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572a4d0f1d046914007798ea | Why did the economics department turn down Hayek's employment? | sick of Hutchins' meddling | [
"Friedrich_Hayek\n\nIn 1950, Hayek left the London School of Economics for the University of Chicago, where he became a professor in the Committee on Social Thought. Hayek's salary was funded not by the university, but by an outside foundation. University of Chicago President Robert Hutchins was in the midst of a w... |
572a4d0f1d046914007798eb | What did Hayek serve on after his initial rejection? | Committee on Social Thought | [
"Friedrich_Hayek\n\nIn 1950, Hayek left the London School of Economics for the University of Chicago, where he became a professor in the Committee on Social Thought. Hayek's salary was funded not by the university, but by an outside foundation. University of Chicago President Robert Hutchins was in the midst of a w... |
572a56fbfed8de19000d5b99 | Which of Hayek's works had a profound influence on those at the University of Chicago? | The Road to Serfdom | [
"Friedrich_Hayek\n\nHayek had made contact with many at the U. of Chicago in the 1940s, with Hayek's The Road to Serfdom playing a seminal role in transforming how Milton Friedman and others understood how society works. Hayek conducted a number in influential faculty seminars while at the U. of Chicago, and a numb... |
572a56fbfed8de19000d5b9a | Who played a critical role in the formation of the Law and Society program? | Aaron Director | [
"Friedrich_Hayek\n\nHayek had made contact with many at the U. of Chicago in the 1940s, with Hayek's The Road to Serfdom playing a seminal role in transforming how Milton Friedman and others understood how society works. Hayek conducted a number in influential faculty seminars while at the U. of Chicago, and a numb... |
572a56fbfed8de19000d5b9b | What group did Hayek form with three other people? | Mont Pèlerin Society | [
"Friedrich_Hayek\n\nHayek had made contact with many at the U. of Chicago in the 1940s, with Hayek's The Road to Serfdom playing a seminal role in transforming how Milton Friedman and others understood how society works. Hayek conducted a number in influential faculty seminars while at the U. of Chicago, and a numb... |
572a56fbfed8de19000d5b9c | What was the group that Friedman and Hayek supported later renamed to? | Intercollegiate Studies Institute | [
"Friedrich_Hayek\n\nHayek had made contact with many at the U. of Chicago in the 1940s, with Hayek's The Road to Serfdom playing a seminal role in transforming how Milton Friedman and others understood how society works. Hayek conducted a number in influential faculty seminars while at the U. of Chicago, and a numb... |
572a589bb8ce0319002e2acb | What topic were Hayek's next two books going to cover? | the liberal order | [
"Friedrich_Hayek\n\nAfter editing a book on John Stuart Mill's letters he planned to publish two books on the liberal order, The Constitution of Liberty and \"The Creative Powers of a Free Civilization\" (eventually the title for the second chapter of The Constitution of Liberty). He completed The Constitution of L... |
572a589bb8ce0319002e2acc | Which of Hayek's books was not as well received as The Road to Serfdom? | The Constitution of Liberty | [
"Friedrich_Hayek\n\nAfter editing a book on John Stuart Mill's letters he planned to publish two books on the liberal order, The Constitution of Liberty and \"The Creative Powers of a Free Civilization\" (eventually the title for the second chapter of The Constitution of Liberty). He completed The Constitution of L... |
572a589bb8ce0319002e2acd | As of the release of his 1960 book, how long had it been since The Road to Serfdom was released? | sixteen years | [
"Friedrich_Hayek\n\nAfter editing a book on John Stuart Mill's letters he planned to publish two books on the liberal order, The Constitution of Liberty and \"The Creative Powers of a Free Civilization\" (eventually the title for the second chapter of The Constitution of Liberty). He completed The Constitution of L... |
572a589bb8ce0319002e2ace | What was the title of the his 1960 book's second chapter? | The Creative Powers of a Free Civilization | [
"Friedrich_Hayek\n\nAfter editing a book on John Stuart Mill's letters he planned to publish two books on the liberal order, The Constitution of Liberty and \"The Creative Powers of a Free Civilization\" (eventually the title for the second chapter of The Constitution of Liberty). He completed The Constitution of L... |
572a589bb8ce0319002e2acf | How did Hayek feel about the success of the book he released in 1960? | disappointed | [
"Friedrich_Hayek\n\nAfter editing a book on John Stuart Mill's letters he planned to publish two books on the liberal order, The Constitution of Liberty and \"The Creative Powers of a Free Civilization\" (eventually the title for the second chapter of The Constitution of Liberty). He completed The Constitution of L... |
572a5c54fed8de19000d5ba1 | What country did Hayek move to in 1962? | West Germany | [
"Friedrich_Hayek\n\nFrom 1962 until his retirement in 1968, he was a professor at the University of Freiburg, West Germany, where he began work on his next book, Law, Legislation and Liberty. Hayek regarded his years at Freiburg as \"very fruitful\". Following his retirement, Hayek spent a year as a visiting profes... |
572a5c54fed8de19000d5ba2 | What is the name of the book Hayek started upon his arrival in West Germany? | Law, Legislation and Liberty | [
"Friedrich_Hayek\n\nFrom 1962 until his retirement in 1968, he was a professor at the University of Freiburg, West Germany, where he began work on his next book, Law, Legislation and Liberty. Hayek regarded his years at Freiburg as \"very fruitful\". Following his retirement, Hayek spent a year as a visiting profes... |
572a5c54fed8de19000d5ba3 | Where did Hayek spend an entire year after his retirement? | University of California, Los Angeles | [
"Friedrich_Hayek\n\nFrom 1962 until his retirement in 1968, he was a professor at the University of Freiburg, West Germany, where he began work on his next book, Law, Legislation and Liberty. Hayek regarded his years at Freiburg as \"very fruitful\". Following his retirement, Hayek spent a year as a visiting profes... |
572a5c54fed8de19000d5ba4 | When was the final volume of Law, Legislation and Liberty released? | 1979 | [
"Friedrich_Hayek\n\nFrom 1962 until his retirement in 1968, he was a professor at the University of Freiburg, West Germany, where he began work on his next book, Law, Legislation and Liberty. Hayek regarded his years at Freiburg as \"very fruitful\". Following his retirement, Hayek spent a year as a visiting profes... |
572a5c54fed8de19000d5ba5 | During his time in Los Angeles, what was the topic of the seminars Hayek taught not related to his new book? | philosophy of social science | [
"Friedrich_Hayek\n\nFrom 1962 until his retirement in 1968, he was a professor at the University of Freiburg, West Germany, where he began work on his next book, Law, Legislation and Liberty. Hayek regarded his years at Freiburg as \"very fruitful\". Following his retirement, Hayek spent a year as a visiting profes... |
572a5db3b8ce0319002e2add | What political party was Margaret Thatcher the head of in 1975? | British Conservative Party | [
"Friedrich_Hayek\n\nIn February 1975, Margaret Thatcher was elected leader of the British Conservative Party. The Institute of Economic Affairs arranged a meeting between Hayek and Thatcher in London soon after. During Thatcher's only visit to the Conservative Research Department in the summer of 1975, a speaker ha... |
572a5db3b8ce0319002e2ade | Who did Thatcher meet with shortly after she was elected as the head of her party? | Hayek | [
"Friedrich_Hayek\n\nIn February 1975, Margaret Thatcher was elected leader of the British Conservative Party. The Institute of Economic Affairs arranged a meeting between Hayek and Thatcher in London soon after. During Thatcher's only visit to the Conservative Research Department in the summer of 1975, a speaker ha... |
572a5db3b8ce0319002e2adf | What path was suggested as the right one for Margaret Thatcher's party by a speaker? | the "middle way" | [
"Friedrich_Hayek\n\nIn February 1975, Margaret Thatcher was elected leader of the British Conservative Party. The Institute of Economic Affairs arranged a meeting between Hayek and Thatcher in London soon after. During Thatcher's only visit to the Conservative Research Department in the summer of 1975, a speaker ha... |
572a5db3b8ce0319002e2ae0 | Which of Hayek's works did Thatcher produce at the Conservative Research Department? | The Constitution of Liberty | [
"Friedrich_Hayek\n\nIn February 1975, Margaret Thatcher was elected leader of the British Conservative Party. The Institute of Economic Affairs arranged a meeting between Hayek and Thatcher in London soon after. During Thatcher's only visit to the Conservative Research Department in the summer of 1975, a speaker ha... |
572a5f107a1753140016aee8 | What was the name of the agreement Hayek criticized in 1977? | Lib-Lab pact | [
"Friedrich_Hayek\n\nIn 1977, Hayek was critical of the Lib-Lab pact, in which the British Liberal Party agreed to keep the British Labour government in office. Writing to The Times, Hayek said, \"May one who has devoted a large part of his life to the study of the history and the principles of liberalism point out ... |
572a5f107a1753140016aee9 | What did some Liberal politicians claim the pact was meant to do? | discourage socialist legislation | [
"Friedrich_Hayek\n\nIn 1977, Hayek was critical of the Lib-Lab pact, in which the British Liberal Party agreed to keep the British Labour government in office. Writing to The Times, Hayek said, \"May one who has devoted a large part of his life to the study of the history and the principles of liberalism point out ... |
572a5f107a1753140016aeea | The agreement Hayek criticized was between the British Labour government and which political party? | British Liberal Party | [
"Friedrich_Hayek\n\nIn 1977, Hayek was critical of the Lib-Lab pact, in which the British Liberal Party agreed to keep the British Labour government in office. Writing to The Times, Hayek said, \"May one who has devoted a large part of his life to the study of the history and the principles of liberalism point out ... |
572a5f107a1753140016aeeb | What did Hayek believe was lost in the continued empowerment of a socialist government? | all title to the name 'Liberal' | [
"Friedrich_Hayek\n\nIn 1977, Hayek was critical of the Lib-Lab pact, in which the British Liberal Party agreed to keep the British Labour government in office. Writing to The Times, Hayek said, \"May one who has devoted a large part of his life to the study of the history and the principles of liberalism point out ... |
572a6092fed8de19000d5bc3 | Which party was criticized for being less concerned about liberty and democracy? | the Conservative Party | [
"Friedrich_Hayek\n\nIn 1978, Hayek came into conflict with the Liberal Party leader, David Steel, who claimed that liberty was possible only with \"social justice and an equitable distribution of wealth and power, which in turn require a degree of active government intervention\" and that the Conservative Party wer... |
572a6092fed8de19000d5bc4 | With which political group was David Steel affiliated? | Liberal Party | [
"Friedrich_Hayek\n\nIn 1978, Hayek came into conflict with the Liberal Party leader, David Steel, who claimed that liberty was possible only with \"social justice and an equitable distribution of wealth and power, which in turn require a degree of active government intervention\" and that the Conservative Party wer... |
572a6092fed8de19000d5bc5 | Who disagreed with David Steel's statements in 1978 | Hayek | [
"Friedrich_Hayek\n\nIn 1978, Hayek came into conflict with the Liberal Party leader, David Steel, who claimed that liberty was possible only with \"social justice and an equitable distribution of wealth and power, which in turn require a degree of active government intervention\" and that the Conservative Party wer... |
572a6092fed8de19000d5bc6 | Which type of government was more favorable than others according to Hayek? | limited democracy | [
"Friedrich_Hayek\n\nIn 1978, Hayek came into conflict with the Liberal Party leader, David Steel, who claimed that liberty was possible only with \"social justice and an equitable distribution of wealth and power, which in turn require a degree of active government intervention\" and that the Conservative Party wer... |
572a6092fed8de19000d5bc7 | Hayek believed that which type of democracy was the worst of its alternatives? | unlimited | [
"Friedrich_Hayek\n\nIn 1978, Hayek came into conflict with the Liberal Party leader, David Steel, who claimed that liberty was possible only with \"social justice and an equitable distribution of wealth and power, which in turn require a degree of active government intervention\" and that the Conservative Party wer... |
572a61a3b8ce0319002e2af7 | What group was Hayek inducted into by the Queen of England? | Order of the Companions of Honour | [
"Friedrich_Hayek\n\nIn 1984, he was appointed as a member of the Order of the Companions of Honour (CH) by Queen Elizabeth II of the United Kingdom on the advice of the British Prime Minister Margaret Thatcher for his \"services to the study of economics\". Hayek had hoped to receive a baronetcy, and after he was a... |
572a61a3b8ce0319002e2af8 | Who suggest Hayek for the honor of joining the Order? | Margaret Thatcher | [
"Friedrich_Hayek\n\nIn 1984, he was appointed as a member of the Order of the Companions of Honour (CH) by Queen Elizabeth II of the United Kingdom on the advice of the British Prime Minister Margaret Thatcher for his \"services to the study of economics\". Hayek had hoped to receive a baronetcy, and after he was a... |
572a61a3b8ce0319002e2af9 | In 1984, what was Margaret Thatcher's position within the British government? | Prime Minister | [
"Friedrich_Hayek\n\nIn 1984, he was appointed as a member of the Order of the Companions of Honour (CH) by Queen Elizabeth II of the United Kingdom on the advice of the British Prime Minister Margaret Thatcher for his \"services to the study of economics\". Hayek had hoped to receive a baronetcy, and after he was a... |
572a61a3b8ce0319002e2afa | How did Hayek wish to be referred to after his 1984 award? | Frederick | [
"Friedrich_Hayek\n\nIn 1984, he was appointed as a member of the Order of the Companions of Honour (CH) by Queen Elizabeth II of the United Kingdom on the advice of the British Prime Minister Margaret Thatcher for his \"services to the study of economics\". Hayek had hoped to receive a baronetcy, and after he was a... |
572a61a3b8ce0319002e2afb | At the end of the same day Hayek met with the Queen of England, what did he say? | "I've just had the happiest day of my life." | [
"Friedrich_Hayek\n\nIn 1984, he was appointed as a member of the Order of the Companions of Honour (CH) by Queen Elizabeth II of the United Kingdom on the advice of the British Prime Minister Margaret Thatcher for his \"services to the study of economics\". Hayek had hoped to receive a baronetcy, and after he was a... |
572a630e7a1753140016aefa | What was the reason given for Hayek's 1991 award from the President? | a "lifetime of looking beyond the horizon" | [
"Friedrich_Hayek\n\nIn 1991, US President George H. W. Bush awarded Hayek the Presidential Medal of Freedom, one of the two highest civilian awards in the United States, for a \"lifetime of looking beyond the horizon\". Hayek died on 23 March 1992 in Freiburg, Germany, and was buried on 4 April in the Neustift am W... |
572a630e7a1753140016aefb | Which President presented the award to Hayek? | George H. W. Bush | [
"Friedrich_Hayek\n\nIn 1991, US President George H. W. Bush awarded Hayek the Presidential Medal of Freedom, one of the two highest civilian awards in the United States, for a \"lifetime of looking beyond the horizon\". Hayek died on 23 March 1992 in Freiburg, Germany, and was buried on 4 April in the Neustift am W... |
572a630e7a1753140016aefc | Where was Hayek when he died? | Freiburg, Germany | [
"Friedrich_Hayek\n\nIn 1991, US President George H. W. Bush awarded Hayek the Presidential Medal of Freedom, one of the two highest civilian awards in the United States, for a \"lifetime of looking beyond the horizon\". Hayek died on 23 March 1992 in Freiburg, Germany, and was buried on 4 April in the Neustift am W... |
572a630e7a1753140016aefd | Where was Hayek buried in relation to his home town of Vienna? | northern outskirts | [
"Friedrich_Hayek\n\nIn 1991, US President George H. W. Bush awarded Hayek the Presidential Medal of Freedom, one of the two highest civilian awards in the United States, for a \"lifetime of looking beyond the horizon\". Hayek died on 23 March 1992 in Freiburg, Germany, and was buried on 4 April in the Neustift am W... |
572a630e7a1753140016aefe | Where was The Use of Knowledge in Society published? | American Economic Review | [
"Friedrich_Hayek\n\nIn 1991, US President George H. W. Bush awarded Hayek the Presidential Medal of Freedom, one of the two highest civilian awards in the United States, for a \"lifetime of looking beyond the horizon\". Hayek died on 23 March 1992 in Freiburg, Germany, and was buried on 4 April in the Neustift am W... |
572a69b5b8ce0319002e2b27 | What is the name of Mises' 1912 book? | Theory of Money and Credit | [
"Friedrich_Hayek\n\nHayek's principal investigations in economics concerned capital, money, and the business cycle. Mises had earlier applied the concept of marginal utility to the value of money in his Theory of Money and Credit (1912), in which he also proposed an explanation for \"industrial fluctuations\" based... |
572a69b5b8ce0319002e2b28 | Hayek focused most of his economic works on the business cycle, money and what else? | capital | [
"Friedrich_Hayek\n\nHayek's principal investigations in economics concerned capital, money, and the business cycle. Mises had earlier applied the concept of marginal utility to the value of money in his Theory of Money and Credit (1912), in which he also proposed an explanation for \"industrial fluctuations\" based... |
572a69b5b8ce0319002e2b29 | What work did Hayek produce as a result of studying Mises' book? | Austrian Theory of the Business Cycle | [
"Friedrich_Hayek\n\nHayek's principal investigations in economics concerned capital, money, and the business cycle. Mises had earlier applied the concept of marginal utility to the value of money in his Theory of Money and Credit (1912), in which he also proposed an explanation for \"industrial fluctuations\" based... |
572a69b5b8ce0319002e2b2a | What is the English name for the book Hayek published in 1929? | Monetary Theory and the Trade Cycle | [
"Friedrich_Hayek\n\nHayek's principal investigations in economics concerned capital, money, and the business cycle. Mises had earlier applied the concept of marginal utility to the value of money in his Theory of Money and Credit (1912), in which he also proposed an explanation for \"industrial fluctuations\" based... |
572a69b5b8ce0319002e2b2b | According to Hayek, what was the cause of the banks' wrongful allocation of funds? | artificially low interest rates | [
"Friedrich_Hayek\n\nHayek's principal investigations in economics concerned capital, money, and the business cycle. Mises had earlier applied the concept of marginal utility to the value of money in his Theory of Money and Credit (1912), in which he also proposed an explanation for \"industrial fluctuations\" based... |
572a6b587a1753140016af2a | Lionel Robbins came to head which school in 1929? | London School of Economics | [
"Friedrich_Hayek\n\nIn 1929, Lionel Robbins assumed the helm of the London School of Economics (LSE). Eager to promote alternatives to what he regarded as the narrow approach of the school of economic thought that then dominated the English-speaking academic world (centred at the University of Cambridge and derivin... |
572a6b587a1753140016af2b | In regards to economics, Lionel Robbins believe English-speaking academics had what? | narrow approach | [
"Friedrich_Hayek\n\nIn 1929, Lionel Robbins assumed the helm of the London School of Economics (LSE). Eager to promote alternatives to what he regarded as the narrow approach of the school of economic thought that then dominated the English-speaking academic world (centred at the University of Cambridge and derivin... |
572a6b587a1753140016af2c | Which man's works were mostly the cause of the ''narrow approach''? | Alfred Marshall | [
"Friedrich_Hayek\n\nIn 1929, Lionel Robbins assumed the helm of the London School of Economics (LSE). Eager to promote alternatives to what he regarded as the narrow approach of the school of economic thought that then dominated the English-speaking academic world (centred at the University of Cambridge and derivin... |
572a6b587a1753140016af2d | Who was responsible for bringing on Hayek at the LSE? | Lionel Robbins | [
"Friedrich_Hayek\n\nIn 1929, Lionel Robbins assumed the helm of the London School of Economics (LSE). Eager to promote alternatives to what he regarded as the narrow approach of the school of economic thought that then dominated the English-speaking academic world (centred at the University of Cambridge and derivin... |
572a6b587a1753140016af2e | What did Nicholas Kaldor say Hayek brought to macroeconomics? | less "facile and superficial" understanding | [
"Friedrich_Hayek\n\nIn 1929, Lionel Robbins assumed the helm of the London School of Economics (LSE). Eager to promote alternatives to what he regarded as the narrow approach of the school of economic thought that then dominated the English-speaking academic world (centred at the University of Cambridge and derivin... |
572a6ceb7a1753140016af34 | Hayek's critical analysis of Keyne's work was published under what title? | Prices and Production | [
"Friedrich_Hayek\n\nAlso in 1931, Hayek critiqued Keynes's Treatise on Money (1930) in his \"Reflections on the pure theory of Mr. J. M. Keynes\" and published his lectures at the LSE in book form as Prices and Production. Unemployment and idle resources are, for Keynes, caused by a lack of effective demand; for Ha... |
572a6ceb7a1753140016af35 | Apart from easy money, what did Hayek believe unemployment was caused by? | artificially low interest rates | [
"Friedrich_Hayek\n\nAlso in 1931, Hayek critiqued Keynes's Treatise on Money (1930) in his \"Reflections on the pure theory of Mr. J. M. Keynes\" and published his lectures at the LSE in book form as Prices and Production. Unemployment and idle resources are, for Keynes, caused by a lack of effective demand; for Ha... |
572a6ceb7a1753140016af36 | Who did Keynes turn to for assistance in arguing his point to Hayek? | Piero Sraffa | [
"Friedrich_Hayek\n\nAlso in 1931, Hayek critiqued Keynes's Treatise on Money (1930) in his \"Reflections on the pure theory of Mr. J. M. Keynes\" and published his lectures at the LSE in book form as Prices and Production. Unemployment and idle resources are, for Keynes, caused by a lack of effective demand; for Ha... |
572a6ceb7a1753140016af37 | According to Nicholas Kaldor, what had Hayek's book created? | "a remarkable crop of critics" | [
"Friedrich_Hayek\n\nAlso in 1931, Hayek critiqued Keynes's Treatise on Money (1930) in his \"Reflections on the pure theory of Mr. J. M. Keynes\" and published his lectures at the LSE in book form as Prices and Production. Unemployment and idle resources are, for Keynes, caused by a lack of effective demand; for Ha... |
572a6eae7a1753140016af44 | What was the result of Hayek's Prices and Production? | works were largely ignored | [
"Friedrich_Hayek\n\nHayek continued his research on monetary and capital theory, revising his theories of the relations between credit cycles and capital structure in Profits, Interest and Investment (1939) and The Pure Theory of Capital (1941), but his reputation as an economic theorist had by then fallen so much ... |
572a6eae7a1753140016af45 | What is the name of the first book Hayek released to revise his stances from Prices and Production? | Profits, Interest and Investment | [
"Friedrich_Hayek\n\nHayek continued his research on monetary and capital theory, revising his theories of the relations between credit cycles and capital structure in Profits, Interest and Investment (1939) and The Pure Theory of Capital (1941), but his reputation as an economic theorist had by then fallen so much ... |
572a6eae7a1753140016af46 | Who was particularly critical of Hayek's work following Prices and Production? | Nicholas Kaldor | [
"Friedrich_Hayek\n\nHayek continued his research on monetary and capital theory, revising his theories of the relations between credit cycles and capital structure in Profits, Interest and Investment (1939) and The Pure Theory of Capital (1941), but his reputation as an economic theorist had by then fallen so much ... |
572a6eae7a1753140016af47 | Lionel Robbins' The Great Depression was a result of his support for what? | the Austrian theory of the business cycle | [
"Friedrich_Hayek\n\nHayek continued his research on monetary and capital theory, revising his theories of the relations between credit cycles and capital structure in Profits, Interest and Investment (1939) and The Pure Theory of Capital (1941), but his reputation as an economic theorist had by then fallen so much ... |
572a6eae7a1753140016af48 | Who did Keynes' arguments against the Austrian theory of the business cycle eventually influence? | Lionel Robbins | [
"Friedrich_Hayek\n\nHayek continued his research on monetary and capital theory, revising his theories of the relations between credit cycles and capital structure in Profits, Interest and Investment (1939) and The Pure Theory of Capital (1941), but his reputation as an economic theorist had by then fallen so much ... |
572a6fe47a1753140016af62 | What topic did Hayek never write a book about as he said he would? | the dynamics of capital | [
"Friedrich_Hayek\n\nHayek never produced the book-length treatment of \"the dynamics of capital\" that he had promised in the Pure Theory of Capital. After 1941, he continued to publish works on the economics of information, political philosophy, the theory of law, and psychology, but seldom on macroeconomics. At t... |
572a6fe47a1753140016af63 | What topic did Hayek shy away from following Pure Theory of Capital? | macroeconomics | [
"Friedrich_Hayek\n\nHayek never produced the book-length treatment of \"the dynamics of capital\" that he had promised in the Pure Theory of Capital. After 1941, he continued to publish works on the economics of information, political philosophy, the theory of law, and psychology, but seldom on macroeconomics. At t... |
572a6fe57a1753140016af64 | What did Gunnar Myrdal call Hayek? | an "ideologue" | [
"Friedrich_Hayek\n\nHayek never produced the book-length treatment of \"the dynamics of capital\" that he had promised in the Pure Theory of Capital. After 1941, he continued to publish works on the economics of information, political philosophy, the theory of law, and psychology, but seldom on macroeconomics. At t... |
572a6fe57a1753140016af65 | Which of Hayeks books did Milton Friedman praise most? | The Road to Serfdom | [
"Friedrich_Hayek\n\nHayek never produced the book-length treatment of \"the dynamics of capital\" that he had promised in the Pure Theory of Capital. After 1941, he continued to publish works on the economics of information, political philosophy, the theory of law, and psychology, but seldom on macroeconomics. At t... |
572a6fe57a1753140016af66 | Which whom did Hayek share a Nobel prize? | Gunnar Myrdal | [
"Friedrich_Hayek\n\nHayek never produced the book-length treatment of \"the dynamics of capital\" that he had promised in the Pure Theory of Capital. After 1941, he continued to publish works on the economics of information, political philosophy, the theory of law, and psychology, but seldom on macroeconomics. At t... |
572a714a7a1753140016af6c | What did Hayek claim those who must distribute resources would lack most? | enough information | [
"Friedrich_Hayek\n\nBuilding on the earlier work of Ludwig von Mises and others, Hayek also argued that while in centrally planned economies an individual or a select group of individuals must determine the distribution of resources, these planners will never have enough information to carry out this allocation rel... |
572a714a7a1753140016af6d | Whose work most notably influenced Hayek's argument regarding resource distribution? | Max Weber | [
"Friedrich_Hayek\n\nBuilding on the earlier work of Ludwig von Mises and others, Hayek also argued that while in centrally planned economies an individual or a select group of individuals must determine the distribution of resources, these planners will never have enough information to carry out this allocation rel... |
572a714a7a1753140016af6e | What is the one way Hayek argued that resource distribution could succeed? | through the price mechanism in free markets | [
"Friedrich_Hayek\n\nBuilding on the earlier work of Ludwig von Mises and others, Hayek also argued that while in centrally planned economies an individual or a select group of individuals must determine the distribution of resources, these planners will never have enough information to carry out this allocation rel... |
572a714a7a1753140016af6f | Other than Max Weber, who was a notable influence to Hayek's statements regarding resource distribution? | Ludwig von Mises | [
"Friedrich_Hayek\n\nBuilding on the earlier work of Ludwig von Mises and others, Hayek also argued that while in centrally planned economies an individual or a select group of individuals must determine the distribution of resources, these planners will never have enough information to carry out this allocation rel... |
572a72e474f2e11900503fad | What did some socialists bring up as a rebuttal to Hayek's resource distribution argument? | general equilibrium theory | [
"Friedrich_Hayek\n\nSome socialists such as H. D. Dickinson and Oskar Lange, responded by invoking general equilibrium theory, which they argued disproved Mises's thesis. They noted that the difference between a planned and a free market system lay in who was responsible for solving the equations. They argued, if s... |
572a72e474f2e11900503fae | What did socialists believe equilibrium theory invalidated? | Mises's thesis | [
"Friedrich_Hayek\n\nSome socialists such as H. D. Dickinson and Oskar Lange, responded by invoking general equilibrium theory, which they argued disproved Mises's thesis. They noted that the difference between a planned and a free market system lay in who was responsible for solving the equations. They argued, if s... |
572a72e474f2e11900503faf | According to those who argued against Hayek, what sets planned and free markets apart is what? | who was responsible for solving the equations | [
"Friedrich_Hayek\n\nSome socialists such as H. D. Dickinson and Oskar Lange, responded by invoking general equilibrium theory, which they argued disproved Mises's thesis. They noted that the difference between a planned and a free market system lay in who was responsible for solving the equations. They argued, if s... |
572a72e474f2e11900503fb0 | What type of economic system did the socialists want to avoid? | free market | [
"Friedrich_Hayek\n\nSome socialists such as H. D. Dickinson and Oskar Lange, responded by invoking general equilibrium theory, which they argued disproved Mises's thesis. They noted that the difference between a planned and a free market system lay in who was responsible for solving the equations. They argued, if s... |
572a75aa27b69114009ef5d8 | Which of Hayek's books argued against the socialist price mechanism? | The Use of Knowledge in Society | [
"Friedrich_Hayek\n\nIn The Use of Knowledge in Society (1945), Hayek argued that the price mechanism serves to share and synchronise local and personal knowledge, allowing society's members to achieve diverse, complicated ends through a principle of spontaneous self-organization. He contrasted the use of the price ... |
572a75aa27b69114009ef5d9 | Which type of economy did Hayek believe the price mechanism to be less effective with? | central planning | [
"Friedrich_Hayek\n\nIn The Use of Knowledge in Society (1945), Hayek argued that the price mechanism serves to share and synchronise local and personal knowledge, allowing society's members to achieve diverse, complicated ends through a principle of spontaneous self-organization. He contrasted the use of the price ... |
572a75aa27b69114009ef5da | The arguments presented in The Use of Knowledge in Society created an starting point for who? | Oliver Williamson | [
"Friedrich_Hayek\n\nIn The Use of Knowledge in Society (1945), Hayek argued that the price mechanism serves to share and synchronise local and personal knowledge, allowing society's members to achieve diverse, complicated ends through a principle of spontaneous self-organization. He contrasted the use of the price ... |
572a75aa27b69114009ef5db | The arguments presented in Hayek's 1945 book were a large reason for being granted what award? | the Nobel prize | [
"Friedrich_Hayek\n\nIn The Use of Knowledge in Society (1945), Hayek argued that the price mechanism serves to share and synchronise local and personal knowledge, allowing society's members to achieve diverse, complicated ends through a principle of spontaneous self-organization. He contrasted the use of the price ... |
572a76d27a1753140016afa4 | What was the name of the ideology Hayek criticized? | collectivism | [
"Friedrich_Hayek\n\nHayek was one of the leading academic critics of collectivism in the 20th century. Hayek argued that all forms of collectivism (even those theoretically based on voluntary co-operation) could only be maintained by a central authority of some kind. In Hayek's view, the central role of the state s... |
572a76d27a1753140016afa5 | How did Hayek believe collectivism could be maintained? | a central authority | [
"Friedrich_Hayek\n\nHayek was one of the leading academic critics of collectivism in the 20th century. Hayek argued that all forms of collectivism (even those theoretically based on voluntary co-operation) could only be maintained by a central authority of some kind. In Hayek's view, the central role of the state s... |
572a76d27a1753140016afa6 | According to Hayek, what is necessary for the implementation of a socialist economy? | central economic planning | [
"Friedrich_Hayek\n\nHayek was one of the leading academic critics of collectivism in the 20th century. Hayek argued that all forms of collectivism (even those theoretically based on voluntary co-operation) could only be maintained by a central authority of some kind. In Hayek's view, the central role of the state s... |
572a76d27a1753140016afa7 | Hayek believed the requirements for a socialist economy would lead to what? | totalitarianism | [
"Friedrich_Hayek\n\nHayek was one of the leading academic critics of collectivism in the 20th century. Hayek argued that all forms of collectivism (even those theoretically based on voluntary co-operation) could only be maintained by a central authority of some kind. In Hayek's view, the central role of the state s... |
572a76d27a1753140016afa8 | What did Hayek believe was the core responsibility of the state? | maintain the rule of law | [
"Friedrich_Hayek\n\nHayek was one of the leading academic critics of collectivism in the 20th century. Hayek argued that all forms of collectivism (even those theoretically based on voluntary co-operation) could only be maintained by a central authority of some kind. In Hayek's view, the central role of the state s... |
572a798abe1ee31400cb8021 | Hayek believed the state could aid the economy by doing what? | creating a "safety net" | [
"Friedrich_Hayek\n\nHayek also wrote that the state can play a role in the economy, and specifically, in creating a \"safety net\". He wrote, \"There is no reason why, in a society which has reached the general level of wealth ours has, the first kind of security should not be guaranteed to all without endangering ... |
572a798abe1ee31400cb8022 | Who did Hayek say economic security should be guaranteed to? | all | [
"Friedrich_Hayek\n\nHayek also wrote that the state can play a role in the economy, and specifically, in creating a \"safety net\". He wrote, \"There is no reason why, in a society which has reached the general level of wealth ours has, the first kind of security should not be guaranteed to all without endangering ... |
572a798abe1ee31400cb8023 | According to Hayek, clothing, food and shelter should be provided to what extent? | sufficient to preserve health | [
"Friedrich_Hayek\n\nHayek also wrote that the state can play a role in the economy, and specifically, in creating a \"safety net\". He wrote, \"There is no reason why, in a society which has reached the general level of wealth ours has, the first kind of security should not be guaranteed to all without endangering ... |
572a798abe1ee31400cb8024 | What sort of system did Hayek propose the government create? | social insurance | [
"Friedrich_Hayek\n\nHayek also wrote that the state can play a role in the economy, and specifically, in creating a \"safety net\". He wrote, \"There is no reason why, in a society which has reached the general level of wealth ours has, the first kind of security should not be guaranteed to all without endangering ... |
572a7af4111d821400f38b4c | In what economic field of study does Hayek's views differ from those in macroeconomics? | microeconomics | [
"Friedrich_Hayek\n\nHayek's work on the microeconomics of the choice theoretics of investment, non-permanent goods, potential permanent resources, and economically-adapted permanent resources mark a central dividing point between his work in areas of macroeconomics and that of almost all other economists. Hayek's w... |
572a7af4111d821400f38b4d | What is the term used to describe economists following Keynes school of thought? | "Marshallian" | [
"Friedrich_Hayek\n\nHayek's work on the microeconomics of the choice theoretics of investment, non-permanent goods, potential permanent resources, and economically-adapted permanent resources mark a central dividing point between his work in areas of macroeconomics and that of almost all other economists. Hayek's w... |
572a7af4111d821400f38b4e | Whose works inspire the term "Walrasian" in economics? | Abba Lerner | [
"Friedrich_Hayek\n\nHayek's work on the microeconomics of the choice theoretics of investment, non-permanent goods, potential permanent resources, and economically-adapted permanent resources mark a central dividing point between his work in areas of macroeconomics and that of almost all other economists. Hayek's w... |
572a8062f75d5e190021fb0e | When did Hayek start working on Abuse of Reason? | During World War II | [
"Friedrich_Hayek\n\nDuring World War II, Hayek began the ‘Abuse of Reason’ project. His goal was to show how a number of then-popular doctrines and beliefs had a common origin in some fundamental misconceptions about the social science. In his philosophy of science, which has much in common with that of his good fr... |
572a8062f75d5e190021fb0f | What did Hayek specifically aim to expose in Abuse of Reason? | fundamental misconceptions about the social science | [
"Friedrich_Hayek\n\nDuring World War II, Hayek began the ‘Abuse of Reason’ project. His goal was to show how a number of then-popular doctrines and beliefs had a common origin in some fundamental misconceptions about the social science. In his philosophy of science, which has much in common with that of his good fr... |
572a8062f75d5e190021fb10 | Whose beliefs in scientific philosophy were similar to Hayek's? | Karl Popper | [
"Friedrich_Hayek\n\nDuring World War II, Hayek began the ‘Abuse of Reason’ project. His goal was to show how a number of then-popular doctrines and beliefs had a common origin in some fundamental misconceptions about the social science. In his philosophy of science, which has much in common with that of his good fr... |
572a8062f75d5e190021fb11 | What did Hayek use to refer to the spread of ignorance and misunderstanding within the social sciences? | scientism | [
"Friedrich_Hayek\n\nDuring World War II, Hayek began the ‘Abuse of Reason’ project. His goal was to show how a number of then-popular doctrines and beliefs had a common origin in some fundamental misconceptions about the social science. In his philosophy of science, which has much in common with that of his good fr... |
572a8062f75d5e190021fb12 | In scientism, it is typically believed that explanations in science are what? | simple two-variable linear relationships | [
"Friedrich_Hayek\n\nDuring World War II, Hayek began the ‘Abuse of Reason’ project. His goal was to show how a number of then-popular doctrines and beliefs had a common origin in some fundamental misconceptions about the social science. In his philosophy of science, which has much in common with that of his good fr... |
572a81def75d5e190021fb2a | In what year was the book published in which Hayek developed Hebbian learning? | 1952 | [
"Friedrich_Hayek\n\nIn The Sensory Order: An Inquiry into the Foundations of Theoretical Psychology (1952), Hayek independently developed a \"Hebbian learning\" model of learning and memory – an idea which he first conceived in 1920, prior to his study of economics. Hayek's expansion of the \"Hebbian synapse\" cons... |
572a81def75d5e190021fb2b | Before he began studying economics, what concept did Hayek come up with that was later featured in his 1952 book? | Hebbian learning | [
"Friedrich_Hayek\n\nIn The Sensory Order: An Inquiry into the Foundations of Theoretical Psychology (1952), Hayek independently developed a \"Hebbian learning\" model of learning and memory – an idea which he first conceived in 1920, prior to his study of economics. Hayek's expansion of the \"Hebbian synapse\" cons... |
572a81def75d5e190021fb2c | What did Hayek present in his 1952 book that affected multiple areas of science? | "Hebbian synapse" | [
"Friedrich_Hayek\n\nIn The Sensory Order: An Inquiry into the Foundations of Theoretical Psychology (1952), Hayek independently developed a \"Hebbian learning\" model of learning and memory – an idea which he first conceived in 1920, prior to his study of economics. Hayek's expansion of the \"Hebbian synapse\" cons... |
572a81def75d5e190021fb2d | What is the name of the book in which Hayek presented the Hebbian Synapse? | The Sensory Order: An Inquiry into the Foundations of Theoretical Psychology | [
"Friedrich_Hayek\n\nIn The Sensory Order: An Inquiry into the Foundations of Theoretical Psychology (1952), Hayek independently developed a \"Hebbian learning\" model of learning and memory – an idea which he first conceived in 1920, prior to his study of economics. Hayek's expansion of the \"Hebbian synapse\" cons... |
572a8448be1ee31400cb8067 | When did Hayek begin presenting his ideas on the limits of human knowledge? | the latter half of his career | [
"Friedrich_Hayek\n\nIn the latter half of his career Hayek made a number of contributions to social and political philosophy, which he based on his views on the limits of human knowledge, and the idea of spontaneous order in social institutions. He argues in favour of a society organised around a market order, in w... |
572a8448be1ee31400cb8068 | What did Hayek want society to function around? | a market order | [
"Friedrich_Hayek\n\nIn the latter half of his career Hayek made a number of contributions to social and political philosophy, which he based on his views on the limits of human knowledge, and the idea of spontaneous order in social institutions. He argues in favour of a society organised around a market order, in w... |
572a8448be1ee31400cb8069 | What is the responsibility of government in Hayek's market order? | to enforce the legal order | [
"Friedrich_Hayek\n\nIn the latter half of his career Hayek made a number of contributions to social and political philosophy, which he based on his views on the limits of human knowledge, and the idea of spontaneous order in social institutions. He argues in favour of a society organised around a market order, in w... |
572a8448be1ee31400cb806a | What would be the cause of the success for the Hayek's ideal free-market? | would be self-regulating | [
"Friedrich_Hayek\n\nIn the latter half of his career Hayek made a number of contributions to social and political philosophy, which he based on his views on the limits of human knowledge, and the idea of spontaneous order in social institutions. He argues in favour of a society organised around a market order, in w... |
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