question stringlengths 29 100 | answers list | ctxs list | nq_annotated_gold dict |
|---|---|---|---|
what type of legal system is used in the uk | [
"Scots law",
"Northern Ireland law",
"English law"
] | [
{
"title": "English law",
"text": "of Wales Act 2006 came into force after the 2007 Welsh general election. That said, the Welsh legal system remains English common law, in that the legal system administered through both civil and criminal courts remains unified throughout England and Wales. This is differe... | {
"title": "Law of the United Kingdom",
"long_answer": "The United Kingdom has three legal systems, each of which applies to a particular geographical area. English law applies in England and Wales, Northern Ireland law applies in Northern Ireland, and Scots law applies in Scotland. While these three systems diverge in the more detailed rules, there are also substantive fields of law which apply across the United Kingdom.",
"chunked_long_answer": "The United Kingdom has three legal systems, each of which applies to a particular geographical area. English law applies in England and Wales, Northern Ireland law applies in Northern Ireland, and Scots law applies in Scotland. While these three systems diverge in the more detailed rules, there are also substantive fields of law which apply across the United Kingdom.",
"short_answers": [
"English law",
"Northern Ireland law",
"Scots law"
]
} |
when did macbook pro 13 inch come out | [
"October 2008",
"June 8, 2009"
] | [
{
"title": "MacBook Pro",
"text": "13-inch model now comes with a 128GB storage option, down from the base 256GB storage. On July 12, 2018 Apple updated the Touch Bar models with Intel Coffee Lake quad-core processors in 13-inch models and six-core processors in 15-inch models, updated graphics cards, third... | {
"title": "MacBook Pro",
"long_answer": "The product's second iteration, known as the \"unibody\" model, has a casing made from a single piece of aluminum. It debuted in October 2008 in 13- and 15-inch screen sizes. In January 2009, the 17-inch model was updated with the same unibody design. Subsequent updates brought upgraded Intel Core i5 and i7 processors and introduced Intel's Thunderbolt technology.",
"chunked_long_answer": "The product's second iteration, known as the \"unibody\" model, has a casing made from a single piece of aluminum. It debuted in October 2008 in 13- and 15-inch screen sizes. In January 2009, the 17-inch model was updated with the same unibody design. Subsequent updates brought upgraded Intel Core i5 and i7 processors and introduced Intel's Thunderbolt technology.",
"short_answers": [
"October 2008"
]
} |
the heart muscle is stimulated to contract by electrical impulses which are generated where | [
"the sinoatrial node"
] | [
{
"title": "Cardiac excitation-contraction coupling",
"text": "body is at rest. This rate can be altered, however, by nerves that work to either increase heart rate (sympathetic nerves) or decrease it (parasympathetic nerves), as the body's oxygen demands change. Ultimately, muscle contraction revolves arou... | {
"title": "Electrical conduction system of the heart",
"long_answer": "The electrical conduction system of the heart transmits signals generated usually by the sinoatrial node to cause contraction of the heart muscle. The pacemaking signal generated in the sinoatrial node travels through the right atrium to the atrioventricular node, along the Bundle of His and through bundle branches to cause contraction of the heart muscle. This signal stimulates contraction first of the right and left atrium, and then the right and left ventricles. This process allows blood to be pumped throughout the body.",
"chunked_long_answer": "The electrical conduction system of the heart transmits signals generated usually by the sinoatrial node to cause contraction of the heart muscle. The pacemaking signal generated in the sinoatrial node travels through the right atrium to the atrioventricular node, along the Bundle of His and through bundle branches to cause contraction of the heart muscle. This signal stimulates contraction first of the right and left atrium, and then the right and left ventricles. This process allows blood to be pumped throughout the body.",
"short_answers": [
"the sinoatrial node"
]
} |
book series about the end of the world | [
"Left Behind"
] | [
{
"title": "The Lake at the End of the World",
"text": "The Lake at the End of the World The Lake at the End of the World is a post-nuclear holocaust young adult novel published in 1988. Its author is Caroline MacDonald. Set in 2025, it tells the story of Hector, a teenage boy who has lived all his life in ... | {
"title": "Left Behind",
"long_answer": "Left Behind is a series of 16 best-selling religious novels by Tim LaHaye and Jerry B. Jenkins, dealing with Christian dispensationalist End Times: the pretribulation, premillennial, Christian eschatological interpretation of the Biblical apocalypse. The primary conflict of the series is the members of the Tribulation Force, an underground network of converts, against an NWO-esque organization, Global Community, and its leader Nicolae Carpathia—the Antichrist. Left Behind is also the title of the first book in the series. The series was first published between 1995–2007 by Tyndale House, a firm with a history of interest in dispensationalism.",
"chunked_long_answer": "Left Behind is a series of 16 best-selling religious novels by Tim LaHaye and Jerry B. Jenkins, dealing with Christian dispensationalist End Times: the pretribulation, premillennial, Christian eschatological interpretation of the Biblical apocalypse. The primary conflict of the series is the members of the Tribulation Force, an underground network of converts, against an NWO-esque organization, Global Community, and its leader Nicolae Carpathia—the Antichrist. Left Behind is also the title of the first book in the series. The series was first published between 1995–2007 by Tyndale House, a firm with a history of interest in dispensationalism.",
"short_answers": [
"Left Behind"
]
} |
how many numbers are in the euromillions draw | [
"7"
] | [
{
"title": "National Lottery (United Kingdom)",
"text": "entry fee to the EuroMillions draw is £2.50 per board. The odds of winning the jackpot are 139,838,160 to 1. On Friday 26 January 2018, the first EuroMillions HotPicks draw took place. It uses the same five main numbers as the EuroMillions draw and of... | {
"title": "EuroMillions",
"long_answer": "EuroMillions is a transnational lottery requiring 7 correct numbers to win the jackpot . It was launched on 7 February 2004 by France's Française des Jeux, Spain's Loterías y Apuestas del Estado and the United Kingdom's Camelot. The first draw was held on Friday 13 February 2004 in Paris. Initially, only the UK, France and Spain participated, with the Austrian, Belgian, Irish, Luxembourgish, Portuguese and Swiss lotteries joining for the 8 October 2004 drawing.",
"chunked_long_answer": "EuroMillions is a transnational lottery requiring 7 correct numbers to win the jackpot . It was launched on 7 February 2004 by France's Française des Jeux, Spain's Loterías y Apuestas del Estado and the United Kingdom's Camelot. The first draw was held on Friday 13 February 2004 in Paris. Initially, only the UK, France and Spain participated, with the Austrian, Belgian, Irish, Luxembourgish, Portuguese and Swiss lotteries joining for the 8 October 2004 drawing.",
"short_answers": [
"7"
]
} |
who sang my bucket got a hole in it | [
"Hank Williams"
] | [
{
"title": "My Bucket's Got a Hole in It",
"text": "is backed by members of the Pleasant Valley Boys - Zeke Turner (lead guitar), Jerry Byrd (steel guitar), and Louis Innis (rhythm guitar) - as well as Tommy Jackson (fiddle) and Ernie Newton (bass). The song is significant for featuring the only guitar solo... | {
"title": "My Bucket's Got a Hole in It",
"long_answer": "\"My Bucket's Got a Hole in It\" is a song widely attributed to Clarence Williams, who obtained a copyright in 1933. The song became popular performed by Hank Williams for MGM and reached #4 on the country chart in 1949.",
"chunked_long_answer": "\"My Bucket's Got a Hole in It\" is a song widely attributed to Clarence Williams, who obtained a copyright in 1933. The song became popular performed by Hank Williams for MGM and reached #4 on the country chart in 1949.",
"short_answers": [
"Hank Williams"
]
} |
who spoke the words ich bin ein berliner | [
"U.S. President John F. Kennedy"
] | [
{
"title": "Ich bin ein Berliner",
"text": "is \"Pfannkuchen\" (literally \"pancake\"). A further part of the misconception is that the audience to his speech laughed at his supposed error. They actually cheered and applauded both times the phrase was used. They laughed and cheered a few seconds after the f... | {
"title": "Ich bin ein Berliner",
"long_answer": "\"Ich bin ein Berliner\" (German pronunciation: [ˈʔɪç ˈbɪn ʔaɪn bɛɐ̯ˈliːnɐ], \"I am a Berliner\") is a quotation from a June 26, 1963, speech by U.S. President John F. Kennedy in West Berlin. It is widely regarded as the best-known speech of the Cold War and the most famous anti-communist speech. Kennedy aimed to underline the support of the United States for West Germany 22 months after Soviet-supported East Germany erected the Berlin Wall to prevent mass emigration to the West. The message was aimed as much at the Soviets as it was at Berliners and was a clear statement of U.S. policy in the wake of the construction of the Berlin Wall. Another phrase in the speech was also spoken in German, \"Lasst sie nach Berlin kommen\" (\"Let them come to Berlin\"), addressed at those who claimed \"we can work with the Communists\", a remark at which Nikita Khrushchev scoffed only days later.",
"chunked_long_answer": "\"Ich bin ein Berliner\" (German pronunciation: [ˈʔɪç ˈbɪn ʔaɪn bɛɐ̯ˈliːnɐ], \"I am a Berliner\") is a quotation from a June 26, 1963, speech by U.S. President John F. Kennedy in West Berlin. It is widely regarded as the best-known speech of the Cold War and the most famous anti-communist speech. Kennedy aimed to underline the support of the United States for West Germany 22 months after Soviet-supported East Germany erected the Berlin Wall to prevent mass emigration to the West. The message was aimed as much at the Soviets as it was at Berliners and was a clear statement of",
"short_answers": [
"U.S. President John F. Kennedy"
]
} |
where is creatine phosphate found in the body | [
"brain",
"pancreas",
"skeletal muscle and the brain",
"muscle cells",
"heart"
] | [
{
"title": "Creatine",
"text": "that the intramuscular stores of creatine can be increased by ingesting creatine in larger than normal amounts, scientists discovered \"creatine phosphate\", and determined that creatine is a key player in the metabolism of skeletal muscle. The substance creatine is naturally... | {
"title": "Phosphocreatine",
"long_answer": "Phosphocreatine, also known as creatine phosphate (CP) or PCr (Pcr), is a phosphorylated creatine molecule that serves as a rapidly mobilizable reserve of high-energy phosphates in skeletal muscle and the brain to recycle adenosine triphosphate, the energy currency of the cell.",
"chunked_long_answer": "Phosphocreatine, also known as creatine phosphate (CP) or PCr (Pcr), is a phosphorylated creatine molecule that serves as a rapidly mobilizable reserve of high-energy phosphates in skeletal muscle and the brain to recycle adenosine triphosphate, the energy currency of the cell.",
"short_answers": [
"skeletal muscle and the brain"
]
} |
who defeated the last remaining roman army in europe | [
"Goths"
] | [
{
"title": "Final War of the Roman Republic",
"text": "the so-called Pax Romana (Roman Peace). The Empire that Augustus established would last in Western Europe until the fall of Rome in the 5th century AD. The Eastern part of the Roman Empire would also survive as the Byzantine Empire until the fall of Con... | {
"title": "Fall of the Western Roman Empire",
"long_answer": "Relevant dates include 117 CE, when the Empire was at its greatest territorial extent, and the accession of Diocletian in 284. Irreversible major territorial loss, however, began in 376 with a large-scale irruption of Goths and others. In 395, after winning two destructive civil wars, Theodosius I died, leaving a collapsing field army and the Empire, still plagued by Goths, divided between his two incapable sons. By 476 when Odoacer deposed the Emperor Romulus, the Western Roman Emperor wielded negligible military, political, or financial power and had no effective control over the scattered Western domains that could still be described as Roman. Invading barbarians had established their own power in most of the area of the Western Empire. While its legitimacy lasted for centuries longer and its cultural influence remains today, the Western Empire never had the strength to rise again.",
"chunked_long_answer": "Relevant dates include 117 CE, when the Empire was at its greatest territorial extent, and the accession of Diocletian in 284. Irreversible major territorial loss, however, began in 376 with a large-scale irruption of Goths and others. In 395, after winning two destructive civil wars, Theodosius I died, leaving a collapsing field army and the Empire, still plagued by Goths, divided between his two incapable sons. By 476 when Odoacer deposed the Emperor Romulus, the Western Roman Emperor wielded negligible military, political, or financial power and had no effective control over the scattered Western domains that could still be described",
"short_answers": [
"Goths"
]
} |
india's first arctic research station set up in 2008 what is the name | [
"Himadri Station"
] | [
{
"title": "Bharati (research station)",
"text": "Bharati (research station) Bharati (Hindi: भारती) is an Antarctic research station commissioned by India. It is India's third Antarctic research facility and one of two active Indian research stations, alongside Maitri. India's first committed research facil... | {
"title": "Himadri Station",
"long_answer": "Himadri Station is India's first Arctic research station located at Spitsbergen, Svalbard, Norway. It is located at the International Arctic Research base, Ny-Ålesund. It was inaugurated on the 1st of July, 2008 by the Minister of Earth Sciences. It was set up during India's second Arctic expedition in June 2008. It is located at a distance of 1,200 kilometres (750 mi) from the North Pole.",
"chunked_long_answer": "Himadri Station is India's first Arctic research station located at Spitsbergen, Svalbard, Norway. It is located at the International Arctic Research base, Ny-Ålesund. It was inaugurated on the 1st of July, 2008 by the Minister of Earth Sciences. It was set up during India's second Arctic expedition in June 2008. It is located at a distance of 1,200 kilometres (750 mi) from the North Pole.",
"short_answers": [
"Himadri Station"
]
} |
when did houston go to the american league | [
"2013"
] | [
{
"title": "Houston Astros",
"text": "both the NL and the AL, when they defeated the New York Yankees in the ALCS. They won the 2017 World Series against the Los Angeles Dodgers, winning four games to three, earning the team, and the state of Texas, its first World Series title. From 1888 until 1961, Housto... | {
"title": "Houston Astros",
"long_answer": "The Houston Astros are an American professional baseball team based in Houston, Texas. The Astros compete in Major League Baseball (MLB) as a member club of the American League (AL) West division, having moved to the division in 2013 after spending their first 51 seasons in the National League (NL). The Astros have played their home games at Minute Maid Park since 2000.",
"chunked_long_answer": "The Houston Astros are an American professional baseball team based in Houston, Texas. The Astros compete in Major League Baseball (MLB) as a member club of the American League (AL) West division, having moved to the division in 2013 after spending their first 51 seasons in the National League (NL). The Astros have played their home games at Minute Maid Park since 2000.",
"short_answers": [
"2013"
]
} |
what kind of plate boundary is nepal on | [
"orogenic belt"
] | [
{
"title": "Geology of Nepal",
"text": "Geology of Nepal The geology of Nepal is dominated by the Himalaya, the highest, youngest and a very highly active mountain range. Himalaya is a type locality for the study of on-going continent-continent collision tectonics. The Himalayan arc extends about 2400 km fr... | {
"title": "Indian Plate",
"long_answer": "The collision with the Eurasian Plate along the boundary between India and Nepal formed the orogenic belt that created the Tibetan Plateau and the Himalaya Mountains, as sediment bunched up like earth before a plow.",
"chunked_long_answer": "The collision with the Eurasian Plate along the boundary between India and Nepal formed the orogenic belt that created the Tibetan Plateau and the Himalaya Mountains, as sediment bunched up like earth before a plow.",
"short_answers": [
"orogenic belt"
]
} |
who painted the world famous painting the last supper | [
"Leonardo da Vinci"
] | [
{
"title": "Gustavus Hesselius",
"text": "American colonies. Commissioned in October 1721, it is displayed on the choir gallery of St. Barnabas Church, Upper Marlboro, Maryland. Before this, most painting in the new world had been portraits. \"The Last Supper\" was the first significant American painting to... | {
"title": "The Last Supper (Leonardo da Vinci)",
"long_answer": "The Last Supper (Italian: Il Cenacolo [il tʃeˈnaːkolo] or L'Ultima Cena [ˈlultima ˈtʃeːna]) is a late 15th-century mural painting by Leonardo da Vinci housed by the refectory of the Convent of Santa Maria delle Grazie in Milan. It is one of the world's most recognizable paintings.",
"chunked_long_answer": "The Last Supper (Italian: Il Cenacolo [il tʃeˈnaːkolo] or L'Ultima Cena [ˈlultima ˈtʃeːna]) is a late 15th-century mural painting by Leonardo da Vinci housed by the refectory of the Convent of Santa Maria delle Grazie in Milan. It is one of the world's most recognizable paintings.",
"short_answers": [
"Leonardo da Vinci"
]
} |
when does wentworth season 6 start in australia | [
"2019",
"19 June 2018"
] | [
{
"title": "Wentworth (season 4)",
"text": "in Australia, and on DVD-only format in the United Kingdom, and for the first time, it had only received a DVD release in Germany. It is not yet available in North America. Wentworth (season 4) The fourth season of the television drama series \"Wentworth\" premier... | {
"title": "Wentworth (TV series)",
"long_answer": "A sixth season was commissioned by Foxtel on 9 May 2017, which will premiere on 19 June 2018. A seventh season was commissioned in April 2018, before the sixth season premiere, with filming commencing the following week and a premiere set for 2019.",
"chunked_long_answer": "A sixth season was commissioned by Foxtel on 9 May 2017, which will premiere on 19 June 2018. A seventh season was commissioned in April 2018, before the sixth season premiere, with filming commencing the following week and a premiere set for 2019.",
"short_answers": [
"19 June 2018",
"2019"
]
} |
what is the name of india pakistan border | [
"International Border",
"IB",
"International Border (IB)",
"India and Pakistan Border",
"The India and Pakistan Border"
] | [
{
"title": "India–Pakistan border",
"text": "poles. The border between the two Nations is an internationally recognised frontier from Gujarat/Sindh only with exemption to the Line of Control that is not internationally accepted. The Kashmir disputed region is divided by the 1949 UN ceasefire line, establish... | {
"title": "India–Pakistan border",
"long_answer": "The India and Pakistan Border, known locally as the International Border (IB), is an international border running between India and Pakistan that demarcates the Indian states and the four provinces of Pakistan. The border runs from the Line of Control (LoC), which separates the Indian controlled Kashmir from Pakistan controlled Kashmir, in the north, to Wagah, which partitioned the Indian Punjab state and Punjab Province of Pakistan, in the east. The Zero Point separates the Indian states of Gujarat and Rajasthan to Sindh province of Pakistan, in the south.",
"chunked_long_answer": "The India and Pakistan Border, known locally as the International Border (IB), is an international border running between India and Pakistan that demarcates the Indian states and the four provinces of Pakistan. The border runs from the Line of Control (LoC), which separates the Indian controlled Kashmir from Pakistan controlled Kashmir, in the north, to Wagah, which partitioned the Indian Punjab state and Punjab Province of Pakistan, in the east. The Zero Point separates the Indian states of Gujarat and Rajasthan to Sindh province of Pakistan, in the south.",
"short_answers": [
"IB",
"India and Pakistan Border",
"International Border",
"International Border (IB)",
"The India and Pakistan Border"
]
} |
atlantic ocean's shape is similar to which english alphabet | [
"S"
] | [
{
"title": "Atlantic Ocean",
"text": "variations, values may vary by . From October to June the surface is usually covered with sea ice in the Labrador Sea, Denmark Strait, and Baltic Sea. The Coriolis effect circulates North Atlantic water in a clockwise direction, whereas South Atlantic water circulates c... | {
"title": "Atlantic Ocean",
"long_answer": "The Atlantic Ocean occupies an elongated, S-shaped basin extending longitudinally between Eurasia and Africa to the east, and the Americas to the west. As one component of the interconnected global ocean, it is connected in the north to the Arctic Ocean, to the Pacific Ocean in the southwest, the Indian Ocean in the southeast, and the Southern Ocean in the south (other definitions describe the Atlantic as extending southward to Antarctica). The Equatorial Counter Current subdivides it into the North Atlantic Ocean and the South Atlantic Ocean at about 8°N.",
"chunked_long_answer": "The Atlantic Ocean occupies an elongated, S-shaped basin extending longitudinally between Eurasia and Africa to the east, and the Americas to the west. As one component of the interconnected global ocean, it is connected in the north to the Arctic Ocean, to the Pacific Ocean in the southwest, the Indian Ocean in the southeast, and the Southern Ocean in the south (other definitions describe the Atlantic as extending southward to Antarctica). The Equatorial Counter Current subdivides it into the North Atlantic Ocean and the South Atlantic Ocean at about 8°N.",
"short_answers": [
"S"
]
} |
who is credited with creating the gothic art movement | [
"Abbot Suger"
] | [
{
"title": "Gothic art",
"text": "Gothic art Gothic art was a style of medieval art that developed in Northern France out of Romanesque art in the 12th century AD, led by the concurrent development of Gothic architecture. It spread to all of Western Europe, and much of Southern and Central Europe, never qui... | {
"title": "Gothic art",
"long_answer": "Gothic art emerged in Île-de-France, France, in the early 12th century at the Abbey Church of St Denis built by Abbot Suger. The style rapidly spread beyond its origins in architecture to sculpture, both monumental and personal in size, textile art, and painting, which took a variety of forms, including fresco, stained glass, the illuminated manuscript, and panel painting. Monastic orders, especially the Cistercians and the Carthusians, were important builders who disseminated the style and developed distinctive variants of it across Europe. Regional variations of architecture remained important, even when, by the late 14th century, a coherent universal style known as International Gothic had evolved, which continued until the late 15th century, and beyond in many areas.",
"chunked_long_answer": "Gothic art emerged in Île-de-France, France, in the early 12th century at the Abbey Church of St Denis built by Abbot Suger. The style rapidly spread beyond its origins in architecture to sculpture, both monumental and personal in size, textile art, and painting, which took a variety of forms, including fresco, stained glass, the illuminated manuscript, and panel painting. Monastic orders, especially the Cistercians and the Carthusians, were important builders who disseminated the style and developed distinctive variants of it across Europe. Regional variations of architecture remained important, even when, by the late 14th century, a coherent universal style known",
"short_answers": [
"Abbot Suger"
]
} |
what is the central idea of the poem the rime of ancient mariner | [
"a violation of nature"
] | [
{
"title": "The Rime of the Ancient Mariner",
"text": "The Rime of the Ancient Mariner The Rime of the Ancient Mariner (originally The Rime of the Ancyent Marinere) is the longest major poem by the English poet Samuel Taylor Coleridge, written in 1797–98 and published in 1798 in the first edition of \"Lyric... | {
"title": "The Rime of the Ancient Mariner",
"long_answer": "On a surface level the poem explores a violation of nature and the resulting psychological effects on the mariner and on all those who hear him. According to Jerome McGann the poem is like a salvation story. The poem's structure is multi-layered text based on Coleridge's interest in Higher Criticism. \"Like the Iliad or Paradise Lost or any great historical product, the Rime is a work of transhistorical rather than so-called universal significance. This verbal distinction is important because it calls attention to a real one. Like The Divine Comedy or any other poem, the Rime is not valued or used always or everywhere or by everyone in the same way or for the same reasons.\"",
"chunked_long_answer": "On a surface level the poem explores a violation of nature and the resulting psychological effects on the mariner and on all those who hear him. According to Jerome McGann the poem is like a salvation story. The poem's structure is multi-layered text based on Coleridge's interest in Higher Criticism. \"Like the Iliad or Paradise Lost or any great historical product, the Rime is a work of transhistorical rather than so-called universal significance. This verbal distinction is important because it calls attention to a real one. Like The Divine Comedy or any other poem, the Rime is not valued or",
"short_answers": [
"a violation of nature"
]
} |
what is the name given to the common currency to the european union | [
"euro",
"The euro"
] | [
{
"title": "Currency union",
"text": "such as some of the EU member state special territories, are sometimes treated as separate customs territory from their mainland state or have varying arrangements of formal or de facto customs union, common market and currency union (or combinations thereof) with the m... | {
"title": "Currencies of the European Union",
"long_answer": "There are eleven currencies of the European Union as of 2015 used officially by member states. The euro accounts for the majority of the member states with the remainder operating independent monetary policies. Those European Union states that have adopted it are known as the eurozone and share the European Central Bank (ECB). The ECB and the national central banks of all EU countries, including those who operate an independent currency, are part of the European System of Central Banks.",
"chunked_long_answer": "There are eleven currencies of the European Union as of 2015 used officially by member states. The euro accounts for the majority of the member states with the remainder operating independent monetary policies. Those European Union states that have adopted it are known as the eurozone and share the European Central Bank (ECB). The ECB and the national central banks of all EU countries, including those who operate an independent currency, are part of the European System of Central Banks.",
"short_answers": [
"The euro",
"euro"
]
} |
what type of reproduction do whiptail lizards use | [
"parthenogenesis",
"Parthenogenesis",
"parthenogenic"
] | [
{
"title": "Parthenogenesis",
"text": "can lead to parthenogenetic reproduction is unknown. Recently, a hybrid parthenogenetic whiptail lizard was bred in the laboratory from a cross between an asexual and a sexual whiptail. Because multiple hybridization events can occur, individual parthenogenetic whiptai... | {
"title": "New Mexico whiptail",
"long_answer": "The hybridization of these species prevents healthy males from forming, whereas males exist in both parent species (see Sexual differentiation). Parthenogenesis allows the resulting all-female population to reproduce and thus evolve into a unique species capable of reproduction. This combination of interspecific hybridization and parthenogenesis exists as a reproductive strategy in several species of whiptail lizard within the Cnemidophorus genus to which the New Mexico whiptail belongs.",
"chunked_long_answer": "The hybridization of these species prevents healthy males from forming, whereas males exist in both parent species (see Sexual differentiation). Parthenogenesis allows the resulting all-female population to reproduce and thus evolve into a unique species capable of reproduction. This combination of interspecific hybridization and parthenogenesis exists as a reproductive strategy in several species of whiptail lizard within the Cnemidophorus genus to which the New Mexico whiptail belongs.",
"short_answers": [
"Parthenogenesis"
]
} |
who created the borders of africa's countries | [
"European imperial powers"
] | [
{
"title": "Geography of Africa",
"text": "border of one of the poorest countries in the world -Malawi. There are also numerous water dams throughout the continent: Kariba on the river of Zambezi, Asuan in Egypt on the river of Nile and the biggest dam of the continent lying completely in The republic of Gh... | {
"title": "Africa",
"long_answer": "In the late 19th century, the European imperial powers engaged in a major territorial scramble and occupied most of the continent, creating many colonial territories, and leaving only two fully independent states: Ethiopia (known to Europeans as \"Abyssinia\"), and Liberia. Egypt and Sudan were never formally incorporated into any European colonial empire; however, after the British occupation of 1882, Egypt was effectively under British administration until 1922.",
"chunked_long_answer": "In the late 19th century, the European imperial powers engaged in a major territorial scramble and occupied most of the continent, creating many colonial territories, and leaving only two fully independent states: Ethiopia (known to Europeans as \"Abyssinia\"), and Liberia. Egypt and Sudan were never formally incorporated into any European colonial empire; however, after the British occupation of 1882, Egypt was effectively under British administration until 1922.",
"short_answers": [
"European imperial powers"
]
} |
when was the peak to peak gondola built | [
"in 2007 and 2008"
] | [
{
"title": "Peak 2 Peak Gondola",
"text": "Peak 2 Peak Gondola The Peak 2 Peak Gondola is a tri-cable gondola lift located in Whistler, British Columbia that links Whistler Mountain's Roundhouse Lodge with Blackcomb Mountain's Rendezvous Lodge. It is the first lift to join the two side-by-side mountains. It... | {
"title": "Peak 2 Peak Gondola",
"long_answer": "The Peak 2 Peak Gondola is a tri-cable gondola lift located in Whistler, British Columbia that links Whistler Mountain's Roundhouse Lodge with Blackcomb Mountain's Rendezvous Lodge. It is the first lift to join the two side-by-side mountains. It held the world record for the longest free span between ropeway towers—3.03 kilometres (1.88 miles) until 2017 when the Eibsee Cable Car exceeded it by 189m. It is still the highest point above the ground—436 metres (1,430 feet.) (A temporary aerial tramway in Switzerland used between 1979 and 1986 had larger span.) The Peak 2 Peak Gondola was built by the Doppelmayr Garaventa Group in 2007 and 2008 at a cost of CDN$51 million. The Peak 2 Peak Gondola is the first Doppelmayr \"3S\" tri-cable lift in North America; there are four similar but smaller lifts in Europe which were built in 1991, 1994, 2002, 2004 and 2010 in Switzerland, Austria, France and Germany. Whistler-Blackcomb has touted the gondola as an iconic attraction and uses it to transport skiers in the winter months as well as sightseers year round.",
"chunked_long_answer": "until 2017 when the Eibsee Cable Car exceeded it by 189m. It is still the highest point above the ground—436 metres (1,430 feet.) (A temporary aerial tramway in Switzerland used between 1979 and 1986 had larger span.) The Peak 2 Peak Gondola was built by the Doppelmayr Garaventa Group in 2007 and 2008 at a cost of CDN$51 million. The Peak 2 Peak Gondola is the first Doppelmayr \"3S\" tri-cable lift in North America; there are four similar but smaller lifts in Europe which were built in 1991, 1994, 2002, 2004 and 2010 in Switzerland, Austria, France and Germany. Whistler-Blackcomb",
"short_answers": [
"in 2007 and 2008"
]
} |
who has won the most united states championships | [
"Lex Luger",
"Ric Flair"
] | [
{
"title": "United States at the World Championships in Athletics",
"text": "has eleven medals, Carl Lewis won ten and Michael Johnson won eight. All three won eight gold medals. Johnson is the nation's most successful athlete individually (and the third most successful overall), having won six gold medals ... | {
"title": "List of WWE United States Champions",
"long_answer": "Overall, there have been 91 different champions. Ric Flair holds the record for having the most reigns at six, while John Cena holds the record for most reigns under the WWE banner at five. Lex Luger holds the record for the longest reign, with his third reign lasting a total of 523 days, while Dean Ambrose holds the longest reign under the WWE banner, at 351 days (overall the third longest in the title's history). Only two men, Lex Luger and Rick Rude, have held the championship for a continuous reign of one year (365 days) or more.",
"chunked_long_answer": "Overall, there have been 91 different champions. Ric Flair holds the record for having the most reigns at six, while John Cena holds the record for most reigns under the WWE banner at five. Lex Luger holds the record for the longest reign, with his third reign lasting a total of 523 days, while Dean Ambrose holds the longest reign under the WWE banner, at 351 days (overall the third longest in the title's history). Only two men, Lex Luger and Rick Rude, have held the championship for a continuous reign of one year (365 days) or more.",
"short_answers": [
"Ric Flair"
]
} |
who played harley in harley davidson and the marlboro man | [
"Mickey Rourke"
] | [
{
"title": "Mickey Rourke",
"text": "film, which gained him a nomination for a Razzie award (also for \"Desperate Hours\"). In 1991 he starred in the box office bomb \"Harley Davidson and the Marlboro Man\" as Harley Davidson, a biker whose best friend, Marlboro, was played by Don Johnson. In his last role ... | {
"title": "Harley Davidson and the Marlboro Man",
"long_answer": "The film is set in Los Angeles in the then-future of 1996. Harley Davidson (Mickey Rourke), dressed in biker gear, with ultra-short dyed hair, hears from the radio about a dangerous new street drug named \"Crystal Dream\". (The significance of this street drug does not become clear until later.) Harley goes into a rough bar and sees a cowboy-looking fellow (Don Johnson wearing a beard, cowboy hat and boots). He has scammed a fellow in a pool game but has to use strong measures when the fellow refuses payment. Harley helps him in this. We learn that they are old friends (later we learn the name he goes by is The Marlboro Man.) They visit a blues (old jazz?) bar in Burbank, which they both hold special. They go into a back room and meet Jack Daniels, an extremely-heavily-muscled lad, who immediately goes to fight Harley due to an old feud over a woman. After a manly exchange of blows and body slams, Harley tells him that he knows that the woman loves Jack and they make friends. Soon it is revealed that the bar is about to be demolished as the lease will not be renewed. \"Suits\" at Great Trust bank plan to replace it with a skyscraper. Harley, Marlboro, Jack and two friends decide to rob a bank to raise the money to ensure the bar's survival. A comely waitress hooks up with Harley. Marlboro borrows Harley's Harley and baits a motorcycle cop, with interesting results. In a bit of psychological revelation, we learn that he is in an intermittent amorous relationship with a beautiful woman, who tells him that she is going to settle down with another man, as she is not getting enough loving from him. He is conflicted by the news but later tells Harley that he is not the kind of man who has a wife. Harley arrives and takes her out for breakfast. An armored car is going down a street and meets a detour sign. Marlboro jumps on its back door and climbs to its roof (a visual parallel of train robbers crawling on the roofs of boxcars in old western movies). The contents of the armored car is heisted in a well-thought-out scheme, but the escape of Harley/Marlboro's gang is almost foiled by the appearance of a squad of black-trenchcoat-wearing (a la Matrix) machinepistol-firing soldiers. Jack drives a fiery motorcycle into the fray and allows them to escape. But they discover the goods they have stolen are a large amount of \"Crystal Dream\", not money. Chance Wilder (Tom Sizemore), president of the Great Trust branch, is obviously involved in drug dealing. Harley and Marlboro go to the bank. Showing considerable balls, Harley negotiates an exchange - the drugs for $2.5M. The exchange goes down smoothly in a visually-fascinating airplane graveyard, but then the bank's squad of soldiers finds them celebrating at the bar and it is not pretty, although Harley and Marlboro manage to escape with the money. In a running battle, Harley and Marlboro alternately flee and face off with steadily-declining elements of the squad until a final showdown in the penthouse suite of the Great Trust bank. The closing scene: Marlboro has gone back to rodeo bull-riding and Harley on his bike takes to the road, stopping only temporarily to pick up a ravishing and shapely hitchhiker who tells him she is going \"no place special\", a destination that Harley promises to take her. Much of the film was filmed in and around Tucson, Arizona and the \"Boneyard\" at Davis-Monthan Air Force Base.",
"chunked_long_answer": "The film is set in Los Angeles in the then-future of 1996. Harley Davidson (Mickey Rourke), dressed in biker gear, with ultra-short dyed hair, hears from the radio about a dangerous new street drug named \"Crystal Dream\". (The significance of this street drug does not become clear until later.) Harley goes into a rough bar and sees a cowboy-looking fellow (Don Johnson wearing a beard, cowboy hat and boots). He has scammed a fellow in a pool game but has to use strong measures when the fellow refuses payment. Harley helps him in this. We learn that they are old",
"short_answers": [
"Mickey Rourke"
]
} |
what is upstream project in oil and gas | [
"drilling exploratory wells"
] | [
{
"title": "Upstream (petroleum industry)",
"text": "company that specializes in the sale and distribution of equipment to the oil and gas industry. Many major security companies take part in securing the industry. Any other oil and gas related business not defined above. ISO 20815 defines \"Upstream\" in i... | {
"title": "Upstream (petroleum industry)",
"long_answer": "The oil and gas industry is usually divided into three major sectors: upstream (or exploration and production- E&P), midstream and downstream. The upstream sector includes searching for potential underground or underwater crude oil and natural gas fields, drilling exploratory wells, and subsequently drilling and operating the wells that recover and bring the crude oil or raw natural gas to the surface. There has been a significant shift toward including unconventional gas as a part of the upstream sector, and corresponding developments in liquefied natural gas (LNG) processing and transport.",
"chunked_long_answer": "The oil and gas industry is usually divided into three major sectors: upstream (or exploration and production- E&P), midstream and downstream. The upstream sector includes searching for potential underground or underwater crude oil and natural gas fields, drilling exploratory wells, and subsequently drilling and operating the wells that recover and bring the crude oil or raw natural gas to the surface. There has been a significant shift toward including unconventional gas as a part of the upstream sector, and corresponding developments in liquefied natural gas (LNG) processing and transport.",
"short_answers": [
"drilling exploratory wells"
]
} |
what is the name for the ch3coo- ion | [
"polyatomic anion"
] | [
{
"title": "CH3O",
"text": "group is bonded to a negatively charged oxygen atom in an alkoxide. CH3O The molecular formula CHO may refer to: The chemical name for CH3O is methoxide. It is a base formed from methanol by replacement of the hydroxyl hydrogen with a metal. A strong base and a good nucleophile. ... | {
"title": "Acetate",
"long_answer": "An acetate /ˈæsɪteɪt/ is a salt formed by the combination of acetic acid with an alkaline, earthy, or metallic base. \"Acetate\" also describes the conjugate base or ion (specifically, the negatively charged ion called an anion) typically found in aqueous solution and written with the chemical formula C2H3O2. The neutral molecules formed by the combination of the acetate ion and a positive ion (called a cation) are also commonly called \"acetates\" (hence, acetate of lead, acetate of aluminum, etc.). The simplest of these is hydrogen acetate (called acetic acid) with corresponding salts, esters, and the polyatomic anion CH3CO2, or CH3COO.",
"chunked_long_answer": "An acetate /ˈæsɪteɪt/ is a salt formed by the combination of acetic acid with an alkaline, earthy, or metallic base. \"Acetate\" also describes the conjugate base or ion (specifically, the negatively charged ion called an anion) typically found in aqueous solution and written with the chemical formula C2H3O2. The neutral molecules formed by the combination of the acetate ion and a positive ion (called a cation) are also commonly called \"acetates\" (hence, acetate of lead, acetate of aluminum, etc.). The simplest of these is hydrogen acetate (called acetic acid) with corresponding salts, esters, and the polyatomic anion CH3CO2, or CH3COO.",
"short_answers": [
"polyatomic anion"
]
} |
what is the written dialogue portion of a musical called | [
"script",
"libretto"
] | [
{
"title": "Musical theatre",
"text": "musically related. Spoken dialogue is generally interspersed between musical numbers, although \"sung dialogue\" or recitative may be used, especially in so-called \"sung-through\" musicals such as \"Jesus Christ Superstar\", \"Les Misérables\", \"Evita\" and \"Hamilto... | {
"title": "Rent (musical)",
"long_answer": "Lynn Thomson was a dramaturg who was hired by New York Theatre Workshop to help rework Rent. She claimed that between early May and the end of October 1995, she and Larson co-wrote a \"new version\" of the musical. She sued the Larson estate for $40 million USD and sought 16% of the show's royalties, claiming she had written a significant portion of the lyrics and the libretto of the \"new version\" of Rent.",
"chunked_long_answer": "Lynn Thomson was a dramaturg who was hired by New York Theatre Workshop to help rework Rent. She claimed that between early May and the end of October 1995, she and Larson co-wrote a \"new version\" of the musical. She sued the Larson estate for $40 million USD and sought 16% of the show's royalties, claiming she had written a significant portion of the lyrics and the libretto of the \"new version\" of Rent.",
"short_answers": [
"libretto"
]
} |
when was the titanic started to be built | [
"31 March 1909"
] | [
{
"title": "Joseph Bell (engineer)",
"text": "while the then fifteen-years-old Frank was studying at the \"Grosvenor College\" in Carlisle and later an apprenticeship at the Harland and Wolff shipyards. After serving on the Olympic, in 1912 he transferred to the Titanic, where he was given the post of chief... | {
"title": "RMS Titanic",
"long_answer": "The construction of Olympic and Titanic took place virtually in parallel, with Olympic's keel laid down first on 16 December 1908 and Titanic's on 31 March 1909. Both ships took about 26 months to build and followed much the same construction process. They were designed essentially as an enormous floating box girder, with the keel acting as a backbone and the frames of the hull forming the ribs. At the base of the ships, a double bottom 5 feet 3 inches (1.60 m) deep supported 300 frames, each between 24 inches (61 cm) and 36 inches (91 cm) apart and measuring up to about 66 feet (20 m) long. They terminated at the bridge deck (B Deck) and were covered with steel plates which formed the outer skin of the ships.",
"chunked_long_answer": "The construction of Olympic and Titanic took place virtually in parallel, with Olympic's keel laid down first on 16 December 1908 and Titanic's on 31 March 1909. Both ships took about 26 months to build and followed much the same construction process. They were designed essentially as an enormous floating box girder, with the keel acting as a backbone and the frames of the hull forming the ribs. At the base of the ships, a double bottom 5 feet 3 inches (1.60 m) deep supported 300 frames, each between 24 inches (61 cm) and 36 inches (91 cm) apart and",
"short_answers": [
"31 March 1909"
]
} |
who is darrell brother in the walking dead | [
"Merle Dixon"
] | [
{
"title": "Shane Walsh (The Walking Dead)",
"text": "barn doors himself, allowing the walkers loose against Rick's and Hershel's pleas. The group kills the walkers, including the reanimated body of Sophia. After this, Hershel goes missing and Rick sets out to search for him. Lori becomes concerned when Ric... | {
"title": "Merle Dixon",
"long_answer": "Merle Dixon is a fictional character from the horror drama television series The Walking Dead, which airs on AMC in the United States. He was created by series developer Frank Darabont and portrayed by Michael Rooker. The character was first introduced in the first season as a Southern redneck hunter who has a younger brother, Daryl. He is misogynistic and racist, which causes tensions between him and his group of survivors. Following an encounter with series protagonist Rick Grimes, Merle disappears and joins the community of Woodbury, Georgia, where he becomes the right-hand man of The Governor. He becomes caught in the conflict between the Governor and Rick, especially when nobody in Rick's group wants him in the group, except for Daryl.",
"chunked_long_answer": "Merle Dixon is a fictional character from the horror drama television series The Walking Dead, which airs on AMC in the United States. He was created by series developer Frank Darabont and portrayed by Michael Rooker. The character was first introduced in the first season as a Southern redneck hunter who has a younger brother, Daryl. He is misogynistic and racist, which causes tensions between him and his group of survivors. Following an encounter with series protagonist Rick Grimes, Merle disappears and joins the community of Woodbury, Georgia, where he becomes the right-hand man of The Governor. He becomes caught",
"short_answers": [
"Merle Dixon"
]
} |
number 4 in roman numerals on clock faces | [
"IV"
] | [
{
"title": "Royal Liver Building",
"text": "Leicester. The clock faces are in diameter, larger than those of London's famous landmark, the Great Westminster Clock, holding the distinction of being the largest electronically driven clocks in the UK. The four clock faces have no numerals, only facets indicati... | {
"title": "Roman numerals",
"long_answer": "The numerals for 4 (IIII) and 9 (VIIII) proved problematic (among other things, they are easily confused with III and VIII), and are generally replaced with IV (one less than 5) and IX (one less than 10). This feature of Roman numerals is called subtractive notation.",
"chunked_long_answer": "The numerals for 4 (IIII) and 9 (VIIII) proved problematic (among other things, they are easily confused with III and VIII), and are generally replaced with IV (one less than 5) and IX (one less than 10). This feature of Roman numerals is called subtractive notation.",
"short_answers": [
"IV"
]
} |
the general term for software that is designed to damage disable or steal data is | [
"Malware"
] | [
{
"title": "Software cracking",
"text": "Software cracking Software cracking (known as \"breaking\" in the 1980s) is the modification of software to remove or disable features which are considered undesirable by the person cracking the software, especially copy protection features (including protection agai... | {
"title": "Malware",
"long_answer": "Malware, short for malicious software, is an umbrella term used to refer to a variety of forms of harmful or intrusive software, including computer viruses, worms, Trojan horses, ransomware, spyware, adware, scareware, and other malicious programs. It can take the form of executable code, scripts, active content, and other software. Malware is defined by its malicious intent, acting against the requirements of the computer user — and so does not include software that causes unintentional harm due to some deficiency.",
"chunked_long_answer": "Malware, short for malicious software, is an umbrella term used to refer to a variety of forms of harmful or intrusive software, including computer viruses, worms, Trojan horses, ransomware, spyware, adware, scareware, and other malicious programs. It can take the form of executable code, scripts, active content, and other software. Malware is defined by its malicious intent, acting against the requirements of the computer user — and so does not include software that causes unintentional harm due to some deficiency.",
"short_answers": [
"Malware"
]
} |
who did america declare war on in ww1 | [
"Austria-Hungary"
] | [
{
"title": "German declaration of war against the United States",
"text": "in a state of war with the United States of America. Accept, Mr. Charge d'Affaires, the expression of my high consideration. December 11, 1941. RIBBENTROP. Notes Bibliography German declaration of war against the United States On 11 ... | {
"title": "American entry into World War I",
"long_answer": "On December 7, 1917, the U.S. declared war on Austria-Hungary.",
"chunked_long_answer": "On December 7, 1917, the U.S. declared war on Austria-Hungary.",
"short_answers": [
"Austria-Hungary"
]
} |
tools made from high-speed tool steel are generally used for what type of machining operations | [
"milling"
] | [
{
"title": "High-speed steel",
"text": "High-speed steel High-speed steel (HSS or HS) is a subset of tool steels, commonly used as cutting tool material. It is often used in power-saw blades and drill bits. It is superior to the older high-carbon steel tools used extensively through the 1940s in that it can... | {
"title": "Milling (machining)",
"long_answer": "The milling process removes material by performing many separate, small cuts. This is accomplished by using a cutter with many teeth, spinning the cutter at high speed, or advancing the material through the cutter slowly; most often it is some combination of these three approaches. The speeds and feeds used are varied to suit a combination of variables. The speed at which the piece advances through the cutter is called feed rate, or just feed; it is most often measured in length of material per full revolution of the cutter.",
"chunked_long_answer": "The milling process removes material by performing many separate, small cuts. This is accomplished by using a cutter with many teeth, spinning the cutter at high speed, or advancing the material through the cutter slowly; most often it is some combination of these three approaches. The speeds and feeds used are varied to suit a combination of variables. The speed at which the piece advances through the cutter is called feed rate, or just feed; it is most often measured in length of material per full revolution of the cutter.",
"short_answers": [
"milling"
]
} |
who played kelly taylor's mom on 90210 | [
"Ann Gillespie"
] | [
{
"title": "Jennie Garth",
"text": "the Stars\": season five and was paired with Derek Hough. They reached the semi-finals in the competition. In September 2008, Garth returned to the role of Kelly Taylor on the series premiere of The CW's spin-off series \"90210\". In the new series, Garth's character, Kel... | {
"title": "Kelly Taylor (90210)",
"long_answer": "Kelly's tenuous relationship with her mother Jackie (Ann Gillespie) continued in the series' first season, with tension arising due to Jackie's drunken negligence of Erin, a recurring character in the original series and a regular in the spin-off. She also resumed her friendship with Brenda Walsh. However, their relationship was briefly strained by Kelly's and possibly Brenda's lingering feelings for former boyfriend Dylan McKay, as well as Brenda sleeping with Kelly's ex-boyfriend, Ryan Matthews, a teacher at West Beverly. Following Brenda's discovery that she could not have children, she and Kelly made amends once again.",
"chunked_long_answer": "Kelly's tenuous relationship with her mother Jackie (Ann Gillespie) continued in the series' first season, with tension arising due to Jackie's drunken negligence of Erin, a recurring character in the original series and a regular in the spin-off. She also resumed her friendship with Brenda Walsh. However, their relationship was briefly strained by Kelly's and possibly Brenda's lingering feelings for former boyfriend Dylan McKay, as well as Brenda sleeping with Kelly's ex-boyfriend, Ryan Matthews, a teacher at West Beverly. Following Brenda's discovery that she could not have children, she and Kelly made amends once again.",
"short_answers": [
"Ann Gillespie"
]
} |
who does the voice of alistair in dragon age | [
"Steve Valentine"
] | [
{
"title": "Alistair (Dragon Age)",
"text": "However, Gaider said that he wouldn't want to have another Alistair-like romance in the interest of originality. Alistair was originally written to be a \"grizzled Grey Warden veteran\", as per \"Dragon Age\"s original lead designer James Ohlen. However, such a c... | {
"title": "Alistair (Dragon Age)",
"long_answer": "Alistair was mainly written by David Gaider—the lead writer of Origins—and is voiced by Steve Valentine. Alistair is a relatively new Grey Warden, who are a group devoted to fighting darkspawn. He's believed to be the secret son of King Maric and a serving girl, and was originally raised in Redcliffe Castle by Arl Eamon after his mother's death. However, he was later given to the Chantry for training as a templar, a military order who are trained to kill \"apostates\" (mages outside of the Circle of Magi) and watch over the Circle of Magi. Alistair is described as having a \"wry sense of humor\", and makes many sarcastic remarks during the game.",
"chunked_long_answer": "Alistair was mainly written by David Gaider—the lead writer of Origins—and is voiced by Steve Valentine. Alistair is a relatively new Grey Warden, who are a group devoted to fighting darkspawn. He's believed to be the secret son of King Maric and a serving girl, and was originally raised in Redcliffe Castle by Arl Eamon after his mother's death. However, he was later given to the Chantry for training as a templar, a military order who are trained to kill \"apostates\" (mages outside of the Circle of Magi) and watch over the Circle of Magi. Alistair is described as having",
"short_answers": [
"Steve Valentine"
]
} |
what nfl coach has the most wins ever | [
"Shula, Don",
"Don Shula"
] | [
{
"title": "Tom Landry",
"text": "with his 20 consecutive winning seasons, which is considered to be his most impressive professional accomplishment. In addition to his record 20 consecutive winning seasons from 1966 to 1985, Landry won two Super Bowl titles in VI and XII, five NFC titles, and 13 Divisional... | {
"title": "List of National Football League head coaches with 50 wins",
"long_answer": "At the time of the 1970 NFL–AFL merger, George Halas, head coach, founder and owner of the Chicago Bears, held the record for most wins as a head coach. He retired from coaching after the 1967 season with 324 wins, including six playoff wins. Twenty-eight years later, Halas was surpassed by Don Shula. Shula retired at the end of the 1995 season, after amassing 328 regular season wins and 19 playoff wins.",
"chunked_long_answer": "At the time of the 1970 NFL–AFL merger, George Halas, head coach, founder and owner of the Chicago Bears, held the record for most wins as a head coach. He retired from coaching after the 1967 season with 324 wins, including six playoff wins. Twenty-eight years later, Halas was surpassed by Don Shula. Shula retired at the end of the 1995 season, after amassing 328 regular season wins and 19 playoff wins.",
"short_answers": [
"Don Shula"
]
} |
when did all night long come out lionel richie | [
"1983",
"August 31, 1983"
] | [
{
"title": "All Night Long (All Night)",
"text": "UK Singles Chart for three weeks. The song lyrics were written primarily in English, but Richie has admitted in at least one press interview that \"African\" lyrics in the song, such as \"Tom bo li de say de moi ya,\" and \"Jambo jumbo,\" were in fact made-u... | {
"title": "All Night Long (All Night)",
"long_answer": "\"All Night Long (All Night)\" is a hit single by American singer-songwriter Lionel Richie from 1983. Taken from his second solo album, Can't Slow Down, it combined Richie's soulful Commodores style with Caribbean influences. This new, more dance music, pop-inspired approach proved popular, as the single reached number one on three Billboard charts (pop, R&B and adult contemporary). Richard Marx contributed backing vocals as an unknown until his 1986 debut album appeared.",
"chunked_long_answer": "\"All Night Long (All Night)\" is a hit single by American singer-songwriter Lionel Richie from 1983. Taken from his second solo album, Can't Slow Down, it combined Richie's soulful Commodores style with Caribbean influences. This new, more dance music, pop-inspired approach proved popular, as the single reached number one on three Billboard charts (pop, R&B and adult contemporary). Richard Marx contributed backing vocals as an unknown until his 1986 debut album appeared.",
"short_answers": [
"1983"
]
} |
who played major hochstetter in hogan's heroes | [
"Howard Caine"
] | [
{
"title": "Howard Caine",
"text": "sitcom \"Hogan's Heroes\" (1965-1971). Prior to that he appeared on that show in two other roles, in the season one episode \"Happy Birthday, Adolf\" and the season two episode \"The Battle of Stalag 13\". The Major Hochstetter character first appeared later in season two... | {
"title": "Howard Caine",
"long_answer": "Howard Caine (born Howard Cohen; January 2, 1926 – December 28, 1993) was an American character actor, probably best known as Gestapo Major, Wolfgang Hochstetter in the television series Hogan's Heroes (1965–71). He also played Lewis Morris of New York in the musical film 1776, and Everett Scovill, a thinly disguised portrait of Charles Manson's attorney Irving Kanarek, in the television movie, Helter Skelter.",
"chunked_long_answer": "Howard Caine (born Howard Cohen; January 2, 1926 – December 28, 1993) was an American character actor, probably best known as Gestapo Major, Wolfgang Hochstetter in the television series Hogan's Heroes (1965–71). He also played Lewis Morris of New York in the musical film 1776, and Everett Scovill, a thinly disguised portrait of Charles Manson's attorney Irving Kanarek, in the television movie, Helter Skelter.",
"short_answers": [
"Howard Caine"
]
} |
who is the song diamonds and rust about | [
"Bob Dylan"
] | [
{
"title": "Diamonds & Rust (song)",
"text": "a 1975 conversation between herself and Dylan, discussing songs to include in the then-upcoming Rolling Thunder Revue concerts: \"You gonna sing that song about robin's eggs and diamonds?\" Bob had asked me on the first day of rehearsals. \"Which one?\" \"You kn... | {
"title": "Diamonds & Rust (song)",
"long_answer": "In the song, Baez recounts an out-of-the-blue phone call from an old lover, which sends her a decade back in time, to a \"crummy\" hotel in Greenwich Village circa 1964 or 1965; she recalls giving him a pair of cuff-links, and summarizes that memories bring \"diamonds and rust\". Baez has stated that the lyrics refer to her relationship with Bob Dylan.",
"chunked_long_answer": "In the song, Baez recounts an out-of-the-blue phone call from an old lover, which sends her a decade back in time, to a \"crummy\" hotel in Greenwich Village circa 1964 or 1965; she recalls giving him a pair of cuff-links, and summarizes that memories bring \"diamonds and rust\". Baez has stated that the lyrics refer to her relationship with Bob Dylan.",
"short_answers": [
"Bob Dylan"
]
} |
who played the oldest brother in 7th heaven | [
"Barry Watson"
] | [
{
"title": "George Stults",
"text": "he then entered into the world of acting. At the time, Stults seriously considered joining the U.S. Navy. George auditioned for a role on \"7th Heaven\" where his brother Geoff already had a recurring role as Mary Camden's love interest Ben Kinkirk. Originally auditionin... | {
"title": "List of 7th Heaven characters",
"long_answer": "Matthew \"Matt\" Camden (played by Barry Watson) (born 1980) is Annie and Eric's firstborn. In the beginning of the series, Matt is a junior in high school. Matt sacrifices his school time to help others; if they wished to remain anonymous, he would respect that and not even tell his father. During high school, he bounces from job to job, including tutor and Dairy Shack delivery driver. He is not always a star student, but he manages to graduate at the top of his class and get accepted for a White House internship in Washington, D.C. with First Lady Hillary Clinton. He returns to Glenoak for college, rooming with friend and fellow \"P.K.\" John Hamilton. Matt's new uncle, Dr. Hank Hastings (who had actually delivered him), helps him get a job in the hospital cafeteria; during his time there, he decides to become a doctor. He ends up working at a women's clinic with Hank, beginning by helping save the life of a woman who could not get anyone but Matt to take her symptoms of an ectopic pregnancy seriously.",
"chunked_long_answer": "Matthew \"Matt\" Camden (played by Barry Watson) (born 1980) is Annie and Eric's firstborn. In the beginning of the series, Matt is a junior in high school. Matt sacrifices his school time to help others; if they wished to remain anonymous, he would respect that and not even tell his father. During high school, he bounces from job to job, including tutor and Dairy Shack delivery driver. He is not always a star student, but he manages to graduate at the top of his class and get accepted for a White House internship in Washington, D.C. with First Lady Hillary",
"short_answers": [
"Barry Watson"
]
} |
bacterial cell walls are made rigid by the presence of | [
"Peptidoglycan"
] | [
{
"title": "Cell wall",
"text": "As John Howland explains The apparent rigidity of the cell wall thus results from inflation of the cell contained within. This inflation is a result of the passive uptake of water. In plants, a secondary cell wall is a thicker additional layer of cellulose which increases wa... | {
"title": "Peptidoglycan",
"long_answer": "Peptidoglycan, also known as murein, is a polymer consisting of sugars and amino acids that forms a mesh-like layer outside the plasma membrane of most bacteria, forming the cell wall. The sugar component consists of alternating residues of β-(1,4) linked N-acetylglucosamine (NAG) and N-acetylmuramic acid (NAM) . Attached to the N-acetylmuramic acid is a peptide chain of three to five amino acids. The peptide chain can be cross-linked to the peptide chain of another strand forming the 3D mesh-like layer. Peptidoglycan serves a structural role in the bacterial cell wall, giving structural strength, as well as counteracting the osmotic pressure of the cytoplasm. A common misconception is that peptidoglycan gives the cell its shape; however, whereas peptidoglycan helps maintain the structural strength of the cell, it is actually the MreB protein that facilitates cell shape. Peptidoglycan is also involved in binary fission during bacterial cell reproduction.\n",
"chunked_long_answer": "Peptidoglycan, also known as murein, is a polymer consisting of sugars and amino acids that forms a mesh-like layer outside the plasma membrane of most bacteria, forming the cell wall. The sugar component consists of alternating residues of β-(1,4) linked N-acetylglucosamine (NAG) and N-acetylmuramic acid (NAM) . Attached to the N-acetylmuramic acid is a peptide chain of three to five amino acids. The peptide chain can be cross-linked to the peptide chain of another strand forming the 3D mesh-like layer. Peptidoglycan serves a structural role in the bacterial cell wall, giving structural strength, as well as counteracting the osmotic pressure of the cytoplasm. A common misconception is that peptidoglycan gives the cell its shape; however, whereas peptidoglycan helps maintain the structural strength of the cell, it is actually the MreB protein that facilitates cell shape. Peptidoglycan is also involved in binary fission during bacterial cell reproduction.\n",
"short_answers": [
"Peptidoglycan"
]
} |
where was the war of the planet of the apes filmed | [
"the Lower Mainland in Vancouver",
"Lower Mainland in Vancouver",
"the Kananaskis"
] | [
{
"title": "War for the Planet of the Apes",
"text": "to the fifth film in the original series, \"Battle for the Planet of the Apes\", but it is not a direct remake. Principal photography began on October 14, 2015, in Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada. \"War for the Planet of the Apes\" premiered in New Y... | {
"title": "War for the Planet of the Apes",
"long_answer": "Principal photography on the film began on October 14, 2015 in the Lower Mainland in Vancouver, under the working title Hidden Fortress. Filming was expected to take place there until early March 2016. Parts of the film were expected to shoot for up to five days in the Kananaskis in late January and early February. In March, Serkis confirmed that he had finished shooting his portions.",
"chunked_long_answer": "Principal photography on the film began on October 14, 2015 in the Lower Mainland in Vancouver, under the working title Hidden Fortress. Filming was expected to take place there until early March 2016. Parts of the film were expected to shoot for up to five days in the Kananaskis in late January and early February. In March, Serkis confirmed that he had finished shooting his portions.",
"short_answers": [
"Lower Mainland in Vancouver",
"the Kananaskis",
"the Lower Mainland in Vancouver"
]
} |
who was the girl that played cindy lou who | [
"Taylor Michel Momsen"
] | [
{
"title": "Frank and Cindy",
"text": "Girl\". Cindy was the ultimate groupie who married Frank and thought life would be glamorous and filled with award shows, but that is not how it turned out. The movie includes a rearranged version of \"Whirly Girl\" and some excerpts from its video clip. Writer and dir... | {
"title": "Taylor Momsen",
"long_answer": "Taylor Michel Momsen (born July 26, 1993) is an American singer, songwriter, former actress and model. She is known for being the lead singer and frontwoman of the American rock band The Pretty Reckless. She is also known for portraying the character of Jenny Humphrey on the CW teen drama series Gossip Girl (2007–2012) and Cindy Lou Who in the film Dr. Seuss' How the Grinch Stole Christmas (2000).",
"chunked_long_answer": "Taylor Michel Momsen (born July 26, 1993) is an American singer, songwriter, former actress and model. She is known for being the lead singer and frontwoman of the American rock band The Pretty Reckless. She is also known for portraying the character of Jenny Humphrey on the CW teen drama series Gossip Girl (2007–2012) and Cindy Lou Who in the film Dr. Seuss' How the Grinch Stole Christmas (2000).",
"short_answers": [
"Taylor Michel Momsen"
]
} |
who are the cast members of ncis new orleans | [
"Zoe McLellan",
"Lucas Black",
"Daryl \"Chill\" Mitchell",
"Shalita Grant",
"Rob Kerkovich",
"Vanessa Ferlito",
"Daryl Mitchell",
"Scott Bakula",
"CCH Pounder"
] | [
{
"title": "NCIS (franchise)",
"text": "Vail, an M.I.T. graduate and a computer-whiz; Marty Deeks, an LAPD Detective recruited to serve as liaison to OSP; Nell Jones, an Intelligence Analyst with the highest IQ at NCIS; Eric Beale, an awkward technician and one half of the technical dream-team; Nate Getz, a... | {
"title": "NCIS: New Orleans",
"long_answer": "NCIS: New Orleans follows a fictional team of Naval Criminal Investigative Service (NCIS) agents stationed out of New Orleans, Louisiana and led by Special Agent Dwayne Cassius Pride (Scott Bakula). The team focuses on crimes that involve personnel in the United States Navy and Marine Corps, and their territory ranges from the Mississippi River to the Texas Panhandle. The agents under Pride's supervision include Christopher LaSalle (Lucas Black), a former Jefferson Parish sheriff's deputy recruited by Pride following Hurricane Katrina; Meredith Brody (Zoe McLellan), a transfer from the NCIS Great Lakes field office, who has worked as a Special Agent Afloat and is keen to leave her past behind as she moves to New Orleans; Sonja Percy (Shalita Grant), a former ATF special agent and LaSalle's partner; Tammy Gregorio (Vanessa Ferlito), an FBI prodigy recruited after a short stint investigating Pride; and Sebastian Lund (Rob Kerkovich), a criminalist turned forensics agent and the team’s newest member. They are assisted by Patton Plame (Daryl Mitchell), a computer specialist, and Dr. Loretta Wade (CCH Pounder), a forensic pathologist.",
"chunked_long_answer": "New Orleans follows a fictional team of Naval Criminal Investigative Service (NCIS) agents stationed out of New Orleans, Louisiana and led by Special Agent Dwayne Cassius Pride (Scott Bakula). The team focuses on crimes that involve personnel in the United States Navy and Marine Corps, and their territory ranges from the Mississippi River to the Texas Panhandle. The agents under Pride's supervision include Christopher LaSalle (Lucas Black), a former Jefferson Parish sheriff's deputy recruited by Pride following Hurricane Katrina; Meredith Brody (Zoe McLellan), a transfer from the NCIS Great Lakes field office, who has worked as a Special Agent Afloat and is keen to leave her past behind as she moves to New Orleans; Sonja Percy (Shalita Grant), a former ATF special agent and LaSalle's partner; Tammy Gregorio (Vanessa Ferlito), an FBI prodigy recruited after a short stint investigating Pride; and Sebastian Lund (Rob Kerkovich), a criminalist turned forensics agent and the team’s newest member. They are assisted by Patton Plame (Daryl Mitchell), a computer specialist, and Dr. Loretta Wade (CCH Pounder), a forensic pathologist.",
"short_answers": [
"CCH Pounder",
"Daryl Mitchell",
"Lucas Black",
"Rob Kerkovich",
"Scott Bakula",
"Shalita Grant",
"Vanessa Ferlito",
"Zoe McLellan"
]
} |
when does the turn of the screw take place | [
"1898"
] | [
{
"title": "Screw (simple machine)",
"text": "the screw is actually a torque formula_10. Because of this, the input force required to turn a screw depends on how far from the shaft it is applied; the farther from the shaft, the less force is needed to turn it. The force on a screw is not usually applied at ... | {
"title": "The Turn of the Screw",
"long_answer": "The Turn of the Screw, originally published in 1898, is a novella written by Henry James. The story, a part of gothic and ghost story genres, first appeared in serial format in Collier's Weekly magazine (27 January – 16 April 1898). In October 1898 it appeared in The Two Magics, a book published by Macmillan in New York City and Heinemann in London.",
"chunked_long_answer": "The Turn of the Screw, originally published in 1898, is a novella written by Henry James. The story, a part of gothic and ghost story genres, first appeared in serial format in Collier's Weekly magazine (27 January – 16 April 1898). In October 1898 it appeared in The Two Magics, a book published by Macmillan in New York City and Heinemann in London.",
"short_answers": [
"1898"
]
} |
which term is used to identify having official power to act | [
"authority",
"Authority"
] | [
{
"title": "Law of the People's Republic of China",
"text": "of organs that are empowered to make legislative enactments. The first is referred to as \"state-power organs\" (国家权力机关), which take the form of the National People's Congress, its standing committee and local peoples' congresses of provinces, mun... | {
"title": "Authority",
"long_answer": "Authority (derived from the Latin word auctoritas), as a concept, can be used to mean the right to exercise power given by the State (in the form of government, judges, police officers, etc.), or by academic knowledge of an area (someone that can be an authority on a subject) or, in some societies, by higher spiritual powers or deities.",
"chunked_long_answer": "Authority (derived from the Latin word auctoritas), as a concept, can be used to mean the right to exercise power given by the State (in the form of government, judges, police officers, etc.), or by academic knowledge of an area (someone that can be an authority on a subject) or, in some societies, by higher spiritual powers or deities.",
"short_answers": [
"Authority"
]
} |
what do you call a person who officiates a wedding | [
"vow master",
"solemniser",
"marriage officiant",
"\"vow master\""
] | [
{
"title": "Marriage officiant",
"text": "are legal officials (usually judges). In Humanist weddings, a Humanist officiant presides. Celebrants may perform alternative and nontraditional ceremonies in places, and under circumstances where mainstream religious clergy will not. Some celebrants perform same-se... | {
"title": "Marriage officiant",
"long_answer": "A marriage officiant, solemniser, or \"vow master\" is a person who officiates at a wedding ceremony.",
"chunked_long_answer": "A marriage officiant, solemniser, or \"vow master\" is a person who officiates at a wedding ceremony.",
"short_answers": [
"\"vow master\"",
"marriage officiant",
"solemniser",
"vow master"
]
} |
the region that stretches between the black and caspian seas | [
"The Caucasus Mountains",
"Caucasus Mountains"
] | [
{
"title": "Garabogazköl",
"text": "the salt industry in the area by the Soviet government in the 1930s. Garabogazköl The Garabogazköl Aylagy or Kara-Bogaz-Gol (, black (or mighty) strait lake) is a shallow inundated depression in the northwestern corner of Turkmenistan. It forms a lagoon of the Caspian Se... | {
"title": "Caucasus Mountains",
"long_answer": "The Caucasus Mountains are a mountain system in West Asia between the Black Sea and the Caspian Sea in the Caucasus region.",
"chunked_long_answer": "The Caucasus Mountains are a mountain system in West Asia between the Black Sea and the Caspian Sea in the Caucasus region.",
"short_answers": [
"Caucasus Mountains",
"The Caucasus Mountains"
]
} |
who played lead guitar on 25 or 6 to 4 | [
"Terry Kath"
] | [
{
"title": "25 or 6 to 4",
"text": "first songs he taught himself to play on the guitar, using one string. 25 or 6 to 4 “25 or 6 to 4” is a song written by American musician Robert Lamm, one of the founding members of the band Chicago. It was recorded in 1969 for their second album \"Chicago\", with Peter C... | {
"title": "25 or 6 to 4",
"long_answer": "The original recording features an electric guitar solo using a wah-wah pedal by Chicago guitarist Terry Kath, and a lead vocal line in Aeolian mode.",
"chunked_long_answer": "The original recording features an electric guitar solo using a wah-wah pedal by Chicago guitarist Terry Kath, and a lead vocal line in Aeolian mode.",
"short_answers": [
"Terry Kath"
]
} |
where is the light between two oceans filmed | [
"Australia",
"New Zealand"
] | [
{
"title": "The Light Between Oceans (film)",
"text": "Africa and Japan, where distribution was handled by Mister Smith Entertainment through other third-party film distributors; Entertainment One Films in the United Kingdom, Reliance in India, Arthouse in Russia, and Phantom Film in Japan. \"The Light Betw... | {
"title": "The Light Between Oceans (film)",
"long_answer": "Principal photography started in September 2014, with filming locations in New Zealand and Australia. Filming took place in Dunedin, Port Chalmers and on the Otago Peninsula, Saint Bathans in Central Otago and at the Cape Campbell Lighthouse in Marlborough. Filming sites included the former Dunedin Prison in Dunedin and Stuart Street at the former King Edward Technical College building.",
"chunked_long_answer": "Principal photography started in September 2014, with filming locations in New Zealand and Australia. Filming took place in Dunedin, Port Chalmers and on the Otago Peninsula, Saint Bathans in Central Otago and at the Cape Campbell Lighthouse in Marlborough. Filming sites included the former Dunedin Prison in Dunedin and Stuart Street at the former King Edward Technical College building.",
"short_answers": [
"Australia",
"New Zealand"
]
} |
how many customers does edf have in the uk | [
"5.7 million customer accounts",
"5.7 million"
] | [
{
"title": "EDF Energy",
"text": "public sector through Public-private partnership (PPP) and Private Finance Initiative (PFI) type schemes. The Development Branch of EDF Energy was later dissolved in October 2006. The electricity distribution (or downstream) networks formerly known as EDF Energy Networks we... | {
"title": "EDF Energy",
"long_answer": "EDF Energy is an integrated energy company in the United Kingdom, with operations spanning electricity generation and the sale of gas and electricity to homes and businesses throughout the United Kingdom. It employs 13,331 people and handles 5.7 million customer accounts. ",
"chunked_long_answer": "EDF Energy is an integrated energy company in the United Kingdom, with operations spanning electricity generation and the sale of gas and electricity to homes and businesses throughout the United Kingdom. It employs 13,331 people and handles 5.7 million customer accounts. ",
"short_answers": [
"5.7 million",
"5.7 million customer accounts"
]
} |
what is the highest peak in the ozarks | [
"Lookout",
"Buffalo Lookout"
] | [
{
"title": "Ozarks",
"text": "Summits can reach elevations of just over 2,560 feet (780 m) with valleys 500 to 1,550 feet (472 m) deep (150 m to 450 m). Turner Ward Knob is the highest named peak. Located in western Newton County, Arkansas, its elevation is 2,463 feet (751 m). Nearby, five unnamed peaks hav... | {
"title": "Ozarks",
"long_answer": "There are two mountain ranges within the Ozarks: the Boston Mountains of Arkansas and the St. Francois Mountains of Missouri. Buffalo Lookout, the highest point in the Ozarks, is located in the Boston Mountains. Geologically, the area is a broad dome with the exposed core in the St. Francois Mountains. The Ozarks cover nearly 47,000 square miles, making it the most extensive highland region between the Appalachians and Rockies. Together with the Ouachita Mountains, the area is known as the U.S. Interior Highlands.",
"chunked_long_answer": "There are two mountain ranges within the Ozarks: the Boston Mountains of Arkansas and the St. Francois Mountains of Missouri. Buffalo Lookout, the highest point in the Ozarks, is located in the Boston Mountains. Geologically, the area is a broad dome with the exposed core in the St. Francois Mountains. The Ozarks cover nearly 47,000 square miles, making it the most extensive highland region between the Appalachians and Rockies. Together with the Ouachita Mountains, the area is known as the U.S. Interior Highlands.",
"short_answers": [
"Buffalo Lookout",
"Lookout"
]
} |
what is the setting of the book hoot | [
"Florida"
] | [
{
"title": "Hoot (novel)",
"text": "The themes in the novel are friendship, teamwork, growing up, corruption, parental love, kinship, environmentalism and integrity. The character goes through different adventures to get here. A film adaptation of the book was released in May 2006, starring Luke Wilson as O... | {
"title": "Hoot (novel)",
"long_answer": "Hoot is a 2002 young adult novel by Carl Hiaasen. The setting takes place in Florida, where new arrival Roy makes two oddball friends and a bad enemy, and joins an effort to stop construction of a pancake house which would destroy a colony of burrowing owls who live on the site. The book won a Newbery Honor award in 2003. A film adaptation of the book was released in May 2006, starring Logan Lerman, Brie Larson, and Cody Linley. Hiaasen and Wil Shriner, the director and script-writer, \"fought long and hard to stay truthful to the book.\"",
"chunked_long_answer": "Hoot is a 2002 young adult novel by Carl Hiaasen. The setting takes place in Florida, where new arrival Roy makes two oddball friends and a bad enemy, and joins an effort to stop construction of a pancake house which would destroy a colony of burrowing owls who live on the site. The book won a Newbery Honor award in 2003. A film adaptation of the book was released in May 2006, starring Logan Lerman, Brie Larson, and Cody Linley. Hiaasen and Wil Shriner, the director and script-writer, \"fought long and hard to stay truthful to the book.\"",
"short_answers": [
"Florida"
]
} |
what is the system of government in japan | [
"constitutional monarchy"
] | [
{
"title": "Government of Japan",
"text": "is appointed by the Emperor, after being nominated by the Cabinet; which in practice, known to be under the recommendation of the former Chief Justice. The Legal system in Japan has been historically influenced by Chinese law; developing independently during the Ed... | {
"title": "Government of Japan",
"long_answer": "The government of Japan is a constitutional monarchy in which the power of the Emperor is limited and is relegated primarily to ceremonial duties. As in many other states, the Government is divided into three branches: the Executive branch, the Legislative branch and the Judicial branch.",
"chunked_long_answer": "The government of Japan is a constitutional monarchy in which the power of the Emperor is limited and is relegated primarily to ceremonial duties. As in many other states, the Government is divided into three branches: the Executive branch, the Legislative branch and the Judicial branch.",
"short_answers": [
"constitutional monarchy"
]
} |
what was the code name of the us program to develop an atomic bomb | [
"Manhattan",
"Development of Substitute Materials",
"The Manhattan Project"
] | [
{
"title": "Canada and weapons of mass destruction",
"text": "United Kingdom and the United States agreed to develop the \"Tube Alloys\" Project and created a committee to manage the project which included C. D. Howe, the Canadian Minister of Munitions and Supply. This was the code name for the British Uran... | {
"title": "Manhattan Project",
"long_answer": "The Manhattan Project was a research and development undertaking during World War II that produced the first nuclear weapons. It was led by the United States with the support of the United Kingdom and Canada. From 1942 to 1946, the project was under the direction of Major General Leslie Groves of the U.S. Army Corps of Engineers. Nuclear physicist Robert Oppenheimer was the director of the Los Alamos Laboratory that designed the actual bombs. The Army component of the project was designated the Manhattan District; \"Manhattan\" gradually superseded the official codename, Development of Substitute Materials, for the entire project. Along the way, the project absorbed its earlier British counterpart, Tube Alloys. The Manhattan Project began modestly in 1939, but grew to employ more than 130,000 people and cost nearly US $2 billion (about $22 billion in 2016 dollars). Over 90% of the cost was for building factories and to produce fissile material, with less than 10% for development and production of the weapons. Research and production took place at more than 30 sites across the United States, the United Kingdom, and Canada.",
"chunked_long_answer": "The Manhattan Project was a research and development undertaking during World War II that produced the first nuclear weapons. It was led by the United States with the support of the United Kingdom and Canada. From 1942 to 1946, the project was under the direction of Major General Leslie Groves of the U.S. Army Corps of Engineers. Nuclear physicist Robert Oppenheimer was the director of the Los Alamos Laboratory that designed the actual bombs. The Army component of the project was designated the Manhattan District; \"Manhattan\" gradually superseded the official codename, Development of Substitute Materials, for the entire project. Along the way, the project absorbed its earlier British counterpart, Tube Alloys. The Manhattan Project began modestly in 1939, but grew to employ more than 130,000 people and cost nearly US $2 billion (about $22 billion in 2016 dollars). ",
"short_answers": [
"Development of Substitute Materials",
"Manhattan",
"The Manhattan Project"
]
} |
who shot first in the shot heard around the world | [
"Americans acting under orders"
] | [
{
"title": "Shot heard round the world",
"text": "Shot heard round the world \"The shot heard round the world\" is a phrase referring to several historical incidents, particularly the opening of the American Revolutionary War in 1775 and the assassination of Archduke Franz Ferdinand in 1914. The phrase come... | {
"title": "Shot heard round the world",
"long_answer": "Historically, no single shot can be cited as the first shot of the battle or the war. Shots were fired earlier at Lexington, Massachusetts where eight Americans were killed and a British soldier was slightly wounded, but accounts of that event are confused and contradictory, and it has been characterized as a massacre rather than a battle. The North Bridge skirmish did see the first shots by Americans acting under orders, the first organized volley by Americans, the first British fatalities, and the first British retreat.",
"chunked_long_answer": "Historically, no single shot can be cited as the first shot of the battle or the war. Shots were fired earlier at Lexington, Massachusetts where eight Americans were killed and a British soldier was slightly wounded, but accounts of that event are confused and contradictory, and it has been characterized as a massacre rather than a battle. The North Bridge skirmish did see the first shots by Americans acting under orders, the first organized volley by Americans, the first British fatalities, and the first British retreat.",
"short_answers": [
"Americans acting under orders"
]
} |
who is the owner of the crowne plaza | [
"InterContinental Hotels Group"
] | [
{
"title": "Chateau Lacombe Hotel",
"text": "and Resorts purchased Fairmont Hotels, the newer Chateau Lacombe was sold to investors and it was rebranded the Crowne Plaza Chateau Lacombe. It was sold again in mid-2010 for $47.8m to local company Hargate Properties who retained the affiliation with Crowne Pla... | {
"title": "Crowne Plaza",
"long_answer": "Crowne Plaza is a multinational chain of full service, upscale hotels catering to business travelers and to the meetings and conventions market. It forms part of the InterContinental Hotels Group family of brands, which include InterContinental Hotels & Resorts and Holiday Inn Hotels & Resorts, and operates in 52 countries with more than 400 hotels, usually located in city centers, resorts, coastal towns or near major airports.",
"chunked_long_answer": "Crowne Plaza is a multinational chain of full service, upscale hotels catering to business travelers and to the meetings and conventions market. It forms part of the InterContinental Hotels Group family of brands, which include InterContinental Hotels & Resorts and Holiday Inn Hotels & Resorts, and operates in 52 countries with more than 400 hotels, usually located in city centers, resorts, coastal towns or near major airports.",
"short_answers": [
"InterContinental Hotels Group"
]
} |
what are the 5 pillars of faith of islam | [
"concern for the needy",
"the pilgrimage",
"life",
"self-purification",
"prayer"
] | [
{
"title": "Sixth Pillar of Islam",
"text": "as the sixth pillar of Islam. These are varying beliefs and most Sunni Muslims believe that exactly five pillars constitute valid Islam, but there is sufficient speculation between the duty to do good (see above), jihad and khums as to which, if any, moral ethic ... | {
"title": "Five Pillars of Islam",
"long_answer": "The Shia, Ahmadiyya, and Sunni agree on the essential details for the performance and practice of these acts, but the Shia do not refer to them by the same name (see Ancillaries of the Faith, for the Twelvers, and Seven pillars of Ismailism). They make up Muslim life, prayer, concern for the needy, self-purification, and the pilgrimage, if one is able.",
"chunked_long_answer": "The Shia, Ahmadiyya, and Sunni agree on the essential details for the performance and practice of these acts, but the Shia do not refer to them by the same name (see Ancillaries of the Faith, for the Twelvers, and Seven pillars of Ismailism). They make up Muslim life, prayer, concern for the needy, self-purification, and the pilgrimage, if one is able.",
"short_answers": [
"concern for the needy",
"life",
"prayer",
"self-purification",
"the pilgrimage"
]
} |
when does season 8 of vampire diaries come out | [
"October 21, 2016",
"on October 21, 2016"
] | [
{
"title": "The Vampire Diaries (season 8)",
"text": "on February 8, 2017. On January 26, 2017, it was announced that Nina Dobrev would return as Elena Gilbert in the series finale. At the end of the episode, \"It's Been a Hell of a Ride\" on February 24, 2017, it was revealed that Dobrev would reprise her ... | {
"title": "The Vampire Diaries (season 8)",
"long_answer": "The Vampire Diaries, an American supernatural drama, was renewed for an eighth season by The CW on March 11, 2016. On July 23, 2016, the CW announced that the upcoming season would be the series' last and would consist of 16 episodes. The season premiered on October 21, 2016 and concluded on March 10, 2017.",
"chunked_long_answer": "The Vampire Diaries, an American supernatural drama, was renewed for an eighth season by The CW on March 11, 2016. On July 23, 2016, the CW announced that the upcoming season would be the series' last and would consist of 16 episodes. The season premiered on October 21, 2016 and concluded on March 10, 2017.",
"short_answers": [
"October 21, 2016",
"on October 21, 2016"
]
} |
batman and robin episode only fools and horses | [
"\"Heroes and Villains\""
] | [
{
"title": "Heroes and Villains (Only Fools and Horses)",
"text": "suitcase. Del (though not Rodney, much to his annoyance) receives a medal for apprehending the gang. While at the awards ceremony, he meets Councillor Murray again, who offers to do him a favour in return for rescuing her. That night Del ann... | {
"title": "Heroes and Villains (Only Fools and Horses)",
"long_answer": "\"Heroes and Villains\" is an episode of the BBC sitcom, Only Fools and Horses, first screened on 25 December 1996 as the first part of the 1996 Christmas trilogy and the thirteenth Christmas special. It attracted a UK television audience of 21.3 million, at the time a record for the show. In the episode, Del and Rodney are invited to a fancy dress party. They arrive dressed as Batman and Robin.",
"chunked_long_answer": "\"Heroes and Villains\" is an episode of the BBC sitcom, Only Fools and Horses, first screened on 25 December 1996 as the first part of the 1996 Christmas trilogy and the thirteenth Christmas special. It attracted a UK television audience of 21.3 million, at the time a record for the show. In the episode, Del and Rodney are invited to a fancy dress party. They arrive dressed as Batman and Robin.",
"short_answers": [
"\"Heroes and Villains\""
]
} |
mark who went to golf majors in 1998 | [
"Mark O'Meara",
"O'Meara"
] | [
{
"title": "Mark Wilson (golfer)",
"text": "Mark Wilson (golfer) Mark Joseph Wilson (born October 31, 1974) is an American professional golfer who plays on the PGA Tour. Wilson turned professional in 1997 and played on the NGA Hooters Tour for the early part of his career, where he won three times between 1... | {
"title": "Mark O'Meara",
"long_answer": "In a late finale to his PGA Tour winning career, O'Meara won two majors in 1998, The Masters and the British Open. O'Meara's victory in The Masters came at his 15th attempt. O'Meara attributed this resurgence partly to the inspiration of working with Tiger Woods, the new superstar of the game at the time, with whom O'Meara had become good friends. In the same year, he won the Cisco World Match Play Championship and reached a career best of second in the Official World Golf Ranking.",
"chunked_long_answer": "In a late finale to his PGA Tour winning career, O'Meara won two majors in 1998, The Masters and the British Open. O'Meara's victory in The Masters came at his 15th attempt. O'Meara attributed this resurgence partly to the inspiration of working with Tiger Woods, the new superstar of the game at the time, with whom O'Meara had become good friends. In the same year, he won the Cisco World Match Play Championship and reached a career best of second in the Official World Golf Ranking.",
"short_answers": [
"O'Meara"
]
} |
who wrote hallelujah i just love her so | [
"Ray Charles"
] | [
{
"title": "Hallelujah (Paramore song)",
"text": "Hallelujah (Paramore song) \"Hallelujah\" is a song by American rock band Paramore, released as the second single from their second studio album \"Riot!\". The single peaked at No. 139 on the UK Singles Chart. The song is not to be confused with the Leonard ... | {
"title": "Hallelujah I Love Her So",
"long_answer": "\"Hallelujah I Love Her So\" is a single from American musician Ray Charles. The jazz and rhythm and blues song was written and released by Charles in 1956 on the Atlantic label, and in 1957 it was included on his self-titled debut LP, also released on Atlantic. The song peaked at number five on the Billboard R&B chart. It is loosely based on 'Get It Over Baby' by Ike Turner (1953).",
"chunked_long_answer": "\"Hallelujah I Love Her So\" is a single from American musician Ray Charles. The jazz and rhythm and blues song was written and released by Charles in 1956 on the Atlantic label, and in 1957 it was included on his self-titled debut LP, also released on Atlantic. The song peaked at number five on the Billboard R&B chart. It is loosely based on 'Get It Over Baby' by Ike Turner (1953).",
"short_answers": [
"Ray Charles"
]
} |
the roman name for a liberal arts education is known as | [
"liberalia studia",
"artes liberales"
] | [
{
"title": "Liberal arts education",
"text": "Liberal arts education Liberal arts education (from Latin \"free\" and \"art or principled practice\") can claim to be the oldest programme of higher education in Western history. It has its origin in the attempt to discover first principles – 'those universal p... | {
"title": "Liberal arts education",
"long_answer": "Rooted in the basic curriculum – the enkuklios paideia or \"education in a circle\" – of late Classical and Hellenistic Greece, the \"liberal arts\" or \"liberal pursuits\" (Latin liberalia studia) were already so called in formal education during the Roman Empire. The first recorded use of the term \"liberal arts\" (artes liberales) occurs in De Inventione by Marcus Tullius Cicero, but it is unclear if he created the term. Seneca the Younger discusses liberal arts in education from a critical Stoic point of view in Moral Epistle 88. The exact classification of the liberal arts varied however in Roman times, and it was only after Martianus Capella in the 5th century AD influentially brought the seven liberal arts as bridesmaids to the Marriage of Mercury and Philology, that they took on canonical form.",
"chunked_long_answer": "Rooted in the basic curriculum – the enkuklios paideia or \"education in a circle\" – of late Classical and Hellenistic Greece, the \"liberal arts\" or \"liberal pursuits\" (Latin liberalia studia) were already so called in formal education during the Roman Empire. The first recorded use of the term \"liberal arts\" (artes liberales) occurs in De Inventione by Marcus Tullius Cicero, but it is unclear if he created the term. Seneca the Younger discusses liberal arts in education from a critical Stoic point of view in Moral Epistle 88. The exact classification of the liberal arts varied however in Roman times,",
"short_answers": [
"artes liberales",
"liberalia studia"
]
} |
when was the first horrid henry book written | [
"published in 1994",
"1994",
"in 1994"
] | [
{
"title": "Horrid Henry (TV series)",
"text": "one music album, \"Horrid Henry's Most Horrid Album\". It is unknown if a second album will release. Horrid Henry (TV series) Horrid Henry is a British children's animated television series, based on the book series of the same name by Francesca Simon. It is p... | {
"title": "Horrid Henry (book)",
"long_answer": "Horrid Henry is the first book of the Horrid Henry series. It was published in 1994 and written by Francesca Simon and illustrated by Tony Ross. The book is a collection of short stories about the same characters, along the lines of the Just William books.",
"chunked_long_answer": "Horrid Henry is the first book of the Horrid Henry series. It was published in 1994 and written by Francesca Simon and illustrated by Tony Ross. The book is a collection of short stories about the same characters, along the lines of the Just William books.",
"short_answers": [
"1994",
"in 1994",
"published in 1994"
]
} |
what was generally the preferred way for european powers to control colonial regions | [
"Indirect rule"
] | [
{
"title": "Modern history",
"text": "by allowing the European rival countries to carve up the continent of Africa into national colonies. Africans were not consulted. The major European powers laid claim to the areas of [[Africa]] where they could exhibit a sphere of influence over the area. These claims d... | {
"title": "Indirect rule",
"long_answer": "Indirect rule is a system of government used by the British and French to control parts of their colonial empires, particularly in Africa and Asia, through pre-existing local power structures. These dependencies were often called \"protectorates\" or \"trucial states\". By this system, the day-to-day government and administration of areas both small and large was left in the hands of traditional rulers, who gained prestige and the stability and protection afforded by the Pax Britannica, at the cost of losing control of their external affairs, and often of taxation, communications, and other matters, usually with a small number of European \"advisors\" effectively overseeing the government of large numbers of people spread over extensive areas.",
"chunked_long_answer": "Indirect rule is a system of government used by the British and French to control parts of their colonial empires, particularly in Africa and Asia, through pre-existing local power structures. These dependencies were often called \"protectorates\" or \"trucial states\". By this system, the day-to-day government and administration of areas both small and large was left in the hands of traditional rulers, who gained prestige and the stability and protection afforded by the Pax Britannica, at the cost of losing control of their external affairs, and often of taxation, communications, and other matters, usually with a small number of European \"advisors\"",
"short_answers": [
"Indirect rule"
]
} |
nodding your head no is an example of | [
"a gesture"
] | [
{
"title": "Nod (gesture)",
"text": "of \"τσου\" is optional and reserved only for heavy emphasis on the \"no\". The emphasis on the raised eyebrows and the rolling up of the eyes is such, that the actual nod of the head upwards has ended up being of secondary importance. A person can denote \"no\" by simpl... | {
"title": "Nod (gesture)",
"long_answer": "A nod of the head is a gesture in which the head is tilted in alternating up and down arcs along the sagittal plane. In many cultures, it is most commonly, but not universally, used to indicate agreement, acceptance, or acknowledgment.",
"chunked_long_answer": "A nod of the head is a gesture in which the head is tilted in alternating up and down arcs along the sagittal plane. In many cultures, it is most commonly, but not universally, used to indicate agreement, acceptance, or acknowledgment.",
"short_answers": [
"a gesture"
]
} |
who was the spanish civil war fought between | [
"Nationalists",
"Republicans"
] | [
{
"title": "Manuel García Pelayo",
"text": "Austria. When on July 18, 1936 the Spanish Civil War started, he enlisted in the Spanish Republican Army even though his father and brother were fighting for the Nationalist side. He fought in several battles and became a Captain in the General Staff. When the ci... | {
"title": "Spanish Civil War",
"long_answer": "The Spanish Civil War (Spanish: Guerra Civil Española), widely known in Spain simply as The Civil War (Spanish: La Guerra Civil) or The War (Spanish: La Guerra), took place from 1936 to 1939. The Republicans, who were loyal to the democratic, left-leaning and relatively urban Second Spanish Republic, in an alliance of convenience with the Anarchists and Communists, fought against the Nationalists, a Falangist, Carlist, Catholic, and largely aristocratic conservative group led by General Francisco Franco. The war has often been portrayed as a struggle between democracy and fascism, particularly due to the political climate and timing surrounding it, but it can more accurately be described as a struggle between leftist revolution and rightist counter-revolution similar to the Finnish Civil War, the Russian Civil War, and the wars fought over the formation of the Hungarian and Slovak Soviet republics. In early 1939, the Nationalists won, and Franco ruled over all of Spain until his death in November 1975.",
"chunked_long_answer": "The Republicans, who were loyal to the democratic, left-leaning and relatively urban Second Spanish Republic, in an alliance of convenience with the Anarchists and Communists, fought against the Nationalists, a Falangist, Carlist, Catholic, and largely aristocratic conservative group led by General Francisco Franco. The war has often been portrayed as a struggle between democracy and fascism, particularly due to the political climate and timing surrounding it, but it can more accurately be described as a struggle between leftist revolution and rightist counter-revolution similar to the Finnish Civil War, the Russian Civil War, and the wars fought over the formation of the Hungarian and Slovak Soviet republics. In early 1939, the Nationalists won, and Franco ruled over all of Spain until his death in November 1975.",
"short_answers": [
"Nationalists",
"Republicans"
]
} |
where is the suez canal located on a map | [
"Egypt"
] | [
{
"title": "Suez Canal",
"text": "is the southbound convoy. It starts at 03:30 from Port Said and so passes the Northbound convoy in the two-lane section. From north to south, the crossings are: A railway on the west bank runs parallel to the canal for its entire length. Six new tunnels for cars and trains ... | {
"title": "Suez Canal",
"long_answer": "The Suez Canal (Arabic: قناة السويس qanāt as-suwēs) is an artificial sea-level waterway in Egypt, connecting the Mediterranean Sea to the Red Sea through the Isthmus of Suez. Constructed by the Suez Canal Company between 1859 and 1869, it was officially opened on November 17, 1869. The canal offers watercraft a shorter journey between the North Atlantic and northern Indian Oceans via the Mediterranean and Red seas by avoiding the South Atlantic and southern Indian oceans, in turn reducing the journey by approximately 7,000 kilometres (4,300 mi). It extends from the northern terminus of Port Said to the southern terminus of Port Tewfik at the city of Suez. Its length is 193.30 km (120.11 mi), including its northern and southern access channels. In 2012, 17,225 vessels traversed the canal (47 per day).",
"chunked_long_answer": "The Suez Canal (Arabic: قناة السويس qanāt as-suwēs) is an artificial sea-level waterway in Egypt, connecting the Mediterranean Sea to the Red Sea through the Isthmus of Suez. Constructed by the Suez Canal Company between 1859 and 1869, it was officially opened on November 17, 1869. The canal offers watercraft a shorter journey between the North Atlantic and northern Indian Oceans via the Mediterranean and Red seas by avoiding the South Atlantic and southern Indian oceans, in turn reducing the journey by approximately 7,000 kilometres (4,300 mi). It extends from the northern terminus of Port Said to the southern terminus",
"short_answers": [
"Egypt"
]
} |
how much square feet is a basketball court | [
"94 by 50 feet"
] | [
{
"title": "Basketball court",
"text": "Basketball court Basketball courts come in different sizes. In the National Basketball Association (NBA), the court is . Under International Basketball Federation (FIBA) rules, the court is slightly smaller, measuring exactly . In amateur basketball, court sizes vary ... | {
"title": "Basketball court",
"long_answer": "Basketball courts come in different sizes. In the National Basketball Association (NBA), the court is 94 by 50 feet (28.7 by 15.2 m). Under International Basketball Federation (FIBA) rules, the court is minutely smaller, measuring exactly 28 by 15 metres (91.9 by 49.2 ft). In amateur basketball, court sizes vary widely. The baskets are always 10 feet (3.0 m) above the floor (except possibly in youth competition). Basketball courts have a three-point arc at both baskets. A basket made from behind this arc is worth three points; a basket made from within this line, or with a player's foot touching the line, is worth 2 points. The free-throw line, where one stands while taking a foul shot, is located within the three-point arc at 15 feet from the basket. A foul shot is worth 1 point, but if a shot is made from the foul line while in play it is still worth 2 points.",
"chunked_long_answer": "Basketball courts come in different sizes. In the National Basketball Association (NBA), the court is 94 by 50 feet (28.7 by 15.2 m). Under International Basketball Federation (FIBA) rules, the court is minutely smaller, measuring exactly 28 by 15 metres (91.9 by 49.2 ft). In amateur basketball, court sizes vary widely. The baskets are always 10 feet (3.0 m) above the floor (except possibly in youth competition). Basketball courts have a three-point arc at both baskets. A basket made from behind this arc is worth three points; a basket made from within this line, or with a player's foot touching",
"short_answers": [
"94 by 50 feet"
]
} |
who will win 2018 election in sri lanka | [
"Sri Lanka Podujana Peramuna"
] | [
{
"title": "Anuradha Jayaratne",
"text": "2016 Jayarathne was appointed as the Chief Organizer of SLFP, Ududumbara, Kandy District. Anuradha Jayaratne Dissanayake Mudiyanse Anuradha Lanka Pradeep Jayaratne (born 22 December 1985) is a Sri Lankan politician. He is the current Deputy Minister of Mahaweli Deve... | {
"title": "Sri Lankan local elections, 2018",
"long_answer": "The election had a turnout of about 70%, with no major incidents of violence. Sri Lanka Podujana Peramuna, led by former president Mahinda Rajapaksa, secured the most seats and local authorities.",
"chunked_long_answer": "The election had a turnout of about 70%, with no major incidents of violence. Sri Lanka Podujana Peramuna, led by former president Mahinda Rajapaksa, secured the most seats and local authorities.",
"short_answers": [
"Sri Lanka Podujana Peramuna"
]
} |
who sings i can't take my eyes off of you | [
"Frankie Valli"
] | [
{
"title": "Can't Take My Eyes Off You (Nancy Wilson album)",
"text": "Can't Take My Eyes Off You (Nancy Wilson album) Can't Take My Eyes Off You is a studio album by Nancy Wilson, released on Capitol Records in 1970. It was produced by David Cavanaugh, with arrangements and conducting by Phil Wright and Ji... | {
"title": "Can't Take My Eyes Off You",
"long_answer": "\"Can't Take My Eyes Off You\" is a 1967 single credited to Frankie Valli. The song was among his biggest hits, earning a gold record and reaching No. 2 on the Billboard Hot 100 for a week, stuck behind \"Windy\" by The Association. It was co-written by Bob Gaudio, a bandmate of Valli's in The Four Seasons. It was Valli's biggest solo hit until he hit #1 in 1974 with \"My Eyes Adored You\".",
"chunked_long_answer": "\"Can't Take My Eyes Off You\" is a 1967 single credited to Frankie Valli. The song was among his biggest hits, earning a gold record and reaching No. 2 on the Billboard Hot 100 for a week, stuck behind \"Windy\" by The Association. It was co-written by Bob Gaudio, a bandmate of Valli's in The Four Seasons. It was Valli's biggest solo hit until he hit #1 in 1974 with \"My Eyes Adored You\".",
"short_answers": [
"Frankie Valli"
]
} |
how many times has lake placid hosted the winter olympics | [
"twice"
] | [
{
"title": "Venues of the 1980 Winter Olympics",
"text": "the 1980 Winter Olympics. The city made four unsuccessful bids for the Winter Olympics in 1960, 1968, 1972, and 1976 before being awarded the 1980 Winter Olympics by the International Olympic Committee (IOC) in 1974. Between the 1932 Winter Games and... | {
"title": "Lake Placid, New York",
"long_answer": "Lake Placid hosted the Winter Olympics in 1932 and 1980. During the 1932 games, the trails outside of the village served for the cross-country skiing events and the cross-country skiing part of the Nordic combined event. Lake Placid, St Moritz and Innsbruck are the only sites to have twice hosted the Winter Olympic Games.",
"chunked_long_answer": "Lake Placid hosted the Winter Olympics in 1932 and 1980. During the 1932 games, the trails outside of the village served for the cross-country skiing events and the cross-country skiing part of the Nordic combined event. Lake Placid, St Moritz and Innsbruck are the only sites to have twice hosted the Winter Olympic Games.",
"short_answers": [
"twice"
]
} |
who came up with the theory of relativity | [
"Albert Einstein"
] | [
{
"title": "Dante Tessieri",
"text": "of the book Dante refers to Einstein with apathy as he tends to correct Einstein's relativity theory with valid references. As of today, not much of his life is known. He was born between 1850 and 1875 and died between 1920 and 1935, as a young physicist, he was able to... | {
"title": "Theory of relativity",
"long_answer": "The theory of relativity usually encompasses two interrelated theories by Albert Einstein: special relativity and general relativity. Special relativity applies to elementary particles and their interactions, describing all their physical phenomena except gravity. General relativity explains the law of gravitation and its relation to other forces of nature. It applies to the cosmological and astrophysical realm, including astronomy.",
"chunked_long_answer": "The theory of relativity usually encompasses two interrelated theories by Albert Einstein: special relativity and general relativity. Special relativity applies to elementary particles and their interactions, describing all their physical phenomena except gravity. General relativity explains the law of gravitation and its relation to other forces of nature. It applies to the cosmological and astrophysical realm, including astronomy.",
"short_answers": [
"Albert Einstein"
]
} |
who won the icc under 19 world cup 2018 | [
"West Indies",
"India"
] | [
{
"title": "Kamindu Mendis",
"text": "2016 Under-19 Cricket World Cup. He was named as the Under-19 captain in December 2016 and captained the Sri Lankan squad for the 2018 Under-19 Cricket World Cup. He was named in Colombo's squad for the 2017–18 Super Four Provincial Tournament and the 2018 Super Provinc... | {
"title": "2018 Under-19 Cricket World Cup",
"long_answer": "In the first Super League semi-final, Australia beat Afghanistan by 6 wickets to progress to the final. In the second semi-final, India beat Pakistan by 203 runs to advance into the final. In the third-place playoff, no play was possible due to rain and a wet outfield. Pakistan therefore finished in third place, as they finished their group ahead of Afghanistan on net run rate. In the final, India beat Australia by 8 wickets to win their fourth Under-19 World Cup, the most by any side.",
"chunked_long_answer": "In the first Super League semi-final, Australia beat Afghanistan by 6 wickets to progress to the final. In the second semi-final, India beat Pakistan by 203 runs to advance into the final. In the third-place playoff, no play was possible due to rain and a wet outfield. Pakistan therefore finished in third place, as they finished their group ahead of Afghanistan on net run rate. In the final, India beat Australia by 8 wickets to win their fourth Under-19 World Cup, the most by any side.",
"short_answers": [
"India"
]
} |
when was the jury system abolished in india | [
"1959"
] | [
{
"title": "Judiciary of India",
"text": "in its 14th Report. Jury trials were abolished in India by a very discrete process during the 1960s, finishing with the 1973 Code of Criminal Procedure, which is still in force today. The 8:1 acquittal of Kawas Nanavati in \"K. M. Nanavati v. State of Maharashtra\" ... | {
"title": "K. M. Nanavati v. State of Maharashtra",
"long_answer": "Commander K. M. Nanavati vs. State of Maharashtra was a 1959 Indian court case where Commander Kawas Manekshaw Nanavati, a Naval Commander, was tried for the murder of Prem Ahuja, his wife's lover. The incident received unprecedented media coverage and inspired several books and films such as the 1973 film Achanak and 2016 film Rustom. Commander Nanavati, accused under section 302, was initially declared not guilty by a jury, but the verdict was dismissed by the Bombay High Court and the case was retried as a bench trial. This was among the last cases to be heard as a jury trial in India, as the government abolished jury trials soon after in most cases except for Parsis who still have Jury Trials for their Matrimonial Disputes. Nanavati was finally pardoned by Vijayalakshmi Pandit, newly appointed Governor of Bombay and sister of Prime Minister Jawaharlal Nehru.",
"chunked_long_answer": "Commander K. M. Nanavati vs. State of Maharashtra was a 1959 Indian court case where Commander Kawas Manekshaw Nanavati, a Naval Commander, was tried for the murder of Prem Ahuja, his wife's lover. The incident received unprecedented media coverage and inspired several books and films such as the 1973 film Achanak and 2016 film Rustom. Commander Nanavati, accused under section 302, was initially declared not guilty by a jury, but the verdict was dismissed by the Bombay High Court and the case was retried as a bench trial. This was among the last cases to be heard as a jury",
"short_answers": [
"1959"
]
} |
who played morticia in the addams family tv show | [
"Carolyn Sue Jones"
] | [
{
"title": "Morticia Addams",
"text": "Morticia Addams Morticia Addams is a fictional character from \"The Addams Family\" television and film series. Created by cartoonist Charles Addams, she was based on his first wife Barbara. Morticia first appeared in Charles Addams' newspaper cartoons as the stern, al... | {
"title": "Carolyn Jones",
"long_answer": "Carolyn Sue Jones (April 28, 1930 – August 3, 1983) was an American actress of television and film. Jones began her film career in the early 1950s, and by the end of the decade had achieved recognition with a nomination for an Academy Award for Best Supporting Actress for The Bachelor Party (1957) and a Golden Globe Award as one of the most promising actresses of 1959. Her film career continued for another 20 years. In 1964, she began playing the role of Morticia Addams (as well as her sister Ophelia and the feminine counterpart of Thing, Lady Fingers), in the original black and white television series The Addams Family.",
"chunked_long_answer": "Carolyn Sue Jones (April 28, 1930 – August 3, 1983) was an American actress of television and film. Jones began her film career in the early 1950s, and by the end of the decade had achieved recognition with a nomination for an Academy Award for Best Supporting Actress for The Bachelor Party (1957) and a Golden Globe Award as one of the most promising actresses of 1959. Her film career continued for another 20 years. In 1964, she began playing the role of Morticia Addams (as well as her sister Ophelia and the feminine counterpart of Thing, Lady Fingers), in",
"short_answers": [
"Carolyn Sue Jones"
]
} |
how many episodes of the white princess will there be | [
"eight",
"8"
] | [
{
"title": "Snow White with the Red Hair",
"text": "by Eyelis. The second season of the anime television series aired in Japan from January 11, 2016 to March 28, 2016. The opening theme is by Saori Hayami and Ending theme is by Eyelis. Snow White with the Red Hair Shirayuki is a normal herbalist in the king... | {
"title": "The White Princess (miniseries)",
"long_answer": "In the eight episode series, the marriage of Henry VII and Elizabeth of York effectively ends the Wars of the Roses by uniting the houses of Lancaster and York. However, their mutual enmity and distrust—as well as the political plots of their mothers—threaten to tear both the marriage and the kingdom apart.",
"chunked_long_answer": "In the eight episode series, the marriage of Henry VII and Elizabeth of York effectively ends the Wars of the Roses by uniting the houses of Lancaster and York. However, their mutual enmity and distrust—as well as the political plots of their mothers—threaten to tear both the marriage and the kingdom apart.",
"short_answers": [
"eight"
]
} |
when was pac man released in the us | [
"October 26, 1980",
"October 1980",
"in October 1980"
] | [
{
"title": "Joysticks (film)",
"text": "Pac-Man by video game developer Midway Games to be used in the film. Also, they allowed the filmmakers to showcase \"Satan's Hollow\" and the unreleased \"Super Pac-Man\" during the film's climactic video game showdown. The film was theatrically released March 1983 in... | {
"title": "Pac-Man",
"long_answer": "Pac-Man (Japanese: パックマン, Hepburn: Pakkuman), stylized as PAC-MAN, is an arcade game developed by Namco and first released in Japan in May 1980. It was created by Japanese video game designer Toru Iwatani. It was licensed for distribution in the United States by Midway Games and released in October 1980. Immensely popular from its original release to the present day, Pac-Man is considered one of the classics of the medium, and an icon of 1980s popular culture. Upon its release, the game—and, subsequently, Pac-Man derivatives—became a social phenomenon that yielded high sales of merchandise and inspired a legacy in other media, such as the Pac-Man animated television series and the top-ten Buckner and Garcia hit single \"Pac-Man Fever\". Pac-Man was popular in the 1980s and 1990s and is still played in the 2010s.",
"chunked_long_answer": "Pac-Man (Japanese: パックマン, Hepburn: Pakkuman), stylized as PAC-MAN, is an arcade game developed by Namco and first released in Japan in May 1980. It was created by Japanese video game designer Toru Iwatani. It was licensed for distribution in the United States by Midway Games and released in October 1980. Immensely popular from its original release to the present day, Pac-Man is considered one of the classics of the medium, and an icon of 1980s popular culture. Upon its release, the game—and, subsequently, Pac-Man derivatives—became a social phenomenon that yielded high sales of merchandise and inspired a legacy in other",
"short_answers": [
"October 1980",
"in October 1980"
]
} |
where is the lost dutchman's mine supposed to be located | [
"in the southwestern United States"
] | [
{
"title": "Lost Dutchman's Gold Mine",
"text": "the Lost Dutchman's mine. Former Arizona Attorney General Robert K. Corbin is among those who have looked for the mine. Robert Blair wrote \"[t]here have been at least four legendary Lost Dutchman's gold mines in the American West, including the famed Superst... | {
"title": "Lost Dutchman's Gold Mine",
"long_answer": "The Lost Dutchman's Gold Mine (also known by similar names) is, according to legend, a rich gold mine hidden in the southwestern United States. The location is generally believed to be in the Superstition Mountains, near Apache Junction, east of Phoenix, Arizona. There have been many stories about how to find the mine, and each year people search for the mine. Some have died on the search.",
"chunked_long_answer": "The Lost Dutchman's Gold Mine (also known by similar names) is, according to legend, a rich gold mine hidden in the southwestern United States. The location is generally believed to be in the Superstition Mountains, near Apache Junction, east of Phoenix, Arizona. There have been many stories about how to find the mine, and each year people search for the mine. Some have died on the search.",
"short_answers": [
"in the southwestern United States"
]
} |
where did the last name wallace come from | [
"a Scottish surname"
] | [
{
"title": "Wallace, California",
"text": "Wallace, California Wallace is a census-designated place (CDP) at the far west edge of Calaveras County, California, United States on State Route 12. The population was 403 at the 2010 census, up from 220 at the 2000 census. On the 1883 map of the town site is the ... | {
"title": "Wallace (surname)",
"long_answer": "Wallace is a Scottish surname derived from the Anglo-Norman French waleis, which is in turn derived from a cognate of the Old English wylisc (pronounced \"wullish\") meaning \"foreigner\" or \"Welshman\" (etymology; see also Wallach and Walhaz). The original surname may have denoted someone from the former Kingdom of Strathclyde who spoke Cumbric, a close relative of the Welsh language, or possibly an incomer from Wales, or the Welsh Marches. The Kingdom of Strathclyde was originally a part of the Hen Ogledd, its people speaking a Brythonic language distinct from Scottish Gaelic and the English derived from Lothian. In modern times, in the 19th and 20th centuries, the surname has been used as an Americanization of numerous Ashkenazic Jewish surnames.",
"chunked_long_answer": "Wallace is a Scottish surname derived from the Anglo-Norman French waleis, which is in turn derived from a cognate of the Old English wylisc (pronounced \"wullish\") meaning \"foreigner\" or \"Welshman\" (etymology; see also Wallach and Walhaz). The original surname may have denoted someone from the former Kingdom of Strathclyde who spoke Cumbric, a close relative of the Welsh language, or possibly an incomer from Wales, or the Welsh Marches. The Kingdom of Strathclyde was originally a part of the Hen Ogledd, its people speaking a Brythonic language distinct from Scottish Gaelic and the English derived from Lothian. In modern times,",
"short_answers": [
"a Scottish surname"
]
} |
who made the movie fifty shades of grey | [
"Universal Pictures and Focus Features",
"Sam Taylor-Johnson"
] | [
{
"title": "Fifty Shades Darker (film)",
"text": "Fifty Shades Darker (film) Fifty Shades Darker is a 2017 American erotic romantic drama film directed by James Foley and written by Niall Leonard, based on E. L. James's 2012 novel of the same name. The second film in the \"Fifty Shades\" film series and the... | {
"title": "Fifty Shades of Grey (film)",
"long_answer": "Fifty Shades of Grey is a 2015 American erotic romantic drama film directed by Sam Taylor-Johnson, with a screenplay by Kelly Marcel. The film is based on the 2011 novel of the same name by British author E. L. James and stars Dakota Johnson as Anastasia Steele, a college graduate who begins a sadomasochistic relationship with young business magnate Christian Grey, played by Jamie Dornan.\n",
"chunked_long_answer": "Fifty Shades of Grey is a 2015 American erotic romantic drama film directed by Sam Taylor-Johnson, with a screenplay by Kelly Marcel. The film is based on the 2011 novel of the same name by British author E. L. James and stars Dakota Johnson as Anastasia Steele, a college graduate who begins a sadomasochistic relationship with young business magnate Christian Grey, played by Jamie Dornan.",
"short_answers": [
"Sam Taylor-Johnson"
]
} |
what are the names of the hunger games | [
"The Hunger Games"
] | [
{
"title": "The Hunger Games (film)",
"text": "at the end of the movie? We wanted to find a way to introduce them without having to explain specifically and exactly what they were and the game room was a really great opportunity for us to be able to do that.\" Lionsgate confirmed in March 2011 that about 30... | {
"title": "The Hunger Games (film series)",
"long_answer": "The first three films set records at the box office. The Hunger Games (2012) set records for the opening day and the biggest opening weekend for a non-sequel film. The Hunger Games: Catching Fire (2013) set the record for biggest opening weekend in the month of November. The Hunger Games: Mockingjay – Part 1 (2014) had the largest opening day and weekend of 2014. The films, including The Hunger Games: Mockingjay – Part 2 (2015), received a positive reception from critics, with praise aimed at its themes and messages, as well as Jennifer Lawrence's portrayal of the main protagonist, Katniss Everdeen.",
"chunked_long_answer": "The first three films set records at the box office. The Hunger Games (2012) set records for the opening day and the biggest opening weekend for a non-sequel film. The Hunger Games: Catching Fire (2013) set the record for biggest opening weekend in the month of November. The Hunger Games: Mockingjay – Part 1 (2014) had the largest opening day and weekend of 2014. The films, including The Hunger Games: Mockingjay – Part 2 (2015), received a positive reception from critics, with praise aimed at its themes and messages, as well as Jennifer Lawrence's portrayal of the main protagonist, Katniss Everdeen.",
"short_answers": [
"The Hunger Games"
]
} |
what engine is in a holden v8 supercar | [
"V8-engine"
] | [
{
"title": "Nissan VK engine",
"text": "by Kelly Racing in Melbourne. The engine has been reduced in capacity to to fit the V8 Supercars regulations. It has a bore and stroke of . It will be fitted to a Nissan Altima version of the V8 Supercars \"Car of the Future\" specification that will compete from 2013... | {
"title": "Supercars Championship",
"long_answer": "All cars must be front-engined and rear-wheel drive. All cars use a 5.0-litre, naturally aspirated V8-engine with electronic fuel injection, capable of producing between 460 and 485 kW (620–650 bhp). Manufacturers are free to choose between using an engine based on one from their own line up or a generic engine provided by V8 Supercars. Both Ford and Holden use US-based racing engines with pushrod actuated valves and two valves per cylinder. Mercedes, Nissan and Volvo use modified versions of their own engines, with hydraulic-lift valves and four valves per cylinder. All engines are electronically limited to 7,500 rpm and have a compression ratio of 10:1.",
"chunked_long_answer": "All cars must be front-engined and rear-wheel drive. All cars use a 5.0-litre, naturally aspirated V8-engine with electronic fuel injection, capable of producing between 460 and 485 kW (620–650 bhp). Manufacturers are free to choose between using an engine based on one from their own line up or a generic engine provided by V8 Supercars. Both Ford and Holden use US-based racing engines with pushrod actuated valves and two valves per cylinder. Mercedes, Nissan and Volvo use modified versions of their own engines, with hydraulic-lift valves and four valves per cylinder. All engines are electronically limited to 7,500 rpm and",
"short_answers": [
"V8-engine"
]
} |
when did the international space station go into space | [
"1998"
] | [
{
"title": "International Space Station program",
"text": "the International Space Station has a role to play as NASA moves forward with a new focus for the manned space programme, which is to go out beyond Earth orbit for purposes of human exploration and scientific discovery. \"The International Space Sta... | {
"title": "International Space Station",
"long_answer": "The International Space Station (ISS) is a space station, or a habitable artificial satellite, in low Earth orbit. Its first component launched into orbit in 1998, and the ISS is now the largest human-made body in low Earth orbit and can often be seen with the naked eye from Earth. The ISS consists of pressurised modules, external trusses, solar arrays, and other components. ISS components have been launched by Russian Proton and Soyuz rockets, and American Space Shuttles.",
"chunked_long_answer": "The International Space Station (ISS) is a space station, or a habitable artificial satellite, in low Earth orbit. Its first component launched into orbit in 1998, and the ISS is now the largest human-made body in low Earth orbit and can often be seen with the naked eye from Earth. The ISS consists of pressurised modules, external trusses, solar arrays, and other components. ISS components have been launched by Russian Proton and Soyuz rockets, and American Space Shuttles.",
"short_answers": [
"1998"
]
} |
what type of dog was laika the spacedog | [
"mongrel female"
] | [
{
"title": "Cosmo the Spacedog",
"text": "Cosmo the Spacedog Cosmo the Spacedog is a fictional character appearing in American comic books published by Marvel Comics. Cosmo, a telepathic Soviet dog, is the security chief of the space station Knowhere and a member of the Guardians of the Galaxy. The characte... | {
"title": "Laika",
"long_answer": "Laika was found as a stray wandering the streets of Moscow. Soviet scientists chose to use Moscow strays since they assumed that such animals had already learned to endure conditions of extreme cold and hunger. This specimen was an eleven-pound mongrel female, approximately three years old. Another account reported that she weighed about 6 kg (13 lb). Soviet personnel gave her several names and nicknames, among them Kudryavka (Russian for Little Curly), Zhuchka (Little Bug), and Limonchik (Little Lemon). Laika, the Russian name for several breeds of dogs similar to the husky, was the name popularised around the world. The American press dubbed her Muttnik (mutt + suffix -nik) as a pun on Sputnik, or referred to her as Curly. Her true pedigree is unknown, although it is generally accepted that she was part husky or other Nordic breed, and possibly part terrier. NASA refers to Laika as a \"part-Samoyed terrier.\" A Russian magazine described her temperament as phlegmatic, saying that she did not quarrel with other dogs. Vladimir Yazdovsky, who led the program of test dogs used on rockets, in a later publication wrote that “Laika was quiet and charming”.",
"chunked_long_answer": "Laika was found as a stray wandering the streets of Moscow. Soviet scientists chose to use Moscow strays since they assumed that such animals had already learned to endure conditions of extreme cold and hunger. This specimen was an eleven-pound mongrel female, approximately three years old. Another account reported that she weighed about 6 kg (13 lb). Soviet personnel gave her several names and nicknames, among them Kudryavka (Russian for Little Curly), Zhuchka (Little Bug), and Limonchik (Little Lemon). Laika, the Russian name for several breeds of dogs similar to the husky, was the name popularised around the world. The",
"short_answers": [
"mongrel female"
]
} |
who sang it's a mean old world | [
"T-Bone Walker"
] | [
{
"title": "Mean Old World",
"text": "the ones in L.A. later. They were big band numbers, more like what I recorded with Hite\". However, the opening verses remained the same: This anticipated future versions, in which new lyrics would be added to the familiar opening lines. On December 14, 1956, Walker rec... | {
"title": "Mean Old World",
"long_answer": "\"Mean Old World\" is a blues song recorded by American blues electric guitar musician T-Bone Walker in 1942. It has been described (along with the single's B-side) as \"the first important blues recordings on the electric guitar\". Over the years it has been interpreted and recorded by numerous blues, jazz and rock and roll artists.",
"chunked_long_answer": "\"Mean Old World\" is a blues song recorded by American blues electric guitar musician T-Bone Walker in 1942. It has been described (along with the single's B-side) as \"the first important blues recordings on the electric guitar\". Over the years it has been interpreted and recorded by numerous blues, jazz and rock and roll artists.",
"short_answers": [
"T-Bone Walker"
]
} |
what are the 4 types of nitrogenous bases | [
"cytosine (C)",
"adenine (A)",
"uracil (U)",
"thymine (T)",
"guanine (G)"
] | [
{
"title": "Nitrogenous base",
"text": "present in RNA, replacing thymine. Pyrimidines include thymine, cytosine, and uracil. They have a single ring structure. Purines include adenine and guanine. They have a double ring structure. Nitrogenous base A nitrogenous base, or nitrogen-containing base, is an org... | {
"title": "Nitrogenous base",
"long_answer": "In the biological sciences, nitrogenous bases are increasingly termed nucleobases because of their role in nucleic acids - their flat shape is particularly important when considering their roles as the building blocks of DNA and RNA. A set of five nitrogenous bases is used in the construction of nucleotides, which in turn build up the nucleic acids like DNA and RNA. These nitrogenous bases are adenine (A), uracil (U), guanine (G), thymine (T), and cytosine (C). These nitrogenous bases hydrogen bond between opposing DNA strands to form the rungs of the \"twisted ladder\" or double helix of DNA or a biological catalyst that is found in the nucleotides. Adenine is always paired with thymine, and guanine is always paired with cytosine. These are known as base pairs. Uracil is only present in RNA, replacing thymine. Pyrimidines include thymine, cytosine, and uracil. They have a single ring structure. Purines include adenine and guanine. They have a double ring structure. ",
"chunked_long_answer": "their flat shape is particularly important when considering their roles as the building blocks of DNA and RNA. A set of five nitrogenous bases is used in the construction of nucleotides, which in turn build up the nucleic acids like DNA and RNA. These nitrogenous bases are adenine (A), uracil (U), guanine (G), thymine (T), and cytosine (C). These nitrogenous bases hydrogen bond between opposing DNA strands to form the rungs of the \"twisted ladder\" or double helix of DNA or a biological catalyst that is found in the nucleotides. Adenine is always paired with thymine, and guanine is always",
"short_answers": [
"adenine (A)",
"cytosine (C)",
"guanine (G)",
"thymine (T)",
"uracil (U)"
]
} |
what are the toll roads called in mexico | [
"autopistas"
] | [
{
"title": "Transportation in Mexico",
"text": "Monterrey—in the form of a triangle. No federal freeway or expressway crosses a city; toll expressways are either turned into toll bypasses (\"libramientos\") often used as toll or free ring roads (\"periféricos\"), or are transformed into major arterial roads... | {
"title": "List of Mexican autopistas",
"long_answer": "This is a list of autopistas, or tolled (quota) highways, in Mexico. Tolled roads are often built as bypasses, to cross major bridges, and to provide direct intercity connections.",
"chunked_long_answer": "This is a list of autopistas, or tolled (quota) highways, in Mexico. Tolled roads are often built as bypasses, to cross major bridges, and to provide direct intercity connections.",
"short_answers": [
"autopistas"
]
} |
unsaturated fats are comprised of lipids that contain | [
"double bond",
"at least one double bond"
] | [
{
"title": "Unsaturated fat",
"text": "unsaturated fatty acids are palmitoleic acid, oleic acid, myristoleic acid, linoleic acid, and arachidonic acid. Foods containing unsaturated fats include avocado, nuts, olive oils, and vegetable oils such as canola. Meat products contain both saturated and unsaturated... | {
"title": "Unsaturated fat",
"long_answer": "An unsaturated fat is a fat or fatty acid in which there is at least one double bond within the fatty acid chain. A fatty acid chain is monounsaturated if it contains one double bond, and polyunsaturated if it contains more than one double bond.",
"chunked_long_answer": "An unsaturated fat is a fat or fatty acid in which there is at least one double bond within the fatty acid chain. A fatty acid chain is monounsaturated if it contains one double bond, and polyunsaturated if it contains more than one double bond.",
"short_answers": [
"at least one double bond",
"double bond"
]
} |
when does a wrinkle in time come out in canada | [
"March 9, 2018"
] | [
{
"title": "A Wrinkle in Time (2018 film)",
"text": "It was previously set for an April 6, 2018 release. \"A Wrinkle in Time\" was released on 4K UHD Blu-Ray, Blu-Ray, and DVD on June 5, 2018. \"A Wrinkle In Time\" grossed $100.5 million in the United States and Canada, and $32.2 million in other territorie... | {
"title": "A Wrinkle in Time (2018 film)",
"long_answer": "Principal photography began on November 2, 2016, in Los Angeles, California. With a production budget of over $100 million, the film became the first live-action film with a nine-digit budget to be directed by a woman of color. A Wrinkle in Time premired at the El Capitan Theatre on February 26, 2018, and with a theatrical release on March 9, 2018, through the Disney Digital 3-D, Real D 3D, and IMAX formats. The film received mixed reviews, with critics \"taking issue with the film's heavy use of CGI and numerous plot holes\" while \"celebrating its message of female empowerment and diversity\", and has grossed $124 million worldwide against a break-even point of $400 million, thus being a box office bomb.",
"chunked_long_answer": "Principal photography began on November 2, 2016, in Los Angeles, California. With a production budget of over $100 million, the film became the first live-action film with a nine-digit budget to be directed by a woman of color. A Wrinkle in Time premired at the El Capitan Theatre on February 26, 2018, and with a theatrical release on March 9, 2018, through the Disney Digital 3-D, Real D 3D, and IMAX formats. The film received mixed reviews, with critics \"taking issue with the film's heavy use of CGI and numerous plot holes\" while \"celebrating its message of female empowerment and",
"short_answers": [
"March 9, 2018"
]
} |
who had created the second bank of the united states | [
"President James Madison",
"James Madison"
] | [
{
"title": "Second Bank of the United States",
"text": "Second Bank of the United States The Second Bank of the United States, located in Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, was the second federally authorized Hamiltonian national bank in the United States during its 20-year charter from February 1816 to January 18... | {
"title": "Second Bank of the United States",
"long_answer": "Modeled on Alexander Hamilton's First Bank of the United States, the Second Bank was chartered by President James Madison in 1816 and began operations at its main branch in Philadelphia on January 7, 1817, managing twenty-five branch offices nationwide by 1832.",
"chunked_long_answer": "Modeled on Alexander Hamilton's First Bank of the United States, the Second Bank was chartered by President James Madison in 1816 and began operations at its main branch in Philadelphia on January 7, 1817, managing twenty-five branch offices nationwide by 1832.",
"short_answers": [
"James Madison",
"President James Madison"
]
} |
when were 7 books removed from the bible | [
"1546"
] | [
{
"title": "Book of Nehemiah",
"text": "his Vulgate translation of the Bible into Latin from the Hebrew; and consequently no early Vulgate manuscripts separate the two books, and they remained undivided as a single book in the 8th century commentary of Bede, and in the 9th century bibles of Alcuin and Theod... | {
"title": "Deuterocanonical books",
"long_answer": "The deuterocanonical books (from the Greek meaning \"belonging to the second canon\") is a term adopted in 16th century by the Roman Catholic Church to denote those books and passages of the Christian Old Testament, as defined in 1546 by the Council of Trent, that were not found in the Hebrew Bible. The term distinguished these texts both from those that were termed protocanonical books, which were the books of the Hebrew canon; and from the apocryphal books, which were those books of Jewish origin that were known sometimes to have been read in church as scripture but which the Council considered not to be canonical.",
"chunked_long_answer": "The deuterocanonical books (from the Greek meaning \"belonging to the second canon\") is a term adopted in 16th century by the Roman Catholic Church to denote those books and passages of the Christian Old Testament, as defined in 1546 by the Council of Trent, that were not found in the Hebrew Bible. The term distinguished these texts both from those that were termed protocanonical books, which were the books of the Hebrew canon; and from the apocryphal books, which were those books of Jewish origin that were known sometimes to have been read in church as scripture but which the",
"short_answers": [
"1546"
]
} |
who plays voldemort in harry potter and the philosopher's stone | [
"Richard Bremmer",
"Ian Hart"
] | [
{
"title": "Harry Potter and the Philosopher's Stone (film)",
"text": "Neville and Malfoy are given detention when caught in the corridor by Professor McGonagall. In the film, Harry, Hermione and Ron receive detention after Malfoy catches them in Hagrid's hut after hours (Malfoy however, is given detention ... | {
"title": "Lord Voldemort",
"long_answer": "In Harry Potter and the Philosopher's Stone, Voldemort's manifestation is as a face on the back of Quirrell's head, an effect achieved by computer generated imagery. Ian Hart, the actor who played Quirrell in the same film, provided the voice and the facial source for this character. Voldemort also appears in a scene in the Forbidden Forest where he is seen drinking the blood of a unicorn. As Voldemort's face was altered enough by CG work, and Hart's voice was affected enough, there was no confusion by Hart's playing of the two roles. In that film, he was also shown in a flashback sequence when he arrived at the home of James and Lily Potter to kill them. In this scene Voldemort is played by Richard Bremmer, though his face is never seen. His next appearance would be in Harry Potter and the Chamber of Secrets as the 16-year-old Tom Marvolo Riddle (portrayed by Christian Coulson).",
"chunked_long_answer": "In Harry Potter and the Philosopher's Stone, Voldemort's manifestation is as a face on the back of Quirrell's head, an effect achieved by computer generated imagery. Ian Hart, the actor who played Quirrell in the same film, provided the voice and the facial source for this character. Voldemort also appears in a scene in the Forbidden Forest where he is seen drinking the blood of a unicorn. As Voldemort's face was altered enough by CG work, and Hart's voice was affected enough, there was no confusion by Hart's playing of the two roles. In that film, he was also shown in a flashback sequence when he arrived at the home of James and Lily Potter to kill them. In this scene Voldemort is played by Richard Bremmer, though his face is never seen. ",
"short_answers": [
"Ian Hart",
"Richard Bremmer"
]
} |
when did the united states start using the death penalty | [
"the beginning",
"1608"
] | [
{
"title": "Capital punishment debate in the United States",
"text": "Capital punishment debate in the United States Capital punishment debate in the United States existed as early as the colonial period. As of 2017 it remains a legal penalty in 31 states, the federal government, and military criminal justi... | {
"title": "Capital punishment in the United States",
"long_answer": "Capital punishment is a legal penalty in the United States, currently used by 31 states, the federal government, and the military. Its existence can be traced to the beginning of the American colonies. The United States is the only Western country currently applying the death penalty, one of 57 countries worldwide applying it, and was the first to develop lethal injection as a method of execution, which has since been adopted by five other countries.",
"chunked_long_answer": "Capital punishment is a legal penalty in the United States, currently used by 31 states, the federal government, and the military. Its existence can be traced to the beginning of the American colonies. The United States is the only Western country currently applying the death penalty, one of 57 countries worldwide applying it, and was the first to develop lethal injection as a method of execution, which has since been adopted by five other countries.",
"short_answers": [
"the beginning"
]
} |
who has the most super bowls in nfl history | [
"Pittsburgh Steelers",
"The Pittsburgh Steelers"
] | [
{
"title": "Super Bowl Most Valuable Player Award",
"text": "recent Super Bowl MVP, from Super Bowl LII held on February 4, 2018, is Philadelphia Eagles quarterback Nick Foles, who passed for 373 yards and three touchdowns and scored a fourth touchdown as a receiver, becoming the first player to both throw ... | {
"title": "List of Super Bowl champions",
"long_answer": "The Pittsburgh Steelers (6–2) have won the most Super Bowls with six championships, while the New England Patriots (5-4), the Dallas Cowboys (5–3), and the San Francisco 49ers (5–1) have five wins. New England has the most Super Bowl appearances with nine, while the Buffalo Bills (0–4) have the most consecutive appearances with four losses in a row from 1990 to 1993. The Miami Dolphins are the only other team to have at least three consecutive appearances: 1972–74. The Denver Broncos (3–5) have lost a record five Super Bowls. The New England Patriots (5–4), the Minnesota Vikings (0–4), and the Bills have lost four. The record for consecutive wins is two and is shared by seven franchises: the 1966–67 Green Bay Packers, the 1972–73 Miami Dolphins, the 1974–75 and 1978–79 Pittsburgh Steelers (the only team to accomplish this feat twice), the 1988–89 San Francisco 49ers, the 1992–93 Dallas Cowboys, the 1997–98 Denver Broncos, and the 2003–04 New England Patriots. Among those, Dallas (1992–93; 1995) and New England (2001; 2003–04) are the only teams to win three out of four consecutive Super Bowls. The 1972 Dolphins capped off the only perfect season in NFL history with their victory in Super Bowl VII. The only team with multiple Super Bowl appearances and no losses is the Baltimore Ravens, who in winning Super Bowl XLVII defeated and replaced the 49ers in that position. Four current NFL teams have never appeared in a Super Bowl, including franchise relocations and renaming: the Cleveland Browns, Detroit Lions, Jacksonville Jaguars, and Houston Texans, though both the Browns (1964) and Lions (1957) had won NFL championship games prior to the creation of the Super Bowl.",
"chunked_long_answer": "The Pittsburgh Steelers (6–2) have won the most Super Bowls with six championships, while the New England Patriots (5-4), the Dallas Cowboys (5–3), and the San Francisco 49ers (5–1) have five wins. New England has the most Super Bowl appearances with nine, while the Buffalo Bills (0–4) have the most consecutive appearances with four losses in a row from 1990 to 1993. The Miami Dolphins are the only other team to have at least three consecutive appearances: 1972–74. The Denver Broncos (3–5) have lost a record five Super Bowls. The New England Patriots (5–4), the Minnesota Vikings (0–4), and the Bills have lost four. The record for consecutive wins is two and is shared by seven franchises: the 1966–67 Green Bay Packers, the 1972–73 Miami Dolphins, the 1974–75 and 1978–79 Pittsburgh Steelers (the only team to accomplish this feat twice), the 1988–89 San Francisco 49ers, the 1992–93 Dallas Cowboys, the 1997–98 Denver Broncos, and the 2003–04 New England Patriots. ",
"short_answers": [
"Pittsburgh Steelers",
"The Pittsburgh Steelers"
]
} |
when was the immigration act passed in canada | [
"1923"
] | [
{
"title": "Immigration Act, 1869",
"text": "Immigration Act, 1869 The Immigration Act, 1869 (also written as the Immigration Act of 1869, assented June 22, 1869) was the first immigration act passed by the government of Canada after Canadian Confederation (July 1, 1867). The British colonies of Canada, Nov... | {
"title": "Chinese Immigration Act, 1923",
"long_answer": "The Chinese Immigration Act, 1923, known today as the Chinese Exclusion Act, was an act passed by the Parliament of Canada, banning most forms of Chinese immigration to Canada. Immigration from most countries was controlled or restricted in some way, but only the Chinese were so completely prohibited from immigrating.",
"chunked_long_answer": "The Chinese Immigration Act, 1923, known today as the Chinese Exclusion Act, was an act passed by the Parliament of Canada, banning most forms of Chinese immigration to Canada. Immigration from most countries was controlled or restricted in some way, but only the Chinese were so completely prohibited from immigrating.",
"short_answers": [
"1923"
]
} |
name the cell which is attached to the lateral side of sieve tube | [
"sieve tube elements"
] | [
{
"title": "Sieve tube element",
"text": "both companion cells and sieve elements), the network of companion cells with the compact sieve tubes was highlighted. The markers for sieve elements and companion cells was used to study the network and organization of phloem cells. There are two categories of siev... | {
"title": "Sieve tube element",
"long_answer": "In plant anatomy, sieve tube elements, also called sieve tube members, are highly specialised type of elongated cell in the phloem tissue of flowering plants. The ends of these cells are connected with other sieve tube members, and together they constitute the sieve tube. The main function of the sieve tube is transport of carbohydrates, primarily sucrose, in the plant (e.g., from the leaves to the fruits and roots). Unlike the water-conducting xylem vessel elements that are dead when mature, sieve elements are living cells. They are unique in lacking a nucleus at maturity.",
"chunked_long_answer": "In plant anatomy, sieve tube elements, also called sieve tube members, are highly specialised type of elongated cell in the phloem tissue of flowering plants. The ends of these cells are connected with other sieve tube members, and together they constitute the sieve tube. The main function of the sieve tube is transport of carbohydrates, primarily sucrose, in the plant (e.g., from the leaves to the fruits and roots). Unlike the water-conducting xylem vessel elements that are dead when mature, sieve elements are living cells. They are unique in lacking a nucleus at maturity.",
"short_answers": [
"sieve tube elements"
]
} |
symbolic interactionism is the basis for which theoretical model | [
"role theory",
"versions of Identity Theory",
"sociological"
] | [
{
"title": "Symbolic interactionism",
"text": "a situation. An approval of the action occurs once the situation is defined. An interpretation is then made upon that action, which may ultimately influence the perspective, action, and definition. Stryker emphasizes that the sociology world at large is the mos... | {
"title": "Symbolic interactionism",
"long_answer": "Symbolic interactionism comes from a sociological perspective which developed around the middle of the twentieth century and that continues to be influential in some areas of the discipline. It is particularly important in microsociology and social psychology. It is derived from the American philosophy of pragmatism and particularly from the work of George Herbert Mead, as a pragmatic method to interpret social interactions.",
"chunked_long_answer": "Symbolic interactionism comes from a sociological perspective which developed around the middle of the twentieth century and that continues to be influential in some areas of the discipline. It is particularly important in microsociology and social psychology. It is derived from the American philosophy of pragmatism and particularly from the work of George Herbert Mead, as a pragmatic method to interpret social interactions.",
"short_answers": [
"sociological"
]
} |
who wrote the french declaration of the rights of man and of the citizen | [
"General Lafayette",
"Honoré Mirabeau",
"Lafayette",
"Thomas Jefferson"
] | [
{
"title": "Declaration of the Rights of the Man and of the Citizen of 1793",
"text": "written by the commission that included Louis Antoine Léon de Saint-Just and Marie-Jean Hérault de Séchelles during the period of the French Revolution. The main distinction between the Declaration of 1793 and the Declara... | {
"title": "Declaration of the Rights of Man and of the Citizen",
"long_answer": "The content of the document emerged largely from the ideals of the Enlightenment. The key drafts were prepared by Lafayette, working at times with his close friend Thomas Jefferson. In August 1789, Honoré Mirabeau played a central role in conceptualizing and drafting the Declaration of the Rights of Man and of the Citizen.",
"chunked_long_answer": "The content of the document emerged largely from the ideals of the Enlightenment. The key drafts were prepared by Lafayette, working at times with his close friend Thomas Jefferson. In August 1789, Honoré Mirabeau played a central role in conceptualizing and drafting the Declaration of the Rights of Man and of the Citizen.",
"short_answers": [
"Lafayette"
]
} |
who kidnapped ben in the deep end of the ocean | [
"celebrity alumna Cecil Lockhart",
"Cecil Lockhart",
"the celebrity alumna Cecil Lockhart"
] | [
{
"title": "The Deep End of the Ocean",
"text": "and feels that forcing Ben to abandon the past nine years of his life will only drive him away, both physically and emotionally. Vincent sees the presence of Ben as a symbol of his own guilt at allowing his younger brother to be kidnapped, and a symbol of the... | {
"title": "The Deep End of the Ocean",
"long_answer": "Nine years later a young boy named Sam asks Beth if she needs the lawn mowed. Beth suspects that this boy who lives with his \"father\" two blocks away is in fact her lost son, and while Sam mows the lawn, she takes photographs of him to show to her husband and teenage son, who then says that he suspected the boy's true identity all along. The parents contact Detective Candy Bliss who pops in to offer wise, albeit often cryptic and conflicting, advice to Beth. It is learned that at the reunion in Chicago, the celebrity alumna Cecil Lockhart kidnapped Ben, renamed him Sam, and raised him as her own child until she was committed to a mental hospital, leaving Sam to be raised in a house only two blocks from the Cappadoras, by his adoptive father, the sensitive and intellectual George Karras.",
"chunked_long_answer": "of him to show to her husband and teenage son, who then says that he suspected the boy's true identity all along. The parents contact Detective Candy Bliss who pops in to offer wise, albeit often cryptic and conflicting, advice to Beth. It is learned that at the reunion in Chicago, the celebrity alumna Cecil Lockhart kidnapped Ben, renamed him Sam, and raised him as her own child until she was committed to a mental hospital, leaving Sam to be raised in a house only two blocks from the Cappadoras, by his adoptive father, the sensitive and intellectual George Karras.",
"short_answers": [
"Cecil Lockhart",
"celebrity alumna Cecil Lockhart",
"the celebrity alumna Cecil Lockhart"
]
} |
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