id stringlengths 24 24 | question stringlengths 1 270 | answer stringlengths 1 239 | documents listlengths 1 1 |
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56de1024cffd8e1900b4b5a7 | Name a parasitic ectosymbiont. | lice | [
"Symbiosis\n\nEctosymbiosis, also referred to as exosymbiosis, is any symbiotic relationship in which the symbiont lives on the body surface of the host, including the inner surface of the digestive tract or the ducts of exocrine glands. Examples of this include ectoparasites such as lice, commensal ectosymbionts s... |
56de1024cffd8e1900b4b5a8 | What is another name for ectosymbiosis? | exosymbiosis | [
"Symbiosis\n\nEctosymbiosis, also referred to as exosymbiosis, is any symbiotic relationship in which the symbiont lives on the body surface of the host, including the inner surface of the digestive tract or the ducts of exocrine glands. Examples of this include ectoparasites such as lice, commensal ectosymbionts s... |
56de1133cffd8e1900b4b5ac | What is another term for mutualism? | interspecies reciprocal altruism | [
"Symbiosis\n\nMutualism or interspecies reciprocal altruism is a relationship between individuals of different species where both individuals benefit. In general, only lifelong interactions involving close physical and biochemical contact can properly be considered symbiotic. Mutualistic relationships may be either... |
56de1133cffd8e1900b4b5ad | Of what duration are symbiotic relationships? | lifelong | [
"Symbiosis\n\nMutualism or interspecies reciprocal altruism is a relationship between individuals of different species where both individuals benefit. In general, only lifelong interactions involving close physical and biochemical contact can properly be considered symbiotic. Mutualistic relationships may be either... |
56de22074396321400ee25d1 | What type of relationship do herbivores have with the bacteria in their intestines? | mutualistic | [
"Symbiosis\n\nA large percentage of herbivores have mutualistic gut flora that help them digest plant matter, which is more difficult to digest than animal prey. This gut flora is made up of cellulose-digesting protozoans or bacteria living in the herbivores' intestines. Coral reefs are the result of mutualisms bet... |
56de22074396321400ee25d2 | What do coral and algae produce together? | Coral reefs | [
"Symbiosis\n\nA large percentage of herbivores have mutualistic gut flora that help them digest plant matter, which is more difficult to digest than animal prey. This gut flora is made up of cellulose-digesting protozoans or bacteria living in the herbivores' intestines. Coral reefs are the result of mutualisms bet... |
56de22074396321400ee25d3 | How do plants contribute to terrestrial ecosystems? | fix carbon from the air | [
"Symbiosis\n\nA large percentage of herbivores have mutualistic gut flora that help them digest plant matter, which is more difficult to digest than animal prey. This gut flora is made up of cellulose-digesting protozoans or bacteria living in the herbivores' intestines. Coral reefs are the result of mutualisms bet... |
56de22074396321400ee25d4 | What type of fungus draws liquid and minerals out of the earth? | mycorrhyzal | [
"Symbiosis\n\nA large percentage of herbivores have mutualistic gut flora that help them digest plant matter, which is more difficult to digest than animal prey. This gut flora is made up of cellulose-digesting protozoans or bacteria living in the herbivores' intestines. Coral reefs are the result of mutualisms bet... |
56de22b84396321400ee25d9 | What lives with Ritteri sea anemones? | ocellaris clownfish | [
"Symbiosis\n\nAn example of mutual symbiosis is the relationship between the ocellaris clownfish that dwell among the tentacles of Ritteri sea anemones. The territorial fish protects the anemone from anemone-eating fish, and in turn the stinging tentacles of the anemone protect the clownfish from its predators. A s... |
56de22b84396321400ee25da | What prevents the clownfish from being stung? | A special mucus | [
"Symbiosis\n\nAn example of mutual symbiosis is the relationship between the ocellaris clownfish that dwell among the tentacles of Ritteri sea anemones. The territorial fish protects the anemone from anemone-eating fish, and in turn the stinging tentacles of the anemone protect the clownfish from its predators. A s... |
56de22b84396321400ee25db | What type of relationship do the clownfish and anemone have? | mutual symbiosis | [
"Symbiosis\n\nAn example of mutual symbiosis is the relationship between the ocellaris clownfish that dwell among the tentacles of Ritteri sea anemones. The territorial fish protects the anemone from anemone-eating fish, and in turn the stinging tentacles of the anemone protect the clownfish from its predators. A s... |
56de23fe4396321400ee25e5 | What species does this shrimp have a relationship with? | the goby fish | [
"Symbiosis\n\nA further example is the goby fish, which sometimes lives together with a shrimp. The shrimp digs and cleans up a burrow in the sand in which both the shrimp and the goby fish live. The shrimp is almost blind, leaving it vulnerable to predators when outside its burrow. In case of danger the goby fish ... |
56de23fe4396321400ee25e8 | What part of the fish is used to signal danger? | its tail | [
"Symbiosis\n\nA further example is the goby fish, which sometimes lives together with a shrimp. The shrimp digs and cleans up a burrow in the sand in which both the shrimp and the goby fish live. The shrimp is almost blind, leaving it vulnerable to predators when outside its burrow. In case of danger the goby fish ... |
56de24804396321400ee25f9 | What type of symbiosis seen between bryozoans and hermit crabs? | non-obligate | [
"Symbiosis\n\nAnother non-obligate symbiosis is known from encrusting bryozoans and hermit crabs that live in a close relationship. The bryozoan colony (Acanthodesia commensale) develops a cirumrotatory growth and offers the crab (Pseudopagurus granulimanus) a helicospiral-tubular extension of its living chamber th... |
56de25ab4396321400ee2609 | When were the worms found? | the late 1980s | [
"Symbiosis\n\nOne of the most spectacular examples of obligate mutualism is between the siboglinid tube worms and symbiotic bacteria that live at hydrothermal vents and cold seeps. The worm has no digestive tract and is wholly reliant on its internal symbionts for nutrition. The bacteria oxidize either hydrogen sul... |
56de25ab4396321400ee260a | What does the bacteria give the worm? | nutrition | [
"Symbiosis\n\nOne of the most spectacular examples of obligate mutualism is between the siboglinid tube worms and symbiotic bacteria that live at hydrothermal vents and cold seeps. The worm has no digestive tract and is wholly reliant on its internal symbionts for nutrition. The bacteria oxidize either hydrogen sul... |
56de25ab4396321400ee260b | What land is near the worms' first known location? | the Galapagos Islands | [
"Symbiosis\n\nOne of the most spectacular examples of obligate mutualism is between the siboglinid tube worms and symbiotic bacteria that live at hydrothermal vents and cold seeps. The worm has no digestive tract and is wholly reliant on its internal symbionts for nutrition. The bacteria oxidize either hydrogen sul... |
56de27b94396321400ee2611 | What is given to the host cell? | nutrients | [
"Symbiosis\n\nDuring mutualistic symbioses, the host cell lacks some of the nutrients, which are provided by the endosymbiont. As a result, the host favors endosymbiont's growth processes within itself by producing some specialized cells. These cells affect the genetic composition of the host in order to regulate t... |
56de27b94396321400ee2612 | What does the host make that affect its genes? | specialized cells | [
"Symbiosis\n\nDuring mutualistic symbioses, the host cell lacks some of the nutrients, which are provided by the endosymbiont. As a result, the host favors endosymbiont's growth processes within itself by producing some specialized cells. These cells affect the genetic composition of the host in order to regulate t... |
56de27b94396321400ee2613 | In what manner are the described genetic alternations given to future generations? | vertical transmission | [
"Symbiosis\n\nDuring mutualistic symbioses, the host cell lacks some of the nutrients, which are provided by the endosymbiont. As a result, the host favors endosymbiont's growth processes within itself by producing some specialized cells. These cells affect the genetic composition of the host in order to regulate t... |
56de2af0cffd8e1900b4b5fc | What is the main alteration in an endosymbiont when it adapts to a host? | drastic reduction in its genome size | [
"Symbiosis\n\nAdaptation of the endosymbiont to the host's lifestyle leads to many changes in the endosymbiont–the foremost being drastic reduction in its genome size. This is due to many genes being lost during the process of metabolism, and DNA repair and recombination. While important genes participating in the ... |
56de2af0cffd8e1900b4b5fd | What is the term that describes the way the endosymbiont can't go back to its original phenotype? | Muller's ratchet phenomenon | [
"Symbiosis\n\nAdaptation of the endosymbiont to the host's lifestyle leads to many changes in the endosymbiont–the foremost being drastic reduction in its genome size. This is due to many genes being lost during the process of metabolism, and DNA repair and recombination. While important genes participating in the ... |
56de2af0cffd8e1900b4b5fe | What does the article say could be the reason for the buildup of harmful mutations? | lack of selection mechanisms | [
"Symbiosis\n\nAdaptation of the endosymbiont to the host's lifestyle leads to many changes in the endosymbiont–the foremost being drastic reduction in its genome size. This is due to many genes being lost during the process of metabolism, and DNA repair and recombination. While important genes participating in the ... |
56de2bedcffd8e1900b4b60c | What language do the roots of "commensal" come from? | Latin | [
"Symbiosis\n\nCommensalism describes a relationship between two living organisms where one benefits and the other is not significantly harmed or helped. It is derived from the English word commensal used of human social interaction. The word derives from the medieval Latin word, formed from com- and mensa, meaning ... |
56de2bedcffd8e1900b4b60d | What type of symbiotic relationship helps one organism and doesn't have a major affect on the other? | Commensalism | [
"Symbiosis\n\nCommensalism describes a relationship between two living organisms where one benefits and the other is not significantly harmed or helped. It is derived from the English word commensal used of human social interaction. The word derives from the medieval Latin word, formed from com- and mensa, meaning ... |
56de2cf1cffd8e1900b4b61e | What is the term for a relationship where one organism provides a dwelling for the other? | inquilinism | [
"Symbiosis\n\nCommensal relationships may involve one organism using another for transportation (phoresy) or for housing (inquilinism), or it may also involve one organism using something another created, after its death (metabiosis). Examples of metabiosis are hermit crabs using gastropod shells to protect their b... |
56de2cf1cffd8e1900b4b61f | What type of relationship is it when arachnids attach webs to dead plants? | metabiosis | [
"Symbiosis\n\nCommensal relationships may involve one organism using another for transportation (phoresy) or for housing (inquilinism), or it may also involve one organism using something another created, after its death (metabiosis). Examples of metabiosis are hermit crabs using gastropod shells to protect their b... |
56de2cf1cffd8e1900b4b620 | In what type of relationship does an organism travel by means of another? | phoresy | [
"Symbiosis\n\nCommensal relationships may involve one organism using another for transportation (phoresy) or for housing (inquilinism), or it may also involve one organism using something another created, after its death (metabiosis). Examples of metabiosis are hermit crabs using gastropod shells to protect their b... |
56de2e63cffd8e1900b4b630 | Antagonistic or antipathetic symbiosis are alternate names for what? | A parasitic relationship | [
"Symbiosis\n\nA parasitic relationship is one in which one member of the association benefits while the other is harmed. This is also known as antagonistic or antipathetic symbiosis. Parasitic symbioses take many forms, from endoparasites that live within the host's body to ectoparasites that live on its surface. I... |
56de2e63cffd8e1900b4b631 | What is it called when organisms are lethal to their host? | necrotrophic | [
"Symbiosis\n\nA parasitic relationship is one in which one member of the association benefits while the other is harmed. This is also known as antagonistic or antipathetic symbiosis. Parasitic symbioses take many forms, from endoparasites that live within the host's body to ectoparasites that live on its surface. I... |
56de2e63cffd8e1900b4b632 | What is it called when parasites need their host to live? | biotrophic | [
"Symbiosis\n\nA parasitic relationship is one in which one member of the association benefits while the other is harmed. This is also known as antagonistic or antipathetic symbiosis. Parasitic symbioses take many forms, from endoparasites that live within the host's body to ectoparasites that live on its surface. I... |
56de2e63cffd8e1900b4b633 | What proportion of animals go through a parasitic stage? | as many as half | [
"Symbiosis\n\nA parasitic relationship is one in which one member of the association benefits while the other is harmed. This is also known as antagonistic or antipathetic symbiosis. Parasitic symbioses take many forms, from endoparasites that live within the host's body to ectoparasites that live on its surface. I... |
56de2e63cffd8e1900b4b634 | Name a biotrophic organism. | a tick | [
"Symbiosis\n\nA parasitic relationship is one in which one member of the association benefits while the other is harmed. This is also known as antagonistic or antipathetic symbiosis. Parasitic symbioses take many forms, from endoparasites that live within the host's body to ectoparasites that live on its surface. I... |
56de418fcffd8e1900b4b71e | What is the name for the kind of symbiosis in which one organism is seriously harmed and there is no affect on the other? | Amensalism | [
"Symbiosis\n\nAmensalism is the type of relationship that exists where one species is inhibited or completely obliterated and one is unaffected. This type of symbiosis is relatively uncommon in rudimentary reference texts, but is omnipresent in the natural world.[citation needed] There are two types of amensalism, ... |
56de418fcffd8e1900b4b71f | What kinds of amensalism are there? | competition and antibiosis | [
"Symbiosis\n\nAmensalism is the type of relationship that exists where one species is inhibited or completely obliterated and one is unaffected. This type of symbiosis is relatively uncommon in rudimentary reference texts, but is omnipresent in the natural world.[citation needed] There are two types of amensalism, ... |
56de418fcffd8e1900b4b720 | When a large tree takes the resources a young tree needs, what type of amensalism is it? | competition | [
"Symbiosis\n\nAmensalism is the type of relationship that exists where one species is inhibited or completely obliterated and one is unaffected. This type of symbiosis is relatively uncommon in rudimentary reference texts, but is omnipresent in the natural world.[citation needed] There are two types of amensalism, ... |
56de418fcffd8e1900b4b721 | What does the black walnut give out that kills plants? | juglone | [
"Symbiosis\n\nAmensalism is the type of relationship that exists where one species is inhibited or completely obliterated and one is unaffected. This type of symbiosis is relatively uncommon in rudimentary reference texts, but is omnipresent in the natural world.[citation needed] There are two types of amensalism, ... |
56de42a94396321400ee2730 | What organisms is the ibex in an amensalistic relationship with? | weevils | [
"Symbiosis\n\nAmensalism is an interaction where an organism inflicts harm to another organism without any costs or benefits received by the other. A clear case of amensalism is where sheep or cattle trample grass. Whilst the presence of the grass causes negligible detrimental effects to the animal's hoof, the gras... |
56de42a94396321400ee2731 | What does the Spanish ibex eat? | shrub | [
"Symbiosis\n\nAmensalism is an interaction where an organism inflicts harm to another organism without any costs or benefits received by the other. A clear case of amensalism is where sheep or cattle trample grass. Whilst the presence of the grass causes negligible detrimental effects to the animal's hoof, the gras... |
56de42a94396321400ee2732 | What type of relationship is it when large animals crush small plants? | Amensalism | [
"Symbiosis\n\nAmensalism is an interaction where an organism inflicts harm to another organism without any costs or benefits received by the other. A clear case of amensalism is where sheep or cattle trample grass. Whilst the presence of the grass causes negligible detrimental effects to the animal's hoof, the gras... |
56de43f9cffd8e1900b4b74b | What type of relationship harms both organisms? | Synnecrosis | [
"Symbiosis\n\nSynnecrosis is a rare type of symbiosis in which the interaction between species is detrimental to both organisms involved. It is a short-lived condition, as the interaction eventually causes death. Because of this, evolution selects against synnecrosis and it is uncommon in nature. An example of this... |
56de43f9cffd8e1900b4b74c | What is the ultimate result of synnecrosis? | death | [
"Symbiosis\n\nSynnecrosis is a rare type of symbiosis in which the interaction between species is detrimental to both organisms involved. It is a short-lived condition, as the interaction eventually causes death. Because of this, evolution selects against synnecrosis and it is uncommon in nature. An example of this... |
56de43f9cffd8e1900b4b74d | How common is synnecrosis in the natural world? | uncommon | [
"Symbiosis\n\nSynnecrosis is a rare type of symbiosis in which the interaction between species is detrimental to both organisms involved. It is a short-lived condition, as the interaction eventually causes death. Because of this, evolution selects against synnecrosis and it is uncommon in nature. An example of this... |
56de43f9cffd8e1900b4b74e | Why do bees sting even though it will kill them? | to protect the hive | [
"Symbiosis\n\nSynnecrosis is a rare type of symbiosis in which the interaction between species is detrimental to both organisms involved. It is a short-lived condition, as the interaction eventually causes death. Because of this, evolution selects against synnecrosis and it is uncommon in nature. An example of this... |
56de4520cffd8e1900b4b759 | What far-reaching result do scientists think has come about from symbiosis with bacteria? | the evolution of all eukaryotes | [
"Symbiosis\n\nWhile historically, symbiosis has received less attention than other interactions such as predation or competition, it is increasingly recognized as an important selective force behind evolution, with many species having a long history of interdependent co-evolution. In fact, the evolution of all euka... |
56de4520cffd8e1900b4b75a | What are eukaryotes? | plants, animals, fungi, and protists | [
"Symbiosis\n\nWhile historically, symbiosis has received less attention than other interactions such as predation or competition, it is increasingly recognized as an important selective force behind evolution, with many species having a long history of interdependent co-evolution. In fact, the evolution of all euka... |
56de4796cffd8e1900b4b777 | What does Margulis think is the main driver of evolution? | symbiosis | [
"Symbiosis\n\nThe biologist Lynn Margulis, famous for her work on endosymbiosis, contends that symbiosis is a major driving force behind evolution. She considers Darwin's notion of evolution, driven by competition, to be incomplete and claims that evolution is strongly based on co-operation, interaction, and mutual... |
56de4796cffd8e1900b4b779 | Who agrees with Margulis' cooperative view of evolution? | Dorion Sagan | [
"Symbiosis\n\nThe biologist Lynn Margulis, famous for her work on endosymbiosis, contends that symbiosis is a major driving force behind evolution. She considers Darwin's notion of evolution, driven by competition, to be incomplete and claims that evolution is strongly based on co-operation, interaction, and mutual... |
56de49434396321400ee2774 | How big a part did symbiosis have in the development of flowering plants and their pollinators? | a major role | [
"Symbiosis\n\nSymbiosis played a major role in the co-evolution of flowering plants and the animals that pollinate them. Many plants that are pollinated by insects, bats, or birds have highly specialized flowers modified to promote pollination by a specific pollinator that is also correspondingly adapted. The first... |
56de49434396321400ee2775 | What did some plants produce when flowers became less simple? | nectar and large sticky pollen | [
"Symbiosis\n\nSymbiosis played a major role in the co-evolution of flowering plants and the animals that pollinate them. Many plants that are pollinated by insects, bats, or birds have highly specialized flowers modified to promote pollination by a specific pollinator that is also correspondingly adapted. The first... |
56de49434396321400ee2776 | What is the word for the kind of relationship in which a plant depend on a single type of insect? | dependent | [
"Symbiosis\n\nSymbiosis played a major role in the co-evolution of flowering plants and the animals that pollinate them. Many plants that are pollinated by insects, bats, or birds have highly specialized flowers modified to promote pollination by a specific pollinator that is also correspondingly adapted. The first... |
56dde02666d3e219004dad6b | What is the French name of the Canadian Armed Forces? | Forces armées canadiennes | [
"Canadian_Armed_Forces\n\nThe Canadian Armed Forces (CAF; French: Forces armées canadiennes, FAC), or Canadian Forces (CF) (French: les Forces canadiennes, FC), is the unified armed force of Canada, as constituted by the National Defence Act, which states: \"The Canadian Forces are the armed forces of Her Majesty r... |
56dde02666d3e219004dad6c | What law constitutes the CAF? | the National Defence Act | [
"Canadian_Armed_Forces\n\nThe Canadian Armed Forces (CAF; French: Forces armées canadiennes, FAC), or Canadian Forces (CF) (French: les Forces canadiennes, FC), is the unified armed force of Canada, as constituted by the National Defence Act, which states: \"The Canadian Forces are the armed forces of Her Majesty r... |
56dde02666d3e219004dad6d | Who are the CAF supposed to protect? | Her Majesty | [
"Canadian_Armed_Forces\n\nThe Canadian Armed Forces (CAF; French: Forces armées canadiennes, FAC), or Canadian Forces (CF) (French: les Forces canadiennes, FC), is the unified armed force of Canada, as constituted by the National Defence Act, which states: \"The Canadian Forces are the armed forces of Her Majesty r... |
56dde02666d3e219004dad6e | What does CF stand for in this context? | Forces canadiennes | [
"Canadian_Armed_Forces\n\nThe Canadian Armed Forces (CAF; French: Forces armées canadiennes, FAC), or Canadian Forces (CF) (French: les Forces canadiennes, FC), is the unified armed force of Canada, as constituted by the National Defence Act, which states: \"The Canadian Forces are the armed forces of Her Majesty r... |
56dde0ea66d3e219004dad7e | How many sub components are there? | four | [
"Canadian_Armed_Forces\n\nThis unified institution consists of sea, land, and air elements referred to as the Royal Canadian Navy (RCN), Canadian Army, and Royal Canadian Air Force (RCAF). Personnel may belong to either the Regular Force or the Reserve Force, which has four sub-components: the Primary Reserve, Supp... |
56dde0ea66d3e219004dad7f | What act defines the CAF? | the National Defence Act | [
"Canadian_Armed_Forces\n\nThis unified institution consists of sea, land, and air elements referred to as the Royal Canadian Navy (RCN), Canadian Army, and Royal Canadian Air Force (RCAF). Personnel may belong to either the Regular Force or the Reserve Force, which has four sub-components: the Primary Reserve, Supp... |
56dde17c9a695914005b9640 | Who currently is the Commander-in-Chief of the Canadian Armed Forces? | Queen Elizabeth II | [
"Canadian_Armed_Forces\n\nThe Commander-in-Chief of the Canadian Armed Forces is the reigning Canadian monarch, Queen Elizabeth II, who is represented by the Governor General of Canada. The Canadian Armed Forces is led by the Chief of the Defence Staff, who is advised and assisted by the Armed Forces Council."
] |
56dde17c9a695914005b9641 | Who represents Queen Elizabeth II? | the Governor General of Canada | [
"Canadian_Armed_Forces\n\nThe Commander-in-Chief of the Canadian Armed Forces is the reigning Canadian monarch, Queen Elizabeth II, who is represented by the Governor General of Canada. The Canadian Armed Forces is led by the Chief of the Defence Staff, who is advised and assisted by the Armed Forces Council."
] |
56dde17c9a695914005b9642 | Who leads the CAF? | the Chief of the Defence Staff | [
"Canadian_Armed_Forces\n\nThe Commander-in-Chief of the Canadian Armed Forces is the reigning Canadian monarch, Queen Elizabeth II, who is represented by the Governor General of Canada. The Canadian Armed Forces is led by the Chief of the Defence Staff, who is advised and assisted by the Armed Forces Council."
] |
56dde17c9a695914005b9643 | Who advises the Chief of the Defence? | the Armed Forces Council. | [
"Canadian_Armed_Forces\n\nThe Commander-in-Chief of the Canadian Armed Forces is the reigning Canadian monarch, Queen Elizabeth II, who is represented by the Governor General of Canada. The Canadian Armed Forces is led by the Chief of the Defence Staff, who is advised and assisted by the Armed Forces Council."
] |
56dde22166d3e219004dad91 | What war were the CAF involved in? | Cold War | [
"Canadian_Armed_Forces\n\nDuring the Cold War, a principal focus of Canadian defence policy was contributing to the security of Europe in the face of the Soviet military threat. Toward that end, Canadian ground and air forces were based in Europe from the early 1950s until the early 1990s."
] |
56dde22166d3e219004dad92 | What was the goal of the CAF during the cold war? | the security of Europe | [
"Canadian_Armed_Forces\n\nDuring the Cold War, a principal focus of Canadian defence policy was contributing to the security of Europe in the face of the Soviet military threat. Toward that end, Canadian ground and air forces were based in Europe from the early 1950s until the early 1990s."
] |
56dde22166d3e219004dad93 | What military thread did the CAF protect against in Europe? | the Soviet military threat | [
"Canadian_Armed_Forces\n\nDuring the Cold War, a principal focus of Canadian defence policy was contributing to the security of Europe in the face of the Soviet military threat. Toward that end, Canadian ground and air forces were based in Europe from the early 1950s until the early 1990s."
] |
56dde22166d3e219004dad94 | Apprimately since what year was the CAF stationed in Europe? | the early 1950s | [
"Canadian_Armed_Forces\n\nDuring the Cold War, a principal focus of Canadian defence policy was contributing to the security of Europe in the face of the Soviet military threat. Toward that end, Canadian ground and air forces were based in Europe from the early 1950s until the early 1990s."
] |
56dde22166d3e219004dad95 | What year did the CAF leave Europe? | the early 1990s | [
"Canadian_Armed_Forces\n\nDuring the Cold War, a principal focus of Canadian defence policy was contributing to the security of Europe in the face of the Soviet military threat. Toward that end, Canadian ground and air forces were based in Europe from the early 1950s until the early 1990s."
] |
56dde2f49a695914005b9656 | What Treaty is the CAF part of? | the North Atlantic Treaty Organization (NATO) | [
"Canadian_Armed_Forces\n\nHowever, since the end of the Cold War, as the North Atlantic Treaty Organization (NATO) has moved much of its defence focus \"out of area\", the Canadian military has also become more deeply engaged in international security operations in various other parts of the world – most notably in... |
56dde2f49a695914005b9657 | What type of operation is the Canadian Military involved in? | international security operations | [
"Canadian_Armed_Forces\n\nHowever, since the end of the Cold War, as the North Atlantic Treaty Organization (NATO) has moved much of its defence focus \"out of area\", the Canadian military has also become more deeply engaged in international security operations in various other parts of the world – most notably in... |
56dde2f49a695914005b9658 | What country has the Canadian Military worked in the last years? | Afghanistan | [
"Canadian_Armed_Forces\n\nHowever, since the end of the Cold War, as the North Atlantic Treaty Organization (NATO) has moved much of its defence focus \"out of area\", the Canadian military has also become more deeply engaged in international security operations in various other parts of the world – most notably in... |
56dde2f49a695914005b9659 | What year did the Canadian Military operation in Afghanistan start? | 2002 | [
"Canadian_Armed_Forces\n\nHowever, since the end of the Cold War, as the North Atlantic Treaty Organization (NATO) has moved much of its defence focus \"out of area\", the Canadian military has also become more deeply engaged in international security operations in various other parts of the world – most notably in... |
56dde2f49a695914005b965a | Where is the current focus of the Canadian Military set? | out of area | [
"Canadian_Armed_Forces\n\nHowever, since the end of the Cold War, as the North Atlantic Treaty Organization (NATO) has moved much of its defence focus \"out of area\", the Canadian military has also become more deeply engaged in international security operations in various other parts of the world – most notably in... |
56dde39c66d3e219004dad9f | What is Canada's defense policy based on? | Canada First Defence Strategy | [
"Canadian_Armed_Forces\n\nCanadian defence policy today is based on the Canada First Defence Strategy, introduced in 2008. Based on that strategy, the Canadian military is oriented and being equipped to carry out six core missions within Canada, in North America and globally. Specifically, the Canadian Armed Forces... |
56dde39c66d3e219004dada0 | When was the Canada First Defence Strategy introduced? | 2008 | [
"Canadian_Armed_Forces\n\nCanadian defence policy today is based on the Canada First Defence Strategy, introduced in 2008. Based on that strategy, the Canadian military is oriented and being equipped to carry out six core missions within Canada, in North America and globally. Specifically, the Canadian Armed Forces... |
56dde39c66d3e219004dada1 | How many missions are carried out internally in Canada? | six core missions | [
"Canadian_Armed_Forces\n\nCanadian defence policy today is based on the Canada First Defence Strategy, introduced in 2008. Based on that strategy, the Canadian military is oriented and being equipped to carry out six core missions within Canada, in North America and globally. Specifically, the Canadian Armed Forces... |
56dde39c66d3e219004dada2 | What other location does the Canada First Defence Strategy Cover? | North America | [
"Canadian_Armed_Forces\n\nCanadian defence policy today is based on the Canada First Defence Strategy, introduced in 2008. Based on that strategy, the Canadian military is oriented and being equipped to carry out six core missions within Canada, in North America and globally. Specifically, the Canadian Armed Forces... |
56dde48b9a695914005b966c | What other priority do the Canadian Armed Forces also contribute too? | conduct of Canadian defence diplomacy | [
"Canadian_Armed_Forces\n\nConsistent with the missions and priorities outlined above, the Canadian Armed Forces also contribute to the conduct of Canadian defence diplomacy through a range of activities, including the deployment of Canadian Defence Attachés, participation in bilateral and multilateral military foru... |
56dde48b9a695914005b966d | What is an example of another activity that the CAF performs? | deployment of Canadian Defence Attachés | [
"Canadian_Armed_Forces\n\nConsistent with the missions and priorities outlined above, the Canadian Armed Forces also contribute to the conduct of Canadian defence diplomacy through a range of activities, including the deployment of Canadian Defence Attachés, participation in bilateral and multilateral military foru... |
56dde48b9a695914005b966e | What other air force does the CAF cooperate with? | the American Air Forces | [
"Canadian_Armed_Forces\n\nConsistent with the missions and priorities outlined above, the Canadian Armed Forces also contribute to the conduct of Canadian defence diplomacy through a range of activities, including the deployment of Canadian Defence Attachés, participation in bilateral and multilateral military foru... |
56dde48b9a695914005b966f | What is one of the activities the CAF works on with other countries? | military training | [
"Canadian_Armed_Forces\n\nConsistent with the missions and priorities outlined above, the Canadian Armed Forces also contribute to the conduct of Canadian defence diplomacy through a range of activities, including the deployment of Canadian Defence Attachés, participation in bilateral and multilateral military foru... |
56dde48b9a695914005b9670 | What diplomatic effort does the CAF perform as part of it's duties? | relationship-building efforts | [
"Canadian_Armed_Forces\n\nConsistent with the missions and priorities outlined above, the Canadian Armed Forces also contribute to the conduct of Canadian defence diplomacy through a range of activities, including the deployment of Canadian Defence Attachés, participation in bilateral and multilateral military foru... |
56dde56e9a695914005b967c | What year was Canada united in a confederation? | 1867 | [
"Canadian_Armed_Forces\n\nPrior to Confederation in 1867, residents of the colonies in what is now Canada served as regular members of French and British forces and in local militia groups. The latter aided in the defence of their respective territories against attacks by other European powers, Aboriginal peoples, ... |
56dde56e9a695914005b967d | The forces of what countries did people serve before the unification? | French and British forces | [
"Canadian_Armed_Forces\n\nPrior to Confederation in 1867, residents of the colonies in what is now Canada served as regular members of French and British forces and in local militia groups. The latter aided in the defence of their respective territories against attacks by other European powers, Aboriginal peoples, ... |
56dde56e9a695914005b967e | What is one of the threats that faced them? | European powers | [
"Canadian_Armed_Forces\n\nPrior to Confederation in 1867, residents of the colonies in what is now Canada served as regular members of French and British forces and in local militia groups. The latter aided in the defence of their respective territories against attacks by other European powers, Aboriginal peoples, ... |
56dde56e9a695914005b967f | What American war threatened Canada? | the American Revolutionary War | [
"Canadian_Armed_Forces\n\nPrior to Confederation in 1867, residents of the colonies in what is now Canada served as regular members of French and British forces and in local militia groups. The latter aided in the defence of their respective territories against attacks by other European powers, Aboriginal peoples, ... |
56dde56e9a695914005b9680 | Early on, what did they defend against with the British? | invasion by the United States | [
"Canadian_Armed_Forces\n\nPrior to Confederation in 1867, residents of the colonies in what is now Canada served as regular members of French and British forces and in local militia groups. The latter aided in the defence of their respective territories against attacks by other European powers, Aboriginal peoples, ... |
56dde6229a695914005b9686 | Who initially had military command? | the British Crown-in-Council | [
"Canadian_Armed_Forces\n\nThe responsibility for military command remained with the British Crown-in-Council, with a commander-in-chief for North America stationed at Halifax until the final withdrawal of British Army and Royal Navy units from that city in 1906. Thereafter, the Royal Canadian Navy was formed, and, ... |
56dde6229a695914005b9687 | Where was the commander-in-chief stationed? | Halifax | [
"Canadian_Armed_Forces\n\nThe responsibility for military command remained with the British Crown-in-Council, with a commander-in-chief for North America stationed at Halifax until the final withdrawal of British Army and Royal Navy units from that city in 1906. Thereafter, the Royal Canadian Navy was formed, and, ... |
56dde6229a695914005b9688 | When did the British Army and Royal Navy withdraw from Halifax? | 1906 | [
"Canadian_Armed_Forces\n\nThe responsibility for military command remained with the British Crown-in-Council, with a commander-in-chief for North America stationed at Halifax until the final withdrawal of British Army and Royal Navy units from that city in 1906. Thereafter, the Royal Canadian Navy was formed, and, ... |
56dde6229a695914005b9689 | The Canadian Armed Forces were initially organized under what department? | the Department of Militia and Defence | [
"Canadian_Armed_Forces\n\nThe responsibility for military command remained with the British Crown-in-Council, with a commander-in-chief for North America stationed at Halifax until the final withdrawal of British Army and Royal Navy units from that city in 1906. Thereafter, the Royal Canadian Navy was formed, and, ... |
56dde6229a695914005b968a | When did the unification complete of all the Canadian forces to be called the Canadian Army? | November 1940 | [
"Canadian_Armed_Forces\n\nThe responsibility for military command remained with the British Crown-in-Council, with a commander-in-chief for North America stationed at Halifax until the final withdrawal of British Army and Royal Navy units from that city in 1906. Thereafter, the Royal Canadian Navy was formed, and, ... |
56dde7259a695914005b9696 | When was the first overseas deployment of the Canadian Military? | Second Boer War | [
"Canadian_Armed_Forces\n\nThe first overseas deployment of Canadian military forces occurred during the Second Boer War, when several units were raised to serve under British command. Similarly, when the United Kingdom entered into conflict with Germany in the First World War, Canadian troops were called to partici... |
56dde7259a695914005b9697 | Under what command did they serve? | British command | [
"Canadian_Armed_Forces\n\nThe first overseas deployment of Canadian military forces occurred during the Second Boer War, when several units were raised to serve under British command. Similarly, when the United Kingdom entered into conflict with Germany in the First World War, Canadian troops were called to partici... |
56dde7259a695914005b9698 | When were Canadian Troops called upon to assist in Europe? | the First World War | [
"Canadian_Armed_Forces\n\nThe first overseas deployment of Canadian military forces occurred during the Second Boer War, when several units were raised to serve under British command. Similarly, when the United Kingdom entered into conflict with Germany in the First World War, Canadian troops were called to partici... |
56dde7259a695914005b9699 | What other European war were the Canadian Forces involved in? | Second World War | [
"Canadian_Armed_Forces\n\nThe first overseas deployment of Canadian military forces occurred during the Second Boer War, when several units were raised to serve under British command. Similarly, when the United Kingdom entered into conflict with Germany in the First World War, Canadian troops were called to partici... |
56dde7259a695914005b969a | What Asian war were the Canadian Forces involved in? | Korean War | [
"Canadian_Armed_Forces\n\nThe first overseas deployment of Canadian military forces occurred during the Second Boer War, when several units were raised to serve under British command. Similarly, when the United Kingdom entered into conflict with Germany in the First World War, Canadian troops were called to partici... |
56dde8249a695914005b96a0 | How many operations has the Canadian Military been part of since 1947? | more than 200 operations | [
"Canadian_Armed_Forces\n\nSince 1947, Canadian military units have participated in more than 200 operations worldwide, and completed 72 international operations. Canadian soldiers, sailors, and aviators came to be considered world-class professionals through conspicuous service during these conflicts and the countr... |
56dde8249a695914005b96a1 | How many operations have been completed by the Canadian Military Internationally? | 72 | [
"Canadian_Armed_Forces\n\nSince 1947, Canadian military units have participated in more than 200 operations worldwide, and completed 72 international operations. Canadian soldiers, sailors, and aviators came to be considered world-class professionals through conspicuous service during these conflicts and the countr... |
56dde8249a695914005b96a2 | What are some of the wars the Canadian Military was involved in? | Cold War, First Gulf War, Kosovo War | [
"Canadian_Armed_Forces\n\nSince 1947, Canadian military units have participated in more than 200 operations worldwide, and completed 72 international operations. Canadian soldiers, sailors, and aviators came to be considered world-class professionals through conspicuous service during these conflicts and the countr... |
56dde8249a695914005b96a3 | What peace keeping effort is the Canadian Military part of? | United Nations Peacekeeping operations | [
"Canadian_Armed_Forces\n\nSince 1947, Canadian military units have participated in more than 200 operations worldwide, and completed 72 international operations. Canadian soldiers, sailors, and aviators came to be considered world-class professionals through conspicuous service during these conflicts and the countr... |
56dde8249a695914005b96a4 | What type of military vehicle was maintained almost 15 years but never saw any action during the Cuban crisis? | an aircraft carrier | [
"Canadian_Armed_Forces\n\nSince 1947, Canadian military units have participated in more than 200 operations worldwide, and completed 72 international operations. Canadian soldiers, sailors, and aviators came to be considered world-class professionals through conspicuous service during these conflicts and the countr... |
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