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56df043cc65bf219000b3ed6
Where is the Information Management Group located?
CFS Leitrim in Ottawa
[ "Canadian_Armed_Forces\n\nAmong other things, the Information Management Group is responsible for the conduct of electronic warfare and the protection of the Armed Forces' communications and computer networks. Within the group, this operational role is fulfilled by the Canadian Forces Information Operations Group, ...
56df043cc65bf219000b3ed7
What is the task of the CAF Cyber Task Force?
design and build cyber warfare capabilities
[ "Canadian_Armed_Forces\n\nAmong other things, the Information Management Group is responsible for the conduct of electronic warfare and the protection of the Armed Forces' communications and computer networks. Within the group, this operational role is fulfilled by the Canadian Forces Information Operations Group, ...
56df043cc65bf219000b3ed8
When was the Directorate of Cybernetics established?
June 2011
[ "Canadian_Armed_Forces\n\nAmong other things, the Information Management Group is responsible for the conduct of electronic warfare and the protection of the Armed Forces' communications and computer networks. Within the group, this operational role is fulfilled by the Canadian Forces Information Operations Group, ...
56df043cc65bf219000b3ed9
Who heads the Directorate?
the Director General Cyber
[ "Canadian_Armed_Forces\n\nAmong other things, the Information Management Group is responsible for the conduct of electronic warfare and the protection of the Armed Forces' communications and computer networks. Within the group, this operational role is fulfilled by the Canadian Forces Information Operations Group, ...
56df04ce3277331400b4d8b8
Who does The Health Services Group serve?
the Canadian Armed Forces
[ "Canadian_Armed_Forces\n\nThe Health Services Group is a joint formation that includes over 120 general or specialized units and detachments providing health services to the Canadian Armed Forces. With few exceptions, all elements are under command of the Surgeon General for domestic support and force generation, o...
56df04ce3277331400b4d8ba
Who can temporarily be assigned the Health Serviced Group?
Joint Task Force
[ "Canadian_Armed_Forces\n\nThe Health Services Group is a joint formation that includes over 120 general or specialized units and detachments providing health services to the Canadian Armed Forces. With few exceptions, all elements are under command of the Surgeon General for domestic support and force generation, o...
56df04ce3277331400b4d8bb
What type of support does The Health Services Group provide?
domestic support
[ "Canadian_Armed_Forces\n\nThe Health Services Group is a joint formation that includes over 120 general or specialized units and detachments providing health services to the Canadian Armed Forces. With few exceptions, all elements are under command of the Surgeon General for domestic support and force generation, o...
56df05adc65bf219000b3ee6
When can the reserve force be called upon?
in times of national emergency or threat
[ "Canadian_Armed_Forces\n\nThe Canadian Armed Forces have a total reserve force of approximately 50,000 primary and supplementary that can be called upon in times of national emergency or threat. For the components and sub-components of the Canadian Armed Forces Reserve Force, the order of precedence follows:" ]
56df05adc65bf219000b3ee8
What troops does The reserve force consists of?
primary and supplementary
[ "Canadian_Armed_Forces\n\nThe Canadian Armed Forces have a total reserve force of approximately 50,000 primary and supplementary that can be called upon in times of national emergency or threat. For the components and sub-components of the Canadian Armed Forces Reserve Force, the order of precedence follows:" ]
56df065d3277331400b4d8c7
Who commands the reserves?
Chief of Reserves and Cadets
[ "Canadian_Armed_Forces\n\nApproximately 26,000 citizen soldiers, sailors, and airmen and women, trained to the level of and interchangeable with their Regular Force counterparts, and posted to CAF operations or duties on a casual or ongoing basis, make up the Primary Reserve. This group is represented, though not c...
56df065d3277331400b4d8c9
What are some of the components of the reserve force?
the Naval Reserve (NAVRES), Land Force Reserve (LFR), and Air Reserve (AIRRES)
[ "Canadian_Armed_Forces\n\nApproximately 26,000 citizen soldiers, sailors, and airmen and women, trained to the level of and interchangeable with their Regular Force counterparts, and posted to CAF operations or duties on a casual or ongoing basis, make up the Primary Reserve. This group is represented, though not c...
56df07a33277331400b4d8cf
Who conducts training of the cadets?
Cadet Organizations Administration and Training Service
[ "Canadian_Armed_Forces\n\nThe Cadet Organizations Administration and Training Service (COATS) consists of officers and non-commissioned members who conduct training, safety, supervision and administration of nearly 60,000 cadets aged 12 to 18 years in the Canadian Cadet Movement. The majority of members in COATS ar...
56df07a33277331400b4d8d0
What age are the cadets in the Canadian Cadet Movement?
12 to 18 years
[ "Canadian_Armed_Forces\n\nThe Cadet Organizations Administration and Training Service (COATS) consists of officers and non-commissioned members who conduct training, safety, supervision and administration of nearly 60,000 cadets aged 12 to 18 years in the Canadian Cadet Movement. The majority of members in COATS ar...
56df07a33277331400b4d8d2
What branch are the majority of COATS members?
officers of the Cadet Instructors Cadre
[ "Canadian_Armed_Forces\n\nThe Cadet Organizations Administration and Training Service (COATS) consists of officers and non-commissioned members who conduct training, safety, supervision and administration of nearly 60,000 cadets aged 12 to 18 years in the Canadian Cadet Movement. The majority of members in COATS ar...
56df07a33277331400b4d8d3
Who is eligible to serve as a COATS trainer?
Reserve Force Sub-Component COATS
[ "Canadian_Armed_Forces\n\nThe Cadet Organizations Administration and Training Service (COATS) consists of officers and non-commissioned members who conduct training, safety, supervision and administration of nearly 60,000 cadets aged 12 to 18 years in the Canadian Cadet Movement. The majority of members in COATS ar...
56df08453277331400b4d8d9
What do Canadian Rangers perform?
provide surveillance and patrol services
[ "Canadian_Armed_Forces\n\nThe Canadian Rangers, who provide surveillance and patrol services in Canada's arctic and other remote areas, are an essential reserve force component used for Canada's exercise of sovereignty over its northern territory." ]
56df08453277331400b4d8da
Where do the Canadian Rangers operate?
in Canada's arctic
[ "Canadian_Armed_Forces\n\nThe Canadian Rangers, who provide surveillance and patrol services in Canada's arctic and other remote areas, are an essential reserve force component used for Canada's exercise of sovereignty over its northern territory." ]
56df08453277331400b4d8db
Which force are the Rangers part of?
reserve force
[ "Canadian_Armed_Forces\n\nThe Canadian Rangers, who provide surveillance and patrol services in Canada's arctic and other remote areas, are an essential reserve force component used for Canada's exercise of sovereignty over its northern territory." ]
56df08453277331400b4d8dd
What do the Canadian Rangers safekeep?
Canada's exercise of sovereignty over its northern territory
[ "Canadian_Armed_Forces\n\nThe Canadian Rangers, who provide surveillance and patrol services in Canada's arctic and other remote areas, are an essential reserve force component used for Canada's exercise of sovereignty over its northern territory." ]
56df0a103277331400b4d8f7
What is suitable for CAF members to wear on any occasion?
service dress
[ "Canadian_Armed_Forces\n\nOnly service dress is suitable for CAF members to wear on any occasion, barring \"dirty work\" or combat. With gloves, swords, and medals (No. 1 or 1A), it is suitable for ceremonial occasions and \"dressed down\" (No. 3 or lower), it is suitable for daily wear. Generally, after the elimin...
56df0a103277331400b4d8f8
What other parts are there to a uniform?
gloves, swords, and medals
[ "Canadian_Armed_Forces\n\nOnly service dress is suitable for CAF members to wear on any occasion, barring \"dirty work\" or combat. With gloves, swords, and medals (No. 1 or 1A), it is suitable for ceremonial occasions and \"dressed down\" (No. 3 or lower), it is suitable for daily wear. Generally, after the elimin...
56df0a103277331400b4d8f9
What is now the daily uniform worn by members of the CAF?
operational dress is now the daily uniform
[ "Canadian_Armed_Forces\n\nOnly service dress is suitable for CAF members to wear on any occasion, barring \"dirty work\" or combat. With gloves, swords, and medals (No. 1 or 1A), it is suitable for ceremonial occasions and \"dressed down\" (No. 3 or lower), it is suitable for daily wear. Generally, after the elimin...
56df0a103277331400b4d8fa
What can be worn in cold winter weather?
Approved parkas
[ "Canadian_Armed_Forces\n\nOnly service dress is suitable for CAF members to wear on any occasion, barring \"dirty work\" or combat. With gloves, swords, and medals (No. 1 or 1A), it is suitable for ceremonial occasions and \"dressed down\" (No. 3 or lower), it is suitable for daily wear. Generally, after the elimin...
56df0a103277331400b4d8fb
What is only worn for very specific occasions?
a ceremonial/regimental full dress
[ "Canadian_Armed_Forces\n\nOnly service dress is suitable for CAF members to wear on any occasion, barring \"dirty work\" or combat. With gloves, swords, and medals (No. 1 or 1A), it is suitable for ceremonial occasions and \"dressed down\" (No. 3 or lower), it is suitable for daily wear. Generally, after the elimin...
56df0adf3277331400b4d903
What are some of the authorized head dresses for the CAF?
beret, wedge cap, ballcap
[ "Canadian_Armed_Forces\n\nAuthorized headdress for the Canadian Armed Forces are the: beret, wedge cap, ballcap, Yukon cap, and tuque (toque). Each is coloured according to the distinctive uniform worn: navy (white or navy blue), army (rifle green or \"regimental\" colour), air force (light blue). Adherents of the ...
56df0adf3277331400b4d904
Are there specific rules for wearing head dresses?
coloured according to the distinctive uniform worn
[ "Canadian_Armed_Forces\n\nAuthorized headdress for the Canadian Armed Forces are the: beret, wedge cap, ballcap, Yukon cap, and tuque (toque). Each is coloured according to the distinctive uniform worn: navy (white or navy blue), army (rifle green or \"regimental\" colour), air force (light blue). Adherents of the ...
56df0adf3277331400b4d905
What is the most popular head dress worn?
The beret
[ "Canadian_Armed_Forces\n\nAuthorized headdress for the Canadian Armed Forces are the: beret, wedge cap, ballcap, Yukon cap, and tuque (toque). Each is coloured according to the distinctive uniform worn: navy (white or navy blue), army (rifle green or \"regimental\" colour), air force (light blue). Adherents of the ...
56df0adf3277331400b4d907
What headdress does the Canadian Army wear?
CG634 helmet
[ "Canadian_Armed_Forces\n\nAuthorized headdress for the Canadian Armed Forces are the: beret, wedge cap, ballcap, Yukon cap, and tuque (toque). Each is coloured according to the distinctive uniform worn: navy (white or navy blue), army (rifle green or \"regimental\" colour), air force (light blue). Adherents of the ...
56df0c1fc65bf219000b3ef9
What gives the federal government responsibility for national defense?
The Constitution of Canada
[ "Canadian_Armed_Forces\n\nThe Constitution of Canada gives the federal government exclusive responsibility for national defence, and expenditures are thus outlined in the federal budget. For the 2008–2009 fiscal year, the amount allocated for defence spending was CAD$18.9 billion. This regular funding was augmented...
56df0c1fc65bf219000b3efb
What year was an additional 12.5 Billion Canadian Dollars assigned for over five years?
2005
[ "Canadian_Armed_Forces\n\nThe Constitution of Canada gives the federal government exclusive responsibility for national defence, and expenditures are thus outlined in the federal budget. For the 2008–2009 fiscal year, the amount allocated for defence spending was CAD$18.9 billion. This regular funding was augmented...
56dde5409a695914005b9676
In 1059, who was responsible for electing the pope?
the principal clergy of Rome and the bishops of the seven suburbicarian sees.
[ "Cardinal_(Catholicism)\n\nIn 1059, the right of electing the pope was reserved to the principal clergy of Rome and the bishops of the seven suburbicarian sees. In the 12th century the practice of appointing ecclesiastics from outside Rome as cardinals began, with each of them assigned a church in Rome as his titul...
56dde5409a695914005b9678
What were the cardinals assigned?
a church in Rome as his titular church or linked with one of the suburbicarian dioceses
[ "Cardinal_(Catholicism)\n\nIn 1059, the right of electing the pope was reserved to the principal clergy of Rome and the bishops of the seven suburbicarian sees. In the 12th century the practice of appointing ecclesiastics from outside Rome as cardinals began, with each of them assigned a church in Rome as his titul...
56dde6309a695914005b9690
At one time, Priest permanently were assigned to a church were referred to as?
cardinal
[ "Cardinal_(Catholicism)\n\nThe term cardinal at one time applied to any priest permanently assigned or incardinated to a church, or specifically to the senior priest of an important church, based on the Latin cardo (hinge), meaning \"principal\" or \"chief\". The term was applied in this sense as early as the ninth...
56dde6309a695914005b9691
How early was this term used?
ninth century
[ "Cardinal_(Catholicism)\n\nThe term cardinal at one time applied to any priest permanently assigned or incardinated to a church, or specifically to the senior priest of an important church, based on the Latin cardo (hinge), meaning \"principal\" or \"chief\". The term was applied in this sense as early as the ninth...
56dde6309a695914005b9692
The Church of England uses what term that is held by two senior members of the College of Minor Canons of St. Pauls Catherdral?
tituli
[ "Cardinal_(Catholicism)\n\nThe term cardinal at one time applied to any priest permanently assigned or incardinated to a church, or specifically to the senior priest of an important church, based on the Latin cardo (hinge), meaning \"principal\" or \"chief\". The term was applied in this sense as early as the ninth...
56def3ed3277331400b4d848
What Latin word does "cardinal" come from?
cardo
[ "Cardinal_(Catholicism)\n\nThe term cardinal at one time applied to any priest permanently assigned or incardinated to a church, or specifically to the senior priest of an important church, based on the Latin cardo (hinge), meaning \"principal\" or \"chief\". The term was applied in this sense as early as the ninth...
56def3ed3277331400b4d849
Which church still holds on to the original meaning of "cardinal" from the above Latin word?
The Church of England
[ "Cardinal_(Catholicism)\n\nThe term cardinal at one time applied to any priest permanently assigned or incardinated to a church, or specifically to the senior priest of an important church, based on the Latin cardo (hinge), meaning \"principal\" or \"chief\". The term was applied in this sense as early as the ninth...
56dde75466d3e219004dadc4
Who were the first people to be called cardinals in Rome?
the deacons of the seven regions of the city
[ "Cardinal_(Catholicism)\n\nThere is disagreement about the origin of the term, but general consensus that \"cardinalis\" from the word cardo (meaning 'pivot' or 'hinge') was first used in late antiquity to designate a bishop or priest who was incorporated into a church for which he had not originally been ordained....
56dde75466d3e219004dadc5
When were the Roman cardinals perceived as a privleged class among the Roman clergy?
8th century
[ "Cardinal_(Catholicism)\n\nThere is disagreement about the origin of the term, but general consensus that \"cardinalis\" from the word cardo (meaning 'pivot' or 'hinge') was first used in late antiquity to designate a bishop or priest who was incorporated into a church for which he had not originally been ordained....
56dde75466d3e219004dadc6
What year did the ruling "only a cardinal was eligible to become pope" come in effect?
769
[ "Cardinal_(Catholicism)\n\nThere is disagreement about the origin of the term, but general consensus that \"cardinalis\" from the word cardo (meaning 'pivot' or 'hinge') was first used in late antiquity to designate a bishop or priest who was incorporated into a church for which he had not originally been ordained....
56dde75466d3e219004dadc7
Who gave cardinals the right to elect the pope under the Papal Bull In nomine Domini?
Nicholas II
[ "Cardinal_(Catholicism)\n\nThere is disagreement about the origin of the term, but general consensus that \"cardinalis\" from the word cardo (meaning 'pivot' or 'hinge') was first used in late antiquity to designate a bishop or priest who was incorporated into a church for which he had not originally been ordained....
56def5bd3277331400b4d84f
What was it that gave cardinals the right to elect the pope?
the Papal Bull In nomine Domini
[ "Cardinal_(Catholicism)\n\nThere is disagreement about the origin of the term, but general consensus that \"cardinalis\" from the word cardo (meaning 'pivot' or 'hinge') was first used in late antiquity to designate a bishop or priest who was incorporated into a church for which he had not originally been ordained....
56def5bd3277331400b4d850
In what year did the pope allow cardinals to wear the red hats?
1244
[ "Cardinal_(Catholicism)\n\nThere is disagreement about the origin of the term, but general consensus that \"cardinalis\" from the word cardo (meaning 'pivot' or 'hinge') was first used in late antiquity to designate a bishop or priest who was incorporated into a church for which he had not originally been ordained....
56def5bd3277331400b4d851
Who was the pope who gave cardinals the right to wear the hats?
Pope Innocent IV
[ "Cardinal_(Catholicism)\n\nThere is disagreement about the origin of the term, but general consensus that \"cardinalis\" from the word cardo (meaning 'pivot' or 'hinge') was first used in late antiquity to designate a bishop or priest who was incorporated into a church for which he had not originally been ordained....
56dde83666d3e219004dadd1
What term was given to certain church men of honor?
cardinal
[ "Cardinal_(Catholicism)\n\nIn cities other than Rome, the name cardinal began to be applied to certain church men as a mark of honour. The earliest example of this occurs in a letter sent by Pope Zacharias in 747 to Pippin III (the Short), ruler of the Franks, in which Zacharias applied the title to the priests of ...
56dde83666d3e219004dadd2
When is the earliest date of using the term cardinal as honorable church men used?
747
[ "Cardinal_(Catholicism)\n\nIn cities other than Rome, the name cardinal began to be applied to certain church men as a mark of honour. The earliest example of this occurs in a letter sent by Pope Zacharias in 747 to Pippin III (the Short), ruler of the Franks, in which Zacharias applied the title to the priests of ...
56dde83666d3e219004dadd4
When was the title of cardinal reserved for the cardinals of Rome by Pius V?
1567
[ "Cardinal_(Catholicism)\n\nIn cities other than Rome, the name cardinal began to be applied to certain church men as a mark of honour. The earliest example of this occurs in a letter sent by Pope Zacharias in 747 to Pippin III (the Short), ruler of the Franks, in which Zacharias applied the title to the priests of ...
56def6ffc65bf219000b3e53
In regards to the word "cardinal" being used in cities other than Rome, who sent a letter to Pippin III?
Pope Zacharias
[ "Cardinal_(Catholicism)\n\nIn cities other than Rome, the name cardinal began to be applied to certain church men as a mark of honour. The earliest example of this occurs in a letter sent by Pope Zacharias in 747 to Pippin III (the Short), ruler of the Franks, in which Zacharias applied the title to the priests of ...
56def6ffc65bf219000b3e54
In what year was the letter sent?
747
[ "Cardinal_(Catholicism)\n\nIn cities other than Rome, the name cardinal began to be applied to certain church men as a mark of honour. The earliest example of this occurs in a letter sent by Pope Zacharias in 747 to Pippin III (the Short), ruler of the Franks, in which Zacharias applied the title to the priests of ...
56def6ffc65bf219000b3e55
Which pope declared that cardinals would be from Rome?
Pius V.
[ "Cardinal_(Catholicism)\n\nIn cities other than Rome, the name cardinal began to be applied to certain church men as a mark of honour. The earliest example of this occurs in a letter sent by Pope Zacharias in 747 to Pippin III (the Short), ruler of the Franks, in which Zacharias applied the title to the priests of ...
56def6ffc65bf219000b3e56
In what year did the pope make the declaration?
1567
[ "Cardinal_(Catholicism)\n\nIn cities other than Rome, the name cardinal began to be applied to certain church men as a mark of honour. The earliest example of this occurs in a letter sent by Pope Zacharias in 747 to Pippin III (the Short), ruler of the Franks, in which Zacharias applied the title to the priests of ...
56dde8fd66d3e219004dade9
In what year did Pope Pius IV wrote abou tthe selecting of cardinals?
1563
[ "Cardinal_(Catholicism)\n\nIn the year 1563 the influential Ecumenical Council of Trent, headed by Pope Pius IV, wrote about the importance of selecting good Cardinals. According to this historic council \"nothing is more necessary to the Church of God than that the holy Roman pontiff apply that solicitude which by...
56dde8fd66d3e219004dadea
Who was in charge of the Ecumenical Council of Trent?
Pope Pius IV
[ "Cardinal_(Catholicism)\n\nIn the year 1563 the influential Ecumenical Council of Trent, headed by Pope Pius IV, wrote about the importance of selecting good Cardinals. According to this historic council \"nothing is more necessary to the Church of God than that the holy Roman pontiff apply that solicitude which by...
56def865c65bf219000b3e5b
In what year did the Ecumenical Council of Trent write in regards to the selection of Cardinals?
1563
[ "Cardinal_(Catholicism)\n\nIn the year 1563 the influential Ecumenical Council of Trent, headed by Pope Pius IV, wrote about the importance of selecting good Cardinals. According to this historic council \"nothing is more necessary to the Church of God than that the holy Roman pontiff apply that solicitude which by...
56def865c65bf219000b3e5c
Who was the pope who headed the Ecumencial Council of Trent in that year?
Pope Pius IV
[ "Cardinal_(Catholicism)\n\nIn the year 1563 the influential Ecumenical Council of Trent, headed by Pope Pius IV, wrote about the importance of selecting good Cardinals. According to this historic council \"nothing is more necessary to the Church of God than that the holy Roman pontiff apply that solicitude which by...
56dde98d9a695914005b96aa
Who were generally temporal rulers?
French kings
[ "Cardinal_(Catholicism)\n\nThe earlier influence of temporal rulers, notably the French kings, reasserted itself through the influence of cardinals of certain nationalities or politically significant movements. Traditions even developed entitling certain monarchs, including those of Austria, Spain, and Portugal, to...
56ddea8366d3e219004dae05
In what roles did cardinals have important roles?
secular affairs.
[ "Cardinal_(Catholicism)\n\nIn early modern times, cardinals often had important roles in secular affairs. In some cases, they took on powerful positions in government. In Henry VIII's England, his chief minister was Cardinal Wolsey. Cardinal Richelieu's power was so great that he was for many years effectively the ...
56ddea8366d3e219004dae07
What Caridinal had powers so great that he basically ran France?
Cardinal Richelieu
[ "Cardinal_(Catholicism)\n\nIn early modern times, cardinals often had important roles in secular affairs. In some cases, they took on powerful positions in government. In Henry VIII's England, his chief minister was Cardinal Wolsey. Cardinal Richelieu's power was so great that he was for many years effectively the ...
56df0f68c65bf219000b3f12
Which cardinal acted a the leader of France due to his amount of power?
Cardinal Richelieu
[ "Cardinal_(Catholicism)\n\nIn early modern times, cardinals often had important roles in secular affairs. In some cases, they took on powerful positions in government. In Henry VIII's England, his chief minister was Cardinal Wolsey. Cardinal Richelieu's power was so great that he was for many years effectively the ...
56df0f68c65bf219000b3f14
Who is the only person to ever become a cardinal king?
Henry, King of Portugal
[ "Cardinal_(Catholicism)\n\nIn early modern times, cardinals often had important roles in secular affairs. In some cases, they took on powerful positions in government. In Henry VIII's England, his chief minister was Cardinal Wolsey. Cardinal Richelieu's power was so great that he was for many years effectively the ...
56ddeb0c9a695914005b96b8
Pope Sixtus V limited the number of cardinals to?
70
[ "Cardinal_(Catholicism)\n\nPope Sixtus V limited the number of cardinals to 70, comprising six cardinal bishops, 50 cardinal priests, and 14 cardinal deacons. Starting in the pontificate of Pope John XXIII, that limit has been exceeded. At the start of 1971, Pope Paul VI set the number of cardinal electors at a max...
56ddeb0c9a695914005b96b9
What did the composition of the cardinals consist of?
comprising six cardinal bishops, 50 cardinal priests, and 14 cardinal deacons.
[ "Cardinal_(Catholicism)\n\nPope Sixtus V limited the number of cardinals to 70, comprising six cardinal bishops, 50 cardinal priests, and 14 cardinal deacons. Starting in the pontificate of Pope John XXIII, that limit has been exceeded. At the start of 1971, Pope Paul VI set the number of cardinal electors at a max...
56ddeb0c9a695914005b96ba
During who's term did the ruling exceed?
Pope John XXIII
[ "Cardinal_(Catholicism)\n\nPope Sixtus V limited the number of cardinals to 70, comprising six cardinal bishops, 50 cardinal priests, and 14 cardinal deacons. Starting in the pontificate of Pope John XXIII, that limit has been exceeded. At the start of 1971, Pope Paul VI set the number of cardinal electors at a max...
56ddeb0c9a695914005b96bb
Pope Paul VI increse the number of cardinal electors to?
120
[ "Cardinal_(Catholicism)\n\nPope Sixtus V limited the number of cardinals to 70, comprising six cardinal bishops, 50 cardinal priests, and 14 cardinal deacons. Starting in the pontificate of Pope John XXIII, that limit has been exceeded. At the start of 1971, Pope Paul VI set the number of cardinal electors at a max...
56ddeb0c9a695914005b96bc
What is the maximum age for electors?
80
[ "Cardinal_(Catholicism)\n\nPope Sixtus V limited the number of cardinals to 70, comprising six cardinal bishops, 50 cardinal priests, and 14 cardinal deacons. Starting in the pontificate of Pope John XXIII, that limit has been exceeded. At the start of 1971, Pope Paul VI set the number of cardinal electors at a max...
56df10063277331400b4d92b
Pope Paul VI raised the cap on cardinal electors from 70 to what?
120
[ "Cardinal_(Catholicism)\n\nPope Sixtus V limited the number of cardinals to 70, comprising six cardinal bishops, 50 cardinal priests, and 14 cardinal deacons. Starting in the pontificate of Pope John XXIII, that limit has been exceeded. At the start of 1971, Pope Paul VI set the number of cardinal electors at a max...
56df10063277331400b4d92c
Pope Paul VI had no cap on what?
the number of cardinals generally
[ "Cardinal_(Catholicism)\n\nPope Sixtus V limited the number of cardinals to 70, comprising six cardinal bishops, 50 cardinal priests, and 14 cardinal deacons. Starting in the pontificate of Pope John XXIII, that limit has been exceeded. At the start of 1971, Pope Paul VI set the number of cardinal electors at a max...
56ddeba09a695914005b96c2
Where do the cardinals work?
a church in the city of Rome or one of the suburbicarian sees
[ "Cardinal_(Catholicism)\n\nEach cardinal takes on a titular church, either a church in the city of Rome or one of the suburbicarian sees. The only exception is for patriarchs of Eastern Catholic Churches. Nevertheless, cardinals possess no power of governance nor are they to intervene in any way in matters which pe...
56ddec019a695914005b96ca
Who receives the hishopric of Ostia?
The Dean of the College of Cardinals
[ "Cardinal_(Catholicism)\n\nThe Dean of the College of Cardinals in addition to such a titular church also receives the titular bishopric of Ostia, the primary suburbicarian see. Cardinals governing a particular Church retain that church." ]
56df108ac65bf219000b3f1b
What other title does the Dean of Collge of Cardinals receive upon appointment?
titular bishopric of Ostia
[ "Cardinal_(Catholicism)\n\nThe Dean of the College of Cardinals in addition to such a titular church also receives the titular bishopric of Ostia, the primary suburbicarian see. Cardinals governing a particular Church retain that church." ]
56ddec6666d3e219004dae0f
In was year was the title decreed Eminence?
1630
[ "Cardinal_(Catholicism)\n\nIn 1630, Pope Urban VIII decreed their title to be Eminence (previously, it had been \"illustrissimo\" and \"reverendissimo\") and decreed that their secular rank would equate to Prince, making them secondary only to the Pope and crowned monarchs." ]
56ddec6666d3e219004dae10
Who decreed this?
Pope Urban VIII
[ "Cardinal_(Catholicism)\n\nIn 1630, Pope Urban VIII decreed their title to be Eminence (previously, it had been \"illustrissimo\" and \"reverendissimo\") and decreed that their secular rank would equate to Prince, making them secondary only to the Pope and crowned monarchs." ]
56ddec6666d3e219004dae11
What rank did the Eminece decree assigned?
Prince
[ "Cardinal_(Catholicism)\n\nIn 1630, Pope Urban VIII decreed their title to be Eminence (previously, it had been \"illustrissimo\" and \"reverendissimo\") and decreed that their secular rank would equate to Prince, making them secondary only to the Pope and crowned monarchs." ]
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Who held more power then the cardinal?
the Pope and crowned monarchs
[ "Cardinal_(Catholicism)\n\nIn 1630, Pope Urban VIII decreed their title to be Eminence (previously, it had been \"illustrissimo\" and \"reverendissimo\") and decreed that their secular rank would equate to Prince, making them secondary only to the Pope and crowned monarchs." ]
56df057ec65bf219000b3ee3
Which pope decided that being pope was equal to being a prince?
Pope Urban VIII
[ "Cardinal_(Catholicism)\n\nIn 1630, Pope Urban VIII decreed their title to be Eminence (previously, it had been \"illustrissimo\" and \"reverendissimo\") and decreed that their secular rank would equate to Prince, making them secondary only to the Pope and crowned monarchs." ]
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The Archdiocese of Milwaukee says that the correct way to address a cardinal in English is?
"Cardinal [First name] [Surname]"
[ "Cardinal_(Catholicism)\n\nIn accordance with tradition, they sign by placing the title \"Cardinal\" (abbreviated Card.) after their personal name and before their surname as, for instance, \"John Card(inal) Doe\" or, in Latin, \"Ioannes Card(inalis) Cognomen\". Some writers, such as James-Charles Noonan, hold that...
56df08cb3277331400b4d8e3
What is the proper way to address a cardinal according to the Archdiocese of Milwaukee?
Cardinal [First name] [Surname]
[ "Cardinal_(Catholicism)\n\nIn accordance with tradition, they sign by placing the title \"Cardinal\" (abbreviated Card.) after their personal name and before their surname as, for instance, \"John Card(inal) Doe\" or, in Latin, \"Ioannes Card(inalis) Cognomen\". Some writers, such as James-Charles Noonan, hold that...
56df08cb3277331400b4d8e4
How do cardinals sign traditionally?
by placing the title "Cardinal" (abbreviated Card.) after their personal name and before their surname
[ "Cardinal_(Catholicism)\n\nIn accordance with tradition, they sign by placing the title \"Cardinal\" (abbreviated Card.) after their personal name and before their surname as, for instance, \"John Card(inal) Doe\" or, in Latin, \"Ioannes Card(inalis) Cognomen\". Some writers, such as James-Charles Noonan, hold that...
56df08cb3277331400b4d8e5
How do Oriental Patriarchs sign?
Sanctae Ecclesiae Cardinalis
[ "Cardinal_(Catholicism)\n\nIn accordance with tradition, they sign by placing the title \"Cardinal\" (abbreviated Card.) after their personal name and before their surname as, for instance, \"John Card(inal) Doe\" or, in Latin, \"Ioannes Card(inalis) Cognomen\". Some writers, such as James-Charles Noonan, hold that...
56df08cb3277331400b4d8e6
Why do Oriental Patriarchs sign this way?
because they do not belong to the Roman clergy
[ "Cardinal_(Catholicism)\n\nIn accordance with tradition, they sign by placing the title \"Cardinal\" (abbreviated Card.) after their personal name and before their surname as, for instance, \"John Card(inal) Doe\" or, in Latin, \"Ioannes Card(inalis) Cognomen\". Some writers, such as James-Charles Noonan, hold that...
56ddee7066d3e219004dae25
What way is used to announce the election of a new pope in Latin?
[First name] Cardinal [Surname]
[ "Cardinal_(Catholicism)\n\nIn Latin, on the other hand, the [First name] Cardinal [Surname] order is used in the proclamation of the election of a new pope by the cardinal protodeacon: \"Annuntio vobis gaudium magnum; habemus Papam: Eminentissimum ac Reverendissimum Dominum, Dominum (first name) Sanctae Romanae Ecc...
56ddee7066d3e219004dae26
What should the new pople have been before becoming a pope?
Cardinal
[ "Cardinal_(Catholicism)\n\nIn Latin, on the other hand, the [First name] Cardinal [Surname] order is used in the proclamation of the election of a new pope by the cardinal protodeacon: \"Annuntio vobis gaudium magnum; habemus Papam: Eminentissimum ac Reverendissimum Dominum, Dominum (first name) Sanctae Romanae Ecc...
56ddee7066d3e219004dae27
When was the most recent election of a non-cardinal?
1378
[ "Cardinal_(Catholicism)\n\nIn Latin, on the other hand, the [First name] Cardinal [Surname] order is used in the proclamation of the election of a new pope by the cardinal protodeacon: \"Annuntio vobis gaudium magnum; habemus Papam: Eminentissimum ac Reverendissimum Dominum, Dominum (first name) Sanctae Romanae Ecc...
56df090bc65bf219000b3ef1
When is the last time a non cardinal was elected as pope?
1378
[ "Cardinal_(Catholicism)\n\nIn Latin, on the other hand, the [First name] Cardinal [Surname] order is used in the proclamation of the election of a new pope by the cardinal protodeacon: \"Annuntio vobis gaudium magnum; habemus Papam: Eminentissimum ac Reverendissimum Dominum, Dominum (first name) Sanctae Romanae Ecc...
56ddf05366d3e219004dae2f
Do any sees carry the right to the cardinalate?
no
[ "Cardinal_(Catholicism)\n\nWhile the incumbents of some sees are regularly made cardinals, and some countries are entitled to at least one cardinal by concordate (usually earning its primate the cardinal's hat), no see carries an actual right to the cardinalate, not even if its bishop is a Patriarch." ]
56df09693277331400b4d8f5
Despite some traditions and rights, no see has the right to what?
the cardinalate
[ "Cardinal_(Catholicism)\n\nWhile the incumbents of some sees are regularly made cardinals, and some countries are entitled to at least one cardinal by concordate (usually earning its primate the cardinal's hat), no see carries an actual right to the cardinalate, not even if its bishop is a Patriarch." ]
56ddf0d99a695914005b96f6
Who are among the most senior members of the Catholic Church?
Cardinal bishops
[ "Cardinal_(Catholicism)\n\nCardinal bishops (cardinals of the episcopal order) are among the most senior prelates of the Catholic Church. Though in modern times most cardinals are also bishops, the term \"cardinal bishop\" only refers to the cardinals who are titular bishops of one of the \"suburbicarian\" sees." ]
56ddf0d99a695914005b96f7
What is a cardinal bishop?
cardinals of the episcopal order
[ "Cardinal_(Catholicism)\n\nCardinal bishops (cardinals of the episcopal order) are among the most senior prelates of the Catholic Church. Though in modern times most cardinals are also bishops, the term \"cardinal bishop\" only refers to the cardinals who are titular bishops of one of the \"suburbicarian\" sees." ]
56df0a4e3277331400b4d901
Some cardinals are bishop in name only, what are they called?
Cardinal bishops
[ "Cardinal_(Catholicism)\n\nCardinal bishops (cardinals of the episcopal order) are among the most senior prelates of the Catholic Church. Though in modern times most cardinals are also bishops, the term \"cardinal bishop\" only refers to the cardinals who are titular bishops of one of the \"suburbicarian\" sees." ]
56ddf1759a695914005b9706
In early times, who was generally electied to cardinal?
a Roman priest
[ "Cardinal_(Catholicism)\n\nIn early times, the privilege of papal election was not reserved to the cardinals, and for centuries the person elected was customarily a Roman priest and never a bishop from elsewhere. To preserve apostolic succession the rite of consecrating him a bishop had to be performed by someone w...
56ddf1759a695914005b9707
Why did the ceromony of consecrating a bishop have to be preformed by someone who was already a bishop?
To preserve apostolic succession
[ "Cardinal_(Catholicism)\n\nIn early times, the privilege of papal election was not reserved to the cardinals, and for centuries the person elected was customarily a Roman priest and never a bishop from elsewhere. To preserve apostolic succession the rite of consecrating him a bishop had to be performed by someone w...
56ddf1759a695914005b9708
What is the rule if the peson elected is not a bishop?
he is consecrated by the Dean of the College of Cardinals, the Cardinal Bishop of Ostia.
[ "Cardinal_(Catholicism)\n\nIn early times, the privilege of papal election was not reserved to the cardinals, and for centuries the person elected was customarily a Roman priest and never a bishop from elsewhere. To preserve apostolic succession the rite of consecrating him a bishop had to be performed by someone w...
56df0afa3277331400b4d90d
What happens if a Pope is elected who is not a bishop?
he is consecrated by the Dean of the College of Cardinals, the Cardinal Bishop of Ostia.
[ "Cardinal_(Catholicism)\n\nIn early times, the privilege of papal election was not reserved to the cardinals, and for centuries the person elected was customarily a Roman priest and never a bishop from elsewhere. To preserve apostolic succession the rite of consecrating him a bishop had to be performed by someone w...
56ddf1f266d3e219004dae43
How many suburbicarian sees?
seven
[ "Cardinal_(Catholicism)\n\nThere are seven suburbicarian sees: Ostia, Albano, Porto and Santa Rufina, Palestrina, Sabina and Mentana, Frascati and Velletri. Velletri was united with Ostia from 1150 until 1914, when Pope Pius X separated them again, but decreed that whatever cardinal bishop became Dean of the Colleg...
56ddf1f266d3e219004dae45
When were the two sees combined?
1150 until 1914
[ "Cardinal_(Catholicism)\n\nThere are seven suburbicarian sees: Ostia, Albano, Porto and Santa Rufina, Palestrina, Sabina and Mentana, Frascati and Velletri. Velletri was united with Ostia from 1150 until 1914, when Pope Pius X separated them again, but decreed that whatever cardinal bishop became Dean of the Colleg...
56ddf1f266d3e219004dae46
Who separated them?
Pope Pius X
[ "Cardinal_(Catholicism)\n\nThere are seven suburbicarian sees: Ostia, Albano, Porto and Santa Rufina, Palestrina, Sabina and Mentana, Frascati and Velletri. Velletri was united with Ostia from 1150 until 1914, when Pope Pius X separated them again, but decreed that whatever cardinal bishop became Dean of the Colleg...
56df0b313277331400b4d911
What are the seven sees?
Ostia, Albano, Porto and Santa Rufina, Palestrina, Sabina and Mentana, Frascati and Velletri
[ "Cardinal_(Catholicism)\n\nThere are seven suburbicarian sees: Ostia, Albano, Porto and Santa Rufina, Palestrina, Sabina and Mentana, Frascati and Velletri. Velletri was united with Ostia from 1150 until 1914, when Pope Pius X separated them again, but decreed that whatever cardinal bishop became Dean of the Colleg...
56ddf25a9a695914005b9714
Cardinal bishops do not have any powers of governnace over the suburibicarian see since when?
1962
[ "Cardinal_(Catholicism)\n\nSince 1962, the cardinal bishops have only a titular relationship with the suburbicarian sees, with no powers of governance over them. Each see has its own bishop, with the exception of Ostia, in which the Cardinal Vicar of the see of Rome is apostolic administrator." ]
56ddf25a9a695914005b9716
Which see doesn't have its own bishop?
Ostia
[ "Cardinal_(Catholicism)\n\nSince 1962, the cardinal bishops have only a titular relationship with the suburbicarian sees, with no powers of governance over them. Each see has its own bishop, with the exception of Ostia, in which the Cardinal Vicar of the see of Rome is apostolic administrator." ]
56ddf25a9a695914005b9717
Who is in charge of Ostia?
Cardinal Vicar of the see of Rome is apostolic administrator.
[ "Cardinal_(Catholicism)\n\nSince 1962, the cardinal bishops have only a titular relationship with the suburbicarian sees, with no powers of governance over them. Each see has its own bishop, with the exception of Ostia, in which the Cardinal Vicar of the see of Rome is apostolic administrator." ]