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5e6147fd_hapter_9_Flashcards___Cram_com__2
[1] What does a higher temp generally do [2]
speed up reaction
[]
BIOL 221 Chapter 9 Flashcards - Cram.com
2
http://www.cram.com/flashcards/biol-221-chapter-9-584679
43/1438042989042.37_20150728002309-00219-ip-10-236-191-2_388866189_0.json
5e6147fd_hapter_9_Flashcards___Cram_com__2
[1] What are some organic substances that protect mos [2]
sugar, fat, polysaccharide
[]
BIOL 221 Chapter 9 Flashcards - Cram.com
2
http://www.cram.com/flashcards/biol-221-chapter-9-584679
43/1438042989042.37_20150728002309-00219-ip-10-236-191-2_388866189_0.json
5e6147fd_hapter_9_Flashcards___Cram_com__2
[1] What does chlorine work best in [2]
acidic pH
[]
BIOL 221 Chapter 9 Flashcards - Cram.com
2
http://www.cram.com/flashcards/biol-221-chapter-9-584679
43/1438042989042.37_20150728002309-00219-ip-10-236-191-2_388866189_0.json
5e6147fd_hapter_9_Flashcards___Cram_com__2
[1] In acidic env't, mos can be killed... [2]
with a lower temperature
[]
BIOL 221 Chapter 9 Flashcards - Cram.com
2
http://www.cram.com/flashcards/biol-221-chapter-9-584679
43/1438042989042.37_20150728002309-00219-ip-10-236-191-2_388866189_0.json
5e6147fd_hapter_9_Flashcards___Cram_com__2
[1] What is the only exception to the fact that antimicrobial effect increases with the concentration or dosage [2]
alcohol
[]
BIOL 221 Chapter 9 Flashcards - Cram.com
2
http://www.cram.com/flashcards/biol-221-chapter-9-584679
43/1438042989042.37_20150728002309-00219-ip-10-236-191-2_388866189_0.json
5e6147fd_hapter_9_Flashcards___Cram_com__2
[1] What must alcohol be used with [2]
water
[]
BIOL 221 Chapter 9 Flashcards - Cram.com
2
http://www.cram.com/flashcards/biol-221-chapter-9-584679
43/1438042989042.37_20150728002309-00219-ip-10-236-191-2_388866189_0.json
5e6147fd_hapter_9_Flashcards___Cram_com__2
[1] What do microbial control agents do? [2]
alternation of membrane permeability, damage to proteins, damage to nucleic acids
[]
BIOL 221 Chapter 9 Flashcards - Cram.com
2
http://www.cram.com/flashcards/biol-221-chapter-9-584679
43/1438042989042.37_20150728002309-00219-ip-10-236-191-2_388866189_0.json
5e6147fd_hapter_9_Flashcards___Cram_com__2
[1] What is the time to kill all cells in a culture with heat [2]
thermal death time
[]
BIOL 221 Chapter 9 Flashcards - Cram.com
2
http://www.cram.com/flashcards/biol-221-chapter-9-584679
43/1438042989042.37_20150728002309-00219-ip-10-236-191-2_388866189_0.json
5e6147fd_hapter_9_Flashcards___Cram_com__2
[1] What is the lowest temperature at which all cells in a culture are killed in 10 minutes [2]
thermal death point
[]
BIOL 221 Chapter 9 Flashcards - Cram.com
2
http://www.cram.com/flashcards/biol-221-chapter-9-584679
43/1438042989042.37_20150728002309-00219-ip-10-236-191-2_388866189_0.json
5e6147fd_hapter_9_Flashcards___Cram_com__2
[1] What is the minutes it takes to kill 90% of a population at a given temperature [2]
decimal reduction time
[]
BIOL 221 Chapter 9 Flashcards - Cram.com
2
http://www.cram.com/flashcards/biol-221-chapter-9-584679
43/1438042989042.37_20150728002309-00219-ip-10-236-191-2_388866189_0.json
5e6147fd_hapter_9_Flashcards___Cram_com__2
[1] What is the commonly used time? [2]
decimal reduction time
[]
BIOL 221 Chapter 9 Flashcards - Cram.com
2
http://www.cram.com/flashcards/biol-221-chapter-9-584679
43/1438042989042.37_20150728002309-00219-ip-10-236-191-2_388866189_0.json
5e6147fd_hapter_9_Flashcards___Cram_com__2
[1] What does a longer TDT (thermal death time) mean? [2]
harder and more resistant
[]
BIOL 221 Chapter 9 Flashcards - Cram.com
2
http://www.cram.com/flashcards/biol-221-chapter-9-584679
43/1438042989042.37_20150728002309-00219-ip-10-236-191-2_388866189_0.json
5e6147fd_hapter_9_Flashcards___Cram_com__2
[1] What is the most commonly used method? [2]
heat?
[]
BIOL 221 Chapter 9 Flashcards - Cram.com
2
http://www.cram.com/flashcards/biol-221-chapter-9-584679
43/1438042989042.37_20150728002309-00219-ip-10-236-191-2_388866189_0.json
5e6147fd_hapter_9_Flashcards___Cram_com__2
[1] What does moist heat do? [2]
denature proteins
[]
BIOL 221 Chapter 9 Flashcards - Cram.com
2
http://www.cram.com/flashcards/biol-221-chapter-9-584679
43/1438042989042.37_20150728002309-00219-ip-10-236-191-2_388866189_0.json
5e6147fd_hapter_9_Flashcards___Cram_com__2
[1] What is steam under pressure [2]
autoclave
[]
BIOL 221 Chapter 9 Flashcards - Cram.com
2
http://www.cram.com/flashcards/biol-221-chapter-9-584679
43/1438042989042.37_20150728002309-00219-ip-10-236-191-2_388866189_0.json
5e6147fd_hapter_9_Flashcards___Cram_com__2
[1] What are some examples of moist heat [2]
boiling, autoclave
[]
BIOL 221 Chapter 9 Flashcards - Cram.com
2
http://www.cram.com/flashcards/biol-221-chapter-9-584679
43/1438042989042.37_20150728002309-00219-ip-10-236-191-2_388866189_0.json
5e6147fd_hapter_9_Flashcards___Cram_com__2
[1] in order to heat water above 100 degrees C at sea level, what must you do? [2]
use pressure
[]
BIOL 221 Chapter 9 Flashcards - Cram.com
2
http://www.cram.com/flashcards/biol-221-chapter-9-584679
43/1438042989042.37_20150728002309-00219-ip-10-236-191-2_388866189_0.json
5e6147fd_hapter_9_Flashcards___Cram_com__2
[1] The higher the pressure... [2]
the higher the boiling point
[]
BIOL 221 Chapter 9 Flashcards - Cram.com
2
http://www.cram.com/flashcards/biol-221-chapter-9-584679
43/1438042989042.37_20150728002309-00219-ip-10-236-191-2_388866189_0.json
5e6147fd_hapter_9_Flashcards___Cram_com__2
[1] What are some things you should not autoclave? [2]
heat sensitive, flour, milk powder, vitamins, antibiotics, water insoluble substnaces
[]
BIOL 221 Chapter 9 Flashcards - Cram.com
2
http://www.cram.com/flashcards/biol-221-chapter-9-584679
43/1438042989042.37_20150728002309-00219-ip-10-236-191-2_388866189_0.json
5e6147fd_hapter_9_Flashcards___Cram_com__2
[1] What will a larger volume mean for autoclaving? [2]
longer to penetrate
[]
BIOL 221 Chapter 9 Flashcards - Cram.com
2
http://www.cram.com/flashcards/biol-221-chapter-9-584679
43/1438042989042.37_20150728002309-00219-ip-10-236-191-2_388866189_0.json
5e6147fd_hapter_9_Flashcards___Cram_com__2
[1] What is the protein that causes mad cow disease [2]
prion
[]
BIOL 221 Chapter 9 Flashcards - Cram.com
2
http://www.cram.com/flashcards/biol-221-chapter-9-584679
43/1438042989042.37_20150728002309-00219-ip-10-236-191-2_388866189_0.json
5e6147fd_hapter_9_Flashcards___Cram_com__2
[1] What degrees is boiling [2]
100 degrees
[]
BIOL 221 Chapter 9 Flashcards - Cram.com
2
http://www.cram.com/flashcards/biol-221-chapter-9-584679
43/1438042989042.37_20150728002309-00219-ip-10-236-191-2_388866189_0.json
5e6147fd_hapter_9_Flashcards___Cram_com__2
[1] Can you use boiling for sterilization [2]
no, cannot kill endospores
[]
BIOL 221 Chapter 9 Flashcards - Cram.com
2
http://www.cram.com/flashcards/biol-221-chapter-9-584679
43/1438042989042.37_20150728002309-00219-ip-10-236-191-2_388866189_0.json
5e6147fd_hapter_9_Flashcards___Cram_com__2
[1] Does boiling kill vegetative cells [2]
yes
[]
BIOL 221 Chapter 9 Flashcards - Cram.com
2
http://www.cram.com/flashcards/biol-221-chapter-9-584679
43/1438042989042.37_20150728002309-00219-ip-10-236-191-2_388866189_0.json
5e6147fd_hapter_9_Flashcards___Cram_com__2
[1] Does boiling kill viruses [2]
some
[]
BIOL 221 Chapter 9 Flashcards - Cram.com
2
http://www.cram.com/flashcards/biol-221-chapter-9-584679
43/1438042989042.37_20150728002309-00219-ip-10-236-191-2_388866189_0.json
5e6147fd_hapter_9_Flashcards___Cram_com__2
[1] Does boiling kill endospores [2]
no
[]
BIOL 221 Chapter 9 Flashcards - Cram.com
2
http://www.cram.com/flashcards/biol-221-chapter-9-584679
43/1438042989042.37_20150728002309-00219-ip-10-236-191-2_388866189_0.json
5e6147fd_hapter_9_Flashcards___Cram_com__2
[1] Does boiling kill mold spores [2]
probably
[]
BIOL 221 Chapter 9 Flashcards - Cram.com
2
http://www.cram.com/flashcards/biol-221-chapter-9-584679
43/1438042989042.37_20150728002309-00219-ip-10-236-191-2_388866189_0.json
5e6147fd_hapter_9_Flashcards___Cram_com__2
[1] What is a mild heat treatment used to reduce spoilage organisms and pathogens [2]
pasteurization
[]
BIOL 221 Chapter 9 Flashcards - Cram.com
2
http://www.cram.com/flashcards/biol-221-chapter-9-584679
43/1438042989042.37_20150728002309-00219-ip-10-236-191-2_388866189_0.json
5e6147fd_hapter_9_Flashcards___Cram_com__2
[1] What are some things that are pasteurized [2]
milk, OJ, cheese, sauerkraut
[]
BIOL 221 Chapter 9 Flashcards - Cram.com
2
http://www.cram.com/flashcards/biol-221-chapter-9-584679
43/1438042989042.37_20150728002309-00219-ip-10-236-191-2_388866189_0.json
5e6147fd_hapter_9_Flashcards___Cram_com__2
[1] What are the types of pasteurization [2]
low temp holding, high temp short time, ultra high temp
[]
BIOL 221 Chapter 9 Flashcards - Cram.com
2
http://www.cram.com/flashcards/biol-221-chapter-9-584679
43/1438042989042.37_20150728002309-00219-ip-10-236-191-2_388866189_0.json
5e6147fd_hapter_9_Flashcards___Cram_com__2
[1] what is low temp holding? [2]
use a low temp about 63 degrees celsius for 30 minutes
[]
BIOL 221 Chapter 9 Flashcards - Cram.com
2
http://www.cram.com/flashcards/biol-221-chapter-9-584679
43/1438042989042.37_20150728002309-00219-ip-10-236-191-2_388866189_0.json
5e6147fd_hapter_9_Flashcards___Cram_com__2
[1] What is high temp short time [2]
72 degrees C for 15 seconds
[]
BIOL 221 Chapter 9 Flashcards - Cram.com
2
http://www.cram.com/flashcards/biol-221-chapter-9-584679
43/1438042989042.37_20150728002309-00219-ip-10-236-191-2_388866189_0.json
5e6147fd_hapter_9_Flashcards___Cram_com__2
[1] What is ultra high temp? [2]
140 degrees celsius for less than one second
[]
BIOL 221 Chapter 9 Flashcards - Cram.com
2
http://www.cram.com/flashcards/biol-221-chapter-9-584679
43/1438042989042.37_20150728002309-00219-ip-10-236-191-2_388866189_0.json
5e6147fd_hapter_9_Flashcards___Cram_com__2
[1] What can destroy milk over time [2]
enzymes
[]
BIOL 221 Chapter 9 Flashcards - Cram.com
2
http://www.cram.com/flashcards/biol-221-chapter-9-584679
43/1438042989042.37_20150728002309-00219-ip-10-236-191-2_388866189_0.json
5e6147fd_hapter_9_Flashcards___Cram_com__2
[1] What organisms survive pasteurization [2]
thermoduric
[]
BIOL 221 Chapter 9 Flashcards - Cram.com
2
http://www.cram.com/flashcards/biol-221-chapter-9-584679
43/1438042989042.37_20150728002309-00219-ip-10-236-191-2_388866189_0.json
5e6147fd_hapter_9_Flashcards___Cram_com__2
[1] What is special about ultra high temperature [2]
can be shelf stored because it kills spoilage pathogens
[]
BIOL 221 Chapter 9 Flashcards - Cram.com
2
http://www.cram.com/flashcards/biol-221-chapter-9-584679
43/1438042989042.37_20150728002309-00219-ip-10-236-191-2_388866189_0.json
5e6147fd_hapter_9_Flashcards___Cram_com__2
[1] How does dry heat kill [2]
oxidation
[]
BIOL 221 Chapter 9 Flashcards - Cram.com
2
http://www.cram.com/flashcards/biol-221-chapter-9-584679
43/1438042989042.37_20150728002309-00219-ip-10-236-191-2_388866189_0.json
5e6147fd_hapter_9_Flashcards___Cram_com__2
[1] Does dry heat penetrate [2]
no
[]
BIOL 221 Chapter 9 Flashcards - Cram.com
2
http://www.cram.com/flashcards/biol-221-chapter-9-584679
43/1438042989042.37_20150728002309-00219-ip-10-236-191-2_388866189_0.json
5e6147fd_hapter_9_Flashcards___Cram_com__2
[1] What requires a higher temp and longer exposure due to slow penetration [2]
dry heat
[]
BIOL 221 Chapter 9 Flashcards - Cram.com
2
http://www.cram.com/flashcards/biol-221-chapter-9-584679
43/1438042989042.37_20150728002309-00219-ip-10-236-191-2_388866189_0.json
5e6147fd_hapter_9_Flashcards___Cram_com__2
[1] What are some examples of dry heat? [2]
flaming, incineration, hot air sterilization
[]
BIOL 221 Chapter 9 Flashcards - Cram.com
2
http://www.cram.com/flashcards/biol-221-chapter-9-584679
43/1438042989042.37_20150728002309-00219-ip-10-236-191-2_388866189_0.json
5e6147fd_hapter_9_Flashcards___Cram_com__2
[1] What is the oven equivalent to dry heat [2]
hot air oven 170 degrees C for 2 hours
[]
BIOL 221 Chapter 9 Flashcards - Cram.com
2
http://www.cram.com/flashcards/biol-221-chapter-9-584679
43/1438042989042.37_20150728002309-00219-ip-10-236-191-2_388866189_0.json
5e6147fd_hapter_9_Flashcards___Cram_com__2
[1] What is the autoclave equivalent of dry heat [2]
121 degrees C for 15 minutes
[]
BIOL 221 Chapter 9 Flashcards - Cram.com
2
http://www.cram.com/flashcards/biol-221-chapter-9-584679
43/1438042989042.37_20150728002309-00219-ip-10-236-191-2_388866189_0.json
5e6147fd_hapter_9_Flashcards___Cram_com__2
[1] low temperature [2]
cannot control microbial growth but cannot be used to destroy mos and preserves microbial culture
[]
BIOL 221 Chapter 9 Flashcards - Cram.com
2
http://www.cram.com/flashcards/biol-221-chapter-9-584679
43/1438042989042.37_20150728002309-00219-ip-10-236-191-2_388866189_0.json
5e6147fd_hapter_9_Flashcards___Cram_com__2
[1] Most what wont grow during refrigeration [2]
mesophiles
[]
BIOL 221 Chapter 9 Flashcards - Cram.com
2
http://www.cram.com/flashcards/biol-221-chapter-9-584679
43/1438042989042.37_20150728002309-00219-ip-10-236-191-2_388866189_0.json
5e6147fd_hapter_9_Flashcards___Cram_com__2
[1] What grow slowly in refrigeration [2]
psychrophiles
[]
BIOL 221 Chapter 9 Flashcards - Cram.com
2
http://www.cram.com/flashcards/biol-221-chapter-9-584679
43/1438042989042.37_20150728002309-00219-ip-10-236-191-2_388866189_0.json
5e6147fd_hapter_9_Flashcards___Cram_com__2
[1] What occurs at a lower temp [2]
slower growth rate
[]
BIOL 221 Chapter 9 Flashcards - Cram.com
2
http://www.cram.com/flashcards/biol-221-chapter-9-584679
43/1438042989042.37_20150728002309-00219-ip-10-236-191-2_388866189_0.json
5e6147fd_hapter_9_Flashcards___Cram_com__2
[1] What occurs if the temp is really low [2]
wont grow
[]
BIOL 221 Chapter 9 Flashcards - Cram.com
2
http://www.cram.com/flashcards/biol-221-chapter-9-584679
43/1438042989042.37_20150728002309-00219-ip-10-236-191-2_388866189_0.json
5e6147fd_hapter_9_Flashcards___Cram_com__2
[1] Can mos grow w/o water [2]
no
[]
BIOL 221 Chapter 9 Flashcards - Cram.com
2
http://www.cram.com/flashcards/biol-221-chapter-9-584679
43/1438042989042.37_20150728002309-00219-ip-10-236-191-2_388866189_0.json
5e6147fd_hapter_9_Flashcards___Cram_com__2
[1] Why can cells not grow if frozen [2]
if the water in the cell is frozen, it won't have water for growth
[]
BIOL 221 Chapter 9 Flashcards - Cram.com
2
http://www.cram.com/flashcards/biol-221-chapter-9-584679
43/1438042989042.37_20150728002309-00219-ip-10-236-191-2_388866189_0.json
5e6147fd_hapter_9_Flashcards___Cram_com__2
[1] What is slow freezing [2]
-20 degrees C for several hours
[]
BIOL 221 Chapter 9 Flashcards - Cram.com
2
http://www.cram.com/flashcards/biol-221-chapter-9-584679
43/1438042989042.37_20150728002309-00219-ip-10-236-191-2_388866189_0.json
5e6147fd_hapter_9_Flashcards___Cram_com__2
[1] What is fast freezing [2]
-70 degrees C within 20 minutes
[]
BIOL 221 Chapter 9 Flashcards - Cram.com
2
http://www.cram.com/flashcards/biol-221-chapter-9-584679
43/1438042989042.37_20150728002309-00219-ip-10-236-191-2_388866189_0.json
5e6147fd_hapter_9_Flashcards___Cram_com__2
[1] What is freeze drying [2]
freezes instantly and then dries
[]
BIOL 221 Chapter 9 Flashcards - Cram.com
2
http://www.cram.com/flashcards/biol-221-chapter-9-584679
43/1438042989042.37_20150728002309-00219-ip-10-236-191-2_388866189_0.json
5e6147fd_hapter_9_Flashcards___Cram_com__2
[1] What is used to preserve stuff? [2]
fast freezing
[]
BIOL 221 Chapter 9 Flashcards - Cram.com
2
http://www.cram.com/flashcards/biol-221-chapter-9-584679
43/1438042989042.37_20150728002309-00219-ip-10-236-191-2_388866189_0.json
5e6147fd_hapter_9_Flashcards___Cram_com__2
[1] What is freezing? [2]
below 0 degrees: not pure H20
[]
BIOL 221 Chapter 9 Flashcards - Cram.com
2
http://www.cram.com/flashcards/biol-221-chapter-9-584679
43/1438042989042.37_20150728002309-00219-ip-10-236-191-2_388866189_0.json
5e6147fd_hapter_9_Flashcards___Cram_com__2
[1] What is freezing material rapidly first and then dry under the vacuum [2]
freeze drying
[]
BIOL 221 Chapter 9 Flashcards - Cram.com
2
http://www.cram.com/flashcards/biol-221-chapter-9-584679
43/1438042989042.37_20150728002309-00219-ip-10-236-191-2_388866189_0.json
5e6147fd_hapter_9_Flashcards___Cram_com__2
[1] What is freeze drying? [2]
gently used to preserve bacterial cultures
[]
BIOL 221 Chapter 9 Flashcards - Cram.com
2
http://www.cram.com/flashcards/biol-221-chapter-9-584679
43/1438042989042.37_20150728002309-00219-ip-10-236-191-2_388866189_0.json
5e6147fd_hapter_9_Flashcards___Cram_com__2
[1] Is low temperature used to kill mos? [2]
no
[]
BIOL 221 Chapter 9 Flashcards - Cram.com
2
http://www.cram.com/flashcards/biol-221-chapter-9-584679
43/1438042989042.37_20150728002309-00219-ip-10-236-191-2_388866189_0.json
5e6147fd_hapter_9_Flashcards___Cram_com__2
[1] What type of mos will grow at refrigeration temperatures? [2]
psychrotrophs
[]
BIOL 221 Chapter 9 Flashcards - Cram.com
2
http://www.cram.com/flashcards/biol-221-chapter-9-584679
43/1438042989042.37_20150728002309-00219-ip-10-236-191-2_388866189_0.json
5e6147fd_hapter_9_Flashcards___Cram_com__2
[1] Will mos grow at freezing temperatures? [2]
no
[]
BIOL 221 Chapter 9 Flashcards - Cram.com
2
http://www.cram.com/flashcards/biol-221-chapter-9-584679
43/1438042989042.37_20150728002309-00219-ip-10-236-191-2_388866189_0.json
5e6147fd_hapter_9_Flashcards___Cram_com__2
[1] Which of the following types of freezing is more harmful to microbes? [2]
slow freezing
[]
BIOL 221 Chapter 9 Flashcards - Cram.com
2
http://www.cram.com/flashcards/biol-221-chapter-9-584679
43/1438042989042.37_20150728002309-00219-ip-10-236-191-2_388866189_0.json
5e6147fd_hapter_9_Flashcards___Cram_com__2
[1] What is removing water to stop microbial growth? [2]
drying
[]
BIOL 221 Chapter 9 Flashcards - Cram.com
2
http://www.cram.com/flashcards/biol-221-chapter-9-584679
43/1438042989042.37_20150728002309-00219-ip-10-236-191-2_388866189_0.json
5e6147fd_hapter_9_Flashcards___Cram_com__2
[1] What does dessication do? [2]
prevents metabolism
[]
BIOL 221 Chapter 9 Flashcards - Cram.com
2
http://www.cram.com/flashcards/biol-221-chapter-9-584679
43/1438042989042.37_20150728002309-00219-ip-10-236-191-2_388866189_0.json
5e6147fd_hapter_9_Flashcards___Cram_com__2
[1] What is drying used for? [2]
food preservation
[]
BIOL 221 Chapter 9 Flashcards - Cram.com
2
http://www.cram.com/flashcards/biol-221-chapter-9-584679
43/1438042989042.37_20150728002309-00219-ip-10-236-191-2_388866189_0.json
5e6147fd_hapter_9_Flashcards___Cram_com__2
[1] What survives drying? [2]
most mos but not all: spores survive well
[]
BIOL 221 Chapter 9 Flashcards - Cram.com
2
http://www.cram.com/flashcards/biol-221-chapter-9-584679
43/1438042989042.37_20150728002309-00219-ip-10-236-191-2_388866189_0.json
5e6147fd_hapter_9_Flashcards___Cram_com__2
[1] What causes plasmolysis? [2]
high osmotic pressure
[]
BIOL 221 Chapter 9 Flashcards - Cram.com
2
http://www.cram.com/flashcards/biol-221-chapter-9-584679
43/1438042989042.37_20150728002309-00219-ip-10-236-191-2_388866189_0.json
5e6147fd_hapter_9_Flashcards___Cram_com__2
[1] What is plasmolysis? [2]
cell shriking
[]
BIOL 221 Chapter 9 Flashcards - Cram.com
2
http://www.cram.com/flashcards/biol-221-chapter-9-584679
43/1438042989042.37_20150728002309-00219-ip-10-236-191-2_388866189_0.json
5e6147fd_hapter_9_Flashcards___Cram_com__2
[1] Why do we use salt and sugar to preserve food? [2]
create a high osmotic pressure (hypertonic env't) in which mos lose H20 and can't grow
[]
BIOL 221 Chapter 9 Flashcards - Cram.com
2
http://www.cram.com/flashcards/biol-221-chapter-9-584679
43/1438042989042.37_20150728002309-00219-ip-10-236-191-2_388866189_0.json
5e6147fd_hapter_9_Flashcards___Cram_com__2
[1] What grows in a high salty env't? [2]
halophiles
[]
BIOL 221 Chapter 9 Flashcards - Cram.com
2
http://www.cram.com/flashcards/biol-221-chapter-9-584679
43/1438042989042.37_20150728002309-00219-ip-10-236-191-2_388866189_0.json
5e6147fd_hapter_9_Flashcards___Cram_com__2
[1] What does radiation do? [2]
damage DNA
[]
BIOL 221 Chapter 9 Flashcards - Cram.com
2
http://www.cram.com/flashcards/biol-221-chapter-9-584679
43/1438042989042.37_20150728002309-00219-ip-10-236-191-2_388866189_0.json
5e6147fd_hapter_9_Flashcards___Cram_com__2
[1] What are types of ionizing radiation [2]
x rays, gamma rays, electron beams
[]
BIOL 221 Chapter 9 Flashcards - Cram.com
2
http://www.cram.com/flashcards/biol-221-chapter-9-584679
43/1438042989042.37_20150728002309-00219-ip-10-236-191-2_388866189_0.json
5e6147fd_hapter_9_Flashcards___Cram_com__2
[1] What is non ionizing radiation? [2]
UV
[]
BIOL 221 Chapter 9 Flashcards - Cram.com
2
http://www.cram.com/flashcards/biol-221-chapter-9-584679
43/1438042989042.37_20150728002309-00219-ip-10-236-191-2_388866189_0.json
5e6147fd_hapter_9_Flashcards___Cram_com__2
[1] How do microwaves kills mos? [2]
by heat, not by radiation
[]
BIOL 221 Chapter 9 Flashcards - Cram.com
2
http://www.cram.com/flashcards/biol-221-chapter-9-584679
43/1438042989042.37_20150728002309-00219-ip-10-236-191-2_388866189_0.json
5e6147fd_hapter_9_Flashcards___Cram_com__2
[1] How does a microwave generate heat? [2]
by friction
[]
BIOL 221 Chapter 9 Flashcards - Cram.com
2
http://www.cram.com/flashcards/biol-221-chapter-9-584679
43/1438042989042.37_20150728002309-00219-ip-10-236-191-2_388866189_0.json
5e6147fd_hapter_9_Flashcards___Cram_com__2
[1] What does UV radiation do? [2]
make T-T dimers
[]
BIOL 221 Chapter 9 Flashcards - Cram.com
2
http://www.cram.com/flashcards/biol-221-chapter-9-584679
43/1438042989042.37_20150728002309-00219-ip-10-236-191-2_388866189_0.json
5e6147fd_hapter_9_Flashcards___Cram_com__2
[1] What can become sterile without heat [2]
gamma rays
[]
BIOL 221 Chapter 9 Flashcards - Cram.com
2
http://www.cram.com/flashcards/biol-221-chapter-9-584679
43/1438042989042.37_20150728002309-00219-ip-10-236-191-2_388866189_0.json
5e6147fd_hapter_9_Flashcards___Cram_com__2
[1] What is the only type of radiation that kills microbes [2]
ionizing
[]
BIOL 221 Chapter 9 Flashcards - Cram.com
2
http://www.cram.com/flashcards/biol-221-chapter-9-584679
43/1438042989042.37_20150728002309-00219-ip-10-236-191-2_388866189_0.json
5e6147fd_hapter_9_Flashcards___Cram_com__2
[1] What does ionizing radiation do [2]
break DNA, irradiated H2O generates free radicals to damage cells
[]
BIOL 221 Chapter 9 Flashcards - Cram.com
2
http://www.cram.com/flashcards/biol-221-chapter-9-584679
43/1438042989042.37_20150728002309-00219-ip-10-236-191-2_388866189_0.json
5e6147fd_hapter_9_Flashcards___Cram_com__2
[1] Can you use ion radiation to cause sterilization? [2]
yes
[]
BIOL 221 Chapter 9 Flashcards - Cram.com
2
http://www.cram.com/flashcards/biol-221-chapter-9-584679
43/1438042989042.37_20150728002309-00219-ip-10-236-191-2_388866189_0.json
5e6147fd_hapter_9_Flashcards___Cram_com__2
[1] What is the most effect wavelength to kill mos? [2]
260 nm
[]
BIOL 221 Chapter 9 Flashcards - Cram.com
2
http://www.cram.com/flashcards/biol-221-chapter-9-584679
43/1438042989042.37_20150728002309-00219-ip-10-236-191-2_388866189_0.json
5e6147fd_hapter_9_Flashcards___Cram_com__2
[1] What are bacteriocidal wavelengths? [2]
200-280 nm
[]
BIOL 221 Chapter 9 Flashcards - Cram.com
2
http://www.cram.com/flashcards/biol-221-chapter-9-584679
43/1438042989042.37_20150728002309-00219-ip-10-236-191-2_388866189_0.json
5e6147fd_hapter_9_Flashcards___Cram_com__2
[1] What is stronger bacteriocidal? [2]
shorter wavelength
[]
BIOL 221 Chapter 9 Flashcards - Cram.com
2
http://www.cram.com/flashcards/biol-221-chapter-9-584679
43/1438042989042.37_20150728002309-00219-ip-10-236-191-2_388866189_0.json
5e6147fd_hapter_9_Flashcards___Cram_com__2
[1] What is only effective on the surface [2]
UV light
[]
BIOL 221 Chapter 9 Flashcards - Cram.com
2
http://www.cram.com/flashcards/biol-221-chapter-9-584679
43/1438042989042.37_20150728002309-00219-ip-10-236-191-2_388866189_0.json
5e6147fd_hapter_9_Flashcards___Cram_com__2
[1] What is UV light [2]
136-400 nm
[]
BIOL 221 Chapter 9 Flashcards - Cram.com
2
http://www.cram.com/flashcards/biol-221-chapter-9-584679
43/1438042989042.37_20150728002309-00219-ip-10-236-191-2_388866189_0.json
5e6147fd_hapter_9_Flashcards___Cram_com__2
[1] What is the most effective wavelength [2]
260 nm
[]
BIOL 221 Chapter 9 Flashcards - Cram.com
2
http://www.cram.com/flashcards/biol-221-chapter-9-584679
43/1438042989042.37_20150728002309-00219-ip-10-236-191-2_388866189_0.json
5e6147fd_hapter_9_Flashcards___Cram_com__2
[1] What is UV absorbed by [2]
cellular DNA and form thymine dimers that distort DNA strands
[]
BIOL 221 Chapter 9 Flashcards - Cram.com
2
http://www.cram.com/flashcards/biol-221-chapter-9-584679
43/1438042989042.37_20150728002309-00219-ip-10-236-191-2_388866189_0.json
5e6147fd_hapter_9_Flashcards___Cram_com__2
[1] What is the major disadvantage of using UV? [2]
poor penetration power
[]
BIOL 221 Chapter 9 Flashcards - Cram.com
2
http://www.cram.com/flashcards/biol-221-chapter-9-584679
43/1438042989042.37_20150728002309-00219-ip-10-236-191-2_388866189_0.json
5e6147fd_hapter_9_Flashcards___Cram_com__2
[1] What does filtration do [2]
removes microbes (particles) from liquid or air
[]
BIOL 221 Chapter 9 Flashcards - Cram.com
2
http://www.cram.com/flashcards/biol-221-chapter-9-584679
43/1438042989042.37_20150728002309-00219-ip-10-236-191-2_388866189_0.json
5e6147fd_hapter_9_Flashcards___Cram_com__2
[1] What stays on the filter in membrane filtration? [2]
anything larger than spores
[]
BIOL 221 Chapter 9 Flashcards - Cram.com
2
http://www.cram.com/flashcards/biol-221-chapter-9-584679
43/1438042989042.37_20150728002309-00219-ip-10-236-191-2_388866189_0.json
5e6147fd_hapter_9_Flashcards___Cram_com__2
[1] What is an example of membrane filtration? [2]
hood
[]
BIOL 221 Chapter 9 Flashcards - Cram.com
2
http://www.cram.com/flashcards/biol-221-chapter-9-584679
43/1438042989042.37_20150728002309-00219-ip-10-236-191-2_388866189_0.json
5e6147fd_hapter_9_Flashcards___Cram_com__2
[1] What should you use a hood for? [2]
mycobacterium/ TB
[]
BIOL 221 Chapter 9 Flashcards - Cram.com
2
http://www.cram.com/flashcards/biol-221-chapter-9-584679
43/1438042989042.37_20150728002309-00219-ip-10-236-191-2_388866189_0.json
5e6147fd_hapter_9_Flashcards___Cram_com__2
[1] What could pass through the pore size of 0.22 micrometers? [2]
small viruses, pliable bacteria and prions
[]
BIOL 221 Chapter 9 Flashcards - Cram.com
2
http://www.cram.com/flashcards/biol-221-chapter-9-584679
43/1438042989042.37_20150728002309-00219-ip-10-236-191-2_388866189_0.json
5e6147fd_hapter_9_Flashcards___Cram_com__2
[1] What could pass through the pore size of 0.45 micrometers? [2]
viruses, small bacteria and prions
[]
BIOL 221 Chapter 9 Flashcards - Cram.com
2
http://www.cram.com/flashcards/biol-221-chapter-9-584679
43/1438042989042.37_20150728002309-00219-ip-10-236-191-2_388866189_0.json
5e6147fd_hapter_9_Flashcards___Cram_com__2
[1] What does HEPA stand for? [2]
high efficiency particulate air
[]
BIOL 221 Chapter 9 Flashcards - Cram.com
2
http://www.cram.com/flashcards/biol-221-chapter-9-584679
43/1438042989042.37_20150728002309-00219-ip-10-236-191-2_388866189_0.json
5e6147fd_hapter_9_Flashcards___Cram_com__2
[1] What does high pressure do? [2]
denatures proteins and damages cell structures
[]
BIOL 221 Chapter 9 Flashcards - Cram.com
2
http://www.cram.com/flashcards/biol-221-chapter-9-584679
43/1438042989042.37_20150728002309-00219-ip-10-236-191-2_388866189_0.json
5e6147fd_hapter_9_Flashcards___Cram_com__2
[1] What can be pasteurized [2]
OJ
[]
BIOL 221 Chapter 9 Flashcards - Cram.com
2
http://www.cram.com/flashcards/biol-221-chapter-9-584679
43/1438042989042.37_20150728002309-00219-ip-10-236-191-2_388866189_0.json
5e6147fd_hapter_9_Flashcards___Cram_com__2
[1] What is the advantage of high pressure [2]
doesn't use heat, heat can destroy flavor
[]
BIOL 221 Chapter 9 Flashcards - Cram.com
2
http://www.cram.com/flashcards/biol-221-chapter-9-584679
43/1438042989042.37_20150728002309-00219-ip-10-236-191-2_388866189_0.json
5e6147fd_hapter_9_Flashcards___Cram_com__2
[1] What are factors that influence chemical controls? [2]
concentration of disinfectant, organic matter (protect mos), pH, temperature, time
[]
BIOL 221 Chapter 9 Flashcards - Cram.com
2
http://www.cram.com/flashcards/biol-221-chapter-9-584679
43/1438042989042.37_20150728002309-00219-ip-10-236-191-2_388866189_0.json
5e6147fd_hapter_9_Flashcards___Cram_com__2
[1] WHat does an acidic pH do? [2]
may decrease resistance or usually an increase in temperature, you get a better result
[]
BIOL 221 Chapter 9 Flashcards - Cram.com
2
http://www.cram.com/flashcards/biol-221-chapter-9-584679
43/1438042989042.37_20150728002309-00219-ip-10-236-191-2_388866189_0.json
5e6147fd_hapter_9_Flashcards___Cram_com__2
[1] What are the only chemicals that can kill endospores? [2]
chemosterilants
[]
BIOL 221 Chapter 9 Flashcards - Cram.com
2
http://www.cram.com/flashcards/biol-221-chapter-9-584679
43/1438042989042.37_20150728002309-00219-ip-10-236-191-2_388866189_0.json
5e6147fd_hapter_9_Flashcards___Cram_com__2
[1] What are some chemosterilants? [2]
ethylene oxide, glutaraldehyde, heated hydrogen peroxide, peracetic acid
[]
BIOL 221 Chapter 9 Flashcards - Cram.com
2
http://www.cram.com/flashcards/biol-221-chapter-9-584679
43/1438042989042.37_20150728002309-00219-ip-10-236-191-2_388866189_0.json