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Bengalese or Society Finch
The Bengalese or Society Finch (Lonchura striata) is a domesticated form of the Sharp-tailed Munia and does not appear in the wild. They occur in many color mutations and are often used as foster parents for other finches that may refuse to look after their own chicks.
Bengalese will nest in just about anything and usually raise their own chicks without much difficulty. If foster-raising chicks of more insectivorous finches it may be necessary to get them eating livefood. They should be given a good quality finch mix with the addition of egg food if breeding.
In the United States as the Society Finch, is not a naturally-occurring species, but a fertile hybrid. It is the most domesticated of the “finches” [it is actually a Munia] but its ancestry is the subject of debate. Nobody is quite certain which wild finches the Bengalese is descended from, but the Striated Finch and the White-rumped Munia are thought to have played a considereable role in their development. They are well adapted to captivity and do well in the company of humans. They breed well and are good foster parents for other finch-like species.
It has been found the best “pairing” for fostering is to use two males, this works better than either two females or a male and female pairing. Two males will usually accept eggs, or even partly grown young without any hesitation. It is mostly accepted that these birds have been bred in Japan for some 250 years, and over the years, breeders have managed to breed lots of color variations including fawn, chocolate brown, pied and etc. There is also a very attractive crested variety of the Bengalese. Over the centuries individual color patterns have been developed. For instance, one Japanese family may have developed all white birds with black wings, while another family may breed ginger birds with white heads etc. Development of these strains has taken several generations of the one Japanese family to perfect. These birds are a very close flock species and tend to all roost in the one nest if kept in a group. This tends to make breeding harder in an aviary situation, and they breed better if kept as single pairs in individual breeding boxes [as used for Canaries and Budgies]. This close flocking behavior is also responsible for their American name of “Society Finch”.
They are cheerful little birds that are quite easy to look after. They are also quite easy to breed provided they are, of course, adequately sexed. Obtaining a female-male pair can present a difficulty because both sexes look exactly the same at first glance. However, it is possible to determine gender by behavior since males tend to display to impress and court females. The best way of using this method to sex Bengalese is to place a single bird in a small cage and completely isolate it from its own kind [both sight and hearing] for several hours; then introduce another Bengalese to the cage. If the first bird is a male it will immediately display to the newcomer. Unfortunately this does not necessarily mean the introduced bird is a female. But if the first bird does not display it is almost certainly a hen.
However, a quicker and more sure method of sexing is to compare both the head width [in a line across the top of the head between the eyes], and the shape of the under-side of the beak. The male has a much broader head than the female; and the male’s under-beak [where the beak meets the feathers of the neck] is a “V’ shape and the hen’s more rounded like the bottom of the letter “U”. In both these methods the two birds should be held side by side to compare.
Feeding is simple, as all they require to remain healthy and breed well is a diet of small millet, green-food, grit and fresh water. They will not usually take live-foods, but it has been found they will often accept house fly pupae, which they crack like seed. This is particularly useful if they are being used to foster species that require a high protein component to be successfully reared. (From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia)
The origin of most color mutations is known. From what we see in the literature, the pied (variegated) mutation is the oldest one. Pied (short for piebald) means that there is color breaking or patches of white interrupting the color of the bird.
The fawn mutation had arisen in Asia a long time ago most likely in a population of pied chocolates. Much more recently, the gray and the ino mutations arose in Europe and even more recently the pearl mutation arose in Japan. Many of these color mutations can be combined along with feather mutations to give dozens of unique combinations.
“Selfs” are solid color birds. The best evidence indicates that these birds are repressed pieds and not wild type birds. They were derived from taking different colored pieds and breeding the least white to the least white to obtain birds with no little or no white at all. Selfs often are “leaky” meaning they throw out white feathers usually under the beak or between the legs. | <urn:uuid:8dde1f79-5746-4e4e-b3ef-6f370747837f> | CC-MAIN-2018-17 | http://nfss.org/species/finches/bengalesesociety-finch/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2018-17/segments/1524125947328.78/warc/CC-MAIN-20180424202213-20180424222213-00480.warc.gz | en | 0.966496 | 1,110 | 3.015625 | 3 |
Being a good parent is an art and an often difficult job. Parents are expected to possess different skills or qualities for their children to be healthy and happy.
Good parenting traits help to ensure that parents are able to care for their child, mentally, physically, and emotionally.
We know that when it comes to parenting, there are no perfect parents. We all make mistakes and we don’t know everything about parenting. Some traits can be viewed as more desirable than others, though.
What are the 5 Qualities an Ideal Parent Should Possess?
These are the five qualities that an ideal parent is expected to possess.
A good parent should be able to control their impulses and act in accordance with what is best for their child at all times.
A new study found that self-control is a good parenting strategy for parents.
The study found that a parent’s self-control has a positive effect on their children’s executive function. Executive function is the set of mental skills needed to plan, organize, and manage oneself as well as one’s time and environment.
It is very difficult to be a more self-controlled parent because it takes an incredible amount of patience and perseverance. But, with some hard work and dedication one can become a more self-controlled parent.
We should not think of self-control as a trait that we either have or don’t. Instead, we should take the time to think about how we can improve our self-control and make it more flexible.
Some strategies to be a more self-controlled parent:
- set clear rules and boundaries for the child
- communicate with your children about your expectations
- provide clear consequences for not following the rules
- use positive reinforcement when a child does something good
An excellent resource to help you have more self-control is the book Boundaries: When to Say Yes, How to Say No To Take Control of Your Life.
Boundaries With Kids is also an excellent book.
Both Boundaries and Boundaries with Kids teach you how to establish and communicate your personal boundaries from a Christian perspective.
Parenting With Love and Logic is another one of my favorite parenting books. This book teaches you how to use natural consequences so you’re no longer yelling or being a “mean parent.”
Responsibility is a key quality for any type of job, but it’s even more important for parents because they should always put the needs of their children first before anything else – even themselves.
Parental responsibility is the duty of parents to care for their children. It is about taking responsibility for caring for them physically, emotionally and financially.
This type of responsibility includes making decisions about where to live, how they should be educated, what they should do or not do, what they should eat or not eat, etc.
Parental responsibilities are not limited to these examples; it can be anything that a parent feels is necessary for the well-being of their child.
Parents should be teaching their child about life, the world, and the people who inhabit it. It’s a parent’s job to raise responsible children.
When parents are open-minded and teach their children to be responsible people and treat others with respect, it enables children to have a wider perspective on everyday issues without being biased by their own personal point of view.
- Characteristics of responsible parenthood: How To Raise A Responsible Child
- Characteristics of a Good Child
- Characteristics of a happy child: How To Raise Successful Children
A lot can happen in a day and having patience will help your child cope with any tough situation they might encounter later on in life.
Good parenting requires time, which can be hard to find but is very valuable for both parties involved.
By being patient, present, and giving your children time, you will be providing support and care for your child.
If you’re struggling with patience (or if you find yourself so stressed out and exhausted that patience seems like a thing of the past), check out How to be a More Patient Mom.
Nurturing has become a buzzword in parenting circles. Urban Dictionary defines nurturing as “to care for and foster the growth of something.” Nurturing is also a term that defines an educational philosophy that is supposed to promote students’ social, emotional, and intellectual development.
But it’s important to be loving and nurturing as a parent because you will teach your children empathy, which will benefit them in almost every aspect of life.
As well as being nurturing and loving, parents are expected to be consistent, which teaches the child that life is not always fair but they should accept it with dignity.
Challenging children teaches them how to solve problems creatively, cooperatively and independently.
How to be an Amazing Parent When You’re Struggling as a Mom
One of the most important things to have when you are struggling with being a good parent is the ability to stay calm in intense situations. This is often one of the worst parenting skills that parents can have because it is so hard.
Staying calm in intense situations will help your child gain self-control and self-confidence by knowing that they can depend on you when they are in need.
It will also allow your child to learn how to problem solve, which can be very beneficial when they are grown up.
The easiest way to stay calm is to arm yourself with simple, effective parenting techniques.
One of my favorite parenting resources is the Parenting Manual 101 course, which was created by a former teacher and mom of four.
In the Parenting Manual 101, you’ll learn techniques to manage your child’s anger, teach them responsibility, and get them to help out around the house.
What Makes Someone a Good Parent?
Being a parent is hard work, and it requires constant improvement.
Make sure you check out these helpful resources if you’re struggling with any aspect of parenting: | <urn:uuid:e488d61f-9d70-4323-b1c5-b7a75d9a3a22> | CC-MAIN-2022-21 | https://www.organizedmotherhood.com/good-parenting-traits/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-21/segments/1652662515501.4/warc/CC-MAIN-20220517031843-20220517061843-00360.warc.gz | en | 0.961198 | 1,267 | 2.515625 | 3 |
A new film about the tragedy of the Albatrosses on Midway island, show what happens when we humans carelessly dump our plastic waste in rivers and oceans all over the world, instead of recycling it.
Post by Frits Ahlefeldt feb. 2013, in watercolors
The film Midway, will (when it is released around 2014) show just how beautiful Albatross birds are, but also the daily tragedy of baby albatrosses lying dead on the ground, after they have ingested the colorful plastic waste that drift out to the remote island Midway, where the albatrosses breed.
The good guys that makes the film, (directed by Chris Jordan) has released a very strong trailer for it, See it on their website Midwayfilm.com or see it here:
Watercolors of Albatrosses, my studies, watching the trailer of a very sad film of beautiful birds
It is calculated that 80% of the plastic waste that the baby albatrosses eat, has been dumped into rivers, and first later fload into the oceans. The only thing that can change this situation is if we stop throwing our plastic waste in nature, rivers and oceans and instead gets much, much better at recycling it. Not only Albatrosses are killed by the plastic waste, so is a very long list of other sea animals and birds. Including sea turtles, dolphins, penguins. | <urn:uuid:d8f59e01-d0fd-4a6e-bd8c-9ce715871abc> | CC-MAIN-2020-40 | https://fritsahlefeldt.com/2013/02/20/baby-albatrosses-and-plastic-waste/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2020-40/segments/1600400238038.76/warc/CC-MAIN-20200926071311-20200926101311-00159.warc.gz | en | 0.943358 | 296 | 3.03125 | 3 |
The Vedas are the holy scriptures of the Aryans. ‘Veda’ is from the root word ‘Vida’, meaning ‘knowledge’ or ‘to know’. At the outset, the Vedas were remembered by the word of mouth from generation to generation. So the Vedas were known also as ‘Sruti’ or ‘Srug’. In course of time the Vedas came to be written down, and were taught in ‘Gurukulas’.
The Vedas were not authored at any one time, but came to be compiled at different times. The Vedas are the ‘store-house of knowledge’, reflecting the developed thoughts of the Aryans in the process of evolution. The Vedas were probably authored during 1800 B.C. and 600 B.C. There are four Vedas, namely. Rig Veda, Sama Veda, Yajur Veda and Atharva Veda.
Rig Veda is the most ancient scripture of the Aryans. It has 10 ‘mandala’s or chapters, covering a total of 1028 ‘suktas’ or ‘stutis’ dedicated to the worship of Indra, Surya, Agni, Yama, Varuna, Usha, Aswini (morning), Prajapati. Vidhatri and other gods. These prayers (mantra) were recited during ‘Yajna’ or sacrifice. These prayers were dedicated to worship the various manifestations of nature. There was no classification or gradation among these gods. Each god was radiant in his own way. Each hymn (sukta) of Rig Veda chanted the glory of all gods. Not only their ‘dharma’ but also the Rig Veda highlight a number of historical data about the Aryans.
Sama Veda was equally significant. Most of the hymns (stotras) of Rig Veda were rhymed into musical form in Sama Veda. It has 1549 rhymes (stuti). Its recitation created appealing musical sound-waves. A specific category of priests were to recite its hymns. These priests were known as ‘Udgator’. The Sama Veda, indeed, was the musical embodiment of early Indian culture.
Yajur Veda was the code of procedure for conducting ‘Yajna’ (ritual of fire – sacrifice) of the Aryans, containing the broad ideas of Vedic rites. It indicates the changes in the Aryan society. The Yajur Veda shows how the simple Vedic life-style came to be entangled in complex Vedic rites. Yajur Veda has 40 ‘mandalas’ or chapters and is divided into two parts known as Sukla Yajur Veda and Krushna Yajur Veda The former part contains the genesis while the latter part describes the ‘vasya’ or the philosophy. So the Yajur Veda was the repository of Vedic rites. The present Hindu rites and rituals have primarily evolved from the Yajur Veda.
The final one was the Atharva Veda, also known as ‘Brahma Veda’. It has 20 ‘mandalas’ and 731 ‘stotras’, dealing with subjects like magic, hypnotism, enslavement through mantra and such other issues. Through these, victory can be had over the enemies and ‘Asuras’, friends can be appeased and worldly happiness and gains can be had. For this, the Atharva Veda is regarded on a lower level than the other three Vedas. For long, it was denied the status of a ‘Veda’; but finally it came to be accepted as the fourth Veda.
Each Veda consists of four parts, namely, Samhita, Brahmana, Aranyaka and Upanishad. Samhita is the vital part of a Veda. It means compilation. The compiled portions of the four Vedas are known as Samhita. In course of time, interpretation of the Vedic hymns became necessary for their” comprehension. The Brahmana came to satisfy this need by not only its simple interpretation but also vivid mention of many Vedic personalities.
The philosophical genesis of Brahmana became a separate portion, known as Aryanaka (forest book), meaning ‘a book pertaining to forests’. It highlights the forest-abode, life-style, and philosophy of the sages. Aitareya, Sankhyayana, Taittiriya, Maitrayani, Vrhad and Talavakara are the six Aranyakas. Towards the fag end of the Vedic age was composed the Upanishad, the last part of the Veda.
The Upanishad deals with many complex issues like soul, life, earth, mystery of evolution and other issues of higher philosophy. Professor Max Muller praises the Upanishad as the unique creation of the human mind. Kena, Katha, Mandukya and other Upanishads indicate the higher faculties of human mind, Upaveda was also a vital part of Vedic literature. Ayurveda, Dhanurveda, Gandhara Veda and Silpa Veda are the four Upavedas.
All Vedic descriptions are again divided into six parts, each known as Vedanga (part of Veda). These are Siksha (phoenetic), Kalpa (ritual), Vyakarana (grammar), Nirukta (etymology), Chhanda (metrics) and Yotisha (astronomy). Each of these parts diffuse the rich fragrance of the Vedic literature in a composite way. The aroma still lingers. | <urn:uuid:4e4592d0-20ba-4d9d-b027-49a05867bbf7> | CC-MAIN-2018-51 | http://www.yourarticlelibrary.com/history/vedic-culture/the-vedas-the-holy-scriptures-of-the-aryans/47581 | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2018-51/segments/1544376823621.10/warc/CC-MAIN-20181211125831-20181211151331-00346.warc.gz | en | 0.960766 | 1,237 | 3.765625 | 4 |
Nursing is a noble profession that requires selfless leadership. The duties of a nursing leader include ensuring the highest possible standards of patient care through effective and efficient management of human and financial resources. The main concepts of nursing leadership hinge on commitment, vision and direction. Good leaders should inspire their followers.
This type of leadership in nursing requires skills in the day-to-day running of a team. The person in charge has to be qualified as a leader with clinical competence and good communication skills. While the concept of transactional leadership does not involve micromanaging a nursing team, a leader must be able to delegate some duties to individual team members to lead certain aspects of a project, based on the areas of expertise. The overall leader must remain part of the team by participating in teamwork and keeping close to the operations and understanding each team member's perspective.
The concept of transformational leadership in nursing is founded on the premise of activities that inspire followers to discharge their duties to the best of their abilities. A leader must influence change by providing a sense of direction. You must be able to articulate a shared vision to your followers and challenge the status quo. You will earn respect from your followers through exemplary behavior. Each team member must be treated as an individual. Innovation in problem-solving and transmission of values and ethical principles are important in this type of leadership.
Discipline and Courage
You can also model your nursing leadership on the United States Air Force's seven concepts that put emphasis on discipline, compassion, courage, perspective, desire to volunteer, honesty and humility. As a leader, you will have to work to the best of your ability, striving to get everything right. You must be able to extrapolate from past events in order to plan ahead.
There are many aspects that are unique to every individual, which gives you the opportunity to create leadership based on personal traits. You must be able to create personal relationships on which your leadership will hinge. There are many variations to nursing leadership, but the most important point to note is that leadership is diverse and individualized. | <urn:uuid:cafb130e-7d3d-4d02-a066-83ac5b7900fb> | CC-MAIN-2017-39 | https://careertrend.com/info-7811438-leadership-concepts-nursing.html | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2017-39/segments/1505818686117.24/warc/CC-MAIN-20170920014637-20170920034637-00032.warc.gz | en | 0.958355 | 418 | 2.796875 | 3 |
World War One: Lights turned off to mark 100th anniversary
Lights were turned off around the UK in memory of the 17 million soldiers and civilians who were killed between 1914 and 1918 in World War One.
The Royal British Legion's 'Lights Out' event saw households, businesses and public buildings turn out their lights, between 10pm and 11pm last night, to leave a single candle or light burning.
The event was inspired by the words of wartime Foreign Secretary Sir Edward Grey, who said on the eve of WW1: "The lamps are going out all over Europe; we shall not see them lit again in our lifetime."
Royals and world leaders gathered on Monday for ceremonies marking 100 years since Britain joined the war.
The BBC's Huw Edwards reports.
[an error occurred while processing this directive] | <urn:uuid:45e72f2d-0b85-442f-a3b7-a5f7c605719a> | CC-MAIN-2014-41 | http://www.bbc.co.uk/newsround/28654698 | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2014-41/segments/1410657121288.75/warc/CC-MAIN-20140914011201-00152-ip-10-196-40-205.us-west-1.compute.internal.warc.gz | en | 0.968498 | 169 | 2.640625 | 3 |
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Environmental Issues Discussion – Fork This! How Our Food Choices Impact the Planet
March 4, 2020 @ 6:00 pm - 8:00 pmFree
How does our diet impact the environment? What food choices reduce greenhouse gas emissions, protect the Earth’s land and oceans, and conserve its fresh water? Learn about healthy food choices that benefit you and the planet.
Join us for this workshop facilitated by Linda Grandinetti and Jo Hildebrand on whole-food and plant based eating. ALL women are welcome: please join us whether you’ve been eating vegetarian your whole life or if you’ve never had a meal without meat and everyone in between.
This workshop is open to women-identifying individuals only. No children in this workshop please. Free child minding is available for this workshop. Please register your children with their names and ages by calling 403-264-1155 or email email@example.com | <urn:uuid:377052f9-866f-4c94-95f9-6a88a0b4504b> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://www.womenscentrecalgary.org/event/environmental-issues-discussion-fork-this-how-our-food-choices-impact-the-planet/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882573744.90/warc/CC-MAIN-20220819161440-20220819191440-00645.warc.gz | en | 0.926229 | 206 | 2.640625 | 3 |
Presentation on theme: "First Law of Thermodynamics"— Presentation transcript:
1First Law of Thermodynamics Michael MoatsMet Eng 3620Chapter 2
2Thermodynamic Functions To adequately describe the energy state of a system two terms are introducedInternal Energy, UEnthalpy, HInternal Energy related to the energy of a body.Example: Potential EnergyBody has a potential energy related to its mass and height (mgh)To move a body from one height to another takes work, w.w = force * distance = mg * (h2-h1) = mgh2 – mgh1= Potential Energy at height 2 – Potential Energy at Point 1
3Work and HeatA system interacts with its environment through work, w, or heat, q.w = -(UB – UA) (if no heat is involved)If w < 0, work is done to the systemIf w > 0, work is done by the systemq = (UB – UA) (if no work is involved)If q < 0, work flows out of the body (exothermic)If q > 0, heat flows into the body (endothermic)
4Change in Internal Energy U is a state function. Therefore, the path between condition 1 and condition 2 do not affect the differential value. Heat and work are not state functions. The path taken between condition 1 and 2 does matter, hence the use of a partial differential.PressureVolumeP1P2V2V1abc12
5Fixing Internal Energy For a simple system consisting of a given amount of substance of a fixed composition, U is fixed once any two properties (independent variables) are fixed.
7Constant Volume Processes If during a process the system maintains a constant volume, then no work is performed.Recall andThuswhere the subscript v means constant volumeHence in a constant volume process, the change in internal energy is equal to heat absorbed or withdrawn from the system.
8Constant Pressure Processes Again starting with the first law and the definition of work:Combining them and integrating giveswhere the subscript p means constant pressureSolving for qp and rearranging a little gives
9EnthalpySince U, P and V are all state function, the expression U+PV is also a state function.This state function is termed enthalpy, HH = U + PVTherefore qp = H2 – H1 = ΔHIn a constant pressure system, the heat absorbed or withdrawn is equal to the change in enthalpy.
10Heat CapacityBefore discussing isothermal or adiabatic processes, a new term is needed to make the calculations easier.Heat Capacity, C is equal to the ratio of the heat absorbed or withdrawn from the system to the resultant change in temperature.Note: This is only true when phase change does not occur.
11Defining Thermal Process Path To state that the system has changed temperature is not enough to define change in the internal energy.It is most convenient to combine change in temperature while holding volume or pressure constant.Then calculations can be made as to the work performed and/or heat generated.
12Thermal Process at Constant V Define heat capacity at a constant volumeRecalling that at a constant volumeLeading toor
13Thermal Process at Constant P Define heat capacity at a constant pressureRecalling that at a constant pressureLeading toor
14Molar Heat CapacityHeat capacity is an extensive property (e.g. dependent on size of system)Useful to define molar heat capacitywhere n is the number of moles and cv and cp are the molar heat capacity at constant volume and pressure, respectively.
15Molar Heat Capacity - II cp > cvcv – heat only needed to raise temperaturecp – heat needed to raise temperature and perform workTherefore the difference between cv and cp is the work performed.Long derivation and further explanationin section 2.6
16Reversible Adiabatic Processes Adiabatic; q = 0Reversible;First law;Substitution gives us;For one mole of ideal gas;Recall thatLeading to
17Reversible Adiabatic – cont. Rearranging givesCombining exponents and recalling that cp-cv=R givesDefining a term,From the ideal gas lawFinallygivesconstant
18Reversible Isothermal P or V Change RecallIsothermal means dT = 0, so dU = 0Rearranging first lawSubstituting reversible workideal gas law givesIntegration leavesIsothermal process occurs at constant internal energy and work done = heat absorbed.and
19Example Calculation10 liters of monatomic ideal gas at 25oC and 10 atm are expanded to 1 atm. The cv = 3/2R. Calculate work done, heat absorbed and the change in internal energy and enthalpy for both a reversible isothermal process and an adiabatic and reversible process.
20First Determine Size of System Using the ideal gas law
21Isothermal Reversible Process Isothermal process; dT = 0, dU = 0To calculate work, first we need to know the final volume.Then we integrate
22Isothermal Reversible Process –continued Since dU = 0, q = w = 23.3 kJRecall definition of enthalpyH = U + PVIsothermal = constant temperature
23Reversible Adiabatic Expansion Adiabatic means q = 0RecallSince cv = 3/2R, then cp = 5/2R andSolve for V3Solve for T3constant
24Reversible Adiabatic Expansion - continued Text shows five examples of path does not matter in determining DU. | <urn:uuid:f1aafc6f-e8a9-4749-b195-8b7359684720> | CC-MAIN-2017-17 | http://slideplayer.com/slide/4237249/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2017-17/segments/1492917119995.14/warc/CC-MAIN-20170423031159-00570-ip-10-145-167-34.ec2.internal.warc.gz | en | 0.860362 | 1,191 | 3.4375 | 3 |
Microchips, nerve work lead way
Though nanotechnology could revolutionize almost every industry, research currently getting the most attention is in such areas as semiconductor manufacturing, electronics and medicine. Here are two projects under way in Portland that illustrate the promise of nanotechnology:
• Scientists at Oregon Health & Science University's OGI School of Science & Engineering are looking for ways to speed up the manufacturing process of tiny computer chips. The researchers are using a 'focused ion beam' machine to create patterns on the chips at an extremely small scale, resulting in fewer mistakes than allowed under older technologies.
'The computer control allows us to easily make pattern changes and modifications,' says Jack McCarthy, assistant professor in OGI's department of electrical and computer engineering. The project is funded with a one-year, $100,000 grant from the National Science Foundation.
• Bruce Patton is a researcher at Oregon Health & Science University's Center for Research on Occupational and Environmental Toxicology. He studies nerve cells and the spaces between those cells, called synapses.
Patton's work is done at the nanoscale, or molecular, level. His research illustrates the way nanotechnology is being used to make discoveries in medicine and biology.
Patton and his fellow researchers have found a protein that helps nerve cells do their jobs. By studying that protein and how it works (at the nanoscale level) scientists could one day help amputees' artificial limbs respond the way natural limbs do.
'Nanotechnologists are looking for ways to apply their techniques, and people like me are challenging them with real-world problems to develop the technology in ways they never thought of,' Patton says.
Ñ Mary Bellotti | <urn:uuid:24d7fa37-232a-44cd-9ca2-7b6e851a2df3> | CC-MAIN-2016-36 | http://portlandtribune.com/component/content/article?id=118976 | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2016-36/segments/1471982948216.97/warc/CC-MAIN-20160823200908-00287-ip-10-153-172-175.ec2.internal.warc.gz | en | 0.9406 | 349 | 3.03125 | 3 |
Clay sculptures to be cast must be built up over a metal armature which can support the weight of the clay and later the mould when this stage is reached. Wet clay in any quantity can be extremely heavy, and so the armature must be strong enough to hold up considerable weight but without compromising the form.
Sometimes the armature can be entirely internal, but often an external support is needed because of the weights involved. The shape of the armature, and the point where the metal rod or rods if needed will emerge from the piece need to be carefully planned, so that the final form and surface detail will not be adversely affected.
Research & planning
Using my sketches and photographs taken from much time spent observing hens, I have chosen the pose I want to use, and the exact size of the sculpture. The armature then has to be planned in detail.
As the first step between observing and sketching the subject and starting the full-size piece, I find it helpful to make a maquette, or small model, which is in effect a sketch in 3D. As well as being helpful for planning the armature, this is a key stage in capturing the best way to express the essential nature and character of the subject as a sculpture.
The armature must be built and securely fixed to a base board. In order to minimise the weight of the piece, it is possible to pack out the centre with polystyrene or something similarly light, inside chicken wire which creates an inner shape to the piece, and gives a key onto which clay can be applied.
The supporting armature under the neck of the hen will leave a small mark on the cast, which will be filled with bronze or resin as appropriate.
Building with clay
When building a sculpture to be cast, once the work of building the armature has been done correctly, the focus is all about form and feeling, and the clay can be applied in whatever way best captures the essence of the subject.
Whilst working on a sculpture in clay, the piece will be kept damp between sessions, so that the freshness of the clay and each mark right down to a thumb print will be kept and then reproduced in the cast.
Once the piece is built, the next step is casting. | <urn:uuid:d314cbbc-1a5e-43d4-97aa-e501365cb45f> | CC-MAIN-2020-50 | https://carolinebarnett.co.uk/techniques/building-pieces-to-be-cast/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2020-50/segments/1606141735600.89/warc/CC-MAIN-20201204101314-20201204131314-00359.warc.gz | en | 0.946758 | 465 | 2.515625 | 3 |
Psychology for the classroom: constructivism and social learning
Pritchard, Alan and Woollard, John (2010) Psychology for the classroom: constructivism and social learning, Oxford, UK, Routledge/David Fulton Education, 112pp. (Psychology for the Classroom).
Full text not available from this repository.
Psychology for the Classroom: Constructivism and Social Learning provides a lively introduction to the much debated topics of talk and group collaboration in classrooms, and the development of interactive approaches to teaching. The authors provide a background to research in constructivist and social learning theory, offering a broad and practical analysis which focuses on contemporary issues and strategies, including the use of e-learning and multimedia. Throughout the book theory is linked with its practical implications for everyday teaching and learning and chapters incorporate:
* the history of constructivist and social learning theory and key thinkers
* pedagogical implications
* practical strategies for the classroom
* constructivist theory and e-learning.
Case studies and vignettes demonstrating best practice are used throughout the text, illustrating how monitored collaboration between learners can result in an effective learning environment where targets are met. Essential reading for practising teachers and students, this book is a valuable guide for those looking for provide effective teaching and learning within a constructivist framework
|Keywords:||psychology, learning theory, classroom, social constructivism, pedagogy, research|
|Subjects:||L Education > LB Theory and practice of education > LB1603 Secondary Education. High schools
L Education > LB Theory and practice of education > LB1501 Primary Education
B Philosophy. Psychology. Religion > BF Psychology
|Divisions:||University Structure - Pre August 2011 > School of Education > Social Justice and Inclusive Education
|Date Deposited:||04 Nov 2009|
|Last Modified:||31 Mar 2016 12:57|
|RDF:||RDF+N-Triples, RDF+N3, RDF+XML, Browse.|
Actions (login required) | <urn:uuid:29464186-5445-49c9-a0fd-44a4e694abac> | CC-MAIN-2016-40 | http://eprints.soton.ac.uk/69354/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2016-40/segments/1474738661367.29/warc/CC-MAIN-20160924173741-00184-ip-10-143-35-109.ec2.internal.warc.gz | en | 0.836508 | 423 | 2.984375 | 3 |
Panel discussion on climate change and the rights of the child
Thank you Mr. Vice-president,
This is a joint statement with International Organisation for the Elimination of All Forms of Racial Discrimination (EAFORD) and the Geneva International Centre for Justice (GICJ).
We thank the panellists for their presentations and especially for integrating a human rights-based approach to climate change,
Climate change is directly and indirectly linked to all human rights issues. The rights of the child and climate change are intrinsically related in a myriad of ways, most notably, physical and mental health of children, their development, exposure to disease, housing and education among others.
Agricultural based communities rely heavily dependent on predictable and stable weather patterns. Constant droughts abate traditional farmers’ and indigenous communities’ access to grazing lands and clean water. In Kenya, rising average temperatures and unpredictable rain patterns accelerates desertification making shelter and nutritious food sparse for children. As well, in Bangladesh, groundwater depletion, exacerbated by climate change, unfavourably reduces food production and nutrition for children. Water availability and quality will also be adversely affected.
Furthermore, this phenomenon adds to the loss of livestock and cattle, a main source of income for pastoral and agricultural livelihoods; hence, families and communities are unable to generate capital to sustain their children in terms of food, schooling, or ensuring their security and access to adequate health care services as per the Convention of the Rights of the Child.
Climate change also adds the dimension of “food stability and systems” in that changes in climate and weather upsets the stability of people’s and government’s food security strategies generating inconsistent and inadequate, availability and utilisation of nutritious food towards children.
We recommend to:
- Address children from agriculturally based communities who are negatively affected by climate change;
- Provide necessary and relevant safe havens and appropriate and accessible education to children on the phenomenon of climate change;
- Provide adequate, regular, and nutritious food to children affected by climate change through community food banks close to affected livelihoods;
- Engage and involve children and young people in the climate change dialogue.
We thank you, | <urn:uuid:a236ce60-8aaf-4618-a2e3-c229f6286b53> | CC-MAIN-2018-47 | http://www.gicj.org/videos-and-medias/912-34th-session-of-the-human-rights-council-climate-change-and-child-rights-mutua-kobia | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2018-47/segments/1542039743282.69/warc/CC-MAIN-20181117040838-20181117062838-00072.warc.gz | en | 0.917948 | 447 | 3.359375 | 3 |
"Do not dig any more," said the voice; "only tell me how high up is your excavation?"
Yes; stop up your excavation carefully, do not work any more, and wait until you hear from me.
At the end of fifteen months the level was finished, and the excavation completed beneath the gallery, and the two workmen could distinctly hear the measured tread of the sentinel as he paced to and fro over their heads.
But as I cannot, and you will not, quit this place, it becomes necessary to fill up the excavation beneath the soldier’s gallery; he might, by chance, hear the hollow sound of his footsteps, and call the attention of his officer to the circumstance.
The fresh earth excavated during their present work, and which would have entirely blocked up the old passage, was thrown, by degrees and with the utmost precaution, out of the window in either Faria’s or Dantes’ cell, the rubbish being first pulverized so finely that the night wind carried it far away without permitting the smallest trace to remain.
On the left, in a sort of valley, he perceived a circular excavation.
In this passage he proposed to drive a level as they do in mines; this level would bring the two prisoners immediately beneath the gallery where the sentry kept watch; once there, a large excavation would be made, and one of the flag-stones with which the gallery was paved be so completely loosened that at the desired moment it would give way beneath the feet of the soldier, who, stunned by his fall, would be immediately bound and gagged by Dantes before he had power to offer any…
There are no more uses of "excavate" in the book.
Show samples from other sources
While excavating to lay the foundation, we encountered an ancient burial mound. | <urn:uuid:cac89b1c-1839-478c-8d62-83f28027a127> | CC-MAIN-2017-17 | http://www.verbalworkout.com/ub/ub107/ub10791868.htm | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2017-17/segments/1492917122629.72/warc/CC-MAIN-20170423031202-00531-ip-10-145-167-34.ec2.internal.warc.gz | en | 0.97798 | 380 | 2.5625 | 3 |
A poisonous mushroom collected from London Heathrow Airport, along with a particularly ugly orchid , top the list of 156 new plants and mushrooms from Kew Botanical Gardens worldwide for 2020.
In fact, a third of the new species are orchids; and a total of 19 orchids were found on the island of Nueva Guinea. In the next photo you can see an image of what is considered "the ugliest orchid in the world".
This year six new species of webcap toadstool mushrooms have been named in the UK, including Cortinarius heatherae (pictured at the top of this post), which was discovered along the river at the Heathrow airport boundary by the field mycologist Andy Overall . Other discoveries by scientists at Kew include:
- A Peruvian plant related to the sweet potato that could be a future food source.
- A rare and rare scaly shrub that grows in arid regions of Namibia, it has scaly leaves and grows in hot natural sand trays.
- A plant related to the pineapple, which is pollinated by hummingbirds, that lives on a limestone cliff in central Brazil, but is at risk of extinction due to the extraction of limestone to make cement.
- A shrub related to the cranberry found near the world’s largest gold mine in New Guinea, Indonesia.
- An herb with medicinal properties found in a forest on the border between Zimbabwe and Mozambique.
- Two new species of Aloe (as in Aloe vera) from Madagascar. | <urn:uuid:d5a1c36a-f302-4c09-a6eb-119bf47d82b1> | CC-MAIN-2023-14 | https://www.sciencejane.com/a-poisonous-mushroom-collected-at-london-heathrow-airport-is-one-of-156-new-plants-and-fungi-on-the-2020-list/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2023-14/segments/1679296944452.97/warc/CC-MAIN-20230322211955-20230323001955-00693.warc.gz | en | 0.955483 | 327 | 3.171875 | 3 |
The lettuce sold in supermarkets near my home in the German capital comes mostly from Spain, which means it travels over a thousand miles before reaching my salad bowl.
InFarm, a Berlin-based urban agriculture start-up founded by a group of Israelis, is experimenting with an alternative that is more environmentally friendly, healthier and tastier. Guy Galonska, co-founder of InFarm, guides me through the start-up’s laboratory — a climate-controlled space where a variety of greens and herbs are growing.
“The vision is integrating a practical solution for growing food in the city,” Galonska said, while gently cutting some lettuce and offering me a taste. “Basically, decentralizing industrial agriculture, bringing back small-scale farming that allows more biodiversity, fresher food, healthier food. Taking control of what we eat.”
The lettuce was delicious. It was crunchier than regular lettuce, and its rich flavour — first bitter, then sweet — had a much stronger presence in my mouth. More importantly, the carbon footprint of InFarm’s lettuce is four times smaller than that of lettuce sold in Berlin supermarkets, according to Galonska, mainly because transportation and refrigeration — both extremely energy-consuming — are eliminated.
InFarm’s innovative approach to farming is part of a paradigm shift in the food industry, as companies become more conscious of the environmental impact of food production. But the change is just beginning, and the fresh produce industry in most developed countries is still very much globalized and, as a result, energy consuming.
Over half of the fruit and vegetables available in German markets are imported, mostly from southern Europe, but also from countries as far as South Africa and Argentina, according to a report by EuroMonitor. The United States imported more than $18 billion of fruits and vegetables in 2011, and exported more than $7 billion, according to a report by the Congressional Research Service.
The globalization of the fresh-produce industry is one of the reasons the global food sector accounts for 30 percent of the world’s total energy consumption, according to the Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nation (FAO-UN). Furthermore, mass movement of fresh produce from country to country is not only energy consuming, it is wasteful. The FAO-UN estimates that one third of food produced for human consumption worldwide is lost or wasted along the chain that stretches from farms to processing plants to retailers to supermarkets and finally, to our kitchens.
InFarm’s urban farming is based on growing methods that are very different from those used in industrial, outdoor agriculture. Instead of sunshine, a scarce ingredient in the gloomy Berlin climate, plants are lit with light-emitting diode, or LED, a technology whose inventors were recently awarded the Nobel Prize in physics. LED is an upgrade over high-intensity discharge (HID) lamps — the technology used in most commercial greenhouses — because it provides more efficient lighting yet has a much lower electric draw.
The environmentally minded efficiency does not stop there. While sun-based agriculture consumes a lot of space, InFarm’s system is based on vertical farming that could yield up to a hundred times more crops per square meter, according to Galonska. The plants are cultivated using hydroponics, which basically means they grow in water instead of soil. The water is chemical free. It contains a precisely measured amount of nutrients and organic fertilizers. As a result, the plants are less susceptible to nature’s harms.
“Most of the bacteria, funguses and pests live in soil. Once you go hydroponic, you eliminate most of them,” explained Galonska. “It grows really fast and you could do it anywhere, so right now we are in the middle of [the Berlin neighborhood] Kreutzberg. Not much fields around us, yet we have really fresh produce.”
Galonska envisions a future where small urban farms sprout up in every community or even in every building, providing carbon-neutral fresh produce in mass quantities. For now, the produce growing in InFarm’s Berlin laboratory are served in the InFarm café, which is located a few feet away. Every Saturday, Galonska and his colleagues host a brunch to familiarize Berliners with the concept of indoor local agriculture, and give them a rare opportunity to eat produce that is really fresh.
“We took this large space so we could have these events to give people a chance to taste what indoor farming means,” Galonska said. “Some people are kind of intimidated by the idea of plants growing under artificial lights and hydroponics, and what we noticed early on is that the fear evaporates once they taste. The body knows instinctively what it consumes is good.”
This summer, InFarm raised more than 25 thousand Euros in a crowd-funding campaign, enabling the start-up to continue with its mission. Galonska said they are improving their indoor growing techniques, and will soon make available new products that would allow people to grow their own food easily.
As for me, ever since I visited InFarm, when I grab a supermarket lettuce I instinctively wonder how many days have passed since it was picked, and how many miles it has travelled.
Yermi Brenner is a frequent contributor to the Forward. Follow him on Twitter: @yermibrenner. | <urn:uuid:50066ddd-d7d3-427b-bb3e-5dab6f447ee2> | CC-MAIN-2019-39 | https://forward.com/food/208353/israelis-bring-better-salad-to-berlin/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2019-39/segments/1568514576355.92/warc/CC-MAIN-20190923105314-20190923131314-00212.warc.gz | en | 0.955183 | 1,115 | 2.515625 | 3 |
Want to make an orthopedic surgeon cringe? Lift a heavy object with outstretched arms. Sling a heavy backpack over one arm. Reach for something with your thumb pointing down.
Do you see a pattern here? All of these things place undue strain on the shoulder joint—and while some doctors might joke that it’s good for business, the truth is that it’s bad for shoulders.
The shoulder is an incredibly mobile joint; however this mobility comes with a price—instability. In fact, you can think of the shoulder joint sort of like a golf ball sitting on a golf tee—not very stable.
When it comes to the shoulder, your best defense is a good offense. Healthy habits are key. Here are some simple steps for taking care of your shoulders so that you can continue to do all of your favorite—and even some of your not so favorite—activities.
- Posture: Practice good posture when standing and seated. Keep your head over your shoulders and your shoulders down and back.
- Backpack: There are two straps for a reason. Use them. Avoid carrying a backpack or heavy bag over just one shoulder.
- Lifting: Lift and carry objects close to your body. Avoid lifting heavy objects with outstretched arms.
- Reaching: Use a stool or ladder to reduce strain on your shoulder.
- Overhead Motion: Avoid working with your arms above shoulder level for long periods of time. Take regular breaks, especially from repetitive activity.
- Thumbs Up: Keep your thumb pointing up when you reach for something with your arm.
Healthy habits are one way to prevent shoulder injuries—but if you really want to be proactive, be sure to stretch and strengthen the muscles of the shoulder joint.
Read more about shoulder injuries and how to prevent them on Shoulder Injuries and Disorders. | <urn:uuid:dc91839d-761e-424a-8e96-8b017fa02334> | CC-MAIN-2019-04 | http://www.osmifw.com/healthy-habits-for-shoulders/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2019-04/segments/1547583657470.23/warc/CC-MAIN-20190116113941-20190116135941-00283.warc.gz | en | 0.92756 | 382 | 2.9375 | 3 |
How Halloween Increases the Risk of Motor Vehicle Crashes
Halloween is usually a fun holiday for families with young children, who get to dress up in costumes and go out trick-or-treating. However, Halloween also, unfortunately, has some of the highest rates of motor vehicle-related crashes, especially pedestrian accidents. If you or your children plan to be out this Halloween, you need to understand why the risk of accidents is greater during the holiday and what you can do to keep yourself and your family safe.
One primary reason for the increase in motor vehicle accidents on Halloween is due to drunk driving. While children spend Halloween out trick-or-treating, many teens and adults choose to celebrate the holiday by going out to parties. Unfortunately, some Halloween party-goers make the fatal mistake of consuming alcohol and then getting behind the wheel. Statistics from the National Highway Traffic Safety Administration show that almost half of all auto accident fatalities on Halloween involved alcohol.
If you choose to drink at a Halloween party, you should avoid getting behind the wheel. Even “buzzed” driving makes you a risk of causing an accident. The risk of drunk driving accidents on Halloween can be reduced by:
- Having a designated driver
- Taking public transportation, or calling a taxi, rideshare, or livery vehicle
- Planning to spend the night at wherever you are attending a party
Increased Pedestrian Traffic
With so many children running around neighborhoods trick-or-treating, the increase in pedestrian traffic also leads to a rise in the risk of pedestrian accidents. Smaller children may be harder to see in the evening and at night, especially when they are wearing dark-colored costumes. Children in their excitement may fail to practice proper pedestrian safety and may dart out into the street in front of oncoming traffic.
Drivers can help reduce the risk of pedestrian accidents by driving slower than normal, especially when traveling through residential neighborhoods. If a driver needs to text to check directions, they should pull over and stop where safe to do so.
Parents can also help keep their children safe from accidents by:
- Choosing brightly-colored costumes, or adding reflective tape to their costume and candy bag/bucket
- Having children carry a flashlight or lantern, which can help make them more visible to drivers
- Having a chaperone accompany young children out trick-or-treating
- Reminding children never to cross a street without looking both ways, to cross at marked crosswalks or intersections whenever possible, and to always stay on the sidewalk whenever one is available
Inadequate Parental Supervision
While having chaperones for children out trick-or-treating is always a good idea, when supervising young children parents should ensure that there are always enough adults or older, responsible siblings to make sure that no child can walk or run off on their own without someone noticing.
In addition to supervising young children out trick-or-treating, parents should also exercise appropriate supervision for teen Halloween parties, including making sure that no one consumes alcohol or uses drugs and then gets behind the wheel of their vehicle to drive home after the party.
Contact a Pittsburgh Personal Injury Lawyer to Discuss Your Auto Accident Case in Pennsylvania
Did you or a loved one sustain serious injuries due to an auto accident in Pennsylvania? Don’t let the medical bills pile up while you wait for the negligent party or their insurance company to do the right thing. Right now, you need an aggressive personal injury attorney on your side, fighting to get you the compensation you need, want, and deserve. The skilled attorneys at Berger & Lagnese, LLC represent clients injured because of auto accidents in Butler, Cranberry Township, Erie, Greensburg, and throughout Pennsylvania. Call (412) 471-4300 or fill out our online contact form to schedule a free consultation about your case. We have an office conveniently located at 310 Grant St. #720, Pittsburgh, PA 15219.
The articles on this blog are for informative purposes only and are no substitute for legal advice or an attorney-client relationship. If you are seeking legal advice, please contact our law firm directly. | <urn:uuid:e8940ae7-f19e-44d2-ab78-89e8f7a28e39> | CC-MAIN-2023-14 | https://www.bergerlagnese.com/blog/how-halloween-increases-the-risk-of-motor-vehicle-crashes/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2023-14/segments/1679296950030.57/warc/CC-MAIN-20230401125552-20230401155552-00352.warc.gz | en | 0.936736 | 856 | 2.5625 | 3 |
Poverty and Education. Alexandria Jackson EDCI 6300-98 Tennessee State University. Introduction.
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Tennessee State University
Compared to middle-income parents, low-income parents provide their children with less physical and emotional support and weaker language, reasoning, and behavioral preparation for school (Farkas 2000).
When analyzed according to race and ethnicity, achievement disparities negatively impact educational outcomes for poor children and children of color on a consistent basis (McGee 2004).
Keep parents actively involved, and provide them with supplemental information that may help to improve their lives as well as the lives of their children.
The statistics on the number of families and the number of children living in poverty were astounding. In general, children who live in poverty have a hard time succeeding in school. These children have a home environment that offers little interaction at a time that is crucial to the development of language and social skills. They start school with deficits in crucial areas when compared with peers. A majority of the articles showed a direct correlation with poverty and African Americans. States with a large number of African American citizens, infant mortality, births to unmarried women, and other factors, have the highest rates of child poverty.
In order for students who live in poverty to succeed, educators must provide opportunities for learning the fit the learner. | <urn:uuid:68417756-864f-41cd-85d0-934fe0d7d2f2> | CC-MAIN-2018-51 | https://www.slideserve.com/adamdaniel/poverty-and-education | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2018-51/segments/1544376823228.36/warc/CC-MAIN-20181209232026-20181210013526-00356.warc.gz | en | 0.949385 | 330 | 3.3125 | 3 |
Muscle Battery Packs and Body Meridians
A healthy cell maintains a voltage of -20 mV to -25 mV. This allows the cell to function properly. In order to make new cells the voltage has to increase to -50mV. If the voltage drops to lower than -20mV or into the + mV range then disease can occur. If an organ or center of the body has many cells with low voltage than most likely there will be problems.
This energy is maintained through a variety of ways. One example is muscles. Muscles generate some of this energy when they move (piezoelectric). There are series of muscles that are grouped together in what is called a meridian. These muscles are responsible for generating power and moving energy to specific sets of organs.
Voltage must be maintained in order for the body to be healthy. Once the cause of the low voltage is fixed, the body should heal itself. | <urn:uuid:43daa36f-2dbf-4483-9129-82b8ac1b553e> | CC-MAIN-2020-16 | https://www.santesmith.com/voltage | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2020-16/segments/1585370511408.40/warc/CC-MAIN-20200410173109-20200410203609-00251.warc.gz | en | 0.921933 | 195 | 3.359375 | 3 |
purple DOCUMENT purple FASHION Magazine : S/S 2013 issue 19
One of the most renowned American anthropologists, EDMUND CARPENTER, died in July 2011. He spent his life exploring the most enigmatic forms of tribal and traditional art while also examining modern media and electronic communication. In the 1950s he and his colleagues at the University of Toronto, among them Marshall McLuhan and Northrop Frye, created a theory of global communication. Purple wanted to celebrate the richness of his research, which connects both the past and present, and diverse art forms and symbolic systems across time.
portrait by MAX SNOW
text by JEFF RIAN
Every environment teaches us something. New York City is no exception. Not long after moving there in 1980, people I’d met at the peripheries of the art world turned me toward various sources of local information. One of those sources was Edmund Carpenter’s night class at The New School of Social Research. Friends I’d made knew him well, so I entered that circle as part of my NYC education. Meeting those friends and Ted changed my life.
Edmund “Ted” Snow Carpenter was an anthropologist best known for his work on tribal art and visual media. Ted had studied anthropology with Frank Speck (a student of Franz Boas) at the University of Pennsylvania. While still at Penn, he shipped off as a US Marine to the Pacific theater of WWII, where the worst fighting for American soldiers occurred, including the infamous battle of Iwo Jima, in which Ted himself fought. Immediately after the war he took charge of 300 Japanese prisoners and directed an archaeological dig in Guam. Once back home he finished his PhD, and soon thereafter found himself teaching anthropology at the University of Toronto, where he joined Marshall McLuhan, the political economist Harold Innis, the classicist Eric Havelock and the literary critic Northrop Frye, who were all busy inventing new theories about the history of communications.
Ted veritably embodied a kind of Indiana Jones character — tough, educated, handsome, uncompromising, committed. His involvement in the history and evolution of human societies offered a way of thinking that the formal education most of us received never touched upon. He understood sensory cognition, the role of communication processes in the shaping of knowledge and experience, the difference between tactile and visual awareness, and the patterns and processes that form us and make cultures different.
My notes from his class, which I still have, include the following: The only way to teach a naked man to read is to clothe him… The printing press created language borders… Radio is nationalistic… Certain media favor certain ideas, so a new form is a revolution in itself… Competition breeds similarity not diversity… Money and numbers come with writing; they allow us to translate and reorganize… Written language is esoteric: an initiation ritual for the young that is professionally maintained…. History reveals changes in media… Books are more neurologically demanding than television, which is a world unto itself, which excites us but cannot satisfy… The art of a culture is rooted to the values of a culture; the values of a culture are rooted to its art.
Hearing such things required a reordering of my perception of living in what Ted and McLuhan called “sensory profiles” — how a culture shapes perceptions to conform with its priorities.
Ted had studied and lived with the Inuit (Eskimo) as well as the tribes of New Guinea (a place he loved and hoped the tourist industry would never discover). In Toronto he produced and hosted television shows in addition to a radio broadcast called “Explorations,” which would become a magazine that he edited with McLuhan. As an early explorer of mass-market communication, he compared and contrasted oral, literate, and electronic cultures, exploring how one devoured the other. He searched the historical record for changing patterns. Throughout his life he gathered artifacts from ancient and tribal societies, including many found in the frozen tundra of Siberia, where, to his shock, local explorers often blasted the ice with flamethrowers to speed up their own digging.
Between 1986 and 1988 Ted privately published Materials for the Study of Social Symbolism in Ancient and Tribal Art: A Record of Tradition and Continuity, a massive, 12-volume, 3,500-page edition, with 7,000 illustrations, based on the archives of Carl Schuster (1904–1969), an art historian who specialized in the study of traditional symbolism. Schuster died before he was able to publish his findings. Six hundred copies of them were distributed to libraries and scholars around the world (An abbreviated version titled Patterns That Connect: Social Symbolism in Ancient & Tribal Art, was published in 1996 by Abrams Press). Schuster collected artifacts from prehistory to modern times, from the farthest reaches of human migration — from Africa to New Zealand, and to Tierra del Fuego at the tip of Argentina. He looked for “visual statements” that peoples from all societies had inscribed onto fabrics, totems, woodcarvings, rocks, tools, utensils, tattoos, game boards, shaved sticks, and you name it (that collection is now in the Museum für Völkerkunde, in Basel, Switzerland). Ted photographed and had images redrawn from that collection for his publication, piecing them together non-historically, but stylistically, in order to reveal how our ancestors from across the world transmitted kinship and cosmological symbols in Sunbird images, ladders, games like hopscotch, and stick figures, whose similarities reach across time and culture. Ted’s comparative methodology, which was practiced by the scholars of his generation, wasn’t so much theoretical as it was practical and visual — thus creating a history of communications told in images.
The title of the Abrams book, Patterns That Connect, was taken from Gregory Bateson, a biologist who studied evolution and examined life in terms of patterns, hierarchies, relevance, and relationship. In Mind and Nature Bateson asked: “Why do schools teach almost nothing of the pattern which connects?” Both Bateson and Carpenter regarded human life as an ever-evolving relationship of sensory, technological, and cultural patterns and connections (the bibliography in McLuhan’s The Gutenberg Galaxy is a gold mine of books on such subjects).
Maybe it was luck that brought Ted to the University of Toronto at a time when like minds in that place shared an interest in interdisciplinary study and sought an understanding of a world devastated by world war and yet fully charged with new materials and technologies. They sought new words to describe this changed world. Ted sought an understanding of humans, whose physical apparatus hadn’t changed in 100,000 years but whose technological revolutions — the invention of alphabetic writing in Greece around 750 BCE; the printing press and linear perspective in the 1430s CE; and electronic media in our own times — demanded a reprogramming of culture, and how culture — especially the avaricious Western culture — is conservative in its willingness to change but all-consuming in its implementation of power. For those who knew him, his presence was a constantly stimulating revelation. | <urn:uuid:0b4e4b82-7e1a-495f-915e-f977ac8af1ce> | CC-MAIN-2014-42 | http://purple.fr/magazine/s-s-2013-issue-19/article/444 | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2014-42/segments/1414119645432.37/warc/CC-MAIN-20141024030045-00287-ip-10-16-133-185.ec2.internal.warc.gz | en | 0.960716 | 1,495 | 2.625 | 3 |
Fulminant hepatic failure is a syndrome defined by the abrupt loss of liver function, associated with hepatic encephalopathy (HE) and coagulopathy. Early and appropriate therapy is critical. In chronic or end-stage liver disease and in acute liver disease with no apparent underlying cause, treatment provides supportive care to allow time for hepatic regeneration and compensation.
Specific treatment should be administered if an underlying cause is identified. Decontamination of oral, dermal, and enteric surfaces is mandatory if toxin exposure has occurred within 36 hr. If an adverse drug reaction is implicated, administration of the drug in question must be stopped and antidotes investigated. Life-threatening infection, cerebral edema, and coagulopathies are major complications.
Attention to fluid, electrolyte, and acid-base balance, glycemic status, and nutritional support optimizes chance of survival. Lactated Ringer's solution should be avoided because hepatic failure may thwart lactose metabolism and cause lactic acidosis. Chronic vomiting and diarrhea can lead to dehydration, hypokalemia, hypochloremia, and metabolic alkalosis. Alkalosis and hypokalemia can increase renal ammonia production, escalating HE. Neuroglycopenia can induce neurologic effects that contribute to HE. Administration of 0.9% NaCl with supplemental vitamins and glucose is usually a safe first option. Dextrose (2.5%) and potassium (sliding scale) should be judiciously added to IV fluids and water-soluble vitamins supplemented (fortified B-soluble vitamins at 2 ml/L of fluid).
In cats, a B12 injection (250–1,000 μg total dose, IM or SC) should be considered if severe gut disease, pancreatic disease, or starvation are suspected. Thiamine deficiency can produce neurobehavioral signs similar to those of HE. While hyperglycemia must be avoided because it can worsen cerebral edema, euglycemia must be established before thiamine administration; otherwise, neuroglycopenia may aggravate neurologic signs and cause more extensive neurologic injury. Thiamine can be supplemented PO or slowly with IV fluids (fortified B-soluble vitamin solution), in cats a rate of 25–100 mg/day is recommended.
Broad-spectrum antibiotics should be given empirically if HE, renal failure, or components of the systemic inflammatory response syndrome (SIRS) are identified.
In most cases, N-acetylcysteine is administered for the first 2 days to provide cysteine for glutathione synthesis, to improve microcirculatory perfusion, and to protect against development of SIRS. A loading dose (140 mg/kg) is initially administered through a 0.25 μM filter and given over 20 min; prolonged infusion can precipitate hyperammonemia. Thereafter, 70 mg/kg is given IV at intervals of 6–8 hr for 2 days. Rarely, an adverse reaction develops in dogs, manifesting as urticaria, pruritic rash, vomiting, and most severely as angioneurotic edema.
When oral medications can be tolerated, biologically available S-adenosylmethionine (SAMe) is recommended at 20–40 mg/kg/day, PO, given on an empty stomach to sustain hepatic glutathione adequacy.
Vitamin K1 (0.5–1.5 mg/kg, IM or SC) is given in 3 doses at 12-hr intervals. Inhibition of gastric acid secretion with a histamine-2 receptor antagonist (eg, famotidine) or HCl pump inhibitor (eg omeprazole) is also advised. If overt hemorrhagic tendencies are observed, fresh frozen plasma or cryoprecipitate (for vWF and fibrinogen) may be needed. Desmopressin acetate (DDAVP, 0.3 μg/kg, IV diluted to 10% in saline) can sometimes arrest serious hemorrhage by improving primary hemostasis.
Development of cerebral edema is mul-tifactorial, complex, and incompletely understood. The head and neck should be maintained in a neutral position, avoiding compression of jugular blood flow. Elevation of the head and neck can reduce intracranial pressure and decrease CSF hydrostatic pressure. Central venous lines increase risk of serious iatrogenic hemorrhage, which may require use of compression bandaging. Spontaneous hyperventilation sustains a mild respiratory alkalosis that promotes cerebral arterial vasoconstriction; this tends to reduce intracerebral pressure. Hypoxia must be avoided because of its associated cerebral vasodilatory effect. Mannitol (0.25–0.5 g/kg, given as an IV bolus), can help reduce cerebral edema; boluses can be repeated if serum osmolality is not increased. Furosemide (0.5–1 mg/kg, every 6–8 hr) has been used to increase renal elimination of sodium and water. Use of hypothermia, barbiturate coma, hypertonic saline, or flumazenil infusion are not recommended.
Last full review/revision March 2012 by Sharon A. Center, DVM, DACVIM | <urn:uuid:6f84da40-4667-4bd2-9304-a63d3d6869d1> | CC-MAIN-2013-48 | http://www.merckmanuals.com/vet/digestive_system/hepatic_disease_in_small_animals/fulminant_hepatic_failure_in_small_animals.html | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2013-48/segments/1386164641332/warc/CC-MAIN-20131204134401-00073-ip-10-33-133-15.ec2.internal.warc.gz | en | 0.856664 | 1,099 | 2.625 | 3 |
No, the red player in the video above is not having a seizure. And the blue player is not drunk. Instead, you are seeing what happens when one artificial intelligence (AI) gets the better of another, by simply behaving in an unexpected manner.
One way to create AI smarter would be to have it learn from its surroundings. Cars of the future, by way of instance, will be better at reading road signs and preventing pedestrians as they gain more experience. But hackers can exploit these systems with”adversarial attacks”: From subtly and just modifying a picture, say, you can fool an AI to misidentifying it. A stop sign with a couple of stickers on it may be regarded as a speed limit sign, for instance.
The new study shows AI can be duped into not only seeing something it should not but also into behaving in ways it should not. The study occurs in the world of simulated sports: soccer, sumo wrestling, and a game where someone stops a runner from crossing a line. Typically, both opponents train by playing against each other. Because of this, the goalie bot starts to play horribly, wobbling to and fro like a drunk pirate, and losing up to twice as many games as it should, according to research presented here this month in the Neural Information Processing Systems Conference.
Such adversarial attacks could cause real-world issues for autonomous driving, financial trading, or product recommendation systems, like those found on Amazon. One can envision a vehicle owned by a prankster or terrorist jiggling its steering wheel in only such a way as to create a nearby car to swerve off the road, or an algorithm implementing trades that cause other people to go haywire and make a market crash. | <urn:uuid:2cb95cd1-c014-403e-98df-8369317ca882> | CC-MAIN-2020-29 | https://www.crained.com/1130/watch-an-ai-goalie-psych-out-its-opponent-nerd-hilarious/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2020-29/segments/1593655881763.20/warc/CC-MAIN-20200706160424-20200706190424-00295.warc.gz | en | 0.962512 | 354 | 2.671875 | 3 |
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People of Color Also Know Stuff provides a directory of experts of color in political science. Their mission is to promote scholars of color in Political Science and serve as an amplifier for efforts to advance racial diversity and inclusion in the discipline. They aim to advance equity that is inclusive of all class backgrounds, gender identities, sexual identities, and institutional contexts.
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A collective of Black Latina scholars producing innovative knowledge about race within Latinidad and Blackness. The website lists members of the Collective and shares scholarship on their blog and social media. | <urn:uuid:10ffb5c6-ae15-41c0-8882-c52b6b327ef3> | CC-MAIN-2022-40 | https://guides.lib.lsu.edu/wgs2500 | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-40/segments/1664030335350.36/warc/CC-MAIN-20220929100506-20220929130506-00605.warc.gz | en | 0.916356 | 260 | 2.546875 | 3 |
April 2 is World Autism Awareness Day, recognized by the United Nations General Assembly for the purpose of improving the lives of people living with autism. According to the organization Autism Speaks, autism affects 1 in 88 children; however, scientists are still working to understand the causes of autism-spectrum conditions (ASC) and develop evidence-based interventions.
An upcoming article in Psychological Science adds another piece of understanding to the autism puzzle. Richard Cook, in collaboration with researchers based at City University London, UK and the Institute of Psychiatry, King’s College London, UK, noted that in the past, some studies have concluded that persons with ASC have trouble identifying faces and facial emotions, but other studies have not found evidence of such deficiencies.
The team drew on these gaps in scientists’ understanding of how people with ASC process faces to test the hypothesis that a personality trait called alexithymia — that is, difficulty identifying and describing emotions — is the real cause of the emotional symptoms associated with autism. About 10 percent of the general population experiences alexithymia, and more than half of people with autism may experience severe alexithymia. However, autism and alexithymia occur independently of each other.
In two experiments, Cook and his colleagues used morph continua (photos that blended the facial features and expressions of two individuals) to test participants’ ability to identify the emotional content of facial expressions, individual faces, and variation in facial expressions. Experiments were performed on two groups — one that consisted of 16 participants diagnosed with ASC, and a second that consisted of 16 participants who did not meet the criteria for ASC. Each group included five alexithymic individuals.
Analysis of the results showed that alexithymia, but not ASC, predicted an impaired ability to recognize emotional expressions. Furthermore, neither alexthymia nor autism predicted participants’ ability to identify individuals based on their facial features or participants’ ability to detect physical differences between facial expressions — axethymia instead appears to impair individuals’ interpretation of emotional content.
Similar studies have shown that empathic brain activity and gaze fixations to emotional social stimui are also better predicted by alexthymia than they are by ASC. Based on their findings, the psychological scientists suggest that it may be appropriate to rethink “the characterization of autism as a disorder with emotional symptoms.” The study also highlights the importance of balancing the number of alexithymic and non-alexithymic individuals used in experiments designed to study autism so that symptoms of alexithymia are not mistakenly attributed to autism. The study is a reminder that scientists have a long way to go toward understanding autism, but every piece of the puzzle is a step toward improving the lives of those affected by ASC.
Leave a comment below and continue the conversation. | <urn:uuid:5321b759-1bc2-4d21-88a9-ac6186110266> | CC-MAIN-2016-40 | http://www.psychologicalscience.org/index.php/publications/observer/autism-research-in-psychological-science.html | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2016-40/segments/1474738662133.5/warc/CC-MAIN-20160924173742-00079-ip-10-143-35-109.ec2.internal.warc.gz | en | 0.944772 | 583 | 3.625 | 4 |
In 2020 both the Christian Holy Week/Easter and the Jewish festival of Passover fall very close in time together. It has, at least in past centuries, been a season marked by hostility, and sometimes violence on the part of Christians towards their Jewish neighbours. This was partly generated by the reading of the Passion narrative – the version in Matthew’s Gospel, which is this year’s lectionary Gospel, is especially difficult because of its suggestion that the crowd present at Jesus’ trial had willingly accepted blood guilt for Jesus’ death (Matthew 27.25). Notably that reference is not in any of the other three Gospels, and its inclusion in Matthew may owe more to Jewish-Christian tensions at the time Matthew’s Gospel was written than to historicity. The highly charged atmosphere of Holy Week led also to several instances of the ‘blood libel’ – the accusation that Jews killed Christian children to use their blood in the making of the matzot (unleaven bread) for Passover. Ridiculous as this libel may now seem, in the Middle Ages it led to several instances of deadly attacks against Jewish communities.
Of course things have now changed. At least we hope so, although recent attacks on Jewish groups have made it clear that violence is never far beneath the surface. But with such a fraught history of relationships Christians need to be very aware of Jewish sensitivities, and acknowledge that the passion provoked by the Passion can be very dangerous. Most churches have revised the traditional prayers used especially on Good Friday – so that (thankfully) we are no longer asked to pray for ‘perfidious Jews’. One of the most important steps Christianity has taken in the last 75 years is an institutional willingness to be self-critical, a step which is a prerequisite if a religion is not going to allow itself to be used as a tool in religiously motivated violence.
Nevertheless there is still ‘room for improvement’. The vexed question of Christianity’s theological relationship to Judaism rears its head during Holy Week. It is expressed most visibly in the increasingly popular practice in some Christian circles of holding what might be called a ‘Christian Seder’. This is a celebration on Maundy Thursday, or a day very close to it, normally by a church, of elements of the Jewish Passover Seder, but with Christian additions drawing on the account of Jesus’ Last Supper. Whether intentionally or not such celebrations often end up conveying to the participants a sense that Christianity has ‘superseded’ and replaced Judaism. For Jews, very conscious of being a small minority, the practice has elements of what some call ‘theological genocide’ about it, a sharp term, but one which reflects the fear among the Jewish community of the damage that well-meaning but clumsy Christians can inflict.
Dr Clare Amos
Until her recent retirement Dr Clare Amos was head of the interreligious office at the World Council of Churches, Geneva, and currently Hon Director of Lay Discipleship of the Church of England Diocese in Europe | <urn:uuid:57cbce11-f66f-4c71-9835-e8f100bcd796> | CC-MAIN-2021-31 | https://www.interreligiousdialogue.org.uk/a-lent-reflection-jewish-christian-relations-during-holy-week/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2021-31/segments/1627046151699.95/warc/CC-MAIN-20210725143345-20210725173345-00040.warc.gz | en | 0.964039 | 632 | 2.921875 | 3 |
Moderna has unveiled plans to start clinical trials of mRNA-based vaccines for 15 infectious diseases that pose the biggest public health risks around the world – including HIV, malaria and tuberculosis – by 2025.
The programme is targeting pathogens that have been deemed by the World Health Organization (WHO) and Coalition for Epidemic Preparedness Innovations (CEPI) to have the greatest impact on the health of people around the world.
Moderna is meanwhile also launching a new programme – called mRNA Access – that it says will offer researchers access to Moderna’s mRNA technology platform to develop their own vaccines for emerging or neglected infectious diseases.
“mRNA Access will open our production capabilities and development expertise to partners so together we can explore the possibility of mRNA, in search for the next life-saving vaccine,” said the biotech.
Collaborators will be able to submit vaccine designs which would then be produced using Moderna’s platform, with intellectual property shared. At least some of the 15 target diseases would likely be addressed by this partnering approach, said Moderna chief executive Stéphane Bancel.
Moderna is already working on some of the 15 pathogens highlighted in the programme, including HIV, COVID-19, Nipah and Zika virus.
Other programmes on the list include chikungunya, Crimean-Congo haemorrhagic fever, dengue, Ebola, malaria, Marburg, Lassa fever and MERS, which are big threats but haven’t been adequately addressed by the pharma industry.
The latest moves come after Moderna has been in the firing line for contributing to inequality in access to COVID-19 vaccination by focusing deliveries of its Spikevax shot to wealthy, industrialised nations, which helped it to a net profit of more than $12 billion last year from a net loss of $750 million in 2020.
The company accompanied its latest clinical development plans with a pledge to never enforce patents on its COVID-19 shot in 92 low- and middle-income countries, shortly after announcing plans to build an mRNA manufacturing facility in Kenya with the assistance of the US government.
It says it plans to invest up to $500 million in the plant, which will handle drug substance manufacturing and potentially also fill/finish production, with the goal of manufacturing up to 500 million doses per year.
This post was originally published on Source Link | <urn:uuid:b678a43c-1418-454d-a05b-d9d7b98bbc81> | CC-MAIN-2022-40 | https://toppharmanews.com/moderna-targets-15-pathogens-in-global-public-health-strategy/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-40/segments/1664030334915.59/warc/CC-MAIN-20220926175816-20220926205816-00577.warc.gz | en | 0.949837 | 496 | 2.921875 | 3 |
Advancements in battery technology have been the focal point of many research groups over the last several decades, not only for large-scale energy storage applications, but for powering electronic devices such as smart phones, tablets, and computers.
Now, a team from ITMO University, Peter the Great St. Petersburg Polytechnic University, and the Ioffe Institute propose a new method of manufacturing electrodes for lithium-ion batteries using an inkjet printer. The team says this will reduce the electrodes’ thickness by 10-20 times and open up new possibilities to manufacture compact electronics. Their article has been published in the journal Energy Technology.
But how does one print lighter components that pack the same punch? According to the team, today’s manufacturing processes do not allow for a significant increase in a battery’s weight or size without sacrificing capacity. Therefore, a change in production is needed.
A wide range of printable solvents and colloidal inks make the inkjet printing technique a promising alternative to conventional methods of fabrication of thin‐film lithium-ion batteries.
“We’ve developed the ink for inkjet printing of the cathode material,” says Denis Kolchanov, a PhD student at ITMO’s SCAMT Laboratory who co-authored the article. “We’ve managed to apply a layer of about 5 micrometers in thickness on the current collector. Existing industrial samples use cathode materials with a thickness of 100 micrometers. Laboratory samples created on the basis of other technologies give a thickness of 50 micrometers. Therefore, we were able to reduce the thickness by 10-20 times. It’s not possible to make an ever smaller layer with this technology, because a short circuit will occur.”
This new technology will allow scientists to print ultra-thin, flexible batteries that do no deform when they are bent. To achieve this, “the modification of crystalline lattice of Li‐rich cathode material by aluminium, sodium, and potassium and their influence on power efficiency [was] studied in detail. Lithium‐manganese‐rich compounds [were] chosen as the most suitable composition of an active component for fabrication.”
After creating stable aqueous colloidal inks, the researchers demonstrated the operability of thier printed cathode material, confirming the feasibility of inkjet printing as a technological approach to thin-film batteries.
“This is important because today, hi-tech companies face a difficult task: on the one hand, users want their gadgets to be lightweight and compact, while on the other, they enjoy watching pictures and videos from as large a screen as possible. Apart from that, there is a growing demand for transformer devices that can be used both as tablets and laptops. Foldable and extendable gadgets are designed to solve these problems,” stated the researchers in a press release.
“In theory, our development can be used to create such devices,” explains Denis Kolchanov. “There is a huge possibility that thin electrodes will be more flexible since they will not deform when bent. This will allow us to use them in transformer devices.”
Research article available at: D.S. Kolchanov, et al. Energy Technology, 2019, doi.org/10.1002/ente.201901086 | <urn:uuid:77c1236f-061e-4370-9979-33bc6953f77a> | CC-MAIN-2020-45 | https://www.advancedsciencenews.com/scientists-offer-an-inkjet-printing-technology-to-make-compact-flexible-battery-elements/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2020-45/segments/1603107869785.9/warc/CC-MAIN-20201020021700-20201020051700-00517.warc.gz | en | 0.902623 | 694 | 3.421875 | 3 |
This article was published by The Economist , Photo Credit: The Economist
When SALIH HUDAYAR visited Tajikistan in 2014, he remembers therebeing “thousands” of fellow Uyghurs in Dushanbe, the capital. Many of them came from the same city as him, Artush, in western Xinjiang. But since then the number of Uyghurs in the country has dwindled. Mr Hudayar is now an American citizen and the head of a group called the East Turkistan Government in Exile (ETGE), founded in Washington in 2004, claiming to represent the interests of Uyghurs in Xinjiang (or East Turkistan, as some Uyghurs call the region). According to evidence submitted on June 10th to the International Criminal Court (ICC), on behalf of the ETGE and the East Turkistan National Awakening Movement, another Washington-based group, China has been working with Tajikistan to round up and deport Uyghurs since at least 2016. The Chinese Public Security Bureau worked with the Tajikistan police to identify any Uyghurs, and then “directly intervened” to deport them back to China. “I knew central Asia wasn’t safe,” Mr Hudayar remembers. “No matter where you go, you have to be careful.”
The lawyers for the two Uyghur groups are asking the ICC’s prosecutor to open an investigation into Chinese officials. They allege that through threats, intimidation and physical force, nearly 3,000 Uyghurs—85-90% of the total population in Tajikistan—have been compelled to return to China, where they are likely to end up in detention camps. The complaint argues that “these arrests, enforced disappearances, abductions and deportations form the first step of a continuum of alleged criminal conduct amounting to genocide and crimes against humanity”. There is no evidence of mass killings of Uyghurs in Xinjiang, but there are credible reports of extrajudicial detentions, torture, sterilisations, forced labour and many other horrors that could constitute crimes against humanity. Uyghur activists will see benefit if the complaint simply serves to discomfit China and draw international attention to its abuses in Xinjiang. But they are hoping for more. If the ICC’s prosecutor, Fatou Bensouda, agrees that there is enough evidence of abuses happening in Tajikistan, rather than China, she may then apply to the court’s judges to open an investigation. But even that step would be a long way from actually convicting any officials in China. | <urn:uuid:8c506d4d-64b6-4b1a-9c5d-4b162417cc4a> | CC-MAIN-2023-06 | https://nationalawakening.org/uyghur-groups-want-to-take-china-to-the-international-criminal-court/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2023-06/segments/1674764499946.80/warc/CC-MAIN-20230201144459-20230201174459-00648.warc.gz | en | 0.947333 | 551 | 2.515625 | 3 |
Today, the Honourable Catherine McKenna, Minister of Environment and Climate Change, is unveiling an emergency order for the protection of a species at risk—the Western Chorus Frog (Great Lakes / St. Lawrence – Canadian Shield population).
The order, made under the Species at Risk Act, will apply in the municipalities of La Prairie, Candiac and Saint-Philippe, in Quebec, and will come into effect on July 17, 2016. The primary purpose of the measure is to prevent the loss or degradation of the habitat the Western Chorus Frog needs to grow and reproduce.
This decision will not impede the development of the public and community infrastructure planned in La Prairie, such as the school or the arena. In addition, of the 1,200 housing units initially planned as part of the Symbiocité project, only 171 will not be built.
“Our government has committed to demonstrating transparency and accountability. We have based our decision on the best available scientific knowledge. We consulted a wide variety of actors at the political and administrative level, notably, the affected municipalities, the Quebec Government, developers and actors in the environmental field. We have also ensured that the socio-economic impacts of the order are kept to a minimum. We firmly believe that economic development and the protection of biodiversity can, and must, go hand in hand.”
“By working together, we can protect and recover species at risk while enhancing our precious biodiversity, in accordance with our commitments under the United Nations Convention on Biological Diversity. That is why our government and the government of Quebec have established a working group, with representatives from Environment and Climate Change Canada, the Ministère des Forêts, de la Faune et des Parcs as well as the Ministère du Développement durable, de l’Environnement et de la Lutte contre les changements climatiques, in order to identify short and medium term solutions to enhance collaboration in protection of species at risk. Both governments are committed to working more intensively with the municipalities involved, the key stakeholders and the public to protect and recover the Western Chorus Frog population. A coordinated approach will offer greater certainty to developers and municipalities for the authorization of projects within a context of sustainable development. It will reduce the likelihood that orders under the Species at Risk Act will be made in the future by ensuring that our governments are aligned in sharing information and expertise early in the process.”
“Our government will continue to work with all levels of government across Canada to ensure seamless coordination of conservation measures and consulting local communities and Indigenous peoples. We are committed to preserving the rich ecosystems and biodiversity that make our country so beautiful and that are the pride of all Canadians.”
– The Honourable Catherine McKenna, Minister of Environment and Climate Change
Western Chorus Frog populations in Montérégie have declined sharply in the last few decades. The most significant loss of habitat in this region occurred in La Prairie, where nearly 60% of the suitable habitat was destroyed between 1992 and 2013. In addition, habitat in suburban areas of southwestern Quebec is vanishing so quickly that populations are in danger of extirpation by 2030. When the Minister of Environment and Climate Change determined the species was facing an imminent threat to its recovery, she was required by the Species at Risk Act to recommend an emergency protection order to the Governor in Council.
Photo: Western Chorus Frog (Pseudacris triseriata) © Mark Nenadov | <urn:uuid:fec0e8ab-237b-4f82-b48f-8fdee8332883> | CC-MAIN-2017-34 | http://www.amphibians.org/news/western-chord-frog-protected/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2017-34/segments/1502886105086.81/warc/CC-MAIN-20170818175604-20170818195604-00073.warc.gz | en | 0.932072 | 710 | 2.5625 | 3 |
Or is it that we no longer think things are worth our time?
For example, we are told that Australia’s industrial relations laws are confusing.
Though, if we took the time to understand them, they aren’t.
We are told that politics is confusing and boring.
Though, if we took the time to understand it, we would see that it isn’t.
Yet, Ikea furniture and Lego assembly instructions, which are most definitely confusing are able to be understood by most. (Not all, search “Ikea fail” to see what happens when you don’t follow the instructions).
The difference between them all is the level of “need” attached to them.
We force ourselves to understand Ikea instructions because if we don’t we will be sleeping on the floor, or not have a chair to sit on.
We force ourselves to understand Lego instructions because failing to do so would mean that we run the risk of upsetting one of our children.
Maybe we do need more of an incentive to understand things… | <urn:uuid:2cf1f2de-39c4-4e40-b01e-8cb37088581f> | CC-MAIN-2019-47 | https://cameronblewett.blog/are-we-getting-lazier/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2019-47/segments/1573496671411.14/warc/CC-MAIN-20191122171140-20191122200140-00028.warc.gz | en | 0.963965 | 226 | 2.640625 | 3 |
This is a free sample preview of the essay
The Boston Massacre
Beginning of essay|
In my report I will be discussing . I will be
looking at from three different perspectives. These
perspectives are the Boston colonists and Samuel Adams, Tom Hutchinson,
Lieutenant Governor and Acting Governor in 1770, and Captain Preston and
his troops. I will also hold some depositions from ....
Middle of essay
....ut the England did not send those troops over for
their well-being, but were there just for the benefit of England. But
once again, they were only taking orders from England.
Early on the evening of March 5, 1770, a crowd of laborers began
throwing hard packed snowballs at soldiers guarding the Customs House.
Goaded beyond endurance the sentries acted against express orders and fired
on the crowd, killing four and wounding eight, one of whom dies a few
days later.1 Here are the names of th....
|Number of words: 1865
||Approximate pages: 7
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Fibonacci PowerPoint + Worksheet Package Deal!
BOTH THE POWERPOINT AND THE WORKSHEET
Buy both together to make this a complete lesson and save money! The PowerPoint is great on its own, but with the added worksheet, it’ll be the best lesson you’ll ever teach! Visually show students multiple examples of the Fibonacci Sequence and then have students involved in an engaging activity that they will absolutely love!
To explain and show many examples of the famous Fibonacci sequence and how it’s in absolutely everything around us!
GREAT FOR ALL AGES!
Can be used as young as elementary school all the way into college classes! The formulas and the history are great for higher level classes, but skip over the few upper-level slides to make this appropriate and fun for younger students as well!
- An in depth PowerPoint presentation with great pictorial representations and explanations!
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Many pictures/explanations to show the golden ratio in food, flowers, human bodies, human faces, other animals, art, photography, music/sound, architecture, trees, and even how the planets are aligned! This is really one of my best PowerPoints/lessons ever!
Get students up, moving, and discovering phi on their own! A step-by-step worksheet walks students how to measure their arms, legs, etc. and how to calculate how close they are to phi!
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A detailed guide to explain exactly what each PowerPoint slide is [even though most have captions right on them], as well as how to instruct students with the worksheet, materials needed, and an awesome personal tip directly from me to you!
When I used this with my classes, you could hear pin drop. I have never seen students so attentive and enthralled in a lesson before! The pictures and more than ten examples of phi will literally have students on the edge of their seats. I don’t say this about other lessons because it’s just not true… but with this, I can not explain how successful this lesson has been for me in the past!
PowerPoint slides, worksheet, actual class results (respectively)
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- Once your payment is processed, you will be then be brought to a page with a link so that you can download the file.
NOTE: File sharing is not allowed and protected under copyright laws – the link that you are presented with is for you [the buyer], and you alone.
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Was it easy to use/understand? How did you use it in your class and was it a success? Do you think it was a good purchase? Let’s hear it! | <urn:uuid:bce4ca0a-aa22-47ec-be51-77d5b644556d> | CC-MAIN-2019-30 | https://www.holestudies.com/fibonacci-powerpoint-worksheet-math-lesson-plan-package-deal/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2019-30/segments/1563195526888.75/warc/CC-MAIN-20190721040545-20190721062545-00166.warc.gz | en | 0.92076 | 755 | 2.578125 | 3 |
Parenting can be overwhelming and extremely difficult at times. However, many would agree it is one of the most rewarding jobs a person can do. For those parents who have children with sensory processing disorder, it can seem like an uphill climb at times. However, if you are one of these parents, keep the following things in mind. They should help you keep a positive outlook when times get difficult.
Set Long-Term Goals
Parents who have children with sensory processing disorder should set long-term goals for them. Parenting is an ongoing process and takes time. Don’t try and rush your child through their development. Every child is different and is going to learn and grow at their own pace.
Will Need To Adapt
Children grow up so fast! As a parent, you will need to adjust for your child continuously. This is because their behavior and interests drastically change over time. Children go through phases and will have their struggles. If your child has sensory processing disorder, you will need to remain flexible when things become difficult. Your child will need your guidance to learn and grow as a person.
Learn From Your Mistakes
Parenting is an ongoing learning process. From the time your child was born to the time they go off on their own, you are always learning how to become a better parent. If you have a child with sensory processing disorder, you need to know that it is okay to make parenting mistakes! If you ever make a mistake, embrace it, and learn from it!
Understand Your Child’s Strengths
It does not matter if your child has sensory processing disorder, ADHD, OCD, or is bipolar, your child has a set of strengths. It is important for a parent to remember what characteristics make them great and highlight them! Never forget that your child has plenty to offer the world!
The Connections Therapy Center
The Connections Therapy Center serves families of children and adolescents with disabilities and special needs. We are a team of experts in the fields of pediatric speech, occupational therapy, speech-language pathology, and behavioral sciences. As a team, we offer intensive hands-on therapy for children and adolescents, as well as informative and useful resources for families. If you are interested in learning more about what we can do to help your family, visit us online or give us a call at (202) 561-1110 (Washington, D.C. office) or (301) 577-4333 (Lanham office). Want to get more information on how to help your child thrive? Follow us on Facebook, Twitter, LinkedIn, Google+, and Pinterest. | <urn:uuid:41c0c9d5-d118-4e9a-b329-b1f05fac7d04> | CC-MAIN-2019-09 | http://www.thectcenter.com/sensory-processing/4-things-remember-child-sensory-processing-disorder/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2019-09/segments/1550247518425.87/warc/CC-MAIN-20190222135147-20190222161147-00582.warc.gz | en | 0.962527 | 534 | 2.625 | 3 |
At the Open Mobile Summit yesterday, the founder of the One Laptop Per Child (OLPC) program, Nicholas Negroponte, discussed how the organization intends to distribute its next-generation tablets. At least some of the devices will be airdropped into remote villages and rural areas with no instructions, teachers, or information. “We will literally take tablets and drop them out of helicopters,” and return a year later to see if the effort was a success, Negroponte said. A new tablet design can withstand a 30-foot drop, and even be left out in the rain. “When I say no people, I mean absolutely no people,” he added, when asked if he was serious. The tablets will be stocked with pre-loaded e-books on various topics.
The idea isn’t quite as crazy as it sounds. In 2005, Dr. Sugata Mitra of Newcastle University conducted a series of experiments in the urban slum of Kalkaji in New Delhi, India. Researchers embedded a computer terminal in a wall of the slum, connected it to the internet, and observed the actions and behavior of the children who came to use the device. The goal was to observe whether or not the children, who had virtually zero previous experience with computers, could teach themselves and each other how to use the device.
To make a long story short, they did; test results showed levels of competency nearly identical to children who were taught through the formal education system. Dr. Mitra coined the acronym MIE “minimally invasive education” to describe this strategy, and his “Hole in the Wall” experiment has been repeated in multiple countries with similar results. Negroponte’s airdrops are an attempt to expand the reach of Mitra’s efforts to make computers available — and, we suspect, a latch-ditch attempt to find a deployment model that interests third world nations.
The OLPC project was created with the goal of distributing low-cost computers to children in developing nations that would otherwise have no access to them. The resulting XO-1 laptop won acclaim for its child-friendly design and rugged construction; the project itself is credited with sparking the idea of developing low-cost education machines. Negroponte, however, steadfastly refused to commercialize the design, even as the OLPC stumbled badly when it came to delivering the systems in volume. He’s since moved on to critizing nations like India, which are heavily subsidizing the development of tablets and clamshells intended for the education market.
Unfortunately for the OLPC project, the increased availability of computers in the classroom has almost certainly highlighted the need for formal training and instruction. In a traditional learning environment, teachers must first be taught how to use machines before they can effectively make use of them or pass their knowledge on to their students. When the OLPC project debuted, the promise of a $100 (or even a $175) system was a huge selling point. Now that costs have come down, a nation like India is logically going to be far more interested in solutions that can scale to provide a system of instruction capable of meeting the needs of hundreds of millions of children.
Negroponte, meanwhile, has just blown his own foot off. Mitra’s findings have been duplicated and strongly suggest that children who teach themselves through MIE learn at a rate comparable to that of formal education. Announcing that the OLPC was going to partner with Mitra and seed a specific area with a handful of devices would’ve given the endeavor the respectable flavor of scientific research. Instead, Nick went for “We’re gonna fling a whole bunch of these things off helicopters, and then see what happens!”
It sounds stupid because it is stupid. Instead of a low-key announcement regarding education research, Negroponte has turned himself into a laughingstock. Instead of paying attention to the merits of Mitra’s educational theories, the entire episode serves to further underline how much damage Negroponte has done to his own organization. The credit for a single idea, no matter how earthshaking, can only go so far. If Negroponte is serious about seeing the OLPC succeed, the best thing he could do at this point is step down and turn the organization over to someone who can lead it effectively.
Read more at PC Mag | <urn:uuid:31152a7e-a2f6-4af9-810a-247ffb706ab7> | CC-MAIN-2021-10 | https://www.extremetech.com/mobile/103291-apocalypse-now-new-olpc-tablets-to-be-airdropped-on-third-world-children | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2021-10/segments/1614178389472.95/warc/CC-MAIN-20210309061538-20210309091538-00317.warc.gz | en | 0.961926 | 913 | 2.9375 | 3 |
West Virginia by Becky Brown
West Virginia can recall the state created when part of one state seceded from the Confederacy. In 1861 Virginia was a larger state than it is today. After Virginia joined the Confederacy, many in the mountainous northwestern part of the Old Dominion believed their interests lay with the Union.
The illustration above highlights differences between Virginia life on either side of the mountains. The captions: "Life in Eastern Virginia: The Home of the Planter" and "Life in Western Virginia: The Home of the Mountaineer."
An illustration in the New York Herald
showing the proposed state of New Virginia
with the Kanawha River running west of Charleston
Union loyalists met in Wheeling in October, 1861 and proposed a new state of Kanawha named after the river that flows into the Ohio River. Kanawha was rejected as a name (We Kansans are glad, as a good deal of our mail would have wound up in West Virginia .) Other ideas included Allegheny, Columbia and New Virginia, but the majority of the delegates favored the name of West Virginia.
A sketch of the Wheeling Convention at the Custom House in
Frank Leslie's Illustrated Weekly, 1861.
The Custom House remains a West Virginia historical site.
The new state of West Virginia became the 35th star. The flag contained 35 stars for two years between July 4, 1863 and July 4, 1865 when Nevada became the 36th star.
The hills of West Virginia continued to be a battleground between north and south as various armies occupied territory and retreated throughout the war. Sixteen-year-old Serene Bunten wrote about Southern soldiers who came to dinner and tried to persuade her to abandon her Unionist views. The family managed to keep their cow but lost some bedding in that 1864 encounter.
"There was eleven rebels ate supper here last night. There was one Lieut. here and he kept his men straight....That Lieut. tried very hard to make Harry and I rebels but he had to give it up. They camped down at E. G. Burr's last night. Late. There was about six hundred rebels passed here today, they were driving cattle and I just expected they would take ours (cow) but they did not. They took Chet's but the girls got them back. It was a curious body of soldiers, they were dressed in all colors. They robbed the stores and houses all along the road. They took one blanket from us."
West Virginia (BlockBase #3798) is a variation of a block published about 1915 by Hearth & Home magazine, given that name when the editors were asking for a block for every state. The complicated design makes an even more complicated design when set side by side.
All very nice---but not at 8". This block this week uses the essential parts---a square that forms a diamond star when set side by side.
This square is BlockBase #2605, which was published in the Ohio Farmer as Star & Square in 1894.
Cutting an 8" Finished Block
A - Cut 4 red and 4 blue rectangles 5-1/4" x 1-7/8". You will cut 4 parallelograms of each color by trimming a 45 degree angle off each end as shown. All the reds go one way and all the blues are reversed. Remember these are NOT diamonds with four equal sides but are longer on two sides.
B - Cut 1 background square 5-1/4". Cut into 4 triangles with 2 diagonal cuts.
C- Cut 1 background square 4-1/2".
A Quilting Party in Western Virginia, 1854See Bertha Stenge's 20th century patchwork interpretation of this illustration at the Illinois State Museum.
Read excerpts from Serene Bunten's diary here:http://www.wvculture.org/history/journal_wvh/wvh48-1.html
And more about the creation of West Virginia here: | <urn:uuid:e3c97e14-43a6-4265-b21d-56d760f164f2> | CC-MAIN-2017-17 | http://civilwarquilts.blogspot.com/2011/11/48-west-virginia.html | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2017-17/segments/1492917126538.54/warc/CC-MAIN-20170423031206-00344-ip-10-145-167-34.ec2.internal.warc.gz | en | 0.964989 | 822 | 3.625 | 4 |
Writing Summaries helps your students closely read a text, find the main idea (focus), select key details, and write an effective summary. Summarizing skills aid learning in all classes. Instructions, activities, examples, interactives, and downloads help students gain new summarizing skills. You can also present this unit right from your interactive whiteboard.
First students read about summarizing. Then they try their hand summarizing photographs, picking out the details. Afterward, they read a sample article and a summary written in response. Finally, they read another article and develop a summary from it:
- Prewriting activities help students closely read the article, discover the main idea, and select key details.
- Writing activities help students start by naming the article and author and capturing the main idea. In the middle, students provide just the key details of the article. The ending wraps up the summary.
- Revising activities help students use their own words (paraphrase) and revise with a checklist.
- Editing examples and a checklist help students ensure correct conventions in their summaries.
- Publishing and reflecting activities help students create a clean final copy and generalize their new summarizing skills into all their classes. | <urn:uuid:c7ca1b4e-2376-403b-9c36-e9f83f7f52d0> | CC-MAIN-2019-39 | https://k12.thoughtfullearning.com/products/writing-summaries-3 | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2019-39/segments/1568514572516.46/warc/CC-MAIN-20190916080044-20190916102044-00086.warc.gz | en | 0.906959 | 250 | 4.4375 | 4 |
When it comes to assembling a Nissan LEAF, the company prides itself on reducing its carbon footprint by using recycled materials in its construction. According to the manufacturer, the LEAF has contributed to reducing CO2 emission by some 151,000 tons since its launch in 2010.
"It's zero emission, but if too much CO2 is emitted during the vehicle's production, we cannot call it a sustainable car," says LEAF Chief Vehicle Engineer Hidetoshi Kadota. "To preserve the planet and create a car that is sustainable and eco-friendly, we set ourselves a goal to use recycled materials to build LEAFs."
Approximately 25 percent of materials in a LEAF built in Japan consist of recycled materials, including steel, copper, aluminum, and plastics.
"Some customers fear that by using recycled materials that we are compromising on quality. (However,) we ensure these parts made from recycled materials are of the same quality as parts made from new materials," added Kadota.
Recycled materials suppliers such as UBE, maker of high-quality plastic materials in the LEAF's center console, says companies need to form a holistic system to realize a truly sustainable society.
"There is a limit in expanding the use of recycled plastics by ourselves," says Satoshi Iwami, group leader of the engineering plastic business unit, part of the Recycle Compound Group at UBE. "What we need is to form a system in which Nissan Motor Corporation and other companies take part, and hopefully we can continue to contribute to a recycling society." | <urn:uuid:774a3f41-3d26-4e88-82a2-78bf480526df> | CC-MAIN-2018-39 | https://www.greenfleetmagazine.com/125134/video-nissan-leaf-reduces-carbon-footprint-during-manufacturing | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2018-39/segments/1537267156224.9/warc/CC-MAIN-20180919122227-20180919142227-00377.warc.gz | en | 0.967967 | 317 | 3.1875 | 3 |
State Trapping Report Card
Born Free USA's State Trapping Report Card gives an academic letter grade to each state based on its animal trapping regulations that have the greatest impact on animal welfare, wildlife conservation and public safety. We reward states that:
- Prohibit body-crushing traps and snares for recreation or commerce in fur.
- Require trapper education to ensure trappers are aware of and understand regulations.
- Require trappers to report the number of animals they kill.
- Mandate that all traps identify their users, to aid in enforcement of regulations.
- Maintain records on the number of non-target animals captured or killed in traps.
- Have a minimal required trap check time of 24 hours to lessen suffering of trapped animals and increase chances that non-targeted animals — including dogs and cats — might be rescued.
Grades also reflect positive marks for prohibiting the trapping of bobcats and otters, two species native to most states but vulnerable to over-exploitation. | <urn:uuid:f85bd994-8533-4a14-8895-52f456e59ba0> | CC-MAIN-2013-48 | http://www.bornfreeusa.org/safetrails/b3_report_card.php | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2013-48/segments/1386164007955/warc/CC-MAIN-20131204133327-00089-ip-10-33-133-15.ec2.internal.warc.gz | en | 0.878664 | 209 | 3.078125 | 3 |
Thurgood Marshall Essay Sample
- Pages: 7
- Word count: 1,840
- Rewriting Possibility: 99% (excellent)
- Category: segregation
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Introduction of TOPIC
Thurgood Marshall was the first to tackle segregation in the USA by directly tackling laws enforcing segregation, and for this reason he was hugely significant in bringing about change through legislative advancements. Throughout his career he won 29 out of 32 cases, highlighting his huge significance as a lawyer. My sources focus on Marshall’s legislative achievements from 1947 to 1967 and also his significance as inspiration for others to stand up to segregation. There is some disagreement however over how significant the changes Marshall achieved were. Sources 1, 2 and 5 provide evidence that Marshall’s legislative gains were invaluable to the civil rights movement in chipping away at the foundations of segregation in the USA. Sources 6, 7 and 2 to some extent provide evidence diminishing Marshall’s significance in reducing racial discrimination through his victories in the Supreme Court. These sources also provide evidence that Marshall’s refusal to condone the violent methods of groups such as the black panthers, meant he limited the amount such groups could achieve, therefore limiting the significance of Marshall himself.
Source 5 provides primary evidence of Marshall’s significance through his victories in the Supreme Court. In the source Marshall states that “He has been working tirelessly to get things moving toward implementing the decision” showing that Marshall himself believed he had been instrumental in achieving victory in the brown case. This provides evidence of Marshall’s significance in achieving victory in the landmark that was the Brown vs. Topeka case. Source 1 agrees and states that “Marshall was a towering presence” and this trait helped him to achieve a “triumphant victory” in the Brown vs. Topeka case in 1954. Source 2 agrees and says that Marshall’s victory in Brown vs. Topeka was “the turning point from which legal basis for segregation in America was destroyed”. However despite this source 2 also provides evidence of limitations to the true significance of the Brown vs. Topeka case stating that, “less than 6 percent of black children in the south attended integrated schools” following the brown decision, which is a disagreement with Wesley which simply states that Brown “ended fifty years of school segregation.”
However despite Sources 1, 5 and 2 to some extent seemingly portraying Marshall’s achievements as unquestionably significant not all the sources agree. Source 6 provides evidence of Chief Justice Earl Warren’s significance, as three of his colleagues state their beliefs that Warren was the main reason the Brown case succeeded. In the letter Warren’s colleagues state that “Warren must take the credit” for the Brown victory, with no mention of Marshall, suggesting that Warren was key to the success of the Brown case. Source 5 provides evidence to agree with 6. In the letter to Levy, Marshall states that “victory in this case was a combined effort of literally tens of thousands of people”, showing that Marshall himself does not believe he was the sole instigator of success in the case. Source 2 provides further evidence to agree with 5 and 6 stating that “Warren had persuaded Justice Stanley Reed to vote with the majority so the Brown ruling would be unanimous.” This provides disagreement with source 1 which simply states that “Marshall was the key figure behind the Brown victory.”
As well as instigating change through directly tackling segregation, Marshall was also significant as a public figure and a role model to others, aided by his confidence. Source 4 provides primary evidence of Marshall’s confident personality. The photo shows Marshall in the Whitehouse laughing with President Johnson, following his appointment to the US Supreme Court. Source 2 supports this and states that it was “Marshall’s style to apply pressure and fight even in the face of adversity” highlighting Marshall’s fortitude of character. Source 2 also states Marshall “brought achieving equality to the forefront of black Americans’ desires”, highlighting his significance as a role model to others. Source 3 provides insight from someone who knew Marshall’s personality first-hand. Melba Patillo attended Little Rock High School following its desegregation enforced by the Brown vs. Topeka ruling. Source 3 states Marshall inspired her to attend Little Rock school, when her mind was “filled with doubt and worry” about attending. Source 3 also says that, Marshall’s “Self assured air, commanding presence and confident ton
e” made her believe that she “deserved to be admitted to Little Rock High”, and in
Source 4 also shows that President Johnson respected Marshall, and thought he was worthy of a place on the Supreme Court. Source 2’s account of the moment when President Johnson appointed Marshall to the Supreme Court provides evidence to agree with source 4. Source 2 states that “For nearly an hour a giddy Marshall joked around” showing that Marshall was not intimidated by the occasion. Source 2 also quotes Marshall as saying “The president of the United States told me that he thought I was the best person at the time to represent the United States” showing that Johnson respected Marshall’s skills as a lawyer and believed him to be the obvious choice for filling the vacancy in the US Supreme Court. In this position of power Marshall could help to force the issue of civil rights further.
However despite Sources 1, 2, 3 and 4 all providing evidence that Marshall’s personality was key to his success, disagreement over Marshall’s personality and its influence on others is provided by sources 2 and 7 to some extent, with both providing evidence that to some extent Marshall’s stubbornness and bold personality even inhibited the achievements of others. Source 7 provides evidence of Marshall denouncing the actions of those advocating the use of violent methods to try to achieve change. In the source, Marshall states “Lawlessness is lawlessness. Anarchy is anarchy is anarchy. Neither race nor colour nor frustration is an excuse for either lawlessness or anarchy” again showing Marshall’s strong views that violent methods should never be used to achieve change. Although source 2 provided evidence of Marshall’s confidence and bold personality being highly significant, 2 also provides evidence to support 7 stating that “Marshall hit hardest at militants” and that Marshall had an “uneasy relationship with black militants”. Source 2 quotes Marshall as saying that the black power movement was just “a bunch of crazy coloured black students” highlighting Marshall’s complete lack of support for the black power movement. Sources 2 and 7 therefore agree this aspect of the civil rights movement never gained public appeal, partially due to Marshall’s public criticisms, meaning their achievements were limited to some extent by Marshall.
However one needs to go beyond simply cross referencing the sources, and analyse the usefulness of the evidence the sources provide. Sources 4, 5, 6 and 7 are all contemporary sources reflecting immediate reactions to Thurgood Marshall’s achievements. Source 5 is written by Marshall to a close friend and colleague Herbert Levy and herein lies its value, as it provides direct evidence of what Marshall himself believed his significance to be, without the possibility for the evidence the source provides being skewed by others. Source 4 is a photograph, meaning the evidence provided is direct and unaltered, again making it valuable as a source. Source 7 is also valid as evidence, as is an extract from a speech, it clearly shows Marshall’s opinions on those who advocate the use of violent methods to achieve change, and there would have been no motivation for Marshall to criticise those who advocate violence if that is not what he truly believed. The evidence provided by Sources 4, 5 and 7 is also largely backed up by the evidence provided by Sources 1, 2 and 3, suggesting that Sources 4, 5 and 7 are valuable as evidence.
However, Source 6, the letter to Earl Warren from his three colleagues is less valid as evidence. It is not in the three colleagues interests to praise Marshall even though they do not dislike him. Warren was chief justice during the Brown case meaning it was in their interests to show loyalty to him. This means that although they state Warren was the main instigator of success in the brown case, it is unlikely. Indeed Sources 1, 2 and 3 all largely provide evidence to disagree and state that Marshall was the main instigator of victory in the brown case, and not Warren. This suggests that the evidence provided by source 6 for Warren being the main instigator of success in the brown case is not entirely valid.
Overall however it does seem clear on balance from the evidence the sources provide that Marshall was massively significant in the years 1947-1967. The sources largely concur that Marshall was significant both at directly tackling laws enforcing segregation, and as a public figure and role model to others. Sources 4 and 5 both provide evidence which when the usefulness of the sources is analysed stands firm. Indeed the evidence 4 and 5 provides is then widely backed up by Sources 1, 2 and 3, suggesting that 4 and 5 are both accurate and valid. Although there is some disagreement provided by source 6 that Marshall was not the main instigator of victory in the brown case, when this is compared to the evidence which the secondary sources provide, it is clear that Source 6’s evidence has limited usefulness.
However although there is little evidence to show that Marshall’s significance at directly tackling segregation was limited, source 7 provides evidence of Marshall’s public criticism of the black power movement. This public criticism certainly damaged the black power movement’s image and appeal, and this meant that Marshall perhaps limited the amount they could achieve. However although sources 1 and 2 both agree that Marshall refused to condone those who advocated violent methods, neither agree with 7 that Marshall’s criticism was a significant factor leading to the failure of the Black power movement. On weighing up of the sources it is clear that the evidence provided by 4 and 5 is valid, and is also backed up by the secondary works of Sources 1, 2 and 3. The evidence provided by sources 6 and 7 that suggests Marshall’s significance was limited in some ways, is weak when the usefulness of the sources is put under scrutiny, and sources 1, 2 and 3 provide very little evidence to support the arguments which 6 and 7 put forward.
Source 1- Black Heroes, Valerie Wilson Wesley and Wade Hudson. Pages 482-487
Source 2- Thurgood Marshall “American Revolutionary”, Juan Williams.
Source 3- “Warriors Don’t Cry”- Melba Patillo Beals
Source 4- http://www.thurgoodmarshall.com/gallery/gallery.htm – 8th picture along in the gallery.
Source 5- http://www.pbs.org/wnet/supremecourt/rights/print/doc3.html
Source 6- http://memory.loc.gov/cgi-bin/ampage?collId=mcc&fileName=052/page.db&recNum=0&itemLink=r?ammem/mcc:@field%[email protected]%28mcc/052%29%29
Source 7- http://www.notable-quotes.com/a/anarchy_quotes.html | <urn:uuid:ba7c1cf1-9ad0-4505-8560-088760b4c14f> | CC-MAIN-2018-26 | https://blablawriting.com/thurgood-marshall-essay | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2018-26/segments/1529267863411.67/warc/CC-MAIN-20180620031000-20180620051000-00205.warc.gz | en | 0.966951 | 2,369 | 3.59375 | 4 |
Hi kitty I'm more than happy to help
In this question you're given the equation because you will need it when applying the concept of stiochiometry:
n (O2) / 5 = n (NH3) / 4
If you realize 5 is the number next to the oxygen gas in the equation: this indicates that for every 5 Oxygen gas molecules you will need 4 ammonia molecules. Sometimes, they give you the equation not balanced so you have to balance it!
From here we can calculate the number of moles for the oxygen gas
By rearranging this equation: n (O2)/ 5 = n (NH3) / 4 you get the following: n (O2) = 5 n (NH3) / 4
Now all what you have to do is substitute the number of moles of NH3 in the equation and you will get the following:
n (O2) = 5 x 3.315 moles / 4 = 4.14375 moles
But the question didn't end here because they're asking about the mass and not the number of moles. So, we will use the number of moles to convert in to mass by using the molar mass of O2
Molar mass of O2 = 2 x Molar mass of Oxygen = 2 x 16g/mol = 32 g/mol
mass (O2) = n (O2) x M (O2) = 4.14375 mol x 32 g/mol = 132.6 g of O2
Answer: 132.6 g of O2
I hope the explanation helped you, Have a good day and good luck! | <urn:uuid:28f54bd0-05b3-4970-920c-9c361f059f27> | CC-MAIN-2021-43 | https://www.wyzant.com/resources/answers/855192/4nh3-5o2-4no-6h2o-how-many-grams-of-o2-are-needed-to-completely-react-with- | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2021-43/segments/1634323585181.6/warc/CC-MAIN-20211017175237-20211017205237-00319.warc.gz | en | 0.918343 | 344 | 3.5 | 4 |
Director, Institute of Plant Breeding, Genetics & Genomics
Department of Horticulture
College of Agricultural & Environmental Sciences
As the world’s population increases, so do concerns about food supply and sufficient land for growing essential crops.
The world’s population is expected to reach 9 billion by 2040, and the United Nations is warning that food production will need to double in developing countries to keep pace.
At the University of Georgia, Peggy Ozias-Akins’ research on the unassuming but highly nutritious peanut plant could provide valuable insights on how to feed a growing global population.
An important crop in Georgia’s economy, peanuts also provide valuable and novel insights into the molecular building blocks of plants.
“The peanut is a recently evolved crop,” says Ozias-Akins, who directs Georgia’s Institute of Plant Breeding, Genetics and Genomics. “The more we learn about the peanut genome and variations that do or do not exist, the more we have an idea of how to target specific DNA for selection or editing.”
This has critical implications for the state and larger global communities as Ozias-Akins and her team work to improve this nutrient-rich food. A major crop in Africa, India, and China, peanut is vital for feeding the malnourished in developing countries because of its high levels of vitamins, minerals and healthy fats.
“The research we’re doing to improve plant varieties increases environmental and economic sustainability of the peanut in Georgia and the world.” | <urn:uuid:0def3a03-1c32-4608-852c-32ac1a28405e> | CC-MAIN-2020-05 | https://greatcommitments.uga.edu/story/a-more-resilient-peanut/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2020-05/segments/1579250594101.10/warc/CC-MAIN-20200119010920-20200119034920-00025.warc.gz | en | 0.896859 | 321 | 3.40625 | 3 |
From Los Angeles, California, USA:
Is it true that in poorly controlled diabetes, growth hormone levels are often higher than normal? Does that mean if your child's control were too tight, your child would not grow as much? Would your child grow taller if his blood sugar were not so tight?
It is true that many states of "relative starvation," including poorly controlled type 1 diabetes, anorexia nervosa, and others, are associated with higher basal serum growth hormone (GH) concentrations. In some of these conditions, the higher GH has been postulated to be a compensatory mechanism: GH is a glucose regulatory hormone and promotes higher glucose levels. In poorly controlled type 1 diabetes, for example, although there is plenty of glucose in the serum, most cells of the body see little of it because there is lack of insulin to facilitate the entry of the glucose into the cells. This has been called "starving in a sea of plenty." Subsequently, the body tries to compensate for this lack of glucose recognition by perversely activating the mechanisms to increase serum glucose, one of which includes increased GH secretion. Still, there are suggestions that during some types of induced starvation, the body becomes relatively resistant to the effects of GH, hence, GH is higher and its effector hormone, IGF-1, is low.
Ideal glucose control, along with good health, will maximize a diabetic's growth in height. Good control does not stunt growth. It was previously observed that new onset type 1 patients tend to be "taller," but poor glycemic control does not promote better growth in height. It is possible that those earlier observations of taller new-onset type 1s was really a demonstration of poorer weight-to-height ratios, given the typical weight loss that precedes a diagnosis of new-onset type 1 and accompanies a diagnosis of poorly controlled type 1 diabetes.
Last Updated: Tuesday April 06, 2010 15:10:18
This Internet site provides information of a general nature and is designed for educational purposes only. If you have any concerns about your own health or the health of your child, you should always consult with a physician or other health care professional.
This site is published by T-1 Today, Inc. (d/b/a Children with Diabetes), a 501c3 not-for-profit organization, which is responsible for its contents. Our mission is to provide education and support to families living with type 1 diabetes.
© Children with Diabetes, Inc. 1995-2016. Comments and Feedback. | <urn:uuid:66038fcc-0c07-46f4-b3db-a03563925224> | CC-MAIN-2016-36 | http://www.childrenwithdiabetes.com/dteam/2009-05/d_0d_fio.htm | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2016-36/segments/1471982911825.82/warc/CC-MAIN-20160823200831-00081-ip-10-153-172-175.ec2.internal.warc.gz | en | 0.960413 | 516 | 2.8125 | 3 |
critical analysis of the last ride together
Browning's dramatic monologue 'The Last Ride Together' is an exploration of the end of a love affair. The affair has been ended by the woman, however Browning is suggesting, through his narrator, that rather than feeling sad about this he should feel happy and proud and 'bless/ Your name in pride and thankfulness' about the love that was.
Browning is suggesting that this last ride together is like a moment of perfection that can be remembered for all time with fondness and without regret. Love is difficult and Browning writes that 'all men strive and who suceeds?' but striving is important to Browning in this and other poems. Love is being regarded as man's supreme achievement even more important then deeds done during a war for which a soldier may only expect that 'They scratch his name on the Abbey-stones.' Love is also seen as more important than art and Browning is again looking at the relationhip between life and art as he does in Fra Lippo Lippi, for example. | <urn:uuid:6f64aa09-a04a-4e1c-a910-1aea8dfb4cf4> | CC-MAIN-2018-13 | https://www.enotes.com/homework-help/critical-analysis-last-ride-together-184647 | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2018-13/segments/1521257644701.7/warc/CC-MAIN-20180317055142-20180317075142-00308.warc.gz | en | 0.973698 | 217 | 2.546875 | 3 |
OHSA enhancing services for reporting occupational diseases
The Occupational Health and Safety Authority (OHSA) is in the process of enhancing its services for the reporting and recognition of occupational diseases, through the setting up of a centre to serve as a focal point where employees who suspect an occupational disease can self-refer or be referred by employers or medical doctors. It would also make it easier to coordinate and communicate with employers and health and safety personnel on controlling exposure to the hazards causing the occupational diseases.
“When a worker is exposed to hazards at work which are not controlled, they can lead to the development of occupational diseases. Occupational diseases can develop within a short period of time (such as dermatitis and musculoskeletal conditions) or can take several years to develop (such as cancers). Recognition of occupational diseases is thus a very important tool for OHSA in targeting those industries/occupations where there is inadequate control of hazards,” said Dr Mark Gauci, the Chief Executive Officer of OHSA.
Several initiatives have taken place over the years to encourage medical practitioners to report occupational diseases such as the setting up of an online reporting system but there has been very little participation in these initiatives. These stem mainly from the possible fear on the part of employees that they might lose their jobs.
“This should not be the case. We would like to encourage patients, doctors as well as employers to report occupational diseases to OHSA. It should be emphasized that occupational diseases are indicators of lack of control of hazards and therefore reporting of such occupational diseases should lead to improvement of health and safety standards and benefit all. Our appeal goes also to medical professionals to take an ethical approach to the subject and thus inform us, not only of confirmed cases of occupational diseases, but also when there is only the suspicion that a medical condition is related to work,” Dr Gauci said. | <urn:uuid:6f7b8d53-b4b2-4454-8352-541207be49f2> | CC-MAIN-2017-22 | http://www.pressreader.com/malta/malta-independent/20161020/281792808558261 | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2017-22/segments/1495463609610.87/warc/CC-MAIN-20170528082102-20170528102102-00006.warc.gz | en | 0.970461 | 382 | 2.515625 | 3 |
Harvest Reform: managing harvest to achieve wild spawner abundance and productivity
Salmon and steelhead are the only ESA-listed animals that are allowed to be taken for commercial and recreational purposes. The National Marine Fisheries Service is responsible for protection of listed salmon, but in 2005 this agency gave its permission to increase the kill of threatened winter steelhead in the lower Columbia River.
Also, when they were listed as a threatened species, the state of Oregon adopted a directed fishery on coho salmon in two Oregon coast lakes. This is the first time an ESA-listed animal has been hunted before it was fully recovered and removed from the ESA protections.
Based on a simple industrial model, fish agencies release hatchery salmon to be harvested. Even if the habitat were in good shape to support healthy wild salmonids, the actions of these agencies undermine that with their hatchery and harvest programs. Reforming fish agencies so that they include in their mission the protection of native, wild fish is to reverse over 150 years of investment and commitment to hatcheries to solely satisfy harvest and consumption.
Harvest must also support the reproductive capacity of wild salmon runs in every river. This means the abundance, distribution, nutrient requirements, genetic diversity, and life history attributes of each population has to be determined and maintained.
When wild populations are co-mingled with hatchery fish the wild fish are over-harvested. When this occurs, the agency’s answer is to simply release more hatchery fish. Obviously, this policy spirals inevitably towards failure. | <urn:uuid:132ac55c-7c54-46e5-b049-c8d69730f7a6> | CC-MAIN-2018-47 | http://nativefishsociety.org/science/harvest | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2018-47/segments/1542039749562.99/warc/CC-MAIN-20181121173523-20181121195523-00109.warc.gz | en | 0.949999 | 314 | 3.28125 | 3 |
Pushkar Sarovar is within the city of Pushkar in Ajmer is Famous As Pushkar Lake. It Is a sacred lake of the Hindus. The Hindu scriptures describe it as “Tirtha-Raj” the king of journey sites. It Is relating to a water-body and relate it to the mythology of the creator-god Brahma. Whose most outstanding temple stands in Pushkar. The Pushkar Lake finds mention on coins as early because the fourth century B.C..
Pushkar Lake Has fifty two bathing ghats (a series of steps resulting in the lake). Wherever pilgrims throng in giant numbers to require a sacred tub, particularly around Karttika Poornima. Once the Pushkar honest is control. A dip within the sacred lake is to cleanse sins and cure skin diseases. Over five hundred Hindu temples ar located round the lake precincts. Tourism and deforestation within the surroundings have taken a significant toll on the lake. Adversely moving its water quality, reducing the water levels and destroying the fish population. As a part of conservation measures, the govt is endeavor de-silting, de-weeding. The water treatment, and conversion similarly as mass awareness programme.
Pushkar Lake around that the Pushkar city has the Aravalli vary of hills. The range of mountains called Nag Parbat separates the lake from town of Ajmer. The natural depression is between the 2 parallel varys of the Aravalli hills (in elevation range of 650–856 metres (2,133–2,808 ft) running south-west to north-east. This Is at fourteen kilometres (8.7 mi) northwest from Ajmer. However the synthetic Pushkar Lake by building a dam is enclosed by deserts and hills on all 3 sides. The lake is categorised as a “Sacred Lake” beneath the list of “Classification of Lakes in India”. Every Year There Is 5 Days Festival Famous As Camel Fair Pushkar. | <urn:uuid:40afd055-5a0b-4d95-af91-be3f25a6c5db> | CC-MAIN-2018-47 | https://www.carrentalinajmer.com/2018/06/23/pushkar-lake/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2018-47/segments/1542039742779.14/warc/CC-MAIN-20181115141220-20181115163220-00391.warc.gz | en | 0.931995 | 409 | 2.671875 | 3 |
The intricacies of World War II are often discussed, but those of The Great War before it seem to be left only to historians, including a large, divisive protest movement, egotistic imperialism around the world, and the definition of patriotism. Their importance is fully captured, along with the players behind them, in this month’s Damn Good Reads.
To End All Wars: A Story of Loyalty and Rebellion, 1914-1918, by Adam Hochschild, 448 pp. Houghton Mifflin Harcourt
Whatever your personal opinion is of the worldwide Occupy movement, history teaches us that this newest mass demonstration is far from being the first of its kind, both in scope and—insofar as today’s Occupy movement has somewhat discernible goals—aim. The Hooverville encampment of the early 1930s is one that comes to mind. But in July 1914, on the brink of a war that would, quite literally, pit people from around the world against each other on the trench-lined battlefields of Europe, avowed socialists from around the continent—from Britain, France, Germany, Russia—met in Brussels for an emergency meeting, in the express hopes that they could foment a general strike of Europe’s working classes and, thereby, forestall and even stop outright the start of World War I.
That meeting is just one of many critical moments Adam Hochschild points to in To End All Wars: A Story of Loyalty and Rebellion, 1914-1918. If you’re looking for a competent accounting of the battlefield events of the Great War, Hochschild certainly delivers: like any good history of WWI, he touches on the important battles—Ypres, Verdun, Sommes—and the megalomaniacal events—the first use of poison gas at Ypres; stubborn field commanders ordering tens of thousands of men over parapets and straight into lines of machine gun fire; a wide-scale rebellion in Russia that would lead to civil war and a totalitarian state.
But Hochschild’s real contribution is the amount of attention he pays to the forces opposing the war, period, in Britain and beyond. To do so, he juxtaposes key figures: John French, Britain’s first field marshal, with his sister, Charlotte Despard, a pacifist, communist, and suffragette; Rudyard Kipling, who staunchly supported all of Britain’s military engagements, and Bertrand Russell, whose objections to the war would ultimately earn him a prison sentence; Sylvia Pankhurst and mother, Emmeline, both of whom were suffragettes and socialists, though once war came, Emmeline supported it and vehemently denounced, in public and private, her non-compliant daughter.
All of this rhetorical effort is poised to have the reader think on one, central question, which Hochschild states shortly into the work: Is loyalty to one’s country in wartime the ultimate civic duty, or were there ideals that had a higher claim?
It’s a good question for we readers of Primer to ruminate upon. Hardly because we are at the brink of another global conflict that calls for each of us to reassess our values, understand our beliefs, and hold fast to some girding principle, but because the idea that Hochschild puts up for discussion—what, precisely, earns the loyalty, admiration, and ethos of the minds of men?—is something readily applicable to our own lives.
Of course, hindsight makes any argument against World War I much more potent. But in reading Hochschild’s To End All Wars, what amazed me was how so many powerful men—King, Kaiser, and Czar, field marshal and propaganda officer—bent virtually an entire globe to their whims and brought the world into a war they all deemed inevitable. The event people routinely point to as the catalyst for the war is the assassination of Archduke Franz Ferdinand by a Serbian nationalist on June 28, 1914, but the specter of all-continent warfare had loomed for some forty years prior, during which the European powers of the day—most notably, Britain and Germany—carved up the continents of Africa and Asia, conquered lands, raced each other to build more arms and munitions, and chatted nonchalantly about which generals would lead marches into Paris or Berlin.
Again, though, the real story here is about the characters who remained steadfast in their opposition to the war, despite the tidal wave of nationalistic fervor washing over Britain. John Clarke, who at 17 became the youngest lion tamer in Britain, would go on to publish scathing articles of his country’s war efforts in the Socialist, the newspaper of the left-wing Socialist Labour Party. The Wheeldon family, members of the No-Conscription Fellowship, would be arrested and go on numerous hunger strikes while in prison. Mentioned are the poets Siegfried Sassoon and Wilfred Owen. Equal attention is paid to figures working in support of Britain’s war effort, men like John Buchan, the chief propagandist, and Basil Thompson, the “spy-catcher” of Scotland Yard.
But looming over the entire work is that central question: Are there ideals that hold a higher claim to the motivations of humankind? Regardless of personal politics—let’s just say Clarke and I would have many things to argue about—I ended Hochschild’s book and thought, discouragingly, that the First World War was the dumbest war quite possibly ever fought. Nothing more than a sporting match between the powerful men of powerful countries, who were too concerned with displaying their respective nations’ military mights, and not enough concerned with the rows of young men linking arms once they climbed out of the trenches to meet a swift death in a hail of machine gun fire.
In many ways, that lack of concern showed. During the Battle of the Somme, 5,000 men lost per week was considered “normal wastage” by the British high command; its army lost 58,000 men the first day. On the inaugural day of battle, a company of men from East Surrey, rising from its trench when the whistles blew at 7:30 a.m., kicked off four soccer balls along the “pitch” of No-Man’s Land. They were, in the words of the poet Henry Newbolt, “playing the game”:
The sand of the desert is sodden red,—
Red with the wreck of a square that broke;—
The Gatlin’s jammed and the Colonel dead,
And the regiment blind with dust and smoke.
The river of death has brimmed his banks,
And England’s far, and Honour a name,
But the voice of a schoolboy rallies the ranks:
“Play up! play up! and play the game!”
Check out To End All Wars: A Story of Loyalty and Rebellion, 1914-1918 on Amazon. | <urn:uuid:3e3bd922-875a-469a-9b22-bfbb6f1c6400> | CC-MAIN-2014-35 | http://www.primermagazine.com/2011/spend/november%E2%80%99s-damn-good-read-to-end-all-wars-a-story-of-loyalty-and-rebellion-1914-1918 | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2014-35/segments/1408500825341.30/warc/CC-MAIN-20140820021345-00140-ip-10-180-136-8.ec2.internal.warc.gz | en | 0.946559 | 1,467 | 2.9375 | 3 |
Becoming a Digital Citizen
Children at Our Lady of Dolours School live and work in a high tech world. More importantly, they will become the leaders of tomorrow. They will work in jobs that have not been invented yet. They will make their contribution to the world through a multitude of different technologies.
The Australian Curriculum states:
Information and communication technologies are fast and automated, interactive and multimodal, and they support the rapid communication and representation of knowledge to many audiences and its adaptation in different contexts. They transform the ways that students think and learn and give them greater control over how, where and when they learn.
This site is designed to support teachers, parents and learners with information, tips and ideas to guide students in developing ICT capability, that will help them access, create and communicate information and ideas, solve problems and work collaboratively in all learning areas at school, and in their lives beyond school. | <urn:uuid:1649c562-d633-4b3f-91c0-8f1c9a80e585> | CC-MAIN-2016-36 | http://dolours.edublogs.org/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2016-36/segments/1471983577646.93/warc/CC-MAIN-20160823201937-00199-ip-10-153-172-175.ec2.internal.warc.gz | en | 0.962773 | 188 | 2.9375 | 3 |
A meal in China may be unfamiliar to first-timers. Still, inquiring gourmands will be rewarded with a huge culinary canon that is so rich and complicated that grasping it’d probably take years. If you just have several weeks rather than centuries, you may sample some of the most well-known dishes by visiting one of The Eight Traditional Styles Of Chinese Food.
These eight barely account for roughly a fourth of the country’s total area, leaving out popular dishes like fiery Yunnan cuisine. Despite its enigmatic beginnings and several omissions, it’s the most widely recognized classification of Chinese food to date.
- Chinese Food Overviews
- Chinese Food Near Me, Find Restaurants Around You
- The Eight Traditional Styles of Chinese Food
- Closing Thinking About Chinese Food
Chinese Food Overviews
The statement is a tribute to the global appeal of Chinese cuisine. For Chinese people, food plays an essential part in their everyday lives. Not only do the Chinese like eating, but they also think that excellent cuisine may provide peace as well as closeness to their families and relationships.
Yin Yang In Chinese food
As previously said, climate and geographical distinctions in China mean that each region has its unique culinary style and eating customs. Because the weather in Northern China is damp and cold, people there prefer more spicy Due to the general warmer environment, individuals in the south prefer to consume more cooling and mild dishes. And hot foods like onions, chilies, and garlic.
They think that eating these meals will improve blood circulation as well as aid in the removal of coldness and moisture. These meals cool you down and keep you hydrated. Trying to balance “Yin and Yang” is the name given to this notion.
In Chinese culture, there is indeed a belief that the cosmos contains both good and negative energy. “yin” represents negative energy, whereas the excellent point is meant by “yang.” To achieve a peaceful and healthy condition, they must be evenly balanced; otherwise, conflict and sickness would arise.
There are components that belong to “yang” and “yin,” which means that some yin elements are found in yang as well as some yang elements are found in yin. For centuries, Chinese philosophy has emphasized the necessity of balancing forces. It has evolved into an essential social, medical, political, and nutritional guideline.
Winter melon, bitter melon, mustard green, Chinese green, Napa cabbage, water crest, soybean, mung bean, bean sprout, tulip, cilantro, water chestnut, oranges, bananas, watermelon, cucumber, coconut, beer, pop, clams, grass jelly, and oysters are all yin (or “cold” food).
Excessive consumption of these foods is considered to induce stomach pains, diarrhea, weakness, coldness, and dizziness in the body.
Chili pepper, onion, curry, garlic, cabbage, toro, pineapple, eggplant, mango, peanuts, cherry, beef, shrimp, crab, turkey, fried chicken, French fries, and pizza all belong to the yang (or “hot” food).
Skin rashes, nose bleeds, hives, acne, gas, constipation, indigestion, redness in your eyes, and sore throat are all considered to be caused by eating too much of these foods. In order to achieve a harmonic and healthy condition, both food categories must be appropriately balanced, not consumed excessively or insufficiently.
Chinese Food To Improve Weak Health
Whenever the Chinese have a shortage in their strength or health, they often turn to a traditional approach first, which involves using herbs and specific ingredient soups to restore energy and health.
It’s referred to as “gin bou” in the north and “bo sheng” in the south. They generally consult herbalists for herbal tea or seek guidance from an older person on preparing the unique soup.
Herbal tea and specialty ingredient soups typically require periods of slow simmering in an antique clay pot to achieve optimum benefits. The soups are frequently used to treat postpartum depression, sickness, aging, and low vitality.
They have specific soup recipe manuals that teach how to use various soups in various scenarios. To create the proper soup, you’ll need a lot of expertise and patience.
Traditional Chinese medicine frequently uses herbs and specific soups to cure all ailments before turning to Western medicine for help. Thus it is generally saved for more serious health concerns. Many Chinese think that Western drugs are “too powerful” for them.
Unity of Nature and Man
According to this philosophical viewpoint, people’s diets ought to be tailored to the natural environments in which people live. People living in a wet climate, for example, should consume extra hot and spicy cuisine to assist in releasing the moisture.
From raw material sourcing to matching, from cooking procedure to cooking style, Chinese philosophy significantly affects Chinese food. Chinese cuisine’s entire cooking process is a mirror of nature’s balance and harmony. Chinese food shouldn’t only delight the taste buds of the gourmet but also keep them healthy.
Different Dishes in Different Seasons
The Chinese will vary their meals from the raw ingredients to the cooking processes as the seasons’ processes. Seasonings and side dishes vary according to the season. Winter cuisines are thicker and rich in flavor, whereas summer cuisines are light and refreshing; winter cuisines are mostly stewed or braised, whereas summer cuisines are often served cold as well as attired with sauce.
The dish’s aesthetic sense is very important in Chinese food, and it strives for harmony in aroma, taste, shape, color, and utensils. Cuisine’s aesthetic sense may be represented in a variety of ways.
Whether it’s Chinese carrot or cabbage, the raw materials may all be chopped into various shapes to fit the rest of the meal, giving consumers a very united physical and mental experience.
As previously stated, the Chinese are unconcerned about adhering to the five food category rules. More focus is placed on how to eat to balance yang and yin.
The freshness and taste of fruit or food are highly valued. Soup, rice, and 3 to 4 side dishes are standard components of the Chinese dinner. Fresh seafood, seasonal vegetables, and bite-size pieces of meat or fowl are used in the dishes.
Because Chinese people anticipate fresh vegetables and fruit in their daily meals, it is easy to follow a provider’s advice to boost their intake of all these foods. However, asking an impoverished Chinese client to increase her meat intake to help manage her anemia may be a more radical adjustment.
Again, meat amounts in Chinese cuisine are often minimal, and it is frequently utilized to flavor the soup or dish. It may be beneficial if the supplier acknowledges the difficulty of boosting meat consumption and offers culturally acceptable solutions. For instance, the patient might add meat to vegetable-only meals.
Chinese Food Near Me, Find Restaurants Around You
The most common type of restaurant serving Chinese Food Near Me are fast-food establishments which typically offer inexpensive meals including rice or noodle dishes, fried appetizers such as egg rolls, spare ribs or chicken fingers, and entrees which include sweet and sour chicken, beef with broccoli, chop suey, fried rice, lo mein or general tso’s chicken. Many fast-food establishments that serve Chinese Food Near Me are located within shopping malls or convenience stores to capitalize on the traffic of these places.
The Eight Traditional Styles of Chinese Food
The Eight Traditional Styles Of Chinese Food include Guangdong, Sichuan, Fujian, Hunan, Zhejiang, Jiangsu, Shandong and Anhui.
Guangdong (also known as Cantonese)
Thanks to Chinese emigration, Cantonese food comes from the southern Guangdong region and is widely eaten in places like Shenzhen, Guangzhou, and Hong Kong. And the dim sum is one of the most traditional Cantonese dishes, but there is a lot more to Cantonese cuisine than shrimp dumplings as well as taro cakes.
Lots of shellfish (both dried and fresh), nutritious soups, sauces (such as oyster, hoisin, and plum), grilled or dried meats (including goose and pig), and delicate tastes are typical of Cantonese cookery. In reality, it’s about subtlety – overwhelming spices are rare in the steamed, aged, braised, and deep-fried meals, while marinades, as well as time-intensive broths, are frequently used.
Sichuan food, which can be found in places like Chongqing and Chengdu in China’s Sichuan region, focuses on substantial stews and mouth-numbing peppercorns, which provide a lemony flavor unique fragrance.
Nuts, spices, garlic, seeds, air-dried meats, as well as Sichuan peppercorns are the most prevalent components in these recipes. The Sichuan peppers, which may numb the mouth, are incredibly wonderful with soup noodles and some stir-fried meals.
The southern Fujian area lies at the center of China’s natural wildness, surrounded by mountains as well as the sea. The cuisine is no exception: Fresh shrimp and fish are common ingredients, as are forest-foraged mushrooms and herbs, bamboo shoots, garlic, mutton, chicken, and duck, as well as orange juice for added complexity.
Fujian cuisine is known for its own marinated dishes, stews, soups, as well as stir-fries that combine savory, sour, and sweet flavors. The ‘drunken’ frogs (or chickens) in a rice wine sauce, sour and sweet squid as well as oyster cakes are all must-try dishes.
The Hunan area, a landlocked agricultural powerhouse in the Southern Central Region of China, is renowned as the “Land of Fish and Rice. ” Yet, the namesake cuisine contains far more than the two components.
Hunan cuisine, which is believed to become even hotter than Sichuan food, combines sour flavors, shallots, garlic, and a pelting of smoked meats with omnipresent chilies (preferred fiery and fresh).
The classic hot pot experiences will be enjoyed by visitors, as will the rich tastes of meals such as Dong’an chicken (steamed chicken with wine sauce and chili) as well as fish head with chilies.
Zhejiang prefers to maintain its meals simple. Zhejiang food can be found in towns like Hangzhou, Ningbo, and Shaoxing, which is in the Yangtze River. Zhejiang prefers to maintain its meals simple. Zhejiang focuses on steamed, stir-fried, and braised meals, as well as a lot of seafood.
Despite being lightly seasoned, the meals are salty in general, and the accompaniments nearly always contain delicate bamboo as well as crisp seasonal fruit and vegetables. Meanwhile, mild marinades are generally kept simple, consisting only of sugar and vinegar.
A taste of Dongpo meat (thick-cut braised belly pork), Longjing-tea-infused shrimp, as well as beggar’s chicken ought to give you a good idea of what to expect.
Jiangsu cuisine is light, sweet, fresh, and colorful and may be found in locations along the Yangtze River, including Nanjing, Suzhou, and Yangzhou- the northwest of Shanghai.
Refined Jiangsu food highlights careful cooking skills, fresh food, creative displays, and highly fragrant dishes and is frequently the go-to for rich banquets as well as state dinners.
Soups and rich and somewhat sweet shared dishes such as salted dry duck, sour and sweet spare ribs, and beggar’s chicken may be found on many menus (baked chicken in the lotus leaves).
Shandong food can indeed be found in Tianjin, Beijing, and along the Yellow Sea coast in the northeastern part of China. The historical food, which dates from the Qin Dynasty (221-207 BC), is also one of China’s earliest and takes its influences from the shore.
Fresh seafood is often seen on Shandong menus, generally stir-fried or deep fried and crisp on the outside. Besides seafood, such as sea cucumbers, scallops, and squid, popular components comprise pig offal, sturdy grains, bread (rather than rice), peanuts, starchy corn, eggplant, noodles, and vinegar.
The interior Anhui area, southwest of Shanghai, draws on its enormous natural resources, including woods, farms, and the Yellow Mountain, in order to create its simple, rustic food. Fresh bamboo, cured ham, mutton, and mushrooms all make appearances in most meals.
While there isn’t much fish to be found here, there are plenty of unexpected wild herbs, berries, gamey meats, and forest vegetables – all of which are frequently served using powerful culinary techniques like braising, stewing, and roasting.
Closing Thinking About Chinese Food
Although there are hundreds of Sichuan, Cantonese, and restaurants in the United States, most of them offer a mangled version of the actual thing, tweaked through time to suit American preferences and accessible ingredients. A lucky cookie, let alone sweet-and-sour or orange-glazed chicken, is rarely seen at restaurants in the homeland.
Searching for information about Chinese food may be a difficult task not because there isn’t enough information. This is the inverse problem; in reality, many varieties of Chinese cuisine are complex for many individuals! So don’t miss out on our review if you want to learn everything there is to know about Chinese food.
And you can watch this clip to know how to order Chinese food and have a look at Top 10 Top Chinese Dishes: | <urn:uuid:3865ed42-ee7a-4bdb-87a3-0ddf1e46e87e> | CC-MAIN-2022-40 | https://kitchenguides.org/chinese-food/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-40/segments/1664030337680.35/warc/CC-MAIN-20221005234659-20221006024659-00227.warc.gz | en | 0.949379 | 2,968 | 2.953125 | 3 |
I just went on a tour in the museum, and it was great. The tour was called “highlights”. It was about the main attractions in the Museum. The one thing I recommend to see the painting “George Washington crossing the Delaware”. There are some historical facts missrepesented, but never the less the painting is still good.
- It takes place in a cold, windy storm, at midnight so dark the crew couldn’t even see there own hands.
- The flag was supposed to be the Grand Union Flag because this takes place in1776 and the American flag as we know it was made in 1777.
- The boat is too small to carry so many people.
- The ice never gets that thick on the Delaware river.
- Georges wouldn’t be able to stand on a boat that shallow.
All of these historical inaccuracies are there to make this picture dramatic. and this picture is”DRAMATIC”. | <urn:uuid:fab0c88a-6976-408e-ad48-c603225b8d0e> | CC-MAIN-2021-17 | https://nikitastory.com/2017/03/the-metropolitan-museum-of-art/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2021-17/segments/1618038863420.65/warc/CC-MAIN-20210419015157-20210419045157-00494.warc.gz | en | 0.96658 | 209 | 2.625 | 3 |
GETTING STARTED WITH AN IDEA
What's the first step?
Sometimes the first step is realizing that an idea is not an invention – although it may lead to one. A lot of would-be inventors start out with an idea for a product, without realizing that there’s no invention until one figures out how to make the product..
One definition of “invention” is: a completed, new and unusual solution to a technical problem that has economic value.
There isn't one first step that suits every situation. The best choice for a first step depends on your own knowledge of the market and of the technology.. Often the best approach is to try to get partial answers to some of these questions:
Picking one of these questions and working it to death is usually not a good approach. It's better to get rough estimates in several areas and then go back and refine the estimates later.
Skipping one of those questions because you’re sure you already have a positive answer is dangerous. There are lots of inventors who are sure it will work. There are lots of inventors who are sure everybody will want it. There are lots of gun-shot victims who were sure it wasn’t loaded. There are lots of assumptions that can get one into trouble.
Getting answers when the idea is a total secret:
No idea is a total secret. A good idea is usually an improvement on something well-known. A good idea is almost always a solution to a widely known problem. You can set up questions about what people don't like about the old thing and what kinds of solutions other people have proposed to solve the known problem without letting the cat out of the bag. Take a look at my recommended six-step process for being practical about secrecy.
Expect to spend some time defining the market
The enthusiastic feeling that "there's nothing like it out there and everybody will want it" may be a good starting point, but it's no place to stop. If there's really nothing at all like it out there, you've got a big problem -- there's no market for it either. On the other hand, if everybody will want one as soon as they see it, you've got a different big problem -- the only things everybody wants are things that are already known and therefore not usefully protectable..
Inventors working on an industrial product, a new tool, or some similar item generally have an easier job of market research. They can identify what the invention is going to replace, and what the costs and benefits of the replacement are going to be. Not surprisingly, individual inventors in these areas tend to do a lot better than average.
Expect to spend some time defining what the innovation really is
Finding out what is "kind of like it" is important. The scope of protection that you can hope to get is tightly bound up with the degree to which your invention differs from the item it replaces. Some things to do in this area are:
Do I need to make a prototype?
If you can make an actual working product, that should be one of the first steps. There's always room for doubt about how well something will work until it actually does work. Even simple products commonly take two or three tries before they come out just right. In order to get patent protection, the inventor must be able to describe the invention well enough that someone "ordinarily skilled in the art" can practice the invention. The best way to know that the description is good enough is to make and test the product before writing that descrption. On the other hand, if making the first article is going to be a long expensive process requiring outside investment, you may be better off looking into patent protection on the invention before actually making something.
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Compared to fashion innovators like Coco Chanel and Paul Poiret, whose names are still well-known today, Lucile (Lady Duff Gordon), a leading couturier in the Edwardian era, has nearly been forgotten. Thanks to a current exhibition at the Guelph Civic Museum near Toronto, fashion-history lovers can find out about her significant contributions to the evolution of 20th century fashion and see many of her revolutionary creations.
Lucile: Fashion. Titanic. Scandal. tells the story of the life and career of Lucy Duff Gordon, “the most significant fashionista of the Edwardian age” (according to Hugh Brewster, guest curator of the exhibition). She grew up in Guelph, Canada, established one of the largest fashion empires in the world, and survived the Titanic disaster. The downstairs exhibition hall shows a time-line of her life and includes ship relics. The upper hall exhibits 15 original gowns, which are very fragile and on loan from nearby universities and private collections, in a display that simulates her salon.
At a time when few women divorced, Lucile ended her marriage to an alcoholic and unfaithful husband. With a daughter to support, a talent for sewing, and an interest in fashion, she started her dress-making business from home in 1890 and soon moved to rented premises. She quickly broke the traditions of the Victorian silhouette’s rigid corsets and introduced sheer, sexy lingerie. When Poiret (who is credited with freeing women from corsets) created his hobble skirt (which was so tight at the bottom that the wearer could barely walk), Lucile added a slit.
Her feminine, yet seductive layered chiffon and lace gowns with detailed silk, flower, or beaded embellishments were coveted by society women, royalty, and stage and early film actresses. A 1910 article in Good Housekeeping said: “Lady Duff Gordon believes that a truly successful creator of dress must be more or less of a psychologist. She studies her patrons from their souls out, and tries to read their true character and to clothe them accordingly.” This writer suggested that instead of producing a collection of what fashionable women should wear, Lucile designed specifically for each individual client, to bring out her own beauty.
From her first rented premises in London in 1894, Lucile moved to 17 Hanover Square in 1897. By 1904, Lucile Ltd. was established at 23 Hanover Square in London (where it remained for 20 years), with branches in New York (1910), Paris (1912) and Chicago (1915). Lucile had become “one of the first Englishwomen to be recognized internationally as a dress designer” (according to Jane Mulvagh, in Vogue’s History of 20th Century Fashion).
In addition to her lingerie and evening wear, Lucile was best known for her tea gowns, which wealthy women wore without corsets in private while taking tea (and potentially entertaining lovers) in the late afternoons, before dressing for dinner. Unlike most of her peers, Lucile also designed costumes for the stage and screen, including the operetta The Merry Widow (on the London stage in 1907), Ziegfield Follies (on Broadway, 1915-21), and early silent films such as The Perils of Pauline (1914). She applied the principles of theatrical dress design – the layering of fabrics, combinations of color, and use of trim, to spotlight the performer – to her fashion creations.
The theatre also inspired Lucile’s presentation of her collections. She was one of the first couturiers to use live models (whom she personally selected and trained) in mannequin parades, a precursor to the modern runway fashion show. This photo from the August 1914 issue of Harper’s Bazaar shows a model presenting a gown on the stage of the London house.
These invitation-only events featured tea, music and dancing, which Mulvagh refers to as a thé dansant, in her description of a 1913 fashion show reported in Vogue. There Lucile introduced a new silhouette for autumn – called the Tango frock – which was designed to allow a woman the freedom to engage in the latest dance craze while wearing a form-fitted, draped skirt with open sides over trousers (instead of a petticoat).
Lucile was also a pioneer in fashion marketing and merchandising. She lent her name to advertising for luxury apparel and beauty products, and designed interiors for limousines and town cars for the Chalmers Motor Company (now Chrysler Corporation). Her commercial undertakings included a licensing agreement with Sears, Roebuck & Co. in 1916-17 for a lower-priced, mail-order, ready-to-wear line. A talented writer, Lucile promoted her own collections and wrote about fashion in regular columns for Harper’s Bazaar, Good Housekeeping and Hearst newspapers. Vogue and other leading American and European fashion publications also wrote about her collections. These designs by Lucile were featured in her article “The Summer Frock Borrows Beauty from Bygone Periods”, in the June 1921 issue of Harper’s Bazaar.
After World War I, Lucile Ltd. experienced financial problems, partly because of the recession in 1919 and partly because Lady Duff Gordon’s ultra-feminine fashions were not in keeping with the youthful, androgynous (flapper) silhouette of the 1920s. She ended her relationship with the firm in 1922 but continued to design for individual clients. She also continued to work as a fashion columnist and critic, and published her autobiography, Discretions and Indiscretions, in 1932.
The daughter of civil engineer Douglas Sutherland and his Anglo-French-Canadian wife Elinor Saunders, Lucy Christiana Sutherland was born in London, England, in 1863, and moved to Guelph, Ontario, after her father’s death. When her mother remarried in 1871, the couple took Lucy and her sister (the future novelist/screenwriter/film producer and director, Elinor Glyn) to live on the Isle of Jersey.
In 1884, Lucy married James Stuart Wallace; her daughter Esme was born the following year. Wallace was an alcoholic and unfaithful husband, and the couple separated around 1890. Their divorce was finalized in 1895. Lucy married Sir Cosmo Duff Gordon, a Scottish baronet in 1900. In 1912 they were en route to New York aboard the Titanic and were among the first-class passengers who survived the disaster. Rumors and scandal surrounded the couple because their lifeboat, which was designed to hold 40, carried only 12 passengers. The Duff Gordons testified at the British inquiry into the sinking. They were exonerated of any wrong-doing but remained tainted by the scandal. Lucy Duff Gordon died in a London nursing home in 1935.
The Downton Abbey Connection
Fans of Downton Abbey may have caught the reference to Lucile as the designer of Lady Edith’s wedding gown in her ill-fated marriage to Sir Anthony Strallan in Season 3. In an early scene in episode 3 (set in May 1920), when the house is being decorated for the lavish reception, Edith, her mother and grandmother are discussing the preparations in a sitting room. Here is the dialogue:
Lady Edith: The dress came this morning.
Lady Violet: I was rather sad you decided against Patou. I would have paid.
Lady Cora: Lucile was safer. We don’t want her to look like a chorus girl.
In fact, the gorgeous satin wedding gown Edith wore “was designed around an original train covered with flowers and crystals, with these motifs repeated on the gown,” according to Caroline McCall, the head costume designer for Season 3.
For More Information
Lucile: Fashion. Titanic. Scandal. will be on display at the Guelph Civic Museum until November 13, 2016. Take advantage of this rare opportunity to see these beautiful Edwardian fashions. In addition, read Lucile – Her Life by Design: Sex, Style and the Fusion of Theatre and Couture by Randy Bigham, one of the exhibition’s consultants. You can order the book here. | <urn:uuid:5f09eb86-8355-4988-b01a-ae2e536aa5ac> | CC-MAIN-2019-43 | https://www.trufauxjewels.com/blog/lucile-downton-abby-era-couturier/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2019-43/segments/1570986702077.71/warc/CC-MAIN-20191020024805-20191020052305-00429.warc.gz | en | 0.967707 | 1,732 | 2.703125 | 3 |
This is the first part of a short series about how to accomplish biblical integration in a remote environment. These ideas can help teachers who are transitioning to an online environment, but they may also be helpful supplements that you could use for homework in other ways. [Note: Some of this may work more effectively for middle school and high school students than elementary-aged students.]
The unique nature of online learning gives it certain advantages over in-classroom learning. I am not saying that it is better, but there are aspects of it that can be educationally helpful. The University of Denver has some guidelines for transitioning classes to an online format that include this good point:
Try not to get bogged down with doing everything you would normally… What has to stay? What can go? Is there a way to meet your learning outcomes in a manageable way given the tools you have? When you find yourself getting stuck on issues like “how can I possibly do X online?!” Think about, “could I do something besides X?”
One of the basic ideas of online instruction is that it is different than in-person instruction. Therefore, it is unwise to try to teach your class in the normal way during abnormal circumstances. Our objectives remain, but many other things change. The environment is different. The interactions are different. The tools of engagement are different. Therefore, you cannot simply do what you did before and post it online. This is true for your elements of biblical integration as well. To that end, here is an idea that can help you create an excellent, integration, online experience for your students.
Lean into (Slow) Discussion and Collaboration
According to Purdue University, “Although response time may be longer online, the quality of feedback tends to be more detailed and focused than in the classroom setting.” This is because when you ask a question in-person, the student that thinks of an answer the fastest speaks up. But online, speed is not as relevant. And students need to write out or record their responses, so the fast answer must be refined. And, the slower answer gets equally heard. One of my favorite discussion activities is a shared sharpening task called “Make-It-Better.”
To do this, you give students a prompt like this one:
The Bible is not anti-science. Instead, science supports the Bible and the Bible supports science.
The students would be asked to make this statement better. They can add detail and examples. They can interact with ideas and sources. They can clarify arguments. They can include cultural understanding. And as they work on it, they might come up with something like this:
In The God Delusion, Richard Dawkins seems to represent many non-Christians in saying that the Bible does not correspond with science. However, in that same book, he also calls on parents, saying, “Do not indoctrinate your children. Teach them how to think for themselves, how to evaluate evidence, and how to disagree with you.” In taking his advice, I have evaluated evidence and come to disagree with him on his conclusion.
Dawkins states, “If all the evidence in the universe turned in favour of creationism, I would be the first to admit it, and I would immediately change my mind. As things stand, however, all available evidence (and there is a vast amount of it) favours evolution.” I do not think that this is an accurate assessment how we should interpret the evidence. The Bible is not anti-science. While there are many diverse pieces of evidence, here is one that I am currently interested in: Job — the oldest book of the Bible — states a scientific fact that could not be known at that time without divine revelation. In Job 26:7, the writer states that God stretches the north over empty space and hangs the earth on nothing. The most ancient book of the Bible offers a modern, poetic description of the earth being in space. That seems like one piece of evidence that, to Dawkins’ chagrin, seems to support the accuracy of biblical evidence. Therefore, I continue to be confident that science supports the Bible and the Bible supports science.
With collaborative tools like Google Docs, there is no reason that a class of students could not Make-It-Better like this. In addition, the teacher is able to see what each student contributes so that each student can be held accountable for participation. And what subjects could this work for? English — for the development of writing, grammar, developing a thesis, citing sources. Speech — developing a theme to make a persuasive argument. Science — understanding the biblical connections to modern discoveries. History — understanding how ideas have developed and been challenged (or supported) over time. | <urn:uuid:95f1fa21-bc78-49d3-83ef-845ba5a69bb1> | CC-MAIN-2020-24 | https://leadlikethis.com/category/remote-learning/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2020-24/segments/1590347425481.58/warc/CC-MAIN-20200602162157-20200602192157-00296.warc.gz | en | 0.965398 | 976 | 3.171875 | 3 |
On May 17, 1875, thousands of eager horse racing fans poured through the gates of Churchill Downs to get their first looks at Louisville’s sparkling new racetrack and cheer on the thoroughbreds in the featured race, the inaugural Kentucky Derby. Finely dressed gentlemen and ladies adorned in bright colors thronged the grandstand and hundreds of carriages filled the infield as the horses toed the line for the day’s second race. At the tap of a drum, fifteen horses thundered down the track. As excited shouts echoed across the oval, jockey Oliver Lewis spurred on his chestnut colt Aristides to a one-length victory in the fastest time ever recorded by a three-year-old horse.
That Lewis was a black man in the sport of horse racing was of little note. In fact, 13 of the 15 riders in that first Kentucky Derby were African-Americans. In the years following the Civil War, black jockeys dominated horse racing at a time when it was America’s most popular sport. African-American riders were the first black sports superstars in the United States, and they won 15 of the first 28 runnings of the Kentucky Derby. | <urn:uuid:00814b97-71e4-4913-bbb5-6237e8e5c77a> | CC-MAIN-2022-40 | http://www.kolumnmagazine.com/2017/01/02/kentucky-derbys-forgotten-black-jockeys-history/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-40/segments/1664030334515.14/warc/CC-MAIN-20220925070216-20220925100216-00704.warc.gz | en | 0.960837 | 246 | 3.46875 | 3 |
Sir Philip Sidney (November 30, 1554 – October 17, 1586) became one of the Elizabethan Age's most prominent figures. Famous in his day in England as a poet, courtier and soldier, he remains known as the author of Astrophil and Stella (1581, pub. 1591), The Defence of Poesy (or An Apology for Poetry, 1581, pub. 1595), and The Countess of Pembroke's Arcadia (1580, pub. 1590).
Life and Family
Born at Penshurst, Kent, he was the eldest son of Sir Henry Sidney and Lady Mary Dudley. His mother was the daughter of John Dudley, 1st Duke of Northumberland, and the sister of Robert Dudley, 1st Earl of Leicester. His younger sister, Mary Sidney, married Henry Herbert, 2nd Earl of Pembroke. Mary Sidney was important as a translator and as a patron of poetry; Sidney dedicated his longest work, the Arcadia, to her.
Philip was educated at Shrewsbury School and Christ Church, Oxford. He was much travelled and highly learned. In 1572, he travelled to France as part of the embassy to negotiate a marriage between Elizabeth I and the Duc D'Alencon. He spent the next several years in Europe, moving through Germany, Italy, Poland, and Austria. On these travels, he met a number of prominent European intellectuals and politicians.
Returning to England in 1575, Sidney met Penelope Devereaux, the future Penelope Blount; though much younger, she would inspire his famous sonnet sequence of the 1580s, Astrophil and Stella. Her father, the Earl of Essex, is said to have planned to marry his daughter to Sidney, but he died in 1576. In England, Sidney occupied himself with politics and art. He defended his father's administration of Ireland in a lengthy document. More seriously, he quarrelled with Edward de Vere, 17th Earl of Oxford, probably because of Sidney's opposition to the French marriage, which de Vere championed. In the aftermath of this episode, Sidney challenged de Vere to a duel, which Elizabeth forbade. He then wrote a lengthy letter to the Queen detailing the foolishness of the French marriage. Characteristically, Elizabeth bristled at his presumption, and Sidney prudently retired from court.
His artistic contacts were more peaceful and more significant for his lasting fame. During his absence from court, he wrote the Arcadia and, probably, The Defense of Poesy. Somewhat earlier, he had met Edmund Spenser, who dedicated the Shepheardes Calendar to him. Other literary contacts included membership of the (possibly fictitious) 'Areopagus', a humanist endeavour to classicise English verse, and his friendship with his sister who, after his death, completed the verse translation of the Psalms that he had begun.
Sidney had returned to court by the middle of 1581. That same year Penelope Devereaux was married, apparently against her will, to Lord Rich. Sidney was knighted in 1583. An early arrangement to marry Anne Cecil, daughter of Sir William Cecil and eventual wife of de Vere, had fallen through in 1571. In 1583, he married Frances, teenage daughter of Sir Francis Walsingham. The next year, he met Giordano Bruno who subsequently dedicated two books to Sidney.
Both through his family heritage and his personal experience (he was in Walsingham's house in Paris during the St. Bartholomew's Day Massacre), Sidney was a keenly militant Protestant. In the 1570s, he had persuaded John Casimir to consider proposals for a united Protestant effort against the Roman Catholic Church and Spain. In the early 1580s, he argued unsuccessfully for an assault on Spain itself. In 1585, his enthusiasm for the Protestant struggle was given a free rein when he was appointed governor of Flushing in the Netherlands. In the Netherlands, he consistently urged boldness on his superior, the Earl of Leicester. He conducted a successful raid on Spanish forces near Axel in July, 1586.
Later that year, he joined Sir John Norris in the Battle of Zutphen. During the siege, he was shot in the thigh and died twenty-two days later. According to story, while lying wounded he gave his water-bottle to another wounded soldier, saying, "Thy need is greater than mine". This became possibly the most famous story about Sir Phillip, intended to illustrate his noble character.
Sidney's body was returned to London and interred in St. Paul's Cathedral on 16 February 1587. Already during his own lifetime, but even more after his death, he had become for many English people the very epitome of a courtier: learned and politic, but at the same time generous, brave, and impulsive. Never more than a marginal figure in the politics of his time, he was memorialised as the flower of English manhood in Edmund Spenser's Astrophel, one of the greatest English Renaissance elegies.
An early biography of Sidney was written by his friend and schoolfellow, Fulke Greville.
The Rye House conspirator, Algernon Sydney, was Sir Philip's great-nephew.
- Astrophil and Stella — The first of the famous English sonnet sequences, Astrophil and Stella was probably composed in the early 1580s. The sonnets were well-circulated in manuscript before the first (apparently pirated) edition was printed in 1591; only in 1598 did an authorised edition reach the press. The sequence was a watershed in English Renaissance poetry. In it, Sidney partially nativised the key features of his Italian model, Petrarch: variation of emotion from poem to poem, with the attendant sense of an ongoing, but partly obscure, narrative; the philosophical trappings; the musings on the act of poetic creation itself. His experiments with rhyme scheme were no less notable; they served to free the English sonnet from the strict rhyming requirements of the Italian form.
- The Countess of Pembroke's Arcadia — The Arcadia, by far Sidney's most ambitious work, was as significant in its own way as his sonnets. The work is a romance that combines pastoral elements with a mood derived from the Hellenistic model of Heliodorus. In the work, that is, a highly idealized version of the shepherd's life adjoins (not always naturally) with stories of jousts, political treachery, kidnappings, battles, and rapes. As published in the sixteenth century, the narrative follows the Greek model: stories are nested within each other, and different story-lines are intertwined. The work enjoyed great popularity for more than a century after its publication. William Shakespeare borrowed from it for the Gloucester subplot of King Lear; parts of it were also dramatized by John Day and James Shirley. According to a widely-told story, King Charles I quoted lines from the book as he mounted the scaffold to be executed; Samuel Richardson named the heroine of his first novel after Sidney's Pamela. Arcadia exists in two significantly different versions. Sidney wrote an early version during a stay at Mary Herbert's house; this version is narrated in a straightforward, sequential manner. Later, Sidney began to revise the work on a more ambitious plan. He completed most of the first three books, but the project was unfinished at the time of his death. After a publication of the first three books (1590) sparked interest, the extant version was fleshed out with material from the first version (1593).
- The Defence of Poesy (also known as the An Apology for Poetry) — Sidney wrote the Defence before 1583. It is generally believed that he was at least partly motivated by Stephen Gosson, a former playwright who dedicated his attack on the English stage, The School of Abuse, to Sidney in 1579, but Sidney primarily addresses more general objections to poetry, such as those of Plato. In his essay, Sidney integrates a number of classical and Italian precepts on fiction. The essence of his defense is that poetry, by combining the liveliness of history with the ethical focus of philosophy, is more effective than either history or philosophy in rousing its readers to virtue. The work also offers important comments on Edmund Spenser and the Elizabethan stage.
Influence (An Apology for Poetry)
Sir Philip Sidney’s influence can be seen throughout the history of English literary criticism since the publication of the Apology. One of the most important examples is in the work of the poet and critic, Percy Bysshe Shelley. Shelley’s modern argument for poetry is cast in a Romantic strain in his critical work titled A Defence of Poetry. In 1858, William Stigant, a Cambridge-educated translator, poet and essayist, writes in his essay titled "Sir Philip Sidney" in Cambridge Essays that Shelley's "beautifully written Defence of Poetry" is a work which "analyses the very inner essence of poetry and the reason of its existence, - its development from, and operation on, the mind of man" (Garrett 347). Shelley writes in Defence that while "ethical science arranges the elements which poetry has created," and leads to a civil life, poetry acts in a way that "awakens and enlarges the mind itself by rendering it the receptacle of a thousand unapprehended combinations of thought" (Shelley, Norton 517).
Sidney’s influence on future writers could be analyzed from the standpoint of his handling of the utilitarian viewpoint. The utilitarian view of rhetoric can be traced from Sophists, Scalinger, Ramus and humanists to Sidney (Bear 11). For instance, Sidney, following Aristotle, writes that praxis (human action) is tantamount to gnosis (knowledge). Men drawn to music, astronomy, philosophy and so forth all direct themselves to "the highest end of the mistress knowledge, by the Greeks called architectonike (literarlly, "of or for a master builder")," which stands, according to Sidney, "in the knowledge of a man's self, in the ethic and political consideration, with the end of well doing and not of well knowing only" (Leitch "Sidney" 333). Sidney’s program of literary reform concerns the connection between art and virtue (Mitsi 6). One of the themes of the Apology is the insufficiency of simply presenting virtue as a precept; the poet must move men to virtuous action (Craig 123). Poetry can lead to virtuous action. Action relates to experience. From Sidney, the utilitarian view of rhetoric can be traced to Coleridge's criticism, and for instance, to the reaction to the Enlightenment (Bear 11). Coleridge's brief treatise On Poesy or Art sets forth a theory of imitation which bears a remarkable resemblance to that of Sidney (Mack 131).
The impact of Sidney’s Apology is largely derivative of the humanistic precepts that inform the work, and its linkage of the rhetorical with the civic virtue of prudence. Prudence offers a middle ground between two extremes. Prudence, as a virtue, places a greater value on praxis than gnosis (Harvey 1). Action is thus more important than abstract knowledge. It deals with the question of how to combine stability with innovation (Jasinski 466).
Secondly, Sidney’s influence on future critics and poets relates to his view of the place of poets in society. Sidney describes poetry as creating a separate reality (Harvey 3). The Romantic notion, as seen in Wordsworth, is that poetry privileges perception, imagination and modes of understanding. Wordsworth seeks to go back to nature for moments recollected in tranquility. Sidney, like Shelley and Wordsworth, sees the poet as being separate from society. To Sidney the poet is not tied to any subjection. He saw art as equivalent to "skill," a profession to be learned or developed, and nature was the objective, empirical world (Kimbrough 44). The poet can invent, and thus in effect grows another nature.
Sidney writes that there “is no art delivered to mankind that hath not the works of nature for his principal object” (Leitch, Sidney 330). The poet then does not depart from external nature. His works are "imitation" or "fiction," made of the materials of nature, and are shaped by the artist's vision. This vision is one that demands the reader's awareness of the art of imitation created through the "maker," the poet (Kimbrough 45). Sidney's notion of fore-conceit means that a conception of the work must exist in the poet's mind before it is written (Harvey 3). Free from the limitations of nature, and independent from nature, poetry is capable of "making things either better than Nature bringeth forth, or, quite anew, forms such as never were in Nature" (Leitch Sidney 330).
Sidney’s doctrine presents the poet as creator. The poet’s mediating role between two worlds – transcendent forms and historical actuality – corresponds to the Neoplatonic doctrine of emanation. A complement to this doctrine is the concept of return or catharsis, which finds a parallel in Sidney’s contemplation of virtue, based man’s rational desire (Craig 117). Apology contains only elements of Neoplatonism without adhering to the full doctrine.
Thirdly, Sidney implies a theory of metaphoric language in his work. A recurring motif in Apology is painting or “portraiture” (Leitch 333). Apology applies language use in a way suggestive of what is known in modern literary theory as semiotics. His central premise is that poetry is an art of imitation, that is a “representing, counterfeiting, or figuring forth” not unlike a “speaking picture” (Leitch, Sidney 331). Sidney pays his homage to Aristotle. Yet he develops his own idea of metaphoric language, one that it is based on an analogy through universal correspondences. Sidney’s humanist poetics and his tendency to harmonize disparate extremes – to seek mediation – find expression in poetic works by John Donne (Knauss 1).
The life and writings of Sir Philip Sidney remain a legacy. In 1819, Thomas Campbell concludes that Sidney's life was "poetry in action," and then in 1858 William Stigant wrote that "Sidney's real poem was his life, and his teaching was his example" (quoted in Garrett, Sidney 55). Sidney, the man, is apparent everywhere in his works: a study of Sidney's works is a study of the man (Kimbrough, "Preface" 1).
An Apology for Poetry is the most important contribution to Renaissance literary theory. Sidney advocates a place for poetry within the framework of an aristocratic state, while showing concern for both literary and national identity (Griffiths 5). Sidney responds in Apology to an emerging antipathy to poetry that saw works like Stephen Gosson’s The Schoole of Abuse (1579) come to prominence. Gosson offers what is in essence a puritan attack on imaginative literature (Griffiths 5). What is at stake in Sidney’s argument is a defense of poetry’s nobility. The significance of the nobility of poetry is its power to move readers to virtuous action (Robertson 657). True poets must teach and delight – a view that dates back to Horace.
In an era of an antipathy to poetry, and puritanical belief in the corruption of literature, Sidney’s defense was a significant contribution to the genre of literary criticism. It was England’s first philosophical defense in which he describes poetry’s ancient and indispensable place in society, its mimetic nature, and its ethical function (Harvey 2). Among Sidney’s gifts to his contemporaries were his respect for tradition and willingness to experiment (Robertson 656). An example of the latter is his approach to Plato. He reconfigures Plato’s argument against poets by saying poets are “the least liar” (Leitch 348). Poets never claim to know the truth, nor “make circles around your imagination,” nor rely on authority (Letich 349). As an expression of a cultural attitude descending from Aristotle, Sidney, when stating that the poet "never affirmeth," makes the claim that all statements in literature are hypothetical or pseudo-statements (Frye 35). Sidney, as a traditionalist, however, gives attention to drama in contradistinction to poetry. Drama, writes Sidney, is “observing neither rules of honest civility nor of skillful poetry” and thus cannot do justice to this genre (Leitch 356).
Anti-theatricality was another phenomenon in Sidney's day. This was predominantly an aesthetic and ideological concern that flourished among Sidney’s circle at court (Acheson 11). Theatre became a contentious issue in part because of the culmination of a growing contempt for the values of the emergent consumer culture. An expanding money economy encouraged social mobility. Europe, at this time, had its first encounter with inflation (Davies 517). London's theatres at that time grew progressively in popularity, so much so in fact that by 1605, despite the introduction of charges, London commercial theatres could accommodate up to eight thousand men and women (Hale 278). Sidney had his own views on drama. In Apology, he shows opposition to the current of his day that pays little attention to unity of place in drama (Bear 11), but more specifically, his concern is with the "manner" and "matter" a story is conveyed (Leitch Sidney 357). He explains that tragedy is not bound to history or the story but to "laws of poesy," having "liberty, either to feign a quite new matter, or to frame the history to the most most tragical conveniency" (357).
Sidney employs a number of strategies to assert the proper place of poetry. For instance, he argues against the way in which poetry was misaligned with youth, the effeminate and the timorous. He does so by introducing the idea that “poetry is the companion of camps” and by invoking the heroes of ages past (Leitch 351). Sidney’s reverence for the poet as soldier is significant because he himself was a soldier at one time. Poetry, in Apology, becomes an art that requires the noble stirring of courage (Pask 7).
Sidney writes An Apology for Poetry in the form of a judicial oration, and thus it is like a trial in structure. Crucial to his defense is the descriptive discourse and the idea that poetry creates a separate reality (Harvey 2). Sidney employs forensic rhetoric as a tool to make its argument that poetry not only conveys a separate reality, but that it has a long and venerable history, and it does not lie. It is defensible in its own right as a means to move readers to virtuous action.
On Method (Apology)
Sidney’s approach to censorship in Apology is through his use of rhetorical devices. Censorship is one problem Sidney had to overcome when he wrote Apology. Sidney was also versed in the phenomenon of courtiership. As part of his strategy against the threat of censorship, Sidney uses the structure of classical oration with its conventional divisions such as exordium and peroration. Sidney's use of classical oration stems from his humanist education (Harvey 1). He uses this method to build his argument, by making use of the rhetorical methods in such guides as Thomas Wilson’s Arte of Rhetorique (Harvey 2). Sidney also uses metaphor and allegory, to conceal and reveal his position. For instance, his use of horsemanship as imagery and analogy substantiates his vision of the transformational power of poetry. Sidney, as author, enters his work undetected in that the etymology of his name “Philip” is “horse-lover” (Pask 7). From the opening discourse on horsemanship, Sidney expands on the horse and saddle metaphor throughout his work by the “enlarging of a conceit” (Leitch 333). It is Sidney who then guards against a falling out with the “poet-whippers” (Leitch 346). Sidney also attends to the rhetorical concept of memory. Poetry, apart from its ability to delight, has an affinity with memory (Leitch 347).
Method and style are thus key components of the Apology to overcome the problem of censorship. For this reason, Sidney consciously defends fiction, and he attacks the privilege that is accorded to “fact.” He argues that the poet makes no literal claims of truth, is under no illusions, and thus creates statements that are in a sense “fictional” and as true as any others (Bear 5). What is at stake then is not only the value of poetry in the sense of its utility, but also its place in a world replete with strife, the contingent and the provisional.
- Acheson, Kathy. "'Outrage your face': Anti-Theatricality and Gender in Early Modern Closet Drama by Women." Early Modern Literary Studies 6.3 (January, 2001): 7.1-16. 21 Oct. 2005.
- Bear, R.S. “Defence of Poesie: Introduction.” In Renascence Editions. 21 Oct. 2005. .
- Craig, D.H. "A Hybrid Growth: Sidney's Theory of Poetry in An Apology for Poetry." Essential Articles for the Study of Sir Philip Sidney. Ed. Arthur F. Kinney. Hamden: Archon Books, 1986.
- Davies, Norman. Europe: A History. London: Pimlico, 1997.
- Frye, Northrup. Words With Power: Being a Second Study of the Bible and Literature. Toronto: Penguin Books, 1992.
- Garrett, Martin. Ed. Sidney: the Critical Heritage. London: Routledge, 1996.
- Greville, Fulke .Life of the Renowned Sir Philip Sidney. London, 1652.
- Griffiths, Matthew. "[http:/?petrarch.petersadlon.com/submissions/Griffiths.html English Court Poets and Petrarchism: Wyatt, Sidney and Spenser." 25 Nov. 2005.
- Hale, John. The Civilization of Europe in the Renaissance. New York: Atheeum, 1994.
- Harvey, Elizabeth D. “Sidney, Sir Philip.” In The Johns Hopkins Guide to Literary Theory & Criticism. 25 Nov. 2005.
- Jasinski, James. Sourcebook on Rhetoric: Key Concepts in Contemporary Rhetorical Studies. Thousand Oaks: Sage Publications, 2001.
- Kimbrough, Robert. Sir Philip Sidney. New York: Twayne Publishers, Inc., 1971.
- Knauss, Daniel, Philip. “Love’s Refinement: Metaphysical Expressions of Desire in Philip Sidney and John Donne.” Master's Thesis submitted to the Faculty of the North Carolina State University. 25 Nov. 2005..
- Leitch, Vincent B., Ed. The Norton Anthology of Theory and Criticism. New York: W. W. Norton & Company, Inc., 2001.
- Lewis, C. S. English Literature in the Sixteenth Century, Excluding Drama. Oxford: Oxford University Press, 1954.
- Maley, Willy. "Cultural Materialism and New Historicism." 8 Nov. 2005
- Mitsi, Efterpi. “The “Popular Philosopher”: Plato, Poetry, and Food in Tudor Aesthetics.” In Early Modern Literary Studies. 9 Nov. 2004. .
- Pask, Kevin. "The "mannes state" of Philip Sidney: Pre-scripting the Life of the Poet in England." 25 Nov. 2005. .
- Robertson, Jean. "Philip Sidney." In The Spenser Encyclopedia. eds. A.C. Hamilton et al. Toronto: University of Toronto Press, 1990.
- Shelley, Percy Bysshe. "A Defence of Poetry." In Shelley’s Poetry and Prose: A Norton Critical Edition. 2nd ed. Eds. Donald H. Reiman and Neil Fraistat. New York: W. W. Norton & Company, 2002.
- Sidney, Philip. A Defense of Poetry and Poems. London: Cassell and Company, 1891.
- The Cambridge History of English and American Literature. Volume 3. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 1910.
This article might use material from a Wikipedia article, which is released under the Creative Commons Attribution-Share-Alike License 3.0.
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In an age when science facts and information are easily available on the internet, it’s not enough to simply understand scientific concepts. Instead, students must be able to use apply those concepts to real-world problems. They must be able to explain phenomena scientifically and use scientific evidence to draw conclusions and make decisions.
U.S. students lag behind international peers in meeting this bar. Only 7.5% of U.S. students reach the highest levels of proficiency in science, compared to 11% in Canada and 27% in Shanghai.
To improve science results, high-performing schools focus instruction on application of scientific concepts. They use projects and experiments to give students the chance to apply science to real-world problems. Given that strong science results are correlated with high instrumental motivation in science, successful schools also show students how science is used outside the classroom, and how they might use science in a future career.
Best Practices in Science Instruction:
1. Increase expectations and rigor. High performing schools review their internal standards to ensure they provide an appropriate level of rigor. Some use the OECD Test for Schools proficiency levels to inform their own standards. They also adjust the science curriculum to ensure that all students have the opportunity to take higher-level science courses, such as physics, before they graduate.
2. Build students’ critical thinking skills. Successful science educators require students to use scientific concepts to solve complex problems. Classroom time is spent not only on lectures, but also on discussion, experimentation, and problem-solving.
To help build problem-solving skills, leading schools emphasize project-based learning. Students learn science concepts by working through a complex problem. To show students the connections between different academic disciplines, some schools design cross-curricular projects that require students to draw on knowledge from across their academic experience.
3. Foster interest and motivation in science by showcasing real-world applications of science. Strong science results are correlated with student motivation to learn. To show students how they might use science later in life, high performing schools expose students to real-world examples of science in action, and create opportunities for students to engage with science outside of the classroom. For example, one high school created a partnership with a local technology company. Students shadowed scientists and engineers to learn more about science careers. | <urn:uuid:cbb96336-ff52-4dba-a2cf-82aec3c825e0> | CC-MAIN-2018-26 | https://globallearningnetwork.americaachieves.org/improve-math-results.html | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2018-26/segments/1529267864337.41/warc/CC-MAIN-20180622010629-20180622030629-00121.warc.gz | en | 0.944143 | 471 | 4.3125 | 4 |
Your Child and Anxiety: School Stress Starts Early
Student Stress Starts Early. The Problem: Premature Pressure by Parents, Peers
Call it pressure. Call it great expectations. Whatever its name the result is the same: school stress.
It starts as soon as kindergarten. It turns play into competitive sport. It turns the joy of learning into a struggle to excel. It turns friends into social connections and charitable acts into a line on a resume.
In his 31 years of teaching, Richard L. Hall, PhD, has never seen a more stressful time. Hall is assistant headmaster of Atlanta's Lovett School, which enrolls some 1,500 students from pre-kindergarten through high school.
"It can be overwhelming," Hall tells WebMD. "Students are put in a position of feeling they just must not stop. They are not given a sense of support. They are put in an environment where they are not accepted for themselves but only for what they are going to achieve. All this builds stress."
Stress and Distress
Stress itself is not a bad thing, says child psychologist Brenda Bryant, PhD, professor of human development at University of California, Davis.
"You are not really truly alive without stress," she tells WebMD. "Being challenged makes you learn new things and keeps your brain functioning. In all the major theories of learning, there is stress. But if stress is really interfering with development, that is a problem. Sometimes with too much stress kids get immobilized."
It's a fine line for a parent to walk. On the one hand, a child needs age-appropriate limits and guidance. On the other hand, parents often refuse to let the learning process run its course.
"We don't need to apply pressure to get kids to perform," says Karen DeBord, PhD, a child development specialist for the North Carolina Cooperative Extension Service. "Building on children's inner motivations is most important. Instead of paying kids a dollar for an 'A,' tell them how proud you are of them -- and say, 'aren't you proud of yourself?' If they perform only for our reward, that is not the greatest thing to teach them. That makes them like the people who come to work just for the money, and always complain about the job. Who could be more of a drag to be around?" | <urn:uuid:7d6f07ba-bdbe-41c5-9143-2d841b507d40> | CC-MAIN-2015-27 | http://www.webmd.com/anxiety-panic/features/school-stress-anxiety-children | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2015-27/segments/1435375094931.19/warc/CC-MAIN-20150627031814-00094-ip-10-179-60-89.ec2.internal.warc.gz | en | 0.966248 | 482 | 2.75 | 3 |
Investments are essential for individuals and businesses. They reduce the risk in our lives and act as a cushion when needed. As far as businesses are concerned, investments are not only financial but also those of its employees, namely the creation of teams and the creation of images. There is a quote from Warren Buffet that says, "Someone is sitting in the shade today because someone planted a tree a long time ago." True to this quote, companies must invest today to harvest the fruits of tomorrow. Taking into account recent trends, we will discuss two types of data: data science and web development. Investments are essential for individuals and businesses.
They reduce the risk in our lives and act as a cushion when needed. As far as businesses are concerned, investments are not only financial but also those of its employees, namely the creation of teams and the creation of images. There is a quote from Warren Buffet that says, "Someone is sitting in the shade today because someone planted a tree a long time ago." True to this quote, companies must invest today to harvest the fruits of tomorrow. Taking into account recent trends, we will discuss two types of data: data science and web development.
Data science is interdisciplinary science if data analysis uses statistics, algorithm construction, and technology. With the recent trends in Data Science such as machine learning and artificial intelligence, more and more companies want to invest in a Data Science team to better understand their data and make sound decisions. Web development is the creation of a website for the internet or intranet. Since a website is the face of a business, it is necessary for businesses to invest one. In addition, Web development companies need to match their skills to future trends as companies become more e-commerce and e-learning oriented. This, in turn, is a determining factor for setting up Data Science teams in companies.
Data Science involves analyzing data using specialized skills and 1. technologies, while web development involves creating a website for the internet or intranet using business details, customer requirements and technical skills.
2. Data Science is a relatively new concept introduced in 2008 while web development has existed since 1999.
3. Python is used by both data specialists and web developers. However, in Data Science, it is used to analyze data while in Web development it is used to create a website.
4. Data Science uses coding on a large scale, but also includes other elements, while the entire web development is based on coding.
5. There are statistics involved in data science whereas in Web development statistics are not useful.
6. Data scientists attempt to answer questions about the business at the end of the analysis, while php web developers try to meet the customer's needs when creating a website.
7. Data Science depends on the availability of data, while Web development relies on close interaction with the customer to understand the needs and obtain the required information.
8. Data Science's budget is high, but it is fixed while the budget for Web development keeps changing with the changing needs and additional features.
Similarities between these scientists and web developers:
You must write codes. You must work closely with customers. You must present these are the top three things that people tend to avoid when working as data specialists or web developers. However, each career you choose will end up having to complete all the tasks if you want to be good at your job.
From a financial point of view, they also have enormous potential. We will never run out of data and the demand for websites will not diminish. From the point of view of the task, data specialists solve optimization problems in different fields. While creating websites helps people convey their message to their target audience. Instead of choosing one or the other, why not choose both? You can perform tasks, analyzes, and at the same time generate data products, such as interactive dashboard and workflow automation.
Web developers vs. data scientists: Who rules the Python world?
The combination of data analysis and machine learning is hardly relevant, but the fact that web development and data analysis/machine learning overlap is certainly interesting.
It's fair to say that Python is everywhere we go, from DevOps to machine learning and data science. Stack Overflow seems to agree - according to some calculations done last year, Python is the fastest growing programming language. We chatted with David Robinson, the data specialist at Stack Overflow, about the growth of Python and we learned that it came from the tremendous expansion of data science and machine learning. | <urn:uuid:8084c7ed-86f0-4146-acf9-fce2dfce9fc8> | CC-MAIN-2019-22 | https://www.houseofbots.com/news-detail/3818-1-know-how-data-science-is-different-from-web-development | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2019-22/segments/1558232257845.26/warc/CC-MAIN-20190525004721-20190525030721-00384.warc.gz | en | 0.947088 | 912 | 2.640625 | 3 |
When discussing child care, the focus is primarily on the welfare of the child. Although the well-being of the child care workers has long been generally and implicitly addressed in training and supervision, only recently has there been an effort to identify the problems confronting child care workers and to reflect their consequences.
The concept of occupational or job stress has only really developed over the last twenty years. Occupational stress refers here to workers' 'physiological and psychological responses to situations perceived as potentially disruptive' and which may be either desirable or undesirable. Going on vacation or being promoted may cause a positive kind of stress, of heightened awareness and sense of challenge. However, the emphasis in this paper will be on negative stress, which arises from those situations perceived as undesirable, painful and threatening to the ability of the worker to cope effectively.
"The 'burn-out syndrome' is an extreme response to occupational pressure. It has been described as primarily an experience of exhaustion resulting from excessive demands on the worker's energy and resources accompanied by a dehumanisation of the caring process. The 'burn-out syndrome' appears to be widespread among human service workers whose work require intense interpersonal involvement."
Recent years have seen great strides in the professionalisation of the child care worker with a corresponding advance in the quality of care for the child. Accompanying this advance has been the need for training and support systems. A well-known problem is the retention of workers and the quality of long-term care. Part of this is due to poor selection procedures. But a significant cause is the exhaustion experienced by workers. As a result there is a high staff turnover, potential apathy, and frustration for continuing workers.
Much resistance is met when facing the issue of job stress in the child care worker, as the implications are far broader than most would like to admit. It can bring systems face to face with change, when they may be more comfortable if left unchallenged. The upholders of rigid systems should realise that the ultimate beneficiaries of change would be the children.
Sources of stress in child care
Agency attitudes and policies contribute to the stress experienced by child care workers. Many agencies have enduring traditions which come from more autocratic times. Although endless red tape is something which doesn't directly concern the child care worker, it is something of which one is always aware.
Morale among child care workers is directly related to their perceived ability to influence the decisions affecting their work. On the one hand the child care worker is frequently perceived as the least valued of employees (low salaries are evidence of this); and on the other hand is the increasing awareness of the central role of the child care worker in providing quality care for the child. "Thus while being told of his importance, and encouraged toward professional associations and training, he is deprived of the economic and psychological circumstances necessary to engage in an exciting and productive career."
People become child care workers through a variety of motivations. However, there is an inescapable stress-producing conflict between the worker's commitment to giving, and the reality that frequently he cannot give enough. Each person's emotional resources are limited and the support offered by family, friends and colleagues is often insufficient.
Idealism vs reality
One confronts the reality with a certain idealism which more than often does not coincide with reality. Society values those who are concerned and care, but when one is faced with messy, rude and aggressive children, caring and being concerned is not that easy. This realisation is a threat to the workers' self-esteem and their own perceptions of their helping ability.
Child care work cannot be evaluated entirely in terms of job satisfaction and rewards, because we are dealing with people. Experiences which enhance effectiveness in child care appear very random and inconsistent. Many child care workers still lack the professional knowledge which would enable them to assess their own everyday effectiveness. Supervision is frequently neither rendered by skilled personnel nor readily available, and much supervision is exclusively problem-focused. Thus the worker is left without a realistic evaluation of his work.
The child care worker has constantly to process a great amount of information with great speed. Subtle nuance might be of vital importance. There are masses of verbal and non-verbal information, environmental conditions, the programme and immediate demands of the day, the history and treatment plan of each child, etc. The task of the child care worker is the use of the everyday environment as a support for the child's individual growth while completing the tasks essential for organised group living.
No place to hide
Daily practice is most often open to the view of superior colleagues, children, and occasionally to parents and even the community at large. There are few places to hide errors and bad days. There is no office door to close at five in the afternoon. In addition the child care worker is expected to serve as a model for the children.
It is often a fault of child care to try to put one's own experience of childhood at the service of the child, and to share some sort of empathic tension. Mattingly stresses that "workers remain fully adult, not identifying with the child nor allowing the child to be an inappropriate participant in their own psychological conflicts, while nevertheless remaining in touch with childhood perceptions and feelings. Negative emotions such as anger, guilt and potential loss of control are almost common. These are not congruent with the image of a helper of children and frighten many workers, particularly at the beginning of practice."
"For a live-in worker, limited opportunities for withdrawal, psychological repair and personal recovery are provided. Interpersonal interactions are also very intense. Living quarters may allow constant intrusions of children's noises. Personal phone calls and visits, as well as the security of personal possessions, may be severely limited." Off-time is constantly interrupted and it is impossible to lock oneself in one's room. These only serve to intensify all the stress producing influences.
The child care worker is expected to sustain some sort of professional identity with little support from the community. The common conception of the child care worker as babysitter, martyr or disciplinarian reflect the inaccurate understanding of the profession.
There are three basic components of burn-out which have been identified and measured, and these are emotional exhaustion, depersonalisation and lack of personal accomplishment. In addition, each person's stress response has a unique individual pattern of symptoms, behaviours and attitudes.
According to Mattingly, "burn-out frequently begins as a vague, subtle experience of discontent. The worker begins to have doubts about his caring work. He may feel inadequate to and overwhelmed by the tasks which confront him, and feel a growing, uncomfortable rigidity in his thinking and behaviour. He may be irritable, labile in moods, less empathetic, and behave, on occasion, in ways which are incongruent with his values or self-image as a helper of children. This experience is frequently confronted alone, and the worker often comes to the conclusion that he is unfit for the work he has chosen. A severe fracture of professional identity is a common result."
A decrease in the distinction between the time and place for personal life as well as a diminished distinction between the psychological needs of the worker and child may signal 'burn-out'. This is a hazard especially for the young worker. He may, more and more, rely on his 'work' to meet his personal needs. He lacks the energy and motivation to develop and sustain a rewarding personal life. It is often also quite impossible to develop a personal life because of the structure of the system, so he reconciles himself to his work as his only support.
Don't rock our boat
Another sign of 'burn-out' might be a certain rigidity and stubborn resistance to change. Personal resources are diminished and workers find themselves without flexibility. Sticking to old habits is far less stressful and any departure from the usual work pattern or any proposed innovations are experienced as personally intolerable.
A major source of support for the child care worker is trust in ones colleagues and reliance on their skills, goodwill and ability to help in the evaluation of ones work. The loss of trust in other members of the working team and the assumption of a self-sufficient attitude, often the result of overestimation isolates the worker from his colleagues and requires more energy, thus hastening 'burn-out'.
Excessive stress is also likely to manifest itself in physical symptoms. Health problems begin or intensify during the burning-out process. "An increase in accidents and injuries has also been speculated, as well as an increase in the use of escape routes such as food, tobacco, alcohol, and other mood-altering or tranquilizing drugs."
Stress resistance and recovery
An increase in workers' capacity for stress resistance and recovery can preserve their freedom to sustain a caring commitment and/or to follow the directions of their personal development. It is easy to imagine the ideal state and wish it upon oneself, but effective stress management requires careful practical and disciplined planning. Factors which should be considered include the following:
A lot more can be said about the stress which each child care worker experiences. It is an area of concern which still needs a lot of investigation and proposed solutions. Unfortunately it is a slow process of which we must be a part. It is important for every child care worker to have the opportunity to propose alternative organisation and to face change. Stress can never be totally eradicated, but a degree of management and the alleviation of its ill-effects is possible.
This article is reprinted from The Child Care Worker, Vol.2 No.1 April 1984, pages 5-8 | <urn:uuid:c0500c4a-cd40-4bd3-b469-029174552e4b> | CC-MAIN-2022-40 | https://cyc-net.org/profession/readarounds/ra-whitehead.html | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-40/segments/1664030335424.32/warc/CC-MAIN-20220930020521-20220930050521-00776.warc.gz | en | 0.969298 | 1,959 | 2.765625 | 3 |
What is VCarve?
VCarve is a powerful software program for 2.5D milling.
In machining, 2.5D refers to an object that is a projection of a 2D plane into the third dimension. Although the object itself is three-dimensional, it cannot have 3D contours, which are smooth transitions between different heights of the material. An example of a contour would be a smooth, upside-down bowl shape. A 2.5D shape also can’t have undercuts, which are areas below the material surface that would need to be machined from underneath.
VCarve is ideal for projects such as flat cut-out shapes; engravings in wood, metal, and wax; signs and stencils; and press-fit projects like dovetail boxes and inlay.
Where do I get VCarve?
You can download a free trial and see all the features VCarve has to offer at the official Vectric site. VCarve is presently only available for Windows, but the G-code files you create can be imported into our software.
How do I create a file in VCarve?
Before you start a project, you’ll want to make sure you have a basic working knowledge of CAD and CAM. With that said, VCarve does make it reasonably accessible, even for the inexperienced. For tips on getting started, VCarve has video tutorials available online. For a more general explanation of CAD and CAM, our CAD and CAM support guide can help, as well as our Basic Project Workflow guide.
VCarve has a combination of CAD and CAM capability. This means you can design in the software entirely, or you can import a bitmap image, trace it, save as a vector, and use the VCarve CAM functions to create the toolpaths.
1. Set the dimensions of your material and start designing your image.
VCarve comes with a variety of design tools that are similar to design tools you might find in a graphics program. The most common tools are for making circles, lines, and arcs, which can then be transformed with VCarve’s various selection tools.
There are also options for precise alignment with the material, cutting and pasting, and measuring elements of your design to line up with the real dimensions of the material you’re cutting, rotating, and scaling.
Special features of the VCarve design mode include nifty things like nesting small design elements within larger ones to conserve material, arraying identical copies of your design across the material, and creating elements that optimize the way the tool interacts with the material.
2. Turn your CAD design into toolpaths.
When the CAD portion of your project is done, in the CAM portion of VCarve, turn your artwork into toolpaths that can be cut with the tools of your choice. Start by clicking on the Toolpaths tab in the upper right-hand corner of the VCarve window. The Toolpaths menu will expand.
Highlight the vectors you’d like to cut, and use the toolpath planning panel to select the type of cut and the tool you’d like to cut with. For this project, we selected the 2D profile toolpath for the outline, a set of pockets for the eyes, and engraving with cross-hatching for the nose.
For the 2D profile pictured above, we selected the tool and set the RPM and feed rate we wanted for this material (“speeds and feeds” in machining shorthand). Speeds and feeds are how the tool interacts with the material to achieve the effect you want for the job you’re doing. Speed and feeds can vary based on the tool, project, material, and the way you want to cut.
If you’re new to machining, it might be a little overwhelming to understand how feeds and speeds work or know where to start. There are many resources on the internet on how to properly calculate speeds and feeds. We also offer recommended speeds and feeds for many materials in the Materials guides on our Support page.
VCarve has the capability to save tool profiles, so you can label and use the tooling you need without having to set up the values over and over. You can create toolpaths that use different kinds of cutting operations but that use the same tool and then combine them later into one file. Toolpaths that use different kinds of tools to create a specific effect should be exported as individual files, one per tool.
Once you’ve created the toolpaths to your specifications, you can preview them in VCarve’s 3D view:
4. Save and export the toolpaths.
Once the preview is acceptable, save the toolpaths and export them using our custom Othermill post-processor for VCarve. Unzip the file, and place it in the folder where other post-processors for VCarve are saved. Restart the program, and your post should be available in the post-processor menu.
5. Import into the software and cut.
Import your newly created G-code directly into Bantam Tools Desktop Milling Machine Software and get ready to cut! All the files can be imported into the software together.
Once you’ve set up and cut your file, you have a nice finished piece you made yourself, from the materials you love.
Other Projects Made with VCarve | <urn:uuid:31c7d0e0-7a34-4839-b880-e62315c7f6e5> | CC-MAIN-2018-05 | https://support.bantamtools.com/hc/en-us/articles/115001668333-VCarve | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2018-05/segments/1516084893397.98/warc/CC-MAIN-20180124050449-20180124070449-00689.warc.gz | en | 0.925886 | 1,140 | 3.140625 | 3 |
A missing Russian Imperial Navy cruiser said to contain 200 tons of gold bullion worth an estimated $133 billion has been discovered after being lost at sea for 113 years.
The wreck of the Dmitrii Donskoi, a 6,200-ton warship that went down during the Russo-Japanese war of 1904-05, was discovered on July 15 about 0.8 miles (1.3 km) from the shores of Ulleungdo, a South Korean island located 75 miles (120 km) east of the Korean Peninsula, the Telegraph reports. The ship was found under 1,400 feet of water (430 meters) by an international consortium led by a South Korean salvage team called the Shinil Group.
Launched on March 28, 1881, the Dmitrii Donskoi was the first Russian armored cruiser. It was designed to attack merchant ships, and was capable of raising a full set of sails to conserve coal consumption. On May 29, 1905, the ship was deliberately sunk by its captain, Ivan Lebedev, after taking serious damage during the Battle of Tsushima. The crew had been ordered ashore at Ulleungdo the day before. The ship is rumored to contain 5,500 boxes of gold bullion amounting to 150 trillion won, or $133 billion, according to the Telegraph.
Using a pair of robotic subs, the Shinil Group captured footage of the sunken ship, revealing extensive damage caused during its encounter with Japanese warships, along with cannons, deck guns, the anchor, and the ship’s navigation wheel. The images also showed what appeared to be cyrillic letters on the ship, indicating its Russian origin.
The joint salvage team, which also involves experts from China, Canada, and the UK, says it plans to collect as much treasure from the ship as possible, and give half to the Russian government. The group says it’ll donate 10 percent to the South Korean government for the purpose of transforming Ulleungdo island into a tourist destination.
These plans are all fine and well, except that the Shinil Group hasn’t yet applied for salvage rights with South Korea’s Ministry of Maritime Affairs and Fisheries. It’s not clear if approval will be granted, or if the Shinil Group’s terms, as its outlined them, will be honored. South Korean law requires salvage companies to deposit 10 percent of the estimated value of a shipwreck prior to starting its salvage works, according to the Korea Herald. If that’s the case, and given the estimates of how much gold is still on board, the Shinil Group would have to pay a 15 trillion won, or $13.2 billion, deposit before it can get to work. Naturally, the Shinil Group disagrees with this assessment, saying it found a ship, and not a treasure, so the value is closer to 1.2 billion won ($1 million), leading to a more modest deposit of 120 million won, or about $105,540. The salvage group says it’ll be making a formal salvage claim later this week.
This may be a lot of fuss about nothing. Russian experts say it’s highly unlikely that so much gold would’ve been placed into one basket, arguing that it would have been safer, and much wiser, to move such huge amounts of gold by train, the Telegraph reports. What’s more, the Dmitrii Donskoi, which was packed with 12 artillery guns, 1,600 tons of coal, and hundreds of sailors, couldn’t possibly have had enough room for the rumored number of boxes of gold.
Even if the ship contains the gold, it’s not immediately obvious that the Shinil Group will be able to stake its claim. The governments of Russia and Japan will likely have strong opinions about the true owner of this alleged treasure.
Correction: An earlier version of this post incorrectly stated the value of the gold at $133 million. It’s actually $133 billion. | <urn:uuid:bfa13500-b523-4cf4-983d-ac665c74e43c> | CC-MAIN-2018-43 | https://gizmodo.com/sunken-russian-warship-rumored-to-contain-200-tons-of-g-1827728146 | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2018-43/segments/1539583511175.9/warc/CC-MAIN-20181017132258-20181017153758-00197.warc.gz | en | 0.965266 | 828 | 2.671875 | 3 |
Deep Breathing Worksheet
Worksheet published on December 5th, 2017
Worksheet updated on January 4th, 2021
We all know that sometimes life can get overwhelming. Whether it is stress at work, home, or from an unexpected circumstance that causes us to feel overwhelmed. Whatever the case, it is important to know how to manage the feelings of stress, anxiety, fatigue, and depressed mood that comes with difficult circumstances.
We all have our own way of coping, but research has found that regularly performing deep breathing exercises significantly reduces the symptoms of stress we feel.
About This Worksheet
This is a Deep Breathing worksheet. On this worksheet, you will find 4 deep breathing exercises that have been found to significantly reduce symptoms of stress. The four breathing exercises found on this worksheet are:
- 10-second breaths
- Chest Breaths
- Belly Breaths
- 4-7-8 breaths
Each are commonly used in meditative exercises, along with therapeutic DBT work for stress management. This worksheet provides simple steps on how to perform these four popular forms of meditative breathing.
This worksheet is a guide of how to perform each type of breath work. On this worksheet the user is provided with step-by-step instructions on how to properly perform the breaths. This worksheet is great for group settings and for teaching individual clients how to use breathing to reduce the feelings of stress and manage racing negative thoughts. It will also help with learning emotional regulation skills.
Work through each step of the exercises together with your client or group in order to teach them how to properly perform the breaths. Provide your client or group members with a copy of this worksheet to use outside of the clinical setting. | <urn:uuid:a944a9ad-1c58-45d8-9a74-5bd8fbebcd61> | CC-MAIN-2021-43 | https://www.psychpoint.com/mental-health/worksheets/deep-breathing/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2021-43/segments/1634323587719.64/warc/CC-MAIN-20211025154225-20211025184225-00563.warc.gz | en | 0.948314 | 355 | 3.21875 | 3 |
Jeff Nivala has always found inspiration in nature. “Even the most complex human-made machines cannot compare to what biology is able to build,” he says. “We as humans have a long way to go in advancing technology to rival that of what we’re made of.” Jeff is up to the challenge though. And while his ideas are big, the scale of his work is quite small—nano to be exact. He’s fascinated with the idea of tinkering and building new things at a molecular scale. Jeff is a Research Scientist at the University of Washington currently working on new ways to read and write data using nanotechnology and biology. As part of his Postdoc research at Harvard, he and his colleagues developed a way to store data, such as images and even a GIF, in live bacteria by using an encoding method inspired by Mother Nature. It may sound a little gimmicky to the general public (especially the GIF part), but for the scientific community this innovative, creative experiment redefined current technological limits.
Creativity is key when you’re exploring the intersection of technology and biology in ways no one has before. Creativity, and a little thing called CRISPR. If you’ve somehow missed the CRISPR hype, CRISPR is a molecular tool that be used to permanently edit specific sections of a living organism’s genome by exploiting the natural way bacteria protect themselves from infections. When a virus attacks a bacterium, the bacterium cuts a segment of the virus’ DNA and pastes it into a specific part of its own DNA. If the same type of virus attacks again, the bacterium will now be able to recognize the virus and fight it. When the bacterium reproduces, the virus’ DNA segment will also be passed on.
Jeff and his coworkers used CRISPR to engineer some pretty cool technology and prove that it’s possible to store non-genetic material in DNA. In their case, they chose to store a black and white image of a hand and a five-frame GIF of a galloping horse in E. coli. They were able to then “view” the images and GIF with 90% accuracy by sequencing the bacteria’s genome. These proof of concept experiments pushed the technical limits of CRISPR to show that this type of complex information storage is possible and earned the group papers in Science (2016) and Nature (2017).
Now that they’ve shown that it’s possible to store more complex information, the next goal is to enable cells to store information in their genomes about their own functions. They want to use similar technology to enable neurons to record information about their own development process so the researchers can study how the brain develops. It’s this kind of out of the box thinking that is helping Jeff and his colleagues to take technologies in new directions that wouldn’t be possible using conventional materials such as metal, silicon, or plastic.
Jeff has been involved in synthetic biology since his undergraduate days at the University of Washington where he was part of its first International Genetically Engineered Machines (iGEM) team in 2008. For his PhD at the University of California, Santa Cruz, he developed a way to identify proteins at the single-molecule level using nanopore sensing technology, which he exclusively licensed to Oxford Nanopore Technologies. Jeff then moved to the east coast for his Postdoc at Harvard Medical School where he did the CRISPR data storage research in George Church’s lab. After finishing his Postdoc, Jeff decided to return to the University of Washington. At Washington, Jeff is continuing to do cutting-edge information storage research. “[Washington] is a great environment for me to pursue my own research passions,” he says.
Jeff is making headlines with his research, and it even earned him a place on Forbes Magazine’s 2017 “30 under 30: Science.” He plans to continue pushing the limits of technology and engineering. At this point in his career, he’s not ruling out a move to industry or conducting research outside of an academic environment. Jeff is just focused on following his interests. “My career goals have always been the same: To have a job with freedom to do cool science that I think is interesting. The title of the position, or whether it’s in academia or industry doesn’t really matter to me.” He hopes that his work inspires others to take a creative approach and think about technology in a new light. “Human history is really a story of technology,” he explains. “That’s why I think it’s important to constantly push tech into new research directions. Engineering with biology has a promising future.” | <urn:uuid:e792ffa6-39cc-46b2-a4fb-99dd6dfee526> | CC-MAIN-2023-06 | https://academicpositions.com/career-advice/turning-live-bacteria-into-usb-drives | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2023-06/segments/1674764500294.64/warc/CC-MAIN-20230205224620-20230206014620-00079.warc.gz | en | 0.958192 | 989 | 3.34375 | 3 |
Journalism has embraced digital media in its struggle to survive. But most online journalism just translates existing practices to the Web: stories are written and edited as they are for print; video and audio features are produced as they would be for television and radio. The authors of Newsgames propose a new way of doing good journalism: videogames.
Videogames are native to computers rather than a digitized form of prior media. Games simulate how things work by constructing interactive models; journalism as game involves more than just revisiting old forms of news production. The book describes newsgames that can persuade, inform, and titillate; make information interactive; recreate a historical event; put news content into a puzzle; teach journalism; and build a community. Wired magazine’s game Cutthroat Capitalism, for example, explains the economics of Somali piracy by putting the player in command of a pirate ship, offering choices for hostage negotiation strategies. And Powerful Robot’s game September 12th offers a model for a short, quickly produced, and widely distributed editorial newsgame.
Videogames do not offer a panacea for the ills of contemporary news organizations. But if the industry embraces them as a viable method of doing journalism—not just an occasional treat for online readers—newsgames can make a valuable contribution.
See on mitpress.mit.edu | <urn:uuid:b68aeaf2-1406-4894-bb0c-1daaa2fd73f8> | CC-MAIN-2020-50 | https://tonocas.wordpress.com/tag/juegos/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2020-50/segments/1606141715252.96/warc/CC-MAIN-20201202175113-20201202205113-00145.warc.gz | en | 0.930388 | 276 | 2.953125 | 3 |
Veins are blood vessels that return blood to the heart and lungs so it can be re-oxygenated. This means that blood in the veins should move up and out of the legs towards the heart. There are two mechanisms which counteract gravity and promote blood flow up the veins: the calf muscles and one way valves. Each time the calf muscles contract with activities such as walking, it squeezes the veins in the legs forcing blood to move in an upwards direction (towards the heart). Once blood is squeezed up the legs, the one way valves close preventing blood from flowing backwards in the veins (towards the feet).
There are two systems of veins at work in the legs: the deep system and the superficial system. The deep system veins are of a large diameter and are situated close to the bone, surrounded by muscle. The superficial system veins are located in the fat tissue under the skin, and at times are visible. These two systems meet at two junctions, one at the groin and the other behind the knee, and also through a series of connecting veins called perforators.
Click one of the links below to learn more about the different types of vein disease. | <urn:uuid:ad3a0ef4-5263-4355-9eb2-06d09a837b73> | CC-MAIN-2021-39 | https://www.wivein.com/how-leg-veins-work/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2021-39/segments/1631780053759.24/warc/CC-MAIN-20210916204111-20210916234111-00389.warc.gz | en | 0.963085 | 241 | 3.96875 | 4 |
Principles of metrology a five-day workshop covering the essential knowledge required to be productive in calibrating test instrumentation generaltechnology. In this context, the course deals with the basic principles of dimensional measuring instruments and precision measurement techniques nptel syllabus - metrology. Basic metrology principles free download pdf basic weighing measuring training principles, module 7 - basic weighing measuring principles module 1 - introduction. Here you will find current titles from beuth verlag on standardization, technical principles, metrology (general, terminology, standardization, documentation.
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Thu, 14 jun 2018 03:51:00 gmt principles of engineering metrology pdf - engineers in dimensional metrology and students of mechanical engineering and. Some meteorological principles air quality meteorology – online course that introduces the basic concepts of meteorology and air quality necessary to. According to the the international vocabulary of general and basic terms in metrology (vim), metrology is the science and practice of measurement metrology is. Thin film metrology viscosity basic principles of particle size analysis basic principles of particle size analysis. | <urn:uuid:bb0e1789-7ed5-4d46-8b74-e3af36b0fc1c> | CC-MAIN-2018-43 | http://qbhomeworkgdug.macrophytes.info/basic-principles-of-metrology.html | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2018-43/segments/1539583511365.50/warc/CC-MAIN-20181018001031-20181018022531-00477.warc.gz | en | 0.850718 | 727 | 3.140625 | 3 |
Below is the definition for the word you requested, useful for Scrabble and other word games. To find more definitions please use the dictionary page.
the psychological feature that arouses an organism to action toward a desired goal; the reason for the action; that which gives purpose and direction to behavior; "we did not understand his motivation"; "he acted with the best of motives"
anything that is necessary but lacking; "he had sufficient means to meet his simple needs"; "I tried to supply his wants"
have need of; "This piano wants the attention of a competent tuner"
a condition requiring relief; "she satisfied his need for affection"; "God has no need of men to accomplish His work"; "there is a demand for jobs"
have or feel a need for; "always needing friends and money"
a state of extreme poverty or destitution; "their indigence appalled him"; "a general state of need exists among the homeless"
require as useful, just, or proper; "It takes nerve to do what she did"; "success usually requires hard work"; "This job asks a lot of patience and skill"; "This position | <urn:uuid:f64f524e-b048-4c92-8a52-d8e44bc84e0f> | CC-MAIN-2015-32 | http://www.crosswordsolver.org/definition/N/need | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2015-32/segments/1438042986022.41/warc/CC-MAIN-20150728002306-00080-ip-10-236-191-2.ec2.internal.warc.gz | en | 0.960788 | 241 | 3.15625 | 3 |
Water Production Tests
Having a water production test run on your well is an essential step to making sure you will have water when you need it. Typically a family of 4 will use 400 gallons of water a day. A production test will tell you the gallons per minute that the well produces along with how much is in the column of water that is stored in the well (think of this as the wells internal reservoir). Essentially after performing this test, we can tell you if you have enough water to irrigate a field or have a large family reunion or event at your home along with many other scenarios. This can also tell us if we need to install a reservoir. If you have a well that does not produce enough water for all of your needs; a reservoir would allow more water to be stored for when it is needed if you have a low producing well. | <urn:uuid:4f04b67d-5160-47c6-8b1d-db7d50b7410f> | CC-MAIN-2021-25 | https://www.blueridgewaterworks.com/water-production-tests | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2021-25/segments/1623487647232.60/warc/CC-MAIN-20210619081502-20210619111502-00362.warc.gz | en | 0.97247 | 172 | 3.140625 | 3 |
What is Open Glenoid Bone Grafting?
The glenoid, also called the glenoid cavity or glenoid fossa, is a shallow depression in the shoulder blade (scapula) that connects the upper arm bone (humerus) with the collar bone (clavicle).
Open glenoid bone grafting is a surgical procedure in which a damaged area of the glenoid (with bone loss or missing bone) is replaced with a bone graft (healthy bone tissue) obtained from your body, such as the iliac crest, or with an allograft, a synthetic, artificial, or natural bone substitute. It is an open surgery to correct problems related to the glenoid bone or cavity. The main objective of a glenoid bone graft surgery is to build up the shoulder socket so that it offers more stability for the shoulder joint.
Anatomy of the Shoulder
Your shoulder joint (glenohumeral joint) is a ball and socket joint made up of the upper arm bone, the shoulder blade, and the collarbone. The head of the upper arm bone fits into the socket of the shoulder joint known as the glenoid cavity. The outer edge of the glenoid is surrounded by a strong fibrous tissue called the labrum, which provides some depth to the socket, increasing the stability of the joint. Stability is further enhanced by ligaments that form a capsule around the joint, as well as muscles and tendons which center the humeral head in the socket.
Indications for Open Glenoid Bone Grafting
Open glenoid bone grafting is usually indicated for bony instability, also known as shoulder instability or glenohumeral instability, a condition in which a significant inability to retain the head of the humerus in the glenoid socket is noted because the socket of the shoulder is compromised. In order to address this instability, deepening of the socket with bone graft is undertaken to provide much-needed stability.
Some of the other indications that may warrant open glenoid bone grafting include:
- Anterior shoulder instability
- Chronic shoulder dislocation
- Bankart tear or injury
- Hill-Sachs fracture or Hill-Sachs lesion
- SLAP tear
Preparation for Open Glenoid Bone Grafting
Preoperative preparation for open glenoid bone grating will involve the following steps:
- A thorough examination by your doctor to check for any medical issues that need to be addressed prior to surgery.
- Depending on your medical history, social history, and age, you may need to undergo tests such as blood work and imaging to help detect any abnormalities that could threaten the safety of the procedure.
- You will be asked if you have allergies to medications, anesthesia, or latex.
- You should inform your doctor of any medications, vitamins, or supplements that you are taking.
- You should refrain from medications or supplements such as blood thinners, aspirin, or anti-inflammatory medicines for a week or two prior to surgery.
- You should refrain from alcohol or tobacco at least 24 hours prior to surgery.
- You should not consume any solids or liquids at least 8 hours prior to surgery.
- Arrange for someone to drive you home as you will not be able to drive yourself post surgery.
- A written consent will be obtained from you after the surgical procedure has been explained in detail.
Procedure for Open Glenoid Bone Grafting
The procedure for open glenoid bone graft surgery involves the following steps:
- Anesthesia is administered to make sure you do not feel any discomfort or pain during the procedure.
- After cleaning the shoulder area, a surgical cut is made through the skin and muscles surrounding the glenoid.
- An additional cut is made in an area, such as the pelvis bone or leg bone to harvest your bone graft unless allograft substitute is used.
- A small proportion of bone is removed from that area using special instruments.
- The bone graft is then inserted into the section of the glenoid with bone loss or missing bone and allowed to grow.
- Your surgeon might also use pins, plates, or screws to secure the bone graft in place.
- Your surgeon undertakes any other repairs that may be required accordingly.
- Finally, the incision around the glenoid bone is surgically closed along with the area where the bone graft was harvested, if applicable.
Postoperative Care Instructions and Recovery
In general, postoperative care instructions and recovery after open glenoid bone grafting involves the following steps:
- You will be transferred to the recovery area to be monitored until you are awake from the anesthesia.
- Your nurse will monitor your blood oxygen level and other vital signs as you recover.
- You may notice some pain, swelling, and discomfort in the shoulder area. Pain and anti-inflammatory medications are provided as needed.
- You may also apply ice packs on the shoulder to help reduce swelling.
- Use a pillow under your shoulder while lying in bed for comfort.
- Medications will also be prescribed as needed for symptoms associated with anesthesia, such as vomiting and nausea.
- Antibiotics are prescribed for risk of infection associated with surgery.
- Keep your surgical site clean and dry. Instructions on surgical site care and bathing will be provided.
- Refrain from smoking as it can negatively affect the healing process.
- Eating a healthy diet rich in vitamin D is strongly advised to promote healing and a faster recovery.
- Refrain from strenuous activities, lifting heavy weights, and driving for the first 6 weeks. Gradual increase in activities over a period of time is recommended.
- An individualized physical therapy protocol is designed to help strengthen your shoulder muscles and optimize shoulder function.
- You will be able to resume your normal activities in a couple of months; however, return to sports may take anywhere from 4 to 6 months.
- A periodic follow-up appointment will be scheduled to monitor your progress.
Risks and Complications of Open Glenoid Bone Grafting
Open glenoid bone grafting is a relatively safe procedure; however, as with any surgery, there are risks and complications that could occur, such as:
- Rejection of bone graft
- Damage to nerves or blood vessels
- Poor bone healing
- Instability or stiffness of the joint
- Wear or loosening of the bone graft
- Surgical revision
- Anesthetic complications | <urn:uuid:0162fac6-4113-4098-98be-4f9419cf08cb> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://www.curtisbushmd.com/open-glenoid-bone-grafting-orthopedic-surgeon-fort-worth-tx.html | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882571758.42/warc/CC-MAIN-20220812200804-20220812230804-00654.warc.gz | en | 0.92314 | 1,357 | 3.015625 | 3 |
Islamic Guidance On 22 Different Kinds Of Extremism
Mohamad Mostafa Nassar
Islam today is perceived as an extreme religion. Little do people know that Islam forbids all kinds of evil and guides Muslims to be away from all sorts of immoderate activity (viz. excessiveness, hairsplitting, pedantry, fanaticism) and provides guidance on all walks of life so that there is complete harmony in society.
The teachings of Quran & The Prophet (pbuh) touches all parts of human life, and applies even in the 21st century. A true Muslim is modest, upright, moderate, fair, has equity and balance in both religious as well as worldly dealings.
The Prophet (pbuh) said, “Do not be extremist in your religion” ~ Bukhari 39 | Muslim 2816.
This post attempts to demonstrate different shades of extremism. Islam prohibits extremism in all forms. In terms of wealth/money it may mean hoarding wealth or spending too much. In terms of food it means overindulging too much or eating extremely little which affects one’s health.
In terms of family, it would mean neglecting the family and caring too much about others. Whatever the situation may be, a Muslim is expected to take a middle path and be moderate in all their worldly dealings.
The Prophet (pbuh) said, “… be moderate in your religious deeds and do the deeds that are within your ability.” ~ Bukhari 75/34
What’s outlined below are the select few areas where a believer is supposed to exercise restraint based on the teachings of The Quran and Prophet Muhammad (pbuh).
This is not an exhaustive list.
>> Extremism #1: Do not kill any innocent
Quran 5:32 ~ If anyone killed a person, not in retaliation of murder or to spread mischief in land, it would be as if he has killed all mankind. And if anyone saved a life, it would be as if he saved the life of all mankind.
>> Extremism #2: Do not abort/ kill a child
Quran 6:151 | 17: 31 ~ Do not kill your children for fear of poverty, It is We who provide for them as well as for you. Killing them is surely a grave sin.
>> Extremism #3: Do not deal unjustly with Non-Muslims
The Prophet (pbuh) said, “Whoever kills a person from among Ahl Adh-Dhimmah, he will not smell the fragrance of Paradise.” ~ Nasai 45/45. Ahl Adh-Dhimmah are non-Muslims who are living under Muslim protection.
Quran 6:108 ~ Do not insult those whom they worship besides Allah.
>> Extremism #4: Do not be proud of yourself
Quran 4:36 | 31:18 | 16:23 ~ Indeed Allah does not like those who are proud and boastful.
The Prophet (pbuh) said, “Whoever has an iota of pride in his/her heart will not enter paradise.” ~ Sahih Muslim
On the contrary a Muslim is highly recommended to be modest and humble.
The Prophet (pbuh) said, “Every religion has a character and the character of Islam is modesty.” ~ Muwatta Malik 47/2/9
The Prophet (pbuh) said, “Modesty and belief are together. If one of them is removed, the other is removed.”
>> Extremism #5: Do not be unfair in battlefield
Following are the instructions by The Prophet (pbuh) to his army before engaging in a battle,
- “Do not kill any child, any woman, or any elder or sick person.” ~ Abu Dawud.
- “Do not practice treachery or mutilation.” ~ Al Muwatta.
- “Do not uproot or burn palms or cut down fruitful trees.” ~ Al-Muwatta
- “Do not slaughter an animal except for food.” ~ Al-Muwatta
- “Do not kill the monks in monasteries, and do not kill those sitting in places of worship.” ~ Musnad Ahmad Ibn Hanbal
- “Do not destroy the villages/town, do not spoil the cultivated fields/gardens, and do not slaughter the cattle.” ~ Sahih Bukhari | Abu Dawud
>> Extremism #6: Do not sin or transgress
Quran 5:2 ~ Do not assist each other in sin and transgression.
Quran 6:120 ~ Leave (all kinds of) sin, open and secret. Verily those who commit sin will get due recompense (in Qiyamat) for what they used to commit.
>> Extremism #7: Do not be merciless
The Prophet (pbuh) said, “Allah will not be merciful to those who are not merciful to mankind.” ~ Bukhari 7376
The Prophet (pbuh) said, “He who does not show mercy to the young and show esteem for elders is not one of us.” ~ Bukhari 360
>> Extremism #8: Do not waste food, overeat or waste stuff
Quran 7:31 ~ “… and eat and drink but waste not by extravagance. Surely He does not love the extravagant.”
The Prophet (pbuh) said, “If one must eat then let him fill one third of his stomach with food, one third with drink and leave one third for air.” ~ Tirmidhi 1381
In addition to the above 1/3rd rule, another hadith indicates the difference between a person who eats less vs who eats full stomach. The Prophet (pbuh) has equated those who eat stomach full with Non-Muslims or hypocrites. And Quran 4:145 says a hypocrite will burn in the lowest depths of (hell) fire. See #10 here. The wisdom behind not eating full stomach is that it saves the believer from unwanted diseases or sickness, particularly obesity which leads to high BP, diabetes, heart problems and others.
The Prophet (pbuh) said,
A believer eats in one intestine (is satisfied with a little food) and a kafir or a hypocrite eats in seven intestines (eats too much) ~ Bukhari 70/22
Quran 17:27 ~ Indeed, the wasteful are brothers of the devils.
>> Extremism #9: Do not envy/ hate one another
The Prophet (pbuh) said, “Do not envy one another, do not hate one another, do not sever ties with one another, do not turn your backs on one another.” ~ Ibn Majah 3849
The Prophet (pbuh) said, “Avoid envy, for envy devours good deeds just as fire devours firewood.” ~ Abu Dawud 16/1522
>> Extremism #10: Do not idle talk or speak excessively
The Prophet (pbuh) said, “He who believes in Allah and the last day must either speak good or remain silent.” ~ Muslim 18/1511
The Prophet (pbuh) used to rarely engage in idle talk. ~ Nasai 14/51
>> Extremism #11: Do not argue or insult others
Quran 3:134 ~ Those who restrain anger and pardon people, verily Allah loves the doers of good.
The Prophet (pbuh) said, “The strong is not the one who overcomes the people by his strength, but the strong is the one who controls himself while in anger.” ~ Bukhari 8/135
Quran 25:63 ~ And when the ignorant speak with them, they say peace.
Quran 49:11 ~ Do not insult one another and do not call each other by (offensive) nicknames.
>> Extremism #12: Do not be racist
The Prophet (pbuh) said in his last sermon, “An Arab has no superiority over a non-Arab nor a non-Arab has any superiority over an Arab. Also a white has no superiority over a black, nor a black has any superiority over a white. Except piety and good action.”
>> Extremism #13: Do not breach privacy of others
Quran 24:27 ~ Enter not houses other than your own, until you have asked permission and saluted those in them.
The Prophet (pbuh) said, “If someone is peeping into your house without your permission and you throw a stone at him and destroy his eyes, there will be no blame on you.” ~ Bukhari 9/83/26
The Prophet (pbuh) said, “He who seeks to listen to the talk of a people (secretly) will have a molten lead poured into his ears on the day of resurrection.” ~ Riyad as-Salihin 18/34
>> Extremism #14: Do not be a miser or be a spendthrift
Quran 9:34 ~ Those who hoard gold and silver and spend not in the way of Allah, announce them a painful punishment.
Quran 17:29 ~ And let not your hand be tied (like a miser) to your neck, not stretch it forth to its utmost reach (like a spendthrift).
>> Extremism #15: Do not cheat or lie
Quran 39:3 ~ Allah does not guide he who is a liar and a disbeliever.
The Prophet (pbuh) said, “It is forbidden (haram) to lie except in three situations. Something the man tells his wife to please her and vice-a-versa. To lie during a war. To lie in order to bring peace between people.” ~ Muslim 45/130 | Tirmidhi 27/45
Quran 83:1-5 ~ Destruction be to the cheaters, who when they take measure from mankind demand in full, (however) if they measure for people (they sell), they reduce (the weight). Do such people not consider that they will be raised unto an awful day (Qiyamah)?
>> Extremism #16: Do not be unfair in business
There are some fundamental rules, or underlying principles, for doing business the way Allah commands and The Prophet (pbuh) has taught.
The Prophet (pbuh) said, “I will oppose three types of people on Judgment day…” and he listed one as “a man who hired someone, benefited from his labor and then did not pay him the right wages.” ~ Bukhari
The Prophet (pbuh) said, “It is not lawful for a Muslim to sell such a commodity that has a defect, except that the defect is shown to the buyer.” ~ Ibn Majah 3/12/2246
>> Extremism #17: Do not mistreat your wife or ignore your family
Quran 4:19 ~ Do not treat women with harshness … and live with them honorably.
The Prophet (pbuh) never beat any of his servants, or wives, and his hand never hit anything. ~ Ibn Majah 9/2060. This is except when he (pbuh) was in a war fighting the enemies of Allah and he never took revenge for anything unless the things made inviolable by Allah were made violable; he (pbuh) then took revenge for Alalah, the Exalted and Glorious. ~ Muslim 43/108
The Prophet (pbuh) said, “The best of you is he who is best to his family.” ~ Tirmidhi 3252
>> Extremism #18: Do not disobey your husband
The Prophet (pbuh) said, “A woman who disobeyed her husband will be one of the two people who will receive the worst punishment (on the day of resurrection).” ~ Tirmidhi 2/221
>> Extremism #19: Do not ill-treat your neighbor
The Prophet (pbuh) said, “Whosoever believes in Allah and the last day should not hurt his neighbor.” ~ Bukhari 5185
Quran 4:36 ~ be good to your neighbor and the neighbor who is farther away.
The Prophet (pbuh) said, “He is not a Muslim who eats his fill while his neighbor is hungry.” ~ Al-Bayhaqi 19049
>> Extremism #20: Do not be unjust to orphans
Quran 4:10 ~ Those who unjustly eat orphan’s property … they will be burnt in the blazing fire!
Quran 6:152 ~ And come not near the orphan’s property except to improve it.
>> Extremism #21: Do not be harsh on your debtor
Quran 2:280 ~ If the debtor is in financial difficulty, then grant him time till it is easy for him to repay.
>> Extremism #22: Do not be thankless to your Creator – Allah
Salah is the most important mechanism to thank Allah. The Prophet (pbuh) said, “Between a person and Kufr (disbelief) is abandoning the prayer.” ~ Ibn Majah 5/1131
Quran 74:42-43 ~ (It will be said to them) “What led you to Hell fire?” They will say, “We were not of those who prayed.”
Quran 14:7 ~ If you are grateful, I will surely increase you (in favor); but if you deny, indeed, My punishment is severe.
Quran 20:124 ~ And whoever turns away from My remembrance, indeed he will have depressed life and We will gather him on the day of resurrection blind.
Failing to adhere to these basic fundamentals of Islam brings wrath of Allah and leads to trials, calamity and affliction on an individual or on a society.
Credit Fear from Hellfire
Almighty Allah is the highest and most knowledgeable, and the attribution of knowledge to him is the safest.
Right from Almighty Allah and wrong from me and Satan
Prepared by Mohamad Mostafa Nassar
Make sure to copy and email this post for your reference, you might need it later.
Arrogance is not only a sign of insecurity, but also a sign of immaturity. Mature and fully realised persons can get their points across, even emphatically without demeaning or intimidating others. | <urn:uuid:313f76dd-6445-4cc4-9000-4d0e772dff24> | CC-MAIN-2023-06 | https://islamcompass.com/islamic-guidance-on-22-different-kinds-of-extremism/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2023-06/segments/1674764500250.51/warc/CC-MAIN-20230205063441-20230205093441-00338.warc.gz | en | 0.934581 | 3,060 | 2.703125 | 3 |
The U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) today released a user-friendly document to help risk assessors understand how children are exposed to pollution. The document, titled “Highlights of the Child-Specific Exposure Factors Handbook,” serves as a quick-reference guide to the more comprehensive “Child-Specific Exposure Factors Handbook,” published by EPA in 2008. It will serve as an additional resource for those who work on children’s health issues, which the agency has been highlighting during Children’s Health Month.
EPA developed the reference guide to provide important information necessary for answering questions about exposure through drinking water, breathing, and eating foods, such as:
· How much exposure to environmental pollutants might children get if they live or play near contaminated sites?
· How much dirt from a child’s hands might s/he inadvertently eat?
· How much of a child’s exposure to various pollutants might come from skin contact?
· Which age groups (childhood life stages) may inhale or ingest the most and thus may be at higher risks? | <urn:uuid:a2644148-80b1-455b-a6e2-0ca337c9c9f3> | CC-MAIN-2016-18 | http://centerchicago.blogspot.com/2009/10/epa-releases-childrens-exposure.html | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2016-18/segments/1461862134822.89/warc/CC-MAIN-20160428164854-00073-ip-10-239-7-51.ec2.internal.warc.gz | en | 0.935371 | 225 | 3.953125 | 4 |
Is your child lagging behind other children when it comes to talking? Speech therapy for children combines age-appropriate play therapy and language-development education. Our speech therapists work to ensure that each child’s language skills reach his or her appropriate levels.
Speech and communication are the most important skills children need to develop. Early intervention for children with speech and language delays can play a key role in preparing your child for academic success. Speech and language skills are critical for following directions, communicating in the classroom, and developing peer relations. Speech and language competency is also an early predictor for reading readiness.
Signs Your Child May Need Speech Therapy
- Inability to put together simple, two-word phrases by age
- Not being easily understood by family members by age 3
- Inability to talk in fairly complete sentences or to be easily understood by strangers by age 4
- Difficulty interacting in and age-appropriate manner with other children
- Feeding aversions or difficulty handling food orally
How Can Speech Therapy for Children Help Your Child?
- Improves understanding and expression of language
- Advances speech and sound production
- Corrects swallowing patterns to reduce tongue thrust
- Develops reading skills
- Improves communication through the provision of augmentative communication systems
- Develops eating and swallowing skills
- Promotes age appropriate play skills
Common Speech/Language Diagnoses
- Expressive language disorders or delay
- Receptive language disorders or delay
- Articulation and phonological disorders
- Fluency (Stuttering)
- Social communication skills
- Swallowing disorders
- Auditory processing disorders
- Language-based learning disorders
- Oral-motor disorders
- Feeding Disorders
- Motor speech disorders (e.g., childhood apraxia of speech, dysarthria)
- Aural rehabilitation
If you believe your child may benefit from speech therapy, please contact us for a free consultation. | <urn:uuid:edae4098-c916-4b30-82f0-88308f793404> | CC-MAIN-2018-17 | http://www.kidscreektherapy.com/speech-therapy-children/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2018-17/segments/1524125946256.50/warc/CC-MAIN-20180423223408-20180424003408-00507.warc.gz | en | 0.914997 | 397 | 3.671875 | 4 |
Hydroponics is the cultivation of plants and vegetation above ground and in water. The roots are immersed in a neutral and inert substrate (such as clay balls, sand...) which serves as a support. They directly capture the nutrients necessary for their growth in water enriched with a nutrient solution. Unlike conventional hydroponics, bioponics (hydroponics+organic) allows fruits and vegetables to be grown organically without the use of synthetic chemical fertilizers. These are replaced by organic fertilizers such as manure, earthworm, urine or compost juice. | <urn:uuid:b144d62d-b30c-4e08-a45d-4c56eeba44b6> | CC-MAIN-2021-04 | https://wiki.lowtechlab.org/w/index.php?title=Translations:Hydroponie/2/en&oldid=43944 | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2021-04/segments/1610703519883.54/warc/CC-MAIN-20210120023125-20210120053125-00323.warc.gz | en | 0.935488 | 110 | 3 | 3 |
- Roadmap to Resouces
- Tutorial PDF
- Subject Review
- Eutrophication Video
- A Brief History of Pollution
- Point Source
- Nonpoint Source
- Urban and Suburban Areas
- Agricultural Operations
- Atmospheric Inputs
- Forestry and Mining Operations
- Marinas and Boating Activities
- Suspended Sediments
- Pesticides and Toxic Chemicals
- Bacteria, Viruses, and Trash
- Research, Monitoring, and Assessment
- Controlling Nonpoint Source Pollution
- What You Can Do
Categories of Pollution
Pollutants from Nonpoint Sources
Nonpoint Source Pollution
Industrial facilities often discharge pollutants into the atmosphere, typically through some type of smokestack. These airborne pollutants (hydrocarbons, metals, etc.) can travel long distances. The pollutants are then deposited on surfaces (dry deposition) or washed out of the atmosphere in rain or snowfall (wet deposition).
Although the pollutants may have originated from a point source of air pollution such as a factory, the long-range transport and multiple sources of the pollutant make it a nonpoint source of pollution. Scientists estimate that approximately two-thirds of the lead and mercury and over half of the other trace elements that enter the Great Lakes originate from atmospheric inputs (Hill, 1997).
Acid rain has also become a major concern in some areas of the United States. Acid rain is created when sulfur dioxide and nitrogen oxides are discharged from industrial plants that burn fossil fuels like coal, oil, and natural gas. These compounds react with water, oxygen, and other atmospheric compounds to form acid rain.
Acid rain causes a cascade of effects that harm or kill fish and other aquatic organisms. As acid rain flows over and through soils, it releases aluminum into lakes and streams. Increased levels of aluminum are very toxic to fish. In addition, increased levels of aluminum cause fish to become chronically stressed. While chronic stress may not kill individual fish, it leads to lower body weight and smaller size, making the fish less able to compete for food and habitat (USEPA 2003a).
Acid rain also damages forests. For example, acid rain can damage the surfaces of leaves and needles, reduce a tree's ability to withstand cold, and inhibit plant germination and reproduction. Prolonged exposure can cause forest soils to lose valuable nutrients like calcium and magnesium. Lack of nutrients causes trees to grow more slowly or to stop growing altogether. | <urn:uuid:e2ad0da5-ca98-4780-a0ff-0594a5e44cb4> | CC-MAIN-2016-07 | http://oceanservice.noaa.gov/education/tutorial_pollution/07input.html | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2016-07/segments/1454701146241.46/warc/CC-MAIN-20160205193906-00003-ip-10-236-182-209.ec2.internal.warc.gz | en | 0.892606 | 508 | 3.875 | 4 |
Before we delve into the specific APIs that can be used to get local news, it's important to first understand what APIs are and why they play a crucial role in news gathering. API stands for Application Programming Interface. In simple terms, an API is a software intermediary that allows two applications to talk to each other. It serves as a bridge, connecting different software systems and allowing them to interact and share data. In the context of news gathering, APIs can be used to collect and aggregate news from different sources, making it easier to access and consume news in a centralized manner.
Now that we've understood what APIs are, let's dive into what a local news API is. A local news API is a specialized type of API that is designed to collect and aggregate news from local sources. This could be news from local newspapers, TV stations, online news platforms, and more. The main aim of a local news API is to provide users with a single platform where they can access all the local news in their area, instead of having to visit multiple different sources.
The importance of local news APIs cannot be overstated. With the rise of the internet and digital technologies, news consumption has drastically changed. People no longer rely solely on traditional media like newspapers and TV for news. Instead, they are increasingly turning to digital platforms and social media for their news. In this context, local news APIs provide a valuable service. They allow users to access local news from various sources in a single platform, making it easier and more convenient to stay informed about what's happening in their local area.
There are several local news APIs available on the market today. For instance, GNews API allows users to access news from over 40,000 sources worldwide, with options to filter news by region and language. Another example is the NewsAPI, which provides a simple and easy-to-use interface for accessing news from various sources. It offers a variety of parameters for filtering news, including by country, category, and keyword. Other notable examples include ContextualWeb News API and Aylien News API.
Using a local news API is relatively straightforward. The first step is to choose a suitable API based on your needs. Once you've chosen an API, you'll need to sign up and obtain an API key. This key is used to authenticate your requests to the API. After obtaining the key, you can then start making requests to the API to fetch news. Most APIs provide detailed documentation and sample code to help you get started.
Once you've learned how to use a local news API, the next step is to integrate it into your website or app. This process involves using the API's endpoints to fetch news and display it on your website or app. Depending on the API, you may need to write some code to handle the response from the API and format the news in a way that is suitable for your platform. The good news is that most APIs provide comprehensive documentation and support to help you with this task.
The cost of using a local news API can vary greatly depending on the API and the volume of news you intend to fetch. Some APIs offer free tiers with limited usage, while others charge based on the number of requests you make. It's important to carefully review the pricing details of the API before deciding to use it. Keep in mind that while free APIs can be a great way to get started, they often come with limitations and may not be suitable for larger projects.
When using a local news API, it's important to consider privacy and security issues. This is because you'll be handling potentially sensitive data, such as news articles and user information. Make sure to choose an API that uses secure protocols like HTTPS to protect data in transit. Additionally, it's important to handle your API keys securely to prevent unauthorized access to the API. Always store your keys in a secure location and never share them with anyone.
In conclusion, local news APIs are a powerful tool for gathering and consuming local news. They provide a single platform for accessing news from various sources, making it easier and more convenient for users to stay informed about what's happening in their local area. Whether you're a news junkie, a developer looking to integrate news into your website or app, or a business looking to stay on top of local news, a local news API can be a valuable asset. | <urn:uuid:950841bf-401c-4d9b-a122-af4e1964ae42> | CC-MAIN-2023-40 | https://namvenezuela.org/is-there-an-api-to-get-local-news | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2023-40/segments/1695233510983.45/warc/CC-MAIN-20231002064957-20231002094957-00685.warc.gz | en | 0.928822 | 882 | 3.015625 | 3 |
PASARON POR AQUÍ.
New Mexico reminds me a lot of Spain, especially northeast Spain going towards Asturias. Maybe that’s why the early Spanish explorers and settlers sought to make New Mexico into New Spain. In many ways they succeeded. In many ways they were heavy-handed and brutal with the Native Americans.
Nevertheless, as Edward Rutherford points out in Sarum, his novel of England, out of necessity the hunters and settlers of Neolithic England determined that their future lay in cooperation while respecting each other’s ways and mores. We are not yet there in New Mexico, but Rutherford’s novel of England covers thousands of years, time enough to establish cooperation and respect. In my language and linguistic classes over the years I ask students to comment on language as the glue of unity among disparate peoples in a nation. Invariably the conclusion is “no,” language is not the glue of unity, settling instead on “respect” (Aretha Franklin’s R-E-S-P-E-C-T) as the glue of unity.
What remains of the Spanish entradas into New Mexico and what is readily visible is the historical blending of people and the place names they left behind, reminding us que pasaron por aqui—they passed this way. The indigenous peoples of New Mexico did not disappear upon arrival of the Spaniards. Descendants of those people are everywhere in New Mexico. My maternal grandfather Atilano Geronimo Campos was an Apache, and he is with us today in the homologous presence of his grandchildren and their children. His wife Eufracia Gasca, my maternal grandmother, was of Basque origins and she is with us today in the blended presence of her grandchildren and their children in their mitochondrial DNA. Philosophically we can say “this was their future”—their immortality, so to speak.
Their progeny was perhaps their greatest legacy. In New Mexico that progeny has scaled the heights of success in all the professions and disciplines. Les debemos mucho a los quien pasaron por aqui—we owe a lot to those who came before us. This is quite clear in the documentary film North From Mexico which I narrated. Based on Carey McWilliams’ monumental work of 1948 on Mexicans in the United States, the film was produced by Sumner Glimscher for Greenwood Press in 1971. I was privileged to work on the script adaptation of the book with Harold Flender who wrote the script for Paris Blues with Paul Newman and Joanne Woodward. More importantly, perhaps, is that Carey McWilliams recommended me specifically as a consultant to the documentary. My principal role in that effort was to establish and maintain fidelity to the facts of that historical encounter between Spaniards and Indians in New Mexico.
Notwithstanding the politics of her success, Susanna Martinez, the present governor of New Mexico, achieved a stunning victory in her election to the governorship of the state. She is indeed the first Hispanic woman to be governor of a state in the United States. That is an accomplishment of major proportions, no matter the ideology of her politics. How long her tenure will be depends on the color of the state—that is, red or blue. At the moment, New Mexico is a Blue State. Nevertheless, like the rest of us in New Mexico, Governor Martinez is the legatee of those quien pasaron por aqui.
A group spurred by Dorinda Moreno has been busy organizing the 60th anniversary of the film Salt of the Earth shot in Hanover, New Mexico (near Silver City), released in 1954 starring Will Geer and Rosaura Revueltas. While the film is ostensibly about the miners and their strike against the Empire Zinc Company, the film has emerged as a testament to the power of women in the American labor movement. The film was branded “subversive” and was “blacklisted” because it was backed by the International Union of Mine, Mill and Smelter Workers and backed by blacklisted Hollywood professionals who helped produce it. Writers like Dalton Trumbo worked on the script and was blackballed for his efforts by the House Un-American Activities Committee (HUAC) and denounced as a Communist propaganda film by Senator Joseph McCarthy during the dark days of that American Inquisition in ferreting out communists.
What is surprising is that after more than 60 years the strike against the Empire Zinc Company in Hanover, New Mexico, still wields such interest and fascination. This is simply proof of the power of the enduring spirit in the face of adversity. Los mineros (the miners) of the Empire Zinc Company are an important part of our New Mexico heritage—pasaron por aqui—they left their mark here. Since I use the film in my course on The Chicano Experience in the United States I’ve been asked to be a keynote speaker at the 60th anniversary event.
What is spurring my interest these days is the rising use of social media by Latinos not just in the United States but hemispherically. Everywhere around the state ubiquitous cell phones and iPads are communicating with each other. This is not a white/black or ethnic driven phenomenon; it’s part of the human evolution of communication, made all the more significant because it augurs possibilities for a unity of Latinos. The use of social media, according to the pundits, was the winning element in the re-election of President Obama. The trick now is how to make it work for the aspirations of Latino Americans.
One way, evident at the moment, is the instantaneity of the media. Whoever we want to talk to no matter the distance—hay ‘tan, there they are. Electronic mail hastens that process as well. As does facebook and twitter. That part of the media over which we can exercise some measure of control is advantageous to the amelioration of Latino Americans. Mainstream media, however, is a horse of a different color. On Cesar Chavez Day not one mainstream network featured anything about him. Que hacemos? Manos a la obra! What shall we do? Let’s get to work!
Dr. Felipe de Ortego y Gasca, Ph.D. (English, University of New Mexico, ‘71) is
Scholar In Residence and Past Chair of the Department of Chicana/o and Hemispheric Studies,
College of Arts and Sciences, Western New Mexico University and was founding Director of the
Chicano Studies Deaprtment at the University of Texas at El Paso. He is Editor-in-Chief of the
Greenwood Encyclopedia of Latino Issues Today (2 Vols.) forthcoming. | <urn:uuid:e31776d8-3d3e-408c-baba-a6106427ae5d> | CC-MAIN-2017-43 | http://latinopia.com/blogs/bravo-road-with-don-felipe-4-06-13-pasaron-por-aqui/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2017-43/segments/1508187823731.36/warc/CC-MAIN-20171020044747-20171020064747-00870.warc.gz | en | 0.954642 | 1,394 | 2.796875 | 3 |
There are various ways to deal with saturation problems that occur when the laser spot on the detection card is too bright for the camera sensor. The app will automatically reduce exposure time and sensitivity as much as possible, but after the minimal values are reached it may be necessary to take additional steps.
If you attenuate the laser beam before hitting the target, it is important to use high quality laser-grade filters since otherwise the beam shape might be altered. This may occur due to thermal lensing effects, interference fringes from multiple unwanted reflections, or simply because of dust or finger prints on the filter. For some types of lasers you may also consider reducing the output power directly at the laser driver, e.g. by reducing the driving current or the intensity of the pumping light. However by doing so the thermal conditions inside the laser may change, which could lead to a change in the beam profile which you are trying to measure.
A better alternative may be to attach an attenuating filter in front of the smartphone lens. This is less critical, since the light has already been scattered by the target and therefore passes the filter as incoherent and low-power light. Much cheaper photographic neutral density filters can be used here, instead of laser-grade filters. A problem with this approach is that the ambient light needed for target detection is attenuated as well, and therefore target detection might stop working if the filter is too dark. If this happens an extra lamp as background illumination for the target might help.
Light attenuation can also be achieved with the target, by choosing a black target card instead of a white one. In practice a black target will attenuate the light power by about two orders of magnitude. Target detection should work equally well as with a white card, since the black background is only applied to the inner area of the card where the laser spot is measured.
A disadvantage is that any inhomogeneity of the black card (e.g. stripes from imperfect printing, or dust on the surface) will affect the measured beam profile. We have also observed stronger laser speckles for some lasers when using black cards instead of white ones.
Another option is to flip the target such that its backside is facing the beam, although this comes at the price of significant broadening of the laser spot. The effect depends on paper thickness, so if you use a thin paper and do not have to deal with tightly focused beams it might be an easy solution.
For powerful lasers which may burn a hole into paper targets, you can also print the target on a transparent film, e.g the ones which are still sold for overhead projectors. | <urn:uuid:b60996ee-d65a-4f40-94c2-0498bfb40518> | CC-MAIN-2020-34 | https://www.beam-profiler.com/news/how-to-avoid-saturation-of-the-laser-spot/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2020-34/segments/1596439735939.26/warc/CC-MAIN-20200805094821-20200805124821-00495.warc.gz | en | 0.941155 | 535 | 2.703125 | 3 |
'South Pacific Scarlet' canna, a 2013 All-America Selection, grows from seed to 24 inches tall during the growing season. / Provided by All-America Selections.
Tropical plants cast just the right spell that gardeners need to weather the dog days of summer.
By August, plants that thrive in the tropics are reaching their seasonal peak — the cannas and pineapple lilies are blooming, banana leaves seem to unfurl daily and then there are the surprises.
This year, the surprise is the orange fruit on Duranta erecta “Sapphire Showers.” A local garden center has been carrying this plant for years and this is the first time I’ve ever seen it bear fruit.
Native through the West Indies and into Brazil, this woody shrub is considered a broadleaf evergreen. It reaches 25 feet tall and wide in its natural habitat, where it fruits in fall. I’m guessing the cooler than normal spring and summer temps triggered duranta’s fruiting mechanism.
Sometimes called pigeon berry, golden dewdrop or sky flower, “Sapphire Blue” stays in the 4-foot range in colder climates, where its growing season is cut short by temperatures below 25 degrees. Duranta can be moved indoors to a sunny window for winter.
“Sapphire Showers” has long, arched branches laden with clusters of white-edged, violet-blue flowers, which attract hummingbirds and butterflies. Grow it in a pot with high quality potting mix and drainage. Use duranta as a focal in the landscape, patio or flower bed in full sun. Allow the soil to dry out a bit between waterings.
Certainly as showy as the flowers are the grape-size orange berries, called golden dewdrops. Be cautious. The fruit and foliage is considered poisonous to humans and pets.
The unusual pineapple lily (Eucomis) does well in full sun to part shade. Purchase bulbs at garden centers in spring, or from online or mail order bulb merchants. I grow mine in a container, which I move to the basement to winter over in its dormant phase. The common name comes from the pineapple-like flowers.
“South Pacific Scarlet” canna, a 2013 All-America Selections, adds striking architecture, form and texture. It goes from seed to 24 inches tall in the growing season. Grow in full sun to part shade.
Jo Ellen Meyers Sharp (http://hoosiergardener.com) is a director of Garden Writers Association and co-author of “The Indiana Gardener's Guide.” Write to her at P.O. Box 20310, Indianapolis, IN 46220-0310, or e-mail email@example.com | <urn:uuid:1e7f1944-f9e4-480d-8cfc-dbb463940c32> | CC-MAIN-2014-35 | http://www.indystar.com/article/20130807/LIFE0102/308070042/Tropical-plants-their-seasonal-peak | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2014-35/segments/1408500837094.14/warc/CC-MAIN-20140820021357-00393-ip-10-180-136-8.ec2.internal.warc.gz | en | 0.924787 | 590 | 2.53125 | 3 |
Welcome to Burning Questions, a series where Earther answers the most common asks we get on how to address climate change. Many people want to do something, anything to help address the climate crisis. We answer your questions about how to help change your life—and the systems that will save us. Check out our past Burning Questions here.
The effects of animal agriculture on the planet are... not great! Globally, the livestock industry is responsible for nearly 15% of greenhouse gas pollution. In the U.S., cows alone account for 27% of methane emissions.
Chicken and pork are also environmental nightmares. Though each industry emits less greenhouse gas pollution than beef, both require the production of a shitload of soy (more than a third of the world’s soy is fed to poultry and roughly a fifth goes to pigs), which drives deforestation in places like the Amazon.
The climate and ecological damage from animal agriculture has some folks turning to veganism. But what about seafood? If you’re not ready to give up meat entirely, is it OK (or at least better) to eat salmon? What about shrimp? We know hot girls love sardines, but does eating them make the planet hotter? The answers are complicated.
From a strictly emissions point of view seafood is generally a better choice than other kinds of meat.
“Seafood has a smaller carbon footprint than other animal proteins, on average, because fishing doesn’t require farmland or care of livestock,” Anna Baxter, communications specialist at ocean conservation organization Oceana, said in an email, citing a 2012 study.
There are even some ground rules you can follow to ensure your fish dinner has the lightest footprint possible. Wild-caught is usually better. Smaller species like anchovies, herring, and sardines are usually the best options because they’re lower on the food chain and they’re less often overexploited. Mollusks like oysters, mussels, and scallops tend to be relatively climate-friendly options because they can filter sustenance from the water instead of requiring feed. There are guides out there, like the Monterey Bay Aquarium Seafood Watch, that can help make more informed choices.
But still, things can get complicated.
“Unlike cattle, fish aren’t ruminants that produce methane when they burp and fart,” said Jan Dutkiewicz, a postdoctoral fellow at Concordia University and visiting fellow in the Animal Law and Policy Program at Harvard University. “And unlike, say, chicken, they’re not produced in polluting environments like [concentrated animal feeding operations] that are highly emitting. ... But there are other issues.”
Farming fish has a higher climate impact than catching wild seafood. In 2017, the fish farming sector generated half a percent of human-caused greenhouse gas emissions, putting it roughly on par with the emissions of the Netherlands.
While many kinds of wild-caught seafood are more climate-conscious choices, that’s not the case for all of them. Crustaceans like shrimp and lobster are associated with some of the highest carbon emissions because the trawling boats used to catch them and reel them in have to constantly stop and start to set and collect traps, using a lot of fuel in the process. A 2018 study in the journal Nature Climate Change found that lobster and shrimp fisheries can produce more emissions than chicken and pork farms. Another report, released this year, found that bottom trawlers release a gigaton of carbon dioxide every year, which is as much as the entire aviation industry.
There are also a wealth of impacts not tied to climate change. Bottom trawling can wreck delicate seafloor ecosystems while fishing gear is a major source of plastic pollution in the ocean. That poses a major risk to all types of marine species, including apex predators like sharks. Overfishing is also a major concern, with the United Nations warning that a third of the world’s fisheries are being used at unsustainable rates. Fish farms are also sources of pollution and disease that can affect wild species.
Swapping out a hamburger for a salmon burger is one step to reduce your diet’s carbon footprint. But it can’t be the only step.
An April report found that U.S. fishery managers are failing in their duty to prevent overfishing and enforce annual catch limits. Pushing lawmakers for more oversight to ensure laws are being enforced would be a major systemic action. But policies can also be improved, particularly as climate change puts more pressure on fisheries. A bill introduced this summer would improve existing policy to protect more creatures and better account for climate change.
Fishing is also a global trade. Last year, the World Trade Organization failed to reach a deal on how to cut subsidies to unsustainable fish farms that have helped destroy the world’s fish stocks. Joining groups fighting for a strong agreement next year is another avenue to start to further tip the scales.
Frances Withrow, a marine scientist at Oceana, wrote in an email that the group is also campaigning to freeze bottom trawling and ensure fishing gear is more sustainable to cut down on bycatch. It’s yet another avenue into ensuring others choosing to eat seafood have better options.
By and large, though, the science shows that the most sustainable protein options aren’t animal-based at all; they’re plant-based proteins like beans and lentils. So another way to shrink seafood’s environmental impact is to shrink the whole sector by expanding more sustainable alternatives. Governments spend tens of billions worldwide annually on the fishing economy, and those incentives can encourage overfishing and overexploitation.
“There’s a very strong case to be made that if people who farmed fresh, healthy vegetables, beans, and pulses were given that same sort of support instead ... to develop better varietals, new varietals or just to produce at higher scale, we could achieve lower costs and incentivize people to eat those,” said Dutkiewicz. | <urn:uuid:9c22a6ed-db7c-4a15-81a4-6698513d434b> | CC-MAIN-2023-06 | https://gizmodo.com/is-seafood-a-more-climate-friendly-option-than-eating-m-1847639712 | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2023-06/segments/1674764500028.12/warc/CC-MAIN-20230202133541-20230202163541-00331.warc.gz | en | 0.935769 | 1,271 | 3.046875 | 3 |
There are a few things that you may not know about The United States Mint.
Did you Know?
“5 interesting facts from the United States Mint:
1. Five-cent coins minted from 1942 to 1945 aren’t nickels. The reason is that they don’t have any nickel in them. During that time, the United States Mint used a special wartime alloy of copper (56%), silver (35%), and manganese (9%). That way all the saved nickel could be used in the war effort.
2. Nickels, dimes, and quarters are pickled before they’re minted. Before being struck, the blanks used to make these coins really are pickled. They are soaked in a special chemical solution. This “”pickling”” washes and polishes the blanks.
3. Before the Mint Police, there was a Mint Pup. Old records show that $3 was spent to purchase a watchdog to protect the first Mint in Philadelphia.
4. “”In God We Trust”” was first used on coins during the Civil War. This inscription was added to the two-cent piece of 1864. But it didn’t become necessary to add it to all coins until 1955.
5. Which coin has a real “”life-like”” image? Calvin Coolidge was the first President to have his portrait appear on a coin struck during his lifetime. The historic image was on the obverse of the 1926 Sesquicentennial of American Independence ” | <urn:uuid:6a066a35-ae23-4773-b5a5-2741a141859c> | CC-MAIN-2018-13 | https://www.montereycompany.com/blog/coins/5-interesting-facts-from-the-united-states-mint | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2018-13/segments/1521257646875.28/warc/CC-MAIN-20180319101207-20180319121207-00420.warc.gz | en | 0.967127 | 334 | 3.3125 | 3 |
Uncommon Latin gens name. Bearers were the (otherwise unknown) builder of the pons Mulvius ( pons Milvius ; late 2nd cent. BC) and a M.M. who as triumvir nocturnus was condemned in 241 BC for appearing too late with his colleagues to fight a fire on the via sacra (Val. Max. 8, 1 damn. 5).
Cite this pageElvers, Karl-Ludwig (Bochum), “Mulvius”, in: Brill’s New Pauly, Antiquity volumes edited by: Hubert Cancik and , Helmuth Schneider, English Edition by: Christine F. Salazar, Classical Tradition volumes edited by: Manfred Landfester, English Edition by: Francis G. Gentry. Consulted online on 24 November 2020 <http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/1574-9347_bnp_e811390>
First published online: 2006
First print edition: 9789004122598, 20110510
▲ Back to top ▲ | <urn:uuid:02db834f-6ba3-4834-90a4-e61524968998> | CC-MAIN-2020-50 | https://referenceworks.brillonline.com/entries/brill-s-new-pauly/mulvius-e811390?s.num=137&s.rows=20&s.au=%22Elvers%2C+Karl-Ludwig+%28Bochum%29%22&s.start=120 | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2020-50/segments/1606141169606.2/warc/CC-MAIN-20201124000351-20201124030351-00281.warc.gz | en | 0.857365 | 234 | 2.796875 | 3 |
How’s this for an unnerving statistic? Infectious diseases kill more people worldwide than any other single cause – that’s according to the National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases. A dengue outbreak in Hawai‘i in 2001 and a global resurgence of vector-borne and zoonotic infectious diseases, nearly all originating in Asia, led to the establishment of the Pacific Center for Emerging Infectious Diseases Research in 2003. The Center and its activities are generously supported by institutional funds and a grant from the Institutional Development Award (IDeA) Program, of the National Center for Research Resources, of the National Institutes of Health.
Hawai‘i’s strategic location as a prominent international port and its geographic proximity and strong ties to institutions within Asia and the Pacific provide a unique setting from which to monitor the emergence and spread of newly recognized infectious diseases and to investigate outbreaks of well-known microbial infections of regional concern and global importance. The Pacific Center for Emerging Infectious Diseases Research is among a handful of research facilities in the world exploring this resurgence.
Said Richard Yanagihara, Director of the Pacific Center for Emerging Infectious Diseases Research, “Infectious diseases are among the most urgent public health and economic problems facing the Asia-Pacific region in the new millennium. In recent years, microbes newly emerging in Asia have caused major epidemics, resulting in significant loss of human lives and devastating economic consequences worldwide.”
Although the myriad factors responsible for the alarming global resurgence of infectious diseases are not fully understood, demographic and societal changes are likely contributors. That is, the unprecedented population growth since World War II has been one of the principal driving forces behind uncontrolled urbanization. Also, the rapid movements of people, animals (and their endo- and ecto-parasites) and commodities via jumbo jets and high-speed trains, along with the insidious breakdown of the public health infrastructure and the misplaced emphasis on curative rather than preventive medicine, have all contributed to the regional and worldwide resurgence of infectious diseases.
The NIH-funded center is a pillar program that draws on the complementary strengths and multidisciplinary expertise within the John A. Burns School of Medicine and the College of Natural Sciences. Because the prevention and control of infectious diseases demand expertise from more than a single discipline, the new center is anchored by the tenets of multi- and trans-disciplinary research, comprising elements of epidemiology and public health, community and family medicine, biobehavioral health, bioinformatics and biostatistics, and microbiology and immunology.
The Center’s overall vision is to become a regional translational science center of research excellence for new, emerging and re-emerging infectious diseases. And its mission is to develop and deploy improved rapid diagnostics, effective low-cost treatments and affordable vaccines for tropical infectious diseases, which disproportionately affect underserved ethnic minority and disadvantaged communities in the Asia-Pacific region.
For more information, visit: http://pceidr.jabsom.hawaii.edu/. | <urn:uuid:7400d204-5a2b-411a-ab8e-db546791184e> | CC-MAIN-2016-50 | http://manoa.hawaii.edu/media/campustalk/no-small-threat/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2016-50/segments/1480698540839.46/warc/CC-MAIN-20161202170900-00043-ip-10-31-129-80.ec2.internal.warc.gz | en | 0.915971 | 624 | 3.140625 | 3 |
Climate change is an issue that has serious impacts on global security – from South America to the Sahel. A major driver of climate change is the emissions of short-lived climate pollutants (SLCPs) such as methane, black carbon, and hydrofluorocarbons. Together, these SLCPs account for one-third of current global warming. Reducing these pollutants can prevent more than 2 million premature deaths a year, avoid the annual loss of over 30 million tons of crops, increase energy security, and address climate change. Join Senator Christopher Murphy and Dr. Andrew Light in a session moderated by CNP President Scott Bates as they discuss the effects of climate disruptions and how to effectively confront the threat.This article was originally published in Center for National Policy. | <urn:uuid:11c6751d-6012-40ec-8c84-f0627b89c6c7> | CC-MAIN-2017-04 | https://www.americanprogress.org/issues/ext/2013/05/14/63300/a-conversation-with-senator-christopher-murphy-on-international-climate-change/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2017-04/segments/1484560280891.90/warc/CC-MAIN-20170116095120-00472-ip-10-171-10-70.ec2.internal.warc.gz | en | 0.94942 | 155 | 3.234375 | 3 |
Too little and your dog can suffer from nutritional deficiencies, and too much will eventually cause obesity and the many health problems associated with obesity.
Unfortunately, there is no easy way to know how much your dog needs to eat. Determining the amount of food to give your dog will depend on the type of food you feed your dog, how many times a day they are fed, how big they are, their metabolism, the amount of exercise they get, and many other factors! But you can figure out an approximate amount of food that should work for your individual pet, or you can ask your veterinarian!
If you're wondering how much your dog is supposed to be eating, start by checking the feeding guide on your dog's food label. They are usually presented as a table, with Weight of Dog and Amount Per Day being the categories on the columns.
Keeping in mind that these amounts are the total food your dog should consume in a 24 hours period. Seeing as adult dogs generally take 2 feedings a day, and puppies usually require 3 or 4, you will need to divide this amount by the number of feedings your dog gets per day.
Use this information combined with your knowledge of your dogs life to find the initial amount of food you should be offering. For example, if you have a 35 pound corgi who is not very active, maybe start with 2 cups of food per day. If you have a 35 pound Border Collie who is constantly moving, start with a little more.
Next, use a scale or body conditioning system to fine tune the amount of food your feed your dog. Check your dog every 2 - 4 weeks, and record the results. If your dog is gaining or losing an inappropriate amount of weight, adjust your food portions accordingly. In general, healthy dogs tend to:
Remember, each time your change dog foods, you will have to go through this process again. | <urn:uuid:d0f52191-63f9-448e-8c9d-2449e35f2a1a> | CC-MAIN-2017-26 | http://emergencyvc.ca/vet-news/2015/08/are-you-feeding-your-dog-the-right-amount | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2017-26/segments/1498128329344.98/warc/CC-MAIN-20170629135715-20170629155715-00162.warc.gz | en | 0.96041 | 387 | 2.9375 | 3 |
There Were Giants Upon the Earth. The following is excerpted from There Were Giants Upon the Earth: Gods, Demigods, and Human Ancestry: The Evidence of Alien DNA, available from Bear and Company.
If you would like to learn more about this book or buy a copy, please do so here. Introduction And It Came to Pass And it came to pass, When men began to multiply on the face of the Earth and daughters were born unto them, that the sons of God saw the daughters of men that they were fair, and they took them wives of all which they chose. There were giants upon the Earth in those days and also thereafter too, When the sons of God came in unto the daughters of men and they bare children to them- the same Mighty Men of old, Men of Renown. The reader, if familiar with the King James English version of the Bible, will recognize these verses in chapter 6 of Genesis as the preamble to the story of the Deluge, the Great Flood in which Noah, huddled in an ark, was saved to repopulate the Earth.
The schoolboy was I. Sumer: Where Civilization Began. Sumerian Gods and Goddesses. Sumerian Gods Is Anu holding the symbolic Holy Grail of a Bloodline he created?
British Museum Nephilim, Anunnaki - Royal Bloodline - Creators "Those who from Heaven to Earth came" The Sumerian King List allegedly recorded all the rulers of Earth over 400,000 years who were said to be gods, demigods, or immortals ... or one soul playing all the roles. In Sumerian Mythology the Anunnaki were a pantheon of good and evil gods and goddesses (duality) who came to Earth to create the human race. Talismans | Kabbalah | Amulets Creating Bloodlines According to Ancient Alien Theory, the Anunnaki, and other alien groups, came to Earth and seeded the human race in many variations.
Physical evidence of ancient astronauts is found throughout the planet, leading one to conclude that different races visited here at different periods in Earth's history, or the same aliens return and set up various programs (civilizations) in which they could remain and experience. These would include: Middle East, Egypt, India, Alien Intervention Into Our Ancient History. The ancient biblical inspired writers was right about the universe creation with that insight. Toward the cener of our Milky Way Galaxy Where they are so much star light that they would be no darkness.
JOB 26:7 The Bible seems to show that God's throne in heaven is in another dimension toward what we call the space north. They are two norths.. Our Earth north is more toward the stars called the Pleiades. The Bible speaks of 'coming up into heaven' (Rev 4:1) and of Christ being 'taken up from you into heaven' (Acts 1:11). The direction and location of Heaven Listen to the boastful words of Lucifer as recorded in Isaiah 14: 'I will ascend into heaven' (v 13). Psalm 75 where we read these words: 'When I shall receive the congregation I will judge uprightly...For promotion cometh neither from the east, nor from the west, nor from the south.
Radio astronomers having directed their telescopes to the northern area of the sky have discovered an empty space, where there are no stars. | <urn:uuid:4bc3e0a4-a275-404c-972c-2430187b7da5> | CC-MAIN-2016-44 | http://www.pearltrees.com/vashin/ancient-astronaut-theory/id3389553 | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2016-44/segments/1476988720615.90/warc/CC-MAIN-20161020183840-00521-ip-10-171-6-4.ec2.internal.warc.gz | en | 0.9604 | 705 | 2.59375 | 3 |
Studying history with kids can be fun. The 1950s is a fun and interesting era to learn about and these 1950s History FREE Printables for Kids can help.
It is really important to study history in our homeschools. Learning how we have arrived at where we are today is important for kids.
There are fewer fun times to study than the 1950s. This was a time that is depicted in many movies like Stand By Me and Grease.
These awesome 1950s History FREE Printables for Kids explores how people lived, the cost of living, major events, famous people and so much more.
From Elvis to poodle skirts and Rosa Parks, your kids will love learning more about this unique time in American History.
Grab more free resources to explore history in your homeschool.
- Women’s History FREE Cheat Sheets
- FREE Kids History Game Printables
- Black History Resources
- 12 Fun American History Games for Kids
Click here to learn all about the 1950s for Kids.
CLICK HERE for hundreds of free homeschool printables
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- Free Pumpkin Activity Pages - October 14, 2021 | <urn:uuid:6d290b87-7d3d-44f6-98a5-e0db229a570e> | CC-MAIN-2023-14 | https://www.freehomeschooldeals.com/1950s-history-free-printables-for-kids/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2023-14/segments/1679296949107.48/warc/CC-MAIN-20230330070451-20230330100451-00397.warc.gz | en | 0.925617 | 295 | 3.171875 | 3 |
Hospitals consume large amounts of energy. They remain open 24-hours a day and have thousands of employees, patients, and visitors occupying the buildings daily. Sophisticated heating, ventilation, and air conditioning (HVAC) systems control the temperatures and airflow. In addition, many energy-intensive activities occur in these buildings: surgical suites/operating theatres, laundry, medical and lab equipment use, sterilization, computer and server use, food service, and refrigeration. The pharmaceutical and biotechnology industry requires a hygienic manufacturing environment to ensure safety. The industry uses cleanrooms or controlled environments to manufacture medicines to prevent cross-contamination between two different products or infection from microbial entry and to ensure the improvement of product quality. HVAC systems provide a controlled environment for pharmaceutical and biotechnology manufacturing. HVAC systems are used in various applications in the pharmaceutical and biotechnology industry:
- Manufacturing plants
- Cosmetics plants or sterile rooms
- Regenerative medicine also known as cell preparation rooms
- Cell preparation and culture rooms
- Monitoring rooms
Nano LiquiTec® with Graphene Dynamics® helps the healthcare industry save energy, cool spaces faster, keep spaces cold longer, while lowering expenses. | <urn:uuid:af0aa673-2099-48a5-8a90-0da7e7e24206> | CC-MAIN-2019-18 | https://www.nanoliquitec.com/industries/healthcare/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2019-18/segments/1555578529839.0/warc/CC-MAIN-20190420140859-20190420162859-00502.warc.gz | en | 0.912099 | 251 | 2.828125 | 3 |
Common Name: Crinkle Bush
Description: Shrubs or small trees.
Leaves alternate, simple to bipinnate, margins entire or toothed to deeply pinnatisect.
Conflorescences raceme-like or paniculate, terminal or axillary, usually much longer than the leaves; flowers pedicellate in pairs, bracts caducous. Flowers zygomorphic. Perianth tube slit by the style on the lower side while in bud. Anthers sessile. Hypogynous glands 3, or occasionally the fourth present but small. Ovary stipitate, glabrous; ovules several, in 2 rows; style long and dilated apically into a pollen presenter.
Fruit a follicle, ± leathery; seeds several, flat with a terminal wing, a yellow powdery substance between the seeds.
Distribution and occurrence: World: 12 spp., S.Amer. & Aust. Aust.: 9 spp. (endemic), Qld, N.S.W., Vic., Tas.
All species of Lomatia show considerable variation, so that it is sometimes difficult to separate them. The situation is further complicated by hybridization that frequently appears to occur when 2 species are found growing together in the field.
Text by G.J. Harden
| ||Key to the species|| |
|1||Mature leaves glabrous or almost so on both surfaces, rarely with a few hairs below; perianth glabrous or sparsely pubescent without||2|
|Leaves glabrous on upper surface, silky or sometimes rusty on lower surface; perianth densely pubescent||Lomatia fraseri|
|2||Leaves divided 1–4 times pinnately or 1–4-pinnatisect, 10–35 cm long||Lomatia silaifolia|
|Leaves not divided into segments, margins entire to toothed, 5–20 cm long|
Back to 1
|3||Leaves linear to narrow-oblong to lanceolate, usually at least 8 times as long as broad, lamina tapering very gradually into a very short petiole or sessile||Lomatia myricoides|
|Leaves ovate to lanceolate or oblong-elliptic, less than 4 times as long as broad, lamina acute or obtuse at the base with a distinct petiole|
Back to 2
|4||Conflorescences terminal, racemose or paniculate, 15–30 cm long, exceeding the leaves; leaves always toothed, teeth regular and more or less pungent; reticulate venation raised and very conspicuous above||Lomatia ilicifolia|
|Conflorescences axillary, raceme-like, 8–15 cm long, not or scarcely exceeding the leaves; leaves entire or crenate to coarsely toothed, teeth not pungent; reticulate venation often apparent but not conspicuously raised above|
Back to 3 | <urn:uuid:747434c5-dafc-46cd-91d1-69909d937ffd> | CC-MAIN-2019-26 | http://plantnet.rbgsyd.nsw.gov.au/cgi-bin/NSWfl.pl?page=nswfl&lvl=gn&name=Lomatia | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2019-26/segments/1560627997508.21/warc/CC-MAIN-20190616002634-20190616024634-00149.warc.gz | en | 0.864052 | 655 | 3.046875 | 3 |
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the process of examining logs which record who accesses the system and the actions they take (monitor securtiy)
monitors logs of network traffic permitted to pass the firewall
intrusion detection system (IDS)
the most common method of analysis used by ________ is to compare thier logs to a database containing patterns of traffic associated with known attacks.
IDS Intrusion detection systems
Disclose's the organization's performance with respect to the COBIT objectives. Key perofromance indicators include downitime caused by security incidents, number of systems with IDS installed, and the time needed to react to security incidents once they are reported.
automated tools designed to identify whether a system contains any well-known vulnerabilities.
Involves an authorized attempt by either an internal audit team or external security consulting firm to break into the organization's information system's
consisting of technical specialists and senior operations management, to deal with major incidents
Computer emergency response team
The _____ leads the organization's incident response process through four steps, whcih must be practiced regularly
1._________- occurs when an IDS alerts, or from log analysis by a system admin.
2. _________ once intrusion is detected, prompt action to stop it and contain the damage.
3. __________ damage must be repaired, like restoring data from backup and reinstalling corrupted programs
4. ___________ analysis of how the incident occurred. Modify existing security policy to minimize the likelihood of a similar incident. An important decision is whether to try to catch and punish the perpetrator. If the perpetrator will be pursued, forensic experts should be involved immediately to ensure that all possible evidence is collected and maintained in a manner that makes it admissible in court.
CERT(computer emergency response team)
- 1.Recognizing that a problem exists
- 2.Containing the problem
- 4.Follow Up
is an individual with organization-wide responsibility for security.
– Should be independent of other IS functions and report to either the COO or CEO.
– Must understand the company’s technology environment and work with the CIO to design, implement, and promote sound security policies and procedures.
– Disseminates info about fraud, errors, security breaches, improper system use, & consequences of these.
– Works with the person in charge of building security, as that is often the entity’s weakest link.
– Should impartially assess and evaluate the IT environment, conduct vulnerability and risk assessments, and audit the CIO’s security measures.
Chief Security Officer
involves fixing known vulnerabilities and installing the latest updates to anti-virus software,firewalls,operating systems, and application programs. | <urn:uuid:679233fd-45d3-44e7-b621-3e00338287a6> | CC-MAIN-2017-22 | https://www.freezingblue.com/flashcards/print_preview.cgi?cardsetID=17698 | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2017-22/segments/1495463612008.48/warc/CC-MAIN-20170529014619-20170529034619-00248.warc.gz | en | 0.908451 | 585 | 3.046875 | 3 |
There are two types of disasters, natural disasters as well as human- made disasters. Natural disasters are defined as unpreventable or natural causes such as hurricanes, wildfires, earthquakes and Tsunamis are some examples. Communities have begun popping up everywhere from the costal ranges; to mountain range to the well know tornado alley area in the mid- west. Families and individuals of these communities pay extra insurance fees to live in these zones however, when disaster strikes, insurance payouts become greater than the payments received causing other economic disaster develop & Ruben, 2010).
It is understood by many that these insurances are necessary but many do not understand otherwise how to be prepared for disaster. Disaster Preparedness is a must among individuals, families as well as entire communities as a whole. Public Health Nurses role in disaster preparedness Disaster management includes four stages: Prevention (or mitigation), preparedness, response, and recovery. Nurses have skills that enable them to work in all aspects of disasters, such as assessment, priority setting, collaboration, health education, disease screening and mass clinic management.
Nurses also have the ability to provide essential public health services, make referrals, serve as a liaison among organizations and health care and social service providers, and provide psychological first aid, triage and rapid needs assessment (Stanhope, 2014). As always the primary function is prevention as well as preparedness. During the prevention phase home owners as well as renters, need to take caution in their property. For instance those living in high earthquake areas should include structural measures when building or purchasing a home or renting a residence develop, 2010).
Those whom choose to be in wildfire areas should plan for property maintenance for example fire breaks around the perimeter Of the properties as well as water availability. During the prevention stage Awareness and education come into play. In prevention communities should meet and develop disaster plans. These plans should include meeting places evacuation plans as well as the nurse should be familiar with the pharmaceutical aspect and how the strategic national stockpile will be distributed. These plans are only as good as the people and the communities hey are in.
Communities should practice disaster drills much like schools do. Some media and community education ideas can be to ask your community to develop stronger building codes. Building codes are the publics first line of defense against earthquakes. The codes specify the levels of earthquake forces that structures must be designed to withstand. As ground motions Of greater intensity have been recorded, the minimum earthquake requirements specified in building codes have been raised (develop, 2010). Education can be accomplished in many ways, publish a special section in our local newspaper with emergency information on earthquakes.
Localize the information by printing the phone numbers of local emergency services offices, the American Red Cross, and hospitals. Conduct a week-long newspaper series on locating hazards in the home. Work with local emergency services and American Red Cross officials to prepare special reports for people with mobility impairments about what to do during an earthquake. Provide tips on conducting earthquake drills in the home. Interview representatives of the gas, electric, and water companies about shutting off utilities and determine how this will take place.
These are all items the public health nurse can also work with the community to establish. In the response or secondary phase, a disaster has been declared. The first level of response occurs at the local level. This level begins with emergency responders, public health nurses as well as law enforcement. During this phase a destruction assessment is completed to determine the amount of attention and resources needed. When state resources and capabilities are overwhelmed, governors may request federal assistance under a presidential disaster or emergency declaration (Stanhope, 2014). The secondary phase is the actual happening of the disaster.
While disaster is occurring public health nurses aide in the setup of medical facility at the designated area. Here individuals are triage and treated or determined the order at which emergency personnel takes them to nearby hospitals. Pens may also begin psychological treatment to minimize hysteria. The last phase is Recovery. Recovery is the community returning to the ruble with a goal of rebuilding and understanding lessons learned. Hindsight plays a vital role in this phase. Families start to realize better precautions hey could have taken or understand how they can improve evacuation plans.
The public Health nurse begins to help with the planning of food, water, housing as well as the damages to septic systems that could create illness to the returning families. Not only do families and communities need to have disaster plans but nearby and surrounding hospitals must also have disaster plan in order to care for an overwhelming population at one given time. Our local hospitals have a mutual disaster plan in place. Having several hospitals in a 15-20 mile radius, these plans are the same through the county. However each plans evacuation in the event of a hospital disaster is different.
Physicians are integral to hospital disaster planning and response. Each department has a disaster plan specific to their individual needs such as evacuation response. Medical staff office has a plan for emergency privileging. The local hospitals have a disaster committee and a disaster plan, which outlines the overall response: Code Triage Alert: Informs appropriate staff that an event has occurred that could potentially impact the facility. Code Triage Internal: the activation of the organizations Emergency Operation’s plan (POP) to respond o an event that has occurred within the facility.
Examples are flooding, fire, electrical outage. Code Triage External: the activation of the organizations Emergency Operations Plan (FOP) to respond to an external event that has disrupted, or may disrupt, the facility normal operations. Examples are fog- related incidents, multi-casualty car crashes, and earthquakes. When we activate Code Triage Internal and External, we activate the Hospital Incident Command System (HISS) to manage a coordinated and standardized response within Community Medical Centers and in cooperation with County, State and Federal agencies (Community Medical Centers, 2014).
When interviewing an employee of the local community hospital, the example was given in regards to response to disaster planning; if a surveyor stopped you in the hall and asked, “What would you do if a disaster occurred? ‘ You might respond with: “l would hear the overhead call for disaster activation. An incident command center would be established with facility operations directing our response to the disaster. Would receive information and direction from the physician in charge in the command center. I would assist tit the medical care of affected patients, including admission and discharge. Earthquake as a natural disaster Our area has been well known for its earthquakes as we live close to the San Andrea Fault line. The writer being a person formerly of the Coaling area (near the fault), has determined the necessity of earthquake disaster planning. The first step to disaster planning of earthquakes is to determine potential hazards in and around the home and begin to fix them. This includes anything heavy enough to harm you if it falls. Keep in mind ornamental things such as pottery can be potentially deadly if fallen from above shelving.
Costly items such as televisions and computers can be secured to the walls or desks they reside on. Large furniture such as book shelves should be securely fastened to the wall studs to prevent them from falling over. Next create the written plan with diagram. Select a safe place Outside Of your home to meet your family or housemates after the shaking. Designate an out-of-area contact person who can be called by everyone in the household to relay information. Obtain a NOAA Weather Radio with the Public Alert feature to notify you of earthquakes and other hazards.
Provide al family members with a list of important contact phone numbers in the case of separation. Determine where you might live if your home cannot be occupied after a disaster. In total loss it will take time for rebuild or for the purchase or rental of a different home. Know about the earthquake plan developed by your children’s school or day care. This will help hysteria if in fact an earthquake struck during the time your child was not in your care(Marginal, Ramose, &Guran, 2010). Keep school emergency release card(s) current.
Keep copies of essential documents, such as identification, insurance policies, and financial records, in a secure, waterproof container, and keep with your disaster supplies kits. Include a household inventory (a list and photos or video of your belongings). You may have to take additional steps, especially if someone has a disability or other access and functional needs. Register with your local fire department for assistance so needed help can be provided. Electrical, water, transportation, and other vital systems can be disrupted for several days or much longer in some places after a large earthquake.
Emergency response agencies and hospitals could be overwhelmed and unable to provide you with immediate assistance. Everyone should have personal disaster supplies kits. Keep them where you spend most of your time, so they can be reached even if your building is badly damaged. These kits should include items such as; Medications, prescription list, copies Of medical cards, doctor’s name and contact information, Medical consent forms for dependents, First aid kit and handbook, Examination gloves (non-latex), Dust mask, Spare eyeglasses or contact lenses and cleaning solution, Bottled water Whistle (to alert rescuers to your location),
Sturdy shoes, Emergency cash (Tams might not work), Small bills and coins are the best, Copies of personal identification (driver’s license, work ID card, etc. Road maps, List of emergency out-of-area contact phone numbers, Snack foods, high in water and calories, Working flashlight with extra batteries and light bulbs, or light sticks, Personal hygiene supplies, Comfort items such as games, crayons, writing materials, teddy bears. After the earthquake, remember that children will be under great stress. They may be frightened, their routine will probably be disrupted, and the aftershocks won’t let them roger the experience (Marginal, 2010).
Adults may need to leave their children in order to deal with the many demands of the emergency, but this can be devastating to children. These comforting items are their necessities. Toiletries and special provisions you need for yourself and others in your family including elderly, disabled, small children, and animals, if you have difficulty communicating, keep a note-book, pencils, etc. In several locations (Red Cross 2014). What to do during the disaster If you are… Landlords: Drop, cover, and hold on. Drop to the floor; take cover ender a sturdy desk or table, and hold on to it firmly.
Be prepared to move with it until the shaking stops. If you are not near a desk or table, drop to the floor against the interior wall and protect your head and neck with your arms. Avoid exterior walls, windows, hanging objects, mirrors, tall furniture, large appliances, and kitchen cabinets with heavy objects or glass. Do not go outside! If you are already Outdoors: Move to a clear area if you can safely do so; avoid power lines, trees, signs, buildings, vehicles, and other hazards. Perhaps an earthquake strikes while Driving: Pull over to the side of the road, Stop, and set the parking brake.
Avoid overpasses, bridges, power lines, signs and other hazards. Stay inside the vehicle until the shaking is over. If a power line falls on the car, stay inside until a trained person removes the wire. These are just a few of the most common things to do to protect you the best way possible. What to do following the disaster First take care of your own situation. Remember your emergency plans. Aftershocks may cause additional damage or items to fall, so get to a safe location. Take your disaster supplies kit. If you are trapped by falling items or collapse, protect your mouth, nose, and eyes from dust.
If you are bleeding, put pressure on the wound and elevate the injured part. Signal for help with your emergency whistle, a cell phone, or knock loudly on solid pieces of the building three times every few minutes. Rescue personnel will be listening for such sounds(Red Cross, 2014). Once you are safe, help others and check for damage. Protect yourself by wearing sturdy shoes and work gloves, to avoid injury from broken glass and debris. Also wear a dust mask and eye protection. Following large disastrous earthquakes often comes fire from electrical supplies, downed power lines etc.
Be sure to place yourself out of harm’s way when you begin to assess the damage. This is a time of transition. Although aftershocks may continue, you will now work toward getting your life, your home and family, and your routines back in order. Emotional care and recovery are just as important as healing physical injuries and rebuilding a home. Make sure your home is safe to occupy and not in danger of collapse in aftershocks. If you were able to remain in your home or return to it after a few days, you will have a variety of tasks to accomplish. | <urn:uuid:c012a9ba-e086-4b90-9a44-15d3d285cc6f> | CC-MAIN-2019-22 | https://jardinmahoney.com/disaster-management-paper/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2019-22/segments/1558232256082.54/warc/CC-MAIN-20190520162024-20190520184024-00084.warc.gz | en | 0.956497 | 2,645 | 3.734375 | 4 |
Botulinum toxin (“botox”) is a very powerful and often fatal poison produced by a rare type of food poisoning bacteria. The toxin blocks the activity of ‘cholinergic’ nerves which control muscles and glands, causing glands to stop secretion and muscles to become paralysed.
But in tiny doses and applied to specific structures, “botox” has many medical uses. Lim and Seet’s paper describes the early medical use of botulinum toxin in treating eye-squint, then its wider role in treating pain, excess glandular secretion and muscle spasm disorders, and its best-known use as a wrinkle remover in cosmetic surgery.
The authors go on to suggest a wide range of possible uses for “botox” such as calming restless legs, improving breathing in asthma, reducing sweating, and performing a ‘chemical liposuction’ by removing excessive fat. In theory, botulinum toxin might be used to treat a broad range of pain syndromes, and to reduce activity for all types of glands and muscles that receive their nerve supply from the cholinergic system.
This judge for this year’s prize was the internationally famous neuroscientist VS Ramachandran of the University of California at San Diego, USA. Professor Ramachandran described the paper as: "A scholarly overview containing many suggestions for potentially valuable new directions of research"
The £1,000 prize was launched in 2004 and is awarded annually by Elsevier, the publisher of Medical Hypotheses. It is named in honour of Dr. David Horrobin, the renowned researcher, biotechnology expert and founder of Medical Hypotheses, who died in 2003.
Plasmonic biosensors enable development of new easy-to-use health tests
14.12.2017 | Aalto University
ASU scientists develop new, rapid pipeline for antimicrobials
14.12.2017 | Arizona State University
MPQ scientists achieve long storage times for photonic quantum bits which break the lower bound for direct teleportation in a global quantum network.
Concerning the development of quantum memories for the realization of global quantum networks, scientists of the Quantum Dynamics Division led by Professor...
Researchers have developed a water cloaking concept based on electromagnetic forces that could eliminate an object's wake, greatly reducing its drag while...
Tiny pores at a cell's entryway act as miniature bouncers, letting in some electrically charged atoms--ions--but blocking others. Operating as exquisitely sensitive filters, these "ion channels" play a critical role in biological functions such as muscle contraction and the firing of brain cells.
To rapidly transport the right ions through the cell membrane, the tiny channels rely on a complex interplay between the ions and surrounding molecules,...
The miniaturization of the current technology of storage media is hindered by fundamental limits of quantum mechanics. A new approach consists in using so-called spin-crossover molecules as the smallest possible storage unit. Similar to normal hard drives, these special molecules can save information via their magnetic state. A research team from Kiel University has now managed to successfully place a new class of spin-crossover molecules onto a surface and to improve the molecule’s storage capacity. The storage density of conventional hard drives could therefore theoretically be increased by more than one hundred fold. The study has been published in the scientific journal Nano Letters.
Over the past few years, the building blocks of storage media have gotten ever smaller. But further miniaturization of the current technology is hindered by...
With innovative experiments, researchers at the Helmholtz-Zentrums Geesthacht and the Technical University Hamburg unravel why tiny metallic structures are extremely strong
Light-weight and simultaneously strong – porous metallic nanomaterials promise interesting applications as, for instance, for future aeroplanes with enhanced...
11.12.2017 | Event News
08.12.2017 | Event News
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14.12.2017 | Health and Medicine
14.12.2017 | Physics and Astronomy
14.12.2017 | Life Sciences | <urn:uuid:a52cabfd-414a-4dd2-a9da-1e1584cea09a> | CC-MAIN-2017-51 | http://www.innovations-report.com/html/reports/medicine-health/report-105892.html | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2017-51/segments/1512948544677.45/warc/CC-MAIN-20171214144324-20171214164324-00408.warc.gz | en | 0.909714 | 854 | 3.140625 | 3 |
St. Basil’s Cathedral on Red Square, Image of Moscow. Bright sun illuminates the whimsical spires and intricately carved onion domes of St. Basil’s Cathedral, Moscow’s most colorful landmark. Built in the 1550s to celebrate Ivan the Terrible’s conquest of Kazan’ and Astrakhan’, this extraordinary structure was originally known as the Cathedral of the Intercession of the Virgin. Eight chapels, each with a distinct exterior, originally surrounded the central church.
A ninth chapel was built in 1588 to commemorate Saint Basil the Fool, after whom the cathedral is now named. Now a museum, Saint Basil’s is filled with centuries-old frescoes, icons, and paintings. | <urn:uuid:802011f2-9061-4de4-bd43-302ccea940da> | CC-MAIN-2018-30 | http://reflectim.com/photos/image-of-moscow/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2018-30/segments/1531676592650.53/warc/CC-MAIN-20180721164755-20180721184755-00115.warc.gz | en | 0.937899 | 158 | 2.71875 | 3 |
Turner 19th Century advocate for education
Museum of the Albemarle
Sunday, July 29, 2018
The lifework of Rooks Turner is often overshadowed by that of his contemporaries, the preeminent P.W. Moore and Hugh Cale. Moore and Cale are remembered as the founding fathers of Elizabeth City State University (ECSU). Turner, however, was a fierce advocate for African-American education in his own right.
Born as a free person of color on October 24, 1844, Rooks Turner was the ninth child to Daniel and Margaret, known as Peggy, Turner. Daniel Turner was remarkably successful as a free black man in antebellum North Carolina. He and his wife owned nearly 70 acres near Elizabeth City. The Turners were industrious, yielding wool, flax, cotton, and rice from their land. Rooks worked the family farm until 1866, when the Freedman’s Bureau opened the first school for African-American students in Elizabeth City.
Even as Rooks was in his early twenties at the time, he entered the first-grade. Under the guidance of principal Thomas W. Cardozo, Rooks completed his primary education in only four years’ time. Cardozo then encouraged Rooks to enter Howard University in Washington, D.C., another successful institution begun by the Freedman’s Bureau. Between semesters at Howard, Rooks would return to North Carolina and pass on what he learned to his community. Eleven years after he entered his first classroom, Rooks Turner graduated with a bachelor’s degree.
Washington D.C., during the Reconstruction Era held promise for young Black men like Rooks. The capitol was progressive, allowing African-American men to vote in local elections as early as 1867. The rest of the country did not extend such voting rights until the 15th amendment was ratified in 1870. Nevertheless, Rooks sought homecoming. He wished to open his own school in Elizabeth City.
In 1879, Rooks purchased a three-acre plot near present day 200 Roanoke Street. The property included a two-story house where he would operate the Rooks Turner Normal School. This private school conducted intermittent training sessions for teachers. In this regard, some scholars suggest that Rooks Turner laid the ideological framework for the Elizabeth City State Colored Normal School.
An 1883 letter addressed to education superintendent J.C. Scarborough even recommends Rooks Turner to lead a state-run school in Elizabeth City. The General Assembly, however, did not establish the school that would became ECSU until Hugh Cale introduced House Bill 383 in 1891. When the school opened its doors in 1892, P.W. Moore led the class. At this time, Rooks Turner had dedicated himself to traveling throughout Pasquotank county to teach and open schools similar to his.
Following the establishment of the Rooks Turner Normal School, Rooks took a wife. In 1880, Rooks married Elizabeth Sessoms Freeman. The couple soon expanded their family. Elizabeth gave birth to four boys, but only three survived to adulthood. Rooks Jr., Arthur, and Lorenzo Dow Turner were all imbued with the desire to learn like their father. Each son pursued professional careers in medicine, law, and education. The youngest, Lorenzo Dow Turner, rose to notoriety by conducting ground-breaking research on Gullah-Geechee culture. Rooks Turner imparted a wonderful legacy of education on his family and this region.
Jessica Cosmas is an Artifact Collections Specialist at Museum of the Albemarle. | <urn:uuid:4b093f59-4923-4018-90c4-52d22c4a039b> | CC-MAIN-2018-34 | http://www.dailyadvance.com/Lifestyles-Columnists/2018/07/29/072918albemarlecolumn.html | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2018-34/segments/1534221217006.78/warc/CC-MAIN-20180820195652-20180820215652-00557.warc.gz | en | 0.97784 | 736 | 3.28125 | 3 |
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October 24, 2010 - Jill Gosche
I've finished Rafe Esquith's book "Teach Like Your Hair's On Fire." Rafe is one of the speakers I hope to listen to and write about at the conference. If his talk is anything like his book, I'm in for an incredible experience!
The book's title comes from a neat experience he had in the classroom. (I think it's neat...I'm not sure he would call it that!) When students were working on a science experiment, one girl was on the verge of failure. He was determined she was going to succeed. He was so determined, in fact, he caught his hair on fire and barely noticed! Just think if all teachers taught that way...so engrossed in the lesson and so determined students would succeed that they didn't realize their hair is on fire.
The end of the book has some of the most amazing pieces of advice for parents, and I think it is worth sharing. "Seven Ways Parents Can Help Their Children Beyond or Outside the Classroom" is appendix E.
First, Rafe says, many kids can't do the things adults learned in home economics or shop classes. Parents should teach their children how to cook lasagna, sew on a button, plant a seedling or change a tire. Sound advice, isn't it?
Second, Rafe says, parents of elementary school children need to spend time in the classroom. He suggests doing it every month if possible. "Bringing in home cooked brownies for a party or the school play will make your child's day." As a daughter of parents who did similar things, I can say, without a doubt, this makes a difference!
Third, parents should have a family movie night once a week on nights when there is no school the next day. "Help your child understand that learning is a full-time job and does not end at 3:00," he wrote. I agree wholeheartedly. It's important for children to learn that learning should never stop.
Fourth, iPods are great ... but not in public, according to Rafe's book. Children shouldn't be shutting out the world around them. It's so easy to get caught up in music, for example, and miss what's going on, and that's unfortunate.
Fifth, parents should steer their children away from screens. Neither parents nor children should be watching television on a school night. While this might be an extreme view and one that might be hard to follow through with, I think it brings up an interesting point. I believe life often is much more exciting than television, anyway!
Sixth, Rafe recommends children participate in the total meal experience -- preparation, eating and cleanup. He also discourages eating in front of a screen.
And last, holidays are a chance for parents to teach their children about history and tradition. He offers examples of watching an appropriate movie, reading a book together, visiting a military cemetery or placing flowers on graves on Veterans Day. This idea really strikes home for me. I love attending Memorial Day ceremonies; while they are sad reminders of the cost of war, it's easy to feel so proud of our country. Having family members who are veterans has instilled in me a deep appreciation for veterans' sacrifices. I am appreciative of my family for helping me understand the importance of such holidays.
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Post a Comment | <urn:uuid:eeac2b9a-c82e-4b9e-bec5-1c6c1ae99b80> | CC-MAIN-2016-26 | http://advertiser-tribune.com/page/blogs.detail/display/731/Great-book.html | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2016-26/segments/1466783396887.54/warc/CC-MAIN-20160624154956-00126-ip-10-164-35-72.ec2.internal.warc.gz | en | 0.981233 | 707 | 2.75 | 3 |
VItamin D Effect on Osteoarthritis Study (VIDEO)
|ClinicalTrials.gov Identifier: NCT01176344|
Recruitment Status : Completed
First Posted : August 6, 2010
Last Update Posted : September 9, 2015
|Condition or disease||Intervention/treatment||Phase|
|Osteoarthritis, Knee||Drug: Vitamin D Drug: Placebo||Phase 3|
Osteoarthritis (OA) is the most common joint disorder in the world. In 2004, OA was estimated to affect over 1.6 million Australians, with total costs of $1.4 billion. OA is the most frequent reason for joint replacement, at a cost of about $1 billion each year. Conventional treatment is palliative and costly, and currently there are no effective medical remedies for OA. These facts have led to 2000-2010 being labelled the Bone and Joint decade, and musculoskeletal disorders being recognised as a National Health Priority. The primary task for OA management should be to identify modifiable risk factors.
Vitamin D deficiency is very common in older people and has been linked with osteoporosis and falls in both older women and men. Emerging data suggests that it also plays an important role in the pathogenesis of knee OA. Firstly, vitamin D may have direct effects on chondrocytes in osteoarthritic cartilage; secondly, chronic vitamin D inadequacy in adults has adverse effects on calcium metabolism, osteoblast activity, matrix ossification and bone density, and thus could impair the ability of bone to respond optimally to pathophysiological processes in OA; and thirdly, low vitamin D levels are associated with loss of muscle strength and muscle mass in older men and women, which may be associated with an increased risk of knee OA. Some observational studies have shown that vitamin D insufficiency is associated with the progression and development of radiographic knee or hip OA. Recently we have demonstrated that baseline serum levels of 25-hydroxy-vitamin D(25-(OH)D) predicts change in cartilage volume in older adults over 2 years, and increases in vitamin D levels are associated with a further protective association. This suggests that vitamin D supplementation may enhance cartilage and bone health, and thus prevent disease progression in patients with knee OA.
The aim of this study is to compare the effects of vitamin D supplementation versus placebo on knee pain and knee structural changes in patients with symptomatic knee osteoarthritis over a 2- year period.
The proposed study design is a randomised, placebo-controlled, double-blind clinical trial. We will recruit 400 subjects (50-79 years old, having relatively good health and serum vitamin D level of <60 and >12.5 nmol/L) with symptomatic knee OA for at least 6 months using a combined strategy in Southern Tasmania and Melbourne. Participants in the intervention arm (n=200) will receive 50,000 IU (1.25 mg) cholecalciferol tablets given once monthly, whilst those in the control arm (n=200) will receive an identical inert placebo. All participants will be provided recommended standard of care. Knee structural changes including knee cartilage volume, cartilage defects, tibial bone area, bone marrow lesions, and meniscal pathology (assessed by MRI), and knee pain at baseline and 2 years later will be determined as outcome measures. Other explanatory factors, such as serum vitamin D levels, height, weight, physical activity, and smoking will also be determined through study period.
Observational evidence suggests that vitamin D deficiency may have a role in the progression of OA and there are biologically plausible mechanisms to explain this. However, randomized controlled trials using a sensitive method are required to determine whether intervening with vitamin D supplementation can in fact slow the progression of this disease. In this study, the randomized, placebo-controlled, double-blind design, and the use of MRI to provide sensitive and precise measures of knee structural change will ensure a rigorous evaluation of the impact of vitamin D supplementation on knee OA. It will be the first long term clinical trial to determine comprehensively the effects on knee structural changes (cartilage, bone) utilizing the pioneering MRI techniques and limb muscle strength assessment. This study builds upon previous clinical and epidemiological studies that supports the objectives of the Bone and Joint Decade organization and addresses a National Health Priority Area.
|Study Type :||Interventional (Clinical Trial)|
|Actual Enrollment :||413 participants|
|Intervention Model:||Parallel Assignment|
|Masking:||Quadruple (Participant, Care Provider, Investigator, Outcomes Assessor)|
|Official Title:||Does Vitamin D Supplementation Prevent Progression of Knee Osteoarthritis? A Randomised Controlled Trial|
|Study Start Date :||August 2010|
|Actual Primary Completion Date :||December 2013|
|Actual Study Completion Date :||December 2014|
Experimental: Vitamin D supplementation
Participants in the intervention arm will receive 50,000 IU (1.25 mg) cholecalciferol capsules given once monthly
Drug: Vitamin D
50,000 IU (1.25 mg) cholecalciferol capsules once monthly for 2 years
Placebo Comparator: Placebo
The control arm will receive identical inert placebo capsules given once monthly.
Inert placebo capsules once monthly for 2 years.
- Loss of knee cartilage volume [ Time Frame: Over 2 years (Cartilage volume will be assessed at baseline and 2 years later) ]Cartilage volume will be assessed using magnetic resonance imaging (MRI)
- Change in knee pain [ Time Frame: Over 2 years ]Assessed using WOMAC
- Progression of knee cartilage defects [ Time Frame: Over 2 years (Cartilahe defects will be measured at baseline and 2 years later) ]Knee cartilage defects will be measured using MRI.
- Change in bone marrow lesions [ Time Frame: Over 2 years ]Assessed using MRI
- Change in knee pain [ Time Frame: Over 2 years ]Assessed using VAS
- Change in physical function [ Time Frame: Over 2 years ]Assessed using WOMAC function
- Change in joint effusion [ Time Frame: Over 2 years ]Assessed using MRI
- Central blood pressure [ Time Frame: one year ]Radial applanation tonometry
- Aortic stiffness [ Time Frame: one year ]Carotid to femoral pulse wave velocity
Please refer to this study by its ClinicalTrials.gov identifier (NCT number): NCT01176344
|Menzies Research Institute, University of Tasmania|
|Hobart, Tasmania, Australia, 7000|
|Department of Epidemiology & Preventive Medicine, Monash University|
|Melbourne, Victoria, Australia, 3004|
|Principal Investigator:||Changhai Ding, MD||Menzies Research Institute & Monash University|
|Principal Investigator:||Graeme Jones, MD||Menzies Institute for Medical Research|
|Principal Investigator:||Flavia M Cicuttini, PhD||Monash University| | <urn:uuid:d0d71631-1f58-47b3-ba29-7830d0ec5246> | CC-MAIN-2018-26 | https://clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/show/NCT01176344 | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2018-26/segments/1529267860776.63/warc/CC-MAIN-20180618183714-20180618203714-00078.warc.gz | en | 0.83893 | 1,501 | 2.703125 | 3 |
Practicing meditation on a daily basis can improve your brain power. It increases your concentration and attention, and helps you to overcome triggers for unwanted impulses. It also increases your IQ and positive feelings toward yourself and others. Start use of modalert 200 helps to boost memory.
Meditation Improves Attention and Concentration
Whether you want to increase your attention and concentration to boost brain power or just get more done in less time, meditation may be a good option. Several studies have been conducted that indicate meditation has positive effects on brainpower. These benefits include improved memory, emotional regulation and concentration.
Some studies have found that meditation can increase brainwaves in the brain known as gamma waves. These waves are thought to be the fastest in the brain, and they are mainly responsible for processing information. Gamma waves also boost your mood and make you feel happier.
In a study published in the Journal of Neuroscience, researchers studied the effect of meditation on attention. Using an electroencephalogram machine, they measured five basic types of brainwaves. They found that the activity in the ventral posteromedial cortex (vPMC), the middle part of the brain, was more stable in meditators.
It Reduces Mental And Physical Pain Better Than Morphine
Several studies have shown that meditation can improve your life by reducing pain and improving overall health. Meditation is also a stress reliever. Stress is a major cause of doctor’s visits, and it causes your body to release chemicals that increase inflammation. It also affects your blood pressure and immune system. In fact, stress is a major reason for heart disease and stroke.
It has been around for centuries, with the first known recorded meditation occurring in India around 1500 BCE. The practice of focusing attention on the mind and body has been practiced throughout the ages, from ancient Egyptians to modern-day meditation practitioners. In fact, the practice of meditation is so old that it has even been studied by neuroscientists. The benefits of meditation include decreased stress, reduced blood pressure, improved immune function, and reduced pain and inflammation.
It Increases Positive Feelings And Actions Toward Yourself And Others
Several studies show that meditation can increase positive feelings and actions towards yourself and others. Meditation is often used to decrease psychological stress, enhance emotional well-being, and improve physical health.
It can help increase pro-sociality and self-care, as well as reduce feelings of guilt. It can also reduce posttraumatic stress disorder, anxiety, and depression. The beneficial effects of meditation are thought to be due to its ability to reduce cortisol levels, a hormone responsible for the harmful effects of stress.
It can also help you maintain healthy relationships with others. When your mind is free of worries, you can focus more on other people.
Studies have shown that meditation can reduce the negative impact of stress on the body, including high blood pressure and blood sugar levels. It also helps you cope with the stress of everyday life. Meditation can also improve your sleep patterns.
Meditation May Boost Your IQ
Whether you’re looking to increase your IQ or improve your overall well being, meditation may be the answer. Studies have shown that meditation increases both the size and the function of your brain. Meditation may also help you manage stress and reduce depression. You can also buy modafinil USA for best output.
One study showed that people who meditated daily for just a month experienced greater cognitive improvements than those who did not. Meditation improved participants’ working memory, attentional focus, and executive processes. The study also found that participants experienced less stress.
Studies have also shown that meditation can increase the size and activity of the hippocampus, an area associated with memory. The insula, which is associated with emotion integration, also shows increased activity during meditation.
It has also been shown to increase the thickness of the gray matter in the brain. The more gray matter in your brain, the better your cognitive performance. | <urn:uuid:98b4d7a9-8605-497e-8d2a-b64ed818ccb3> | CC-MAIN-2023-06 | https://edtechreader.com/how-meditation-helps-to-boost-brain-power-the-usa-meds/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2023-06/segments/1674764501066.53/warc/CC-MAIN-20230209014102-20230209044102-00800.warc.gz | en | 0.952998 | 801 | 2.71875 | 3 |
Thursday, January 02, 2014
Say goodbye to the regular light bulb this New Year.
For more than a century, the traditional incandescent bulb was the symbol of American innovation. Starting Jan. 1, the famous bulb is illegal to manufacture in the U.S., and it has become a fitting symbol for the collusion of big business and big government.
The 2007 Energy Bill, a stew of regulations and subsidies, set mandatory efficiency standards for most light bulbs. Any bulbs that couldn't produce a given brightness at the specified energy input would be illegal. That meant the 25-cent bulbs most Americans used in nearly every socket of their home would be outlawed.
People often assume green regulations like this represent the triumph of environmental activists trying to save the plant. That’s rarely the case, and it wasn't here. Light bulb manufacturers whole-heartedly supported the efficiency standards. General Electric, Sylvania and Philips — the three companies that dominated the bulb industry — all backed the 2007 rule, while opposing proposals to explicitly outlaw incandescent technology (thus leaving the door open for high-efficiency incandescents).
This wasn't a case of an industry getting on board with an inevitable regulation in order to tweak it. The lighting industry was the main reason the legislation was moving. As the New York Times reported in 2011, “Philips formed a coalition with environmental groups including the Natural Resources Defense Council to push for higher standards.”
Competitive markets with low costs of entry have a characteristic that consumers love and businesses lament: very low profit margins. GE, Philips and Sylvania dominated the U.S. market in incandescents, but they couldn’t convert that dominance into price hikes. Because of light bulb’s low material and manufacturing costs, any big climb in prices would have invited new competitors to undercut the giants — and that new competitor would probably have won a distribution deal with Wal-Mart.
So, simply the threat of competition kept profit margins low on the traditional light bulb — that's the magic of capitalism. GE and Sylvania searched for higher profits by improving the bulb — think of the GE Soft White bulb. These companies, with their giant research budgets, made advances with halogen, LED and fluorescent technologies, and even high-efficiency incandescents. They sold these bulbs at a much higher prices — but they couldn’t get many customers to buy them for those high prices. That's the hard part about capitalism — consumers, not manufacturers, get to demand what something is worth.
Capitalism ruining their party, the bulb-makers turned to government. Philips teamed up with NRDC. GE leaned on its huge lobbying army — the largest in the nation — and soon they were able to ban the low-profit-margin bulbs.
Labels: crony capitalism | <urn:uuid:d1b21a3b-5b60-4dca-8a79-bf0d93b66a74> | CC-MAIN-2018-05 | https://moneyrunner.blogspot.com/2014/01/industry-not-environmentalists-killed.html | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2018-05/segments/1516084887746.35/warc/CC-MAIN-20180119045937-20180119065937-00023.warc.gz | en | 0.955663 | 576 | 2.625 | 3 |
Written by Kaitlyn Schafer, MHC-TL
A study done in New Zealand (Brookie KL, 2018) found that eating raw fruits and vegetables reduced the rate of depression symptoms, higher positive mood, life satisfaction, and flourishing.
We have all tried to eat better or gone on a diet before. When we do this successfully we find ourselves feeling better about ourselves and more accomplished. Why is that? This study looks at eating raw fruits and vegetables does to your mental health specifically depression symptoms and wellbeing.
Raw fruits and vegetables has important micronutrients like vitamins and minerals that help with brain functioning. For example vitamin C and B, calcium, magnesium, and zinc. The study states that they looked at raw fruits and vegetables instead of cooked and/or steamed due to the loss of nutrients in the process.
The study consisted of 422 young adults ages 18-25 living in New Zealand and the United States. They reported that they chose this demographic due to the higher rates of reported depression levels and reduced fruit and vegetable intake.
Researchers found that the top ten raw foods related to decreased depression symptoms and overall wellbeing included carrots, bananas, apples, dark leafy greens like spinach, grapefruit, lettuce, citrus fruits, fresh berries, cucumber, and kiwifruit.
The study found that positive mood increased dependent on how many servings of raw fruits and vegetables. Positive mood increased with every serving to 6.5 servings. Then the positive mood plateaued. The 6.5 servings are both raw fruits and vegetables.
This study adds to the growing concern that what we eat is affecting not only our physical health but our mental health as well. An apple a day keeps the doctor away, right? This could be a great alternative for people who do not want to take medication for mental health disorders and are looking for more homeopathic alternative. We advise people to consult their doctor before making drastic lifestyle changes.
Brookie KL, Best GI and Conner TS (2018) Intake of Raw Fruits and Vegetables Is Associated With Better Mental Health Than Intake of Processed Fruits and Vegetables. Front. Psychol. 9:487. doi: 10.3389/fpsyg.2018.00487 | <urn:uuid:785870ca-e8c6-46db-a17d-916971124250> | CC-MAIN-2023-40 | https://fullheartfamilytherapy.com/you-are-what-you-eat-raw-fruits-and-vegetables-are-linked-to-reduction-of-depression-levels/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2023-40/segments/1695233506528.3/warc/CC-MAIN-20230923194908-20230923224908-00215.warc.gz | en | 0.936019 | 483 | 2.953125 | 3 |
Initiative, referendum, and recall enable voters, by petition, to propose or repeal legislation, or to remove an elected official from office. Eighteen states permit the recall of state officials; NYS does not. The recall of California Governor Gray Davis in 2003 was a recent instance of recall.
It is unlikely that US Senators and Representatives can be recalled under state law.
- In 1967 US Senator Frank Church was the subject of an unsuccessful recall effort. Courts ruled that a federal official is not subject to state recall laws.
- In 2009 Joseph Cao, U.S. representative for Louisiana’s 2nd congressional district, was found ineligible for recall.
The United States Constitution does not provide for recall of United States officers such as Senators, Representatives, or the President or Vice President. No member of Congress has ever been recalled.
The Constitution does provide two methods for removing a President.
- Twenty-fifth Amendment
Neither of these is very practical nor has been successfully used; either would be controversial, most likely. Recall, if it were possible, might allow the removal of a President without partisan wrangling–a vote of the people would avoid the appearance of partisan unfairness. | <urn:uuid:8cd743a0-f1d7-4c9f-86b8-986d286d6bb6> | CC-MAIN-2020-05 | https://newny23rd.com/2018/04/20/recall/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2020-05/segments/1579250598726.39/warc/CC-MAIN-20200120110422-20200120134422-00140.warc.gz | en | 0.964786 | 243 | 3.515625 | 4 |
Knüsel, Ariane (2007). British diplomacy and the telegraph in Nineteenth-Century China. Diplomacy and Statecraft, 18(3):517-537.
Full text not available from this repository.
Until the 1870s British officials in China often acted without the Foreign Office's official consent because they could only communicate with London via mail. In the 1870s telegraph lines connected China to Europe. The Chinese government initially opposed foreign telegraph lines arguing that they undermined Chinese authority. British diplomats in China were also wary of the telegraph because it allowed the Foreign Office to intervene more quickly. From the 1880s the telegraph was increasingly used as an instrument of imperialism in China. The Boxer Rebellion in 1900 showed how important the telegraph had become as means of communication.
|Item Type:||Journal Article, refereed, original work|
|Communities & Collections:||06 Faculty of Arts > Institute of History|
|Deposited On:||09 May 2012 10:41|
|Last Modified:||23 Nov 2012 12:39|
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Repository Staff Only: item control page | <urn:uuid:955bf412-d7c1-41f4-8fb6-0b59977a463b> | CC-MAIN-2014-35 | http://www.zora.uzh.ch/62211/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2014-35/segments/1408500828050.28/warc/CC-MAIN-20140820021348-00456-ip-10-180-136-8.ec2.internal.warc.gz | en | 0.820562 | 244 | 3.109375 | 3 |
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