id
stringlengths
24
24
question
stringlengths
1
270
answer
stringlengths
1
239
documents
listlengths
1
1
5728f9abaf94a219006a9e93
Who was Yodo-dono the concubine of?
Toyotomi Hideyoshi
[ "Samurai\n\nThis does not mean that samurai women were always powerless. Powerful women both wisely and unwisely wielded power at various occasions. After Ashikaga Yoshimasa, 8th shogun of the Muromachi shogunate, lost interest in politics, his wife Hino Tomiko largely ruled in his place. Nene, wife of Toyotomi Hid...
5728fa232ca10214002dab62
In what period did Japanese women begin being more educated?
Tokugawa
[ "Samurai\n\nAs the Tokugawa period progressed more value became placed on education, and the education of females beginning at a young age became important to families and society as a whole. Marriage criteria began to weigh intelligence and education as desirable attributes in a wife, right along with physical att...
5728fa232ca10214002dab63
What were added to marriage criteria in the Tokugawa period?
intelligence and education as desirable attributes
[ "Samurai\n\nAs the Tokugawa period progressed more value became placed on education, and the education of females beginning at a young age became important to families and society as a whole. Marriage criteria began to weigh intelligence and education as desirable attributes in a wife, right along with physical att...
5728fa232ca10214002dab64
What types of advanced books did some Japanese women read?
philosophical and literary classics
[ "Samurai\n\nAs the Tokugawa period progressed more value became placed on education, and the education of females beginning at a young age became important to families and society as a whole. Marriage criteria began to weigh intelligence and education as desirable attributes in a wife, right along with physical att...
5728fa232ca10214002dab65
When had most samurai wives learned to read?
the end of the Tokugawa period
[ "Samurai\n\nAs the Tokugawa period progressed more value became placed on education, and the education of females beginning at a young age became important to families and society as a whole. Marriage criteria began to weigh intelligence and education as desirable attributes in a wife, right along with physical att...
5728fab36aef05140015492a
Who was the first Western samurai?
William Adams
[ "Samurai\n\nThe English sailor and adventurer William Adams (1564–1620) was the first Westerner to receive the dignity of samurai. The Shogun Tokugawa Ieyasu presented him with two swords representing the authority of a samurai, and decreed that William Adams the sailor was dead and that Anjin Miura (三浦按針), a samur...
5728fab36aef05140015492b
Who made William Adams a samurai?
Shogun Tokugawa Ieyasu
[ "Samurai\n\nThe English sailor and adventurer William Adams (1564–1620) was the first Westerner to receive the dignity of samurai. The Shogun Tokugawa Ieyasu presented him with two swords representing the authority of a samurai, and decreed that William Adams the sailor was dead and that Anjin Miura (三浦按針), a samur...
5728fab36aef05140015492c
What was William Adams's Japanese name?
Anjin Miura
[ "Samurai\n\nThe English sailor and adventurer William Adams (1564–1620) was the first Westerner to receive the dignity of samurai. The Shogun Tokugawa Ieyasu presented him with two swords representing the authority of a samurai, and decreed that William Adams the sailor was dead and that Anjin Miura (三浦按針), a samur...
5728fab36aef05140015492d
What did hatamoto mean?
bannerman
[ "Samurai\n\nThe English sailor and adventurer William Adams (1564–1620) was the first Westerner to receive the dignity of samurai. The Shogun Tokugawa Ieyasu presented him with two swords representing the authority of a samurai, and decreed that William Adams the sailor was dead and that Anjin Miura (三浦按針), a samur...
5728fab36aef05140015492e
How many servants did William Adams have?
eighty or ninety
[ "Samurai\n\nThe English sailor and adventurer William Adams (1564–1620) was the first Westerner to receive the dignity of samurai. The Shogun Tokugawa Ieyasu presented him with two swords representing the authority of a samurai, and decreed that William Adams the sailor was dead and that Anjin Miura (三浦按針), a samur...
5728fb0daf94a219006a9eb3
What nationality was Jan Joosten van Lodensteijn?
Dutch
[ "Samurai\n\nJan Joosten van Lodensteijn (1556?–1623?), a Dutch colleague of Adams' on their ill-fated voyage to Japan in the ship De Liefde, was also given similar privileges by Tokugawa Ieyasu. It appears Joosten became a samurai[citation needed] and was given a residence within Ieyasu's castle at Edo. Today, this...
5728fb0daf94a219006a9eb4
Around when was Jan Joosten van Lodensteijn born?
1556
[ "Samurai\n\nJan Joosten van Lodensteijn (1556?–1623?), a Dutch colleague of Adams' on their ill-fated voyage to Japan in the ship De Liefde, was also given similar privileges by Tokugawa Ieyasu. It appears Joosten became a samurai[citation needed] and was given a residence within Ieyasu's castle at Edo. Today, this...
5728fb0daf94a219006a9eb5
What was Jan Joosten van Lodensteijn's Japanese name?
Yayousu
[ "Samurai\n\nJan Joosten van Lodensteijn (1556?–1623?), a Dutch colleague of Adams' on their ill-fated voyage to Japan in the ship De Liefde, was also given similar privileges by Tokugawa Ieyasu. It appears Joosten became a samurai[citation needed] and was given a residence within Ieyasu's castle at Edo. Today, this...
5728fb0daf94a219006a9eb6
What permission allowed trade between Japan and Indo-China?
a Red Seal Ship
[ "Samurai\n\nJan Joosten van Lodensteijn (1556?–1623?), a Dutch colleague of Adams' on their ill-fated voyage to Japan in the ship De Liefde, was also given similar privileges by Tokugawa Ieyasu. It appears Joosten became a samurai[citation needed] and was given a residence within Ieyasu's castle at Edo. Today, this...
5728fb0daf94a219006a9eb7
How did Jan Joosten van Lodensteijn die?
drowned after his ship ran aground
[ "Samurai\n\nJan Joosten van Lodensteijn (1556?–1623?), a Dutch colleague of Adams' on their ill-fated voyage to Japan in the ship De Liefde, was also given similar privileges by Tokugawa Ieyasu. It appears Joosten became a samurai[citation needed] and was given a residence within Ieyasu's castle at Edo. Today, this...
5728fb8a6aef05140015493c
What nationality was Edward Schnell?
Prussian
[ "Samurai\n\nIn the same war, the Prussian Edward Schnell served the Aizu domain as a military instructor and procurer of weapons. He was granted the Japanese name Hiramatsu Buhei (平松武兵衛), which inverted the characters of the daimyo's name Matsudaira. Hiramatsu (Schnell) was given the right to wear swords, as well a...
5728fb8a6aef05140015493d
What duties did Edward Schnell have?
military instructor and procurer of weapons
[ "Samurai\n\nIn the same war, the Prussian Edward Schnell served the Aizu domain as a military instructor and procurer of weapons. He was granted the Japanese name Hiramatsu Buhei (平松武兵衛), which inverted the characters of the daimyo's name Matsudaira. Hiramatsu (Schnell) was given the right to wear swords, as well a...
5728fb8a6aef05140015493e
Who did Edward Schnell work for?
the Aizu domain
[ "Samurai\n\nIn the same war, the Prussian Edward Schnell served the Aizu domain as a military instructor and procurer of weapons. He was granted the Japanese name Hiramatsu Buhei (平松武兵衛), which inverted the characters of the daimyo's name Matsudaira. Hiramatsu (Schnell) was given the right to wear swords, as well a...
5728fb8a6aef05140015493f
What was Edward Schnell's Japanese name?
Hiramatsu Buhei
[ "Samurai\n\nIn the same war, the Prussian Edward Schnell served the Aizu domain as a military instructor and procurer of weapons. He was granted the Japanese name Hiramatsu Buhei (平松武兵衛), which inverted the characters of the daimyo's name Matsudaira. Hiramatsu (Schnell) was given the right to wear swords, as well a...
5728fb8a6aef051400154940
Where did Edward Schnell live?
Wakamatsu
[ "Samurai\n\nIn the same war, the Prussian Edward Schnell served the Aizu domain as a military instructor and procurer of weapons. He was granted the Japanese name Hiramatsu Buhei (平松武兵衛), which inverted the characters of the daimyo's name Matsudaira. Hiramatsu (Schnell) was given the right to wear swords, as well a...
5728fbf83f37b31900477f05
What type of armor did Japanese wear in the 7th century?
a form of lamellar armor
[ "Samurai\n\nAs far back as the seventh century Japanese warriors wore a form of lamellar armor, this armor eventually evolved into the armor worn by the samurai. The first types of Japanese armors identified as samurai armor were known as yoroi. These early samurai armors were made from small individual scales know...
5728fbf83f37b31900477f06
What was the first samurai armor called?
yoroi
[ "Samurai\n\nAs far back as the seventh century Japanese warriors wore a form of lamellar armor, this armor eventually evolved into the armor worn by the samurai. The first types of Japanese armors identified as samurai armor were known as yoroi. These early samurai armors were made from small individual scales know...
5728fbf83f37b31900477f07
What were the small scales in yoroi called?
kozane
[ "Samurai\n\nAs far back as the seventh century Japanese warriors wore a form of lamellar armor, this armor eventually evolved into the armor worn by the samurai. The first types of Japanese armors identified as samurai armor were known as yoroi. These early samurai armors were made from small individual scales know...
5728fbf83f37b31900477f08
What were kozane made of?
iron or leather
[ "Samurai\n\nAs far back as the seventh century Japanese warriors wore a form of lamellar armor, this armor eventually evolved into the armor worn by the samurai. The first types of Japanese armors identified as samurai armor were known as yoroi. These early samurai armors were made from small individual scales know...
5728fbf83f37b31900477f09
What was a full chest armor called?
dou
[ "Samurai\n\nAs far back as the seventh century Japanese warriors wore a form of lamellar armor, this armor eventually evolved into the armor worn by the samurai. The first types of Japanese armors identified as samurai armor were known as yoroi. These early samurai armors were made from small individual scales know...
5728fc671d04691400778f07
Why were there armor changes in the 1500s?
the advent of firearms, new fighting tactics and the need for additional protection
[ "Samurai\n\nIn the 1500s a new type of armor started to become popular due to the advent of firearms, new fighting tactics and the need for additional protection. The kozane dou made from individual scales was replaced by plate armor. This new armor, which used iron plated dou (dō), was referred to as Tosei-gusoku,...
5728fc671d04691400778f08
What type of armor was replaced?
kozane dou
[ "Samurai\n\nIn the 1500s a new type of armor started to become popular due to the advent of firearms, new fighting tactics and the need for additional protection. The kozane dou made from individual scales was replaced by plate armor. This new armor, which used iron plated dou (dō), was referred to as Tosei-gusoku,...
5728fc671d04691400778f09
What new type of armor replaced the old?
plate armor
[ "Samurai\n\nIn the 1500s a new type of armor started to become popular due to the advent of firearms, new fighting tactics and the need for additional protection. The kozane dou made from individual scales was replaced by plate armor. This new armor, which used iron plated dou (dō), was referred to as Tosei-gusoku,...
5728fc671d04691400778f0a
What was the new armor called?
Tosei-gusoku
[ "Samurai\n\nIn the 1500s a new type of armor started to become popular due to the advent of firearms, new fighting tactics and the need for additional protection. The kozane dou made from individual scales was replaced by plate armor. This new armor, which used iron plated dou (dō), was referred to as Tosei-gusoku,...
5728fc671d04691400778f0b
When was samurai armor last used?
1877
[ "Samurai\n\nIn the 1500s a new type of armor started to become popular due to the advent of firearms, new fighting tactics and the need for additional protection. The kozane dou made from individual scales was replaced by plate armor. This new armor, which used iron plated dou (dō), was referred to as Tosei-gusoku,...
5728fce01d04691400778f1b
What did 'samurai' mean at first?
those who serve in close attendance to nobility
[ "Samurai\n\nThe term samurai originally meant \"those who serve in close attendance to nobility\", and was written with a Chinese character (or kanji) that had the same meaning. In Japanese, it was originally recorded in the Nara Period as a verb *samorapu (\"to watch, to keep watch, to observe, to be on the lookou...
5728fce01d04691400778f1c
What did 'samorapu' mean?
to watch, to keep watch, to observe, to be on the lookout for something; to serve, to attend
[ "Samurai\n\nThe term samurai originally meant \"those who serve in close attendance to nobility\", and was written with a Chinese character (or kanji) that had the same meaning. In Japanese, it was originally recorded in the Nara Period as a verb *samorapu (\"to watch, to keep watch, to observe, to be on the lookou...
5728fce01d04691400778f1d
What did 'saburahu' mean?
to serve, to attend
[ "Samurai\n\nThe term samurai originally meant \"those who serve in close attendance to nobility\", and was written with a Chinese character (or kanji) that had the same meaning. In Japanese, it was originally recorded in the Nara Period as a verb *samorapu (\"to watch, to keep watch, to observe, to be on the lookou...
5728fce01d04691400778f1e
What did 'saburahi' mean?
servant, attendant
[ "Samurai\n\nThe term samurai originally meant \"those who serve in close attendance to nobility\", and was written with a Chinese character (or kanji) that had the same meaning. In Japanese, it was originally recorded in the Nara Period as a verb *samorapu (\"to watch, to keep watch, to observe, to be on the lookou...
5728fce01d04691400778f1f
When was the word 'samurahi' used?
the Edo period
[ "Samurai\n\nThe term samurai originally meant \"those who serve in close attendance to nobility\", and was written with a Chinese character (or kanji) that had the same meaning. In Japanese, it was originally recorded in the Nara Period as a verb *samorapu (\"to watch, to keep watch, to observe, to be on the lookou...
5728fd38af94a219006a9edb
Who were the bushi class?
ancient Japanese soldiers from traditional warrior families
[ "Samurai\n\nBushi was the name given to the ancient Japanese soldiers from traditional warrior families. The bushi class was developed mainly in the north of Japan. They formed powerful clans, which in the 12th century were against the noble families who were grouping themselves to support the imperial family who l...
5728fd38af94a219006a9edc
Where did the bushi live?
mainly in the north of Japan
[ "Samurai\n\nBushi was the name given to the ancient Japanese soldiers from traditional warrior families. The bushi class was developed mainly in the north of Japan. They formed powerful clans, which in the 12th century were against the noble families who were grouping themselves to support the imperial family who l...
5728fd38af94a219006a9edd
Where did the imperial family live?
Kyoto
[ "Samurai\n\nBushi was the name given to the ancient Japanese soldiers from traditional warrior families. The bushi class was developed mainly in the north of Japan. They formed powerful clans, which in the 12th century were against the noble families who were grouping themselves to support the imperial family who l...
5728fd38af94a219006a9ede
What does Bushido mean?
the "way of the warrior"
[ "Samurai\n\nBushi was the name given to the ancient Japanese soldiers from traditional warrior families. The bushi class was developed mainly in the north of Japan. They formed powerful clans, which in the 12th century were against the noble families who were grouping themselves to support the imperial family who l...
5728fd38af94a219006a9edf
What was a bukeyashiki?
the mansion of a warrior
[ "Samurai\n\nBushi was the name given to the ancient Japanese soldiers from traditional warrior families. The bushi class was developed mainly in the north of Japan. They formed powerful clans, which in the 12th century were against the noble families who were grouping themselves to support the imperial family who l...
5728fd971d04691400778f25
What was a synonym for seppuku?
hara kiri
[ "Samurai\n\nMost samurai were bound by a code of honor and were expected to set an example for those below them. A notable part of their code is seppuku (切腹, seppuku?) or hara kiri, which allowed a disgraced samurai to regain his honor by passing into death, where samurai were still beholden to social rules. Whilst...
5728fd971d04691400778f26
What was the reason for seppuku?
allowed a disgraced samurai to regain his honor by passing into death
[ "Samurai\n\nMost samurai were bound by a code of honor and were expected to set an example for those below them. A notable part of their code is seppuku (切腹, seppuku?) or hara kiri, which allowed a disgraced samurai to regain his honor by passing into death, where samurai were still beholden to social rules. Whilst...
5728fd971d04691400778f27
How idealistic were samurai?
as practical on the battlefield as were any other warrior
[ "Samurai\n\nMost samurai were bound by a code of honor and were expected to set an example for those below them. A notable part of their code is seppuku (切腹, seppuku?) or hara kiri, which allowed a disgraced samurai to regain his honor by passing into death, where samurai were still beholden to social rules. Whilst...
5728fd971d04691400778f28
How were samurai unrealistically portrayed?
romanticized
[ "Samurai\n\nMost samurai were bound by a code of honor and were expected to set an example for those below them. A notable part of their code is seppuku (切腹, seppuku?) or hara kiri, which allowed a disgraced samurai to regain his honor by passing into death, where samurai were still beholden to social rules. Whilst...
5728fdf9af94a219006a9ee5
Who was an example of a disloyal samurai?
Akechi Mitsuhide
[ "Samurai\n\nDespite the rampant romanticism of the 20th century, samurai could be disloyal and treacherous (e.g., Akechi Mitsuhide), cowardly, brave, or overly loyal (e.g., Kusunoki Masashige). Samurai were usually loyal to their immediate superiors, who in turn allied themselves with higher lords. These loyalties ...
5728fdf9af94a219006a9ee6
Who was an example of an excessively loyal samurai?
Kusunoki Masashige)
[ "Samurai\n\nDespite the rampant romanticism of the 20th century, samurai could be disloyal and treacherous (e.g., Akechi Mitsuhide), cowardly, brave, or overly loyal (e.g., Kusunoki Masashige). Samurai were usually loyal to their immediate superiors, who in turn allied themselves with higher lords. These loyalties ...
5728fdf9af94a219006a9ee7
Some feudal lords shifted loyalties from Toyotomi to whom?
Tokugawa
[ "Samurai\n\nDespite the rampant romanticism of the 20th century, samurai could be disloyal and treacherous (e.g., Akechi Mitsuhide), cowardly, brave, or overly loyal (e.g., Kusunoki Masashige). Samurai were usually loyal to their immediate superiors, who in turn allied themselves with higher lords. These loyalties ...
5728fdf9af94a219006a9ee8
What sometimes overrode samurais' loyalty to the daimyo?
loyalty to the Emperor was seen to have supremacy
[ "Samurai\n\nDespite the rampant romanticism of the 20th century, samurai could be disloyal and treacherous (e.g., Akechi Mitsuhide), cowardly, brave, or overly loyal (e.g., Kusunoki Masashige). Samurai were usually loyal to their immediate superiors, who in turn allied themselves with higher lords. These loyalties ...
5728fe6d3f37b31900477f41
What is Jidaigeki?
historical drama
[ "Samurai\n\nJidaigeki (literally historical drama) has always been a staple program on Japanese movies and television. The programs typically feature a samurai. Samurai films and westerns share a number of similarities and the two have influenced each other over the years. One of Japan’s most renowned directors, Ak...
5728fe6d3f37b31900477f42
Who is Akira Kurosawa?
One of Japan’s most renowned directors
[ "Samurai\n\nJidaigeki (literally historical drama) has always been a staple program on Japanese movies and television. The programs typically feature a samurai. Samurai films and westerns share a number of similarities and the two have influenced each other over the years. One of Japan’s most renowned directors, Ak...
5728fe6d3f37b31900477f43
Who directed 'Seven Samurai'?
Akira Kurosawa
[ "Samurai\n\nJidaigeki (literally historical drama) has always been a staple program on Japanese movies and television. The programs typically feature a samurai. Samurai films and westerns share a number of similarities and the two have influenced each other over the years. One of Japan’s most renowned directors, Ak...
5728fe6d3f37b31900477f44
What Japanese movie is 'Star Wars: A New Hope' said to be similar to?
Seven Samurai
[ "Samurai\n\nJidaigeki (literally historical drama) has always been a staple program on Japanese movies and television. The programs typically feature a samurai. Samurai films and westerns share a number of similarities and the two have influenced each other over the years. One of Japan’s most renowned directors, Ak...
5728fe6d3f37b31900477f45
What western was inspired by 'Seven Samurai'?
The Magnificent Seven
[ "Samurai\n\nJidaigeki (literally historical drama) has always been a staple program on Japanese movies and television. The programs typically feature a samurai. Samurai films and westerns share a number of similarities and the two have influenced each other over the years. One of Japan’s most renowned directors, Ak...
5728ff866aef05140015495c
Who is Eiji Yoshikawa?
one of the most famous Japanese historical novelists
[ "Samurai\n\nMost common are historical works where the protagonist is either a samurai or former samurai (or another rank or position) who possesses considerable martial skill. Eiji Yoshikawa is one of the most famous Japanese historical novelists. His retellings of popular works, including Taiko, Musashi and Heike...
5728ff866aef05140015495d
Why are Eiji Yoshikawa's books popular?
for their epic narratives and rich realism in depicting samurai and warrior culture
[ "Samurai\n\nMost common are historical works where the protagonist is either a samurai or former samurai (or another rank or position) who possesses considerable martial skill. Eiji Yoshikawa is one of the most famous Japanese historical novelists. His retellings of popular works, including Taiko, Musashi and Heike...
5728ff866aef05140015495e
What are Japanese comic books called?
manga
[ "Samurai\n\nMost common are historical works where the protagonist is either a samurai or former samurai (or another rank or position) who possesses considerable martial skill. Eiji Yoshikawa is one of the most famous Japanese historical novelists. His retellings of popular works, including Taiko, Musashi and Heike...
5728ff866aef05140015495f
What are Japanese animation called?
anime
[ "Samurai\n\nMost common are historical works where the protagonist is either a samurai or former samurai (or another rank or position) who possesses considerable martial skill. Eiji Yoshikawa is one of the most famous Japanese historical novelists. His retellings of popular works, including Taiko, Musashi and Heike...
5728ffd73f37b31900477f4b
Who said America hyperbolizes the samurai?
Moscardi, N.D.
[ "Samurai\n\nJust in the last two decades,[when?] samurai have become more popular in America. “Hyperbolizing the samurai in such a way that they appear as a whole to be a loyal body of master warriors provides international interest in certain characters due to admirable traits” (Moscardi, N.D.). Through various me...
5728ffd73f37b31900477f4c
What kind of animation did Afro Samurai have?
hack-and-slash
[ "Samurai\n\nJust in the last two decades,[when?] samurai have become more popular in America. “Hyperbolizing the samurai in such a way that they appear as a whole to be a loyal body of master warriors provides international interest in certain characters due to admirable traits” (Moscardi, N.D.). Through various me...
5728ffd73f37b31900477f4d
What kind of music did Afro Samurai have?
gritty urban
[ "Samurai\n\nJust in the last two decades,[when?] samurai have become more popular in America. “Hyperbolizing the samurai in such a way that they appear as a whole to be a loyal body of master warriors provides international interest in certain characters due to admirable traits” (Moscardi, N.D.). Through various me...
572900303f37b31900477f51
Who created Afro Samurai?
Takashi Okazaki
[ "Samurai\n\nCreated by Takashi Okazaki, Afro Samurai was initially a doujinshi, or manga series, which was then made into an animated series by Studio Gonzo. In 2007 the animated series debuted on American cable television on the Spike TV channel (Denison, 2010). The series was produced for American viewers which “...
572900303f37b31900477f52
Who made Afro Samurai into an animated TV show?
Studio Gonzo
[ "Samurai\n\nCreated by Takashi Okazaki, Afro Samurai was initially a doujinshi, or manga series, which was then made into an animated series by Studio Gonzo. In 2007 the animated series debuted on American cable television on the Spike TV channel (Denison, 2010). The series was produced for American viewers which “...
572900303f37b31900477f53
When did Afro Samurai first air?
2007
[ "Samurai\n\nCreated by Takashi Okazaki, Afro Samurai was initially a doujinshi, or manga series, which was then made into an animated series by Studio Gonzo. In 2007 the animated series debuted on American cable television on the Spike TV channel (Denison, 2010). The series was produced for American viewers which “...
572900303f37b31900477f54
On what channel did Afro Samurai air?
Spike TV
[ "Samurai\n\nCreated by Takashi Okazaki, Afro Samurai was initially a doujinshi, or manga series, which was then made into an animated series by Studio Gonzo. In 2007 the animated series debuted on American cable television on the Spike TV channel (Denison, 2010). The series was produced for American viewers which “...
572900303f37b31900477f55
Who was the star voice actor of Afro Samurai?
Samuel L. Jackson
[ "Samurai\n\nCreated by Takashi Okazaki, Afro Samurai was initially a doujinshi, or manga series, which was then made into an animated series by Studio Gonzo. In 2007 the animated series debuted on American cable television on the Spike TV channel (Denison, 2010). The series was produced for American viewers which “...
5729009aaf94a219006a9f0d
In what company's comics did Silver Samurai appear?
Marvel
[ "Samurai\n\nAmerican comic books have adopted the character type for stories of their own like the mutant-villain Silver Samurai of Marvel Comics. The design of this character preserves the samurai appearance; the villain is “Clad in traditional gleaming samurai armor and wielding an energy charged katana” (Buxton,...
5729009aaf94a219006a9f0e
What is Silver Samurai's weapon?
an energy charged katana
[ "Samurai\n\nAmerican comic books have adopted the character type for stories of their own like the mutant-villain Silver Samurai of Marvel Comics. The design of this character preserves the samurai appearance; the villain is “Clad in traditional gleaming samurai armor and wielding an energy charged katana” (Buxton,...
5729009aaf94a219006a9f0f
How many comic books has Silver Samurai appeared in?
over 350
[ "Samurai\n\nAmerican comic books have adopted the character type for stories of their own like the mutant-villain Silver Samurai of Marvel Comics. The design of this character preserves the samurai appearance; the villain is “Clad in traditional gleaming samurai armor and wielding an energy charged katana” (Buxton,...
5729009aaf94a219006a9f10
Who starred in The Last Samurai?
Tom Cruise
[ "Samurai\n\nAmerican comic books have adopted the character type for stories of their own like the mutant-villain Silver Samurai of Marvel Comics. The design of this character preserves the samurai appearance; the villain is “Clad in traditional gleaming samurai armor and wielding an energy charged katana” (Buxton,...
5729009aaf94a219006a9f11
Who did Tom Cruise play in The Last Samurai?
US Army Captain Nathan Algren
[ "Samurai\n\nAmerican comic books have adopted the character type for stories of their own like the mutant-villain Silver Samurai of Marvel Comics. The design of this character preserves the samurai appearance; the villain is “Clad in traditional gleaming samurai armor and wielding an energy charged katana” (Buxton,...
57290d3a6aef0514001549f6
What is the purpose of testing software?
finding software bugs
[ "Software_testing\n\nAs the number of possible tests for even simple software components is practically infinite, all software testing uses some strategy to select tests that are feasible for the available time and resources. As a result, software testing typically (but not exclusively) attempts to execute a progra...
57290d3a6aef0514001549f7
Why is it so difficult to locate bugs in software?
tests for even simple software components is practically infinite
[ "Software_testing\n\nAs the number of possible tests for even simple software components is practically infinite, all software testing uses some strategy to select tests that are feasible for the available time and resources. As a result, software testing typically (but not exclusively) attempts to execute a progra...
57290d3a6aef0514001549f8
What can come from one bug being fixed?
it can illuminate other, deeper bugs,
[ "Software_testing\n\nAs the number of possible tests for even simple software components is practically infinite, all software testing uses some strategy to select tests that are feasible for the available time and resources. As a result, software testing typically (but not exclusively) attempts to execute a progra...
57290ea56aef0514001549fc
What can testing not completely find?
all the defects
[ "Software_testing\n\nAlthough testing can determine the correctness of software under the assumption of some specific hypotheses (see hierarchy of testing difficulty below), testing cannot identify all the defects within software. Instead, it furnishes a criticism or comparison that compares the state and behavior ...
57290ea56aef0514001549fd
While looking for bugs, what else can testing do?
furnishes a criticism or comparison
[ "Software_testing\n\nAlthough testing can determine the correctness of software under the assumption of some specific hypotheses (see hierarchy of testing difficulty below), testing cannot identify all the defects within software. Instead, it furnishes a criticism or comparison that compares the state and behavior ...
57290ea56aef0514001549fe
What does the software compare during testing against?
oracles—principles or mechanisms
[ "Software_testing\n\nAlthough testing can determine the correctness of software under the assumption of some specific hypotheses (see hierarchy of testing difficulty below), testing cannot identify all the defects within software. Instead, it furnishes a criticism or comparison that compares the state and behavior ...
57290ea56aef0514001549ff
What make up the oracle during testing?
specifications, contracts, comparable products, past versions
[ "Software_testing\n\nAlthough testing can determine the correctness of software under the assumption of some specific hypotheses (see hierarchy of testing difficulty below), testing cannot identify all the defects within software. Instead, it furnishes a criticism or comparison that compares the state and behavior ...
572910176aef051400154a0e
What is the primamry reason for testing software?
to detect software failures
[ "Software_testing\n\nA primary purpose of testing is to detect software failures so that defects may be discovered and corrected. Testing cannot establish that a product functions properly under all conditions but can only establish that it does not function properly under specific conditions. The scope of software...
572910176aef051400154a0f
What can testing software not fully completely establish?
cannot establish that a product functions properly under all conditions
[ "Software_testing\n\nA primary purpose of testing is to detect software failures so that defects may be discovered and corrected. Testing cannot establish that a product functions properly under all conditions but can only establish that it does not function properly under specific conditions. The scope of software...
572910176aef051400154a10
What does the scope of testing the software also look at?
examination of code as well as execution of that code
[ "Software_testing\n\nA primary purpose of testing is to detect software failures so that defects may be discovered and corrected. Testing cannot establish that a product functions properly under all conditions but can only establish that it does not function properly under specific conditions. The scope of software...
572910176aef051400154a11
Which two teams would you normally separate when writing and testing software?
testing organization may be separate from the development team
[ "Software_testing\n\nA primary purpose of testing is to detect software failures so that defects may be discovered and corrected. Testing cannot establish that a product functions properly under all conditions but can only establish that it does not function properly under specific conditions. The scope of software...
572911636aef051400154a20
What is the first step that leads to a software failure?
programmer makes an error
[ "Software_testing\n\nSoftware faults occur through the following processes. A programmer makes an error (mistake), which results in a defect (fault, bug) in the software source code. If this defect is executed, in certain situations the system will produce wrong results, causing a failure. Not all defects will nece...
572911636aef051400154a21
What is the result of the programmer making a mistake?
defect (fault, bug)
[ "Software_testing\n\nSoftware faults occur through the following processes. A programmer makes an error (mistake), which results in a defect (fault, bug) in the software source code. If this defect is executed, in certain situations the system will produce wrong results, causing a failure. Not all defects will nece...
572911636aef051400154a22
When can software defects in dead code cause problems?
run on a new computer hardware platform
[ "Software_testing\n\nSoftware faults occur through the following processes. A programmer makes an error (mistake), which results in a defect (fault, bug) in the software source code. If this defect is executed, in certain situations the system will produce wrong results, causing a failure. Not all defects will nece...
5729134aaf94a219006aa031
What is the primary issue with running software testing?
testing under all combinations of inputs and preconditions (initial state) is not feasible
[ "Software_testing\n\nA fundamental problem with software testing is that testing under all combinations of inputs and preconditions (initial state) is not feasible, even with a simple product.:17-18 This means that the number of defects in a software product can be very large and defects that occur infrequently are...
5729134aaf94a219006aa032
What types of software bugs are difficult to find during testing?
defects that occur infrequently
[ "Software_testing\n\nA fundamental problem with software testing is that testing under all combinations of inputs and preconditions (initial state) is not feasible, even with a simple product.:17-18 This means that the number of defects in a software product can be very large and defects that occur infrequently are...
5729134aaf94a219006aa033
What other non-functional dimensions can cause software to underperform and cause other problems?
usability, scalability, performance, compatibility, reliability
[ "Software_testing\n\nA fundamental problem with software testing is that testing under all combinations of inputs and preconditions (initial state) is not feasible, even with a simple product.:17-18 This means that the number of defects in a software product can be very large and defects that occur infrequently are...
5729141f6aef051400154a3a
Although software developers are unable to test everything, what do they run to keep the testing to a minimum?
use combinatorial test design
[ "Software_testing\n\nSoftware developers can't test everything, but they can use combinatorial test design to identify the minimum number of tests needed to get the coverage they want. Combinatorial test design enables users to get greater test coverage with fewer tests. Whether they are looking for speed or test d...
5729141f6aef051400154a3b
What does the use of combinatorial testing consist of?
get greater test coverage with fewer tests
[ "Software_testing\n\nSoftware developers can't test everything, but they can use combinatorial test design to identify the minimum number of tests needed to get the coverage they want. Combinatorial test design enables users to get greater test coverage with fewer tests. Whether they are looking for speed or test d...
5729141f6aef051400154a3c
What two types of testing are involved with combinatorial testing as mentioned here?
speed or test depth
[ "Software_testing\n\nSoftware developers can't test everything, but they can use combinatorial test design to identify the minimum number of tests needed to get the coverage they want. Combinatorial test design enables users to get greater test coverage with fewer tests. Whether they are looking for speed or test d...
572914a26aef051400154a40
What determines the cost of fixing a bug?
the earlier a defect is found
[ "Software_testing\n\nIt is commonly believed that the earlier a defect is found, the cheaper it is to fix it. The following table shows the cost of fixing the defect depending on the stage it was found. For example, if a problem in the requirements is found only post-release, then it would cost 10–100 times more to...
572914a26aef051400154a41
Ho many more times would the cost be if the problem is found after the software's release?
10–100 times more
[ "Software_testing\n\nIt is commonly believed that the earlier a defect is found, the cheaper it is to fix it. The following table shows the cost of fixing the defect depending on the stage it was found. For example, if a problem in the requirements is found only post-release, then it would cost 10–100 times more to...
572914a26aef051400154a42
What could possibly lessen the cost of fixing buggy software?
cloud-based services
[ "Software_testing\n\nIt is commonly believed that the earlier a defect is found, the cheaper it is to fix it. The following table shows the cost of fixing the defect depending on the stage it was found. For example, if a problem in the requirements is found only post-release, then it would cost 10–100 times more to...
572915f36aef051400154a4e
Name three approaches software testers take when testing their software?
Reviews, walkthroughs, or inspections
[ "Software_testing\n\nThere are many approaches available in software testing. Reviews, walkthroughs, or inspections are referred to as static testing, whereas actually executing programmed code with a given set of test cases is referred to as dynamic testing. Static testing is often implicit, as proofreading, plus ...
572915f36aef051400154a4f
What is the term that is used to described executing programmed code with a given set of test?
dynamic testing
[ "Software_testing\n\nThere are many approaches available in software testing. Reviews, walkthroughs, or inspections are referred to as static testing, whereas actually executing programmed code with a given set of test cases is referred to as dynamic testing. Static testing is often implicit, as proofreading, plus ...
572915f36aef051400154a50
When can dynamic testing occur?
before the program is 100% complete
[ "Software_testing\n\nThere are many approaches available in software testing. Reviews, walkthroughs, or inspections are referred to as static testing, whereas actually executing programmed code with a given set of test cases is referred to as dynamic testing. Static testing is often implicit, as proofreading, plus ...
572915f36aef051400154a51
What are commonly used techniques during dynamic testing?
stubs/drivers or execution from a debugger environment
[ "Software_testing\n\nThere are many approaches available in software testing. Reviews, walkthroughs, or inspections are referred to as static testing, whereas actually executing programmed code with a given set of test cases is referred to as dynamic testing. Static testing is often implicit, as proofreading, plus ...
5729193baf94a219006aa06f
What is another term used for White-box testing?
clear box testing
[ "Software_testing\n\nWhite-box testing (also known as clear box testing, glass box testing, transparent box testing and structural testing, by seeing the source code) tests internal structures or workings of a program, as opposed to the functionality exposed to the end-user. In white-box testing an internal perspec...
5729193baf94a219006aa070
What is involved with White-box testing?
by seeing the source code
[ "Software_testing\n\nWhite-box testing (also known as clear box testing, glass box testing, transparent box testing and structural testing, by seeing the source code) tests internal structures or workings of a program, as opposed to the functionality exposed to the end-user. In white-box testing an internal perspec...
5729193baf94a219006aa071
Which two procedures are used to design test cases in White-box testing?
testing an internal perspective of the system, as well as programming skills
[ "Software_testing\n\nWhite-box testing (also known as clear box testing, glass box testing, transparent box testing and structural testing, by seeing the source code) tests internal structures or workings of a program, as opposed to the functionality exposed to the end-user. In white-box testing an internal perspec...