id
stringlengths
24
24
question
stringlengths
1
270
answer
stringlengths
1
239
documents
listlengths
1
1
56fa413bf34c681400b0c030
What element makes up about 6% of the chemical composition of wood?
hydrogen
[ "Wood\n\nThe chemical composition of wood varies from species to species, but is approximately 50% carbon, 42% oxygen, 6% hydrogen, 1% nitrogen, and 1% other elements (mainly calcium, potassium, sodium, magnesium, iron, and manganese) by weight. Wood also contains sulfur, chlorine, silicon, phosphorus, and other el...
56fa413bf34c681400b0c031
About what percentage of wood is composed of nitrogen?
1%
[ "Wood\n\nThe chemical composition of wood varies from species to species, but is approximately 50% carbon, 42% oxygen, 6% hydrogen, 1% nitrogen, and 1% other elements (mainly calcium, potassium, sodium, magnesium, iron, and manganese) by weight. Wood also contains sulfur, chlorine, silicon, phosphorus, and other el...
56fa413bf34c681400b0c032
Which element in wood composes about 42% of its weight?
oxygen
[ "Wood\n\nThe chemical composition of wood varies from species to species, but is approximately 50% carbon, 42% oxygen, 6% hydrogen, 1% nitrogen, and 1% other elements (mainly calcium, potassium, sodium, magnesium, iron, and manganese) by weight. Wood also contains sulfur, chlorine, silicon, phosphorus, and other el...
56fa413bf34c681400b0c033
What element joins potassium, calcium, manganese, iron, and sodium to make a combined 1% of the chemical composition of wood?
magnesium
[ "Wood\n\nThe chemical composition of wood varies from species to species, but is approximately 50% carbon, 42% oxygen, 6% hydrogen, 1% nitrogen, and 1% other elements (mainly calcium, potassium, sodium, magnesium, iron, and manganese) by weight. Wood also contains sulfur, chlorine, silicon, phosphorus, and other el...
56fa4285f34c681400b0c039
How many main components make up wood, not counting water?
three
[ "Wood\n\nAside from water, wood has three main components. Cellulose, a crystalline polymer derived from glucose, constitutes about 41โ€“43%. Next in abundance is hemicellulose, which is around 20% in deciduous trees but near 30% in conifers. It is mainly five-carbon sugars that are linked in an irregular manner, in ...
56fa4285f34c681400b0c03a
What's the name for the crystalline polymer derived from glucose?
Cellulose
[ "Wood\n\nAside from water, wood has three main components. Cellulose, a crystalline polymer derived from glucose, constitutes about 41โ€“43%. Next in abundance is hemicellulose, which is around 20% in deciduous trees but near 30% in conifers. It is mainly five-carbon sugars that are linked in an irregular manner, in ...
56fa4285f34c681400b0c03b
After cellulose, what component is most plentiful in wood?
hemicellulose
[ "Wood\n\nAside from water, wood has three main components. Cellulose, a crystalline polymer derived from glucose, constitutes about 41โ€“43%. Next in abundance is hemicellulose, which is around 20% in deciduous trees but near 30% in conifers. It is mainly five-carbon sugars that are linked in an irregular manner, in ...
56fa4285f34c681400b0c03c
What kind of trees have about 30% hemicellulose?
conifers
[ "Wood\n\nAside from water, wood has three main components. Cellulose, a crystalline polymer derived from glucose, constitutes about 41โ€“43%. Next in abundance is hemicellulose, which is around 20% in deciduous trees but near 30% in conifers. It is mainly five-carbon sugars that are linked in an irregular manner, in ...
56fa4285f34c681400b0c03d
Which of the three main components of wood is used to manufacture paper?
cellulose
[ "Wood\n\nAside from water, wood has three main components. Cellulose, a crystalline polymer derived from glucose, constitutes about 41โ€“43%. Next in abundance is hemicellulose, which is around 20% in deciduous trees but near 30% in conifers. It is mainly five-carbon sugars that are linked in an irregular manner, in ...
56fa43e9f34c681400b0c043
What component of wood determines whether it is hardwood or softwood?
lignin
[ "Wood\n\nIn chemical terms, the difference between hardwood and softwood is reflected in the composition of the constituent lignin. Hardwood lignin is primarily derived from sinapyl alcohol and coniferyl alcohol. Softwood lignin is mainly derived from coniferyl alcohol." ]
56fa43e9f34c681400b0c044
Which wood has lignin that comes primarily from one type of alcohol?
Softwood
[ "Wood\n\nIn chemical terms, the difference between hardwood and softwood is reflected in the composition of the constituent lignin. Hardwood lignin is primarily derived from sinapyl alcohol and coniferyl alcohol. Softwood lignin is mainly derived from coniferyl alcohol." ]
56fa43e9f34c681400b0c045
Which type of alcohol mainly becomes softwood lignin?
coniferyl
[ "Wood\n\nIn chemical terms, the difference between hardwood and softwood is reflected in the composition of the constituent lignin. Hardwood lignin is primarily derived from sinapyl alcohol and coniferyl alcohol. Softwood lignin is mainly derived from coniferyl alcohol." ]
56fa43e9f34c681400b0c046
In addition to coniferyl alcohol, what other alcohol is in hardwood lignin?
sinapyl
[ "Wood\n\nIn chemical terms, the difference between hardwood and softwood is reflected in the composition of the constituent lignin. Hardwood lignin is primarily derived from sinapyl alcohol and coniferyl alcohol. Softwood lignin is mainly derived from coniferyl alcohol." ]
56fa43e9f34c681400b0c047
Which kind of wood contains lignin derived from two main alcohol sources?
Hardwood
[ "Wood\n\nIn chemical terms, the difference between hardwood and softwood is reflected in the composition of the constituent lignin. Hardwood lignin is primarily derived from sinapyl alcohol and coniferyl alcohol. Softwood lignin is mainly derived from coniferyl alcohol." ]
56fa455af34c681400b0c04d
What's the name for the low molecular weight organic compounds in wood?
extractives
[ "Wood\n\nAside from the lignocellulose, wood consists of a variety of low molecular weight organic compounds, called extractives. The wood extractives are fatty acids, resin acids, waxes and terpenes. For example, rosin is exuded by conifers as protection from insects. The extraction of these organic materials from...
56fa455af34c681400b0c04e
Along with fatty acids, what kind of acids are in the extractives in wood?
resin
[ "Wood\n\nAside from the lignocellulose, wood consists of a variety of low molecular weight organic compounds, called extractives. The wood extractives are fatty acids, resin acids, waxes and terpenes. For example, rosin is exuded by conifers as protection from insects. The extraction of these organic materials from...
56fa455af34c681400b0c04f
Wood extractives include resin and fatty acids, terpenes, and what other component?
waxes
[ "Wood\n\nAside from the lignocellulose, wood consists of a variety of low molecular weight organic compounds, called extractives. The wood extractives are fatty acids, resin acids, waxes and terpenes. For example, rosin is exuded by conifers as protection from insects. The extraction of these organic materials from...
56fa455af34c681400b0c050
What do conifers use rosin to protect themselves from?
insects
[ "Wood\n\nAside from the lignocellulose, wood consists of a variety of low molecular weight organic compounds, called extractives. The wood extractives are fatty acids, resin acids, waxes and terpenes. For example, rosin is exuded by conifers as protection from insects. The extraction of these organic materials from...
56fa455af34c681400b0c051
Along with tall oil and rosin, what commercial product do we get from wood's extractives?
turpentine
[ "Wood\n\nAside from the lignocellulose, wood consists of a variety of low molecular weight organic compounds, called extractives. The wood extractives are fatty acids, resin acids, waxes and terpenes. For example, rosin is exuded by conifers as protection from insects. The extraction of these organic materials from...
56fa4690f34c681400b0c057
What type of wood is preferred as fuel?
Hardwood
[ "Wood\n\nWood has a long history of being used as fuel, which continues to this day, mostly in rural areas of the world. Hardwood is preferred over softwood because it creates less smoke and burns longer. Adding a woodstove or fireplace to a home is often felt to add ambiance and warmth." ]
56fa4690f34c681400b0c058
What type of wood burns quickly and makes more smoke than hardwood?
softwood
[ "Wood\n\nWood has a long history of being used as fuel, which continues to this day, mostly in rural areas of the world. Hardwood is preferred over softwood because it creates less smoke and burns longer. Adding a woodstove or fireplace to a home is often felt to add ambiance and warmth." ]
56fa4690f34c681400b0c059
What type of areas use more wood for fuel?
rural
[ "Wood\n\nWood has a long history of being used as fuel, which continues to this day, mostly in rural areas of the world. Hardwood is preferred over softwood because it creates less smoke and burns longer. Adding a woodstove or fireplace to a home is often felt to add ambiance and warmth." ]
56fa4690f34c681400b0c05a
What benefit besides the cozy atmosphere would a wood-burning fireplace add to a home?
warmth
[ "Wood\n\nWood has a long history of being used as fuel, which continues to this day, mostly in rural areas of the world. Hardwood is preferred over softwood because it creates less smoke and burns longer. Adding a woodstove or fireplace to a home is often felt to add ambiance and warmth." ]
56fa49f9f34c681400b0c05f
What wood is decay-resistant when wet?
Elm
[ "Wood\n\nWood has been an important construction material since humans began building shelters, houses and boats. Nearly all boats were made out of wood until the late 19th century, and wood remains in common use today in boat construction. Elm in particular was used for this purpose as it resisted decay as long as...
56fa49f9f34c681400b0c060
What plumbing component was once made out of elm?
water pipe
[ "Wood\n\nWood has been an important construction material since humans began building shelters, houses and boats. Nearly all boats were made out of wood until the late 19th century, and wood remains in common use today in boat construction. Elm in particular was used for this purpose as it resisted decay as long as...
56fa49f9f34c681400b0c061
Until the late 19th century, what vessels were almost always wooden?
boats
[ "Wood\n\nWood has been an important construction material since humans began building shelters, houses and boats. Nearly all boats were made out of wood until the late 19th century, and wood remains in common use today in boat construction. Elm in particular was used for this purpose as it resisted decay as long as...
56fa49f9f34c681400b0c062
What significant purpose has wood been used for as long as humans have built shelters?
construction material
[ "Wood\n\nWood has been an important construction material since humans began building shelters, houses and boats. Nearly all boats were made out of wood until the late 19th century, and wood remains in common use today in boat construction. Elm in particular was used for this purpose as it resisted decay as long as...
56fa49f9f34c681400b0c063
Other than boats, what do people often build with wood?
houses
[ "Wood\n\nWood has been an important construction material since humans began building shelters, houses and boats. Nearly all boats were made out of wood until the late 19th century, and wood remains in common use today in boat construction. Elm in particular was used for this purpose as it resisted decay as long as...
56fa4b89f34c681400b0c069
What term is used in North America for wood used in construction?
lumber
[ "Wood\n\nWood to be used for construction work is commonly known as lumber in North America. Elsewhere, lumber usually refers to felled trees, and the word for sawn planks ready for use is timber. In Medieval Europe oak was the wood of choice for all wood construction, including beams, walls, doors, and floors. Tod...
56fa4b89f34c681400b0c06a
Outside of North America, if someone said "lumber," to what would they be referring?
felled trees
[ "Wood\n\nWood to be used for construction work is commonly known as lumber in North America. Elsewhere, lumber usually refers to felled trees, and the word for sawn planks ready for use is timber. In Medieval Europe oak was the wood of choice for all wood construction, including beams, walls, doors, and floors. Tod...
56fa4b89f34c681400b0c06b
What do people outside of North America call the sawn boards used for building?
timber
[ "Wood\n\nWood to be used for construction work is commonly known as lumber in North America. Elsewhere, lumber usually refers to felled trees, and the word for sawn planks ready for use is timber. In Medieval Europe oak was the wood of choice for all wood construction, including beams, walls, doors, and floors. Tod...
56fa4b89f34c681400b0c06c
What was the preferred wood for construction in Medieval Europe?
oak
[ "Wood\n\nWood to be used for construction work is commonly known as lumber in North America. Elsewhere, lumber usually refers to felled trees, and the word for sawn planks ready for use is timber. In Medieval Europe oak was the wood of choice for all wood construction, including beams, walls, doors, and floors. Tod...
56fa4b89f34c681400b0c06d
For modern solid wood doors, what wood is often used in addition to small-knotted pine or poplar?
Douglas fir
[ "Wood\n\nWood to be used for construction work is commonly known as lumber in North America. Elsewhere, lumber usually refers to felled trees, and the word for sawn planks ready for use is timber. In Medieval Europe oak was the wood of choice for all wood construction, including beams, walls, doors, and floors. Tod...
56fa4d06f34c681400b0c073
What type of construction is often used now to build homes in much of the world?
timber-framed
[ "Wood\n\nNew domestic housing in many parts of the world today is commonly made from timber-framed construction. Engineered wood products are becoming a bigger part of the construction industry. They may be used in both residential and commercial buildings as structural and aesthetic materials." ]
56fa4d06f34c681400b0c074
In addition to residential applications, what type of buildings often have engineered wood components?
commercial
[ "Wood\n\nNew domestic housing in many parts of the world today is commonly made from timber-framed construction. Engineered wood products are becoming a bigger part of the construction industry. They may be used in both residential and commercial buildings as structural and aesthetic materials." ]
56fa4d06f34c681400b0c075
Along with decorative components, what type of building materials can be engineered from wood?
structural
[ "Wood\n\nNew domestic housing in many parts of the world today is commonly made from timber-framed construction. Engineered wood products are becoming a bigger part of the construction industry. They may be used in both residential and commercial buildings as structural and aesthetic materials." ]
56fa4d06f34c681400b0c076
What industry benefits greatly from engineered wood products?
construction
[ "Wood\n\nNew domestic housing in many parts of the world today is commonly made from timber-framed construction. Engineered wood products are becoming a bigger part of the construction industry. They may be used in both residential and commercial buildings as structural and aesthetic materials." ]
56fa4e5e8f12f31900630111
What might wood be used for in a building made from brick or other materials?
supporting material
[ "Wood\n\nIn buildings made of other materials, wood will still be found as a supporting material, especially in roof construction, in interior doors and their frames, and as exterior cladding." ]
56fa4e5e8f12f31900630112
What crucial part of a house is often constructed from wood?
roof
[ "Wood\n\nIn buildings made of other materials, wood will still be found as a supporting material, especially in roof construction, in interior doors and their frames, and as exterior cladding." ]
56fa4e5e8f12f31900630113
Wood might be used to construct what exterior component of a building?
cladding
[ "Wood\n\nIn buildings made of other materials, wood will still be found as a supporting material, especially in roof construction, in interior doors and their frames, and as exterior cladding." ]
56fa4e5e8f12f31900630114
Inside a building, what wooden things might you open to enter or leave rooms?
doors
[ "Wood\n\nIn buildings made of other materials, wood will still be found as a supporting material, especially in roof construction, in interior doors and their frames, and as exterior cladding." ]
56fa50008f12f31900630119
What holds together an engineered wood product?
glue
[ "Wood\n\nEngineered wood products, glued building products \"engineered\" for application-specific performance requirements, are often used in construction and industrial applications. Glued engineered wood products are manufactured by bonding together wood strands, veneers, lumber or other forms of wood fiber with...
56fa50008f12f3190063011a
Engineered wood products are often used in construction, but what other major type of applications do they have?
industrial
[ "Wood\n\nEngineered wood products, glued building products \"engineered\" for application-specific performance requirements, are often used in construction and industrial applications. Glued engineered wood products are manufactured by bonding together wood strands, veneers, lumber or other forms of wood fiber with...
56fa50008f12f3190063011b
What requirements do engineered wood products meet?
application-specific performance requirements
[ "Wood\n\nEngineered wood products, glued building products \"engineered\" for application-specific performance requirements, are often used in construction and industrial applications. Glued engineered wood products are manufactured by bonding together wood strands, veneers, lumber or other forms of wood fiber with...
56fa50008f12f3190063011c
What efficient type of unit does the process of "engineering" wood result in?
composite structural unit
[ "Wood\n\nEngineered wood products, glued building products \"engineered\" for application-specific performance requirements, are often used in construction and industrial applications. Glued engineered wood products are manufactured by bonding together wood strands, veneers, lumber or other forms of wood fiber with...
56fa50008f12f3190063011d
Wood fibers from wood strands, lumber, and what other source can be glued together to make larger units?
veneers
[ "Wood\n\nEngineered wood products, glued building products \"engineered\" for application-specific performance requirements, are often used in construction and industrial applications. Glued engineered wood products are manufactured by bonding together wood strands, veneers, lumber or other forms of wood fiber with...
56fa517b8f12f31900630123
What category do composite panels, strand board, and plywood all fit into?
wood structural panels
[ "Wood\n\nThese products include glued laminated timber (glulam), wood structural panels (including plywood, oriented strand board and composite panels), laminated veneer lumber (LVL) and other structural composite lumber (SCL) products, parallel strand lumber, and I-joists. Approximately 100 million cubic meters of...
56fa517b8f12f31900630124
What's another word for glued laminated timber?
glulam
[ "Wood\n\nThese products include glued laminated timber (glulam), wood structural panels (including plywood, oriented strand board and composite panels), laminated veneer lumber (LVL) and other structural composite lumber (SCL) products, parallel strand lumber, and I-joists. Approximately 100 million cubic meters of...
56fa517b8f12f31900630125
What does LVL stand for?
laminated veneer lumber
[ "Wood\n\nThese products include glued laminated timber (glulam), wood structural panels (including plywood, oriented strand board and composite panels), laminated veneer lumber (LVL) and other structural composite lumber (SCL) products, parallel strand lumber, and I-joists. Approximately 100 million cubic meters of...
56fa517b8f12f31900630126
If current building trends continue, what material will be replaced by particle and fiber board?
plywood
[ "Wood\n\nThese products include glued laminated timber (glulam), wood structural panels (including plywood, oriented strand board and composite panels), laminated veneer lumber (LVL) and other structural composite lumber (SCL) products, parallel strand lumber, and I-joists. Approximately 100 million cubic meters of...
56fa517b8f12f31900630127
About how many cubic meters of wood was used in 1991 to make products like glulam, LVL, and structural composite lumber?
100 million
[ "Wood\n\nThese products include glued laminated timber (glulam), wood structural panels (including plywood, oriented strand board and composite panels), laminated veneer lumber (LVL) and other structural composite lumber (SCL) products, parallel strand lumber, and I-joists. Approximately 100 million cubic meters of...
56fa5330f34c681400b0c07b
What material results from chemically breaking down wood?
cellulose
[ "Wood\n\nWood unsuitable for construction in its native form may be broken down mechanically (into fibers or chips) or chemically (into cellulose) and used as a raw material for other building materials, such as engineered wood, as well as chipboard, hardboard, and medium-density fiberboard (MDF). Such wood derivat...
56fa5330f34c681400b0c07c
What's the abbreviation for medium-density fiberboard?
MDF
[ "Wood\n\nWood unsuitable for construction in its native form may be broken down mechanically (into fibers or chips) or chemically (into cellulose) and used as a raw material for other building materials, such as engineered wood, as well as chipboard, hardboard, and medium-density fiberboard (MDF). Such wood derivat...
56fa5330f34c681400b0c07d
How is wood broken down into chips and fibers?
mechanically
[ "Wood\n\nWood unsuitable for construction in its native form may be broken down mechanically (into fibers or chips) or chemically (into cellulose) and used as a raw material for other building materials, such as engineered wood, as well as chipboard, hardboard, and medium-density fiberboard (MDF). Such wood derivat...
56fa5330f34c681400b0c07e
What type of flooring can be made from wood derivatives?
laminate
[ "Wood\n\nWood unsuitable for construction in its native form may be broken down mechanically (into fibers or chips) or chemically (into cellulose) and used as a raw material for other building materials, such as engineered wood, as well as chipboard, hardboard, and medium-density fiberboard (MDF). Such wood derivat...
56fa5330f34c681400b0c07f
What widely-used product is almost always made of wood fibers?
paper
[ "Wood\n\nWood unsuitable for construction in its native form may be broken down mechanically (into fibers or chips) or chemically (into cellulose) and used as a raw material for other building materials, such as engineered wood, as well as chipboard, hardboard, and medium-density fiberboard (MDF). Such wood derivat...
56fa5493f34c681400b0c085
What category of products usually made from wood includes chairs?
furniture
[ "Wood\n\nWood has always been used extensively for furniture, such as chairs and beds. It is also used for tool handles and cutlery, such as chopsticks, toothpicks, and other utensils, like the wooden spoon." ]
56fa5493f34c681400b0c086
What wooden utensil could you stir a pot of soup with?
wooden spoon
[ "Wood\n\nWood has always been used extensively for furniture, such as chairs and beds. It is also used for tool handles and cutlery, such as chopsticks, toothpicks, and other utensils, like the wooden spoon." ]
56fa5493f34c681400b0c087
Which parts of tools are sometimes made out of wood?
handles
[ "Wood\n\nWood has always been used extensively for furniture, such as chairs and beds. It is also used for tool handles and cutlery, such as chopsticks, toothpicks, and other utensils, like the wooden spoon." ]
56fa5493f34c681400b0c088
What pieces of furniture that most people use every night can be made out of wood?
beds
[ "Wood\n\nWood has always been used extensively for furniture, such as chairs and beds. It is also used for tool handles and cutlery, such as chopsticks, toothpicks, and other utensils, like the wooden spoon." ]
56fa5493f34c681400b0c089
What special wooden utensils do many people use to eat Chinese takeout?
chopsticks
[ "Wood\n\nWood has always been used extensively for furniture, such as chairs and beds. It is also used for tool handles and cutlery, such as chopsticks, toothpicks, and other utensils, like the wooden spoon." ]
56fa56e5f34c681400b0c08f
What could we monitor electronically that could help inform new methods of wood protection?
Moisture content
[ "Wood\n\nFurther developments include new lignin glue applications, recyclable food packaging, rubber tire replacement applications, anti-bacterial medical agents, and high strength fabrics or composites. As scientists and engineers further learn and develop new techniques to extract various components from wood, o...
56fa56e5f34c681400b0c090
Development in the wood manufacturing industry include using lignin to make what substance?
glue
[ "Wood\n\nFurther developments include new lignin glue applications, recyclable food packaging, rubber tire replacement applications, anti-bacterial medical agents, and high strength fabrics or composites. As scientists and engineers further learn and develop new techniques to extract various components from wood, o...
56fa56e5f34c681400b0c091
Instead of rubber, what important part of a car might someday be replaced by components of wood?
tire
[ "Wood\n\nFurther developments include new lignin glue applications, recyclable food packaging, rubber tire replacement applications, anti-bacterial medical agents, and high strength fabrics or composites. As scientists and engineers further learn and develop new techniques to extract various components from wood, o...
56fa56e5f34c681400b0c092
What material might be developed from wood that could make clothes that resist wear and tear?
high strength fabrics
[ "Wood\n\nFurther developments include new lignin glue applications, recyclable food packaging, rubber tire replacement applications, anti-bacterial medical agents, and high strength fabrics or composites. As scientists and engineers further learn and develop new techniques to extract various components from wood, o...
56fa56e5f34c681400b0c093
In addition to extracting components from wood, what might scientist do by adding components, for example, to make innovative products?
modify wood
[ "Wood\n\nFurther developments include new lignin glue applications, recyclable food packaging, rubber tire replacement applications, anti-bacterial medical agents, and high strength fabrics or composites. As scientists and engineers further learn and develop new techniques to extract various components from wood, o...
56fa5855f34c681400b0c099
Along with sculptures, what type of art have people been making out of wood for centuries?
carvings
[ "Wood\n\nWood has long been used as an artistic medium. It has been used to make sculptures and carvings for millennia. Examples include the totem poles carved by North American indigenous people from conifer trunks, often Western Red Cedar (Thuja plicata), and the Millennium clock tower, now housed in the National...
56fa5855f34c681400b0c09a
What did indigenous people in North America make out of the trunks of conifers?
totem poles
[ "Wood\n\nWood has long been used as an artistic medium. It has been used to make sculptures and carvings for millennia. Examples include the totem poles carved by North American indigenous people from conifer trunks, often Western Red Cedar (Thuja plicata), and the Millennium clock tower, now housed in the National...
56fa5855f34c681400b0c09b
What type of tree was often used for totem poles?
Western Red Cedar
[ "Wood\n\nWood has long been used as an artistic medium. It has been used to make sculptures and carvings for millennia. Examples include the totem poles carved by North American indigenous people from conifer trunks, often Western Red Cedar (Thuja plicata), and the Millennium clock tower, now housed in the National...
56fa5855f34c681400b0c09c
What city in Scotland would you visit to see the Millennium clock tower?
Edinburgh
[ "Wood\n\nWood has long been used as an artistic medium. It has been used to make sculptures and carvings for millennia. Examples include the totem poles carved by North American indigenous people from conifer trunks, often Western Red Cedar (Thuja plicata), and the Millennium clock tower, now housed in the National...
56fa5855f34c681400b0c09d
What museum exhibits the Millennium clock tower?
National Museum of Scotland
[ "Wood\n\nWood has long been used as an artistic medium. It has been used to make sculptures and carvings for millennia. Examples include the totem poles carved by North American indigenous people from conifer trunks, often Western Red Cedar (Thuja plicata), and the Millennium clock tower, now housed in the National...
56fa59c2f34c681400b0c0a3
What kind of wood are clarinet bodies made from?
african blackwood
[ "Wood\n\nCertain types of musical instruments, such as those of the violin family, the guitar, the clarinet and recorder, the xylophone, and the marimba, are traditionally made mostly or entirely of wood. The choice of wood may make a significant difference to the tone and resonant qualities of the instrument, and ...
56fa59c2f34c681400b0c0a4
What expensive wood with a prized color is used to make the backs of violins?
ripple sycamore
[ "Wood\n\nCertain types of musical instruments, such as those of the violin family, the guitar, the clarinet and recorder, the xylophone, and the marimba, are traditionally made mostly or entirely of wood. The choice of wood may make a significant difference to the tone and resonant qualities of the instrument, and ...
56fa59c2f34c681400b0c0a5
What category of wood is often used for musical instruments?
tonewoods
[ "Wood\n\nCertain types of musical instruments, such as those of the violin family, the guitar, the clarinet and recorder, the xylophone, and the marimba, are traditionally made mostly or entirely of wood. The choice of wood may make a significant difference to the tone and resonant qualities of the instrument, and ...
56fa59c2f34c681400b0c0a6
What's the common name for Picea abies?
European spruce
[ "Wood\n\nCertain types of musical instruments, such as those of the violin family, the guitar, the clarinet and recorder, the xylophone, and the marimba, are traditionally made mostly or entirely of wood. The choice of wood may make a significant difference to the tone and resonant qualities of the instrument, and ...
56fa59c2f34c681400b0c0a7
Along with resonance, what property of an instrument will be affected by the wood used to make it?
tone
[ "Wood\n\nCertain types of musical instruments, such as those of the violin family, the guitar, the clarinet and recorder, the xylophone, and the marimba, are traditionally made mostly or entirely of wood. The choice of wood may make a significant difference to the tone and resonant qualities of the instrument, and ...
56fa5af68f12f3190063012d
What type of instruments with a misleading name aren't always made completely out of wood?
woodwind instruments
[ "Wood\n\nDespite their collective name, not all woodwind instruments are made entirely of wood. The reeds used to play them, however, are usually made from Arundo donax, a type of monocot cane plant." ]
56fa5af68f12f3190063012e
What are woodwind instrument's reeds often made out of?
Arundo donax
[ "Wood\n\nDespite their collective name, not all woodwind instruments are made entirely of wood. The reeds used to play them, however, are usually made from Arundo donax, a type of monocot cane plant." ]
56fa5af68f12f3190063012f
Is the Arundo donax a monocot or dicot cane plant?
monocot
[ "Wood\n\nDespite their collective name, not all woodwind instruments are made entirely of wood. The reeds used to play them, however, are usually made from Arundo donax, a type of monocot cane plant." ]
56fa5af68f12f31900630130
What objects do musicians have to have in order to play woodwind instruments?
reeds
[ "Wood\n\nDespite their collective name, not all woodwind instruments are made entirely of wood. The reeds used to play them, however, are usually made from Arundo donax, a type of monocot cane plant." ]
56fa5c188f12f31900630135
What wood is usually used for cricket bats?
white willow
[ "Wood\n\nMany types of sports equipment are made of wood, or were constructed of wood in the past. For example, cricket bats are typically made of white willow. The baseball bats which are legal for use in Major League Baseball are frequently made of ash wood or hickory, and in recent years have been constructed fr...
56fa5c188f12f31900630136
Ash and hickory are often used for baseball bats to comply with the rules of what organization?
Major League Baseball
[ "Wood\n\nMany types of sports equipment are made of wood, or were constructed of wood in the past. For example, cricket bats are typically made of white willow. The baseball bats which are legal for use in Major League Baseball are frequently made of ash wood or hickory, and in recent years have been constructed fr...
56fa5c188f12f31900630137
What is commonly used for the basketball courts the NBA plays on?
parquetry
[ "Wood\n\nMany types of sports equipment are made of wood, or were constructed of wood in the past. For example, cricket bats are typically made of white willow. The baseball bats which are legal for use in Major League Baseball are frequently made of ash wood or hickory, and in recent years have been constructed fr...
56fa5c188f12f31900630138
What wood has recently started being used to make baseball bats in addition to hickory and ash?
maple
[ "Wood\n\nMany types of sports equipment are made of wood, or were constructed of wood in the past. For example, cricket bats are typically made of white willow. The baseball bats which are legal for use in Major League Baseball are frequently made of ash wood or hickory, and in recent years have been constructed fr...
56fa5c188f12f31900630139
Compared to hickory and ash, what adjective might be used for a maple baseball bat?
fragile
[ "Wood\n\nMany types of sports equipment are made of wood, or were constructed of wood in the past. For example, cricket bats are typically made of white willow. The baseball bats which are legal for use in Major League Baseball are frequently made of ash wood or hickory, and in recent years have been constructed fr...
56fa5e2df34c681400b0c0ad
What pieces of equipment for shooting arrows used to be wooden?
archery bows
[ "Wood\n\nMany other types of sports and recreation equipment, such as skis, ice hockey sticks, lacrosse sticks and archery bows, were commonly made of wood in the past, but have since been replaced with more modern materials such as aluminium, fiberglass, carbon fiber, titanium, and composite materials. One notewor...
56fa5e2df34c681400b0c0ae
Which pieces of ice hockey equipment were once made out of wood?
sticks
[ "Wood\n\nMany other types of sports and recreation equipment, such as skis, ice hockey sticks, lacrosse sticks and archery bows, were commonly made of wood in the past, but have since been replaced with more modern materials such as aluminium, fiberglass, carbon fiber, titanium, and composite materials. One notewor...
56fa5e2df34c681400b0c0af
When the golf club called the "wood" was actually made out of it, what type of wood was used?
persimmon
[ "Wood\n\nMany other types of sports and recreation equipment, such as skis, ice hockey sticks, lacrosse sticks and archery bows, were commonly made of wood in the past, but have since been replaced with more modern materials such as aluminium, fiberglass, carbon fiber, titanium, and composite materials. One notewor...
56fa5e2df34c681400b0c0b0
What is the golf club known as the "wood" usually made out of today?
synthetic materials
[ "Wood\n\nMany other types of sports and recreation equipment, such as skis, ice hockey sticks, lacrosse sticks and archery bows, were commonly made of wood in the past, but have since been replaced with more modern materials such as aluminium, fiberglass, carbon fiber, titanium, and composite materials. One notewor...
56fa5e2df34c681400b0c0b1
What other modern material has joined composites, carbon fiber, titanium, and aluminum to replace wood in the manufacture of sporting equipment?
fiberglass
[ "Wood\n\nMany other types of sports and recreation equipment, such as skis, ice hockey sticks, lacrosse sticks and archery bows, were commonly made of wood in the past, but have since been replaced with more modern materials such as aluminium, fiberglass, carbon fiber, titanium, and composite materials. One notewor...
56fa621f8f12f3190063013f
What component of wood is degraded by bacteria that scientists are still trying to learn about?
cellulose
[ "Wood\n\nLittle is known about the bacteria that degrade cellulose. Symbiotic bacteria in Xylophaga may play a role in the degradation of sunken wood; while bacteria such as Alphaproteobacteria, Flavobacteria, Actinobacteria, Clostridia, and Bacteroidetes have been detected in wood submerged over a year." ]
56fa621f8f12f31900630140
What type of bacteria are present in Xylophaga?
Symbiotic
[ "Wood\n\nLittle is known about the bacteria that degrade cellulose. Symbiotic bacteria in Xylophaga may play a role in the degradation of sunken wood; while bacteria such as Alphaproteobacteria, Flavobacteria, Actinobacteria, Clostridia, and Bacteroidetes have been detected in wood submerged over a year." ]
56fa621f8f12f31900630141
What type of wood is it possible the bacteria in Xylophaga help break down?
sunken
[ "Wood\n\nLittle is known about the bacteria that degrade cellulose. Symbiotic bacteria in Xylophaga may play a role in the degradation of sunken wood; while bacteria such as Alphaproteobacteria, Flavobacteria, Actinobacteria, Clostridia, and Bacteroidetes have been detected in wood submerged over a year." ]
56fa621f8f12f31900630142
How long was the wood submerged in water in the study that discovered the types of bacteria in it?
over a year
[ "Wood\n\nLittle is known about the bacteria that degrade cellulose. Symbiotic bacteria in Xylophaga may play a role in the degradation of sunken wood; while bacteria such as Alphaproteobacteria, Flavobacteria, Actinobacteria, Clostridia, and Bacteroidetes have been detected in wood submerged over a year." ]
56fa621f8f12f31900630143
What bacteria starting with the letter "F" were found in wood after it was underwater for more than a year?
Flavobacteria
[ "Wood\n\nLittle is known about the bacteria that degrade cellulose. Symbiotic bacteria in Xylophaga may play a role in the degradation of sunken wood; while bacteria such as Alphaproteobacteria, Flavobacteria, Actinobacteria, Clostridia, and Bacteroidetes have been detected in wood submerged over a year." ]
56f9f848f34c681400b0bf0b
What language family is Somali a part of?
Afro-Asiatic
[ "Somalis\n\nSomalis (Somali: Soomaali, Arabic: ุตูˆู…ุงู„โ€Ž) are an ethnic group inhabiting the Horn of Africa (Somali Peninsula). The overwhelming majority of Somalis speak the Somali language, which is part of the Cushitic branch of the Afro-Asiatic family. They are predominantly Sunni Muslim. Ethnic Somalis number aro...
56f9f848f34c681400b0bf0c
What part of the Afro-Asiatic language family is Somali a part of?
Cushitic
[ "Somalis\n\nSomalis (Somali: Soomaali, Arabic: ุตูˆู…ุงู„โ€Ž) are an ethnic group inhabiting the Horn of Africa (Somali Peninsula). The overwhelming majority of Somalis speak the Somali language, which is part of the Cushitic branch of the Afro-Asiatic family. They are predominantly Sunni Muslim. Ethnic Somalis number aro...
56f9f848f34c681400b0bf0d
What is the majority religion of Somalis?
Sunni Muslim
[ "Somalis\n\nSomalis (Somali: Soomaali, Arabic: ุตูˆู…ุงู„โ€Ž) are an ethnic group inhabiting the Horn of Africa (Somali Peninsula). The overwhelming majority of Somalis speak the Somali language, which is part of the Cushitic branch of the Afro-Asiatic family. They are predominantly Sunni Muslim. Ethnic Somalis number aro...
56f9f848f34c681400b0bf0e
How many people of Somali ethnicity live in Somalia?
12.3 million
[ "Somalis\n\nSomalis (Somali: Soomaali, Arabic: ุตูˆู…ุงู„โ€Ž) are an ethnic group inhabiting the Horn of Africa (Somali Peninsula). The overwhelming majority of Somalis speak the Somali language, which is part of the Cushitic branch of the Afro-Asiatic family. They are predominantly Sunni Muslim. Ethnic Somalis number aro...
56f9f848f34c681400b0bf0f
What country has the second largest Somali population?
Ethiopia
[ "Somalis\n\nSomalis (Somali: Soomaali, Arabic: ุตูˆู…ุงู„โ€Ž) are an ethnic group inhabiting the Horn of Africa (Somali Peninsula). The overwhelming majority of Somalis speak the Somali language, which is part of the Cushitic branch of the Afro-Asiatic family. They are predominantly Sunni Muslim. Ethnic Somalis number aro...