
1009.6064
Azad Akhter Siddiqui Professor
Azad A. Siddiqui
Foliation of the Kottler-Schwarzschild-De Sitter Spacetime by Flat Spacelike Hypersurfaces
12 pages, 4 figures
Gen.Rel.Grav.43:1189-1196,2011
10.1007/s10714-010-1064-7
null
gr-qc
http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/
There exist Kruskal like coordinates for the Reissner-Nordstrom (RN) black hole spacetime which are regular at coordinate singularities. Non existence of such coordinates for the extreme RN black hole spacetime has already been shown. Also the Carter coordinates available for the extreme case are not manifestly regular at the coordinate singularity, therefore, a numerical procedure was developed to obtain free fall geodesics and flat foliation for the extreme RN black hole spacetime. The Kottler-Schwarzschild-de Sitter (KSSdS) spacetime geometry is similar to the RN geometry in the sense that, like the RN case, there exist non-singular coordinates when there are two distinct coordinate singularities. There are no manifestly regular coordinates for the extreme KSSdS case. In this paper foliation of all the cases of the KSSdS spacetime by flat spacelike hypersurfaces is obtained by introducing a non-singular time coordinate.
[ { "created": "Thu, 30 Sep 2010 08:31:00 GMT", "version": "v1" }, { "created": "Wed, 30 Nov 2011 07:23:57 GMT", "version": "v2" } ]
2011-12-01
[ [ "Siddiqui", "Azad A.", "" ] ]
There exist Kruskal like coordinates for the Reissner-Nordstrom (RN) black hole spacetime which are regular at coordinate singularities. Non existence of such coordinates for the extreme RN black hole spacetime has already been shown. Also the Carter coordinates available for the extreme case are not manifestly regular at the coordinate singularity, therefore, a numerical procedure was developed to obtain free fall geodesics and flat foliation for the extreme RN black hole spacetime. The Kottler-Schwarzschild-de Sitter (KSSdS) spacetime geometry is similar to the RN geometry in the sense that, like the RN case, there exist non-singular coordinates when there are two distinct coordinate singularities. There are no manifestly regular coordinates for the extreme KSSdS case. In this paper foliation of all the cases of the KSSdS spacetime by flat spacelike hypersurfaces is obtained by introducing a non-singular time coordinate.
gr-qc/0305040
Bahram Mashhoon
Bahram Mashhoon
Nonlocality of Accelerated Systems
LaTeX file, no figures, 9 pages, to appear in: "Black Holes, Gravitational Waves and Cosmology" (World Scientific, Singapore, 2003)
Int.J.Mod.Phys. D14 (2005) 171-179
10.1142/S0218271805005864
null
gr-qc astro-ph
null
The conceptual basis for the nonlocality of accelerated systems is presented. The nonlocal theory of accelerated observers and its consequences are briefly described. Nonlocal field equations are developed for the case of the electrodynamics of linearly accelerated systems.
[ { "created": "Sun, 11 May 2003 20:18:50 GMT", "version": "v1" } ]
2009-11-10
[ [ "Mashhoon", "Bahram", "" ] ]
The conceptual basis for the nonlocality of accelerated systems is presented. The nonlocal theory of accelerated observers and its consequences are briefly described. Nonlocal field equations are developed for the case of the electrodynamics of linearly accelerated systems.
1004.1989
Stefan Liebscher
Stefan Liebscher, J\"org H\"arterich, Kevin Webster, Marc Georgi
Ancient Dynamics in Bianchi Models: Approach to Periodic Cycles
Minor corrections and clarifications throughout the text, according to referee's suggestions
Commun.Math.Phys.305:59-83,2011
10.1007/s00220-011-1248-3
null
gr-qc math.DS
http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/
We consider cosmological models of Bianchi type. In particular, we are interested in the alpha-limit dynamics near the Kasner circle of equilibria for Bianchi classes VIII and IX. They correspond to cosmological models close to the big-bang singularity. We prove the existence of a codimension-one family of solutions that limit, for t to negative infinity, onto a heteroclinic 3-cycle to the Kasner circle of equilibria. The theory extends to arbitrary heteroclinic chains that are uniformly bounded away from the three critical Taub points on the Kasner circle, in particular to all closed heteroclinic cycles of the Kasner map.
[ { "created": "Mon, 12 Apr 2010 15:32:05 GMT", "version": "v1" }, { "created": "Tue, 27 Apr 2010 09:15:15 GMT", "version": "v2" }, { "created": "Wed, 20 Oct 2010 16:43:47 GMT", "version": "v3" } ]
2011-05-18
[ [ "Liebscher", "Stefan", "" ], [ "Härterich", "Jörg", "" ], [ "Webster", "Kevin", "" ], [ "Georgi", "Marc", "" ] ]
We consider cosmological models of Bianchi type. In particular, we are interested in the alpha-limit dynamics near the Kasner circle of equilibria for Bianchi classes VIII and IX. They correspond to cosmological models close to the big-bang singularity. We prove the existence of a codimension-one family of solutions that limit, for t to negative infinity, onto a heteroclinic 3-cycle to the Kasner circle of equilibria. The theory extends to arbitrary heteroclinic chains that are uniformly bounded away from the three critical Taub points on the Kasner circle, in particular to all closed heteroclinic cycles of the Kasner map.
1503.01417
Gabriel Leon
Gabriel Leon and Daniel Sudarsky
Origin of structure: Statistical characterization of the primordial density fluctuations and the collapse of the wave function
24 pages, 3 figures. Minor corrections, accepted for publication in JCAP. arXiv admin note: substantial text overlap with arXiv:1312.7590
JCAP 06(2015)020
10.1088/1475-7516/2015/06/020
null
gr-qc astro-ph.CO
http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/
The statistical properties of the primordial density perturbations has been considered in the past decade as a powerful probe of the physical processes taking place in the early universe. Within the inflationary paradigm, the properties of the bispectrum are one of the keys that serves to discriminate among competing scenarios concerning the details of the origin of cosmological perturbations. However, all of the scenarios, based on the conventional approach to the so-called "quantum-to-classical transition" during inflation, lack the ability to point out the precise physical mechanism responsible for generating the inhomogeneity and anisotropy of our universe starting from and exactly homogeneous and isotropic vacuum state associated with the early inflationary regime. In past works, we have shown that the proposals involving a spontaneous dynamical reduction of the quantum state provide plausible explanations for the birth of said primordial inhomogeneities and anisotropies. In the present manuscript we show that, when considering within the context of such proposals, the characterization of the spectrum and bispectrum turn out to be quite different from those found in the traditional approach, and in particular, some of the statistical features, must be treated in a different way leading to some rather different conclusions.
[ { "created": "Wed, 4 Mar 2015 18:59:34 GMT", "version": "v1" }, { "created": "Sat, 6 Jun 2015 22:31:17 GMT", "version": "v2" } ]
2015-06-15
[ [ "Leon", "Gabriel", "" ], [ "Sudarsky", "Daniel", "" ] ]
The statistical properties of the primordial density perturbations has been considered in the past decade as a powerful probe of the physical processes taking place in the early universe. Within the inflationary paradigm, the properties of the bispectrum are one of the keys that serves to discriminate among competing scenarios concerning the details of the origin of cosmological perturbations. However, all of the scenarios, based on the conventional approach to the so-called "quantum-to-classical transition" during inflation, lack the ability to point out the precise physical mechanism responsible for generating the inhomogeneity and anisotropy of our universe starting from and exactly homogeneous and isotropic vacuum state associated with the early inflationary regime. In past works, we have shown that the proposals involving a spontaneous dynamical reduction of the quantum state provide plausible explanations for the birth of said primordial inhomogeneities and anisotropies. In the present manuscript we show that, when considering within the context of such proposals, the characterization of the spectrum and bispectrum turn out to be quite different from those found in the traditional approach, and in particular, some of the statistical features, must be treated in a different way leading to some rather different conclusions.
2208.11615
En-Kun Li
Jun Cheng, En-Kun Li, Yi-Ming Hu, Zheng-Cheng Liang, Jian-dong Zhang, Jianwei Mei
Detecting the stochastic gravitational wave background with the TianQin detector
28 pages, 8 figures
null
10.1103/PhysRevD.106.124027
null
gr-qc astro-ph.CO astro-ph.IM
http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/
The detection of stochastic gravitational wave background (SGWB) is among the leading scientific goals of the space-borne gravitational wave observatory, which would have significant impact on astrophysics and fundamental physics. In this work, we developed a data analysis software, \texttt{TQSGWB}, which can extract isotropic SGWB using the Bayes analysis method based on the TianQin detector. We find that for the noise cross spectrum, there are imaginary components and they play an important role in breaking the degeneracy of the position noise in the common laser link. When the imaginary corrections are considered, the credible regions of the position noise parameters are reduced by two orders of magnitude. We demonstrate that the parameters of various signals and instrumental noise could be estimated directly in the absence of a Galactic confusion foreground through Markov chain Monte Carlo sampling. With only a three-month observation, we find that TianQin could be able to confidently detect SGWBs with energy density as low as $\Omega_{\rm PL} = 1.3 \times 10^{-12}$, $\Omega_{\rm Flat} = 6.0 \times 10^{-12}$, and $\Omega_{\rm SP} = 9.0 \times 10^{-12}$, for power-law, flat, and single-peak models respectively.
[ { "created": "Wed, 24 Aug 2022 15:36:02 GMT", "version": "v1" }, { "created": "Sun, 4 Dec 2022 15:32:12 GMT", "version": "v2" } ]
2023-01-04
[ [ "Cheng", "Jun", "" ], [ "Li", "En-Kun", "" ], [ "Hu", "Yi-Ming", "" ], [ "Liang", "Zheng-Cheng", "" ], [ "Zhang", "Jian-dong", "" ], [ "Mei", "Jianwei", "" ] ]
The detection of stochastic gravitational wave background (SGWB) is among the leading scientific goals of the space-borne gravitational wave observatory, which would have significant impact on astrophysics and fundamental physics. In this work, we developed a data analysis software, \texttt{TQSGWB}, which can extract isotropic SGWB using the Bayes analysis method based on the TianQin detector. We find that for the noise cross spectrum, there are imaginary components and they play an important role in breaking the degeneracy of the position noise in the common laser link. When the imaginary corrections are considered, the credible regions of the position noise parameters are reduced by two orders of magnitude. We demonstrate that the parameters of various signals and instrumental noise could be estimated directly in the absence of a Galactic confusion foreground through Markov chain Monte Carlo sampling. With only a three-month observation, we find that TianQin could be able to confidently detect SGWBs with energy density as low as $\Omega_{\rm PL} = 1.3 \times 10^{-12}$, $\Omega_{\rm Flat} = 6.0 \times 10^{-12}$, and $\Omega_{\rm SP} = 9.0 \times 10^{-12}$, for power-law, flat, and single-peak models respectively.
1601.01072
Atsushi Nishizawa
Atsushi Nishizawa
Constraining the propagation speed of gravitational waves with compact binaries at cosmological distances
9 pages, 9 figures
Phys. Rev. D 93, 124036 (2016)
10.1103/PhysRevD.93.124036
null
gr-qc
http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/
In testing gravity a model-independent way, one of crucial tests is measuring the propagation speed of a gravitational wave (GW). In general relativity, a GW propagates with the speed of light, while in the alternative theories of gravity the propagation speed could deviate from the speed of light due to the modification of gravity or spacetime structure at a quantum level. Previously we proposed the method measuring the GW speed by directly comparing the arrival times between a GW and a photon from the binary merger of neutron stars or neutron star and black hole, assuming that it is associated with a short gamma-ray burst. The sensitivity is limited by the intrinsic time delay between a GW and a photon at the source. In this paper, we extend the method to distinguish the intrinsic time delay from the true signal caused by anomalous GW speed with multiple events at cosmological distances, also considering the redshift distribution of GW sources, redshift-dependent GW propagation speed, and the statistics of intrinsic time delays. We show that an advanced GW detector such as Einstein Telescope will constrain the GW propagation speed at the precision of ~10^{-16}. We also discuss the optimal statistic to measure the GW speed, performing numerical simulations.
[ { "created": "Wed, 6 Jan 2016 03:43:26 GMT", "version": "v1" }, { "created": "Thu, 4 Feb 2016 03:55:05 GMT", "version": "v2" } ]
2016-06-22
[ [ "Nishizawa", "Atsushi", "" ] ]
In testing gravity a model-independent way, one of crucial tests is measuring the propagation speed of a gravitational wave (GW). In general relativity, a GW propagates with the speed of light, while in the alternative theories of gravity the propagation speed could deviate from the speed of light due to the modification of gravity or spacetime structure at a quantum level. Previously we proposed the method measuring the GW speed by directly comparing the arrival times between a GW and a photon from the binary merger of neutron stars or neutron star and black hole, assuming that it is associated with a short gamma-ray burst. The sensitivity is limited by the intrinsic time delay between a GW and a photon at the source. In this paper, we extend the method to distinguish the intrinsic time delay from the true signal caused by anomalous GW speed with multiple events at cosmological distances, also considering the redshift distribution of GW sources, redshift-dependent GW propagation speed, and the statistics of intrinsic time delays. We show that an advanced GW detector such as Einstein Telescope will constrain the GW propagation speed at the precision of ~10^{-16}. We also discuss the optimal statistic to measure the GW speed, performing numerical simulations.
1302.2198
K G Arun
K G Arun, Archana Pai
Tests of General Relativity and Alternative theories of gravity using Gravitational Wave observations
Invited Review to International Journal of Modern Physics D (based on a talk in ASTROD symposium, Bangalore)
International Journal of Modern Physics D, Vol. 22, 1341012 (2013)
10.1142/S0218271813410125
null
gr-qc astro-ph.HE
http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/
Gravitational Wave (GW) observations of coalescing compact binaries will be unique probes of strong-field, dynamical aspects of relativistic gravity. We present a short review of various schemes proposed in the literature to test General Relativity (GR) and alternative theories of gravity using inspiral waveforms. Broadly these schemes may be classified into two types: model dependent and model independent. In the model dependent category, GW observations are compared against a specific waveform model representative of a particular theory or a class of theories like Scalar-Tensor theories, Dynamical Chern-Simons theory and Massive graviton theories. Model independent tests are attempts to write down a parametrised gravitational waveform where the free parameters take different values for different theories and (at least some of) which can be constrained by GW observations. We revisit some of the proposed bounds in the case of downscaled LISA configuration (eLISA) and compare them with the original LISA configuration. We also compare the expected bounds on alternative theories of gravity from ground-based and space-based detectors and find that space-based GW detectors can test GR and other theories of gravity with unprecedented accuracies. We then focus on a recent proposal to use singular value decomposition (SVD) of the Fisher information matrix to improve the accuracies with which Post-Newtonian (PN) theory can be tested. We extend those results to the case of space based detector eLISA and discuss its implications.
[ { "created": "Sat, 9 Feb 2013 05:40:18 GMT", "version": "v1" } ]
2015-06-15
[ [ "Arun", "K G", "" ], [ "Pai", "Archana", "" ] ]
Gravitational Wave (GW) observations of coalescing compact binaries will be unique probes of strong-field, dynamical aspects of relativistic gravity. We present a short review of various schemes proposed in the literature to test General Relativity (GR) and alternative theories of gravity using inspiral waveforms. Broadly these schemes may be classified into two types: model dependent and model independent. In the model dependent category, GW observations are compared against a specific waveform model representative of a particular theory or a class of theories like Scalar-Tensor theories, Dynamical Chern-Simons theory and Massive graviton theories. Model independent tests are attempts to write down a parametrised gravitational waveform where the free parameters take different values for different theories and (at least some of) which can be constrained by GW observations. We revisit some of the proposed bounds in the case of downscaled LISA configuration (eLISA) and compare them with the original LISA configuration. We also compare the expected bounds on alternative theories of gravity from ground-based and space-based detectors and find that space-based GW detectors can test GR and other theories of gravity with unprecedented accuracies. We then focus on a recent proposal to use singular value decomposition (SVD) of the Fisher information matrix to improve the accuracies with which Post-Newtonian (PN) theory can be tested. We extend those results to the case of space based detector eLISA and discuss its implications.
1111.3535
Thomas Cailleteau Mr
Thomas Cailleteau, Jakub Mielczarek, Aurelien Barrau and Julien Grain
Anomaly-free scalar perturbations with holonomy corrections in loop quantum cosmology
19 pages, 1 figure, v2, new comments and references added, minor corrections
Class.Quantum Grav. 29 095010 2012
10.1088/0264-9381/29/9/095010
null
gr-qc astro-ph.CO hep-th
http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/
Holonomy corrections to scalar perturbations are investigated in the loop quantum cosmology framework. Due to the effective approach, modifications of the algebra of constraints generically lead to anomalies. In order to remove those anomalies, counter-terms are introduced. We find a way to explicitly fulfill the conditions for anomaly freedom and we give explicit expressions for the counter-terms. Surprisingly, the "new quantization scheme" naturally arises in this procedure. The gauge invariant variables are found and equations of motion for the anomaly-free scalar perturbations are derived. Finally, some cosmological consequences are discussed qualitatively.
[ { "created": "Tue, 15 Nov 2011 14:35:03 GMT", "version": "v1" }, { "created": "Thu, 15 Dec 2011 09:32:39 GMT", "version": "v2" } ]
2012-11-01
[ [ "Cailleteau", "Thomas", "" ], [ "Mielczarek", "Jakub", "" ], [ "Barrau", "Aurelien", "" ], [ "Grain", "Julien", "" ] ]
Holonomy corrections to scalar perturbations are investigated in the loop quantum cosmology framework. Due to the effective approach, modifications of the algebra of constraints generically lead to anomalies. In order to remove those anomalies, counter-terms are introduced. We find a way to explicitly fulfill the conditions for anomaly freedom and we give explicit expressions for the counter-terms. Surprisingly, the "new quantization scheme" naturally arises in this procedure. The gauge invariant variables are found and equations of motion for the anomaly-free scalar perturbations are derived. Finally, some cosmological consequences are discussed qualitatively.
2309.14270
Ivan Avramidi
Ivan G. Avramidi and Roberto Niardi
MOND via Matrix Gravity
31 pages, minor corrections
null
null
null
gr-qc astro-ph.GA
http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/
MOND theory has arisen as a promising alternative to dark matter in explaining the collection of discrepancies that constitute the so-called missing mass problem. The MOND paradigm is briefly reviewed. It is shown that MOND theory can be incorporated in the framework of the recently proposed Matrix Gravity. In particular, we demonstrate that Matrix Gravity contains MOND as a particular case, which adds to the validity of Matrix Gravity and proves it is deserving of further inquiry.
[ { "created": "Mon, 25 Sep 2023 16:30:26 GMT", "version": "v1" }, { "created": "Wed, 27 Sep 2023 05:20:28 GMT", "version": "v2" }, { "created": "Fri, 16 Feb 2024 16:43:02 GMT", "version": "v3" } ]
2024-02-19
[ [ "Avramidi", "Ivan G.", "" ], [ "Niardi", "Roberto", "" ] ]
MOND theory has arisen as a promising alternative to dark matter in explaining the collection of discrepancies that constitute the so-called missing mass problem. The MOND paradigm is briefly reviewed. It is shown that MOND theory can be incorporated in the framework of the recently proposed Matrix Gravity. In particular, we demonstrate that Matrix Gravity contains MOND as a particular case, which adds to the validity of Matrix Gravity and proves it is deserving of further inquiry.
gr-qc/0211044
Mauricio Bellini
Mauricio Bellini (IFM, Michoacana University)
Fresh inflation with increasing cosmological parameter
5 pages, 5 figures (accepted in Phys. Rev. D)
Phys.Rev. D67 (2003) 027303
10.1103/PhysRevD.67.027303
null
gr-qc hep-ph
null
I study a fresh inflationary model with an increasing F-cosmological parameter. The model provides sufficiently e-folds to solve the flatness/horizon problem and the density fluctuations agree with experimental values. The temperature increases during fresh inflation and reach its maximum value when inflation ends. I find that entropy perturbations always remain below $10^{-4}$ during fresh inflation and become negligible when fresh inflation ends. Hence, the adiabatic fluctuations dominate the primordial spectrum at the end of fresh inflation.
[ { "created": "Tue, 12 Nov 2002 17:15:34 GMT", "version": "v1" }, { "created": "Fri, 15 Nov 2002 00:27:26 GMT", "version": "v2" } ]
2009-11-07
[ [ "Bellini", "Mauricio", "", "IFM, Michoacana University" ] ]
I study a fresh inflationary model with an increasing F-cosmological parameter. The model provides sufficiently e-folds to solve the flatness/horizon problem and the density fluctuations agree with experimental values. The temperature increases during fresh inflation and reach its maximum value when inflation ends. I find that entropy perturbations always remain below $10^{-4}$ during fresh inflation and become negligible when fresh inflation ends. Hence, the adiabatic fluctuations dominate the primordial spectrum at the end of fresh inflation.
gr-qc/0211093
Stoytcho Yazadjiev
Stoytcho S. Yazadjiev (Sofia University)
A class of homogeneous scalar-tensor cosmologies with a radiation fluid
7 pages, LaTex; v2 type mistakes corrected, comments added
Mod.Phys.Lett. A18 (2003) 1967-1974
10.1142/S0217732303011824
null
gr-qc
null
We present a new class of exact homogeneous cosmological solutions with a radiation fluid for all scalar-tensor theories. The solutions belong to Bianchi type $VI_{h}$ cosmologies. Explicit examples of nonsingular homogeneous scalar-tensor cosmologies are also given.
[ { "created": "Wed, 27 Nov 2002 12:52:03 GMT", "version": "v1" }, { "created": "Tue, 21 Jan 2003 07:06:06 GMT", "version": "v2" } ]
2009-11-07
[ [ "Yazadjiev", "Stoytcho S.", "", "Sofia University" ] ]
We present a new class of exact homogeneous cosmological solutions with a radiation fluid for all scalar-tensor theories. The solutions belong to Bianchi type $VI_{h}$ cosmologies. Explicit examples of nonsingular homogeneous scalar-tensor cosmologies are also given.
1901.09273
Damiano Anselmi
Damiano Anselmi
Fakeons and the classicization of quantum gravity: the FLRW metric
27 pages, 3 figures; v2: typos corrected and refs. updated, JHEP
J. High Energy Phys. 04 (2019) 61
10.1007/JHEP04(2019)061
null
gr-qc hep-th
http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/
Under certain assumptions, it is possible to make sense of higher derivative theories by quantizing the unwanted degrees of freedom as fakeons, which are later projected away. Then the true classical limit is obtained by classicizing the quantum theory. Since quantum field theory is formulated perturbatively, the classicization is also perturbative. After deriving a number of properties in a general setting, we consider the theory of quantum gravity that emerges from the fakeon idea and study its classicization, focusing on the FLRW metric. We point out cases where the fakeon projection can be handled exactly, which include radiation, the vacuum energy density and the combination of the two, and cases where it cannot, which include dust. Generically, the classical limit shares many features with the quantum theory it comes from, including the impossibility to write down complete, "exact" field equations, to the extent that asymptotic series and nonperturbative effects come into play.
[ { "created": "Sat, 26 Jan 2019 20:08:38 GMT", "version": "v1" }, { "created": "Tue, 9 Apr 2019 15:12:58 GMT", "version": "v2" } ]
2019-04-10
[ [ "Anselmi", "Damiano", "" ] ]
Under certain assumptions, it is possible to make sense of higher derivative theories by quantizing the unwanted degrees of freedom as fakeons, which are later projected away. Then the true classical limit is obtained by classicizing the quantum theory. Since quantum field theory is formulated perturbatively, the classicization is also perturbative. After deriving a number of properties in a general setting, we consider the theory of quantum gravity that emerges from the fakeon idea and study its classicization, focusing on the FLRW metric. We point out cases where the fakeon projection can be handled exactly, which include radiation, the vacuum energy density and the combination of the two, and cases where it cannot, which include dust. Generically, the classical limit shares many features with the quantum theory it comes from, including the impossibility to write down complete, "exact" field equations, to the extent that asymptotic series and nonperturbative effects come into play.
1910.13217
Avadhut Purohit
Avadhut V. Purohit
The status of geometry and matter in re-interpreted WdW equation
6 pages
Phys. Sci. Forum 2023, 7(1), 37
10.3390/ECU2023-14097
null
gr-qc
http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/
I have shown that the field defined by the Wheeler-DeWitt equation for \textit{pure gravity} is neither a standard gravitational field nor the field representing a particular universe. The theory offers a unified description of geometry and matter, with geometry being fundamental. The quantum theory possesses gravitational decoherence when the signature of $R^{(3)}$ changes. The quantum theory resolves singularities dynamically. Application to the FLRW $\kappa=0$ shows the creation of local geometries during quantum evolution. The 3-metric gets modified near the classical singularity in the case of the Schwarzschild geometry.
[ { "created": "Tue, 29 Oct 2019 11:57:03 GMT", "version": "v1" }, { "created": "Thu, 15 Jul 2021 05:22:07 GMT", "version": "v2" }, { "created": "Mon, 16 May 2022 12:47:14 GMT", "version": "v3" }, { "created": "Wed, 27 Sep 2023 09:42:07 GMT", "version": "v4" } ]
2023-09-28
[ [ "Purohit", "Avadhut V.", "" ] ]
I have shown that the field defined by the Wheeler-DeWitt equation for \textit{pure gravity} is neither a standard gravitational field nor the field representing a particular universe. The theory offers a unified description of geometry and matter, with geometry being fundamental. The quantum theory possesses gravitational decoherence when the signature of $R^{(3)}$ changes. The quantum theory resolves singularities dynamically. Application to the FLRW $\kappa=0$ shows the creation of local geometries during quantum evolution. The 3-metric gets modified near the classical singularity in the case of the Schwarzschild geometry.
2108.04702
Xiang-Hua Zhai
Rui Jiang, Rui-Hui Lin and Xiang-Hua Zhai
Superradiant instability of the Kerr-like black hole in Einstein-bumblebee gravity
18 pages, 3 figures, 1 table, version accepted for publication in Physical Review D
null
10.1103/PhysRevD.104.124004
null
gr-qc astro-ph.HE hep-th
http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/
An exact Kerr-like solution has been obtained recently in Einstein-bumblebee gravity model where Lorentz symmetry is spontaneously broken. In this paper, we investigate the superradiant instability of the Kerr-like black hole under the perturbation of a massive scalar field. We find the Lorentz breaking parameter $L$ does not affect the superradiance regime or the regime of the bound states. However, since $L$ appears in the metric and its effect cannot be erased by redefining the rotation parameter $\tilde{a}=\sqrt{1+L}a$, it indeed affects the bound state spectrum and the superradiance. We calculate the bound state spectrum via the continued-fraction method and show the influence of $L$ on the maximum binding energy and the damping rate. The superradiant instability could occur since the superradiance condition and the bound state condition could be both satisfied. Compared with Kerr black hole, the nature of the superradiant instability of this black hole depends non-monotonously not only on the rotation parameter of the black hole $\tilde{a}$ and the product of the black hole mass $M$ and the field mass $\mu$, but also on the Lorentz breaking parameter $L$. Through the Monte Carlo method, we find that for $l=m=1$ state the most unstable mode occurs at $L=-0.79637$, $\tilde{a}/M=0.99884$ and $M\mu=0.43920$, with the maximum growth rate of the field $\omega_{I}M=1.676\times10^{-6}$, which is about 10 times of that in Kerr black hole.
[ { "created": "Tue, 10 Aug 2021 14:02:50 GMT", "version": "v1" }, { "created": "Fri, 5 Nov 2021 12:39:30 GMT", "version": "v2" } ]
2021-12-15
[ [ "Jiang", "Rui", "" ], [ "Lin", "Rui-Hui", "" ], [ "Zhai", "Xiang-Hua", "" ] ]
An exact Kerr-like solution has been obtained recently in Einstein-bumblebee gravity model where Lorentz symmetry is spontaneously broken. In this paper, we investigate the superradiant instability of the Kerr-like black hole under the perturbation of a massive scalar field. We find the Lorentz breaking parameter $L$ does not affect the superradiance regime or the regime of the bound states. However, since $L$ appears in the metric and its effect cannot be erased by redefining the rotation parameter $\tilde{a}=\sqrt{1+L}a$, it indeed affects the bound state spectrum and the superradiance. We calculate the bound state spectrum via the continued-fraction method and show the influence of $L$ on the maximum binding energy and the damping rate. The superradiant instability could occur since the superradiance condition and the bound state condition could be both satisfied. Compared with Kerr black hole, the nature of the superradiant instability of this black hole depends non-monotonously not only on the rotation parameter of the black hole $\tilde{a}$ and the product of the black hole mass $M$ and the field mass $\mu$, but also on the Lorentz breaking parameter $L$. Through the Monte Carlo method, we find that for $l=m=1$ state the most unstable mode occurs at $L=-0.79637$, $\tilde{a}/M=0.99884$ and $M\mu=0.43920$, with the maximum growth rate of the field $\omega_{I}M=1.676\times10^{-6}$, which is about 10 times of that in Kerr black hole.
0812.3759
Witold Chmielowiec
Witold Chmielowiec, Jerzy Kijowski
Hamiltonian description of radiation phenomena: Trautman-Bondi energy and corner conditions
16 pages, 1 figure
Rept.Math.Phys.64:223-240,2009
10.1016/S0034-4877(09)90028-3
null
gr-qc
http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/
Cauchy initial value problem on a hyperboloid is proved to define a Hamiltonian system, provided the radiation data at null infinity are also taken into account, as a part of Cauchy data. The "Trautman-Bondi mass", supplemented by the "already radiated energy" assigned to radiation data, plays role of the Hamiltonian function. This approach leads to correct description of the corner conditions.
[ { "created": "Fri, 19 Dec 2008 11:47:03 GMT", "version": "v1" }, { "created": "Mon, 30 Nov 2009 13:25:37 GMT", "version": "v2" } ]
2010-03-04
[ [ "Chmielowiec", "Witold", "" ], [ "Kijowski", "Jerzy", "" ] ]
Cauchy initial value problem on a hyperboloid is proved to define a Hamiltonian system, provided the radiation data at null infinity are also taken into account, as a part of Cauchy data. The "Trautman-Bondi mass", supplemented by the "already radiated energy" assigned to radiation data, plays role of the Hamiltonian function. This approach leads to correct description of the corner conditions.
1008.5023
Brian Dolan
Brian P. Dolan
The cosmological constant and the black hole equation of state
20 pages, 4 figures: some typos corrected in v5
Class.Quant.Grav.28:125020,2011
10.1088/0264-9381/28/12/125020
DIAS-STP-10-10
gr-qc hep-th
http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/
The thermodynamics of black holes in various dimensions are described in the presence of a negative cosmological constant which is treated as a thermodynamic variable, interpreted as a pressure in the equation of state. The black hole mass is then identified with the enthalpy, rather than the internal energy, and heat capacities are calculated at constant pressure not at constant volume. The Euclidean action is associated with a bridge equation for the Gibbs free energy and not the Helmholtz free energy. Quantum corrections to the enthalpy and the equation of state of the BTZ black hole are studied.
[ { "created": "Mon, 30 Aug 2010 08:41:58 GMT", "version": "v1" }, { "created": "Thu, 5 May 2011 15:42:07 GMT", "version": "v2" }, { "created": "Wed, 17 Aug 2011 15:21:19 GMT", "version": "v3" }, { "created": "Fri, 21 Dec 2012 16:23:47 GMT", "version": "v4" } ]
2012-12-24
[ [ "Dolan", "Brian P.", "" ] ]
The thermodynamics of black holes in various dimensions are described in the presence of a negative cosmological constant which is treated as a thermodynamic variable, interpreted as a pressure in the equation of state. The black hole mass is then identified with the enthalpy, rather than the internal energy, and heat capacities are calculated at constant pressure not at constant volume. The Euclidean action is associated with a bridge equation for the Gibbs free energy and not the Helmholtz free energy. Quantum corrections to the enthalpy and the equation of state of the BTZ black hole are studied.
2312.09908
Sreekanth Harikumar
Sreekanth Harikumar, Laur J\"arv, Margus Saal, Aneta Wojnar, Marek Biesiada
Propagation and lensing of gravitational waves in Palatini $f(\hat R)$ gravity
null
null
10.1103/PhysRevD.109.124014
null
gr-qc
http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/
Accelerated expansion of the Universe prompted searches of modified gravity theory beyond general relativity, instead of adding a mysterious dark energy component with exotic physical properties. One such alternative gravity approach is metric-affine Palatini $f(\hat{R})$ theory. By now routine gravitational wave detections have opened a promising avenue of searching for modified gravity effects. Future expected cases of strong lensing of gravitational waves will enhance this opportunity further. In this paper, we present a systematic study of the propagation and gravitational lensing of gravitational waves in Palatini $f(\hat R)$ gravity and compare it with general relativity. Using the WKB approximation we explore the geometric-optical limit of lensing and derive the corrections to the measured luminosity distance of the gravitational source. In addition, we study the lensing by the Singular Isothermal Sphere lens model and show that Palatini $f(\hat{R})$ modifies the lensing potential and hence the deflection angle. Then we show that the lens model and chosen theory of gravity influences the rotation of the gravitational wave polarization plane through the deflection angle. To be more specific we discuss the $f(\hat R)=\hat R+\alpha \hat R^2$ gravity theory and find that the modifications comparing to general relativity are negligible if the upper bound of $\alpha \sim 10^{9} \, $m$^2$ suggested in the literature is adopted. However, this bound is not firmly established and can be updated in the future. Therefore, the results we obtained could be valuable for further metric-affine gravity vs. general relativity tests involving lensing of gravitational waves and comparison of luminosity distances measured from electromagnetic and gravitational wave sources.
[ { "created": "Fri, 15 Dec 2023 16:12:28 GMT", "version": "v1" }, { "created": "Sat, 8 Jun 2024 08:10:37 GMT", "version": "v2" } ]
2024-06-11
[ [ "Harikumar", "Sreekanth", "" ], [ "Järv", "Laur", "" ], [ "Saal", "Margus", "" ], [ "Wojnar", "Aneta", "" ], [ "Biesiada", "Marek", "" ] ]
Accelerated expansion of the Universe prompted searches of modified gravity theory beyond general relativity, instead of adding a mysterious dark energy component with exotic physical properties. One such alternative gravity approach is metric-affine Palatini $f(\hat{R})$ theory. By now routine gravitational wave detections have opened a promising avenue of searching for modified gravity effects. Future expected cases of strong lensing of gravitational waves will enhance this opportunity further. In this paper, we present a systematic study of the propagation and gravitational lensing of gravitational waves in Palatini $f(\hat R)$ gravity and compare it with general relativity. Using the WKB approximation we explore the geometric-optical limit of lensing and derive the corrections to the measured luminosity distance of the gravitational source. In addition, we study the lensing by the Singular Isothermal Sphere lens model and show that Palatini $f(\hat{R})$ modifies the lensing potential and hence the deflection angle. Then we show that the lens model and chosen theory of gravity influences the rotation of the gravitational wave polarization plane through the deflection angle. To be more specific we discuss the $f(\hat R)=\hat R+\alpha \hat R^2$ gravity theory and find that the modifications comparing to general relativity are negligible if the upper bound of $\alpha \sim 10^{9} \, $m$^2$ suggested in the literature is adopted. However, this bound is not firmly established and can be updated in the future. Therefore, the results we obtained could be valuable for further metric-affine gravity vs. general relativity tests involving lensing of gravitational waves and comparison of luminosity distances measured from electromagnetic and gravitational wave sources.
gr-qc/9807058
Perjes Zoltan
Michael Bradley, Gyula Fodor, L\'aszl\'o \'A. Gergely, Mattias Marklund and Zolt\'an Perj\'es
Rotating perfect fluid sources of the NUT metric
8 pages, latex
Class.Quant.Grav. 16 (1999) 1667-1675
10.1088/0264-9381/16/6/301
null
gr-qc
null
Locally rotationally symmetric perfect fluid solutions of Einstein's gravitational equations are matched along the hypersurface of vanishing pressure with the NUT metric. These rigidly rotating fluids are interpreted as sources for the vacuum exterior which consists only of a stationary region of the Taub-NUT space-time. The solution of the matching conditions leaves generally three parameters in the global solution. Examples of perfect fluid sources are discussed.
[ { "created": "Tue, 21 Jul 1998 14:37:51 GMT", "version": "v1" } ]
2009-10-31
[ [ "Bradley", "Michael", "" ], [ "Fodor", "Gyula", "" ], [ "Gergely", "László Á.", "" ], [ "Marklund", "Mattias", "" ], [ "Perjés", "Zoltán", "" ] ]
Locally rotationally symmetric perfect fluid solutions of Einstein's gravitational equations are matched along the hypersurface of vanishing pressure with the NUT metric. These rigidly rotating fluids are interpreted as sources for the vacuum exterior which consists only of a stationary region of the Taub-NUT space-time. The solution of the matching conditions leaves generally three parameters in the global solution. Examples of perfect fluid sources are discussed.
1504.02112
Maria J. Rodriguez
Samuel E. Gralla and Alexandru Lupsasca and Maria J. Rodriguez
Note on Bunching of Field Lines in Black Hole Magnetospheres
4 pages, 1 figure v2: minor changes
Phys. Rev. D 92, 044053 (2015)
10.1103/PhysRevD.92.044053
null
gr-qc astro-ph.HE hep-th
http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/
Numerical simulations of Blandford-Znajek energy extraction at high spin have revealed that field lines tend to bunch near the poles of the event horizon. We show that this behavior can be derived analytically from the assumption of fixed functional dependence of current and field line rotation on magnetic flux. The argument relies crucially on the existence of the Znajek condition, which offers non-trivial information about the fields on the horizon without requiring a full force-free solution. We also provide some new analytic expressions for the parabolic field configuration.
[ { "created": "Wed, 8 Apr 2015 20:11:42 GMT", "version": "v1" }, { "created": "Fri, 11 Sep 2015 23:16:53 GMT", "version": "v2" } ]
2015-09-15
[ [ "Gralla", "Samuel E.", "" ], [ "Lupsasca", "Alexandru", "" ], [ "Rodriguez", "Maria J.", "" ] ]
Numerical simulations of Blandford-Znajek energy extraction at high spin have revealed that field lines tend to bunch near the poles of the event horizon. We show that this behavior can be derived analytically from the assumption of fixed functional dependence of current and field line rotation on magnetic flux. The argument relies crucially on the existence of the Znajek condition, which offers non-trivial information about the fields on the horizon without requiring a full force-free solution. We also provide some new analytic expressions for the parabolic field configuration.
gr-qc/0106002
Stefano Liberati
Carlos Barcelo, Matt Visser and Stefano Liberati
Einstein Gravity as an emergent phenomenon?
8 pages, Essay awarded an honorable mention in the year 2001 Gravity Research Foundation essay competition
Int.J.Mod.Phys.D10:799-806,2001
10.1142/S0218271801001591
null
gr-qc
null
In this essay we marshal evidence suggesting that Einstein gravity may be an emergent phenomenon, one that is not ``fundamental'' but rather is an almost automatic low-energy long-distance consequence of a wide class of theories. Specifically, the emergence of a curved spacetime ``effective Lorentzian geometry'' is a common generic result of linearizing a classical scalar field theory around some non-trivial background. This explains why so many different ``analog models'' of general relativity have recently been developed based on condensed matter physics; there is something more fundamental going on. Upon quantizing the linearized fluctuations around this background geometry, the one-loop effective action is guaranteed to contain a term proportional to the Einstein--Hilbert action of general relativity, suggesting that while classical physics is responsible for generating an ``effective geometry'', quantum physics can be argued to induce an ``effective dynamics''. This physical picture suggests that Einstein gravity is an emergent low-energy long-distance phenomenon that is insensitive to the details of the high-energy short-distance physics.
[ { "created": "Fri, 1 Jun 2001 20:23:44 GMT", "version": "v1" } ]
2014-11-17
[ [ "Barcelo", "Carlos", "" ], [ "Visser", "Matt", "" ], [ "Liberati", "Stefano", "" ] ]
In this essay we marshal evidence suggesting that Einstein gravity may be an emergent phenomenon, one that is not ``fundamental'' but rather is an almost automatic low-energy long-distance consequence of a wide class of theories. Specifically, the emergence of a curved spacetime ``effective Lorentzian geometry'' is a common generic result of linearizing a classical scalar field theory around some non-trivial background. This explains why so many different ``analog models'' of general relativity have recently been developed based on condensed matter physics; there is something more fundamental going on. Upon quantizing the linearized fluctuations around this background geometry, the one-loop effective action is guaranteed to contain a term proportional to the Einstein--Hilbert action of general relativity, suggesting that while classical physics is responsible for generating an ``effective geometry'', quantum physics can be argued to induce an ``effective dynamics''. This physical picture suggests that Einstein gravity is an emergent low-energy long-distance phenomenon that is insensitive to the details of the high-energy short-distance physics.
1508.06231
Lorenzo Iorio
Lorenzo Iorio
Accurate characterization of the stellar and orbital parameters of the exoplanetary system WASP-33 b from orbital dynamics
LaTex2e, 1 figure, 1 table, 8 pages. Finale version accepted for publication in Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society (MNRAS)
Mon.Not.Roy.Astron.Soc.455:207-213,2016
10.1093/mnras/stv2328
null
gr-qc astro-ph.EP physics.space-ph
http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/
By using the most recently published Doppler tomography measurements and accurate theoretical modeling of the oblateness-driven orbital precessions, we tightly constrain some of the physical and orbital parameters of the planetary system hosted by the fast rotating star WASP-33. In particular, the measurements of the orbital inclination $i_{\rm p}$ to the plane of the sky and of the sky-projected spin-orbit misalignment $\lambda$ at two epochs about six years apart allowed for the determination of the longitude of the ascending node $\Omega$ and of the orbital inclination $I$ to the apparent equatorial plane at the same epochs. As a consequence, average rates of change $\dot\Omega_{\rm exp},~\dot I_{\rm exp}$ of this two orbital elements, accurate to a $\approx 10^{-2}~{\rm deg}~{\rm yr}^{-1}$ level, were calculated as well. By comparing them to general theoretical expressions $\dot\Omega_{J_2},~\dot I_{J_2}$ for their precessions induced by an oblate star whose symmetry axis is arbitrarily oriented, we were able to determine the angle $i^{\star}$ between the line of sight the star's spin $S^{\star}$ and its first even zonal harmonic $J_2^{\star}$ obtaining $i^{\star} = 142^{+10}_{-11}~{\rm deg},~J_2^{\star} = (2.1^{+0.8}_{-0.5})\times 10^{-4}.$ As a by-product, the angle between $S^{\star}$ and the orbital angular momentum $L$ is as large as about $\psi \approx 100$ deg $(\psi^{2008} = 99^{+5}_{-4}~{\rm deg},~\psi^{2014} = 103^{+5}_{-4}~{\rm deg})$, and changes at a rate $\dot\psi = 0.7^{+1.5}_{-1.6}~{\rm deg}~{\rm yr}^{-1}$. The predicted general relativistic Lense-Thirring precessions, or the order of $\approx 10^{-3}~{\rm deg}~{\rm yr}^{-1}$, are, at present, about one order of magnitude below the measurability threshold.
[ { "created": "Tue, 25 Aug 2015 17:44:46 GMT", "version": "v1" }, { "created": "Wed, 26 Aug 2015 13:06:00 GMT", "version": "v2" }, { "created": "Sat, 29 Aug 2015 13:14:07 GMT", "version": "v3" }, { "created": "Sat, 12 Sep 2015 20:50:26 GMT", "version": "v4" }, { "c...
2015-11-05
[ [ "Iorio", "Lorenzo", "" ] ]
By using the most recently published Doppler tomography measurements and accurate theoretical modeling of the oblateness-driven orbital precessions, we tightly constrain some of the physical and orbital parameters of the planetary system hosted by the fast rotating star WASP-33. In particular, the measurements of the orbital inclination $i_{\rm p}$ to the plane of the sky and of the sky-projected spin-orbit misalignment $\lambda$ at two epochs about six years apart allowed for the determination of the longitude of the ascending node $\Omega$ and of the orbital inclination $I$ to the apparent equatorial plane at the same epochs. As a consequence, average rates of change $\dot\Omega_{\rm exp},~\dot I_{\rm exp}$ of this two orbital elements, accurate to a $\approx 10^{-2}~{\rm deg}~{\rm yr}^{-1}$ level, were calculated as well. By comparing them to general theoretical expressions $\dot\Omega_{J_2},~\dot I_{J_2}$ for their precessions induced by an oblate star whose symmetry axis is arbitrarily oriented, we were able to determine the angle $i^{\star}$ between the line of sight the star's spin $S^{\star}$ and its first even zonal harmonic $J_2^{\star}$ obtaining $i^{\star} = 142^{+10}_{-11}~{\rm deg},~J_2^{\star} = (2.1^{+0.8}_{-0.5})\times 10^{-4}.$ As a by-product, the angle between $S^{\star}$ and the orbital angular momentum $L$ is as large as about $\psi \approx 100$ deg $(\psi^{2008} = 99^{+5}_{-4}~{\rm deg},~\psi^{2014} = 103^{+5}_{-4}~{\rm deg})$, and changes at a rate $\dot\psi = 0.7^{+1.5}_{-1.6}~{\rm deg}~{\rm yr}^{-1}$. The predicted general relativistic Lense-Thirring precessions, or the order of $\approx 10^{-3}~{\rm deg}~{\rm yr}^{-1}$, are, at present, about one order of magnitude below the measurability threshold.
gr-qc/9906073
Kerstin E. Kunze
Kerstin E. Kunze
Asymptotic Behaviour of Inhomogeneous String Cosmologies
15 pages, Latex
Class.Quant.Grav.16:3795-3806,1999
10.1088/0264-9381/16/12/303
ETH-TH/99-18
gr-qc hep-th
null
The asymptotic behaviour at late times of inhomogeneous axion-dilaton cosmologies is investigated. The space-times considered here admit two abelian space-like Killing vectors. These space-times evolve towards an anisotropic universe containing gravitational radiation. Furthermore, a peeling-off behaviour of the Weyl tensor and the antisymmetric tensor field strength is found. The relation to the pre-big-bang scenario is briefly discussed.
[ { "created": "Thu, 17 Jun 1999 10:58:17 GMT", "version": "v1" } ]
2011-07-19
[ [ "Kunze", "Kerstin E.", "" ] ]
The asymptotic behaviour at late times of inhomogeneous axion-dilaton cosmologies is investigated. The space-times considered here admit two abelian space-like Killing vectors. These space-times evolve towards an anisotropic universe containing gravitational radiation. Furthermore, a peeling-off behaviour of the Weyl tensor and the antisymmetric tensor field strength is found. The relation to the pre-big-bang scenario is briefly discussed.
1012.1582
Larry Ford
Jen-Tsung Hsiang, L. H. Ford, Da-Shin Lee and Hoi-Lai Yu
Quantum Modifications to Gravity Waves in de Sitter Spacetime
13 pages, no figures
Phys.Rev.D83:084027,2011
10.1103/PhysRevD.83.084027
null
gr-qc astro-ph.CO hep-th
http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/
We treat a model in which tensor perturbations of de~Sitter spacetime, represented as a spatially flat model, are modified by the effects of the vacuum fluctuations of a massless conformally invariant field, such as the electromagnetic field. We use the semiclassical theory of gravity with the expectation value of the conformal field stress tensor as a source. We first study the stability of de~Sitter spacetime by searching for growing, spatially homogeneous modes, and conclude that it is stable within the limits of validity of the semiclassical theory. We next examine the modification of linearized plane gravity waves by the effects of the quantum stress tensor. We find a correction term which is of the same form as the original wave, but displaced in phase by -\pi/2, and with an amplitude which depends upon the duration of inflation. The magnitude of this effect is proportional to the change in scale factor during inflation. So long as the energy scale of inflation and the proper frequency of the mode at the beginning of inflation are well below the Planck scale, the fractional correction is small. However, modes which are transplanckian at the onset of inflation can undergo a significant correction. The increase in amplitude can potentially have observable consequences through a modification of the power spectrum of tensor perturbations in inflationary cosmology. This enhancement of the power spectrum depends upon the duration of inflation and is greater for shorter wavelengths.
[ { "created": "Tue, 7 Dec 2010 19:22:02 GMT", "version": "v1" } ]
2011-05-05
[ [ "Hsiang", "Jen-Tsung", "" ], [ "Ford", "L. H.", "" ], [ "Lee", "Da-Shin", "" ], [ "Yu", "Hoi-Lai", "" ] ]
We treat a model in which tensor perturbations of de~Sitter spacetime, represented as a spatially flat model, are modified by the effects of the vacuum fluctuations of a massless conformally invariant field, such as the electromagnetic field. We use the semiclassical theory of gravity with the expectation value of the conformal field stress tensor as a source. We first study the stability of de~Sitter spacetime by searching for growing, spatially homogeneous modes, and conclude that it is stable within the limits of validity of the semiclassical theory. We next examine the modification of linearized plane gravity waves by the effects of the quantum stress tensor. We find a correction term which is of the same form as the original wave, but displaced in phase by -\pi/2, and with an amplitude which depends upon the duration of inflation. The magnitude of this effect is proportional to the change in scale factor during inflation. So long as the energy scale of inflation and the proper frequency of the mode at the beginning of inflation are well below the Planck scale, the fractional correction is small. However, modes which are transplanckian at the onset of inflation can undergo a significant correction. The increase in amplitude can potentially have observable consequences through a modification of the power spectrum of tensor perturbations in inflationary cosmology. This enhancement of the power spectrum depends upon the duration of inflation and is greater for shorter wavelengths.
1209.6349
Tanja Hinderer
Alessandra Buonanno, Guillaume Faye, Tanja Hinderer
Spin effects on gravitational waves from inspiraling compact binaries at second post-Newtonian order
15 pages, expressions available in mathematica format upon request
Phys. Rev. D 87, 044009 (2013)
10.1103/PhysRevD.87.044009
null
gr-qc
http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/
We calculate the gravitational waveform for spinning, precessing compact binary inspirals through second post-Newtonian order in the amplitude. When spins are collinear with the orbital angular momentum and the orbits are quasi-circular, we further provide explicit expressions for the gravitational-wave polarizations and the decomposition into spin-weighted spherical-harmonic modes. Knowledge of the second post-Newtonian spin terms in the waveform could be used to improve the physical content of analytical templates for data analysis of compact binary inspirals and for more accurate comparisons with numerical-relativity simulations.
[ { "created": "Thu, 27 Sep 2012 19:55:09 GMT", "version": "v1" }, { "created": "Mon, 18 Mar 2013 15:30:15 GMT", "version": "v2" } ]
2013-03-19
[ [ "Buonanno", "Alessandra", "" ], [ "Faye", "Guillaume", "" ], [ "Hinderer", "Tanja", "" ] ]
We calculate the gravitational waveform for spinning, precessing compact binary inspirals through second post-Newtonian order in the amplitude. When spins are collinear with the orbital angular momentum and the orbits are quasi-circular, we further provide explicit expressions for the gravitational-wave polarizations and the decomposition into spin-weighted spherical-harmonic modes. Knowledge of the second post-Newtonian spin terms in the waveform could be used to improve the physical content of analytical templates for data analysis of compact binary inspirals and for more accurate comparisons with numerical-relativity simulations.
1709.10458
Filipe Mena
Irene Brito, M. F. A. da Silva, Filipe C. Mena, N. O. Santos
Cylindrically symmetric inhomogeneous dust collapse with a zero expansion component
18 pages, 2 figures
null
10.1088/1361-6382/aa8aa8
null
gr-qc
http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/
We investigate a class of cylindrically symmetric inhomogeneous $\Lambda$-dust spacetimes which have a regular axis and some zero expansion component. For $\Lambda\ne 0$, we obtain new exact solutions to the Einstein equations and show that they are unique, within that class. For $\Lambda=0$, we recover the Senovilla-Vera metric and show that it can be locally matched to an Einstein-Rosen type of exterior. Finally, we explore some consequences of the matching, such as trapped surface formation and gravitational radiation in the exterior.
[ { "created": "Fri, 29 Sep 2017 15:36:15 GMT", "version": "v1" } ]
2017-10-11
[ [ "Brito", "Irene", "" ], [ "da Silva", "M. F. A.", "" ], [ "Mena", "Filipe C.", "" ], [ "Santos", "N. O.", "" ] ]
We investigate a class of cylindrically symmetric inhomogeneous $\Lambda$-dust spacetimes which have a regular axis and some zero expansion component. For $\Lambda\ne 0$, we obtain new exact solutions to the Einstein equations and show that they are unique, within that class. For $\Lambda=0$, we recover the Senovilla-Vera metric and show that it can be locally matched to an Einstein-Rosen type of exterior. Finally, we explore some consequences of the matching, such as trapped surface formation and gravitational radiation in the exterior.
0704.1109
Patricio S. Letelier
Valeria M. Rosa and Patricio S. letelier
Spinning Strings, Black Holes and Stable Closed Timelike Geodesics
5 pages, RevTex4, some corrections and new material added
Int.J.Theor.Phys.49:316-323,2010
10.1007/s10773-009-0204-x
null
gr-qc
null
The existence and stability under linear perturbation of closed timelike curves in the spacetime associated to Schwarzschild black hole pierced by a spinning string are studied. Due to the superposition of the black hole, we find that the spinning string spacetime is deformed in such a way to allow the existence of closed timelike geodesics.
[ { "created": "Mon, 9 Apr 2007 14:45:43 GMT", "version": "v1" }, { "created": "Tue, 29 Jan 2008 20:15:01 GMT", "version": "v2" } ]
2014-11-18
[ [ "Rosa", "Valeria M.", "" ], [ "letelier", "Patricio S.", "" ] ]
The existence and stability under linear perturbation of closed timelike curves in the spacetime associated to Schwarzschild black hole pierced by a spinning string are studied. Due to the superposition of the black hole, we find that the spinning string spacetime is deformed in such a way to allow the existence of closed timelike geodesics.
gr-qc/9902036
Luis O. Pimentel
Luis O. Pimentel
Inhomogeneous String Cosmology Solutions with Regular Spacetime Curvature
LaTeX, 6 pges
Mod.Phys.Lett. A14 (1999) 43-50
10.1142/S0217732399000079
UAMI-GA-990031
gr-qc
null
In this work cosmological models are considered for the low energy string cosmological effective action (tree level) in the absence of dilaton potential. A two parametric non-diagonal family of analytic solutions is found. The curvature is non singular, however the string coupling diverges exponentially.
[ { "created": "Thu, 11 Feb 1999 19:00:46 GMT", "version": "v1" } ]
2016-08-31
[ [ "Pimentel", "Luis O.", "" ] ]
In this work cosmological models are considered for the low energy string cosmological effective action (tree level) in the absence of dilaton potential. A two parametric non-diagonal family of analytic solutions is found. The curvature is non singular, however the string coupling diverges exponentially.
gr-qc/9801057
Alessandro D. A. M. Spallicci
Alessandro D.A.M. Spallicci (Univ. Salerno at Benvento, Gravitation Research Group) & (Univ. Leiden, Fac. Math. & Nat. Sc., Dept. Phys. & Astr., Kamerlingh Onnes Lab.)
On the perturbed Schwarzschild geometry for determination of particle motion
Second Amaldi Conference on Gravitational Waves, 1-4 July 1997, CERN Geneve
null
null
null
gr-qc
null
A novel method for calculation of the motion and radiation reaction for the two-body problem (body plus particle, the small parameter m/M being the ratio of the masses) is presented. In the background curvature given by the Schwarzschild geometry rippled by gravitational waves, the geodesic equations insure the presence of radiation reaction also for high velocities and strong field. The method is generally applicable to any orbit, but radial fall is of interest due to the non-adiabatic regime (equality of radiation reaction and fall time scales), in which the particle locally and immediately reacts to the emitted radiation. The energy balance hypothesis is only used (emitted radiation equal to the variation in the kinetic energy) for determination of the 4-velocity via the Lagrangian and normalization of divergencies. The solution in time domain of the Regge-Wheeler-Zerilli-Moncrief radial wave equation determines the metric tensor expressing the polar perturbations, in terms of which the geodesic equations are written and shown herein.
[ { "created": "Fri, 16 Jan 1998 17:56:03 GMT", "version": "v1" } ]
2007-05-23
[ [ "Spallicci", "Alessandro D. A. M.", "", "Univ. Salerno at Benvento, Gravitation\n Research Group" ] ]
A novel method for calculation of the motion and radiation reaction for the two-body problem (body plus particle, the small parameter m/M being the ratio of the masses) is presented. In the background curvature given by the Schwarzschild geometry rippled by gravitational waves, the geodesic equations insure the presence of radiation reaction also for high velocities and strong field. The method is generally applicable to any orbit, but radial fall is of interest due to the non-adiabatic regime (equality of radiation reaction and fall time scales), in which the particle locally and immediately reacts to the emitted radiation. The energy balance hypothesis is only used (emitted radiation equal to the variation in the kinetic energy) for determination of the 4-velocity via the Lagrangian and normalization of divergencies. The solution in time domain of the Regge-Wheeler-Zerilli-Moncrief radial wave equation determines the metric tensor expressing the polar perturbations, in terms of which the geodesic equations are written and shown herein.
2004.00479
Vasilis Oikonomou
S.D. Odintsov, V.K. Oikonomou
Swampland Implications of GW170817-compatible Einstein-Gauss-Bonnet Gravity
Revised version, PLB Accepted
null
10.1016/j.physletb.2020.135437
null
gr-qc hep-th
http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/
We revisit the Einstein-Gauss-Bonnet theory in view of the GW170817 event, which compels that the gravitational wave speed is equal to $c_T^2=1$ in natural units. We use an alternative approach compared to one previous work of ours, which enables us to express all the slow-roll indices and the observational indices as functions of the scalar field. Using our formalism we investigate if the Swampland criteria are satisfied for the Einstein-Gauss-Bonnet theory and as we demonstrate, the Swampland criteria are satisfied for quite general forms of the potential and the Gauss-Bonnet coupling function $\xi (\phi)$, if the slow-roll conditions are assumed to hold true.
[ { "created": "Wed, 1 Apr 2020 14:50:43 GMT", "version": "v1" }, { "created": "Sun, 19 Apr 2020 15:51:27 GMT", "version": "v2" } ]
2020-04-22
[ [ "Odintsov", "S. D.", "" ], [ "Oikonomou", "V. K.", "" ] ]
We revisit the Einstein-Gauss-Bonnet theory in view of the GW170817 event, which compels that the gravitational wave speed is equal to $c_T^2=1$ in natural units. We use an alternative approach compared to one previous work of ours, which enables us to express all the slow-roll indices and the observational indices as functions of the scalar field. Using our formalism we investigate if the Swampland criteria are satisfied for the Einstein-Gauss-Bonnet theory and as we demonstrate, the Swampland criteria are satisfied for quite general forms of the potential and the Gauss-Bonnet coupling function $\xi (\phi)$, if the slow-roll conditions are assumed to hold true.
1702.06263
Carlos A. S. Almeida
D. F. S. Veras and C. A. S. Almeida
Corrections to Newton's law of gravitation in the context of codimension-1 warped thick braneworlds
24 pages, 15 figures. Replaced in order to match the modified version accepted to PRD. Minor text modifications
Phys. Rev. D 95, 104032 (2017)
10.1103/PhysRevD.95.104032
null
gr-qc hep-th
http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/
In this work, we compute the corrections in the Newton's law of gravitation due to Kaluza-Klein gravitons in codimension-1 warped thick braneworld scenarios. We focus in some models recently proposed in the literature, the so-called asymmetric hybrid brane and compact brane. Such models are deformations of the $\phi^4$ and sine-Gordon topological defects, respectively. Therefore we consider the branes engendered by such defects and we also compute the corrections in their cases. We use suitable numerical techniques to attain the mass spectrum and its corresponding eigenfunctions which are the essential quantities for computing the correction to the Newtonian potential. Moreover, we discuss that the existence of massive modes is necessary for building a braneworld model with a phenomenology involved. We find that the odd eigenfunctions have non-trivial contributions and the first eigenstate of the Kaluza-Klein tower has the highest contribution. The calculation of slight deviations in the gravitational potential may be used as a selection tool for braneworld scenarios matching with future experimental measurements in high energy collisions.
[ { "created": "Tue, 21 Feb 2017 04:49:17 GMT", "version": "v1" }, { "created": "Mon, 15 May 2017 20:35:31 GMT", "version": "v2" } ]
2017-05-31
[ [ "Veras", "D. F. S.", "" ], [ "Almeida", "C. A. S.", "" ] ]
In this work, we compute the corrections in the Newton's law of gravitation due to Kaluza-Klein gravitons in codimension-1 warped thick braneworld scenarios. We focus in some models recently proposed in the literature, the so-called asymmetric hybrid brane and compact brane. Such models are deformations of the $\phi^4$ and sine-Gordon topological defects, respectively. Therefore we consider the branes engendered by such defects and we also compute the corrections in their cases. We use suitable numerical techniques to attain the mass spectrum and its corresponding eigenfunctions which are the essential quantities for computing the correction to the Newtonian potential. Moreover, we discuss that the existence of massive modes is necessary for building a braneworld model with a phenomenology involved. We find that the odd eigenfunctions have non-trivial contributions and the first eigenstate of the Kaluza-Klein tower has the highest contribution. The calculation of slight deviations in the gravitational potential may be used as a selection tool for braneworld scenarios matching with future experimental measurements in high energy collisions.
0911.0177
Anil Yadav dr
Anil Kumar Yadav
Bianchi Type V Matter Filled Universe with Varying Lambda Term in General Relativity
16 pages, 3 figures
EJTP 10: 169 - 182, 2013
null
null
gr-qc
http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/
Bianchi type V matter filled universe with varying lambda in general relativity are investigated by using the law of variation for the generalized mean Hubble parameter. This yields the constant value of deceleration parameter and generates two types of solutions for the average scale factor one is of power law type and other is of exponential type. The cosmological constant is found to be a decreasing function of time, which is supported by results from recent type Ia supernovae observations. Also it has been found that cosmological constant affects entropy. Some physical and geometric behaviour of the models are discussed.
[ { "created": "Sun, 1 Nov 2009 16:19:32 GMT", "version": "v1" } ]
2013-01-15
[ [ "Yadav", "Anil Kumar", "" ] ]
Bianchi type V matter filled universe with varying lambda in general relativity are investigated by using the law of variation for the generalized mean Hubble parameter. This yields the constant value of deceleration parameter and generates two types of solutions for the average scale factor one is of power law type and other is of exponential type. The cosmological constant is found to be a decreasing function of time, which is supported by results from recent type Ia supernovae observations. Also it has been found that cosmological constant affects entropy. Some physical and geometric behaviour of the models are discussed.
1201.1697
Glenn D. Starkman
Glenn D. Starkman
Modifying Gravity: You Can't Always Get What You Want
A talk given at the Royal Society Discussion Session "Gravity," Chicheley Hall, UK Feb. 2011
Phil. Trans. R. Soc. A 28 December 2011 vol. 369 no. 1957 5018-5041
10.1098/rsta.2011.0292
null
gr-qc astro-ph.CO
http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/
The combination of GR and the Standard Model disagrees with numerous observations on scales from our Solar System up. In the concordance model of cosmology, these contradictions are removed or alleviated by the introduction of three completely independent new components of stress-energy -- the inflaton, dark matter, and dark energy. Each of these in its turn is meant to have (or to currently) dominate the dynamics of the universe. There is still no non-gravitational evidence for any of these dark sectors; nor for the required extensions of the standard model. An alternative is to imagine that GR itself must be modified. Certain coincidences of scale even suggest that one might expect not to have to make three independent. Because they must address the most different types of data, attempts to replace dark matter with modified gravity are the most controversial. A phenomenological model (or family of models), Modified Newtonian Dynamics, has, over the last few years seen several covariant realizations. We discuss a number of challenges that any model that seeks to replace dark matter with modified gravity must face: the loss of Birkhoff's Theorem, and the calculational simplifications it implies; the failure to explain clusters, whether static or interacting, and the consequent need to introduce dark matter of some form, whether hot dark matter neutrinos, or dark fields that arise in new sectors of the modified gravity theory; the intrusion of cosmological expansion into the modified force law, that arises precisely because of the coincidence in scale between the centripetal acceleration at which Newtonian gravity fails in galaxies, and the cosmic acceleration. We conclude with the observation that, although modified gravity may indeed manage to replace dark matter, it is likely to do so by becoming or incorporating, a dark matter theory itself.
[ { "created": "Mon, 9 Jan 2012 06:46:26 GMT", "version": "v1" } ]
2012-01-10
[ [ "Starkman", "Glenn D.", "" ] ]
The combination of GR and the Standard Model disagrees with numerous observations on scales from our Solar System up. In the concordance model of cosmology, these contradictions are removed or alleviated by the introduction of three completely independent new components of stress-energy -- the inflaton, dark matter, and dark energy. Each of these in its turn is meant to have (or to currently) dominate the dynamics of the universe. There is still no non-gravitational evidence for any of these dark sectors; nor for the required extensions of the standard model. An alternative is to imagine that GR itself must be modified. Certain coincidences of scale even suggest that one might expect not to have to make three independent. Because they must address the most different types of data, attempts to replace dark matter with modified gravity are the most controversial. A phenomenological model (or family of models), Modified Newtonian Dynamics, has, over the last few years seen several covariant realizations. We discuss a number of challenges that any model that seeks to replace dark matter with modified gravity must face: the loss of Birkhoff's Theorem, and the calculational simplifications it implies; the failure to explain clusters, whether static or interacting, and the consequent need to introduce dark matter of some form, whether hot dark matter neutrinos, or dark fields that arise in new sectors of the modified gravity theory; the intrusion of cosmological expansion into the modified force law, that arises precisely because of the coincidence in scale between the centripetal acceleration at which Newtonian gravity fails in galaxies, and the cosmic acceleration. We conclude with the observation that, although modified gravity may indeed manage to replace dark matter, it is likely to do so by becoming or incorporating, a dark matter theory itself.
2209.05749
Souvik Ghose
Anirban Chanda and Arpan Krishna Mitra and Souvik Ghose and Sagar Dey and Bikash Chandra Paul
Barrow Holographic Dark Energy in Brane World Cosmology
uses article class, 30 pages, 25 figures, 2 tables (v4) typo corrected, new figure, analysis and reference added, matches the published version(class. Quant. Grav.)
Class. Quantum Grav. 41 035004 (2024)
10.1088/1361-6382/ad1af3
null
gr-qc
http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/
Cosmological features of Barrow Holographic Dark Energy (BHDE), a recent generalization of original Holographic dark energy with a richer structure, are studied in the context of DGP brane, RS II brane-world, and the cyclic universe. It is found that a flat FRW scenario with pressure less dust and a dark energy component described as BHDE can accommodate late time acceleration with Hubble horizon considered as infrared cut off even in the absence of interaction between the dark sectors. Statefinder diagnostic reveals that these model resemble $\Lambda CDM$ cosmology in future. It is found that BHDE parameter $\Delta$, despite its theoretically constrained range of values, is significant in describing the evolution of the universe, however, a classically stable cosmological model cannot be obtained in the RS-II and DGP brane. Viability of the models is also probed with observed Hubble data.
[ { "created": "Tue, 13 Sep 2022 06:28:06 GMT", "version": "v1" }, { "created": "Fri, 16 Sep 2022 07:33:09 GMT", "version": "v2" }, { "created": "Thu, 6 Jul 2023 11:41:12 GMT", "version": "v3" }, { "created": "Sat, 20 Jan 2024 06:11:43 GMT", "version": "v4" } ]
2024-01-23
[ [ "Chanda", "Anirban", "" ], [ "Mitra", "Arpan Krishna", "" ], [ "Ghose", "Souvik", "" ], [ "Dey", "Sagar", "" ], [ "Paul", "Bikash Chandra", "" ] ]
Cosmological features of Barrow Holographic Dark Energy (BHDE), a recent generalization of original Holographic dark energy with a richer structure, are studied in the context of DGP brane, RS II brane-world, and the cyclic universe. It is found that a flat FRW scenario with pressure less dust and a dark energy component described as BHDE can accommodate late time acceleration with Hubble horizon considered as infrared cut off even in the absence of interaction between the dark sectors. Statefinder diagnostic reveals that these model resemble $\Lambda CDM$ cosmology in future. It is found that BHDE parameter $\Delta$, despite its theoretically constrained range of values, is significant in describing the evolution of the universe, however, a classically stable cosmological model cannot be obtained in the RS-II and DGP brane. Viability of the models is also probed with observed Hubble data.
1605.02005
Anuj Kumar Dubey Mr.
Anuj Kumar Dubey and A. K. Sen
Frame-Dragging from Charged Rotating Body
arXiv admin note: text overlap with arXiv:0811.2471 by other authors
J. Phys.: Conf. Ser. 759, 1, 012065 ( 2016)
10.1088/1742-6596/759/1/012065
null
gr-qc
http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/
In the present paper, we have considered the three parameters: mass, charge and rotation to discuss their combined effect on frame dragging for a charged rotating body. If we consider the ray of light which is emitted radially outward from a rotating body then the frame dragging shows a periodic nature with respect to coordinate $\phi$ (azimuthal angle). It has been found that the value of frame dragging obtains a maximum at, $ \phi =\frac{\pi}{2}$ and a minimum at $ \phi =\frac{3 \pi}{2}$.
[ { "created": "Fri, 6 May 2016 17:03:29 GMT", "version": "v1" } ]
2016-11-15
[ [ "Dubey", "Anuj Kumar", "" ], [ "Sen", "A. K.", "" ] ]
In the present paper, we have considered the three parameters: mass, charge and rotation to discuss their combined effect on frame dragging for a charged rotating body. If we consider the ray of light which is emitted radially outward from a rotating body then the frame dragging shows a periodic nature with respect to coordinate $\phi$ (azimuthal angle). It has been found that the value of frame dragging obtains a maximum at, $ \phi =\frac{\pi}{2}$ and a minimum at $ \phi =\frac{3 \pi}{2}$.
1510.08552
Bo-Qiang Ma
Bofeng Wu, Bo-Qiang Ma
Spherically symmetric solution of $f(R,\mathcal{G})$ gravity at low energy
14 latex files, 11 figures
Phys.Rev. D92 (2015) 4, 044012
10.1103/PhysRevD.92.044012
null
gr-qc
http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/
The weak-field and slow-motion limit of $f(R,\mathcal{G})$ gravity is developed up to $(v/c)^{4}$ order in a spherically symmetric background. Considering the Taylor expansion of a general function $f$ around vanishing values of $R$ and $\mathcal{G}$, we present general vacuum solutions up to $(v/c)^{4}$ order for the gravitational field generated by a ball-like source. The spatial behaviors at $(v/c)^{2}$ order are the same for $f(R,\mathcal{G})$ gravity and $f(R)$ gravity, and their corresponding real valued static behaviors are presented and compared with the one in general relativity. The static Yukawa-like behavior is proved to be compatible with the previous result of the most general fourth-order theory. At $(v/c)^{4}$ order, the static corrections to the Yukawa-like behavior for $f(R,\mathcal{G})$ gravity, $f(R)$ gravity, and the Starobinsky gravity are presented and compared with the one in general relativity.
[ { "created": "Thu, 29 Oct 2015 02:56:34 GMT", "version": "v1" } ]
2015-11-05
[ [ "Wu", "Bofeng", "" ], [ "Ma", "Bo-Qiang", "" ] ]
The weak-field and slow-motion limit of $f(R,\mathcal{G})$ gravity is developed up to $(v/c)^{4}$ order in a spherically symmetric background. Considering the Taylor expansion of a general function $f$ around vanishing values of $R$ and $\mathcal{G}$, we present general vacuum solutions up to $(v/c)^{4}$ order for the gravitational field generated by a ball-like source. The spatial behaviors at $(v/c)^{2}$ order are the same for $f(R,\mathcal{G})$ gravity and $f(R)$ gravity, and their corresponding real valued static behaviors are presented and compared with the one in general relativity. The static Yukawa-like behavior is proved to be compatible with the previous result of the most general fourth-order theory. At $(v/c)^{4}$ order, the static corrections to the Yukawa-like behavior for $f(R,\mathcal{G})$ gravity, $f(R)$ gravity, and the Starobinsky gravity are presented and compared with the one in general relativity.
1506.06032
Richard O'Shaughnessy
Brandon Miller (1), Richard O'Shaughnessy (1), Tyson B. Littenberg (2), Ben Farr (3) ((1) CCRG, Rochester Institute of Technology, (2) CIERA, Northwestern University, (3) Enrico Fermi Institute, University of Chicago)
Rapid gravitational wave parameter estimation with a single spin: Systematic uncertainties in parameter estimation with the SpinTaylorF2 approximation
Submitted to PRD. (12 pages, 9 figures)
Phys. Rev. D 92, 044056 (2015)
10.1103/PhysRevD.92.044056
LIGO DCC P1500090
gr-qc astro-ph.CO
http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/
Reliable low-latency gravitational wave parameter estimation is essential to target limited electromagnetic followup facilities toward astrophysically interesting and electromagnetically relevant sources of gravitational waves. In this study, we examine the tradeoff between speed and accuracy. Specifically, we estimate the astrophysical relevance of systematic errors in the posterior parameter distributions derived using a fast-but-approximate waveform model, SpinTaylorF2 (STF2), in parameter estimation with lalinference_mcmc. Though efficient, the STF2 approximation to compact binary inspiral employs approximate kinematics (e.g., a single spin) and an approximate waveform (e.g., frequency domain versus time domain). More broadly, using a large astrophysically-motivated population of generic compact binary merger signals, we report on the effectualness and limitations of this single-spin approximation as a method to infer parameters of generic compact binary sources. For most low-mass compact binary sources, we find that the STF2 approximation estimates compact binary parameters with biases comparable to systematic uncertainties in the waveform. We illustrate by example the effect these systematic errors have on posterior probabilities most relevant to low-latency electromagnetic followup: whether the secondary is has a mass consistent with a neutron star; whether the masses, spins, and orbit are consistent with that neutron star's tidal disruption; and whether the binary's angular momentum axis is oriented along the line of sight.
[ { "created": "Fri, 19 Jun 2015 14:45:22 GMT", "version": "v1" } ]
2015-09-09
[ [ "Miller", "Brandon", "" ], [ "O'Shaughnessy", "Richard", "" ], [ "Littenberg", "Tyson B.", "" ], [ "Farr", "Ben", "" ] ]
Reliable low-latency gravitational wave parameter estimation is essential to target limited electromagnetic followup facilities toward astrophysically interesting and electromagnetically relevant sources of gravitational waves. In this study, we examine the tradeoff between speed and accuracy. Specifically, we estimate the astrophysical relevance of systematic errors in the posterior parameter distributions derived using a fast-but-approximate waveform model, SpinTaylorF2 (STF2), in parameter estimation with lalinference_mcmc. Though efficient, the STF2 approximation to compact binary inspiral employs approximate kinematics (e.g., a single spin) and an approximate waveform (e.g., frequency domain versus time domain). More broadly, using a large astrophysically-motivated population of generic compact binary merger signals, we report on the effectualness and limitations of this single-spin approximation as a method to infer parameters of generic compact binary sources. For most low-mass compact binary sources, we find that the STF2 approximation estimates compact binary parameters with biases comparable to systematic uncertainties in the waveform. We illustrate by example the effect these systematic errors have on posterior probabilities most relevant to low-latency electromagnetic followup: whether the secondary is has a mass consistent with a neutron star; whether the masses, spins, and orbit are consistent with that neutron star's tidal disruption; and whether the binary's angular momentum axis is oriented along the line of sight.
1301.1485
Sunil Maharaj
S. Thirukkanesh, S. S. Rajah, S. D. Maharaj
Shearing radiative collapse with expansion and acceleration
16 pages, To appear in J. Math. Phys
J. Math. Phys. 53: 032506, 2012
10.1063/1.3698286
null
gr-qc
http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/
We investigate the behaviour of a relativistic spherically symmetric radiative star with an accelerating, expanding and shearing interior matter distribution in the presence of anisotropic pressures. The junction condition can be written in standard form in three cases: linear, Bernoulli and Riccati equations. We can integrate the boundary condition in each case and three classes of new solutions are generated. For particular choices of the metric we investigate the physical properties and consider the limiting behaviour for large values of time. The causal temperature can also be found explicitly.
[ { "created": "Tue, 8 Jan 2013 10:57:37 GMT", "version": "v1" } ]
2015-06-12
[ [ "Thirukkanesh", "S.", "" ], [ "Rajah", "S. S.", "" ], [ "Maharaj", "S. D.", "" ] ]
We investigate the behaviour of a relativistic spherically symmetric radiative star with an accelerating, expanding and shearing interior matter distribution in the presence of anisotropic pressures. The junction condition can be written in standard form in three cases: linear, Bernoulli and Riccati equations. We can integrate the boundary condition in each case and three classes of new solutions are generated. For particular choices of the metric we investigate the physical properties and consider the limiting behaviour for large values of time. The causal temperature can also be found explicitly.
gr-qc/0204007
Paola Zizzi
P. A. Zizzi
Quantum Computing Spacetime
12 pages, 5 figures
null
null
null
gr-qc quant-ph
null
A causal set C can describe a discrete spacetime, but this discrete spacetime is not quantum, because C is endowed with Boolean logic, as it does not allow cycles. In a quasi-ordered set Q, cycles are allowed. In this paper, we consider a subset QC of a quasi-ordered set Q, whose elements are all the cycles. In QC, which is endowed with quantum logic, each cycle of maximal outdegree N in a node, is associated with N entangled qubits. Then QC describes a quantum computing spacetime. This structure, which is non-local and non-casual, can be understood as a proto-spacetime. Micro-causality and locality can be restored in the subset U of Q whose elements are unentangled qubits which we interpret as the states of quantum spacetime. The mapping of quantum spacetime into proto-spacetime is given by the action of the XOR gate. Moreover, a mapping is possible from the Boolean causal set into U by the action of the Hadamard gate. In particular, the causal order defined on the elements of U induces the causal evolution of spin networks.
[ { "created": "Tue, 2 Apr 2002 08:13:46 GMT", "version": "v1" } ]
2007-05-23
[ [ "Zizzi", "P. A.", "" ] ]
A causal set C can describe a discrete spacetime, but this discrete spacetime is not quantum, because C is endowed with Boolean logic, as it does not allow cycles. In a quasi-ordered set Q, cycles are allowed. In this paper, we consider a subset QC of a quasi-ordered set Q, whose elements are all the cycles. In QC, which is endowed with quantum logic, each cycle of maximal outdegree N in a node, is associated with N entangled qubits. Then QC describes a quantum computing spacetime. This structure, which is non-local and non-casual, can be understood as a proto-spacetime. Micro-causality and locality can be restored in the subset U of Q whose elements are unentangled qubits which we interpret as the states of quantum spacetime. The mapping of quantum spacetime into proto-spacetime is given by the action of the XOR gate. Moreover, a mapping is possible from the Boolean causal set into U by the action of the Hadamard gate. In particular, the causal order defined on the elements of U induces the causal evolution of spin networks.
1812.08663
Fredy Dubeibe
F. L. Dubeibe, J. D. Arias H. and J. E. Alfonso
Geodesic dynamics in Chazy-Curzon spacetimes
13 pages, 9 figures, Accepted for publication in The Indian Journal of Physics
Indian J Phys (December 2019) 93(12):1635-1641
10.1007/s12648-019-01416-8
null
gr-qc math.DS nlin.CD
http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/
In the last decades, the dynamical studies around compact objects became a subject of active research, partially motivated by the observed differences in the profiles of the gravitational waves depending on the dynamics of the system. In this work, via the Poincar\'e section method, we conduct a thorough numerical analysis of the dynamical behavior of geodesics around Chazy-Curzon metrics. As the main result, we find only regular motions for the geodesics in all cases, which suggest the existence of the so-called Carter's constant in this kind of exact solutions. Moreover, our simulations indicate that in the two-particle Chazy-Curzon solution, some oscillatory motions take place as in the classical MacMillan problem.
[ { "created": "Thu, 20 Dec 2018 16:09:58 GMT", "version": "v1" } ]
2020-03-12
[ [ "Dubeibe", "F. L.", "" ], [ "H.", "J. D. Arias", "" ], [ "Alfonso", "J. E.", "" ] ]
In the last decades, the dynamical studies around compact objects became a subject of active research, partially motivated by the observed differences in the profiles of the gravitational waves depending on the dynamics of the system. In this work, via the Poincar\'e section method, we conduct a thorough numerical analysis of the dynamical behavior of geodesics around Chazy-Curzon metrics. As the main result, we find only regular motions for the geodesics in all cases, which suggest the existence of the so-called Carter's constant in this kind of exact solutions. Moreover, our simulations indicate that in the two-particle Chazy-Curzon solution, some oscillatory motions take place as in the classical MacMillan problem.
1111.2867
Etera R. Livine
Etera R. Livine, Mercedes Mart\'in-Benito
Classical Setting and Effective Dynamics for Spinfoam Cosmology
38 pages, v2: Link with discretized loop quantum gravity made explicit and emphasized
Class. Quantum Grav. 30 (2013) 035006
10.1088/0264-9381/30/3/035006
null
gr-qc hep-th
http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/
We explore how to extract effective dynamics from loop quantum gravity and spinfoams truncated to a finite fixed graph, with the hope of modeling symmetry-reduced gravitational systems. We particularize our study to the 2-vertex graph with N links. We describe the canonical data using the recent formulation of the phase space in terms of spinors, and implement a symmetry-reduction to the homogeneous and isotropic sector. From the canonical point of view, we construct a consistent Hamiltonian for the model and discuss its relation with Friedmann-Robertson-Walker cosmologies. Then, we analyze the dynamics from the spinfoam approach. We compute exactly the transition amplitude between initial and final coherent spin networks states with support on the 2-vertex graph, for the choice of the simplest two-complex (with a single space-time vertex). The transition amplitude verifies an exact differential equation that agrees with the Hamiltonian constructed previously. Thus, in our simple setting we clarify the link between the canonical and the covariant formalisms.
[ { "created": "Fri, 11 Nov 2011 21:13:38 GMT", "version": "v1" }, { "created": "Mon, 8 Jul 2013 15:23:01 GMT", "version": "v2" } ]
2013-07-09
[ [ "Livine", "Etera R.", "" ], [ "Martín-Benito", "Mercedes", "" ] ]
We explore how to extract effective dynamics from loop quantum gravity and spinfoams truncated to a finite fixed graph, with the hope of modeling symmetry-reduced gravitational systems. We particularize our study to the 2-vertex graph with N links. We describe the canonical data using the recent formulation of the phase space in terms of spinors, and implement a symmetry-reduction to the homogeneous and isotropic sector. From the canonical point of view, we construct a consistent Hamiltonian for the model and discuss its relation with Friedmann-Robertson-Walker cosmologies. Then, we analyze the dynamics from the spinfoam approach. We compute exactly the transition amplitude between initial and final coherent spin networks states with support on the 2-vertex graph, for the choice of the simplest two-complex (with a single space-time vertex). The transition amplitude verifies an exact differential equation that agrees with the Hamiltonian constructed previously. Thus, in our simple setting we clarify the link between the canonical and the covariant formalisms.
gr-qc/0611041
Jose Edgar Madriz Aguilar
Jose Edgar Madriz Aguilar
Gravitational Waves generated during inflation from a 5D vacuum theory of gravity in a de Sitter expansion
null
Phys.Lett.B645:6-11,2007
10.1016/j.physletb.2006.11.051
null
gr-qc astro-ph hep-th
null
In this letter we study the generation of gravitational waves during inflation from a 5D vacuum theory of gravity. Within this formalism, on an effective 4D de Sitter background, we recover the typical results obtained with 4D inflationary theory in general relativity, for the amplitude of gravitational waves generated during inflation. We also obtain a range of values for the amplitude of tensor to scalar ratio which is in agreement with COBE observations.
[ { "created": "Mon, 6 Nov 2006 20:25:27 GMT", "version": "v1" }, { "created": "Wed, 31 Jan 2007 15:29:07 GMT", "version": "v2" } ]
2008-11-26
[ [ "Aguilar", "Jose Edgar Madriz", "" ] ]
In this letter we study the generation of gravitational waves during inflation from a 5D vacuum theory of gravity. Within this formalism, on an effective 4D de Sitter background, we recover the typical results obtained with 4D inflationary theory in general relativity, for the amplitude of gravitational waves generated during inflation. We also obtain a range of values for the amplitude of tensor to scalar ratio which is in agreement with COBE observations.
1108.0744
Shahar Hod
Shahar Hod
Hyperentropic systems and the generalized second law of thermodynamics
5 pages
Phys.Lett.B700:75-78,2011
10.1016/j.physletb.2011.04.048
null
gr-qc hep-th quant-ph
http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/
The holographic bound asserts that the entropy $S$ of a system is bounded from above by a quarter of the area ${\cal A}$ of a circumscribing surface measured in Planck areas: $S\leq {\cal A}/4{\ell^2_P}$. This bound is widely regarded a desideratum of any fundamental theory. Moreover, it was argued that the holographic bound is necessary for the validity of the generalized second law (GSL) of thermodynamics. However, in this work we explicitly show that hyperentropic systems (those violating the holographic entropy bound) do exist in higher-dimensional spacetimes. We resolve this apparent violation of the GSL and derive an upper bound on the area of hyperentropic objects.
[ { "created": "Wed, 3 Aug 2011 05:30:05 GMT", "version": "v1" } ]
2011-08-04
[ [ "Hod", "Shahar", "" ] ]
The holographic bound asserts that the entropy $S$ of a system is bounded from above by a quarter of the area ${\cal A}$ of a circumscribing surface measured in Planck areas: $S\leq {\cal A}/4{\ell^2_P}$. This bound is widely regarded a desideratum of any fundamental theory. Moreover, it was argued that the holographic bound is necessary for the validity of the generalized second law (GSL) of thermodynamics. However, in this work we explicitly show that hyperentropic systems (those violating the holographic entropy bound) do exist in higher-dimensional spacetimes. We resolve this apparent violation of the GSL and derive an upper bound on the area of hyperentropic objects.
1809.01961
Emilio Elizalde
Emilio Elizalde, Martiros Khurshudyan, Shin'ichi Nojiri
Cosmological singularities in interacting dark energy models with an $\omega(q)$ parametrization
20 pages, to appear in IJMPD
null
10.1142/S0218271819500196
null
gr-qc astro-ph.CO hep-th
http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/
Future singularities arising in a family of models for the expanding Universe, characterized by sharing a convenient parametrization of the energy budget in terms of the deceleration parameter, are classified. Finite-time future singularities are known to appear in many cosmological scenarios, in particular, in the presence of viscosity or non-gravitational interactions, the last being known to be able to suppress or just change in some cases the type of the cosmological singularity. Here, a family of models with a parametrization of the energy budget in terms of the deceleration parameter are studied in the light of Gaussian processes using reconstructed data from $40$-value $H(z)$ datasets. Eventually, the form of the possible non-gravitational interaction between dark energy and dark matter is constructed from these smoothed $H(z)$ data. Using phase space analysis, it is shown that a non-interacting model with dark energy $\omega_\mathrm{de} = \omega_{0} + \omega_{1}q$ ($q$ being the deceleration parameter) may evolve, after starting from a matter dominated unstable state, into a de Sitter Universe (the solution being in fact a stable node). Moreover, for a model with interaction term $Q = 3 H b \rho_\mathrm{dm}$ ($b$ is a parameter and $H$ the Hubble constant) three stable critical points are obtained, what may have important astrophysical implications. In addition, part of the paper is devoted to a general discussion of the finite-time future singularities obtained from direct numerical integration of the field equations, since they appear in many cosmological scenarios and could be useful for future extended studies of the models here introduced. Numerical solutions for the new models, produce finite-time future singularities of Type I or Type III, or an $\omega$-singularity, provided general relativity describes the background dynamics.
[ { "created": "Thu, 6 Sep 2018 13:11:16 GMT", "version": "v1" } ]
2019-01-23
[ [ "Elizalde", "Emilio", "" ], [ "Khurshudyan", "Martiros", "" ], [ "Nojiri", "Shin'ichi", "" ] ]
Future singularities arising in a family of models for the expanding Universe, characterized by sharing a convenient parametrization of the energy budget in terms of the deceleration parameter, are classified. Finite-time future singularities are known to appear in many cosmological scenarios, in particular, in the presence of viscosity or non-gravitational interactions, the last being known to be able to suppress or just change in some cases the type of the cosmological singularity. Here, a family of models with a parametrization of the energy budget in terms of the deceleration parameter are studied in the light of Gaussian processes using reconstructed data from $40$-value $H(z)$ datasets. Eventually, the form of the possible non-gravitational interaction between dark energy and dark matter is constructed from these smoothed $H(z)$ data. Using phase space analysis, it is shown that a non-interacting model with dark energy $\omega_\mathrm{de} = \omega_{0} + \omega_{1}q$ ($q$ being the deceleration parameter) may evolve, after starting from a matter dominated unstable state, into a de Sitter Universe (the solution being in fact a stable node). Moreover, for a model with interaction term $Q = 3 H b \rho_\mathrm{dm}$ ($b$ is a parameter and $H$ the Hubble constant) three stable critical points are obtained, what may have important astrophysical implications. In addition, part of the paper is devoted to a general discussion of the finite-time future singularities obtained from direct numerical integration of the field equations, since they appear in many cosmological scenarios and could be useful for future extended studies of the models here introduced. Numerical solutions for the new models, produce finite-time future singularities of Type I or Type III, or an $\omega$-singularity, provided general relativity describes the background dynamics.
gr-qc/0010110
Takahiro Tanaka
Takahiro Tanaka and T. P. Singh
Analytic derivation of the map of null rays passing near a naked singularity
4 pages, submitted to Phys. Rev. D
Phys.Rev. D63 (2001) 124021
10.1103/PhysRevD.63.124021
YITP-00-57
gr-qc
null
Recently the energy emission from a naked singularity forming in spherical dust collapse has been investigated. This radiation is due to the particle creation in a curved spacetime. In this discussion, the central role is played by the mapping formula between the incoming and the outgoing null coordinates. For the self-similar model, this mapping formula has been derived analytically. But for the model with $C^{\infty}$ density profile, the mapping formula has been obtained only numerically. In the present paper, we argue that the singular nature of the mapping is determined by the local geometry around the point at which the singularity is first formed. If this is the case, it would be natural to expect that the mapping formula can be derived analytically. In the present paper, we analytically rederive the same mapping formula for the model with $C^{\infty}$ density profile that has been earlier derived using a numerical technique.
[ { "created": "Tue, 31 Oct 2000 03:18:40 GMT", "version": "v1" } ]
2009-10-31
[ [ "Tanaka", "Takahiro", "" ], [ "Singh", "T. P.", "" ] ]
Recently the energy emission from a naked singularity forming in spherical dust collapse has been investigated. This radiation is due to the particle creation in a curved spacetime. In this discussion, the central role is played by the mapping formula between the incoming and the outgoing null coordinates. For the self-similar model, this mapping formula has been derived analytically. But for the model with $C^{\infty}$ density profile, the mapping formula has been obtained only numerically. In the present paper, we argue that the singular nature of the mapping is determined by the local geometry around the point at which the singularity is first formed. If this is the case, it would be natural to expect that the mapping formula can be derived analytically. In the present paper, we analytically rederive the same mapping formula for the model with $C^{\infty}$ density profile that has been earlier derived using a numerical technique.
2107.06551
Masaru Siino
Masaru Siino
Black hole shadow and Wandering null geodesics
15 pages, 3figures, One of main results (prop.2) has been corrected. Some inappropriate sentences are removed
null
10.1103/PhysRevD.106.044020
null
gr-qc
http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/
The role of the wandering null geodesic is studied in a black hole spacetime. Based on the continuity of the solution of the geodesic equation, the wandering null geodesics commonly exist and explain the typical phenomena of the optical observation of event horizons. Moreover, a new concept of `black room' is investigated to relate the wandering null geodesic to the black hole shadow more closely.
[ { "created": "Wed, 14 Jul 2021 08:34:55 GMT", "version": "v1" }, { "created": "Thu, 19 May 2022 08:23:57 GMT", "version": "v2" } ]
2022-08-31
[ [ "Siino", "Masaru", "" ] ]
The role of the wandering null geodesic is studied in a black hole spacetime. Based on the continuity of the solution of the geodesic equation, the wandering null geodesics commonly exist and explain the typical phenomena of the optical observation of event horizons. Moreover, a new concept of `black room' is investigated to relate the wandering null geodesic to the black hole shadow more closely.
gr-qc/0404012
L. Arturo Urena-Lopez
Octavio Obregon, L. Arturo Urena-Lopez and Franz E. Schunck
Oscillatons formed by non linear gravity
Revtex file, 6 pages, 3 eps figure; matches version published in PRD
Phys.Rev. D72 (2005) 024004
10.1103/PhysRevD.72.024004
null
gr-qc
null
Oscillatons are solutions of the coupled Einstein-Klein-Gordon (EKG) equations that are globally regular and asymptotically flat. By means of a Legendre transformation we are able to visualize the behaviour of the corresponding objects in non-linear gravity where the scalar field has been absorbed by means of the conformal mapping.
[ { "created": "Thu, 1 Apr 2004 20:17:16 GMT", "version": "v1" }, { "created": "Fri, 5 Aug 2005 18:44:47 GMT", "version": "v2" } ]
2009-11-10
[ [ "Obregon", "Octavio", "" ], [ "Urena-Lopez", "L. Arturo", "" ], [ "Schunck", "Franz E.", "" ] ]
Oscillatons are solutions of the coupled Einstein-Klein-Gordon (EKG) equations that are globally regular and asymptotically flat. By means of a Legendre transformation we are able to visualize the behaviour of the corresponding objects in non-linear gravity where the scalar field has been absorbed by means of the conformal mapping.
0812.2406
Marco Pizzi
Marco Pizzi, Armando Paolino
Intersections of self-gravitating charged shells in a Reissner-Nordstrom field
21 pages, 1 figure;v3 added references
Int.J.Mod.Phys.D18:1955-1975,2009
10.1142/S0218271809015047
null
gr-qc
http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/
We describe the equation of motion of two charged spherical shells with tangential pressure in the field of a central Reissner-Nordstrom (RN) source. We solve the problem of determining the motion of the two shells \textsl{after} the intersection by solving the related Einstein-Maxwell equations and by requiring a physical continuity condition on the shells velocities. We consider also four applications: post-Newtonian and ultra-relativistic approximations, a test-shell case, and the ejection mechanism of one shell. This work is a direct generalization of Barkov-Belinski-Bisnovati-Kogan paper.
[ { "created": "Fri, 12 Dec 2008 16:02:00 GMT", "version": "v1" }, { "created": "Sat, 13 Dec 2008 14:12:13 GMT", "version": "v2" }, { "created": "Mon, 26 Jan 2009 13:23:11 GMT", "version": "v3" } ]
2010-01-06
[ [ "Pizzi", "Marco", "" ], [ "Paolino", "Armando", "" ] ]
We describe the equation of motion of two charged spherical shells with tangential pressure in the field of a central Reissner-Nordstrom (RN) source. We solve the problem of determining the motion of the two shells \textsl{after} the intersection by solving the related Einstein-Maxwell equations and by requiring a physical continuity condition on the shells velocities. We consider also four applications: post-Newtonian and ultra-relativistic approximations, a test-shell case, and the ejection mechanism of one shell. This work is a direct generalization of Barkov-Belinski-Bisnovati-Kogan paper.
1305.4884
T. Damour
Donato Bini and Thibault Damour
Analytical determination of the two-body gravitational interaction potential at the 4th post-Newtonian approximation
6 pages, no figures
null
10.1103/PhysRevD.87.121501
null
gr-qc
http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/
We complete the analytical determination, at the 4th post-Newtonian approximation, of the main radial potential describing the gravitational interaction of two bodies within the effective one-body formalism. The (non logarithmic) coefficient a_5 (nu) measuring this 4th post-Newtonian interaction potential is found to be linear in the symmetric mass ratio nu. Its nu-independent part a_5 (0) is obtained by an analytical gravitational self-force calculation that unambiguously resolves the formal infrared divergencies which currently impede its direct post-Newtonian calculation. Its nu-linear part a_5 (nu) - a_5 (0) is deduced from recent results of Jaranowski and Sch\"afer, and is found to be significantly negative.
[ { "created": "Tue, 21 May 2013 17:06:02 GMT", "version": "v1" } ]
2015-06-16
[ [ "Bini", "Donato", "" ], [ "Damour", "Thibault", "" ] ]
We complete the analytical determination, at the 4th post-Newtonian approximation, of the main radial potential describing the gravitational interaction of two bodies within the effective one-body formalism. The (non logarithmic) coefficient a_5 (nu) measuring this 4th post-Newtonian interaction potential is found to be linear in the symmetric mass ratio nu. Its nu-independent part a_5 (0) is obtained by an analytical gravitational self-force calculation that unambiguously resolves the formal infrared divergencies which currently impede its direct post-Newtonian calculation. Its nu-linear part a_5 (nu) - a_5 (0) is deduced from recent results of Jaranowski and Sch\"afer, and is found to be significantly negative.
1607.03743
Thomas Philbin
T.G. Philbin
An exact solution for the Hawking effect in a dispersive fluid
18 pages, minor changes
Phys. Rev. D 94, 064053 (2016)
10.1103/PhysRevD.94.064053
null
gr-qc cond-mat.quant-gas
http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/
We consider the wave equation for sound in a moving fluid with a fourth-order anomalous dispersion relation. The velocity of the fluid is a linear function of position, giving two points in the flow where the fluid velocity matches the group velocity of low-frequency waves. We find the exact solution for wave propagation in the flow. The scattering shows amplification of classical waves, leading to spontaneous emission when the waves are quantized. In the dispersionless limit the system corresponds to a 1+1-dimensional black-hole or white-hole binary and there is a thermal spectrum of Hawking radiation from each horizon. Dispersion changes the scattering coefficients so that the quantum emission is no longer thermal. The scattering coefficients were previously obtained by Busch and Parentani in a study of dispersive fields in de Sitter space [Phys. Rev. D 86, 104033 (2012)]. Our results give further details of the wave propagation in this exactly solvable case, where our focus is on laboratory systems.
[ { "created": "Wed, 13 Jul 2016 14:06:57 GMT", "version": "v1" }, { "created": "Tue, 19 Jul 2016 14:54:24 GMT", "version": "v2" }, { "created": "Wed, 28 Sep 2016 15:24:46 GMT", "version": "v3" } ]
2016-09-29
[ [ "Philbin", "T. G.", "" ] ]
We consider the wave equation for sound in a moving fluid with a fourth-order anomalous dispersion relation. The velocity of the fluid is a linear function of position, giving two points in the flow where the fluid velocity matches the group velocity of low-frequency waves. We find the exact solution for wave propagation in the flow. The scattering shows amplification of classical waves, leading to spontaneous emission when the waves are quantized. In the dispersionless limit the system corresponds to a 1+1-dimensional black-hole or white-hole binary and there is a thermal spectrum of Hawking radiation from each horizon. Dispersion changes the scattering coefficients so that the quantum emission is no longer thermal. The scattering coefficients were previously obtained by Busch and Parentani in a study of dispersive fields in de Sitter space [Phys. Rev. D 86, 104033 (2012)]. Our results give further details of the wave propagation in this exactly solvable case, where our focus is on laboratory systems.
2401.09737
Salvatore Capozziello
Salvatore Capozziello and Carmen Ferrara
The Equivalence Principle as a Noether Symmetry
10 pages, to appear in International Journal of Geometric Methods in Modern Physics
null
10.1142/S0219887824400140
null
gr-qc hep-th
http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/
The Equivalence Principle is considered in the framework of metric-affine gravity. We show that it naturally emerges as a Noether symmetry starting from a general non-metric theory. In particular, we discuss the Einstein Equivalence Principle and the Strong Equivalence Principle showing their relations with the non-metricity tensor. Possible violations are also discussed pointing out the role of non-metricity in this debate.
[ { "created": "Thu, 18 Jan 2024 05:36:35 GMT", "version": "v1" }, { "created": "Mon, 22 Jan 2024 14:22:53 GMT", "version": "v2" }, { "created": "Thu, 20 Jun 2024 06:52:32 GMT", "version": "v3" } ]
2024-06-21
[ [ "Capozziello", "Salvatore", "" ], [ "Ferrara", "Carmen", "" ] ]
The Equivalence Principle is considered in the framework of metric-affine gravity. We show that it naturally emerges as a Noether symmetry starting from a general non-metric theory. In particular, we discuss the Einstein Equivalence Principle and the Strong Equivalence Principle showing their relations with the non-metricity tensor. Possible violations are also discussed pointing out the role of non-metricity in this debate.
1007.5371
Edwin J. Son
Edwin J. Son and Wontae Kim
Note on nonsingular cyclic universes in the deformed Horava-Lifshitz gravity
10 pages, 2 figures
Mod.Phys.Lett.A26:719-725,2011
10.1142/S0217732311035237
null
gr-qc astro-ph.CO hep-th
http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/
We perform the phase space analysis in terms of the linearization technique in the Ho\v{r}ava-Lifshitz gravity with the softly broken detailed balance condition. It can be shown that the bouncing universe appears only for the positive spatial curvature of $k=+1$, and it is possible to obtain oscillating universe with the help of the negative dark radiation and the negative cosmological constant.
[ { "created": "Fri, 30 Jul 2010 05:39:59 GMT", "version": "v1" }, { "created": "Sun, 17 Apr 2011 23:16:01 GMT", "version": "v2" } ]
2011-04-21
[ [ "Son", "Edwin J.", "" ], [ "Kim", "Wontae", "" ] ]
We perform the phase space analysis in terms of the linearization technique in the Ho\v{r}ava-Lifshitz gravity with the softly broken detailed balance condition. It can be shown that the bouncing universe appears only for the positive spatial curvature of $k=+1$, and it is possible to obtain oscillating universe with the help of the negative dark radiation and the negative cosmological constant.
1709.09033
Douglas A. Singleton
Preston Jones, Andri Gretarsson and Douglas Singleton
Low frequency electromagnetic radiation coming from gravitational waves generated by neutron stars
16 pages revtex, no figures, 1 table. Version published in PRD
Phys. Rev. D 96, 124030 (2017)
10.1103/PhysRevD.96.124030
null
gr-qc astro-ph.HE hep-th
http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/
We investigate the possibility of observing very low frequency (VLF) electromagnetic radiation produced from the vacuum by gravitational waves. We review the calculations leading to the possibility of vacuum conversion of gravitational waves into electromagnetic waves and show how this process evades the well-known prohibition against particle production from gravitational waves. Using Newman-Penrose scalars, we estimate the luminosity of this proposed electromagnetic counterpart radiation coming from gravitational waves produced by neutron star oscillations. The detection of electromagnetic counterpart radiation would provide an indirect way of observing gravitational radiation with future spacecraft missions, especially lunar orbiting probes.
[ { "created": "Sat, 23 Sep 2017 21:08:09 GMT", "version": "v1" }, { "created": "Fri, 29 Dec 2017 22:14:09 GMT", "version": "v2" } ]
2018-01-03
[ [ "Jones", "Preston", "" ], [ "Gretarsson", "Andri", "" ], [ "Singleton", "Douglas", "" ] ]
We investigate the possibility of observing very low frequency (VLF) electromagnetic radiation produced from the vacuum by gravitational waves. We review the calculations leading to the possibility of vacuum conversion of gravitational waves into electromagnetic waves and show how this process evades the well-known prohibition against particle production from gravitational waves. Using Newman-Penrose scalars, we estimate the luminosity of this proposed electromagnetic counterpart radiation coming from gravitational waves produced by neutron star oscillations. The detection of electromagnetic counterpart radiation would provide an indirect way of observing gravitational radiation with future spacecraft missions, especially lunar orbiting probes.
2306.14581
Chevarra Hansraj
Jonathan Hakata, Rituparno Goswami, Chevarra Hansraj, Sunil D. Maharaj
What makes a shear-free spherical perfect fluid be inhomogeneous with tidal effects?
8 pages, 2 figures
General Relativity and Gravitation (2023) 55:119
10.1007/s10714-023-03161-0
null
gr-qc
http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/
This is an important and natural question as the spacetime shear, inhomogeneity and tidal effects are all intertwined via the Einstein field equations. However, as we show in this paper, such scenarios are possible for limited classes of equations of state that are solutions to a highly non-linear and fourth order differential equation. To show this, we use a covariant semitetrad spacetime decomposition and present a novel geometrical classification of shear-free Locally Rotationally Symmetric (LRS-II) perfect fluid self-gravitating systems, in terms of the covariantly defined fluid acceleration and the fluid expansion. Noteworthily, we deduce the governing differential equation that gives the possible limited equations of state of matter.
[ { "created": "Mon, 26 Jun 2023 10:48:17 GMT", "version": "v1" }, { "created": "Tue, 1 Aug 2023 14:34:15 GMT", "version": "v2" } ]
2024-06-18
[ [ "Hakata", "Jonathan", "" ], [ "Goswami", "Rituparno", "" ], [ "Hansraj", "Chevarra", "" ], [ "Maharaj", "Sunil D.", "" ] ]
This is an important and natural question as the spacetime shear, inhomogeneity and tidal effects are all intertwined via the Einstein field equations. However, as we show in this paper, such scenarios are possible for limited classes of equations of state that are solutions to a highly non-linear and fourth order differential equation. To show this, we use a covariant semitetrad spacetime decomposition and present a novel geometrical classification of shear-free Locally Rotationally Symmetric (LRS-II) perfect fluid self-gravitating systems, in terms of the covariantly defined fluid acceleration and the fluid expansion. Noteworthily, we deduce the governing differential equation that gives the possible limited equations of state of matter.
1912.10448
Philip D. Mannheim
Matthew G. Phelps, Asanka Amarasinghe and Philip D. Mannheim
Three-dimensional and four-dimensional scalar, vector, tensor cosmological fluctuations and the cosmological decomposition theorem
61 pages
null
10.1007/s10714-020-02757-0
null
gr-qc
http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/
In cosmological perturbation theory it is convenient to use the scalar, vector, tensor (SVT) basis as defined according to how these components transform under 3-dimensional rotations. In attempting to solve the fluctuation equations that are automatically written in terms of gauge-invariant combinations of these components, the equations are taken to break up into separate SVT sectors, the decomposition theorem. Here, without needing to specify a gauge, we solve the fluctuation equations exactly for some standard cosmologies, to show that in general the various gauge-invariant combinations only separate at a higher-derivative level. To achieve separation at the level of the fluctuation equations themselves one has to assume boundary conditions for the higher-derivative equations. While asymptotic conditions suffice for fluctuations around a dS background or a $k=0$ RW background, for fluctuations around a $k\neq 0$ RW background one additionally has to require that the fluctuations be well-behaved at the origin. We show that in certain cases the gauge-invariant combinations themselves involve both scalars and vectors. For such cases there is no decomposition theorem for the individual SVT components themselves, but for the gauge-invariant combinations there still can be. Given the lack of manifest covariance in defining a basis with respect to 3-dimensional rotations, we introduce an alternate SVT basis whose components are defined according to how they transform under 4-dimensional general coordinate transformations. With this basis the fluctuation equations greatly simplify, and while one can again break them up into separate gauge-invariant sectors at the higher-derivative level, in general we find that even with boundary conditions we do not obtain a decomposition theorem in which the fluctuations separate at the level of the fluctuation equations themselves.
[ { "created": "Sun, 22 Dec 2019 13:40:00 GMT", "version": "v1" } ]
2021-04-14
[ [ "Phelps", "Matthew G.", "" ], [ "Amarasinghe", "Asanka", "" ], [ "Mannheim", "Philip D.", "" ] ]
In cosmological perturbation theory it is convenient to use the scalar, vector, tensor (SVT) basis as defined according to how these components transform under 3-dimensional rotations. In attempting to solve the fluctuation equations that are automatically written in terms of gauge-invariant combinations of these components, the equations are taken to break up into separate SVT sectors, the decomposition theorem. Here, without needing to specify a gauge, we solve the fluctuation equations exactly for some standard cosmologies, to show that in general the various gauge-invariant combinations only separate at a higher-derivative level. To achieve separation at the level of the fluctuation equations themselves one has to assume boundary conditions for the higher-derivative equations. While asymptotic conditions suffice for fluctuations around a dS background or a $k=0$ RW background, for fluctuations around a $k\neq 0$ RW background one additionally has to require that the fluctuations be well-behaved at the origin. We show that in certain cases the gauge-invariant combinations themselves involve both scalars and vectors. For such cases there is no decomposition theorem for the individual SVT components themselves, but for the gauge-invariant combinations there still can be. Given the lack of manifest covariance in defining a basis with respect to 3-dimensional rotations, we introduce an alternate SVT basis whose components are defined according to how they transform under 4-dimensional general coordinate transformations. With this basis the fluctuation equations greatly simplify, and while one can again break them up into separate gauge-invariant sectors at the higher-derivative level, in general we find that even with boundary conditions we do not obtain a decomposition theorem in which the fluctuations separate at the level of the fluctuation equations themselves.
gr-qc/9905069
Mark J. Hadley
Tammo Diemer and Mark J Hadley
Charge and the topology of spacetime
Accepted by Class. Quantum Grav. More explanation added as advised by the referee. 13 pages
Class.Quant.Grav. 16 (1999) 3567-3577
10.1088/0264-9381/16/11/308
null
gr-qc
null
A new class of electrically charged wormholes is described in which the outer two sphere is not spanned by a compact coorientable hypersurface. These wormholes can therefore display net electric charge from the source free Maxwell's equation. This extends the work of Sorkin on non-space orientable manifolds, to spacetimes which do not admit a time orientation. The work is motivated by the suggestion that quantum theory can be explained by modelling elementary particles as regions of spacetime with non-trivial causal structure. The simplest example of an electrically charged spacetime carries a spherical symmetry.
[ { "created": "Wed, 19 May 1999 09:18:58 GMT", "version": "v1" }, { "created": "Thu, 2 Sep 1999 09:22:11 GMT", "version": "v2" } ]
2009-10-31
[ [ "Diemer", "Tammo", "" ], [ "Hadley", "Mark J", "" ] ]
A new class of electrically charged wormholes is described in which the outer two sphere is not spanned by a compact coorientable hypersurface. These wormholes can therefore display net electric charge from the source free Maxwell's equation. This extends the work of Sorkin on non-space orientable manifolds, to spacetimes which do not admit a time orientation. The work is motivated by the suggestion that quantum theory can be explained by modelling elementary particles as regions of spacetime with non-trivial causal structure. The simplest example of an electrically charged spacetime carries a spherical symmetry.
1612.00632
Andrea Addazi AndAdd
Andrea Addazi, Stephon Alexander, Yi-Fu Cai and Antonino Marciano
Dark matter and baryogenesis in the Fermi-bounce curvaton mechanism
some phrases are changed, one reference was added, results and conclusions are the same; 16 pages, 1 figure
Chinese Physics C Vol. 42, No. 6 (2018) 065101
10.1088/1674-1137/42/6/065101
null
gr-qc astro-ph.CO hep-th
http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/
We elaborate on a toy-model of matter bounce, in which the matter content is constituted by two fermion species endowed with four fermion interaction term. We describe the curvaton mechanism that is forth generated, and then argue that one of the two fermionic species may realize baryogenesis, while the other (lighter) one is compatible with constrains on extra hot dark matter particles.
[ { "created": "Fri, 2 Dec 2016 11:10:20 GMT", "version": "v1" }, { "created": "Mon, 5 Dec 2016 14:24:20 GMT", "version": "v2" } ]
2018-05-29
[ [ "Addazi", "Andrea", "" ], [ "Alexander", "Stephon", "" ], [ "Cai", "Yi-Fu", "" ], [ "Marciano", "Antonino", "" ] ]
We elaborate on a toy-model of matter bounce, in which the matter content is constituted by two fermion species endowed with four fermion interaction term. We describe the curvaton mechanism that is forth generated, and then argue that one of the two fermionic species may realize baryogenesis, while the other (lighter) one is compatible with constrains on extra hot dark matter particles.
0809.2590
Tomasz Pawlowski
Wojciech Kaminski, Jerzy Lewandowski, Tomasz Pawlowski
Physical time and other conceptual issues of QG on the example of LQC
Revtex4, 19 pages, 1 figure, revised to match the version published in CQG
Class.Quant.Grav.26:035012,2009
10.1088/0264-9381/26/3/035012
IGC-08/9-1
gr-qc
http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/
Several conceptual aspects of quantum gravity are studied on the example of the homogeneous isotropic LQC model. In particular: $(i)$ The proper time of the co-moving observers is showed to be a quantum operator {and} a quantum spacetime metric tensor operator is derived. $(ii)$ Solutions of the quantum scalar constraint for two different choices of the lapse function are compared and contrasted. In particular it is shown that in case of model with masless scalar field and cosmological constant $\Lambda$ the physical Hilbert spaces constructed for two choices of lapse are the same for $\Lambda<0$ while they are significantly different for $\Lambda>0$. $(iii)$ The mechanism of the singularity avoidance is analyzed via detailed studies of an energy density operator, whose essential spectrum was shown to be an interval $[0,\rhoc]$, where $\rhoc\approx 0.41\rho_{\Pl}$. $(iv)$ The relation between the kinematical and the physical quantum geometry is discussed on the level of relation between observables.
[ { "created": "Mon, 15 Sep 2008 19:20:21 GMT", "version": "v1" }, { "created": "Mon, 19 Jan 2009 10:55:58 GMT", "version": "v2" } ]
2009-01-27
[ [ "Kaminski", "Wojciech", "" ], [ "Lewandowski", "Jerzy", "" ], [ "Pawlowski", "Tomasz", "" ] ]
Several conceptual aspects of quantum gravity are studied on the example of the homogeneous isotropic LQC model. In particular: $(i)$ The proper time of the co-moving observers is showed to be a quantum operator {and} a quantum spacetime metric tensor operator is derived. $(ii)$ Solutions of the quantum scalar constraint for two different choices of the lapse function are compared and contrasted. In particular it is shown that in case of model with masless scalar field and cosmological constant $\Lambda$ the physical Hilbert spaces constructed for two choices of lapse are the same for $\Lambda<0$ while they are significantly different for $\Lambda>0$. $(iii)$ The mechanism of the singularity avoidance is analyzed via detailed studies of an energy density operator, whose essential spectrum was shown to be an interval $[0,\rhoc]$, where $\rhoc\approx 0.41\rho_{\Pl}$. $(iv)$ The relation between the kinematical and the physical quantum geometry is discussed on the level of relation between observables.
0905.3900
Wlodzimierz Piechocki
Przemyslaw Malkiewicz and Wlodzimierz Piechocki
Dirac quantization of membrane in time dependent orbifold
16 pages, no figures, version accepted for publication in Journal of High Energy Physics
JHEP 1008:054,2010
10.1007/JHEP08(2010)054
null
gr-qc hep-th
http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/
We present quantum theory of a membrane propagating in the vicinity of a time dependent orbifold singularity. The dynamics of a membrane, with the parameters space topology of a torus, winding uniformly around compact dimension of the embedding spacetime is mathematically equivalent to the dynamics of a closed string in a flat FRW spacetime. The construction of the physical Hilbert space of a membrane makes use of the kernel space of self-adjoint constraint operators. It is a subspace of the representation space of the constraints algebra. There exist non-trivial quantum states of a membrane evolving across the singularity.
[ { "created": "Sun, 24 May 2009 13:37:44 GMT", "version": "v1" }, { "created": "Sat, 29 Aug 2009 11:38:32 GMT", "version": "v2" }, { "created": "Tue, 3 Aug 2010 13:34:15 GMT", "version": "v3" } ]
2014-11-20
[ [ "Malkiewicz", "Przemyslaw", "" ], [ "Piechocki", "Wlodzimierz", "" ] ]
We present quantum theory of a membrane propagating in the vicinity of a time dependent orbifold singularity. The dynamics of a membrane, with the parameters space topology of a torus, winding uniformly around compact dimension of the embedding spacetime is mathematically equivalent to the dynamics of a closed string in a flat FRW spacetime. The construction of the physical Hilbert space of a membrane makes use of the kernel space of self-adjoint constraint operators. It is a subspace of the representation space of the constraints algebra. There exist non-trivial quantum states of a membrane evolving across the singularity.
gr-qc/9405023
null
Ignati Grigentch and D.V.Vassilevich
Reduced phase space quantization of Ashtekar's gravity on de Sitter background
9, CEBAF-TH-94-07
Int.J.Mod.Phys.D4:581-588,1995
10.1142/S0218271895000405
null
gr-qc
null
We solve perturbative constraints and eliminate gauge freedom for Ashtekar's gravity on de Sitter background. We show that the reduced phase space consists of transverse, traceless, symmetric fluctuations of the triad and of transverse, traceless, symmetric fluctuations of the connection. A part of gauge freedom corresponding to the conformal Killing vectors of the three-manifold can be fixed only by imposing conditions on Lagrange multiplier. The reduced phase space is equivalent to that of ADM gravity on the same background.
[ { "created": "Mon, 9 May 1994 18:23:58 GMT", "version": "v1" } ]
2014-11-17
[ [ "Grigentch", "Ignati", "" ], [ "Vassilevich", "D. V.", "" ] ]
We solve perturbative constraints and eliminate gauge freedom for Ashtekar's gravity on de Sitter background. We show that the reduced phase space consists of transverse, traceless, symmetric fluctuations of the triad and of transverse, traceless, symmetric fluctuations of the connection. A part of gauge freedom corresponding to the conformal Killing vectors of the three-manifold can be fixed only by imposing conditions on Lagrange multiplier. The reduced phase space is equivalent to that of ADM gravity on the same background.
0801.1726
S Habib Mazharimousavi
S. Habib Mazharimousavi and M. Halilsoy
Higher dimensional Yang-Mills black holes in third order Lovelock gravity
14 pages, 3 figures, to appear in Phys. Lett. B
Phys.Lett.B665:125-130,2008
10.1016/j.physletb.2008.06.007
null
gr-qc
http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/
By employing the higher (N\TEXTsymbol{>}5) dimensional version of the Wu-Yang Ansatz we obtain magnetically charged new black hole solutions in the Einstein-Yang-Mills-Lovelock (EYML) theory with second ($\alpha_{2}$) and third ($\alpha_{3}$)order parameters. These parameters, where $\alpha_{2}$ is also known as the Gauss-Bonnet parameter, modify the horizons (and the resulting thermodynamical properties) of the black holes. It is shown also that asymptotically ($r\to \infty $), these parameters contribute to an effective cosmological constant -without cosmological constant- so that the solution behaves de-Sitter (Anti de-Sitter) like.
[ { "created": "Fri, 11 Jan 2008 07:32:36 GMT", "version": "v1" }, { "created": "Fri, 13 Jun 2008 08:20:09 GMT", "version": "v2" } ]
2008-11-26
[ [ "Mazharimousavi", "S. Habib", "" ], [ "Halilsoy", "M.", "" ] ]
By employing the higher (N\TEXTsymbol{>}5) dimensional version of the Wu-Yang Ansatz we obtain magnetically charged new black hole solutions in the Einstein-Yang-Mills-Lovelock (EYML) theory with second ($\alpha_{2}$) and third ($\alpha_{3}$)order parameters. These parameters, where $\alpha_{2}$ is also known as the Gauss-Bonnet parameter, modify the horizons (and the resulting thermodynamical properties) of the black holes. It is shown also that asymptotically ($r\to \infty $), these parameters contribute to an effective cosmological constant -without cosmological constant- so that the solution behaves de-Sitter (Anti de-Sitter) like.
2207.01694
Sanjar Shaymatov
Ayyesha K. Ahmed, Sanjar Shaymatov, Bobomurat Ahmedov
Weak cosmic censorship conjecture for the (2+1)-dimensional charged BTZ black hole in the Einstein-Gauss-Bonnet Gravity
8 pages, no figures
Physics of the Dark Universe 37, 101082 (2022)
null
null
gr-qc
http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/
It is well known that ($2+1$) dimensional charged BTZ (Banados, Teitelboim, Zanelli) black hole can be overcharged by a charged scalar field and a charged particle in contrast to their analogues in ($3+1$) and higher dimensions. In this regard, it may play an important role to understand more deeply the properties of the ($2+1$)-dimensional charged black hole in the Einstein-Gauss-Bonnet (EGB) gravity. In this paper, we test the validity of the weak cosmic censorship conjecture for the ($2+1$)-dimensional charged black hole in novel EGB theory derived recently by Henniger et. al (2021). We show that the minimum energy that particle can have at the horizon becomes negative for both an extremal and nearly-extremal BTZ black holes in EGB gravity. It is proven that both extremal and nearly-extremal $(2+1)$ dimensional BTZ black hole could be overcharged in EGB theory, leading to the violation of the weak cosmic censorship conjecture (WCCC), which is in good agreement with the results obtained for the classical BTZ black hole.
[ { "created": "Mon, 4 Jul 2022 19:46:37 GMT", "version": "v1" } ]
2022-07-06
[ [ "Ahmed", "Ayyesha K.", "" ], [ "Shaymatov", "Sanjar", "" ], [ "Ahmedov", "Bobomurat", "" ] ]
It is well known that ($2+1$) dimensional charged BTZ (Banados, Teitelboim, Zanelli) black hole can be overcharged by a charged scalar field and a charged particle in contrast to their analogues in ($3+1$) and higher dimensions. In this regard, it may play an important role to understand more deeply the properties of the ($2+1$)-dimensional charged black hole in the Einstein-Gauss-Bonnet (EGB) gravity. In this paper, we test the validity of the weak cosmic censorship conjecture for the ($2+1$)-dimensional charged black hole in novel EGB theory derived recently by Henniger et. al (2021). We show that the minimum energy that particle can have at the horizon becomes negative for both an extremal and nearly-extremal BTZ black holes in EGB gravity. It is proven that both extremal and nearly-extremal $(2+1)$ dimensional BTZ black hole could be overcharged in EGB theory, leading to the violation of the weak cosmic censorship conjecture (WCCC), which is in good agreement with the results obtained for the classical BTZ black hole.
1701.05257
Abraham Harte
Abraham I. Harte
Metric-independence of vacuum and force-free electromagnetic fields
5 pages, minor additional comments
Phys. Rev. Lett. 118, 141101 (2017)
10.1103/PhysRevLett.118.141101
null
gr-qc
http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/
Electromagnetic fields which solve the vacuum Maxwell equations in one spacetime are well-known to also be solutions in all spacetimes with conformally-related metrics. This provides a sense in which electromagnetism alone cannot be used to measure certain aspects of geometry. We show that there is actually much more which cannot be so measured; relatively little of a spacetime's geometry is in fact imprinted in any particular electromagnetic field. This is demonstrated by finding a much larger class of metric transformations---involving five free functions---which preserve Maxwell solutions both in vacuum, without local currents, and also for the force-free electrodynamics associated with a tenuous plasma. One consequence of this is that many of the exact force-free fields which have previously been found around Schwarzschild and Kerr black holes are also solutions in appropriately-identified flat backgrounds. As a more direct application, we use our metric transformations to write down a large class of electromagnetic waves which remain unchanged by a large class of gravitational waves propagating "in the same direction."
[ { "created": "Wed, 18 Jan 2017 23:25:14 GMT", "version": "v1" }, { "created": "Wed, 12 Apr 2017 10:04:34 GMT", "version": "v2" } ]
2017-04-13
[ [ "Harte", "Abraham I.", "" ] ]
Electromagnetic fields which solve the vacuum Maxwell equations in one spacetime are well-known to also be solutions in all spacetimes with conformally-related metrics. This provides a sense in which electromagnetism alone cannot be used to measure certain aspects of geometry. We show that there is actually much more which cannot be so measured; relatively little of a spacetime's geometry is in fact imprinted in any particular electromagnetic field. This is demonstrated by finding a much larger class of metric transformations---involving five free functions---which preserve Maxwell solutions both in vacuum, without local currents, and also for the force-free electrodynamics associated with a tenuous plasma. One consequence of this is that many of the exact force-free fields which have previously been found around Schwarzschild and Kerr black holes are also solutions in appropriately-identified flat backgrounds. As a more direct application, we use our metric transformations to write down a large class of electromagnetic waves which remain unchanged by a large class of gravitational waves propagating "in the same direction."
gr-qc/9905098
Claus Kiefer
A. Barvinsky, A. Kamenshchik, C. Kiefer
Origin of the inflationary Universe
LATEX, 6 pages, selected for honorable mention in the 1999 Essay Competition of the Gravity Research Foundation. To appear in Mod. Phys. Lett. A
Mod.Phys.Lett. A14 (1999) 1083
10.1142/S0217732399001164
Freiburg THEP-99/6
gr-qc
null
We give a consistent description of how the inflationary Universe emerges in quantum cosmology. This involves two steps: Firstly, it is shown that a sensible probability peak can be obtained from the cosmological wave function. This is achieved by going beyond the tree level of the semiclassical expansion. Secondly, due to decoherence interference terms between different semiclassical branches are negligibly small. The results give constraints on the particle content of a unified theory.
[ { "created": "Thu, 27 May 1999 12:29:17 GMT", "version": "v1" } ]
2009-10-31
[ [ "Barvinsky", "A.", "" ], [ "Kamenshchik", "A.", "" ], [ "Kiefer", "C.", "" ] ]
We give a consistent description of how the inflationary Universe emerges in quantum cosmology. This involves two steps: Firstly, it is shown that a sensible probability peak can be obtained from the cosmological wave function. This is achieved by going beyond the tree level of the semiclassical expansion. Secondly, due to decoherence interference terms between different semiclassical branches are negligibly small. The results give constraints on the particle content of a unified theory.
2004.12549
Andreas Doll
Antonio De Felice, Andreas Doll, Shinji Mukohyama
A theory of type-II minimally modified gravity
18 pages
JCAP09(2020)034
10.1088/1475-7516/2020/09/034
YITP-20-55, IPMU20-0040
gr-qc astro-ph.CO hep-th
http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/
We propose a modified gravity theory that propagates only two local gravitational degrees of freedom and that does not have an Einstein frame. According to the classification in JCAP 01 (2019) 017 [arXiv:1810.01047 [gr-qc]], this is a type-II minimally modified gravity theory. The theory is characterized by the gravitational constant $G_{\rm N}$ and a function $V(\phi)$ of a non-dynamical auxiliary field $\phi$ that plays the role of dark energy. Once one fixes a homogeneous and isotropic cosmological background, the form of $V(\phi)$ is determined and the theory no longer possesses a free parameter or a free function, besides $G_{\rm N}$. For $V'(\phi) = 0$ the theory reduces to general relativity (GR) with $G_N$ being the Newton's constant and $V=const.$ being the cosmological constant. For $V'(\phi) \ne 0$, it is shown that gravity behaves differently from GR but that GR with $G_{\rm N}$ being the Newton's constant is recovered for weak gravity at distance and time scales sufficiently shorter than the scale associated with $V(\phi)$. Therefore this theory provides the simplest framework of cosmology in which deviations from GR can be tested by observational data.
[ { "created": "Mon, 27 Apr 2020 02:27:05 GMT", "version": "v1" }, { "created": "Wed, 16 Sep 2020 16:13:19 GMT", "version": "v2" } ]
2020-09-17
[ [ "De Felice", "Antonio", "" ], [ "Doll", "Andreas", "" ], [ "Mukohyama", "Shinji", "" ] ]
We propose a modified gravity theory that propagates only two local gravitational degrees of freedom and that does not have an Einstein frame. According to the classification in JCAP 01 (2019) 017 [arXiv:1810.01047 [gr-qc]], this is a type-II minimally modified gravity theory. The theory is characterized by the gravitational constant $G_{\rm N}$ and a function $V(\phi)$ of a non-dynamical auxiliary field $\phi$ that plays the role of dark energy. Once one fixes a homogeneous and isotropic cosmological background, the form of $V(\phi)$ is determined and the theory no longer possesses a free parameter or a free function, besides $G_{\rm N}$. For $V'(\phi) = 0$ the theory reduces to general relativity (GR) with $G_N$ being the Newton's constant and $V=const.$ being the cosmological constant. For $V'(\phi) \ne 0$, it is shown that gravity behaves differently from GR but that GR with $G_{\rm N}$ being the Newton's constant is recovered for weak gravity at distance and time scales sufficiently shorter than the scale associated with $V(\phi)$. Therefore this theory provides the simplest framework of cosmology in which deviations from GR can be tested by observational data.
1912.05314
Astrid Eichhorn
Astrid Eichhorn, Johannes Lumma, Antonio D. Pereira, Arslan Sikandar
Universal critical behavior in tensor models for four-dimensional quantum gravity
10 pages
null
10.1007/JHEP02(2020)110
null
gr-qc hep-th math-ph math.MP
http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/
Four-dimensional random geometries can be generated by statistical models with rank-4 tensors as random variables. These are dual to discrete building blocks of random geometries. We discover a potential candidate for a continuum limit in such a model by employing background-independent coarse-graining techniques where the tensor size serves as a pre-geometric notion of scale. A fixed point candidate which features two relevant directions is found. The possible relevance of this result in view of universal results for quantum gravity and a potential connection to the asymptotic-safety program is discussed.
[ { "created": "Wed, 11 Dec 2019 13:55:01 GMT", "version": "v1" } ]
2020-03-18
[ [ "Eichhorn", "Astrid", "" ], [ "Lumma", "Johannes", "" ], [ "Pereira", "Antonio D.", "" ], [ "Sikandar", "Arslan", "" ] ]
Four-dimensional random geometries can be generated by statistical models with rank-4 tensors as random variables. These are dual to discrete building blocks of random geometries. We discover a potential candidate for a continuum limit in such a model by employing background-independent coarse-graining techniques where the tensor size serves as a pre-geometric notion of scale. A fixed point candidate which features two relevant directions is found. The possible relevance of this result in view of universal results for quantum gravity and a potential connection to the asymptotic-safety program is discussed.
gr-qc/0402103
Stephane Fay
Stephane Fay
Scalar fields properties for flat galactic rotation curves
10 pages
Astron.Astrophys.413:799,2004; Astron.Astrophys.413:799-805,2004
10.1051/0004-6361:20031540
null
gr-qc astro-ph
null
The whole class of minimally coupled and massive scalar fields which may be responsible for flattening of galactic rotation curves is found. An interesting relation with a class of scalar-tensor theories able to isotropise anisotropic models of Universe is shown. The resulting metric is found and its stability and scalar field properties are tested with respect to the presence of a second scalar field or a small perturbation of the rotation velocity at galactic outer radii.
[ { "created": "Tue, 24 Feb 2004 14:34:12 GMT", "version": "v1" } ]
2010-11-19
[ [ "Fay", "Stephane", "" ] ]
The whole class of minimally coupled and massive scalar fields which may be responsible for flattening of galactic rotation curves is found. An interesting relation with a class of scalar-tensor theories able to isotropise anisotropic models of Universe is shown. The resulting metric is found and its stability and scalar field properties are tested with respect to the presence of a second scalar field or a small perturbation of the rotation velocity at galactic outer radii.
gr-qc/0409105
Matteo Luca Ruggiero
Guido Rizzi, Matteo Luca Ruggiero, Alessio Serafini
Synchronization Gauges and the Principles of Special Relativity
56 pages, 3 eps figures, invited paper; to appear in Foundations of Physics (Special Issue to honor Prof. Franco Selleri on his 70th birthday)
Found.Phys. 34 (2005) 1835-1887
10.1007/s10701-004-1624-3
null
gr-qc
null
The axiomatic bases of Special Relativity Theory (SRT) are thoroughly re-examined from an operational point of view, with particular emphasis on the status of Einstein synchronization in the light of the possibility of arbitrary synchronization procedures in inertial reference frames. Once correctly and explicitly phrased, the principles of SRT allow for a wide range of `theories' that differ from the standard SRT only for the difference in the chosen synchronization procedures, but are wholly equivalent to SRT in predicting empirical facts. This results in the introduction, in the full background of SRT, of a suitable synchronization gauge. A complete hierarchy of synchronization gauges is introduced and elucidated, ranging from the useful Selleri synchronization gauge (which should lead, according to Selleri, to a multiplicity of theories alternative to SRT) to the more general Mansouri-Sexl synchronization gauge and, finally, to the even more general Anderson-Vetharaniam-Stedman's synchronization gauge. It is showed that all these gauges do not challenge the SRT, as claimed by Selleri, but simply lead to a number of formalisms which leave the geometrical structure of Minkowski spacetime unchanged. Several aspects of fundamental and applied interest related to the conventional aspect of the synchronization choice are discussed, encompassing the issue of the one-way velocity of light on inertial and rotating reference frames, the GPS's working, and the recasting of Maxwell equations in generic synchronizations. Finally, it is showed how the gauge freedom introduced in SRT can be exploited in order to give a clear explanation of the Sagnac effect for counter-propagating matter beams.
[ { "created": "Tue, 28 Sep 2004 10:25:49 GMT", "version": "v1" }, { "created": "Mon, 18 Oct 2004 12:31:56 GMT", "version": "v2" } ]
2007-05-23
[ [ "Rizzi", "Guido", "" ], [ "Ruggiero", "Matteo Luca", "" ], [ "Serafini", "Alessio", "" ] ]
The axiomatic bases of Special Relativity Theory (SRT) are thoroughly re-examined from an operational point of view, with particular emphasis on the status of Einstein synchronization in the light of the possibility of arbitrary synchronization procedures in inertial reference frames. Once correctly and explicitly phrased, the principles of SRT allow for a wide range of `theories' that differ from the standard SRT only for the difference in the chosen synchronization procedures, but are wholly equivalent to SRT in predicting empirical facts. This results in the introduction, in the full background of SRT, of a suitable synchronization gauge. A complete hierarchy of synchronization gauges is introduced and elucidated, ranging from the useful Selleri synchronization gauge (which should lead, according to Selleri, to a multiplicity of theories alternative to SRT) to the more general Mansouri-Sexl synchronization gauge and, finally, to the even more general Anderson-Vetharaniam-Stedman's synchronization gauge. It is showed that all these gauges do not challenge the SRT, as claimed by Selleri, but simply lead to a number of formalisms which leave the geometrical structure of Minkowski spacetime unchanged. Several aspects of fundamental and applied interest related to the conventional aspect of the synchronization choice are discussed, encompassing the issue of the one-way velocity of light on inertial and rotating reference frames, the GPS's working, and the recasting of Maxwell equations in generic synchronizations. Finally, it is showed how the gauge freedom introduced in SRT can be exploited in order to give a clear explanation of the Sagnac effect for counter-propagating matter beams.
1411.5454
Kokubu Takafumi
Takafumi Kokubu and Tomohiro Harada
Negative tension branes as stable thin shell wormholes
24pages, 6 figures
Class.Quant.Grav. 32 (2015) 20, 205001
10.1088/0264-9381/32/20/205001
RUP-14-17
gr-qc astro-ph.HE hep-th
http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/
We investigate negative tension branes as stable thin shell wormholes in Reissner-Nordstrom-(anti) de Sitter spacetimes in $d$ dimensional Einstein gravity. Imposing Z2 symmetry, we construct and classify traversable static thin shell wormholes in spherical, planar (or cylindrical) and hyperbolic symmetries. In spherical geometry, we find the higher dimensional counterpart of Barcelo and Visser's wormholes, which are stable against spherically symmetric perturbations. We also find the classes of thin shell wormholes in planar and hyperbolic symmetries with a negative cosmological constant, which are stable against perturbations preserving symmetries. In most cases, stable wormholes are found with the combination of an electric charge and a negative cosmological constant. However, as special cases, we find stable wormholes even with vanishing cosmological constant in spherical symmetry and with vanishing electric charge in hyperbolic symmetry.
[ { "created": "Thu, 20 Nov 2014 06:46:17 GMT", "version": "v1" } ]
2015-12-29
[ [ "Kokubu", "Takafumi", "" ], [ "Harada", "Tomohiro", "" ] ]
We investigate negative tension branes as stable thin shell wormholes in Reissner-Nordstrom-(anti) de Sitter spacetimes in $d$ dimensional Einstein gravity. Imposing Z2 symmetry, we construct and classify traversable static thin shell wormholes in spherical, planar (or cylindrical) and hyperbolic symmetries. In spherical geometry, we find the higher dimensional counterpart of Barcelo and Visser's wormholes, which are stable against spherically symmetric perturbations. We also find the classes of thin shell wormholes in planar and hyperbolic symmetries with a negative cosmological constant, which are stable against perturbations preserving symmetries. In most cases, stable wormholes are found with the combination of an electric charge and a negative cosmological constant. However, as special cases, we find stable wormholes even with vanishing cosmological constant in spherical symmetry and with vanishing electric charge in hyperbolic symmetry.
0901.0394
Alan Coley
A. Coley, S. Hervik, G. Papadopoulos, N. Pelavas
Kundt Spacetimes
40 pages. to appear CQG
Class.Quant.Grav.26:105016,2009
10.1088/0264-9381/26/10/105016
null
gr-qc
http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/
Kundt spacetimes are of great importance in general relativity in 4 dimensions and have a number of topical applications in higher dimensions in the context of string theory. The degenerate Kundt spacetimes have many special and unique mathematical properties, including their invariant curvature structure and their holonomy structure. We provide a rigorous geometrical kinematical definition of the general Kundt spacetime in 4 dimensions; essentially a Kundt spacetime is defined as one admitting a null vector that is geodesic, expansion-free, shear-free and twist-free. A Kundt spacetime is said to be degenerate if the preferred kinematic and curvature null frames are all aligned. The degenerate Kundt spacetimes are the only spacetimes in 4 dimensions that are not $\mathcal{I}$-non-degenerate, so that they are not determined by their scalar polynomial curvature invariants. We first discuss the non-aligned Kundt spacetimes, and then turn our attention to the degenerate Kundt spacetimes. The degenerate Kundt spacetimes are classified algebraically by the Riemann tensor and its covariant derivatives in the aligned kinematic frame; as an example, we classify Riemann type D degenerate Kundt spacetimes in which $\nabla(Riem),\nabla^{(2)}(Riem)$ are also of type D. We discuss other local characteristics of the degenerate Kundt spacetimes. Finally, we discuss degenerate Kundt spacetimes in higher dimensions.
[ { "created": "Sun, 4 Jan 2009 19:29:38 GMT", "version": "v1" }, { "created": "Mon, 16 Mar 2009 22:40:43 GMT", "version": "v2" } ]
2009-10-09
[ [ "Coley", "A.", "" ], [ "Hervik", "S.", "" ], [ "Papadopoulos", "G.", "" ], [ "Pelavas", "N.", "" ] ]
Kundt spacetimes are of great importance in general relativity in 4 dimensions and have a number of topical applications in higher dimensions in the context of string theory. The degenerate Kundt spacetimes have many special and unique mathematical properties, including their invariant curvature structure and their holonomy structure. We provide a rigorous geometrical kinematical definition of the general Kundt spacetime in 4 dimensions; essentially a Kundt spacetime is defined as one admitting a null vector that is geodesic, expansion-free, shear-free and twist-free. A Kundt spacetime is said to be degenerate if the preferred kinematic and curvature null frames are all aligned. The degenerate Kundt spacetimes are the only spacetimes in 4 dimensions that are not $\mathcal{I}$-non-degenerate, so that they are not determined by their scalar polynomial curvature invariants. We first discuss the non-aligned Kundt spacetimes, and then turn our attention to the degenerate Kundt spacetimes. The degenerate Kundt spacetimes are classified algebraically by the Riemann tensor and its covariant derivatives in the aligned kinematic frame; as an example, we classify Riemann type D degenerate Kundt spacetimes in which $\nabla(Riem),\nabla^{(2)}(Riem)$ are also of type D. We discuss other local characteristics of the degenerate Kundt spacetimes. Finally, we discuss degenerate Kundt spacetimes in higher dimensions.
2012.11545
Vladimir O. Soloviev
Vladimir O. Soloviev
The Canonical Structure of Bigravity
11 pages, 1 table, based on a talk given at the Fourth Zeldovich meeting, an international conference in honor of Ya. B. Zeldovich held in Minsk, Belarus on September 7--11, 2020
null
10.1134/S1063772921100383
null
gr-qc hep-th
http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/
This work is motivated by an intention to make the theory of bigravity more comprehensible. Bigravity is a modification of the General Relativity (GR), maybe even the most natural one because it is based on the equivalence principle. The Hamiltonian formalism in tetrad variables transparently demonstrates the structure of bigravity
[ { "created": "Mon, 21 Dec 2020 18:27:41 GMT", "version": "v1" } ]
2021-11-03
[ [ "Soloviev", "Vladimir O.", "" ] ]
This work is motivated by an intention to make the theory of bigravity more comprehensible. Bigravity is a modification of the General Relativity (GR), maybe even the most natural one because it is based on the equivalence principle. The Hamiltonian formalism in tetrad variables transparently demonstrates the structure of bigravity
2002.01341
Kimet Jusufi
Kimet Jusufi, Phongpichit Channuie, Mubasher Jamil
Traversable Wormholes Supported by GUP Corrected Casimir Energy
14 pages, 18 figures. Accepted for publication in EPJC. arXiv admin note: text overlap with arXiv:1112.2924 by other authors
Eur. Phys. J. C 80, 127 (2020)
10.1140/epjc/s10052-020-7690-7
null
gr-qc
http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/
In this paper, we investigate the effect of the Generalized Uncertainty Principle (GUP) in the Casimir wormhole spacetime recently proposed by Garattini [Eur. Phys. J. C (2019) 79: 951]. In particular, we consider three types of the GUP relations, firstly the Kempf, Mangano and Mann (KMM) model, secondly the Detournay, Gabriel and Spindel (DGS) model, and finally the so called type II model for GUP principle. To this end, we consider three specific models of the redshift function along with two different EoS of state given by $\mathcal{P}_r(r)=\omega_r(r) \rho(r)$ along with $\mathcal{P}_t(r)=\omega_t (r)\mathcal{P}_r(r)$ and obtain a class of asymptotically flat wormhole solutions supported by Casimir energy under the effect of GUP. Furthermore we check the null, weak, and strong condition at the wormhole throat with a radius $r_0$, and show that in general the classical energy condition are violated by some arbitrary quantity at the wormhole throat. Importantly, we examine the wormhole geometry with semi-classical corrections via embedding diagrams. We also consider the ADM mass of the wormhole, the volume integral quantifier to calculate the amount of the exotic matter near the wormhole throat, and the deflection angle of light.
[ { "created": "Mon, 3 Feb 2020 11:43:52 GMT", "version": "v1" } ]
2020-02-18
[ [ "Jusufi", "Kimet", "" ], [ "Channuie", "Phongpichit", "" ], [ "Jamil", "Mubasher", "" ] ]
In this paper, we investigate the effect of the Generalized Uncertainty Principle (GUP) in the Casimir wormhole spacetime recently proposed by Garattini [Eur. Phys. J. C (2019) 79: 951]. In particular, we consider three types of the GUP relations, firstly the Kempf, Mangano and Mann (KMM) model, secondly the Detournay, Gabriel and Spindel (DGS) model, and finally the so called type II model for GUP principle. To this end, we consider three specific models of the redshift function along with two different EoS of state given by $\mathcal{P}_r(r)=\omega_r(r) \rho(r)$ along with $\mathcal{P}_t(r)=\omega_t (r)\mathcal{P}_r(r)$ and obtain a class of asymptotically flat wormhole solutions supported by Casimir energy under the effect of GUP. Furthermore we check the null, weak, and strong condition at the wormhole throat with a radius $r_0$, and show that in general the classical energy condition are violated by some arbitrary quantity at the wormhole throat. Importantly, we examine the wormhole geometry with semi-classical corrections via embedding diagrams. We also consider the ADM mass of the wormhole, the volume integral quantifier to calculate the amount of the exotic matter near the wormhole throat, and the deflection angle of light.
gr-qc/9705050
Dharam V. Ahluwalia
D. V. Ahluwalia (Los Alamos, and ANSER, Inc.)
On a New Non-Geometric Element in Gravity
1997 Gravity Research Foundation Essay (Fourth Prize), 11 pages
Gen.Rel.Grav.29:1491-1501,1997
10.1023/A:1018874111373
LA-UR-97-864
gr-qc quant-ph
null
In this essay a generalized notion of flavor-oscillation clocks is introduced. The generalization contains the element that various superimposed mass eigenstates may have different relative orientation of the component of their spin with respect to the rotational axis of the the gravitational source. It is found that these quantum mechanical clocks do not always redshift identically when moved from the gravitational environment of a non-rotating source to the field of a rotating source. The non-geometric contributions to the redshifts may be interpreted as quantum mechanically induced fluctuations over a geometric structure of space-time.
[ { "created": "Tue, 20 May 1997 19:20:45 GMT", "version": "v1" }, { "created": "Wed, 21 May 1997 01:18:55 GMT", "version": "v2" } ]
2008-11-26
[ [ "Ahluwalia", "D. V.", "", "Los Alamos, and ANSER, Inc." ] ]
In this essay a generalized notion of flavor-oscillation clocks is introduced. The generalization contains the element that various superimposed mass eigenstates may have different relative orientation of the component of their spin with respect to the rotational axis of the the gravitational source. It is found that these quantum mechanical clocks do not always redshift identically when moved from the gravitational environment of a non-rotating source to the field of a rotating source. The non-geometric contributions to the redshifts may be interpreted as quantum mechanically induced fluctuations over a geometric structure of space-time.
2110.06247
Harkirat Singh Sahota
Harkirat Singh Sahota and Kinjalk Lochan
Infrared signatures of quantum bounce in a minisuperspace analysis of Lema\^{\i}tre-Tolman-Bondi dust collapse
21 pages, 5 figures, Version published in Phys. Rev. D
Phys. Rev. D 104, 126027 (2021)
10.1103/PhysRevD.104.126027
null
gr-qc hep-th
http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/
In the quantum treatment of collapsing matter, a viable mode analysis is supposed to give information regarding emission during the collapse. Nevertheless, partly owing to operator ordering ambiguities involved in a typical quantum gravity analysis, the availability of such well-defined modes is not guaranteed. We study the mode decomposition of the unitarily evolving wave packet constructed for the quantum model of spherically symmetric dust collapsing in a marginally bound Lema\^{\i}tre-Tolman-Bondi (LTB) model. We identify the observable depicting mode decomposition, and using the freedom of operator ordering ambiguity, we obtain the Hermitian extension of this operator alongside the Hermitian Hamiltonian. After identifying incoming and outgoing modes with this operator's eigenstates, we estimate their contributions to the radiation profile. The infrared sector of this process demonstrates some characteristic features which turn out to be highly sensitive to the near-bounce dynamics of the dust cloud. Near the epoch of classical singularity, there is a significant contribution from incoming/outgoing modes of small wavenumber in the expanding/collapsing phase of the dust cloud, which keeps on decreasing as one moves away from the singularity. The information of the bounce is carried over to the infrared modes through a flip from largely incoming to largely outgoing radiation as the evolution progresses from collapsing to expanding phase, much before the information of bounce comes about to any observer. In the infrared sector, the saturation value of the amplitude marks the bounce radius. Thus, we argue that the information of the short scale physics is essentially carried over to the longest wavelength in this quantum gravity model, which we argue is rather more prominent for low energy processes.
[ { "created": "Tue, 12 Oct 2021 18:03:12 GMT", "version": "v1" }, { "created": "Tue, 28 Dec 2021 10:20:39 GMT", "version": "v2" } ]
2021-12-30
[ [ "Sahota", "Harkirat Singh", "" ], [ "Lochan", "Kinjalk", "" ] ]
In the quantum treatment of collapsing matter, a viable mode analysis is supposed to give information regarding emission during the collapse. Nevertheless, partly owing to operator ordering ambiguities involved in a typical quantum gravity analysis, the availability of such well-defined modes is not guaranteed. We study the mode decomposition of the unitarily evolving wave packet constructed for the quantum model of spherically symmetric dust collapsing in a marginally bound Lema\^{\i}tre-Tolman-Bondi (LTB) model. We identify the observable depicting mode decomposition, and using the freedom of operator ordering ambiguity, we obtain the Hermitian extension of this operator alongside the Hermitian Hamiltonian. After identifying incoming and outgoing modes with this operator's eigenstates, we estimate their contributions to the radiation profile. The infrared sector of this process demonstrates some characteristic features which turn out to be highly sensitive to the near-bounce dynamics of the dust cloud. Near the epoch of classical singularity, there is a significant contribution from incoming/outgoing modes of small wavenumber in the expanding/collapsing phase of the dust cloud, which keeps on decreasing as one moves away from the singularity. The information of the bounce is carried over to the infrared modes through a flip from largely incoming to largely outgoing radiation as the evolution progresses from collapsing to expanding phase, much before the information of bounce comes about to any observer. In the infrared sector, the saturation value of the amplitude marks the bounce radius. Thus, we argue that the information of the short scale physics is essentially carried over to the longest wavelength in this quantum gravity model, which we argue is rather more prominent for low energy processes.
2108.04234
Debashis Gangopadhyay
Somnath Mukherjee, Debashis Gangopadhyay
An accelerated universe with negative equation of state parameter in Inhomogeneous Cosmology with $k$-essence scalar field
7 pages, latex. arXiv admin note: substantial text overlap with arXiv:1602.01289
Physics of The Dark Universe, Volume 32, May 2021, 100800
null
null
gr-qc
http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/
We obtain a scaling relation for spherically symmetric k-essence scalar fields $\phi(r,t)$ for an inhomogeneous cosmology with the Lemaitre-Tolman- Bondi (LTB) metric. We show that this scaling relation reduces to the known relation for a homogeneous cosmology when the LTB metric reduces to the Friedmann-Lemaitre-Robertson-Walker (FLRW) metric under certain identifications of the metric functions. A k-essence lagrangian is set up and the Euler-Lagrangian equations solved assuming $\phi(r,t)=\phi_{1}(r) + \phi_{2}(t)$. The solutions enable the LBT metric functions to be related to the fields. The LTB inhomogeneous universe exhibits accelerated expansion i.e.cosmic acceleration driven by negative pressure.
[ { "created": "Sun, 8 Aug 2021 05:56:23 GMT", "version": "v1" } ]
2021-08-21
[ [ "Mukherjee", "Somnath", "" ], [ "Gangopadhyay", "Debashis", "" ] ]
We obtain a scaling relation for spherically symmetric k-essence scalar fields $\phi(r,t)$ for an inhomogeneous cosmology with the Lemaitre-Tolman- Bondi (LTB) metric. We show that this scaling relation reduces to the known relation for a homogeneous cosmology when the LTB metric reduces to the Friedmann-Lemaitre-Robertson-Walker (FLRW) metric under certain identifications of the metric functions. A k-essence lagrangian is set up and the Euler-Lagrangian equations solved assuming $\phi(r,t)=\phi_{1}(r) + \phi_{2}(t)$. The solutions enable the LBT metric functions to be related to the fields. The LTB inhomogeneous universe exhibits accelerated expansion i.e.cosmic acceleration driven by negative pressure.
gr-qc/0508057
Oleg Zaslavskii
O.B.Zaslavskii
Exactly solvable model of wormhole supported by phantom energy
6 pages. Two references added, typos corrected. Accepted for publication in Phys. Rev. D as Rapid Communication
Phys.Rev. D72 (2005) 061303
10.1103/PhysRevD.72.061303
null
gr-qc astro-ph hep-th
null
We have found a simple exact solution of spherically-symmetrical Einstein equations describing a wormhole for an inhomogeneous distribution of the phantom energy. The equation of state is linear but highly anisotropic: while the radial pressure is negative, the transversal one is positive. At infinity the spacetime is not asymptotically flat and possesses on each side of the bridge a regular cosmological Killing horizon with an infinite area, impenetrable for any particles. This horizon does not arise if the wormhole region is glued to the Schwarzschild region. In doing so, the wormhole can enclose an arbitrary amount of the phantom energy. The configuration under discussion has a limit in which the phantom energy turns into the string dust, the areal radius tends to the constant. In this limit, the strong gravitational mass defect is realized in that the gravitational active mass is finite and constant while the proper mass integrated over the total manifold is infinite.
[ { "created": "Sat, 13 Aug 2005 08:18:35 GMT", "version": "v1" }, { "created": "Mon, 5 Sep 2005 17:22:03 GMT", "version": "v2" } ]
2009-11-11
[ [ "Zaslavskii", "O. B.", "" ] ]
We have found a simple exact solution of spherically-symmetrical Einstein equations describing a wormhole for an inhomogeneous distribution of the phantom energy. The equation of state is linear but highly anisotropic: while the radial pressure is negative, the transversal one is positive. At infinity the spacetime is not asymptotically flat and possesses on each side of the bridge a regular cosmological Killing horizon with an infinite area, impenetrable for any particles. This horizon does not arise if the wormhole region is glued to the Schwarzschild region. In doing so, the wormhole can enclose an arbitrary amount of the phantom energy. The configuration under discussion has a limit in which the phantom energy turns into the string dust, the areal radius tends to the constant. In this limit, the strong gravitational mass defect is realized in that the gravitational active mass is finite and constant while the proper mass integrated over the total manifold is infinite.
0709.0532
Vitor Cardoso
Vitor Cardoso, Paolo Pani, Mariano Cadoni, Marco Cavaglia
Ergoregion instability of ultra-compact astrophysical objects
14 pages, 8 Figures, 6 Tables. RevTeX4. v2: Shortened version, published on PRD, focused on gravastars and boson stars. Sections on wormholes and superspinars will appear elsewhere
Phys.Rev.D77:124044,2008
10.1103/PhysRevD.77.124044
null
gr-qc astro-ph hep-ph
http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/
Most of the properties of black holes can be mimicked by horizonless compact objects such as gravastars and boson stars. We show that these ultra-compact objects develop a strong ergoregion instability when rapidly spinning. Instability timescales can be of the order of 0.1 seconds to 1 week for objects with mass M=1-10^6 solar masses and angular momentum J> 0.4 M^2. This provides a strong indication that ultra-compact objects with large rotation are black holes. Explosive events due to ergoregion instability have a well-defined gravitational-wave signature. These events could be detected by next-generation gravitational-wave detectors such as Advanced LIGO or LISA.
[ { "created": "Tue, 4 Sep 2007 20:25:29 GMT", "version": "v1" }, { "created": "Fri, 4 Jul 2008 20:28:11 GMT", "version": "v2" } ]
2008-11-26
[ [ "Cardoso", "Vitor", "" ], [ "Pani", "Paolo", "" ], [ "Cadoni", "Mariano", "" ], [ "Cavaglia", "Marco", "" ] ]
Most of the properties of black holes can be mimicked by horizonless compact objects such as gravastars and boson stars. We show that these ultra-compact objects develop a strong ergoregion instability when rapidly spinning. Instability timescales can be of the order of 0.1 seconds to 1 week for objects with mass M=1-10^6 solar masses and angular momentum J> 0.4 M^2. This provides a strong indication that ultra-compact objects with large rotation are black holes. Explosive events due to ergoregion instability have a well-defined gravitational-wave signature. These events could be detected by next-generation gravitational-wave detectors such as Advanced LIGO or LISA.
2305.10943
Dnyaneshwar Tadas
S. P. Hatkar, D. P. Tadas, S. D. Katore
Non-interacting String and Holographic Dark Energy Cosmological Models in f(R) Theory of Gravitation
15 Pages, 07 Figures
null
null
null
gr-qc
http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/
In this paper, a new class of string and holographic dark energy (HDE) cosmological model in the context of f(R) theory of gravity using the Kasner metric is considered. The exact solution of filed equations are obtained by using the relation between average scale factor and the scalar function f(R). It is observed that the universe is accelerating and expanding. The string phase of the universe is present at early stage of evolution of the universe. The universe is dominated by quintessence type HDE at present. Effect of the curvature function f(R) is also observed on dynamical parameters.
[ { "created": "Thu, 18 May 2023 13:01:17 GMT", "version": "v1" } ]
2023-05-19
[ [ "Hatkar", "S. P.", "" ], [ "Tadas", "D. P.", "" ], [ "Katore", "S. D.", "" ] ]
In this paper, a new class of string and holographic dark energy (HDE) cosmological model in the context of f(R) theory of gravity using the Kasner metric is considered. The exact solution of filed equations are obtained by using the relation between average scale factor and the scalar function f(R). It is observed that the universe is accelerating and expanding. The string phase of the universe is present at early stage of evolution of the universe. The universe is dominated by quintessence type HDE at present. Effect of the curvature function f(R) is also observed on dynamical parameters.
2112.09950
Juan M. Z\'arate Pretel
Jos\'e C. Jim\'enez, Juan M. Z. Pretel, Eduardo S. Fraga, Sergio E. Jor\'as and Ribamar R. R. Reis
$R^2$-gravity quark stars from perturbative QCD
Accepted for publication in JCAP; 17 pages, 5 figures and minor clarifications added
JCAP 07 (2022) 017
10.1088/1475-7516/2022/07/017
null
gr-qc astro-ph.HE hep-ph
http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/
We investigate the structure of quark stars in the framework of $f(R)= R+ \alpha R^2$ gravity using an equation of state for cold quark matter obtained from perturbative QCD, parametrized only by the renormalization scale. We show that a considerably large range of the free parameter $\alpha$, within and even beyond the constraints previously reported in the literature, yield non-negligible modifications in the mass and radius of stars with large central mass densities. Besides, their stability against baryon evaporation is analyzed through the behavior of the associated total binding energies for which we show that these energies are slightly affected by the modified gravity term in the regime of high proper (baryon) masses.
[ { "created": "Sat, 18 Dec 2021 15:05:50 GMT", "version": "v1" }, { "created": "Wed, 5 Jan 2022 16:47:48 GMT", "version": "v2" }, { "created": "Tue, 24 May 2022 14:49:40 GMT", "version": "v3" } ]
2022-07-12
[ [ "Jiménez", "José C.", "" ], [ "Pretel", "Juan M. Z.", "" ], [ "Fraga", "Eduardo S.", "" ], [ "Jorás", "Sergio E.", "" ], [ "Reis", "Ribamar R. R.", "" ] ]
We investigate the structure of quark stars in the framework of $f(R)= R+ \alpha R^2$ gravity using an equation of state for cold quark matter obtained from perturbative QCD, parametrized only by the renormalization scale. We show that a considerably large range of the free parameter $\alpha$, within and even beyond the constraints previously reported in the literature, yield non-negligible modifications in the mass and radius of stars with large central mass densities. Besides, their stability against baryon evaporation is analyzed through the behavior of the associated total binding energies for which we show that these energies are slightly affected by the modified gravity term in the regime of high proper (baryon) masses.
1202.6015
Stefano Finazzi
Stefano Finazzi and Renaud Parentani
Hawking radiation in dispersive theories, the two regimes
11 pages, 9 figures
Phys. Rev. D 85, 124027 (2012)
10.1103/PhysRevD.85.124027
null
gr-qc cond-mat.quant-gas hep-th
http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/
We compute the black hole radiation spectrum in the presence of high-frequency dispersion in a large set of situations. In all cases, the spectrum diverges like the inverse of the Killing frequency. When studying the low-frequency spectrum, we find only two regimes: an adiabatic one where the corrections with respect to the standard temperature are small, and an abrupt one regulated by dispersion, in which the near-horizon metric can be replaced by step functions. The transition from one regime to the other is governed by a single parameter which also governs the net redshift undergone by dispersive modes. These results can be used to characterize the quasiparticles spectrum of recent and future experiments aiming to detect the analogue Hawking radiation. They also apply to theories of quantum gravity which violate Lorentz invariance.
[ { "created": "Mon, 27 Feb 2012 18:17:50 GMT", "version": "v1" }, { "created": "Thu, 14 Jun 2012 15:10:06 GMT", "version": "v2" } ]
2012-06-15
[ [ "Finazzi", "Stefano", "" ], [ "Parentani", "Renaud", "" ] ]
We compute the black hole radiation spectrum in the presence of high-frequency dispersion in a large set of situations. In all cases, the spectrum diverges like the inverse of the Killing frequency. When studying the low-frequency spectrum, we find only two regimes: an adiabatic one where the corrections with respect to the standard temperature are small, and an abrupt one regulated by dispersion, in which the near-horizon metric can be replaced by step functions. The transition from one regime to the other is governed by a single parameter which also governs the net redshift undergone by dispersive modes. These results can be used to characterize the quasiparticles spectrum of recent and future experiments aiming to detect the analogue Hawking radiation. They also apply to theories of quantum gravity which violate Lorentz invariance.
gr-qc/0602023
Lev Prokhorov
Lev V. Prokhorov
Quantum mechanics and the cosmological constant
9 pages; minor corrections
null
null
null
gr-qc hep-th quant-ph
null
It is shown that in the model [3,4] of quantum mechanics besides probability amplitudes, the Planck constant and the Fock space, the cosmological constant also appear in the natural way. The Poisson brackets are generalized for the case of kinetics.
[ { "created": "Tue, 7 Feb 2006 09:22:19 GMT", "version": "v1" }, { "created": "Tue, 21 Feb 2006 18:40:04 GMT", "version": "v2" } ]
2007-05-23
[ [ "Prokhorov", "Lev V.", "" ] ]
It is shown that in the model [3,4] of quantum mechanics besides probability amplitudes, the Planck constant and the Fock space, the cosmological constant also appear in the natural way. The Poisson brackets are generalized for the case of kinetics.
gr-qc/9603007
Vladimir Dzhunushaliev
V. D. Dzhunushaliev
5D Kaluza - Klein's Wormhole Between Two Event Horizons
REVTEX, 3 pages
null
null
null
gr-qc hep-th
null
The solution of the 5D Kaluza-Klein's theory is obtained. This solution is a Lorentzian wormhole between two event horizons. It is shown that this solution can sew with (4D Reissner-Nordstr\"om's solution + Maxwell's electrical field) on the event horizon. Such construction is composite wormhole connecting two asymptotically flat region. From the viewpoint of infinite observer this wormhole is an electrical charge. According to J. Wheeler terminology this is "charge without charge".
[ { "created": "Thu, 7 Mar 1996 04:42:56 GMT", "version": "v1" } ]
2007-05-23
[ [ "Dzhunushaliev", "V. D.", "" ] ]
The solution of the 5D Kaluza-Klein's theory is obtained. This solution is a Lorentzian wormhole between two event horizons. It is shown that this solution can sew with (4D Reissner-Nordstr\"om's solution + Maxwell's electrical field) on the event horizon. Such construction is composite wormhole connecting two asymptotically flat region. From the viewpoint of infinite observer this wormhole is an electrical charge. According to J. Wheeler terminology this is "charge without charge".
2006.04272
Deborah Ferguson
Deborah Ferguson, Karan Jani, Pablo Laguna, and Deirdre Shoemaker
Assessing the Readiness of Numerical Relativity for LISA and 3G Detectors
7 pages, 5 figures
Phys. Rev. D 104, 044037 (2021)
10.1103/PhysRevD.104.044037
null
gr-qc
http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/
Future detectors such as LISA promise signal-to-noise ratios potentially in the thousands and data containing simultaneous signals. Accurate numerical relativity waveforms will be essential to maximize the science return. A question of interest to the broad gravitational wave community is: Are the numerical relativity codes ready to face this challenge? Towards answering this question, we provide a new criteria to identify the minimum resolution a simulation must have as a function of signal-to-noise ratio in order for the numerical relativity waveform to be indistinguishable from a true signal. This criteria can be applied to any finite-differencing numerical relativity code with multiple simulations of differing resolutions for the desired binary parameters and waveform length. We apply this criteria to binary systems of interest with the fourth-order MAYA code to obtain the first estimate of the minimum resolution a simulation must have to be prepared for next generation detectors.
[ { "created": "Sun, 7 Jun 2020 21:32:18 GMT", "version": "v1" }, { "created": "Fri, 9 Jul 2021 18:57:16 GMT", "version": "v2" }, { "created": "Wed, 8 Dec 2021 22:35:14 GMT", "version": "v3" } ]
2021-12-10
[ [ "Ferguson", "Deborah", "" ], [ "Jani", "Karan", "" ], [ "Laguna", "Pablo", "" ], [ "Shoemaker", "Deirdre", "" ] ]
Future detectors such as LISA promise signal-to-noise ratios potentially in the thousands and data containing simultaneous signals. Accurate numerical relativity waveforms will be essential to maximize the science return. A question of interest to the broad gravitational wave community is: Are the numerical relativity codes ready to face this challenge? Towards answering this question, we provide a new criteria to identify the minimum resolution a simulation must have as a function of signal-to-noise ratio in order for the numerical relativity waveform to be indistinguishable from a true signal. This criteria can be applied to any finite-differencing numerical relativity code with multiple simulations of differing resolutions for the desired binary parameters and waveform length. We apply this criteria to binary systems of interest with the fourth-order MAYA code to obtain the first estimate of the minimum resolution a simulation must have to be prepared for next generation detectors.
1812.01909
Roderich Tumulka
Roderich Tumulka
The Problem of Boltzmann Brains and How Bohmian Mechanics Helps Solve It
7 pages, 2 figures (1 figure file). Written for the Proceedings of the 15th Marcel Grossmann Meeting on General Relativity (Rome 2018), edited by E. Battistelli, R.T. Jantzen, and R. Ruffini
null
null
null
gr-qc quant-ph
http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/
Most versions of classical physics imply that if the 4-volume of the entire space-time is infinite or at least extremely large, then random fluctuations in the matter will by coincidence create copies of us in remote places, so called "Boltzmann brains." That is a problem because it leads to the wrong prediction that _we_ should be Boltzmann brains. The question arises, how can any theory avoid making this wrong prediction? In quantum physics, it turns out that the discussion requires a formulation of quantum theory that is more precise than the orthodox interpretation. Using Bohmian mechanics for this purpose, we point out a possible solution to the problem based on the phenomenon of "freezing" of configurations.
[ { "created": "Wed, 5 Dec 2018 10:46:57 GMT", "version": "v1" } ]
2018-12-06
[ [ "Tumulka", "Roderich", "" ] ]
Most versions of classical physics imply that if the 4-volume of the entire space-time is infinite or at least extremely large, then random fluctuations in the matter will by coincidence create copies of us in remote places, so called "Boltzmann brains." That is a problem because it leads to the wrong prediction that _we_ should be Boltzmann brains. The question arises, how can any theory avoid making this wrong prediction? In quantum physics, it turns out that the discussion requires a formulation of quantum theory that is more precise than the orthodox interpretation. Using Bohmian mechanics for this purpose, we point out a possible solution to the problem based on the phenomenon of "freezing" of configurations.
0911.3519
Alberto Rozas-Fernandez
Alberto Rozas-Fernandez
Holographic dilatonic model of dark energy
7 pages, 3 figures, changed content, added references, accepted for publication at Eur.Phys.J.C
Eur.Phys.J.C71:1536,2011
10.1140/epjc/s10052-010-1536-7
null
gr-qc astro-ph.CO hep-th
http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/
We present a dilatonic description of the holographic dark energy by connecting the holographic dark energy density with the dilaton scalar field energy density in a flat Friedmann-Robertson-Walker universe. We show that this model can describe the observed accelerated expansion of our universe with the choice $c\geq1$ and reconstruct the kinetic term as well as the dynamics of the dilaton scalar field.
[ { "created": "Wed, 18 Nov 2009 12:29:39 GMT", "version": "v1" }, { "created": "Tue, 16 Nov 2010 16:31:27 GMT", "version": "v2" } ]
2011-03-03
[ [ "Rozas-Fernandez", "Alberto", "" ] ]
We present a dilatonic description of the holographic dark energy by connecting the holographic dark energy density with the dilaton scalar field energy density in a flat Friedmann-Robertson-Walker universe. We show that this model can describe the observed accelerated expansion of our universe with the choice $c\geq1$ and reconstruct the kinetic term as well as the dynamics of the dilaton scalar field.
gr-qc/0208046
Craig B. Markwardt
Craig B. Markwardt
Independent Confirmation of the Pioneer 10 Anomalous Acceleration
RevTeX, 29 pages, 5 figures, submitted to Phys Rev D
null
null
null
gr-qc astro-ph
null
I perform an independent analysis of radio Doppler tracking data from the Pioneer 10 spacecraft for the time period 1987-1994. All of the tracking data were taken from public archive sources, and the analysis tools were developed independently by myself. I confirm that an apparent anomalous acceleration is acting on the Pioneer 10 spacecraft, which is not accounted for by present physical models of spacecraft navigation. My best fit value for the acceleration, including corrections for systematic biases and uncertainties, is (8.60 +/- 1.34) x 10^{-8} cm s^{-2}, directed towards the Sun. This value compares favorably to previous results. I examine the robustness of my result to various perturbations of the analysis method, and find agreement to within +/- 5%. The anomalous acceleration is reasonably constant with time, with a characteristic variation time scale of > 70 yr. Such a variation timescale is still too short to rule out on-board thermal radiation effects, based on this particular Pioneer 10 data set.
[ { "created": "Fri, 16 Aug 2002 21:41:28 GMT", "version": "v1" } ]
2007-05-23
[ [ "Markwardt", "Craig B.", "" ] ]
I perform an independent analysis of radio Doppler tracking data from the Pioneer 10 spacecraft for the time period 1987-1994. All of the tracking data were taken from public archive sources, and the analysis tools were developed independently by myself. I confirm that an apparent anomalous acceleration is acting on the Pioneer 10 spacecraft, which is not accounted for by present physical models of spacecraft navigation. My best fit value for the acceleration, including corrections for systematic biases and uncertainties, is (8.60 +/- 1.34) x 10^{-8} cm s^{-2}, directed towards the Sun. This value compares favorably to previous results. I examine the robustness of my result to various perturbations of the analysis method, and find agreement to within +/- 5%. The anomalous acceleration is reasonably constant with time, with a characteristic variation time scale of > 70 yr. Such a variation timescale is still too short to rule out on-board thermal radiation effects, based on this particular Pioneer 10 data set.
1707.02720
Chopin Soo
Eyo Eyo Ita III, Chopin Soo, Hoi-Lai Yu
Intrinsic time gravity, heat kernel regularization, and emergence of Einstein's theory
8 pages; replaced with published version
Class. Quantum Grav. 38 035007 (2021)
10.1088/1361-6382/abcb0e
null
gr-qc
http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/
The Hamiltonian of Intrinsic Time Gravity is elucidated. The theory describes Schrodinger evolution of our universe with respect to the fractional change of the total spatial volume. Gravitational interactions are introduced by extending Klauder's momentric variable with similarity transformations, and explicit spatial diffeomorphism invariance is enforced via similarity transformation with exponentials of spatial integrals. In analogy with Yang-Mills theory, a Cotton-York term is obtained from the Chern-Simons functional of the affine connection. The essential difference is the fundamental variable for geometrodynamics is the metric rather than a gauge connection; in the case of Yang-Mills, there is also no analog of the integral of the spatial Ricci scalar curvature. Heat kernel regularization is employed to isolate the divergences of coincidence limits; apart from an additional Cotton-York term, a prescription in which Einstein's Ricci scalar potential emerges naturally from the positive-definite self-adjoint Hamiltonian of the theory is demonstrated.
[ { "created": "Mon, 10 Jul 2017 07:13:51 GMT", "version": "v1" }, { "created": "Tue, 14 Nov 2017 06:34:04 GMT", "version": "v2" }, { "created": "Wed, 2 Sep 2020 09:11:39 GMT", "version": "v3" }, { "created": "Mon, 11 Jan 2021 00:18:44 GMT", "version": "v4" } ]
2021-01-12
[ [ "Ita", "Eyo Eyo", "III" ], [ "Soo", "Chopin", "" ], [ "Yu", "Hoi-Lai", "" ] ]
The Hamiltonian of Intrinsic Time Gravity is elucidated. The theory describes Schrodinger evolution of our universe with respect to the fractional change of the total spatial volume. Gravitational interactions are introduced by extending Klauder's momentric variable with similarity transformations, and explicit spatial diffeomorphism invariance is enforced via similarity transformation with exponentials of spatial integrals. In analogy with Yang-Mills theory, a Cotton-York term is obtained from the Chern-Simons functional of the affine connection. The essential difference is the fundamental variable for geometrodynamics is the metric rather than a gauge connection; in the case of Yang-Mills, there is also no analog of the integral of the spatial Ricci scalar curvature. Heat kernel regularization is employed to isolate the divergences of coincidence limits; apart from an additional Cotton-York term, a prescription in which Einstein's Ricci scalar potential emerges naturally from the positive-definite self-adjoint Hamiltonian of the theory is demonstrated.