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by Kimberly Allen, RN
It’s a fact that as each birthday goes by not only do we age chronologically but our body ages as well. As people continue to fight the battle against age both physically and mentally much research has been done looking for the best way to accomplish it. There have been numerous studies that have shown regular exercise can slow the aging process of the body as well as the brain. There have also been several studies showing how the brain reacts to certain foods. One study determined that a diet that is high in saturated fats caused damage to the neurons that control of energy. There have also been several studies that indicate when you eat can be as important as what you eat. One well known example is that school children have been shown to have improved learning skills and memory when they eat before school.
Research has indicated that you can significantly improve your brain health and maintain it even as you age chronologically if you add certain “smart foods” to your diet. Blueberries have also been called “brainberries”. Studies have shown that blueberries assist in protecting the brain from oxidative stress. Blueberries have also been shown to diminish the effects of certain conditions that are age related like Alzheimer’s. Studies have also indicated a diet that contains blueberries daily significantly increases motor skills and learning capacity.
Wild salmon is a deep water fish that is high in the omega-3 essential fatty acids that are crucial to brain function. Other fish that contain significant amounts of omega-3 fatty acids are herring and sardines. Eating fish rich in omega-3 fatty acids three times a week can significantly improve your brain health.
Nuts and seeds are rich in vitamin E as well as several other nutrients including protein, fiber and antioxidants and other vitamins and minerals. Research has shown that eating an ounce a day can improve cognitive function. Nuts also improve the health of your heart and blood vessels which in turn improves oxygen flow to the brain resulting in improved brain function.
Avocados are felt to be nearly as good as blueberries by many researchers. Avocados are rich in monounsaturated fat which improves blood flow. When your blood flow is healthy your blood pressure is lower and your brain is receiving more oxygen which results in improved cognitive function. However, as avocados are high in calories experts say that you should eat no more than 1/4 to 1/2 of an avocado no more than once a day.
Whole grains are also important because they improve cardiac function and if there’s good cardiac function that means there’s good blood flow to the brain. Good blood flow means increased oxygen which in turn improves cognitive function.
Drinking pomegranate juice and freshly brewed tea can also enhance your focus and memory as well as your mood. They are also loaded with antioxidants which have numerous health benefits. And don’t forget water. Believe it or not drinking water increases your alertness.
Saving the best for last, dark chocolate has lots of powerful antioxidants as well as natural stimulants that improve focus and concentration. Dark chocolate also activates endorphin production which improves your mood. The key to dark chocolate is that you only need up to one ounce per day to receive all the benefits you need. Unfortunately this is one of those instances when more is not better.
Eating the right foods can help you maximize the use of your brain. As with many other things if you don’t use it you’ll lose it . In this case the more you use it the more you stimulate new cell growth as well as create new connections. It also improves your memory and problem solving skills.
Kimberly Allen is a registered nurse with an AND in nursing. She has worked in ACF, LCF and psychiatric facilities, although she spent most of her career as a home health expert. She is now a regular contributor to HealthAndFitnessTalk.com, dispensing advice and knowledge about medical issues and questions. You can reach her with any comments or questions at firstname.lastname@example.org. | <urn:uuid:6ff3fe7b-1523-4e40-b974-600664abaf91> | CC-MAIN-2021-25 | http://www.healthandfitnesstalk.com/eat-your-way-to-good-mental-health/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2021-25/segments/1623488556133.92/warc/CC-MAIN-20210624141035-20210624171035-00245.warc.gz | en | 0.972452 | 833 | 3.5 | 4 |
Global Warming: Science or Sensation? Feeling Warm Makes People More Likely to Believe
The debate over the veracity of global warming may be judged not by pure science but rather, perception. Being in a warm room can make the idea of global warming seem more likely, according to Clayton Critcher, assistant professor of marketing.
A new study co-authored by Critcher finds that when people feel warmer—either because they are out in the hot sun or because they are in an overheated room—they believe in global warming more. The findings were published online in the Journal of Personality and Social Psychology onJan. 20. Jane Risen, assistant professor of behavioral science at the University of Chicago’s Booth School of Business, is the co-author.
“These findings suggest a new persuasive tactic – one that can be used to assist with the dissemination of expert opinion; unfortunately, it can also be used more sinisterly to create unjustified public skepticism,” says Critcher.
Participants in one study who were asked to answer a questionnaire outdoors were more likely to report that global warming is a proven fact the higher the outdoor temperature. To confirm that the feeling of warmth is what sways participants’ views, rather than the hot weather itself as evidence of a warming planet, the researchers conducted the same experiment indoors.
They found that participants answering the questionnaire in a heated cubicle were more likely to believe in global warming, suggesting that it was the experience of heat, not the information that it conveyed, that impacted people’s beliefs.
"When a student is sick with anxiety about an upcoming test, the prospect of failure is easy to imagine. Similarly, when a person is feeling warm, it is easier to imagine what global warming would feel like. This ease of simulation makes global warming feel imminent," says Critcher.
Critcher and Risen then tested the idea that feeling warm allows people to form a sharper image in their minds of a world becoming hotter, which in turn intensifies people’s beliefs in global warming.
Participants in one experiment indicated the sharpness or dullness with which they were imagining hot arid landscapes by adjusting the clarity of photos. Those in a heated cubicle made the images of hot and arid landscapes look much sharper than did those who were in a room-temperature cubicle. Moreover, showing people clearer (versus more distorted) images of these same hot landscapes led them to believe in global warming more. In combination, this suggests that while feeling warm, people have a sharper mental image of what a hot world would be like, and the clarity of this simulation makes people more likely to believe in global warming.
These results are neither unique to the experience of feeling warm nor to the issue of global warming. In another experiment, the researchers found that participants who were led to experience thirst by eating pretzels were more likely to agree that desertification and drought will increasingly threaten people’s ability to find fresh drinking water. This further validates the finding that people will judge a certain condition of the world as more likely if it fits with what they are experiencing at that moment.
For More Information: | <urn:uuid:40426f83-4a4e-44b2-b844-c00db8764ff2> | CC-MAIN-2019-09 | https://vcresearch.berkeley.edu/news/global-warming-science-or-sensation-feeling-warm-makes-people-more-likely-believe | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2019-09/segments/1550247489729.11/warc/CC-MAIN-20190219081639-20190219103639-00396.warc.gz | en | 0.960652 | 647 | 3.28125 | 3 |
The militarisation of Crimea has allowed Russia to re-establish the dominance in the Black Sea Basin lost after the breakup of the USSR. Since 2014, the number of Russian soldiers stationed in Crimea has doubled to almost 32,000. There are now six times as many armoured vehicles and combat aircraft and eight times as many artillery pieces. What is more, the railway connection between Crimea and the Russian Federation, opened in December 2019, allows the latter to transfer additional forces from the North Caucasus rapidly.
The strengthened potential of the Russian navy in Crimea serves as a counterweight to NATO units in the Black Sea. The number of Russian ships stationing on the peninsula has doubled. Most of them are new submarines and missile corvettes, which technically exceed the potential of NATO units in the region. If necessary, Russia can strengthen these forces with Caspian Fleet ships using the Volga-Don Canal.
At the same time, Russia is expanding its missile capabilities. Radars deployed in Crimea allow Russia to identify targets in the entire Black Sea area. The identified air and sea units are within range of its S-400, Bastion, and ballistic missile systems located on the peninsula. The Bastion systems can engage naval and ground targets on the Black Sea and the coast of NATO countries—Romania and Turkey. The S-400 systems’ range covers most of the Black Sea, southern Ukraine, and the coast of Romania.
Georgia, Bulgaria, Romania, Turkey, and Ukraine do not have sufficient reconnaissance means or missile and naval forces to counterbalance the Russian advantage. While the potential of the Turkish navy is comparable to that of the Russian Black Sea Fleet, Russia’s missile systems can reduce its effectiveness (Turkey does not have similar missile capacities). The Ukrainian navy has been almost deprived of its ability to perform tasks beyond the defence of the western coastline after Russia took most of its ships in 2014. The situation was not improved by the entry into service of six Ukraine-built artillery boats and two patrol ships received from the U.S. Only Romania and Bulgaria have slightly higher maritime potential. The Georgian navy was abolished and incorporated into the Georgian Coast Guard in 2009 due to the losses it suffered during the war with Russia in 2008. It has only patrol units at its disposal.
NATO has limited capacity to strengthen its military presence in the Black Sea. Under the Montreux Convention, ships from countries outside the Black Sea can stay in the area for a maximum of 21 days. These countries are also prohibited from directing submarines and aircraft carriers to the Black Sea and are restricted by tonnage limits.
The Russian aggression against Ukraine and the resulting increased presence of Russian troops in Crimea have had a negative impact on the economic development of Black Sea countries, for example, by blocking trade routes. Russia restricts freedom of navigation in the Sea of Azov, closing selected areas under its control on the pretext of military exercises and conducting numerous and time-consuming inspections of merchant ships sailing to the Ukrainian ports of Mariupol and Berdyansk. The result is a drop in cargo turnover in these ports from 16 million tonnes in 2014 to 7.5 million tonnes in 2018, with estimated losses to both ports of around €18.5 million per year. Similar actions, although on a smaller scale, such as closing selected areas of the Black Sea near sea lanes leading to Ukrainian Black Sea ports under the pretext of military exercises, were repeated by Russia in the area to the west of Crimea. Moreover, the construction of a bridge over the Kerch Strait has allowed Russia to completely block access to the Azov Sea.
The Russian military presence in Crimea reduces the chances of new energy projects being implemented in the region, such as the Sarmatia project, launched in 2004, involving the export of Azerbaijani crude oil via a pipeline through Georgia, followed by tankers to Ukraine and then overland to Poland (with the possibility of transport to Belarus). It discourages investors from launching new extraction projects on the Ukrainian continental shelf as well. In the future, it may also hinder the implementation of plans to build an LNG terminal near Odesa, Ukraine, due to, for example, Russian naval exercises in the Black Sea (the project is currently blocked because of opposition from Turkey, which controls the Bosporus and Dardanelles straits).
Reaction of Countries in the Region
The Black Sea states do not have a common position regarding the militarisation of Crimea. Of the NATO countries, only Romania is unambiguously in favour of increasing the Alliance military presence in the region. It has purchased U.S. armaments (Patriot and Himars missile systems, F-16 fighter jets), elements of an anti-missile shield have been deployed on its territory, it plans to modernise its navy, and takes part in joint exercises of the Alliance with Ukraine. Turkey has a negative attitude towards the militarisation of Crimea; however, it does not support increasing the capabilities of other NATO states, preferring to take independent action to deter Russia—among other things, it offers Ukraine funds to purchase Turkish armaments. Bulgaria opposes the militarisation of the Black Sea by all parties. What is more, it does not perceive Russia as a military threat but considers the Russian military presence to be a balancing power to the Turkish military. For this reason, it will not allow the construction of a NATO naval base on its territory and in 2016 blocked the establishment of a permanent Alliance fleet in the Black Sea.
Ukraine regularly tries to point to the dangers of Russia’s growing military presence in Crimea. The former was one of the initiators (along with Poland and other countries) of a UN General Assembly resolution adopted in December 2019 that expressed concern about the militarisation of Crimea and calling on Russia to cease its actions restricting freedom of navigation in the region. The Ukrainian navy, despite its limited potential, participates in joint exercises with NATO in the Black Sea and is gradually rebuilding its forces in cooperation with France and the U.S. Georgia is strengthening its cooperation with NATO by participating in joint land exercises. However, it does not plan to rebuild its fleet due to high costs.
Conclusions and Prospects
The actions pursued by NATO so far—reconnaissance flights, the rotating presence of Alliance states’ ships—are not sufficient to balance Russia’s advantage gained as a result of the militarisation of occupied Crimea. This would require an increase in NATO capabilities in the region, in particular its missile systems, aviation, and reconnaissance. The Alliance should address the issue of the military imbalance on its Southern Flank as part of the NATO strategic reflection that is in the early stages.
Russia’s actions in the Black Sea limit the chances of implementing energy projects that could provide Central and Eastern Europe with alternatives to Russian supplies. The militarisation of Crimea also has a negative impact on the security of oil supplies by sea from Azerbaijan to Ukraine. This will result in a drop in the profitability of Ukrainian refineries and the preservation of Ukraine’s dependence on fuels from Russia.
In the future, Russia may again blockade the Azov Sea and hinder ship traffic to and from Ukrainian ports on the Black Sea in order to destabilise the country’s economic situation. This would result in a further decline in the attractiveness of Ukrainian ports in favour of Romanian and Bulgarian infrastructure. It would also harm the Ukrainian metallurgical sector and agriculture, both highly dependent on sea exports. Further military provocations against Ukraine would also be possible, aimed at weakening the authority of the central Ukrainian government and sabotaging the ongoing Donbas peace process.
Russia’s militarisation of Crimea does not provide any basis for the EU to start talks on lifting the sanctions against the country, imposed over its annexation of the peninsula, or to intensify the process of “selective engagement” with Russia. | <urn:uuid:9c275444-8dfe-4713-aeb5-c569a1011cdf> | CC-MAIN-2020-34 | https://pism.pl/publications/The_Significance_of_Russias_Militarisation_of_Crimea | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2020-34/segments/1596439739046.14/warc/CC-MAIN-20200813132415-20200813162415-00256.warc.gz | en | 0.953455 | 1,591 | 2.796875 | 3 |
Darwin Harbour Integrated Marine Monitoring and Research Program
Long term environmental monitoring programs are currently under development in the Darwin Harbour region. These program have been vastly enhanced with the generosity of the Ichthys LNG Project in funding a significant long-term (40 year) program of monitoring and research.
This will allow Water Resources to invest in priority research in the harbour to learn more about water, sediment quality and mangrove health. This will tell us more about the many plants and animals that live in the mangroves.
This additional information will inform our future monitoring program and help to better protect the harbour.
Research projects have been initiated to find out the following:
- how mangrove sediments are polluted by metals from storm water
- how microbes in the sediments affect nutrients
- whether mangrove sediments are accumulating or being washed away
- whether mangrove plant cover and types can be monitored using remote sensing satellite imagery.
The aim of the Integrated Marine Monitoring and Research Program (IMMRP) is to better coordinate, and wherever possible, integrate monitoring and research activities to provide a holistic, scientifically credible assessment of the region’s aquatic ecological health and build a knowledge base to inform adaptive management to maintain and protect the region’s environmental values.
The coordination committee
A stakeholder coordination committee of major Darwin Harbour Region environmental monitoring and management organisations, and research institutions has been established to facilitate the development and implementation of the IMMRP.
Stakeholders include INPEX Pty Ltd, ConocoPhillips, Power and Water Corporation, Darwin Port Operations, Charles Darwin University, Australian Institute of Marine Science, Department of Defence, Darwin City Council and the Department of Environment and Natural Resources.
Last updated: 24 March 2016
Share this page:URL copied! | <urn:uuid:884a57df-9f72-4c31-8c9d-9bf6a18bd3ca> | CC-MAIN-2021-43 | https://depws.nt.gov.au/water/water-management/darwin-harbour/darwin-harbour-integrated-marine-monitoring-and-research-program | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2021-43/segments/1634323585441.99/warc/CC-MAIN-20211021195527-20211021225527-00086.warc.gz | en | 0.893206 | 368 | 2.625 | 3 |
Flashcards in Lesson 2 Deck (12):
*Is there any advantage in arriving early?
*he was advantageously born into a rich family.
SYN arrival, Emergence.
(With the advent of Internet,computer,technology)
*with the advent of computers, many tasks have been made easier.
*The newspapers announced the advent of the concert season.
*his trip was successful, albeit tiring.
*albeit difficult at times, speaking another language is rewarding.
SYN charming, alluring
*working abroad is appealing to many people.
*through his speeches, the candidate appealed to the voters.
*the celebrated pianists will be giving a concert this weekend.
*san Fransisco is celebrated for its multicultural makeup.
(Contemporary life, art, artist, writer)
modern, up to date
*contemporary architecture makes very good use of space.
* Cervantes was a contemporary of Shakespeare.
*many publishers distribute their newspaper directly to homes in their area.
*the distribution of seeds is very quick with this new machines.
(n) encouragement, encourager
to promote, help or support
*the government cut taxes in order to encourage spending.
*the professor gave each student of the encouragement that was needed to learn the material.
SYN weak, fragile
*the frail wings of the newborn bird could not lift it off the guard.
*since, one of the frailties of human is laziness, women are unwilling to work.
*throughout history myths were created in an attempt to explain many common natural occurrences.
*mythology is the study of legends and fables.
*factories must refine oil before it can be used as fuel.
*a squirt of lime juice is the perfect refinement to cola. | <urn:uuid:b6915dc9-28e1-4070-99e3-185921870fc6> | CC-MAIN-2018-26 | https://www.brainscape.com/flashcards/lesson-2-3422853/packs/5293823 | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2018-26/segments/1529267861980.33/warc/CC-MAIN-20180619060647-20180619080647-00090.warc.gz | en | 0.915448 | 382 | 2.71875 | 3 |
Movement that originated in U.S. Judaism in the 1920s. It regards Judaism only as a specific human culture, rejects the tradition of a transcendent deity who made a covenant with his chosen people, and does not accept the Bible as the inspired word of God. Its principles, as enunciated by Mordecai Menahem Kaplan, are based on the belief that Jews can live a distinctively Jewish cultural life without being religiously observant. Reconstructionists today number about 60,000.
This entry comes from Encyclopædia Britannica Concise.
For the full entry on Reconstructionism, visit Britannica.com.
Seen & Heard
What made you look up Reconstructionism? Please tell us what you were reading, watching or discussing that led you here. | <urn:uuid:4bd4ba6c-0d1e-49b7-a10a-cdcb7c6d49ae> | CC-MAIN-2014-49 | http://www.merriam-webster.com/concise/reconstructionism | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2014-49/segments/1416400372202.67/warc/CC-MAIN-20141119123252-00172-ip-10-235-23-156.ec2.internal.warc.gz | en | 0.956836 | 161 | 3.625 | 4 |
At Aston students are aware of their rights, encouraged to express their views and make meaningful contributions to improve school life. Platforms such as student council and student equality action group provide students with the means to discuss and make proposals to improve matters that directly involve them. Pupil and parent voice initiatives also provide opportunities for parents and students to have their voices heard. Students are encouraged to reflect on global and contemporary issues and are given opportunities in lessons and tutor time to discuss their views and opinions.
Rule of law
School rules and expectations are clear, fair and regularly referred to. Students are taught that with rights come responsibilities –that the enjoyment of rights and liberty is only possible if individuals take responsibility for their behaviour. At Aston we support students to understand the purpose of the law and the basis on which it is made. The academy’s behaviour and anti-bullying policy makes it clear that any form of aggression, intimidation, abuse or violence is unacceptable and will not be tolerated. All staff have a responsibility to recognise safeguarding concerns and to raise them with the designated safeguarding team.
Tolerance and Mutual Respect
Respect is one of the core values of our academy and is exemplified in our mission statement – that ‘every person is unique and we work together in an inclusive environment of mutual respect and consideration, valuing everyone’s contribution’
At Aston, students develop an understanding of and respect for their own culture and other cultures and ways of life. Through the RPE curriculum, students explore the beliefs, practices and values of different faiths and have the opportunity to visit local faith communities and places of worship. Through the PSHCE curriculum, students are encouraged to discuss and respect differences, to understand the harms that prejudice and discrimination on the basis of gender, sex, sexuality, race, religion, and disability can cause. Students and staff are encouraged to challenge any prejudicial and/or discriminatory behaviour.
Students are taught that everyone’s contribution is valuable. At Aston, students develop an understanding of human rights, the responsibilities that underpin them and are helped to understand how these rights can be exercised safely.
Students are encouraged to take responsibility for their behaviour and are encouraged by staff to make the right choices.
Students are also encouraged to think and express their opinions in a thoughtful, safe and supportive environment. The academy curriculum and enrichment programme seeks to develop student’s self-esteem and confidence. | <urn:uuid:0ac681df-1d76-4f61-a6c3-b5b21f16cbd9> | CC-MAIN-2023-50 | https://www.astonacademy.org/page/?title=British+Values&pid=152 | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2023-50/segments/1700679100232.63/warc/CC-MAIN-20231130193829-20231130223829-00671.warc.gz | en | 0.954386 | 491 | 2.53125 | 3 |
Innovation of the week
“How would you like a toy, steering wheel, wall, or electric guitar with a touch pad?” said Rachel Metz in TechnologyReview.com. Most touch screens today are flat, because it can be tricky to add touch responsiveness to bumpy or irregular surfaces. But researchers at Carnegie Mellon University say they have created a “cheap, simple” way to add a touch pad to everyday objects “by spraying them with conductive paint, adding electrodes, and computing where you press on them.” In a demo video, the researchers showed how the technique, called Electrick, could let you control a room light. Tapping an “Electrick-ified” area of the wall turns the light on and off and sliding a finger dims the bulb. A sprayed steering wheel was also able to “detect the presence of hands and gestures.” Yang Zhang, the graduate student who led the project, hopes to make Electrick into a commercial product after further testing. | <urn:uuid:2bb2b08e-deca-4c0a-bf32-d4945d79557d> | CC-MAIN-2018-39 | http://theweek.com/print/358994/25592/innovation-week | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2018-39/segments/1537267156096.0/warc/CC-MAIN-20180919083126-20180919103126-00465.warc.gz | en | 0.93279 | 214 | 2.59375 | 3 |
Alcohol consumption rising fast
Alcohol consumption among adults in Iceland is significantly lower than the OECD average but is on the rise, according to a new OECD report.
The report, entitled Tackling Harmful Alcohol Use: Economics and Public Health Policy, examines the economic and public health dimensions of harmful alcohol use in the 34 countries of the Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development (OECD).
Iceland significantly below OECD average
According to the report, “[a]verage (recorded) annual consumption [in 2012] in OECD countries is 9.1 litres of pure alcohol per capita, the equivalent of over 100 bottles of wine, or over 200 litres of average strength beer.”
The 2012 figure for Iceland is significantly lower, at just 6.3 litres per person per year. This places Iceland in 27th place overall, i.e. only seven OECD countries currently have a lower alcohol consumption rate than Iceland.
The three lowest consumers are Indonesia (34th), Turkey (33rd) and India (32nd), and the highest, France (3rd), Austria (2nd) and Estonia (1st). Estonians are reported to drink 12.3 litres of alcohol a year, almost double the Icelandic rate.
35% increase since 1992
An overview of alcohol-consumption trends over time, however, paints a rather less positive picture of Iceland. Iceland is one of six countries – together with Finland, Israel, Norway, Poland and Sweden – singled out as having seen significant rises in alcohol consumption over recent decades.
Over the twenty-year period 1992-2012, alcohol consumption among adults in the OECD as a whole has decreased by some 2.5%, to 9.1 litres. Over that same time, consumption in Iceland has increased by some 35%, to 6.3 litres per person per year.
The report highlights that “[h]armful alcohol use is a leading cause of death and disability worldwide, especially in people of working age” and “is on the rise among young people and women in many OECD countries”. Alcohol consumption in OECD countries (most of which are European countries) remains well above the world average.
The full OECD report can be consulted here. | <urn:uuid:2d9506c0-3212-4bc8-83ec-f0f816357b89> | CC-MAIN-2019-26 | https://icelandmonitor.mbl.is/news/politics_and_society/2015/05/15/alcohol_consumption_rising_fast/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2019-26/segments/1560627999964.8/warc/CC-MAIN-20190625233231-20190626015231-00136.warc.gz | en | 0.936265 | 456 | 2.59375 | 3 |
“In a drought, everything that can go wrong, goes wrong. And it’s compounded in more ways than you think.”
For example, says Larry Hollis, Kansas State University Extension veterinarian, take water. “When we get into problems, the quantity is obvious to us, but the quality kind of sneaks up on us.”
Water, he says, is the first limiting nutrient. If cattle can’t drink, they don’t care much about eating. And cows don’t make milk out of thin air.
“If the water isn’t clear enough, the dissolved solids are too high; she may not drink as much, her lactation is going to go down and she’s going to do a poor job of raising her calf. We blame it on the feed, but the water may be the primary driver,” Hollis says.
Where trouble lies is in dissolved salts, which will concentrate as the water level gets lower and lower in a pond. However, Hollis says you don’t necessarily need to know what everything is in the water; if you can determine total dissolved solids, you can get a good picture of the general quality of your stock water.
Below 3,000 parts per million (ppm), there’s no problem. It’s good, drinkable water, he says. “If it’s 3,000-5,000 ppm, it’s going to start affecting performance. That’s the one that sneaks up on us.”
Cattle are already struggling with performance because they’re short on groceries. But the water plays a part as well. At that level, cattle start losing feed efficiency and develop loose stools. “That’s a dead giveaway that they’ve got too much mineral in their water, the dissolved solids are too high,” Hollis says.
Above 5,000 ppm is where you start to see serious health problems. Cows can abort their calves and can begin to suffer serious health problems of their own.
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“One thing I’d caution you about,” Hollis says, “is that if you’ve got cows that have basically run out of water and you have to move them to better water, don’t just turn them out. If you don’t manage it right, they’ll tank up on that water and the salt that’s already in their system will pull too much water into the bloodstream.” That will cause their brain to swell, he says, which could be fatal.
You can manage that by restricting their consumption until they reach equilibrium. “Put out say a 12-ft. tub, put a couple of inches of water in it and let them come up and drink,” he says. “Then wait a little bit and put a little more in there. Take the whole day to let them get watered up. If you go too fast, if you let them ad-lib drink, they’ll kill themselves because they are water-starved.”
You might also like: | <urn:uuid:a532b68e-57a9-448a-82e6-4e47c3aabbff> | CC-MAIN-2017-26 | http://www.beefmagazine.com/pasture-range/drought-water-woes-abound | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2017-26/segments/1498128323970.81/warc/CC-MAIN-20170629121355-20170629141355-00203.warc.gz | en | 0.960104 | 692 | 2.609375 | 3 |
“Virtual reality is proving to be a viable solution to easing the social anxiety teens with ADHD and Asperger’s syndrome encounter daily.
These teens go through tremendous difficulty developing the social skills to interact with peers and adults in what most consider normal social situations.
The Center for Brain Health at the University of Texas has been successfully improving these teens social anxiety via VR sessions, helping them to make friends and communicate openly.”
Blog by Raphael Konforti at VR Fitness Insider
News report by NBC News Today
Read more: http://www.vrfitnessinsider.com/vr-helps-teens-social-anxiety/
“What can virtual reality, the technology that arguably takes the viewer farthest away from the tangible world, teach students about expressing themselves and interacting with each other?
Two experiments at two very different California schools [San Jose’s Alpha Public School and The Synapse School in Palo Alto] aimed to find out.
The members believe that “social and emotional learning (SEL) in its current state doesn’t engender real feelings in students because it isn’t immersive.
Often, SEL exercises involve students role-playing in pre-set scenarios that lack verisimilitude or immediacy.
It is difficult to imagine a teenager volunteering to participate in such a stilted interaction.
That’s where virtual reality and its accoutrement come in.”
By Blake Montgomery at EdSurge
Photo by Versatile
Read more: https://www.edsurge.com/news/2016-08-16-stanford-experiments-with-virtual-reality-social-emotional-learning-and-oculus-rift
“With VR headsets selling out faster than manufacturers can create them, the future looks bright for mass adoption, and that could well mean that an Oculus Rift looks just as natural in the doctor’s surgery as stethoscopes and needles.
Here is a list of some novel uses for VR in mental health and beyond:”
1. As a treatment for paranoia
2. Providing phantom limb pain relief
3. As a super-effective pain killer
4. Helping PTSD sufferers live with their trauma
5. As a controlled virtual environment for alcoholics
6. As training for lazy eyes
7. As social cognition training for young autistic adults
By Alan Martin at Alphr
Image: D Coetzee used under Creative Commons
Read more: http://www.alphr.com/bioscience/1003387/6-ways-virtual-reality-is-transforming-healthcare
“Kevin, a ‘Virtual Interactive Training Agent’ [ViTA] was designed [by the USC Institute for Creative Technologies] to help students with autism spectrum disorder.”
“After seeing ViTA DMF in action, we realized there is limitless potential to help in many of the soft skill areas where folks on the autism spectrum struggle, both in and out of the workplace,” said psychologist Skip Rizzo, ICT’s director of medical virtual reality, who co-leads the project.
“We can provide experiential practice with a virtual human to help students practice a range of social and vocational skills, including how to take turns properly in a discussion, how to respond when someone says something inappropriate or even how to make small talk.”
Image by USC Institute for Creative Technologies
By Orli Belman at USC News
Read more: https://news.usc.edu/98577/virtual-job-interviews-prepare-students-with-autism-for-work/
“Speech language pathologists at Autumn Care are taking action to help their patients fight dysphagia with virtual reality therapy.
The facility uses the Synchrony Dysphagia Solution from Accelerated Care Plus, to help their patients with the swallowing disorder. It gives patients and their therapists a chance to look inside, at the muscles used to swallow.
“There is an electrode that you place close to the muscles you want to look at and the biofeedback on the screen shows us what they are doing,” explained Erin Breckenridge, a speech language pathologist at Autumn Care.”
BY ALLISON MECHANIC at WTKR News
Read more: http://wtkr.com/2016/04/06/portsmouth-rehabilitation-facility-using-virtual-reality-to-help-patients/
“The [University of Mississippi] School of Education is using a program that allows teachers-in-training to practice classroom skills in a virtual setting before sending them into local elementary and secondary schools.
The simulated TeachLivE classroom consists of an 80-inch monitor with five student avatars. Each avatar has his or her own personality.”
By Madeleine Beck at The DM Online
Read more: http://thedmonline.com/teachers-in-training-learn-through-virtual-reality/
“A new Android app for Google Cardboard aims to help you get over your fears by putting you in front of a virtual audience
Public Speaking for Cardboard lets you choose between two locations — a small conference room and a large auditorium — with animated audience members and ambient noise to simulate the experience of speaking on stage.”
By 3D VR Central
Image: Virtual Speech
Read more: http://3dvrcentral.com/2016/02/08/use-virtual-reality-to-overcome-your-fear-of-public-speaking/
“Over the last several years, VR has moved from being the purview of the military and aviation to the mainstream of professional development, as managers, instructors, coaches and therapists have claimed increasing benefit from immersive experiences.
Perhaps the most utopian application of this technology will be seen in terms of bridging cultures and fostering understanding among young students.
Potentially, a collaboration between these innovative VR platform offerings could result in a curator or artist guiding a group of thousands around a museum exhibition or cultural site, or an actor or professor leading a virtual master class in real time with students from all over the world.”
By Elizabeth Reede for TechCrunch
Read more: http://techcrunch.com/2016/01/23/when-virtual-reality-meets-education/
“Albert “Skip” Rizzo is a pioneer in virtual technology. His newest program is the the Virtual Interactive Training Agent, or VITA.
It was developed by the USC Institute for Creative Technologies, in partnership with the Dan Marino Foundation.
For people on the autism spectrum, Rizzo says, job interviews can be particularly daunting.
VITA helps people practice questions with a virtual interviewer.
By JENNY AMENT at WWNO
Read more: http://wwno.org/post/land-job-help-virtual-reality
“To understand how to help aspiring soloists at the Royal College of Music develop the necessary resilience required, professor of performance science Aaron Williamon sought ideas from a field where the stakes are about as high as they can get. “Today, trainee surgeons often learn their trade in a virtual operating theatre,” he says.
“They work on mannequins with realistic-looking wounds, with just the right auditory and visual cues at the right times, to draw the surgeon into the same physical and psychological mode as in an actual operation.”
Inspired by this, he created the world’s first virtual concert hall, complete with backstage area, backstage manager and green room”.
By David Cox at The Guardian
Photo by Royal College of Music
Read more: http://www.theguardian.com/music/2015/sep/08/how-classical-musicians-cope-with-performance-stress
More info: Royal College of Music http://www.rcm.ac.uk/cps/simulator/ | <urn:uuid:637eff67-2277-4bba-854f-e10411e045a0> | CC-MAIN-2017-26 | http://xenodu.com/blog/category/speech-therapy | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2017-26/segments/1498128320685.63/warc/CC-MAIN-20170626064746-20170626084746-00222.warc.gz | en | 0.914953 | 1,695 | 3.1875 | 3 |
Googlebot is the net crawler utilized by Google to assemble the knowledge wanted and construct a searchable index of the net. Googlebot has cell and desktop crawlers, in addition to specialised crawlers for information, photographs, and movies.
There are extra crawlers Google makes use of for particular duties, and every crawler will determine itself with a unique string of textual content referred to as a “consumer agent.” Googlebot is evergreen, which means it sees web sites as customers would within the newest Chrome browser.
Googlebot runs on 1000’s of machines. They decide how briskly and what to crawl on web sites. However they may decelerate their crawling in order to not overwhelm web sites.
Let’s have a look at their course of for constructing an index of the net.
How Googlebot crawls and indexes the net
Google has shared just a few variations of its pipeline up to now. The beneath is the latest.
Google begins with a listing of URLs it collects from varied sources, equivalent to pages, sitemaps, RSS feeds, and URLs submitted in Google Search Console or the Indexing API. It prioritizes what it needs to crawl, fetches the pages, and shops copies of the pages.
It processes this once more and appears for any adjustments to the web page or new hyperlinks. The content material of the rendered pages is what’s saved and searchable in Google’s index. Any new hyperlinks discovered return to the bucket of URLs for it to crawl.
We have now extra particulars on this course of in our article on how engines like google work.
Methods to management Googlebot
Google provides you just a few methods to regulate what will get crawled and listed.
Methods to regulate crawling
Methods to regulate indexing
- Delete your content material – For those who delete a web page, then there’s nothing to index. The draw back to that is nobody else can entry it both.
- Limit entry to the content material – Google doesn’t log in to web sites, so any form of password safety or authentication will stop it from seeing the content material.
- Noindex – A noindex within the meta robots tag tells engines like google to not index your web page.
- URL removing software – The identify for this software from Google is barely deceptive, as the best way it really works is it’s going to briefly conceal the content material. Google will nonetheless see and crawl this content material, however the pages received’t seem in search outcomes.
- Robots.txt (Photographs solely) – Blocking Googlebot Picture from crawling signifies that your photographs is not going to be listed.
For those who’re unsure which indexing management you need to use, try our flowchart in our publish on eradicating URLs from Google search.
Is it actually Googlebot?
Many search engine marketing instruments and a few malicious bots will faux to be Googlebot. This may increasingly enable them to entry web sites that attempt to block them.
Previously, you wanted to run a DNS lookup to confirm Googlebot. However not too long ago, Google made it even simpler and supplied a listing of public IPs you need to use to confirm the requests are from Google. You may examine this to the information in your server logs.
You even have entry to a “Crawl stats” report in Google Search Console. For those who go to Settings > Crawl Stats, the report comprises quite a lot of details about how Google is crawling your web site. You may see which Googlebot is crawling what information and when it accessed them.
The online is an enormous and messy place. Googlebot has to navigate all of the completely different setups, together with downtimes and restrictions, to assemble the information Google wants for its search engine to work.
A enjoyable truth to wrap issues up is that Googlebot is often depicted as a robotic and is aptly known as “Googlebot.” There’s additionally a spider mascot that’s named “Crawley.”
Nonetheless have questions? Let me know on Twitter. | <urn:uuid:61fd4f71-abdc-4f7c-8f73-1792c785d5a7> | CC-MAIN-2023-06 | https://jasabacklink.us/what-is-googlebot-how-does-it-work.html | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2023-06/segments/1674764499888.62/warc/CC-MAIN-20230131154832-20230131184832-00715.warc.gz | en | 0.917951 | 933 | 2.5625 | 3 |
Car safety has come a long way in a short time. After all, it wasn’t until the 1980s that states began establishing seat belt laws (we’re still waiting for New Hampshire to hop on board that train). And frontal air bags are now standard in all cars — with side-impact air bags becoming increasingly common.
So what’s next for safety innovation? Protecting people outside the car, of course!
Volvo introduces pedestrian air bags
Always a leader in safety — they introduced the first 3-point safety belt in 1958 — Volvo has done it again. At the recent Geneva Motor Show, Stefan Jacoby, president and CEO of Volvo Car Corporation, announced that the Volvo V40 5-door hatchback will soon be equipped with pedestrian air bags. You read that right: pedestrian air bags!
How pedestrian air bags work
The Volvo V40 will feature front bumper sensors that register contact between the car and a pedestrian. If the bumper senses impact, a section of the hood will rise and a U-shaped air bag will pop out. The air bag will cover the upper part of the hood and the bottom and sides of the windshield. The shape allows the driver to still see out the windshield — probably a good idea considering the driver is controlling thousands of pounds of machinery.
Why external air bags make sense
As car interiors become ever-safer, it was only a matter of time before someone set their sights on the exterior. And it makes sense. The U.S. saw over 4,000 pedestrian deaths in 2009 — that’s 12 percent of all accident-related fatalities. So adding some padding to the outside of the car could help soften the blow. (Literally.)
But will it work?
That remains to be seen.
When a car hits a pedestrian, the primary impact from the bumper often results in injury to the lower body. If the car was going fast enough, a secondary, often more injurious, impact can occur between the pedestrian and the hood and/or windshield of the car.
Enter the pedestrian air bag. According to a study published by the National Highway Traffic Safety Administration (NHTSA), a pedestrian air bag has the potential to not only soften impact, but also to prevent the person from rolling off the hood and into the road — thus preventing additional impact.
We don’t yet know whether the U-shaped Volvo air bag will have the same results, but the concept certainly has us excited. Plus, the Volvo V40 comes with another pedestrian safety feature …
The Insurance Institute for Highway Safety (IIHS) found that drivers who hit pedestrians while traveling straight brake only 13 percent of the time. So there’s room for a little help in this department. Once again, Volvo’s got it covered. The V40 will use sensors and a camera to detect if a pedestrian steps in front of the car. And if the driver doesn’t respond in time, the car can automatically activate the brakes.
This actually isn’t new technology — Volvo debuted it in its S60 2 years ago — but when you pair it with the pedestrian air bag, the V40’s looking pretty innovative.
Pedestrian safety tips
Let’s not forget that the pedestrian air bag isn’t a cure-all. So until the day comes when cars are made of pillows, pedestrians need to stay alert when walking near the road and drivers need to be mindful of sharing the road with pedestrians. Here are some pedestrian safety tips to help avoid a potentially dangerous situation.
- Look both ways. Most of us learned this as soon as we could walk, and it’s no less valid today. As you cross the street, continue looking out for oncoming traffic, as cars can come (seemingly) out of nowhere.
- Make eye contact with drivers. When you reach an intersection, make sure the driver sees you before you proceed into the street. It’s common for drivers to attempt right turns without first scanning for pedestrians.
- Pay attention. Even if you’re walking on the sidewalk, be aware of what’s going on in the road near you. If a car’s swerving or moving exceptionally fast, get out of the way. Cars can (and do) jump curbs — sometimes with disastrous results.
- Use crossing signals. Jaywalking laws exist for a reason — and it’s not just to get revenue for the city. Drivers — especially distracted drivers — may be on the lookout for a red light, but not for a person on foot.
- Be visible. When walking at night, carry a flashlight and wear bright (ideally, reflective) clothing.
- Face traffic. If you have to walk in the street, walk toward traffic so you can see approaching cars and get out of the way (this is actually law in some states).
Many recent car innovations raise concerns about distraction and driver safety — think infotainment systems — so it’s refreshing to see a concept based entirely on safety. Unfortunately, it may be a while until we see pedestrian air bags in the U.S. (Volvo has no plans to release this car stateside.) But now that the technology exists, we hope it’s only a matter of time before other carmakers follow suit.
Now tell us what you think
We’ve seen some people say a technology like pedestrian air bags isn’t worth the money. But if it can save lives, we definitely disagree. What do you think? Share your thoughts with us on Facebook. | <urn:uuid:e8410297-af49-44bf-8acb-c83b81bf4b20> | CC-MAIN-2016-26 | http://blog.esurance.com/pedestrian-air-bags-from-volvo/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2016-26/segments/1466783393533.44/warc/CC-MAIN-20160624154953-00180-ip-10-164-35-72.ec2.internal.warc.gz | en | 0.930959 | 1,160 | 2.578125 | 3 |
When Marilyn and her husband Rick purchased a three-story, red brick row house in South Philly they discovered that their property was of historic significance. From 1920 through the 1980s it was known as the Grace Settlement House. While this is a source of pride for the couple, both of whom are educators, most Philadelphians are unaware of the pivotal role of settlement houses in our city’s history. If you think immigration is a hot topic today, imagine life in Philadelphia between 1870 and 1920 when Philadelphia’s predominantly English, German, and Irish population had to absorb a tidal wave of Eastern Europeans, Russian Jews, Italians, and Poles. At the same time, African Americans were migrating north from the Jim Crow South. All were fighting for employment and living space within the same overcrowded, and often unsanitary, tenements.
To combat these growing pockets of poverty, Philadelphia turned to a concept started in London in the 1890s at the height of the Progressive Era. College-educated, middle class women, many of whom were aspiring social workers, were encouraged to “settle” in the heart of immigrant and African-American neighborhoods. Their mission was to provide classes in literacy, nutrition, health, and job skills, as well as sports and recreation. By 1912, there were 21 settlement houses in Philadelphia. While most were red brick row houses that blended into the neighborhoods, a few were larger stone edifices resembling schools, many of which continue to serve today as community centers.
Addressing Racism and Poverty
The first settlement house in Philadelphia opened in 1892 at 617 Mary Street (now Rodman Street) and later relocated to 4th and Christian Streets. Known as the College Settlement of Philadelphia, it was located in the 7th Ward, running north-south from Spruce to South Streets and east-west from 7th Street to the Schuylkill River. This was the heart of city’s poorest African-American neighborhood where 9,700 residents were plagued by overcrowding, raw sewage, and horse manure in the streets.
Four years after it opened, College Settlement collaborated with the University of Pennsylvania to sponsor a sociological study of African Americans by W.E.B. Du Bois. Du Bois and his wife Nina lived in College Settlement’s building for one year while he conducted his research door-to-door. The resulting publication, The Philadelphia Negro: A Social Study, blew the roof off of common theories held by many whites. Du Bois found that racial discrimination and unequal opportunity, which excluded blacks from living in single-family homes and obtaining desirable jobs, were at the root of the problem.
After World War I, many settlement houses gave way to neighborhood centers and YMCAs. Today, the College Settlement of Philadelphia is headquartered in Horsham and serves over 6,000 children in its Environmental Education Program, along with its overnight and day camp program on its 235-acre property in the Poconos.
Still Going Strong in Kensington
Founded in 1893 at Episcopal Hospital in Kensington, Lighthouse Settlement was established in 1895 in a three-story brick building at 153 W. Lehigh Avenue and has served North Philly for over 100 years. The only addition to the original structure is a contemporary entrance featuring a three-story mural.
Lighthouse Settlement’s initial function was to combat alcoholism. At the time, Kensington had 135 saloons within a five block radius. Now known as The Lighthouse, Inc., this former settlement house launched the first Meals on Wheels program in the U.S. and was a pioneer in the Suffrage and Women’s Rights movements. In 1940, the Lighthouse Boys Club was the largest single soccer organization in the world. In the 1950s, its playing field, known as Lighthouse Field at 199 E. Erie Avenue, hosted the Ringling Brothers Circus. Today, Lighthouse provides thousands of children with sports and recreational programs, including an urban garden to promote healthy eating.
Another century-old settlement house still serving Kensington is Lutheran Settlement House, founded in 1902 at 1340 Frankford Avenue. The original three-story structure received a $1.5 million renovation in 2016. Today, the non-denominational center offers a wide range of community services, including a bi-lingual domestic violence program, homeless services, community education and employment, senior services, medical advocacy, caregiver support, and health and nutrition education.
Championing the Arts
Settlement Music School was founded in 1908 in Queen Village as the music program of College Settlement of Philadelphia. It also assisted immigrants in finding employment. In 1917, after receiving a $150,000 gift, the school’s Mary Louise Curtis Branch was built at 416 Queen Street in the Federal style with limestone trim and ornate wrought iron balconies.
The school initially provided music lessons taught by members of the Philadelphia Orchestra. Dance and art lessons were soon added. The school became the umbilical cord of the Curtis Institute of Music. In the 1950s, Albert Einstein was a member of its board of advisors and a regular chamber music participant. Former students include Buddy DeFranco, Kevin Eubanks, Mario Lanza, Chubby Checker, and many members of the Philadelphia Orchestra. One of its more infamous students was former Philadelphia Mayor Frank Rizzo. The piano lessons didn’t work out, apparently.
Today, Settlement Music School is the largest community school of the arts in the United States with branches in Germantown, Willow Grove, Wynnefield, Northeast Philadelphia, and Camden. The one branch to undergo significant alteration is located at 6128 Germantown Avenue. In 2015, a $1.5 million, four-year project added a contemporary brick extension to the original, stone Edwardian structure built in 1925. Architect Alan Metcalfe created a modern canopy shaped like an open grand piano lid. | <urn:uuid:fb205619-822a-4744-9851-69b958c9279f> | CC-MAIN-2021-04 | https://hiddencityphila.org/2019/09/settlement-houses-doing-good-in-the-neighborhood/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2021-04/segments/1610703565541.79/warc/CC-MAIN-20210125092143-20210125122143-00556.warc.gz | en | 0.974527 | 1,212 | 3.8125 | 4 |
MADISON, Wis. -- Fragile X syndrome is the most common inherited intellectual disability and the greatest single genetic contributor to autism. Unlocking the mechanisms behind fragile X could make important revelations about the brain.
In a new study published June 4 in the journal Cell Reports, researchers from the University of Wisconsin-Madison Waisman Center and Department of Neuroscience show that two proteins implicated in fragile X play a crucial role in the proper development of neurons in mice. They also show that while the two proteins act through distinct mechanisms in the formation of new neurons -- which send, receive and process information in the brain -- they also share some duties.
'This is the first demonstration of the additive function of fragile X proteins in neuronal development,' says study corresponding author and Waisman Center and Department of Neuroscience Professor Xinyu Zhao.
Relatively little is known about the underlying mechanisms that lead to the cognitive and learning deficits in fragile X syndrome, Zhao says, making it difficult to devise effective therapies. She studies the two fragile X proteins, FMRP and FXR2P, because doing so could yield new information that ultimately leads to treatment for fragile X and other disorders marked by defects in neuronal development, like autism and schizophrenia.
For instance, while FXR2P has been shown to be important in autism, the function of the protein and its contribution to fragile X syndrome has been unclear, Zhao says.
Fragile X is a genetic condition that affects one in 4,000 males and one in 8,000 females. It's linked to a mutation in the gene that makes the FMRP protein, located on the X chromosome. Up to a third of people with fragile X also have autism.
Children with the syndrome are more prone to attention deficit disorder and a diagnosis on the autism spectrum; display physical features such as flat feet, a prominent jaw and forehead, and a long and narrow face, and may have anxiety.
Additionally, an estimated one in 250 women and one in 500 men carry a 'premutation' on the gene that makes FMRP protein, which renders the gene unstable. Carriers can pass it on to future generations and are at greater risk for a Parkinson's disease-like disorder called fragile X-associated tremor/ataxia syndrome. They may also be more prone to stress and other challenges.
In a previous study, Zhao's team showed that both FMRP and FXR2P are integral for new neuron production in adult mice and are important for learning and cognition. In the current study, the research team looked at the function of the proteins in the maturation of newly formed adult neurons.
The researchers found that mice lacking the FXR2P protein had impaired performance in learning and memory tasks. Using techniques to study newly formed neurons in the brain, the team also found these mice had neurons that did not mature properly. The neurons were also less well connected to other neurons that form important circuits in the brain compared to mice with the protein.
The team also highlighted a new interaction between the FXR2P protein and a specific neuronal receptor, a protein charged with receiving messages and passing along information, and showed that the two work together for proper neuronal development. Additionally, it revealed that FXR2P and FMRP work together in regulating this receptor's activity and the maturation of neurons.
'The findings suggest that fostering new nerve cell development during the postnatal period may have therapeutic potential for people with fragile X syndrome and other neurological disorders,' says Zhao.
Her research group will continue to study these proteins and the role they play in neural development and fragile X syndrome -- work that's likely to influence other fields of inquiry in autism and beyond. The lab will also work toward translating the findings in mice into human therapies. It is far more challenging to study brain development in people, so mice serve as a model for these studies.
'If we can find a way to reactivate the FMRP gene, we may be able to treat the disease,' says Zhao.
email@example.com (email only from 6/10 at noon until 6/11 at 7 p.m.)
608-852-0265 (through 6/12), then 608-263-9906 | <urn:uuid:5268fe8e-6d35-4030-b92a-86cd4118c3d5> | CC-MAIN-2019-43 | https://www.eurekalert.org/pub_releases/2015-06/uow-fxp061015.php | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2019-43/segments/1570986653876.31/warc/CC-MAIN-20191014150930-20191014174430-00352.warc.gz | en | 0.945186 | 868 | 3.296875 | 3 |
Difference between revisions of "Vladimir Oblast"
Revision as of 09:14, 21 December 2010
Vladimir Oblast is a region in Central Russia, which borders Moscow Oblast to the west, Yaroslavl Oblast to the northwest, Ivanovo Oblast to the north, Nizhny Novgorod Oblast to the east, and Ryazan Oblast to the south.
To be sure, there are multilingual guides around the UNESCO World Heritage sites, but for the most part, residents of Vladimir Oblast just speak Russian.
Vladimir is a 2.5 hour train ride from Moscow. | <urn:uuid:149d5c29-cb08-4839-93e8-30ab9a076fc4> | CC-MAIN-2015-22 | http://wikitravel.org/wiki/en/index.php?title=Vladimir_Oblast&diff=1597625&oldid=1074225 | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2015-22/segments/1432207929272.10/warc/CC-MAIN-20150521113209-00199-ip-10-180-206-219.ec2.internal.warc.gz | en | 0.86239 | 133 | 2.515625 | 3 |
Dr. Quentin Bourgeois
Quentin Bourgeois, (dr.) is specialized in North-West European prehistory. He finished his MA in 2004 with his thesis on the long term history of prehistoric landscapes.
Quentin performed his PhD study within the research project Ancestral Mounds.In his research he dealt with groups of barrows and their position within the landscape. Through extensive GIS-analyses he attempted to shed some light on the choice of location for the placement of the burial monuments. Why were they placed there, what could be seen from that location, and how did this develop through time? These findings were compared to data on the vegetation surrounding these barrows and the practices surrounding the burial itself. His research sheds more light on the choices behind the positioning of these burial monuments.
Books by Quentin Bourgeois
Monuments on the Horizon
The formation of the barrow landscape throughout the 3rd and 2nd millennium BC
Quentin Bourgeois | 2013
Barrows, as burial markers, are ubiquitous throughout North-Western Europe. In some regions dense concentrations of monuments form peculiar configurations such as long alignments while in others they are spread out extensively, dotting vast areas with…
Iron Age Echoes
Prehistoric land management and the creation of a funerary landscape - the “twin barrows” at the Echoput in Apeldoorn
Edited by David Fontijn, Quentin Bourgeois & Arjan Louwen | 2011
Groups of burial mounds may be among the most tangible and visible remains of Europe’s prehistoric past. Yet, not much is known on how “barrow landscapes” came into being . This book deals with that… | <urn:uuid:de6c7185-3ce5-4829-b257-e6c061c16dd9> | CC-MAIN-2022-49 | https://www.sidestone.com/authors/bourgeois-quentin | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-49/segments/1669446710890.97/warc/CC-MAIN-20221202014312-20221202044312-00692.warc.gz | en | 0.950934 | 348 | 2.59375 | 3 |
Indigenous Music to Save Turtles
The Guna have been doing conservation the right way for hundreds of years
It is only appropriate that their music be the music of other animals: Guna tradition upholds the value of other species and lays the foundation for a harmonious relationship between man and nature. Luckily for the rest of the world, the indigenous Guna are the stewards of one of the world’s disappearing treasures: leatherback sea turtles. Thousands of these enormous creatures nest in the 4km of beach of Guna village of Armila, Panama, making it one of the world’s most important nesting sites for this critically endangered species. As over-exploitation causes the leatherback to disappear from the Pacific ocean, this incredible extraordinary concentration is made possible by the Guna’s culture, which prohibits the consumption of sea turtles or their eggs. Instead, Armila’s residents allow their ancient kin (as tradition still calls them) to nest in peace.
But times are changing.
Both turtles and the music face an uncertain future. Population growth and diminishing availability of fish have brought the human-turtle relationship to a critical head. Western influences are wearing away at the Guna culture, and long-held taboos that prohibit the exploitation of turtles are going with it. New financial pressures on families means that certain elements of their culture, such as the town’s unique musical tradition, are being left behind. If their needs are not addressed, both the music and the turtles may succumb to the same fate of their counterparts elsewhere: gradually (or rapidly) fading away.
This campaign emerged from the combined effort of Armila’s Sea Turtle Commission and the local music group, Gammibe Gun Galu, along with the support of the local, state, and federal government, to simultaneously safeguard their culture and their precious population of sea turtles.
What We’re Doing
Your donation will be directly used to form the base of a sustainable, multifaceted conservation project in the town of Armila. These amounts represent the amount necessary to launch this project; any additional funds raised will continue to flow directly into the community.
$1000 to jumpstart a sea turtle monitoring program in Armila.
Science forms the necessary base for any successful conservation program. Local young people and commission members are poised to do the work. They just need the equipment so they can produce data so that the national government and the global community will recognize the importance of their beach. Your donation will pay for tagging equpment, scales, measuring tapes, ponchos, notebooks, and turtle-safe headlamps for researchers and students.
$2,000 (matched 2:1 by The Aquatic Resources Authority of Panama) to start a community-run aquaculture project in Armila.
Fish, Armila’s primary source of protein, are becoming scarce due to climate change and population growth. Residents have already begun to eat species that they have never resorted to before. To keep the pressure off the turtles and ensure a stable source of protein through the coming years, the community wants to follow the lead of other Panamanian communities by cultivating tilapia. The government has agreed to provide consultants, training, feed, and baby fish; however, Armila has to raise the money needed for a cement tank so that the tilapia don’t pollute their river.
$1,500 to produce Gammibe Gun Galu’s first recording.
Through sale of their first professional recording, Gammibe Gun Galu, the nation’s most respected Guna music group, will be able to raise sufficient funds to meet their regular needs AND the needs of Armila’s conservation efforts. They need this initial capital to turn their high-quality recording into a high-quality product that taps into markets that digital downloads can’t reach.
$900 to print and ship the first 250 copies of “Gammibe Gun Galu,” which will be sold in stores and at shows, with 100% of profits benefiting the group.
$500 for preloaded USBs to be distributed throughout the nation. Handheld speakers are the “it” music playing device in the indigenous nation of Guna Yala. With USB’s, people will be able to listen to a recording of their own music rather than just blasting Jennifer Lopez (no offense J-Lo), which will positively impact the preservation of their music throught the nation.
-$100 digital registration of CD for sale online
These projects will be managed by the Sea Turtle Commission of Armila, the family-run musical group Gammibe Gun Galu, and the environmental agency ARAP. Donations will be managed by 501(c)(3) Ocean Revolution, with 100% of funds raised going directly to the community. If you would like to make a tax deductible donation to this project, please contact firstname.lastname@example.org. | <urn:uuid:0d08cb3a-d8db-4605-9a61-470e5ece8fd2> | CC-MAIN-2017-04 | http://www.ienearth.org/help-the-guna-of-panama-save-turtles/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2017-04/segments/1484560281162.88/warc/CC-MAIN-20170116095121-00376-ip-10-171-10-70.ec2.internal.warc.gz | en | 0.933844 | 1,022 | 3.40625 | 3 |
Mrs. DeFino's Math Page
Supplies for 8th Grade Math - Connected AND Algebra I:
All students MUST have the following items everyday for class:
* 1 1/2 inch binder that is FOR MATH ONLY
* 5-tab dividers
* loose-leaf paper
* #2 pencils - NO PENS IN MATH
All other supplies such as markers, colored pencils, scissors, rulers, etc. are all provided to the students as needed in class. | <urn:uuid:cccb821f-3d14-4870-a16b-ca3a0c9d286e> | CC-MAIN-2022-21 | https://websites.pdesas.org/Index/ViewWebPage?websitePageId=137010&editMode=False | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-21/segments/1652662521041.0/warc/CC-MAIN-20220518021247-20220518051247-00266.warc.gz | en | 0.898585 | 108 | 2.890625 | 3 |
For Brass Ensemble with Tenor Solo
Program Notes: David was the second king of Israel. However, he was born a Sheppard. It was his slaying of the giant Goliath and his
incredible musical ability that gave him great standing with King Saul. With his ability in commanding armies, Saul noticed potential
in David and began to fear him. David fled Israel and a war ensued. During the war, Saul and one of his sons are killed and David is
anointed king of Judah. After becoming king of Judah, David is presented with the head of the son of Saul, the new king of Israel.
Although David is furious at this act, the elders of Israel name him king.
David was considered to be a great king and he won many wars, but he is shown to be no more than a man by Bathsheba.
David falls in love with the already married Bathsheba, but to solve his problem, he send Bathsheba husband, Uriah the Hittite to the
front lines of his army to die. David marries Bathsheba, but as a punishment, God sets David’s own son, Absalom, against him in a
revolt. During the battle that takes place, Absalom is killed. David mourned terribly for the death of his son, but devoted the remainder
of his life to God.
Premiered by the IUP Brass Ensemble, Dr. Christian Dickinson, Conductor; Fisher Auditorium, Indiana University of Pennsylvania, Indiana, PA
April 23rd, 2011
Indiana University of Pennsylvania
IUP Brass Ensemble
Mark Dundore - Tenor
Dr. Christian Dicksinson - Conductor | <urn:uuid:071c01b6-9ab8-43e6-adf8-783a7889e88d> | CC-MAIN-2021-17 | https://www.derekcoopercomposer.com/david | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2021-17/segments/1618039604430.92/warc/CC-MAIN-20210422191215-20210422221215-00354.warc.gz | en | 0.972499 | 352 | 2.953125 | 3 |
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Monday - Friday
7:30am to 4:30pm
How to Reach Us
When there is enough rain to flow, we call this "Stormwater". When stormwater runs off from our homes, yards, driveways, and roads; it is called "Stormwater Runoff". Areas that are exposed to rain have a potential to contribute to water pollution.
Stormwater runoff has become a leading cause of water pollution in the US. Heavy metals, nutrients, pesticides and other pollutants are carried into nearby streams, lakes, canals, and rivers by stormwater runoff.
View Brochures for information on the causes and ways to help prevent 'Pointless Personal Pollution'
Videos (may take a few moments to load before play begins)
- "We All Live Downstream" - We all live downstream from someone who may be impacting the water that we encounter downstream.
- Stormwater Presentation Video to help us understand some of the major pollutants, regulations, and ways that we can help prevent stormwater impacts.
- Deltona's 2013 Stormdrain Marking Event a quick time-lapse video of a few volunteers raising awareness at Deltona's 2013 Stormdrain Marking Event.
- River Video from TAPP short video of a river tour.
Puzzles for the Kids (will not work with Google Chrome browser; confirmed working on Explorer and Firefox with Flash enabled)
- Crossword (drag the word from the list to the correct spot)
- Coloring Page (choose crayon size and color and start your masterpiece)
- Word Search (find and circle the hidden words)
- Whats Wrong with this Picture (find and click on the things you think might be harmful to the environment)
- Connect the Dots (use the pen to connect the dots and see who is hiding there)
- Maze (find your way to the center of the maze avoiding pollutants along the way)
Nutrient pollution, especially from nitrogen and phosphorus, has consistently ranked as one of the top causes of degradation in some U.S. waters for more than a decade.
Excess nitrogen and phosphorus lead to significant water quality problems including harmful algaeblooms, hypoxia and declines in wildlife and wildlife habitat.
Here are some things that contribute to nitrogen and phosphorus pollution:
- Overusing fertilizer (both residential and agricultural usage)
- Fertilizer that is able to make it into nearby waterways via impervious areas.
- Overflow from septic systems
- Rainfall flowing over land picks up animal waste and deposits it in water bodies
- Rainfall flowing over urban and suburban areas where stormwater management is not required (e.g., parking lots, lawns, rooftops, roads)
- Your actions can make a difference! Here are some best practices that will help keep our waters clean.
- Test your turf. Throwing fertilizer on your lawn may be like throwing money down the drain. For example, if your lawn has a problem with the pH balance, pest invasion, or other deficiency then fertilizer will not help and the money, time, and effort will be wasted.
- Keep fertilizer at least 15 feet away from any waterbody.
- If fertilizer is spilled on sidewalk, driveway, or other impervious surface, sweep it up as soon as possible before any rain washes into nearby waterways.
- Calibrate your spreader and make sure to keep a deflector functional to minimize spreading fertilizer into unwanted areas.
- Do not bag or remove the grass clippings from your lawn; clippings can provide up to 50% of the nitrogen your grass needs.
- When mowing your lawn, set the mower deck height for the variety of grass that you have, for instance St. Augusting grass should be mowed at 3.5 to 4" height after cutting.
- Fertilize only October through May. Twice should be sufficient, April and October are good months.
- Watch the weather and do not apply if we are expecting rain events that may just wash the product right down the drain and into a nearby waterbody.
- Skip the Phosphorus. Florida soils are already rich in phosphorus. Use it only if your soil sample indicates that it is needed.
- Use an iron supplement to green up your lawn during the summer; many times that is all that is needed to make the grass nice and green again.
- The Right Plant in The Right Place. Pick plants that are suitable to your area and annual rainfall.
- Be Floridian. Visit fyn.ifas.ufl.edu for more information on Florida landscape BMPs.
Learn more at BeFloridiannow.org
Decisions you make about your garden can affect the water quality of nearby rivers and streams
- Use fertilizers sparingly and sweep up driveways, sidewalks and gutters
- Plant ground cover in bare spots in your yard
- Never dump anything down storm drains or in streams
- Take your car to the car wash instead of washing it in the driveway
- Pick up after your pet
NPDES is a National System that has its origins in the Clean Water Act. The Environmental Protection Agency has givin most States the authority to administer the program through the use of Generic Permits.
The City of Deltona has one such permit: the Municipal Seperate Storm Sewer System or, MS4 Generic Permit.
This is just what is sounds like: our Storm Sewer is seperate from our sanitary sewer. This means that anything dumped into a storm drain does not get treated and may discharge directly into nearby lakes, streams, or other surface waters, endangering the various species which may call it home.
There are 6 Control Measures to our program:
- Public Education and Outreach as to Stormwater Impacts
- Public Involvement/Participation
- Illicit Discharge Detection and Elimination
- Construction Site Stormwater Runoff Control
- Post-Construction Stormwater Management in New Development and Redevelopment
- Pollution Prevention/Good Housekeeping for Municipal Operations
Deltona then developed Best Management Practices (BMPs) and Measureable Goals to assist in the implementation of these Control Measures.
For more information or volunteer opportunities please contact the City of Deltona NPDES Inspector's Office at (386) 878-8962.
Green Industries-Best Management Practices (GI-BMP) program teaches environmentally safe landscaping practices that help conserve and protect Florida's ground and surface waters.
GI-BMP informational brochure (link to University of Florida website)
Visit your local IFAS Extension in Volusia County for more information about FY&N Program in your area.
Learn more about "The Smart Way to Grow" to help preserve Florida's Water Resources.
|Dan O'Hanlon||Stormwater Management Program (SWMP) Coordinator| | <urn:uuid:3cc2c83c-5a6a-4e9e-b1fb-504d1e56e09d> | CC-MAIN-2018-34 | https://www.deltonafl.gov/national-pollutant-discharge-elimination-system | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2018-34/segments/1534221216051.80/warc/CC-MAIN-20180820082010-20180820102010-00154.warc.gz | en | 0.903538 | 1,441 | 3.46875 | 3 |
Now he knows the idea, which produces a new animal feed and cleans water that can be recycled back into ethanol production, works more efficiently in batches of up to 350 gallons than on a lab bench.
"We're learning we can reliably produce good quality and good quantities," said van Leeuwen, Iowa State's Vlasta Klima Balloun Professor of Engineering in the department of civil, construction and environmental engineering.
What van Leeuwen and a team of Iowa State researchers are producing is a fungus, Rhizopus oligosporus, that makes a high-quality, high-protein animal feed from the leftovers of ethanol production. The process of growing the fungus also cleans water from ethanol production so that it can be recycled back into fuel production. And the process, called MycoMeal, could one day produce a low-cost nutritional supplement for people.
The project has two patents pending and has won several major awards, including a 2008 R&D 100 Award presented by R&D Magazine, the 2008 Grand Prize for University Research presented by the American Academy of Environmental Engineers and a 2011 Honor Award in University Research from the academy. The project also contributed to R&D Magazine naming van Leeuwen its 2009 Innovator of the Year.
The research team working on the project is led by van Leeuwen and includes Nick Gabler and Mike Persia, assistant professors of animal science; Mary Rasmussen, a post-doctoral research associate in food science and human nutrition; Daniel Erickson, Christopher Koza and Debjani Mitra, graduate students; and Brandon Caldwell, a graduate of Iowa State. The project is supported by a three-year, $450,000 grant from the Iowa Energy Center and a Smithfield grant from the Office of the Iowa Attorney General. Lincolnway Energy of Nevada, Cellencor Corp. of Ames and Iowa State's Center for Crops Utilization Research and BioCentury Research Farm are also supporting the project.
Here's how their process works to improve dry-grind ethanol production:
For every gallon of ethanol produced, there are about five gallons of leftovers known as stillage. The stillage contains solids and other organic material. Most of the solids are removed by centrifugation and dried into distillers dried grains that are sold as livestock feed, primarily for cattle.
The remaining liquid, known as thin stillage, still contains some solids, a variety of organic compounds and enzymes. Because the compounds and solids can interfere with ethanol production, only about 50 percent of thin stillage can be recycled back into ethanol production. The rest is evaporated and blended with distillers dried grains to produce distillers dried grains with solubles.
The researchers add fungus to the thin stillage and it feeds and grows into a thick mass in less than a day – van Leeuwen calls it "lightning-speed farming." The fungus removes about 60 percent of the organic material and most of the solids, allowing the water and enzymes in the thin stillage to be recycled back into production.
The fungus is then harvested and dried as animal feed that's rich in protein, certain essential amino acids and other nutrients. It can also be blended with distillers dried grains to boost its value as a livestock feed and make it more suitable for feeding hogs and chickens.
Van Leeuwen said the production technology can save United States ethanol producers up to $800 million a year in energy costs. He also said the technology can produce ethanol co-products worth another $800 million or more per year, depending on how it is used and marketed.
Now that the project has moved from a campus lab to the Iowa Energy Center's BECON facility in Nevada, van Leeuwen said researchers are working to improve the process at larger scales.
"We're adding and subtracting, doing things differently and redesigning our process all the time," he said.
Even so, the process has developed enough that researchers can use simple screens to harvest pellets of the fungus from the project's 20-foot high reactor. They're feeding some of the fungus to chickens and will soon start feeding tests with hogs. A next step could be testing the fungus for human consumption. (University leaders have tried the fungi and researchers regularly eat it, van Leeuwen said.)
As the project has successfully scaled up, so has van Leeuwen's optimism that the process could help the biofuels industry.
"Implementation of this process addresses criticism of biofuels by substantially lowering energy inputs and by increasing the production of nutritious animal feed," van Leeuwen said. "The MycoMeal process could truly revolutionize the biofuels industry." | <urn:uuid:872601d9-3386-448b-800d-3f3159e62845> | CC-MAIN-2017-13 | http://www.americanfuels.net/2011/05/iowa-state-researchers-scale-up-process.html | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2017-13/segments/1490218188914.50/warc/CC-MAIN-20170322212948-00352-ip-10-233-31-227.ec2.internal.warc.gz | en | 0.945087 | 965 | 2.796875 | 3 |
If you are interested in learning how to perform a kipping handstand push-up you must first learn the tripod position. It is the base of the handstand and will allow you to maintain balance during the violent kip that will ultimately take place.
Think “triangle”. A triangle should be formed by the hands and the head. The hands will make up the base of the triangle and the head the top of the triangle. The triangle should be fairly big. That is, the further your head is away from your hands the better. So many people get this simple idea wrong. If you are having trouble keeping balance it’s probably because your head is too close to your hands.
The kipping handstand push-up requires a violent hip extension, especially once the shoulders start to get tired during high rep workouts. The more you can close your hips the more power you can generate by opening them quickly. Closing them means lowering the knees to the chest as much as possible. Balance can be maintained in this position only if a solid tripod is held.
The first picture demonstrates only half of the hip flexion of the second one. Although it can still be enough to generate the necessary power, being able to pull the knees all the way down to the chest will be the most efficient.
How to tripod?
The tri-pod can be difficult to learn at first, which is why I recommend learning it completely separate from the HSPU.
First, start by placing your hands and head on the floor in an ideal tripod position. Next, slowly shift all of your weight onto your hands and the top of your head until your feet leave the ground. Rest your knees on your elbows. Get comfortable here before moving on.
Next, see if you can bring your knees from sitting on your elbows to touching each other in between your elbows.
Finally, slowly extend your legs until they are locked out overhead. Make sure that your legs aren’t in a completely vertical position. If they are straight up and down too much pressure will be placed on your head and you’ll likely flip backwards. Instead, your feet should remain over your hands (legs still locked out).
If balancing in that final position is solid, practice raising and lowering your legs from the tripod for several reps.
The TriPod and the Handstand Push-up
Here’s where it becomes relevant to CrossFit. When performing kipping handstand push-ups against a wall you’ll need to be able to balance on your head and hands in the bottom position. This will allow you to lower your knees to your chest before launching your legs back into the air, all while pressing. No need to worry about balancing at the top. That’s what the wall is for. | <urn:uuid:24157118-7550-4730-a0e7-4af7e1df6bbb> | CC-MAIN-2014-49 | http://www.crossfitkinnick.com/2013/12/10/the-tri-pod/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2014-49/segments/1416931009084.22/warc/CC-MAIN-20141125155649-00239-ip-10-235-23-156.ec2.internal.warc.gz | en | 0.945239 | 574 | 2.5625 | 3 |
The multimedia filter in water filtration is the most common method of water filtration. These filters contain multiple layers of media through which water flows. Each layer is progressively sized in coarseness and layer depth. The media layers are stacked such that the layer to remove the coarsest and densest media, usually gravel, is at the bottom. The layer to remove lighter, finer media is at the top.
The multimedia filter reduces the level of suspensions in the feed water. Suspended solids in a waste stream usually include small particles such as silt, clay, organic matter, grit, algae, and other microorganisms.
A water media filter depends on several factors which must be considered to achieve the best filtration results. These are:
- The maximum required flow rate
- The nature of the suspended solids or turbidity (colloidal or non-colloidal)
- Water analysis of feed water
- Required quality of treated water
- Availability of adequate supply of water for backwashing process.
Since they can be easily cleaned, media filters are often used for a large amount of contamination, eliminating the need for replacement filter cartridges or bags and operator effort.
Media filters can be “backwashed,” a great advantage over other types of filters. Backwashing cleans the filter and removes the accumulated filtered particles, restoring and extending the filters’ performance.
In a multimedia filter, there are many graded layers. The heavier layers are placed at the bottom and the lighter layers are placed at the top. Usually, the bottom layers are designed with larger grains so that larger contaminants are filtered out before the smaller contaminants. This increases the filtration efficiency of filter media.
The most common multimedia filter uses anthracite and sand as filtration media. The sand has smaller grains and is heavier than anthracite. Thus, the sand layer will settle below the anthracite and improve filtration drastically. A well-operated multimedia filter can remove particulates as small as 20 microns.
- Filter Tank: This component has filtration media. It is either made of stainless steel, FRP, or epoxy-coated steel. Metallic tanks can tolerate higher temperatures and pressure.
- Media: This is filtration media includes different layers of gravel, silica sand #20, garnet, and anthracite. The layers will depend on the required quality of the filtered water. For higher water quality, a layer of garnet media is recommended.
- Internal upper and bottom distributors: The bottom distribution system prevents the media from escaping, while the upper distribution system will harmonically distribute the flow during the service cycle. They can be constructed using either schedule 80 PVC or stainless steel. For higher water temperatures, we recommend stainless steel for internals, tank, and face piping.
- Valves: The valves open and close according to the different cycles. They could be of various types:
- Automatic electric or pneumatic valves for automatic filters or
- Manual valves for manual filters. For seawater, non-metallic valves are strongly recommended.
In fact, some industries do not allow the use of electric valves.
- Controller: This component will control the automation of your filter. This could be a PLC, an electromechanical timer, or a digital stager. Preferences are usually based on the facility’s main control.
- Face piping: Face piping connects all valves controlling the different cycles. It could be made of schedule 80 PVC, epoxy-coated carbon steel, or stainless steel. The piping material depends on the temperature or operating pressure and varies for indoor and outdoor applications.
- Flow controller: This component is the part of the drain outlet that controls the backwash flow rate. It stops the media from flowing into the drain.
WANT US TO CALL YOU BACK? | <urn:uuid:7c14f971-ef6b-44b6-b983-c7a65b43318c> | CC-MAIN-2022-40 | https://www.emveestech.com/filtration-for-villas/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-40/segments/1664030337480.10/warc/CC-MAIN-20221004054641-20221004084641-00033.warc.gz | en | 0.897512 | 794 | 3.046875 | 3 |
Whether you are remodeling your existing home or building an addition it is important that your window openings are constructed properly. We will show you the easy steps you need to take to build window headers that are strong, stable, and durable. Adding large windows to a room will let the sunshine in and illuminate the area with natural light. But you must build window headers properly to make sure the main structure of the home doesn’t collapse or simply put undue stresses on the window itself.
Build Window Headers Like a Bridge
Think of the window opening as the span of a bridge. In particular, on very wide windows, you must bridge the gap between two distant wall studs. You must do so while still supporting the load above. The vertical supports of the header
(or bridge span) are normally simple 2×4 or 2×6 wall studs. The stud that reaches from floor to ceiling is called a “King Stud” while the inner support beneath the header is called a “Jack Stud.” If it was your first time trying to build window headers you may not think of installing a Jack Stud, not knowing any better. However, a Jack Stud is critical to the design and required by code.
How Big Should You Build Window Headers
Obviously the larger the span the larger the Window Header must be. That said, you MUST check with your local building code enforcement office to confirm the regulations for your area. You can also find information in the International Building Code Book, or on the FEMA website.
Here are the common wood sizes needed to build window headers for a given span:
- Maximum Span 48” – 2×6 header
- Maximum Span 60” – 2×8 header
- Maximum Span 72” – 2×10 header
- Maximum Span 84” – 2×12 header
NOTE: Consult your local building code office. Actual requirements may vary in certain areas of the country due to snow loads, wind loads, etc.
Header Material Alternatives
- Dimensional Lumber: The most common headers are constructed using dimensional lumber such as 2×6, 2×8, or 2×10 material. In each case 2 pieces of wood are nailed together side by side and stood up on edge to bridge the span.
- Engineered Lumber: In some cases an engineered lumber header is used. This is a solid piece of wood that may be 3-1/2” thick for a 2×4 studded wall or 5-1/2” thick for a 2×6 studded wall, with ample height to support the span.
- Laminate Lumber: In this case the 3-1/2” or 5-1/2” wood pieces are stacked on top of each other and bonded together. The multiple layers would form a header that is 12” or more in height.
- I-Beam Headers: For large spans such as a garage door opening it is common to purchase a prefabricated header. These are usually constructed using plywood for the vertical member, capped both top and bottom with 2×2 lumber. The gap between the plywood is filled with polystyrene foam for insulation value.
If you think that trying to build window headers on your own seems like it may be more than you can handle give us a call. If you are searching for a professional contractor you can trust, to help you with your installation in Illinois: contact One Source Renovation, LLC at WindowRepairGuy.com or give us a call at (815)-634-8922. | <urn:uuid:194f1a06-d079-4016-82eb-45b5a69a0ce6> | CC-MAIN-2022-05 | https://windowrepairguy.com/blog/how-to-build-window-headers/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-05/segments/1642320304798.1/warc/CC-MAIN-20220125070039-20220125100039-00273.warc.gz | en | 0.922063 | 744 | 2.765625 | 3 |
7 STEPS TO HELP KIDS READJUST AFTER A SIGNIFICANT EVENT
When a significant and/or life-threatening event happens, you can help your children/teenagers through the event confidently and thoughtfully when you work through these steps.
1. Talk about what happened. Give each child individual attention and allow them in their own time to talk about what happened and more importantly how they were feeling during the event… fear, desperation, shock, anger, disbelief etc. There is no need to make judgements. Remind children that there will be times when significant events happen in their lives and they will get through them with support and encouragement.
2. Normalise Feelings. Keep reassuring your children that these feelings are natural in the circumstances and that they are safe and ok, and it is helpful when you can talk about these feelings openly with them. Older teenagers may find it easier to talk with their friends. Keep reminding them that they are loved, and they can get through this difficult time.
3. Project positive vibes. Even though you may be experiencing fear and anxiety yourself, try not to project these fears and anxieties on to your children. This may happen unintentionally. Even though times may be tough financially or emotionally, discuss difficulties in private as children may be listening and become further burdened with sadness, guilt or fear.
4. Get back to normality as soon as possible. The sooner your children get back to a normal routine they will feel safe and secure. They need to have certainty and consistency in their lives. You can provide this through setting up daily routines and tasks…allowing your children to take responsibility for some chores which can be done regularly to support the family.
5. Be optimistic. Look to the future with confidence. Things will get better. Get children involved in planning for the future…this will give them some control over their lives. If they believe in a hopeful future, it will give their lives purpose. They will be able to bounce back when other challenges arise.
6. Help others. By spending time helping others, your children will learn the value of compassion and empathy and the best way they will learn this is from you and the adults and role models around them. Allow them to do some volunteering or discuss other ways they can help or support others.
7. Have fun! No matter what is happening around you, find time to joke and laugh and do some stupid things…the kids will find it very entertaining and will join in as you lighten up, smile, laugh and enjoy their company!
You may find it difficult dealing with the thoughts and feelings of children after a significant event especially when you yourself have such strong adverse emotions. You may feel very frustrated, angry and uncertain of the future.
While these feelings may be normal, how are you dealing effectively with these emotions? Many caring and concerned parents are finding benefit in getting help to learn how to better manage these thoughts and emotions. When you have help, you will be more positive and confident in your relationships. Take advantage of the support structures available in the community.
Author Kathy Donaldson, Parent’s Precinct | <urn:uuid:5649566d-7426-4b4c-a989-23386a8241df> | CC-MAIN-2019-35 | https://pakmag.com.au/7-steps-to-help-kids-readjust-after-a-significant-event/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2019-35/segments/1566027313536.31/warc/CC-MAIN-20190818002820-20190818024820-00454.warc.gz | en | 0.961362 | 639 | 3.015625 | 3 |
Starfish Classification » Starfish Scientific Classification
Species: WESTERN GORILLA | EASTERN GORILLA
Western Lowland Gorilla (Gorilla gorilla gorilla)
Cross River Gorilla (Gorilla gorilla diehli)
Eastern Lowland Gorilla (Gorilla beringei graueri)
Mountain Gorilla (Gorilla beringei beringei)
Bwindi Gorilla (Gorilla beringei ?)*
Scientific classification of living organisms is known as Linnaean Taxonomy, named for the person who developed it, Carolus Linnaeus. This form of classification designates living organisms into a descending hierarchical structure, starting with kingdoms at the top. It should however be noted that many modern biologists consider Domains to be a classification above Kingdoms.
As seen from the outline above, Kingdoms are divided into phylum (phyla is the plural form) which in turn are broken down into subphyla, then into classes and so on and so forth.
Basic concept on how species are named.
A species’ name is binomial (two words in the name). The first word is the generic name and always starts with a Capital letter. The second word is the specific name and always begins with a small letter. If there’s a third word in the name this refers to the sub-species of that particular species. So for example Gorilla beringei graueri , Gorilla refers to the genus, beringei refers to the species and graueri refers to the sub-species.
THE LONG WINDING ROAD TO MODERN DAY GORILLA CLASSIFICATION
Gorillas were originally designated the scientific name Troglodytes gorilla by Thomas Savage in 1847. However the genus Troglodytes had already been described for the chimpanzee. And the plot thickens yet; fifty or so years later someone made the astute observation that the genus Troglodytes couldn't properly belong to the chimpanzee because prior to being ascribed to the chimpanzee, it had actually been allocated to a bird. The wren!
Evidently taxonomy back then was not an exact science. It was not uncommon for species to be named on the basis of a whim. In the case of gorilla classification, quite often the individual who published the description was ignorant (or at best had a very vague idea) of the geography of Africa, never mind accurately pin-pointing the place-of-origin of a specimen.
In 1852 the gorilla was eventually designated the genus Gorilla by Isidore Geoffroy Saint-Hilaire. After that the process of gorilla taxonomy hummed along more smoothly. That said, it should be pointed out that even today there're still some issues of contention; though most experts recognize two species with corresponding two sub-species apiece, there still some who contend that there is only one true gorilla species and four subspecies.
Tip: Gorilla gorilla = Western Species | Gorilla beringei = Eastern Species
* The question mark reflects the current contention on whether this is a true subspecies or merely a mountain gorilla variation (as it was considered until fairly recently). | <urn:uuid:1b17e8f8-8e66-44ef-90b1-63afb59cb0b1> | CC-MAIN-2016-18 | http://seashells.ws/index.php?category=starfish-classification&subcategory=starfish-scientific-classification | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2016-18/segments/1461863352151.52/warc/CC-MAIN-20160428170912-00095-ip-10-239-7-51.ec2.internal.warc.gz | en | 0.916374 | 665 | 3.25 | 3 |
I always remember the first day back at school in September as a child. Trying to pick up a pencil and write a sentence - it was as if I’d never ever done it before! The muscles in my hand that used to finely (okay not that fine as handwriting never was my strong point!) control the pencil had been reduced to ruins after 6 weeks of inactivity. Don’t get me wrong, the holidays were actually very active, but mainly in the form of playing football and cricket with my younger brother in the garden or at the beach.
I imagine I was not alone and from my years of teaching primary aged children, I KNOW that the same is true in thousands of households across the country every summer. This phenomenon has been named the Summer Slide or (as I prefer) the Summer Slump.
Now if six weeks of inactivity can have that effect on a child’s hand muscles, think what it will have on the brain! Already in the month or so since SATS, I have noticed the year 6 pupils I work with outside of school lose quite a few of the skills they had become ‘expert’ at only a short time ago. Add the summer break onto this and teachers far and wide will despairingly cry in September, ‘How on earth was this child assessed as Expected / Greater Depth?!’
So what can be done to help avoid this Slump?
Firstly, I want to stress that summer holidays should be just that - a holiday! It is important to get some quality family time, enjoy the weather if it is nice, and give children experiences that they won’t get at school. However, if we can throw in a bit of reading, some short, fun maths activities and even a bit of writing (to keep those hand muscles alive) then it’ll make a massive difference come September.
I believe the key here is doing things in short bursts. Avoid workbooks and worksheets and make activities practical. For younger children, add a notebook and pens into their games to encourage writing: menus, packing lists for holidays, recording scores of garden sports matches, anything you can think of! Take part in the Summer Reading Challenge at your local library but don’t rush it - spread it out over the whole six weeks and give your children ownership of choosing their own books to read.
For maths, you could go over some of the skills they learnt last year and then use these in some number games and challenges. Our Number Stacks videos and games are ideal for short bursts of learning and, because they are all practical, children don’t see it as ‘work’. If you haven’t already, check out what’s on our website: www.numberstacks.co.uk
Six weeks will fly by so don’t put it off - make a promise to yourself to squeeze some short learning activities in amongst all the fun. Your child (and their new teacher!) will certainly be thankful when that first day back at school comes along and they can pick up where they left off!
Thanks for reading 🙂 | <urn:uuid:d1ef7b59-10cd-462f-8d14-5b645064dacd> | CC-MAIN-2019-51 | https://www.numberstacks.co.uk/blog/the-summer-slump/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2019-51/segments/1575540481076.11/warc/CC-MAIN-20191205141605-20191205165605-00063.warc.gz | en | 0.971866 | 646 | 2.90625 | 3 |
Deaths on the African continent from COVID-19 are expected to fall by nearly 94 percent in 2022 compared to last year, the World Health Organization (WHO) has said, citing its own modelling.
“Our latest analysis suggests that estimated deaths in the African region will shrink to around 60 a day in 2022 … Last year, we lost an average of 970 people every day,” WHO Regional Director for Africa Matshidiso Moeti told a virtual news conference.
The gulf in the numbers is due to increased vaccination, improved pandemic response and natural immunity from prior infections, the WHO said.
As of the end of May, Africa had reported over 11.8 million confirmed COVID-19 cases and more than 250,000 deaths since the pandemic began, according to data from the WHO Africa’s office, which will publish more details of its modelling later in the day.
Richer countries and southern African nations have had around double the mortality rates of poorer ones in other parts of Africa, partly due to co-morbidities that increase the risk of death, the WHO analysis found.
Around 23,000 deaths are expected by the end of the year, provided current variants and transmission patterns remain the same, according to the analysis. The findings infer that only one in 71 COVID-19 cases are recorded in Africa and that about one in three deaths have been missed.
Although African countries struggled early in the pandemic to secure COVID-19 vaccines as rich countries hoarded available doses, many are now well-supplied with shots but are having trouble getting them into arms. The reasons include hesitancy and logistics.
But the WHO insists that there is more to be done.
“The job is not yet done,” Moeti told the briefing. “Every time we sit back and relax, COVID-19 flares up again. The threat of new variants remains real, and we need to be ready to cope with this ever-present danger.” | <urn:uuid:00e8583d-14bd-49ce-9924-177eb3670a0d> | CC-MAIN-2023-06 | https://www.aljazeera.com/news/2022/6/2/africas-covid-deaths-to-fall-by-94-in-2022-who | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2023-06/segments/1674764499845.10/warc/CC-MAIN-20230131055533-20230131085533-00544.warc.gz | en | 0.964581 | 414 | 2.65625 | 3 |
Wilfred Owen: Poems Wilfred Owen Wilfred Owen: Poems essays are academic essays for citation. These papers were written primarily by students and provide critical analysis of Wilfred Owen's poetry.
The First World War poetry of Wilfred Owen provides an exhaustive and poignant account of the atrocities he witnessed between the Allies and the Germans from 1914 to 1918. Although the style and structure of his poems vary considerably throughout his body of work, the two elements of physical and psychological torment suffered by the soldiers in the war.
Essay Analysis Of Wilfred Owen 's War Poetry. Wilfred Owen’s war poetry is shaped by an intense focus on extraordinary human experiences. He was particularly concerned to show the true circumstances of the First World War, WW1 (1914-1918), by showing great depths of suffering and pity, as well as the falsity of war propaganda.Wilfred Owen Poetry Analysis. Wilfred Owen is an English Poet who wrote poetry about the First World War. Wilfred Owen was born in 1893 in a town in England called Oswestry. He served in the Artists Rifles regiment in the British army. Owen was commissioned as a second lieutenant in 1915.The Challenge of the Uproar of Pleasure of War in Wilfred Owen's Dulce Et Decorum Est and Mental Cases On the first days of August 1914 uproars of cheer could be heard throughout Britain as a mark of great enthusiasm of the newly-declared war campaign.
Poetry Essay helps you analyse and write about poems. If you are studying GCSE or A Level English, this educational channel will provide you with the support.Read More
FreeBookSummary.com. How does Wilfred Owen reveal his personal perspective in order to present a view on the challenges of life? Throughout his poetry, War Poems and Others, Wilfred Owen exposes his prominent opinion on the challenges of life and more specifically war. War Is a life-changing obstacle for not only countries but also the men who are forced to go Into war and the innocent men.Read More
The sample essay on Wilfred Owen War Poems deals with a framework of research-based facts, approaches and arguments concerning this theme. To see the essay’s introduction, body paragraphs and conclusion, read on.Read More
Wilfred Owen's Poetry and Pity of War Through his poetry Wilfred Owen wished to convey, to the general public, the PITY of war. c2011. In “Dulce et Decorum est”, Wilfred Owen uses graphic verbs and innovative descriptions to describe the absolute pity of war, to try and convince his original readers of wars futility.Read More
Wilfred Owen, who died subsequently after receiving mortal wounds while in combat in the war, had some strong viewpoints and messages about war which he tried to convey through his poetry. He had three main viewpoints which included most or all of his feelings.Read More
Owen cannot convey these pains, but he can technically put them into words allowing us to feel his experiences in war, but not to the extent that he does. How to cite Wilfred Owen essay Choose cite format: APA MLA Harvard Chicago ASA IEEE AMA.Read More
Wilfred Owen (March 18, 1893—Nov. 4, 1918) was a compassionate poet who's work provides the finest description and critique of the soldier's experience during World War One.He was killed towards the end of the conflict in Ors, France.Read More
Dulce et Decorum Est and Anthem For Doomed Youth: Youth and War Essay. The Development of Ideas in Wild with All Regrets, a Poem by Wilfred Owen Essay “Fellowships Untold”: The Role of Wilfred Owen’s Poetry in Understanding Comradeship During World War I Essay. The Negatively Conotated Imagery in Dulce et Decorum Est by Wilfred Owen Essay.Read More
Wilfred Owen’s biography and poems analysed. Wilfred Owen’s poems have been studied and annotated in detail to help you understand them. Wilfred Edward Salter Owen was born (Oswestry, Shropshire, England) on 18 March 1893 and died on 4 November 1918 (Samb.Read More
Poems by Wilfred Owen. Wilfred Edward Salter Owen (1893-1918) was a remarkable young man. When he died he was just 25 years old, but his poetry has proved enduring and influential and is among the best known in the English.Read More | <urn:uuid:4e714a77-b727-4566-83b0-4f8cc4c2544f> | CC-MAIN-2021-17 | http://farmi.esmtp.biz/gauze/Wilfred-Owen-War-Poetry-Essay.html | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2021-17/segments/1618039546945.85/warc/CC-MAIN-20210421161025-20210421191025-00351.warc.gz | en | 0.963739 | 939 | 3.90625 | 4 |
Synthesia is a video AI generator that uses artificial intelligence and machine learning to create realistic videos of people talking or singing as well as performing other actions. The technology behind Synthesia allows for realistic facial movements and lip syncing to be generated in real-time even when the person appearing in the video has not recorded the video. In this paper, we will explore how Synthesia works as well as the advantages that come with video AI generators like Synthesia, and the potential applications for this technology.
Ai Video Makeuo
How Synthesia is used:
Synthesia uses deep learning techniques to analyse audio recordings of an individual’s voice, and then synthesizes realistic facial movements and lip syncing to match the audio. The process begins by recording an audio track of the individual speaking or singing. This audio track is then analysed by machine learning algorithms to detect the sounds and phonemes that are in the spoken. After the phonemes are discovered, the system uses a neural network to create the sequence of facial expressions that match the audio.
The neural network that Synthesia employs is a kind of deep-learning algorithm capable of learning intricate patterns in data. It consists of multiple layers of artificial neural networks that process the input data and create output. In the case of Synthesia, the input data includes the sound track while the output data is a sequence of facial motions.
In order to generate facial movements The neural network trained using a huge collection of videos of people speaking or singing. The system is trained to learn the relationships between the phonemes that are in the spoken word and the facial movements connected to the sounds. This process of training is known as supervised learning. the system is fed large quantities of data that is labeled and utilizes that information to determine how to generate the output.
After the neural network has been developed, it will be able to create authentic facial motions as well as lip sync in real time. In the end, the video is produced by combining the created facial movements with a recorded or generated background.
Benefits of video Artificial Intelligence generators like Synthesia
There are many benefits to making use of video AI generators like Synthesia.
Reduces time and money: Video AI generators can save the time as well as money by eliminating the need for live performers or actors. With Synthesia video clips can be generated quickly and quickly, with no the requirement for costly equipment or a production crew.
Customization: Video AI generators can be customized to meet your specific needs. With Synthesia, videos can be created with different backgrounds lighting, camera angles, and angles to produce a unique appearance and feel.
Consistency Video AI generators are able to give a consistent appearance and feel across multiple videos. With Synthesia’s help, videos can be produced using identical facial and voice expressions, providing a consistent experience for viewers.
Scalability Video AI generators are able to be scaled down or up in accordance with the needs of the user. With Synthesia, videos can be generated in large numbers which makes it simple to create different variations of the exact video to appeal to different audiences.
Application to video AI generators such as Synthesia:
There are many possible uses of video AI generators like Synthesia.
Marketing and advertising: AI generators are able to create personalised video messages for marketing and advertising. With Synthesia, companies can make videos that feature the name of a particular spokesperson or brand’s representative and brand ambassadors, without the need for live actors.
eLearning and training: Video AI generators are able to create training and educational videos. With Synthesia, instructional videos can be made using life-like animations, making it much easier for students to grasp complicated concepts.
Entertainment: Video AI generators can use to make realistic avatars that are suitable for gaming and virtual reality experiences. With Synthesia game developers are able to create realistic characters that speak and move just like real people.
Customer service Video AI generators may be used to generate custom video messages to provide customer service. With Synthesia, service representatives can produce video messages that focus on specific customer issues or concerns, resulting in a a more personalized experience for the customer.
Accessibility: Video AI generators are able to create videos using sign language or other forms of visual communication, making them accessible to those with hearing or speech disabilities. With Synthesia videos, videos can be produced with real-life animated signs, making it easier for people who are hearing impaired to comprehend the contents.
Limitations of video Artificial Intelligence generators such as Synthesia:
Despite the benefits from video AI generators like Synthesia There are a few limitations to this method of creation. One limitation is the lack of emotion or expression in the created videos. While Synthesia can produce realistic facial movements and lip-syncing, it can’t capture the nuances of emotions that a live performer or actor can communicate.
Another issue is the possibility for misuse or misrepresentation of the technology. Like any other technology there is a chance that video AI generators such as Synthesia could be used to create false or misleading content. This could be a serious issue for industries such as the field of journalism or political.
Synthesia is an example of the potential of video AI generators. They can transform the way we create and enjoy video content. Utilizing artificial intelligence and machine learning to create videos that look authentic Synthesia could be able to help save time and money, provide the ability to scale and consistency, and create new possibilities for personalized and accessible video content. However, as with any technology, it’s important to be aware of the potential limitations and risks that come in video AI creators. As this technology continues to advance, it is vital to consider the social and ethical consequences of its usage.
Ai Video Makeuo | <urn:uuid:db5ee8eb-c195-4b5d-9b8b-b512b966ffc6> | CC-MAIN-2023-14 | https://www.roxhead.com/ai-video-makeuo/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2023-14/segments/1679296950030.57/warc/CC-MAIN-20230401125552-20230401155552-00504.warc.gz | en | 0.922383 | 1,212 | 2.9375 | 3 |
When does the narrative of sojourner truth take place
When does the narrative of sojourner truth take place Sojourner Truth become born with the call Isabella in and by the point she reached age 30, she have been offered and offered 4 times. She additionally persisted the unlawful sale of her son and upon her freedom, she took prison motion towards a white guy to get better her son.
In 1843, she had a conversion revel in wherein she felt convicted to preach. During this equal point, she become pressured to extrade her call to Sojourner Truth. Because she traveled with non secular revivals, she got here into touch with many well-known abolitionists
who helped her benefit reputation along with William Lloyd Garrison and Frederick Douglass.
Truth become illiterate and used the assist of her connections to dictate a story in 1850 which added her countrywide repute and readership. Olive Gilbert met Sojourner Truth at some point of their mutual club withinside the Northampton
Association, a utopian network in Massachusetts. Gilbert dictated for Truth`s Narrative over the path of 4 years. She completed composing the biography and posted it in 1850 with a preface through her buddy William Lloyd Garrison. The Narrative become republished in 1875 and alternatively
The following excerpt from the narrative is from the edition. It is written withinside the 1/3 person, with occasional costs from Sojourner Truth’s very own voice. In 1827, Truth ran away to the house of a neighbor who become recognised to be an abolitionist who granted her liberty
Sojourner Truth is maximum widely recognized for her oratory skills. In particular, she stunned and inspired white males and females at a convention in Ohio in . Truth rose to the degree amidst whispers and emotions most of the crowd that she ought to now no longer speak.
Years afterwards, Frances Dana Gage remembered, “the tumult subsided at once, and each eye become constant in this nearly Amazon form, which stood almost six toes high, head erect, and eyes piercing the top air like one in a dream.
At her first phrase there has been a profound hush. She spoke in deep tones, which, aleven though now no longer loud, reached each ear withinside the house, and away via the throng on the doorways and windows.” The energy of her phrases stand as a sworn statement to her braveness and perseverance to do what she concept become honorable and true – stand for the rights of these oppressed.
Document – The Narrative of Sojourner Truth:
The query in her mind, and one now no longer effortlessly solved, now become, ‘How can I get away?’ So, as become her normal custom, she ‘advised God she become afraid to move withinside the night, and withinside the day all and sundry might see her.’
At length, the concept got here to her that she ought to go away simply earlier than the day dawned, and get out of the community wherein she become recognised earlier than the human beings had been an awful lot astir. ‘Yes,’ stated she, fervently, ‘this is a great concept!
Thank you, God, for that concept!’ So, receiving it as coming direct from God, she acted upon it, and one first-class morning, a bit earlier whendidrelease than day-break, she could have been visible stepping stealthily farfar from the rear of Master When does the narrative of sojourner truth take place | <urn:uuid:656e7c9d-2e0e-4529-ac0b-2ddca8ba9a70> | CC-MAIN-2024-10 | https://whendidreleasedate.com/when-does-the-narrative-of-sojourner-truth-take-place/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2024-10/segments/1707947476374.40/warc/CC-MAIN-20240303111005-20240303141005-00650.warc.gz | en | 0.971671 | 745 | 2.625 | 3 |
Cannons could take out groups of enemy warriors at a time, something natives had no concept of. In the middle of the fifteenth century Prince Henry of subsidized several expeditions down the western coast of Africa. The conquistadors were ruthless when it came to conquering native civilizations or extracting gold from them. The Aztecs lived in a fertile valley 2000 metres above sea level, the water from the surrounding mountains watered their crops, which included maize, cotton, beans and chili peppers. He also sent two men, , and , directly to Tenochtitlan, as ambassadors and to scout for an appropriate route.
Less well-known is 's 1585 revision of the conquest account, which shifts from the indigenous viewpoint entirely and inserts at crucial junctures passages lauding the Spanish and in particular Hernán Cortés. It generally included even armored boots and gloves or gauntlets. Later in the conquest, as conquistadors realized that full suits of armor were overkill in the New World, some of them switched to lighter chainmail, which was just as effective. Resistance to Spanish colonialism The Aztec and Inca Empires covered very large areas and consisted of millions of people. Put another way, the Incas were linguistically more integrated than the Spaniards.
Following a long journey, Columbus landed on the coast of a Caribbean island in what is known today as the Bahamas. There were eight bad omens that were recorded later by a Spanish missionary. Considering the centrality and the importance of the Great Temple as a religious and cultural monument could potentially have influenced the decision to attack a location such as this. If economic development and social and political equity continue to spread throughout the Americas, the process of three peoples becoming one may yet reach fruition. The more generous they were the more it inspired greed in the Spaniards. Without these thousands of native warriors fighting alongside them, these legendary conquistadors would certainly have failed. An expedition against Mexico was led by , who set up a base camp at in 1519 to prepare for an advance inland.
Detroit: Macmillan, 2008 , vol. Those polities now came under Spanish rule, also retaining their internal structures of ruling elites, tribute paying commoners, and land holding and other economic structures largely intact. By the early 16th century, the Aztecs dominated Mexico, especially the southern part. The Spaniards took over many of the buildings and temples, obtaining the various treasures they had to offer. The Alvarado massacre at the Main Temple of precipitated rebellion by the population of the city.
There Columbus lost his flagship, the Santa Maria. In 1546, Spanish authorities discovered silver in the region and established mining settlements in Chichimeca territory which altered the terrain and the Chichimeca traditional way of life. First published by University of California Press 1952. The Spaniards, allegedly better informed, followed the predictable patterns of the Conquest. As late as 1775, Asia still produced eighty percent of goods traded in the world Marks 81. But descendants of plague survivors possessed antibodies that inoculated them from such devastating scourges in the future. The Spanish Struggle for Justice in the Conquest of America Boston: Little, Brown, and Co.
In Mexico, conquistadors found great golden treasures, including great discs of gold, masks, jewelry, and even gold dust and bars. Huge silver mines found in Mexico and Peru in the mid-16th century meant that Spain instantly became the largest supplier of silver in the world. The massacre had a chilling effect on the other city states and groups affiliated with the Aztecs, as well as the Aztecs themselves. The Spanish king sent a general called Hernando Cortes to find the Aztecs. It was compiled by a Spanish priest in Nahuatl, the native language of the Aztec Indians.
Along the coasts the Portuguese followed by the Spanish and English traded firearms, tobacco, cotton, Indian cloth, iron bars, and liquor for enslaved people. Tales of the massacre convinced the other cities in the Aztec Empire to entertain seriously Cortés' proposals rather than risk the same fate. This made it easier for the Inca's officials to travel through the empire to keep an eye on all the clans. The capital was also used for central and imperialistic governmental control. Neither you, nor the coeditors you shared it with will be able to recover it again. On July 14, 1520, the Aztecs attempted to destroy the Spanish for good at the.
The depletion of Indian labor and the protection of Indian populations by Jesuit priests caused Brazil to turn to the widespread use of African slave labor. Nevertheless, this perspective may bring us to understand the risks, collusions, and uncertainties from the perspective of those whose well-being is at stake. He was driven from his home by the thousands, starved, beaten, raped, and murdered with impunity. Conquistador Voices: The Spanish Conquest of the Americas as recounted largely by the Participants. Vasco NÁºÁ±ez de Balboa, a Spanish merchant, was considered the first of the conquistadors. California is named after a fictional island in a popular Spanish chivalry novel. The account was used by eighteenth-century Jesuit in his descriptions of the history of Mexico. | <urn:uuid:c65f2d5a-9d94-436c-9608-c4de061d38ca> | CC-MAIN-2020-40 | http://spitfirephoto.com/spanish-conquest-of-the-americas.html | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2020-40/segments/1600400210616.36/warc/CC-MAIN-20200923081833-20200923111833-00317.warc.gz | en | 0.968819 | 1,077 | 3.84375 | 4 |
Archaeogenetics of the Near East
The archaeogenetics of the Near East involves the study of DNA or ancient DNA, identifying haplogroups and haplotypes of ancient skeletal remains from both Y-DNA, and mtDNA and other autosomal DNA for populations of the Ancient Near East (i.e., the modern Middle East including Egypt, Iran (Persia), Iraq (Mesopotamia), the Levant, Turkey (Anatolia), Arabia, Northern Africa, etc.
Developments in DNA sequencing in the 1970s and 1980s provided researchers with the tools needed to study human genetic variation and the genetics of human populations to discover founder populations of modern people groups and human migrations. In 2005, National Geographic launched The Genographic Project, led by 12 prominent scientists and researchers, to study and map historical human migration patterns by collecting and analyzing DNA samples from hundreds of thousands of people from around the world.
Contamination from handling and intrusion from microbes create obstacles to the recovery of Ancient DNA. Consequently most DNA studies have been carried out on modern Egyptian populations with the intent of learning about the influences of historical migrations on the population of Egypt.
In general, various DNA studies have found that the gene frequencies of North African populations are intermediate between those of the Near East, the Horn of Africa, southern Europe and Sub Saharan Africa, though Egypt’s NRY frequency distributions appear to be much more similar to those of the Middle East than to any sub-Saharan African population, suggesting a much larger Eurasian genetic component.
Blood typing and DNA sampling on ancient Egyptian mummies is scant; however, blood typing of dynastic mummies found ABO frequencies to be most similar to modern Egyptians and some also to Northern Haratin populations. ABO blood group distribution shows that the Egyptians form a sister group to North African populations, including Berbers, Nubians and Canary Islanders. Scholars such as Frank Yurco believe that Modern Egyptians are largely representative of the ancient population.
According to one study based on Y-Chromosome haplogroups, "The Iranians from the present study carry signature lineages with origins in Asia, North Africa, and Europe." As a whole, Persia displays contributions from Anatolia in the northern parts and the Indus Valley in the southern parts, yet a greater proportion from the former is observed in spite of Iran’s proximity to the latter.
Another recent study of the genetic landscape of Iran was done by a team of Cambridge geneticists led by Dr. Maziar Ashrafian Bonab. Bonab remarked that his group had done extensive DNA testing on different language groups, including Indo-European and non Indo-European speakers, in Iran. The study found that the Azerbaijanis of Iran do not have a similar FSt and other genetic markers found in Anatolians and Europeans. However, the genetic Fst and other genetic traits like MRca and mtDNA of Iranian Azeris were identical to Persians in Iran. Azaris of Iran also show very close genetic ties to Kurds.
The indigenous Pre-Arab and Pre-Islamic Assyrian (aka Chaldo-Assyrian) Christian population, descendants of the ancient Mesopotamians, are fairly closely related to other Iraqis, and also to some modern Jordanians, Mandeans and Near Eastern Jewish populations, yet due to religious, ethnic and cultural endogamy have a very distinct genetic profile that distinguishes their population from Iraqi Arabs, Kurds, Armenians, Turcomans, and Shabakis. "The Assyrians are a fairly homogeneous group of people, believed to originate from the land of old Assyria in northern Iraq [..] they are Christians and are bona fide descendants of their ancient namesakes."
In a 2006 study of the Y chromosome DNA of six regional populations, including, for comparison, Assyrians and Syrians, researchers found that, "the two Semitic populations (Assyrians and Syrians) are very distinct from each other according to both [comparative] axes. This difference supported also by other methods of comparison points out the weak genetic affinity between the two populations with different historical destinies."
A 2008 study on the genetics of "old ethnic groups in Mesopotamia," including 340 subjects from seven ethnic communities ("Assyrian, Jewish, Zoroastrian, Armenian, Turkmen, the Arab peoples in Iran, Iraq, and Kuwait") found that Assyrians were homogeneous with respect to all other ethnic groups sampled in the study, regardless of religious affiliation.
A study published in 2011 looking at the relationship between Iraq's Marsh Arabs and ancient Sumerians concluded "the modern Marsh Arabs of Iraq harbour mtDNAs and Y chromosomes that are predominantly of Middle Eastern origin. Therefore, certain cultural features of the area such as water buffalo breeding and rice farming, which were most likely introduced from the Indian sub-continent, only marginally affected the gene pool of the autochthonous people of the region. Moreover, a Middle Eastern ancestral origin of the modern population of the marshes of southern Iraq implies that, if the Marsh Arabs are descendants of the ancient Sumerians, also Sumerians were not of Indian or Southern Asian ancestry."
In a 2011 study focusing on the genetics of the Maʻdān people of Iraq, researchers identified Y chromosome haplotypes shared by Marsh Arabs, Arabic speaking Iraqis, Assyrians and Mandeans "supporting a common indigenous local background."
Levant (Syria, Israel/Palestine, Lebanon, Jordan)
Zalloua and Wells (2004), under the auspices of a grant from National Geographic Magazine examined the origins of the Canaanite Phoenicians. The debate between Wells and Zalloua was whether haplogroup J2 (M172) should be identified as that of the Phoenicians or that of its "parent" haplogroup M89 on the YDNA phylogenetic tree. Initial consensus suggested that J2 be identified with the Canaanite-Phoenician (Northwest Semitic) population, with avenues open for future research. As Wells commented, "The Phoenicians were the Canaanites" It was reported in the PBS description of the National Geographic TV Special on this study entitled "Quest for the Phoenicians" that ancient DNA was included in this study as extracted from the tooth of a 2500 year-old Phoenician mummy.
Wells identified the haplogroup of the Canaanites as haplogroup J2 which originated in northern Mesopotamia. The National Geographic Genographic Project linked haplogroup J2 to the site of Jericho, Tel el-Sultan, ca. 8500 BCE and indicated that in modern populations, haplogroup J2 is found primarily in the Middle East, but also along the coasts of North Africa and Southern Europe, with especially high distribution among present-day Jewish populations (30%), Southern Italians (20%), and lower frequencies in Southern Spain (10%).
In a 2005 study of ASPM gene variants, Mekel-Bobrov et al. found that the Israeli Druze people of the Carmel region have among the highest rate of the newly evolved ASPM haplogroup D, at 52.2% occurrence of the approximately 6,000-year-old allele. While it is not yet known exactly what selective advantage is provided by this gene variant, the haplogroup D allele is thought to be positively selected in populations and to confer some substantial advantage that has caused its frequency to rapidly increase. According to DNA testing, Druze are remarkable for the high frequency (35%) of males who carry the Y-chromosomal haplogroup L, which is otherwise uncommon in the Mideast (Shen et al. 2004). This haplogroup originates from prehistoric South Asia and has spread from Pakistan into southern Iran.
Cruciani in 2007 found E1b1b1a2 (E-V13) [one from Sub Clades of E1b1b1a1 (E-V12)] in high levels (>10% of the male population) in Turkish Cypriot and Druze Arab lineages. Recent genetic clustering analyses of ethnic groups are consistent with the close ancestral relationship between the Druze and Cypriots, and also identified similarity to the general Syrian and Lebanese populations, as well as a variety of Jewish lineages (Ashkenazi, Sephardi, Iraqi Jewish, and Moroccan) (Behar et al. 2010).
A study published by the National Academy of Sciences found that "the paternal gene pools of Jewish communities from Europe, North Africa, and the Middle East descended from a common Middle Eastern ancestral population", and suggested that "most Jewish communities have remained relatively isolated from neighbouring non-Jewish communities during and after the Diaspora". Researchers expressed surprise at the remarkable genetic uniformity they found among modern Jews, no matter where the diaspora has become dispersed around the world. Skorecki and colleague wrote that "the extremely close affinity of Jewish and non-Jewish Middle Eastern populations observed ... supports the hypothesis of a common Middle Eastern origin". According to another study of the same year, more than 70% of Jewish men and half of the Arab men (inhabitants of Israel and the occupied territories only) whose DNA was studied inherited their Y-chromosomes from the same paternal ancestors who lived in the region within the last few thousand years.
This research has suggested that, in addition to Israelite male, significant female founder ancestry might also derive from the Middle East-with 40% of Ashkenazim descended from four women lived about 2000–3000 years ago in the Middle East. In addition, Behar (2006) suggested that the rest of Ashkenazi mtDNA is originated from about 150 women, most of those were probably of Middle Eastern origin. However, more recent research suggests that the four founding maternal lineages of Ashkenazi Jews originate in Europe and that only ~8% of Ashkenazi mtDNA can confidently be assigned a Near Eastern origin, while >80% of Ashkenazi maternal lineages have a likely European origin
In 2004, a team of geneticists from Stanford University, the Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Tartu University (Estonia), Barzilai Medical Center (Ashkelon, Israel), and the Assaf Harofeh Medical Center (Zerifin, Israel), studied the modern Samaritan ethnic community living in Israel in comparison with modern Israeli populations to explore the ancient genetic history of these people groups. The Samaritans or Shomronim (singular: Shomroni; Hebrew: שומרוני) trace their origins to the Assyrian province of Shomron (Samaria) in ancient Israel in the period after the Assyrian conquest circa 722 BCE. Shomron was the capital of the Northern Kingdom of Israel when it was conquered by the Assyrians and gave the name to the ancient province of Samaria and the Samaritan people group. Tradition holds that the Samaritans were a mixed group of Israelites who were not exiled or were sent back or returned from exile and non-Israelites relocated to the region by the Assyrians. The modern-day Samaritans are believed to be the direct descendants of the ancient Samaritans.
Their findings reported on four family lineages among the Samaritans: the Tsdaka family (tradition: tribe of Menasseh), the Joshua-Marhiv and Danfi families (tradition: tribe of Ephraim), and the Cohen family (tradition: tribe of Levi). All Samaritan families were found in haplogroups J1 and J2, except the Cohen family which was found in haplogroup E3b1a-M78. This article predated the E3b1a subclades based on the research of Cruciani, et al.
In population genetics the question has been debated whether the modern Turkish population is significantly related to other, mainly Central Asian, Turkic peoples, or whether they are rather derived from the indigenous largely Indo-European and Semitic speaking populations of Anatolia which were, with the exception of Greeks, Armenians, Assyrians, Jews and Kurds, culturally assimilated during the late Middle Ages. The contribution of the Central Asian genetics to the modern Turkish people has been debated and become the subject of several studies. As a result, several studies have concluded that the historical (pre-Islamic) and indigenous Anatolian groups are the primary source of the present-day Turkish population, in addition to neighboring peoples, such as Balkan peoples (such as Phrygians and Macedonian Greeks), and Central Asian Turkic people, from the Turkic homelands in modern Kazakhstan, Uzbekistan, Turkmenistan and Kirghizstan.
The Pre-Islamic and Pre-Turkic speaking population of Anatolia consisted of, at different periods, a vast patchwork of Caucasoid peoples, including Language Isolate speakers such as Hurrians, Hattians and Urartians among others, who were eventually absorbed by Indo-European populations, the most prominent being Greeks, Kaskians, Luwians, Hittites, Mitanni, Phrygians, Lydians, Cimmerians, Scythians, Medes, Lycians, Cilicians, Armenians, Celts and Kurds. Semitic speaking peoples such as Assyrians, Amorites, Eblaites, Phoenicians, Arameans and Jews also maintained a longstanding presence across southern Anatolia, and to a lesser degree, Kartvelian (Georgian) and Northwest Caucasian speaking peoples in the north east.
- Ancient DNA
- Haplogroup J-P209 (Y-DNA)
- Ancient Near East
- Ethnic groups of the Middle East
- Genetic history of indigenous peoples of the Americas
- Y-DNA haplogroups by populations of Sub-Saharan Africa
- African people
- Arab peoples
- Iranian peoples
- Indian peoples
- Middle East
- Genetic origins of the Turkish people
- Origin of Egyptians
- Origins of the Kurds
- Y-chromosomal Aaron
- Origin of the Nilotic peoples
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- Hammer MF, Redd AJ, Wood ET et al. (June 2000). "Jewish and Middle Eastern non-Jewish populations share a common pool of Y-chromosome biallelic haplotypes". Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America 97 (12): 6769–74. Bibcode:2000PNAS...97.6769H. doi:10.1073/pnas.100115997. PMC 18733. PMID 10801975.
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- Wade, Nicholas (January 14, 2006). "New Light on Origins of Ashkenazi in Europe". The New York Times. Retrieved 24 May 2006.
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- Cruciani F, La Fratta R, Torroni A, Underhill PA, Scozzari R (August 2006). "Molecular dissection of the Y chromosome haplogroup E-M78 (E3b1a): a posteriori evaluation of a microsatellite-network-based approach through six new biallelic markers". Human Mutation 27 (8): 831–2. doi:10.1002/humu.9445. PMID 16835895.
- Arnaiz-Villena, A.; Karin, M.; Bendikuze, N.; Gomez-Casado, E.; Moscoso, J.; Silvera, C.; Oguz, F.S.; Sarper Diler, A.; De Pacho, A.; Allende, L.; Guillen, J.; Martinez Laso, J. (2001). "HLA alleles and haplotypes in the Turkish population: Relatedness to Kurds, Armenians and other Mediterraneans". Tissue Antigens 57 (4): 308–17. doi:10.1034/j.1399-0039.2001.057004308.x. PMID 11380939.
- Schurr, Theodore G.; Yardumian, Aram (2011). "Who Are the Anatolian Turks?". Anthropology & Archeology of Eurasia 50 (1): 6–42. doi:10.2753/AAE1061-1959500101.
- Hodoğlugil U, Mahley RW (March 2012). "Turkish population structure and genetic ancestry reveal relatedness among Eurasian populations". Annals of Human Genetics 76 (2): 128–41. doi:10.1111/j.1469-1809.2011.00701.x. PMID 22332727.
- Rosser, Zoë H.; Zerjal, Tatiana; Hurles, Matthew E.; Adojaan, Maarja; Alavantic, Dragan; Amorim, António; Amos, William; Armenteros, Manuel; Arroyo, Eduardo; Barbujani, Guido (2000). "Y-Chromosomal Diversity in Europe is Clinal and Influenced Primarily by Geography, Rather than by Language". The American Journal of Human Genetics 67 (6): 1526–43. doi:10.1086/316890. PMC 1287948. PMID 11078479.
- Nasidze, I; Sarkisian, T; Kerimov, A; Stoneking, M (2003). "Testing hypotheses of language replacement in the neighbouring Caucasus: evidence from the Y-chromosome". Human Genetics 112 (3): 255–61. doi:10.1007/s00439-002-0874-4 (inactive 2014-03-05). PMID 12596050. INIST:14599190.
- Cinnioğlu, Cengiz; King, Roy; Kivisild, Toomas; Kalfoğlu, Ersi; Atasoy, Sevil; Cavalleri, Gianpiero L.; Lillie, Anita S.; Roseman, Charles C.; Lin, Alice A.; Prince, Kristina; Oefner, Peter J.; Shen, Peidong; Semino, Ornella; Cavalli-Sforza, L. Luca; Underhill, Peter A. (2004). "Excavating Y-chromosome haplotype strata in Anatolia". Human Genetics 114 (2): 127–48. doi:10.1007/s00439-003-1031-4. PMID 14586639.
- Wells RS, Yuldasheva N, Ruzibakiev R et al. (August 2001). "The Eurasian heartland: a continental perspective on Y-chromosome diversity". Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America 98 (18): 10244–9. Bibcode:2001PNAS...9810244W. doi:10.1073/pnas.171305098. JSTOR 3056514. PMC 56946. PMID 11526236.
- Comas D, Schmid H, Braeuer S et al. (March 2004). "Alu insertion polymorphisms in the Balkans and the origins of the Aromuns". Annals of Human Genetics 68 (Pt 2): 120–7. doi:10.1046/j.1529-8817.2003.00080.x. PMID 15008791.
- Cruciani, F.; La Fratta, R., Torroni, A., Underhill, P. A., Scozzari, R. (2006). "Molecular Dissection of the Y Chromosome Haplogroup E-M78 (E3b1a): A Posteriori Evaluation of a Microsatellite-Network-Based Approach Through Six New Biallelic Markers". Human Mutation 27 (8): 831–2. doi:10.1002/humu.9445. PMID 16835895.
- King, R. J.; Ozcan, S. S., Carter, T., Kalfoglu, E., Atasoy, S., Triantaphyllidis, C., Kouvatsi, A., Lin, A. A., Chow, C-E. T., Zhivotovsky, L. A., Michalodimitrakis, M., Underhill, P. A., (2008). "Differential Y-chromosome Anatolian Influences on the Greek and Cretan Neolithic." Annals of Human Genetics 72 Issue 2 March 2008: 205-214.
- Shen, P; Lavi, T; Kivisild, T; Chou, V; Sengun, D; Gefel, D; Shpirer, I; Woolf, E; Hillel, J et al. et al. (2004). "Reconstruction of Patrilineages and Matrilineages of Samaritans and Other Israeli Populations From Y-Chromosome and Mitochondrial DNA Sequence Variation". Human Mutation 24 (3): 248–260. doi:10.1002/humu.20077. PMID 15300852.
- Zalloua, P., Wells, S. (2004) "Who Were the Phoenicians?" National Geographic Magazine, October 2004. | <urn:uuid:de8d67db-ae9d-4280-b6b0-d39d6c486243> | CC-MAIN-2014-49 | http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Archaeogenetics_of_the_Near_East | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2014-49/segments/1416400379414.61/warc/CC-MAIN-20141119123259-00079-ip-10-235-23-156.ec2.internal.warc.gz | en | 0.83047 | 6,569 | 3.640625 | 4 |
Daisies are a beautiful addition to a flower bed that can survive most weather and spreads readily. Add for a pop of color and long lasting beauty that comes back year after year! Growing daisies from seed is fairly simple. The seeds can be broadcasted into the garden and will fill in excess spaces, or they can be planted 6” apart. Daisy seeds need light to germinate, so they should not be covered, if possible, or barely covered if it cannot be avoided. Seeds can go out at about any time, but an extended period of hot or cold when the seedlings are young and fragile can damage or kill your plants. Save some of your seeds to re-plant if a late freeze causes issues. You can also start daisies indoors, and transplant when they are 4-6” tall. Space them 18-30” apart if transplanting. Because daisies spread, you want to make sure that there is plenty of space around each one. Daisies use both rhizomes and seeds to spread out in gardens. Pick an area with good drainage, since daisies do not like to have wet feet. A nitrogen-rich fertilizer can be added to the flower bed for initial growth, but once buds begin to appear, use a phosphorus-heavy fertilizer to promote more blooms.
Daisies can grow 12-30” tall. Taller varieties may need to be staked, especially if your area has high winds. Daisies with more light will bloom more, so try to keep dwarf varieties out of the shadow of larger plants. Trim spent flowers to promote further blooms, but leave dead flowers in the fall to have seeds drop for next year. Some daisies may survive harsher winter temperatures, while others will die back and grow from new seeds each year.
Daisies make a beautiful cut flower, but are also utilized in homeopathic remedies | <urn:uuid:db06952c-c70b-45ad-a252-200ecf00a0a0> | CC-MAIN-2023-14 | https://bloominbin.com/blogs/news/daisy | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2023-14/segments/1679296949701.56/warc/CC-MAIN-20230401063607-20230401093607-00737.warc.gz | en | 0.918511 | 397 | 2.796875 | 3 |
Flexibility exercise is an important part of your exercise regimen. Flexibility involves stretching muscles and tendons through controlled stretching. Performing flexibility exercises helps to stretch the muscle groups to prevent injury, promote range of motion and flexibility of joints, help with activities of daily living, and provide pain relief.
- Perform after every aerobic and resistance exercise session
- Only stretch warm muscle
- Stretch major muscle and tendon group
- 10 minutes
- 10-30 seconds for each stretch
- Repeat each stretch 3-4 times
Equipment you will need:
- Foam roller (if needed)
- Resistance Bands (if needed)
Check out a Yoga or Pilates class to help change up your stretching and flexibility routine. | <urn:uuid:7372c9dd-0af5-417c-9c51-da837faeacb1> | CC-MAIN-2021-31 | https://www.360bariatrics.com/patient-education/flexibility-exercise/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2021-31/segments/1627046153739.28/warc/CC-MAIN-20210728154442-20210728184442-00542.warc.gz | en | 0.892932 | 150 | 2.859375 | 3 |
Lee Hirsch's new documentary Bully records the tragic toll that school bullying can take on the lives of young students and their families.
Five families allow cameras to document their lives as some of them grapple with the shocking reality that bullying pushed their young child to suicide. The others are more fortunate-their child is alive, but faces violent bullying on a daily basis.
The film features the stories of a diverse group including Iowan Alex Libby, a seventh-grader with Asperger's syndrome. Despite his best attempts, Libby cannot make friends with his classmates. Instead, mean classmates call him fish face and bullies harass him physically and verbally. Most others ignore him as he stands alone on the school grounds.
Kelby is a high-schooler in Oklahoma who grew up in a Bible-teaching home but recently came out as a lesbian. Now, her church has shunned her. Her family's lifelong friends refuse to talk to them; her classmates and teachers harass her in class; and eventually her parents pack up and move.
But the film doesn't push an agenda. Instead it exposes both the appalling reality of bullying at school and the frustrating lack of effective solutions. Where most people would expect there to be parental, administrative, and even police intervention, Bully shows the reality of passivity and a fundamental sense of helplessness.
Bully includes real footage of physical and verbal harassment, profanity, and the reality of suicide, but its R rating is extreme. The producers didn't arrange those elements in a sensational way. Rather, they included them to expose a dangerous situation and its tragic consequences.
The film is best if viewed as a catalyst. It could be a tool to awaken parents to the painful reality of bullying. It could raise awareness about ineffective anti-bullying methods in schools. For Christians, it could also be viewed as a wake-up call for churches to provide hopeful solutions instead of shunning hurting children and their families. | <urn:uuid:7cb47957-163e-440a-a224-23a582302477> | CC-MAIN-2015-40 | http://www.worldmag.com/2012/04/bully | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2015-40/segments/1443737994631.83/warc/CC-MAIN-20151001221954-00212-ip-10-137-6-227.ec2.internal.warc.gz | en | 0.975215 | 401 | 2.609375 | 3 |
Classes which teach coding for kids are increasingly popular. With an eye on the future, coding programmes and courses designed for children provide an engaging way to introduce children to various skills which can be applied to both academic performance and softer personal skills.
Some of the benefits of coding for kids include helping children to learn logical thinking, where there is a start and end to a routine, and to also visualise abstract concepts and apply them to their coding. With many coding for kids programmes centred around problem-solving, children also learn to exercise creativity and resilience as they tackle fun challenges or develop games.
With Singapore’s emphasis on STEM (Science, Technology, Engineering and Mathematics), it is no wonder that there are coding classes in Singapore for children from as young as preschool age. Want to let your child have a taste of coding? Here are some centres which offer coding for kids in Singapore.
Coding for Kids in Singapore
With an award-winning, MIT-Inspired curriculum, Coding Lab (codinglab.com.sg) places a strong emphasis on inquiry-based learning that develops computational thinking and imparts real-world digital skills. Coding Lab caters to students from 4 to 18 years of age and their instructors have taught thousands of students, ranging from preschoolers to University Undergraduates.
Want to expose your child to something broader? Try their Young Computer Scientists Programme where students get to go on a journey through 12 different research areas (all related to programming of course!). Kids will get to explore exciting themes such as Artificial Intelligence and Machine Learning, Tinkering with the Micro:Bit, and bring what they have learned in class to life with a Biology or Physics simulation.
With Coding Lab’s structured, progressive learning roadmap, students will be given age-appropriate challenges to work on as they progress through the levels.
Teens will be challenged to solve real-world mathematical simulations with code and create programmes that make a difference in the community. They will also be invited to Coding Masterclasses on current topics such as Data Analytics: Social media Insights or take the path leading to specialised Olympiad training that will build a solid foundation for their future.
Find out more about Coding Lab’s various class and camps at www.codinglab.com.sg.
Use code LDO5 to get 5% off any Coding Lab classes.
Parkway Parade: 80 Marine Parade Road, #10-06 Parkway Parade, Singapore 449269
Upper Bukit Timah: 264 Upper Bukit Timah Road, #03-06, Singapore 588208
The Grassroots Club, 190 Ang Mo Kio Avenue 8, Singapore 568046
Contact: 6528 2282
Smarter Me (smarterme.sg) was formed to equip children with the skillset, mindset and heartset, to achieve success and happiness in the future world. It is the first holistic future skills online school in Singapore, providing classes in Coding, Robotics, Entrepreneurship, Design Thinking, and Mindfulness for ages 6 and above.
What makes Smarter Me’s classes unique is that the classes are conducted live online – so your child is interacting with other kids and getting real-time feedback from the teacher while enjoying the flexibility of joining the class from home, and not feeling tired from all the travelling.
As one parent puts it, “She thinks she is getting screen time, but she’s actually turning from a tech consumer into a creator!”
What’s more, Smarter Me has tied up with leading corporates to provide real-world experience to their students through corporate challenges and competitions. Partners include Facebook, DBS, Grab, Garuda Robotics and more.
And that’s not all. During the school holidays, Smarter Me offers their future skills lessons in the form of in-person holiday camps, so that your children can work collaboratively with others! At these interdisciplinary camps, your kids don’t just learn theoretical skills, they create tangible products – coded an app, built a robot to move or actually set up a business and sold goods!
Contact: 9180 9791
ripplecreate (ripplecreate.com) has worked with over 100 schools in Singapore and knows a thing or two about setting solid, age-appropriate curriculums to ignite the love of coding in a child.
Its Ripple Tech Program is a comprehensive weekly STEAM-based programme which offers a clear progression structure for ICT education and learning objectives personalised to your child’s interest and learning pace.
Comprising 14 tracks, the ripplecreate programme caters to students’ wide-ranging interests in coding, drones, robotics, game and mobile app development, digital media coding languages like Python and C++, and even digital quotient and data analytics.
The curriculum, while extensive, are built on the soft skills that will take your child further in life, like design and computational thinking, digital quotient, personalised and inquiry-based learning, as well as the experiential approach. This is in alignment with ripplecreate’s holistic learning pedagogy, which is specially curated for technology learning.
When you sign up for a free trial, your child will receive an age-appropriate, personalised curriculum roadmap based on an assessment by ripplecreate’s instructor during the first trial lesson.
As one of the founding organisers of RippleUX – a premier coding and robotics competition – together with Nanyang Polytechnic and the UAVionics society of Nanyang Technological University, your child will also be exposed to competition opportunities and receive training for it.
Parents will enjoy flexibility with the Ripple Tech Program as its modular nature allows students to take a break in between, for any reason, and return at a suitable time to complete the two-year study.
Where: 299 River Valley Rd, #03-00, Singapore 238340
Contact: 6255 5622
iVinci Kids’ courses focus on various life skills which will stay with kids and translate into academic and career success. Its mission is to create a fun and engaging environment where children not only learn to programme, but also have opportunities to be creative using code.
To do so, iVinci Kids uses Tynker – the #1 coding program from USA used by 60 million kids worldwide. With Tynker’s revolutionary approach, kids learn to code using visual code blocks that represent real programming concepts. Once proficient, they transition into mainstream languages such as Python.
iVinci Kids believes that coding is just one part of the overall digital or technology literacy and equal emphasis should be given to computer science and programming concepts. Its progressive and structured curriculum focuses on the three key pillars of Coding, Computer Science and Concepts. The Tynker platform is used to teach Coding. Customised material is used to cover Computer Science fundamentals such as knowledge of hardware, software, networking and to connect real-life, practical examples with Concepts and programming fundamentals.
The small student-teacher ratio at iVinci Kids allows greater attention is given to a child’s capabilities with each student learning at his or her own pace. Each child’s knowledge is challenged and tested with projects and quizzes which are shared with parents.
To find out more or to please register for iVinci’s trial class, visit this page.
Where: 865, Mountbatten Road, #06-22 Katong Shopping Centre, Singapore 437844
Contact: 9457 4200
This feature is brought to you by Coding Lab, Smarter Me, ripplecreate and Ivinci Kids. | <urn:uuid:8f58420d-f019-4202-96d9-ee5e3a8fa649> | CC-MAIN-2022-05 | https://www.littledayout.com/coding-for-kids-classes-in-singapore-for-children/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-05/segments/1642320304876.16/warc/CC-MAIN-20220125220353-20220126010353-00376.warc.gz | en | 0.923041 | 1,640 | 2.75 | 3 |
Cast to Sparse
Arguments passed to other methods
NULL or a character vector giving the row names for
the data; missing values are not allowed
TRUE, setting row names and
converting column names (to syntactic names: see
make.names) is optional. Note that all of R's
as.data.frame() methods use
optional only for column names treatment, basically with the
data.frame(*, check.names = !optional).
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logical: should the character vector be converted to a factor?
as.data.frame.Matrix: A data frame representation of the S4 Matrix | <urn:uuid:3ab74cb5-70df-46d3-aa77-505e5ac39275> | CC-MAIN-2022-49 | https://satijalab.org/seurat/reference/as.sparse.html | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-49/segments/1669446711637.64/warc/CC-MAIN-20221210005738-20221210035738-00632.warc.gz | en | 0.699818 | 160 | 2.5625 | 3 |
Definitions for kurile islandsˈkʊər ɪl, kʊˈril
This page provides all possible meanings and translations of the word kurile islands
Random House Webster's College Dictionary
Ku′rileˈkʊər ɪl, kʊˈril(n.pl.)
(or Ku′ril ) Is′lands
a chain of small islands off the NE coast of Asia, extending from N Japan to the S tip of Kamchatka: renounced by Japan in 1945; under Russian administration.
Category: Geography (places)
The Nuttall Encyclopedia
a chain of 26 islands, being a continuation of the peninsula of Kamchatka, enclosing the sea of Okhotsk; very sparsely inhabited.
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"kurile islands." Definitions.net. STANDS4 LLC, 2013. Web. 8 Dec. 2013. <http://www.definitions.net/definition/kurile islands>. | <urn:uuid:10f1567f-8197-40c8-8529-cfc7e287a74d> | CC-MAIN-2013-48 | http://www.definitions.net/definition/kurile%20islands | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2013-48/segments/1386163066263/warc/CC-MAIN-20131204131746-00065-ip-10-33-133-15.ec2.internal.warc.gz | en | 0.681824 | 243 | 3 | 3 |
The hôtel de Lalande
The hôtel de Lalande was built at the end of the Ancien Régime for a family of wealthy local parliamentarians. Standing between the courtyard and the garden, this stately, imposing townhouse is one of the most beautiful aristocratic residences of 18th century Bordeaux. Bearing witness to the power of the urban elite, it is also an outstanding example of the architectural wealth that has made Bordeaux a UNESCO World Heritage Site.
In 1775, Pierre de Raymond de Lalande (1727-1787), a councilor to the Parliament of Bordeaux, acquired a large plot of land near to the Palais Rohan in Saint Christoly Parish, and in 1778 filed a request to build a residence there. In his Description Historique de Bordeaux (1785), Paul Pallandre attributed its construction to “M. Etienne Laclotte, a well-known architect who produced a number of masterpieces in Bordeaux.” He goes on to describe the Hôtel de Lalande as possessing “the greatest nobility, its entrance beautiful, its courtyard, the structure itself, the staircase, the configuration, the garden — everything is ingenious.”
In 1752, Pierre de Raymond de Lalande had married Jeanne de Lalande-Gayon (1734-1817), Lady of Urtubie and the owner of extensive holdings in the colony of Saint Domingue (present-day Haiti). When her husband died in 1787, less than ten years after they moved into the townhouse, she renounced her inheritance rights in favor of their eldest son, Jean de Raymond de Lalande. Due to his noble status and his service as an attorney in the Parliament of Bordeaux, Jean was arrested during the Revolution and guillotined in Place Nationale (now Place Gambetta) on July 10, 1794. His sister Pétronille suffered the same fate.
Sold in 1828, the property of the Lalande heirs changed hands several times during the 19th century. The townhouse was first purchased by Madame Marthe Gabrielle Budan Asselin, a wealthy Creole from Martinique, then in 1839 by a merchant named Jean-Baptiste Duffour Debarte, who bequeathed it to his son Lodi Martin Duffour Dubergier, mayor of Bordeaux from 1842 to 1848. Perhaps strangely, none of these owners actually lived in the lovely residence, but leased it to the governor of the 11th military division. When Duffour Dubergier died in 1860, another merchant, Antoine Dalléas, took over the property. Finally, in 1880 the city of Bordeaux acquired the hôtel de Lalande and converted into a police and vice control headquarters. | <urn:uuid:74ab691f-0f00-49bc-a4c4-20ff2cf1366a> | CC-MAIN-2020-10 | https://madd-bordeaux.fr/index.php/en/unique-history/hotel-de-lalande | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2020-10/segments/1581875145746.24/warc/CC-MAIN-20200223032129-20200223062129-00098.warc.gz | en | 0.950545 | 585 | 2.859375 | 3 |
One of the many complications of diabetes is the damage the disease can cause to vision. Called diabetic retinopathy, the condition causes damage to the blood vessels of the retina and can develop in type 1 and 2 diabetes patients.
The longer you have diabetes (and the less controlled your blood sugar), the more likely it is that you will develop diabetic retinopathy. That’s because prolonged high blood sugar levels are what damages the blood vessels in the retina, causing them to leak.
Diabetic retinopathy may cause no symptoms – at first
You may not realize your diabetes is affecting your vision, or vision problems may be so mild that they go unnoticed. And because diabetic retinopathy can develop with few or no symptoms, many diabetics go undiagnosed.
Eventually, diabetic retinopathy can cause blindness.
That’s why it’s so important for diabetic patients to be monitored yearly by their eye doctor for changes in the retina. Otherwise, by the time you notice a problem, you could be left with few or no treatment options. The eye doctor can spot changes that signify the presence of the disease early on, when the disease is most treatable, and before you have even noticed any problem.
Early detection of diabetic retinopathy is critical
People with diabetes should have yearly dilated eye exams, even if your vision seems fine. And the disease usually damages both eyes. If you experience any problems with your vision you should see your eye doctor immediately. Call today for an appointment: 561.338.7722. Symptoms of diabetic retinopathy can include:
- Floaters or spots
- Blurred changing vision or loss of vision
- Difficulty seeing colors
- Dark or empty areas in vision
Effective treatments are available
If your eyes are at risk of vision loss due to diabetic retinopathy, the best time for successful treatments is before that happens. The disease can’t be cured, but effective treatments, including laser and vitrectomy surgery, can preserve vision and reduce the risk of loss. Controlling blood glucose levels, as well as weight, high blood pressure, cholesterol and anemia can also reduce the risk and progression of diabetic retinopathy. | <urn:uuid:4a4f8f65-3483-41c6-9a7a-ac7c2ff48756> | CC-MAIN-2017-26 | http://www.akerkasten.com/eye-doctor-key-controlling-diabetes-complication/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2017-26/segments/1498128323730.30/warc/CC-MAIN-20170628185804-20170628205804-00228.warc.gz | en | 0.933537 | 455 | 3.203125 | 3 |
Cuenca (CONGA), Diocese of, in Spain, suffragan of Toledo. The episcopal city (10,756) is also the capital of the civil province of the same name, and the diocese includes, in addition, a portion of the provinces of Guadalajara and Albacete. Cuenca was made a diocese in 1183 by Lucius III, shortly after its reconquest from the Moors by Alfonso IX (1177). The first bishop was Juan Yanez. Among its famous prelates were (1577) the great jurisconsult Diego de Covarruvias y Leyva (q.v.), Isidoro de Carvajal y Lancaster (1760), and (1858) Cardinal Miguel Paya, Archbishop of Santiago, one of the most distinguished prelates of the Vatican Council. The cathedral of Cuenca is a magnificent Gothic edifice begun at the end of the twelfth and finished in the thirteenth century. One of its chapels bears the name and was built at the expense of the Albornoz family to which belonged the great cardinal Gil de Albornoz (q.v.). The church of Santa Maria de Gracia, once a synagogue, is remarkable for its fine sculptures.
EDUARDO DE HINOJOSA | <urn:uuid:a89a81a7-a84e-42f3-95a2-836854bc44ab> | CC-MAIN-2021-17 | https://www.catholic.com/encyclopedia/diocese-of-cuenca-spain | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2021-17/segments/1618038863420.65/warc/CC-MAIN-20210419015157-20210419045157-00345.warc.gz | en | 0.926995 | 275 | 2.515625 | 3 |
Butterfly Behavior: Eating and Puddling
Nectar is the staple of a butterfly's diet. In the plant world, nectar is a reward for animals that act as pollinators, including butterflies and bees. Flowering plants produce nectar that the insects want to eat, and in exchange the insects spread the flowers' pollen, allowing them to reproduce. While some insects, like bees, have lots of adaptations that allow them to carry lots of flowers, many butterflies don't. In fact, some butterflies don't spread pollen at all -- they take the nectar without helping the plant in exchange. In this sense, butterflies can be parasites.
It's easy to imagine butterflies as delicate insects flitting from flower to flower in search of nectar. Their long proboscis allows them to reach deep into flowers and retrieve the nectar found there. At first glance, the proboscis doesn't seem suited to consuming any other type of food. While it's true that sugary nectar is a primary source of energy for butterflies, they have lots of other dietary needs. Butterflies need nutrients and minerals to fly and reproduce, and many of these don't exist in the sweet liquids produced by flowers.
© Pierre Yu/iStockphoto
Some butterflies also eat fruit. Some of these butterflies pierce the fruit's skin and drain the juices from inside. Others drink the juices from the surface of rotting fruit. Butterflies that prefer to drink from fresh fruit sometimes have a pointed proboscis, making it easier to puncture the fruit's skin.
Getting enough minerals and salt requires other food sources, including urine, dung and standing water. This is why you'll often see many butterflies drinking from very shallow, still water. This water has absorbed minerals from the soil underneath it, and the butterflies need these minerals to supplement their diet. This behavior is called puddling. Sometimes, butterflies will fly away from a puddle and return to it a few seconds later -- this may disturb the water, bringing more minerals to the surface. If there's no water around, a butterfly may regurgitate into the soil and then drink in the hope of retrieving minerals.
All of these behaviors lead up to the main purpose of a butterfly's life -- reproduction. Read on to learn about mating rituals and how male butterflies contribute to females' ability to lay eggs. | <urn:uuid:9c29edc0-eb33-4ad9-a7a1-2cce89a28c42> | CC-MAIN-2014-10 | http://science.howstuffworks.com/zoology/insects-arachnids/butterfly3.htm | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2014-10/segments/1393999650844/warc/CC-MAIN-20140305060730-00070-ip-10-183-142-35.ec2.internal.warc.gz | en | 0.947064 | 481 | 4.03125 | 4 |
Doesn’t the world need another modelling language? :o)
ScruML stands for “Scrum Modelling Language”. Like UML, but domain specific and not as strict and… um… well maybe not that much like UML after all.
ScruML is used to visualize a Scrum organization in a simple even-the-managers-get-it way. It focuses only on the Scrum elements (product owners and teams and who delivers to who), so it is not a complete organizational map. This is useful as tool when a company is trying to figure out how to implement Scrum in their particular context.
How will the organization look like in the first step? The second step? Which teams do we have? Which teams need to synchronize with each other? Which stakeholders feed which product backlogs? Which product backlogs feed which teams? If there are multiple product owners, who resolves priority conflicts between them? What is the definition of Done? How long are the sprints? Etc. All in one simple, beautiful picture.
NOTE FOR SENSITIVE READERS: Some of the diagrams below show non-optimal Scrum organizations, including terrible things such as handovers to QA. I’ve heard that such organizations exist in reality-land :o)
You seem like a smart & impatient person so instead of writing a tedious spec I’ll provide 3 examples and let you figure out the details yourself.
Example 1: Single team (or Hello World)
This diagram says:
- We have one team consisting of 5 team members, with Reza Farhang (RF) as ScrumMaster.
- There is only one product owner (the stick figure) and one product backlog.
- The product backlog is mostly populated by requests directly from end users.
- The definition of done is “delivered to the end user”.
- Sprint length is 2 weeks.
- We have two teams working off the same product backlog.
- The definition of done is “delivered to operations” (who in turn may deploy to production now or later).
- Team 1 does 2-week sprints, Team 2 does 4-week sprints.
- The teams need to synchronize their work through a Scrum-of-Scrums (the dotted line) but they deliver independently to operations. There is no integration step.
- The product backlog is populated mostly by sales, management, beta testers, and the support department.
- We have 2 product owners and product backlogs (JM and LJ).
- LJ’s backlog is fed by helpdesk.
- JM’s backlog is mostly fed by product management, but requests from other stakeholders end up there as well.
- Team 1 and Team 2 are fed by JM’s product backlog, both do 3-week sprints.
- Their definition of done is “integrated & delivered to QA”, i.e. team 1 and team 2 integrate to a single release before handing to QA.
- Team 3 is fed by LJ’s product backlog, they do 1-week sprints. They basically work for helpdesk.
- Their definition of done is “ready for shipping”, they don’t need to go through a separate QA step.
- All three teams have dependencies and therefore synchronize through a Scrum of Scrums.
- If JM and LJ run into resource conflicts (for example who gets the new recruits or the cool server), the conflict is resolved by AS.
Feel free to add any other elements you need. Just remember that adding too many new elements will quickly make the diagram unreadable… | <urn:uuid:8a1f5e10-5c33-4f2a-9963-0fbef78aaa63> | CC-MAIN-2016-22 | http://blog.crisp.se/2007/08/25/henrikkniberg/1187995980000 | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2016-22/segments/1464049278244.51/warc/CC-MAIN-20160524002118-00122-ip-10-185-217-139.ec2.internal.warc.gz | en | 0.932608 | 782 | 2.6875 | 3 |
B. Now listen to a lecture. Write down the five major contrasts between vertical and lateral thinking.
Since most of us have been trained to think vertically and believe this way of thinking to be the only effectively form,
it's my initial task to address the contrasts between the vertical and lateral thinking.
First, vertically thinking selects what appears to be the best way of looking at a problem, lateral thinking creates many alternative approaches.
There's an old riddle which could illustrate these different approaches to problem solving.
When you've heard it, try to find the solution.
A man worked in a tall office building.
Each morning, he got into the lift on the ground floor, pressed the lift button to the 11th floor, got out of the lift and walked up to the 16th floor.
At night, he would get into the lift on the 16th floor, and get out on the ground floor. What was the reason for this?
The man was a dwarf and couldn't reach higher than the 11th floor button.
The natural assumption is that the man is normal and the behavior is abnormal. In fact, it is just the opposite.
Let's continue with other contrasts.
When we think vertically, we move in sequential steps, rather like an old man climbing a ladder.
In lateral thinking, it is possible to jump ahead and then fill in the gaps later.
The solution may make sense, even though the pathway is not vertical.
It's certainly true that scientific research is often based on vertical thinking.
However, the discovery of penicillin and its life-saving developments were the results of lateral thinking.
Another difference is that vertical thinking implies that each problem-solving step must be correct before the next can be approached.
Think back to the way learned mathematics: addition, subtraction, multiplication, division.
Were you asked to show the process even when the result was correct?
Indeed mathematics could not function without this discipline.
Lateral thinking differs in that it is possible to generate a range of hypothetical solutions without providing steps of the process.
There are many different ways of reaching the same destination.
However, we must now conclude with further aspects of lateral and vertical thinking.
Let me pose a question: Is the tomato a fruit or a vegetable?
In vertical thinking, we use fixed categories, whereas in lateral thinking, labels may change according to our experience and point of view.
Botanically the tomato is a fruit. Do you expect to find tomatoes in a fruit salad? Most probably not.
But the ubiquitous tomato will appear in every vegetable salad.
Vertical thinking is to examine the obvious approach and exclude what seems to be irrelevant.
Vertical thinking by its nature is in search of one final answer.
Lateral thinkers are aware that there maybe no answer at all.
Finally, and you must be wondering whether you will be to think tomorrow, the differences are fundamental, and the thought processes are distinct.
But never forget that neither process can be discarded.
Both are useful. Both are necessary. They are complementary.
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Step by Step 3000 第4册 Unit11:Lateral or Vertical(2)来源:可可英语 编辑:sophie VIP免费外教试听课 | 可可官方微信:ikekenet | <urn:uuid:82f6e7b9-2f63-4d89-afdf-309fcf609f9c> | CC-MAIN-2017-26 | http://icardenglish.com/Article/201706/503566.shtml | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2017-26/segments/1498128323711.85/warc/CC-MAIN-20170628153051-20170628173051-00533.warc.gz | en | 0.926462 | 800 | 3.953125 | 4 |
Generally, a new type of government is established when its earlier alternative fails to fulfill the needs of citizens. When such a type of government is established, the positive attributes of the previous government are retained whereas, the negative attributes are changed. Similarly, Parliamentary Democracy and Social Democracy were established. So, what exactly is the difference between Parliamentary Democracy and Social Democracy? These two types of government are differentiated based on factors like definition, ideologies, characteristics, structure, etc. The widely used definition of Parliamentary Democracy is "A party with greatest representation in the parliament and its leader becoming the prime minister or chancellor" whereas, Social Democracy is defined as "A socialist system of govenment based on democracy".
Comparison of Parliamentary Democracy vs Social Democracy proves to be significant when we are studying different types of governments. Parliamentary Democracy and Social Democracy may differ drastically in their principles or they could be such government forms, which are derived from one another. These principles and other details can be studied at Parliamentary Democracy Definition and Social Democracy Definition.
When you compare Parliamentary Democracy vs Social Democracy structure the factors to be considered are majority rule, succession, presence of parliament and constitution.
© 2015-2021. A softUsvista venture! | <urn:uuid:820d1d81-a65f-42e0-85e4-80a40eff6d71> | CC-MAIN-2021-04 | https://www.governmentvs.com/en/parliamentary-democracy-vs-social-democracy/comparison-52-50-0 | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2021-04/segments/1610703514423.60/warc/CC-MAIN-20210118061434-20210118091434-00561.warc.gz | en | 0.954743 | 244 | 3.5625 | 4 |
Prostate cancer is one of the most frequently diagnosed cancers in the world, despite it only being diagnosed in males females do not have prostate glands. In fact, more than 70 percent of men over the age of 80 have some quantity of cancer cells in their prostate. The five-year survival rates for the disease are close to percent, especially when talking about prostate cancer that is caught early on in the process-before it spreads. Nevertheless, prostate cancer is serious business, and the best way to handle a diagnosis is to be informed. Prostate Cancer: A Guide for Aging Men. Average Age of Prostate Cancer Diagnosis.
Your chance of being diagnosed with prostate cancer increases with age, too. In addition to age being a telling factor in how likely it is a male will develop prostate cancer, so is race.
While diagnosis rates fell for all races between an according to the Centers for Disease Control and Preventionblack men consistently were diagnosed with prostate cancer far more frequently than any other racial group.
Some trends over the 16 years include: Black men were diagnosed with prostate cancer more than 50 percent the national average perpeople.
Whites and Hispanics were diagnosed at similar rates, both of which fell just below the national average. Researchers chalk this trend up to a couple reasons, including, but not limited to: generally having less quality facilities thus lower quality caregenetics, and having certain environmental and dietary differences than other black populations around the world. Black men in Africa are diagnosed with prostate cancer less frequently than African-American men, which would suggest the living environment-and all the stress and differences in diet that come with it-could influence the higher diagnosis rates.
Other Risk Factors Outside of age and race, there are lifestyle choices and genetic predispositions that put you at a higher risk of developing prostate cancer.
These can include: Family history : How often prostate cancer occurs in your family can be an indicator of the likelihood that you are diagnosed with prostate cancer, too. If more than three immediate family members like a brother, father, grandfather, uncle on the same side of the family have been diagnosed with prostate cancer, then you may want to get screened earlier than planned.
With you spread for older man right! good idea
Genetic mutations : Mutations of certain genes-like BRCA1 and BRCA2, which are most commonly associated with breast cancer in women-have been shown to indicate a higher chance of developing prostate cancer in men, as well as breast cancer.
These genetic mutations can be passed down for generations, but this is usually the case in less than 5 percent of prostate cancer diagnosis. Agent Orange : While this may be a specific demographic, the United States government lists Agent Orange-a chemical used in the Vietnam War-as a cause of the disease through exposure.
Symptoms Of Prostate Cancer Now that we know what prostate cancer is, how can we tell if we have it aside from being tested regularly? A lot of the symptoms of the disease have to do with discomfort while urinating while ejaculating.
07/03/ The men most affected by prostate cancer are older than Your chance of being diagnosed with prostate cancer increases with age, too. According to the Prostate Cancer Foundation, the following is a list of a man's chances of developing prostate cancer at different age ranges: Estimated Reading Time: 10 mins Image big cock cock daddies daddy grey hair hot older men moustache older men silver daddies silver daddy suit and tie thick thick cock. No Comments. Gallery bear beard bears daddy fireplug gay bears ginger goatee hairy hairy chest hot older men jockstrap muscle
How To Find Out If You Have Prostate Cancer Ah, the dreaded, stigmatized prostate exam: a necessity or at least suggested necessity for every man over But a DRE is not the be-all, end-all of prostate tests.
There are plenty of tests doctors run to confirm a diagnosis.
These tests include: Blood test PSA Test : One of the other primary tests to see if you have prostate cancer is called a prostate-specific antigen test, or a PSA test. For this, doctors take a blood sample from your arm and test it for a specific substance antigen that is produced by your prostate. Anything below 4.
While levels over 4. A PSA test is usually done in the same session as a DRE. Urinalysis : Your urine may be tested for certain infections.
If an infection or disease is found after the first test, doctors may take a couple more samples to confirm the infection is in the prostate and not the urethra or bladder. Ultrasound : If a doctor notices any abnormalities with a DRE and your PSA levels, they may conduct an ultrasound in order to get a better view of the condition of your prostate.
This form of testing-formally called a Transrectal ultrasonography-helps doctors get closer to the prostate than their finger can during a DRE and can take images that allows doctors to examine the change in your prostate over time. Sampling prostate tissue biopsy : A pretty direct way in testing if you have prostate cancer or not is directly testing prostate tissue.
Spread for older man
A small needle takes a sample of tissue from the prostate and then is tested to see if there are abnormal amounts of cancer cells. This is typically done in conjunction with an ultrasound, which may confirm growth or swelling. Various scanning procedures : Doctors sometimes use other non-invasive scanning procedures to help try and get a better picture of your prostate.
These tests include CT scans, MRIs, x-rays, and bone scans, according to the ACS. Your doctor may suggest you start getting a test sooner if you are particularly prone to prostate cancer based on your family history or demographics.
Despite these yearly tests, it was still found that prostate cancer often went undiagnosed or misdiagnosed in the past.
While it may not have been the specific cause of death, Harvard noted that cancer cells were found in prostates of one-third of men over 50, and 90 percent of men over The tumors found on the gland during autopsies were often found benign or harmless, but the patients were diagnosed with prostate cancer anyway due to their high PSA test levels. These misdiagnoses can help explain why the survival rates for prostate cancer are so high.
Here are some steps you can take that may help push back a diagnosis: Healthy Diet : Eating certain foods like vegetables, fruits, and fish which is high in omega-3 fatty acids, which are good fats is recommended because it takes away from eating fatty foods, like pork, fried food, and cheese, which play a role in weight gain. People with higher body mass indexes above 30 have been shown to have an increased risk of developing prostate cancer.
Exercise : Related to healthy food helping maintain weight, exercising can be beneficial in terms of maintaining a healthy BMI. An increase in exercise, paired with a healthier diet, can help you drop weight quickly and get to proper BMI levels.
Reduce stress : Stress has been shown to aid the progression of active cancer cells in your prostate.
How to Date an OLDER MAN (11 Secrets)
These preventative steps are also recommended for other types of cancers and diseases. If you have any questions or concerns regarding a prostate cancer diagnosis-or think you may have the disease-contact your doctor immediately.
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This Post Has 3 Comments
Shamuro 2 Oct 2012 Reply
Silence has come :)
Doull 2 Oct 2012 Reply
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Mikagami 2 Oct 2012 Reply
Bravo, what phrase..., a brilliant idea | <urn:uuid:be043927-1300-417e-bf1a-8e3cde5cd1ec> | CC-MAIN-2022-21 | http://peterfields.net/ass/spread-for-older-man.php | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-21/segments/1652662604495.84/warc/CC-MAIN-20220526065603-20220526095603-00231.warc.gz | en | 0.941737 | 1,848 | 2.921875 | 3 |
Another case for reducing the impact of cars can be found here and below.
In 2007, the world crossed an epochal threshold. For the first time in history, the majority of the human population lived in cities. And this urbanization is accelerating. By 2010, there will be 59 metropolitan areas with populations greater than five million – up 50% from 2001.
Many of those city dwellers will be driving cars, and the products they consume will be arriving in trucks. So if you think your day is plagued by gridlock now, what might the future hold?
Quite simply, our transportation infrastructure and management approaches can’t handle the world’s traffic. In the U.S. alone, 3.7 billion hours are lost every year to people sitting in traffic, and 2.3 billion gallons of fuel – enough to fill 58 supertankers – burn needlessly, at a cost to the economy of $78 billion per year.
This isn’t smart – but it can become so. The systemic nature of urban transportation is also the key to the solution. We need to stop focusing only on pieces of the problem: adding a new bridge, widening a road, putting up signs, establishing commuter lanes, encouraging carpooling or deploying traffic copters.
Instead, we need to look at relationships across the entire system and all the other systems that are touched by it: our supply chains, our environment, our companies…the way people and cities live and work. Traffic isn’t just a line of cars: it’s a web of connections. “Smart traffic” isn’t yet the norm, but it’s not some far-off vision of
tomorrow. In many places, IBM is helping to make it happen today.
In Stockholm, a dynamic toll system based on the flow of vehicles into and out of the city has reduced traffic by 20%, decreased wait time by 25% and cut emissions by 12%. In Singapore, controllers receive real-time data through sensors to model and predict traffic scenarios with 90% accuracy. And in Kyoto, city planners simulate large-scale traffic situations involving millions of vehicles to analyze urban impact.
All of this is possible because cities can infuse intelligence into their entire transportation system — streets, bridges, intersections, signs, signals and tolls — which can all be interconnected and made smarter. These new traffic systems can improve drivers’ commutes, give better information to city planners, increase the productivity of businesses and raise citizens’ quality of life. They can reduce
congestion, shrink fuel use and cut CO2 emissions.
Our rapidly urbanizing planet depends on getting people and things from here to there. In the 20th century, that meant freeways from state to state and nation to nation. In the 21st century, “smart” traffic systems can be the new milestone of progress.
Let’s build a smarter planet. Join us and see what others are thinking | <urn:uuid:d5c0f1b3-d9cb-483c-b4dd-e9e319e5f319> | CC-MAIN-2018-09 | http://fadingintomyth.blogspot.com/2009/08/roads-to-smarter-planet.html | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2018-09/segments/1518891812584.40/warc/CC-MAIN-20180219111908-20180219131908-00165.warc.gz | en | 0.933507 | 613 | 2.671875 | 3 |
Getting Ready For Your New Kindergarten Class
School is about to begin (again), and some of the parents of your incoming students may be first-time “school” parents. As you well know, the transition from preschool or home to kindergarten may be overwhelming and emotional for both children and parents. Below is a suggested guide to help you plan your first parent meeting soon after school starts. The suggested topics may ease the transition for new parents.
What essential information do you think needs to be communicated to the parents?
- How would they best communicate with you if they have questions about their child?
Provide a phone number and/or e-mail address. Include preferred times of the day that you can be reached.
- How and when will you communicate with parents? If you plan on sending announcements and notes home in the children’s backpacks, remind parents of the days to check and not rely on their children to tell them they have “something from the teacher.” If all announcements can be found online, make sure they have your web address. If you need to contact the parents directly, be sure you have all contact numbers.
- What procedure do you follow if a child becomes ill while at school? Make sure parents read the school’s manual and understand the procedure.
- When are parent–teacher conferences? Provide dates and times so that parents can put these on their schedules immediately.
- What types of questions do you ask another teacher, the principal, or a school counselor?
Parent involvement in a child’s life is a leading protective factor. Offer support and encouragement for parent involvement, large or small. There is a place for any parent regardless of their background, education, or time commitment. Promote parent involvement by:
- Having paper and pens available for signup sheets and a box for parent notes;
- Suggesting way that parents can become involved in the classroom and in the school;
- Encouraging parents to foster their child’s friendships in the classroom, and asking for suggestions on friends that their child may be compatible with; and
- Letting parents know how the students will be celebrating this transition in the classroom.
- Inform the parents about the classroom rules and expectations for behavior. Parents who know what will be expected in the classroom can coordinate their techniques with teachers, and so teachers and parents can achieve maximum effectiveness at school and at home and not work at cross-purposes.
- Let the parents know how their child will be disciplined and under what circumstances. It is always best to have parents aware of consequences for misbehavior so they may help their children understand what is expected.
- Describe the typical daily classroom activities. Parents will differ on what concerns them most, but make sure they know how much time the children will spend outdoors and engaged in physical activity and how much time they will have for unstructured or “free play.”
- Make sure parents have a list of school supplies, from crayons to tissues, of what their children will need to bring to school.
- What classroom needs might families provide? Emphasize that grandparent as well as parent volunteers are most welcome! Make sure they understand how much time and how often this help might be needed, but emphasize the value of the occasional “home” presence in the classroom, especially for young children. For example:
- Is anyone available to read with the children?
- Who can help chaperone class trips or provide technical assistance for class performances?
- Do any of the parents have a special skill or expertise appropriate to share in class, particularly during the holidays?
Unlike parents of students in the upper grades (PDF 1.75MB), parents of kindergarteners may be unsure of what their children are expected to gain by the end of the school term. Review with the parents the different lesson plans set for the year and expected achievements:
- Identify the school standards or learning objectives for the children. These should include academic skills in numeracy, literacy, social science, art, social, emotional and behavior skills, and physical development (strength, coordination).
- Review how skill development is measured. Mention techniques, but emphasize the need to measure a child’s growth based on improvement in skill levels from the time he or she entered your class.
Preparations at Home
Make sure parents feel empowered. Let them know the things they can do to help their children prepare for school. Some examples follow:
- Gather school supplies together. Every child likes to pick out special items for school. A trip to a “dollar store” can be magical when looking for new things to take to school; pay close attention to the child’s favorite colors and characters.
- Enforce a healthy bedtime routine. Most kindergartens do not have “nap times,” and the days can start early. Provide large clock face handouts for parents to use to help children see bedtimes and wake-up times. Remind parents that preparations for bedtime should start an hour before bedtime—turn off the TV, use softer lighting, have the child take a nice warm bath and brush his or her teeth, and, most important, read together.
- Pick out special books for the new school experience. Many wonderful picture books are available about going to kindergarten, having new school experiences, and making new friends. Local and school librarians can help choose appropriate books for families. Below is a suggested list of such books that you might want to share with parents.
Suggested Book List (PDF 130KB)
- The Berenstain Bears Go to School by Stan and Jan Berenstain. Brother Bear is excited about going back to school, but Sister Bear is afraid to start. But some planning and a good first day change her mind about kindergarten.
- Miss Bindergarten Gets Ready for Kindergarten by Joseph Slate. Kindergarten teacher Miss Bindergarten readies her class for the first day of school and makes it a delightful place to be for an anxious little girl.
- First Day Jitters by Julie Danneberg. It is scary starting at a new school where you don’t know anyone, until one person helps with the transition.
- Mom, It’s My First Day of Kindergarten! by Hyewon Yum. A boy entering kindergarten comforts his nervous mom and reassures her that he is ready for school.
- How to Be a Friend: A Guide to Making Friends and Keeping Them by Laurie Kransy Brown and Marc Brown. Dinosaurs explain the importance of friendship. Finding friends makes every new situation better.
Have a great school year!
U.S. Department of Health and Human Services, Administration for Children and Families
Transition Planning Resources provides useful resources and planning tools to support children and families as they move from preschool or home to kindergarten:
- Effective Transitions to Enhance School Readiness gives parents and educators practical information about transition experiences and their effects on children.
National Institutes of Health
“The Effect of School-Based Kindergarten Transition Policies and Practices on Child Academic Outcomes” (PDF 436KB) is a study that examines the importance of parent involvement to ensure positive school-based kindergarten transition practices.
Substance Abuse and Mental Health Services Administration
Building Blocks for a Healthy Future
Early Childhood Research and Practice
“Starting School: Effective Transitions” (PDF 99KB) identifies the significance of starting school for young children, their families, and educators.
Rhode Island Kids Count
“Getting Ready: Findings from the National School Readiness Indicators Initiative—A 17 State Partnership” (PDF 1.75MB) gives parents useful information on how young children’s earliest experiences and environments set the stage for future development and success in school.
University of North Carolina at Greensboro and National Head Start Association
Terrific Transitions: Supporting Children’s Transition to Kindergarten is a website that provides parents and educators with information and resources on how to help build continuity between children’s early care settings and an effective transition to kindergarten:
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from Adobe's Web site. | <urn:uuid:13dc7701-f981-4f48-aae2-aa93221a1cbc> | CC-MAIN-2014-35 | http://bblocks.samhsa.gov/educators/lesson_plans/gettingready.aspx | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2014-35/segments/1408500826259.53/warc/CC-MAIN-20140820021346-00187-ip-10-180-136-8.ec2.internal.warc.gz | en | 0.93677 | 1,737 | 2.953125 | 3 |
Poor Ophelia (in Hamlet) gives rosemary for remembrance, and pansies (pensees) for thoughts.
The 'pensees Philosophiquiest' drew upon him some temporary inconvenience which had no disagreeable consequences.
The allusion is to a passage in the philosopher's "pensees."
A set of reflections on religion by Blaise Pascal (pensées is French for “thoughts”). This work contains the famous statement “The heart has its reasons that reason does not know.” | <urn:uuid:2f17e050-fc96-4019-b32d-84dbf443c422> | CC-MAIN-2017-13 | http://www.dictionary.com/browse/pensees?qsrc=2446 | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2017-13/segments/1490218189589.37/warc/CC-MAIN-20170322212949-00213-ip-10-233-31-227.ec2.internal.warc.gz | en | 0.931326 | 115 | 2.53125 | 3 |
Arbor Resources Blog Updates
Cooling: New Met Office world data shows a big fall from heat spike caused by El Nino this year
The huge fall follows a report by this newspaper that temperatures had cooled after a record spike. Our story showed that these record high temperatures were triggered by naturally occurring but freak conditions caused by El Nino – and not, as had been previously suggested, by the cumulative effects of man-made global warming.
The Mail on Sunday’s report was picked up around the world and widely attacked by green propagandists as being ‘cherry-picked’ and based on ‘misinformation’. The report was, in fact, based on Nasa satellite measurements of temperatures in the lower atmosphere over land – which tend to show worldwide changes first, because the sea retains heat for longer.
It is true that the massive 2015-16 El Nino – probably the strongest ever seen – took place against a steady warming trend, most of which scientists believe has been caused by human CO2 emissionsHowever, now the drop in temperature is also showing up in the authoritative Met Office ‘Hadcrut4’ surface record, compiled from measurements from more than 3,000 weather stations located around the world on both sea and land.
To the end of October, the last month for which figures have been released, Hadcrut4 had fallen about 0.5C from its peak in the spring.
The reason is the end of El Nino. The natural phenomenon, which takes place every few years and has a huge impact on world weather, occurs when water in a vast area of the Pacific west of Central America gets up to 3C hotter than usual.
It has now been replaced by a weak La Nina, when the water becomes colder than usual. This means temperatures may still have some way to fall.
El Nino is not caused by greenhouse gases and has nothing to do with climate change. It is true that the massive 2015-16 El Nino – probably the strongest ever seen – took place against a steady warming trend, most of which scientists believe has been caused by human emissions.
But when El Nino was triggering new records earlier this year, some downplayed its effects. For example, the Met Office said it contributed ‘only a few hundredths of a degree’ to the record heat. The size of the current fall suggests that this minimised its impact. When February produced a new hot record for that month, at the very peak of El Nino, newspapers in several countries claimed that this amounted to a ‘global climate emergency’, and showed the world was ‘hurtling’ towards the point when global warming would become truly dangerous. Now, apparently, the immediate threat has passed. It would be just as misleading to say lower temperatures caused by La Nina meant the world was into a new long-term cooling.
The Mail on Sunday’s report was picked up around the world and widely attacked by green propagandists as being ‘cherry-picked’ and based on ‘misinformation’
But the big question is: what will happen when both El Nino and La Nina are over and the Pacific water returns to its ‘neutral’, average state? Professor Judith Curry, of Georgia Tech in Atlanta, who is president of the Climate Forecast Applications Network, said it would take years before it was clear whether the long-term warming trend was slowing down, staying the same or accelerating.
‘The bottom line is that we can’t read too much into the temperatures of a year or two,’ she said. ‘We will need the perspective of another five years to understand what is going on.’ | <urn:uuid:196909ab-6ada-47df-a58d-8d2c3463486c> | CC-MAIN-2018-51 | http://www.arborresources.co.nz/blog/its-official-record-drop-of-global-temperatures-confirmed | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2018-51/segments/1544376823872.13/warc/CC-MAIN-20181212112626-20181212134126-00397.warc.gz | en | 0.974378 | 767 | 3.59375 | 4 |
The Prevalence of ADHD Revisited
A study funded by the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) and published this week in the Journal of Attention Disorders sought to evaluate the diagnosis and treatment of attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD). Monitoring the prevalence of ADHD is an important public health activity as public awareness has increased and treatment options have expanded across the globe.
Evaluating the epidemiology of ADHD in the US have been complicated by reports of limited access to care and often conflicting evidence of over- and under-diagnosis, and clinical debates about the appropriateness of medication use. A recent parent survey by the CDC in 2010, revealed that 9.5% of those 4-17 years of age (approximately 5.4 million American children) had an ADHD diagnosis by 2007, representing a 22% increase in four years. Although parent surveys reveal important trends, they lack clinical validation and are predicated on access to health care.
The current study was a community-based study using multiple informants to develop and apply a DSM-IV-TR-based case definition of ADHD to screening and diagnostic interview data collected for children 5-13 years of age. Teachers screened 10,427 children in four school districts across two states (SC and OK). ADHD ratings by teachers and parent reports of diagnosis and medication treatment were used to stratify children into high and low risk for ADHD. Parents (n = 855) of high risk and gender frequency-matched low risk children completed structured diagnostic interviews.
Results revealed the prevalence of ADHD was 8.7% in SC and 10.6% in OK. The prevalence of ADHD medication use was 10.1% (SC) and 7.4% (OK). Of those medicated, 39.5% (SC) and 28.3% (OK) met the case definition. Comparison children taking medication had higher mean symptom counts than other comparison children.
The authors point out that estimates from this community-based study corroborate the high prevalence of ADHD found in recent parent reported surveys. Although typical gender ratios were found, there were no differences between Caucasian and African American children. “Many children meeting case criteria had not been previously identified and were not receiving medication treatment, suggesting that the condition remains underdiagnosed for some children. In addition, many diagnosed children were
not receiving treatment that adequately reduced their core symptoms and impairments.”
Researchers conclude by suggesting that “this information lends itself to the development of community or school-based programs that address the needs of this large, school-age population. In addition, clinicians should use rigorous assessment procedures such as those recommended by the practice parameters of the American Academy of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry and the AAP (AAP’s Subcommittee on Attention-Deficit /Hyperactivity Disorder Steering Committee on Quality Improvement and Management). These parameters call for thorough assessment, input from parents and teachers, and the use of standardized behavior rating scales to diagnose children with ADHD.” | <urn:uuid:c5a80ddc-8fb5-49bd-a14e-f175bc4119f4> | CC-MAIN-2021-25 | https://www.cmeoutfitters.com/the-prevalence-of-adhd-revisited/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2021-25/segments/1623488517820.68/warc/CC-MAIN-20210622124548-20210622154548-00005.warc.gz | en | 0.956734 | 608 | 2.703125 | 3 |
Sustainability means using resources without exceeding their regenerative capacity and leaving future generations a healthy and flourishing world. The reason why the climate and the ecological crisis have reached their current critical level is that the Western development model was built on the wrong assumption. Indeed, the capitalist economy makes sustainability an optional feature, rather than an essential aspect of the relationship between people and nature.
Sustainability, An Ancient Art
Human history offers many examples of civilizations living in harmony with their environment. Many populations developed societies based on sustainability, respecting the natural environment and its non-human inhabitants. Many “sustainable” civilizations thrived by implementing techniques and survival strategies that ensured environmental protection. These populations are well aware of the importance of the natural world for their own survival. This awareness, however, has been lost in the globalized society based on the Western model.
Among the most famous examples of sustainability, of living “at peace with nature”, are the few indigenous peoples who still survive today.
These small communities focus on the natural environment and its resources in their daily lives. From an early age, the members of these communities learn to know and love the nature around them, drawing sustenance from it without over-exploiting it.
Biocultural Diversity, a Treasure Worth Protecting
Indigenous communities are an interesting case, but a far cry from the everyday experience of us Europeans. Yet, even in Europe, there is a vast legacy of traditional knowledge associated with the natural world.
In fact, Italian traditional knowledge is often an unwitting example of sustainability. If your grandparents used to live in the countryside, you probably know what we are talking about: the peasant wisdom that knows the cycles of the earth, the moon, the names of plants and their healing properties…
Traditional cultures comprise a vast and intimate knowledge of the local environment. People who spend their whole lives in a territory, and who draw sustenance from it, practice sustainability every day. They have techniques and secrets, they are familiar with local biodiversity, they are aware of which plants and animals are dangerous and which are beneficial. And, above all, they know how to coexist with all of this, without exploiting it excessively.
Italian traditions: an ancient recipe for sustainability
In many inland areas of Italy, this valuable traditional knowledge has survived to this day, in the form of farming practices, traditional agriculture and livestock farming, vanishing crafts and popular beliefs about the natural world.
However, nowadays these cultures and traditions are disappearing, and this unique body of knowledge and practices may be lost.
What should we do, then? Let us explore the villages, the countryside, the abandoned areas that have long been considered undeveloped, but which may hold solutions for our future. Let us talk to the elderly, ask them to share their memories, their knowledge, their crafts. Let us go with them into the woods, let them teach us how to recognize plants, what are the clues that reveal the presence of an animal, how to cook that unusually shaped mushroom. And above all, let us document everything: this world runs the risk of disappearing, but we can help to revive it.
Our roots and culture are at stake, and so is our future. Sustainability is an ancient art, and preserving it is the art of the future. | <urn:uuid:47e1970c-f04e-45e3-968b-224b982c7f17> | CC-MAIN-2022-49 | https://thesustainablemag.com/lifestyle/discovering-sustainability-the-art-of-the-past-redesigning-the-future/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-49/segments/1669446711336.41/warc/CC-MAIN-20221208114402-20221208144402-00226.warc.gz | en | 0.958053 | 675 | 3.28125 | 3 |
If nature could swirl a blue paintbrush through the still waters of a wetland than this helicopter shot of Minnekhada Marsh might be the result. Our Photo of the Week is described by photographer Dru! as being ‘landscape art’–and that’s just what it appears to be. Dru took the photo on July 4 and states that the swirls and channels are caused by drainage ditches that have been dug in the marsh and are also affected by past land use, as the area was once a farm.
Minnekhada Farm is today a heritage site, but was both a working and a hobby farm from 1895 to 1975. The final owners placed a great deal of the property into the Agricultural Land Reserve. The land was shielded from development and was designated as a park in the 1980s. At that time, Ducks Unlimited and Metro Vancouver partnered to manage it and they continue to do so today.
The marsh is an important site in British Columbia’s Lower Mainland. Ducks Unlimited states that the marsh is one of the few remaining freshwater basins in the Fraser Valley. Migrating birds use the wetland and forest extensively, along with other wildlife such as ducks and beavers.
In the fall of 2011 the marsh had a ‘makeover’ and the weirs and dikes were repaired. The project helped to improve drainage of the area. Photos of the construction project can be viewed here.
Minnekhada Marsh contains 126 hectares and 10 km of easy level hiking. It is accessible by car and is approximately 1 hour away from Vancouver, in the Coquitlam region. The trails take approximately 2.5 hours, are dog friendly, and are open year-round.
We thank Dru for sharing this photo in our Flickr stream and showing us the beauty of what nature can do. Perhaps this is what the birds can see as they hang on the breeze in the summer sky–if so we’re grateful for the chance to see Minnekhada Marsh from this lofty view. To see more photos by Dru, click here. To view or contribute to our growing collection of BC wetlands photography, click here! | <urn:uuid:9420928b-47e8-4bbf-af0f-8d2a2271a54e> | CC-MAIN-2016-30 | https://bcwfbogblog.com/2012/07/27/minnekhadamarsh/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2016-30/segments/1469257824994.73/warc/CC-MAIN-20160723071024-00315-ip-10-185-27-174.ec2.internal.warc.gz | en | 0.973598 | 443 | 2.53125 | 3 |
Forget headache-inducing goggles and hissy sound, full sensory virtual reality - dubbed 'real virtuality' - is just around the corner.
With funding from the Engineering and Physical Sciences Research Council (EPSRC), scientists from the Universities of York and Warwick believe they have been able to pinpoint the necessary expertise to make possible a Virtual Reality (VR) device that is able to stimulate simultaneously all five senses with a high degree of realism.
Unveiled today in London (sadly just as a mock-up), the Virtual Cocoon will consist of a headset incorporating specially developed electronics and computing capabilities that can stimulate all five senses much more realistically than any other current or prospective device.
Not really real, in real-time
It could help realise the scientists' goal of 'real virtuality': a term coined by the project team to describe an experience in which all senses are stimulated in such a way that the user has a fully immersive perceptual experience, during which he or she cannot tell whether or not it is real.
Professor David Howard of the University of York, says: "Virtual Reality projects have typically only focused on one or two of the five senses – usually sight and hearing. We're not aware of any other research group anywhere else in the world doing what we plan to do"
"Smell will be generated electronically via a new technique being pioneered by a team at Warwick which will deliver a pre-determined smell recipe on-demand. Taste and smell are closely linked but we intend to provide a texture sensation relating to something being in the mouth. Tactile devices will provide touch."
A key objective will be to optimise the way all five senses interact, as in real life. The team also aim to make the Virtual Cocoon much lighter, more comfortable and less expensive than existing devices, as a result of the improved computing and electronics they develop.
A mock-up of the Virtual Cocoon was on display at 'Pioneers 09', an EPSRC showcase event held today at London's Olympia Conference Centre.
Article continues below | <urn:uuid:b5bb5334-284b-4639-b1db-a424da2e443d> | CC-MAIN-2016-18 | http://www.techradar.com/us/news/digital-home/vr-tech-lets-you-see-hear-smell-taste-touch-566595 | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2016-18/segments/1461861812410.28/warc/CC-MAIN-20160428164332-00108-ip-10-239-7-51.ec2.internal.warc.gz | en | 0.944617 | 419 | 3.03125 | 3 |
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A groundwater basin is an underground reserve of water which may take the form of a single aquifer or a group of linked aquifers. Because groundwater reserves are important, many governments allow government agencies to take over the management of groundwater basins, when they are identified, in the interests of keeping groundwater supplies clean and safe. It is usually possible to obtain a map of known groundwater basins in a particular region from a government agency concerned with geology, hydrology, or general safety of water supplies.
It can sometimes be difficult to determine where the boundaries of a groundwater basin lie. In some cases, there are clear geologic boundaries such as deposits of rock strata which make it clear where the deposit of water begins and ends, and can be used to find out whether or not aquifers are contiguous. In other instances, the distinction may be less subtle, making it challenging to identify which areas are actually within the groundwater basin.
Another issue which can complicate the classification of a groundwater basin is the existence of aquifers at various depths. In these cases, subbasins may be designated to indicate where differing supplies of groundwater can be found. This can be critical when making decisions about groundwater allocation, as one area of a groundwater basin may be able to support heavier usage than another due to the existence of deep aquifers which extend below the level of the aquifer in the rest of the basin.
One of the big concerns with a groundwater basin is the risk of groundwater contamination. Contaminants spilled in the basin can work their way into the aquifer, spreading to contaminate all of the water. In the best case, this adds some filtering to the steps needed to process the water. In the worst case, it renders the water unusable and means that people need to seek out alternative water supplies. It can also result in long-term damage as the pollutants work into surface waterways and other aquifers in the area.
Another concern is overutilization. While groundwater does recharge, it takes time, and if people take out water more quickly that the aquifer can recharge, a water shortage can develop. As water drops below critical levels, it may sink below the current depths of wells, making it inaccessible. Thus, hydrologists study groundwater basins to find out how much water is available, and to determine how much can be safely used.
@snickerish - I went through the same thing! The drought finally put to rest the age old question - Do I keep the water on while I brush my teeth or do I turn the water off? At the time of the drought I went through in NC, people were completely changing their water habits. I never realized how much water I wasted until we did not have enough of it. So far we have not had another scare in my city since then though.
As far as NC's groundwater basin amount, I'm not sure but I do remember from that time that I learned that 50% of the residents of North Carolina both municipal and well users get their water from groundwater basin.
A few years ago parts of the state I live in, North Carolina, were put in severe drought conditions warnings. People were doing all sorts of things to not waste water. For example, if you ran your water before you showered to let the water warm up then you would keep a bucket in the shower to catch the water and then put the water into the washer.
Anyway what I am curious about is if we do not have a lot of groundwater basins in North Carolina, so it was easier for us to get at that drought stage or if it was that severe of a drought?
One of our editors will review your suggestion and make changes if warranted. Note that depending on the number of suggestions we receive, this can take anywhere from a few hours to a few days. Thank you for helping to improve wiseGEEK! | <urn:uuid:735b05f5-08fe-44ca-8d76-6fbcc897e253> | CC-MAIN-2016-40 | http://www.wisegeek.com/what-is-a-groundwater-basin.htm | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2016-40/segments/1474738661768.10/warc/CC-MAIN-20160924173741-00097-ip-10-143-35-109.ec2.internal.warc.gz | en | 0.958686 | 803 | 4 | 4 |
Extent of available data.
This data layer identifies shallow lakes that have been prioritized for management projects. It was developed by the Minnesota Department of Natural Resources. These shallow lakes have a minimum surface area of 50 acres and a maximum depth of 15 feet. Lakes in this group offer a unique type of wildlife habitat. They are of particular interest to natural resource managers and have been prioritized for wildlife habitat restoration or enhancement projects. | <urn:uuid:24ea0583-f1a0-4b2b-8ffa-6f633924b4c6> | CC-MAIN-2020-05 | https://mnnaturalresourceatlas.org/resources/lakes-shallow-mgmt-priority/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2020-05/segments/1579251705142.94/warc/CC-MAIN-20200127174507-20200127204507-00175.warc.gz | en | 0.929147 | 86 | 2.734375 | 3 |
The study of consumers helps firms and organizations improve their marketing strategies by understanding issues such as ,The psychology of how consumers think, feel, reason, and select between different alternatives (e.g., brands, products);The psychology of how the consumer is influenced by his or her environment (e.g., culture, family, signs, media);The behavior of consumers while shopping or making other marketing decisions; Limitations in consumer knowledge or information processing abilities influence decisions and marketing outcome;How consumer motivation and decision strategies differ between products that differ in their level of importance or interest that they entail for the consumer; and How marketers can adapt and improve their marketing campaigns and marketing strategies to more effectively reach the consumer. Family is the most influential group for the consumer. The family members can strongly influence buyer behavior. It can be distinguished between two families in the buyer’s life. One is the buyer’s parents who make up the family of orientation. From parents a person acquires an orientation toward religion, politics, and economics and a sense of personal ambition, self-worth, and love. The other is the family of procreation-the buyer’s spouse and children-exert a more direct influence on everyday buying behavior. Marketers are interested in the roles and relative influence of the husband, wife, and children on the purchase of a large variety of products and services. There are three main elements directly effect the family consumption. They are family life cycle, the structure of the family and family decisions making process. The purpose of this report is to discuss the role of the family in consumer behavior.
Key words: Family Life cycle
5 $ (USD)
305.00 Rs (INR)
You need to be logged in to purchase this item! Register Now Paypal or Bank Payment | <urn:uuid:acc670f8-a081-4c1d-b79e-551394ad84c1> | CC-MAIN-2015-11 | http://seminarprojects.kreview.com/item.php?id=39 | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2015-11/segments/1424936466999.23/warc/CC-MAIN-20150226074106-00255-ip-10-28-5-156.ec2.internal.warc.gz | en | 0.944995 | 365 | 2.515625 | 3 |
Urban flooding occurs when water flows into an urban region faster than it can be absorbed into the soil or moved to and stored in a lake or reservoir. It can be caused by flash flooding, coastal flooding, river floods or rapid snow melt.
On Tuesday, the Madison area experienced urban flooding caused by an intense rainfall. On that day, a daily record rainfall of 1.46 inches fell at Dane County Regional Airport, breaking the city’s previous May 27 record of 1.27 inches. The city sewage system and draining canals did not have the necessary capacity to drain away the large amounts of rain that fell in a short period of time.
Flash floods occur suddenly, and the water can flow quickly. Urban flooding is most often an inconvenience, particularly when it occurs during commuting time as Tuesday’s did, but it can also be dangerous.
Never drive your car across a flooded road. The economic cost of urban flooding can also be high, as water damage to homes and buildings can be very expensive to repair.
Urbanization of the United States and other countries is increasing. Common consequences of urban development include the removal of vegetation and an increase in impervious surfaces and drainage networks, all of which increase precipitation runoff into streams and rivers. This may result in more flooding.
Urban planning explores design strategies that include storm water conveyance systems and other methods to prevent flooding. This long-term planning must include forecasts of expected weather. Current research indicates a trend to more intense precipitation, which could result in more urban flooding if it’s not properly planned for. | <urn:uuid:db7e4b8e-1ee5-48f3-974b-1cdb92a0ba42> | CC-MAIN-2021-31 | https://wxguys.ssec.wisc.edu/2014/06/04/what-causes-urban-flooding/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2021-31/segments/1627046153709.26/warc/CC-MAIN-20210728092200-20210728122200-00128.warc.gz | en | 0.949616 | 319 | 3.65625 | 4 |
Definition of pyrethroid in English:
A pyrethrin or related insecticidal compound.
- Many of these are again pesticides such as compounds of organophosphorous, pyrethroids or carbamate.
- The three types of pesticide used in preparations are organophosphates, carbamate and pyrethroids.
- In general, compounds known as pyrethroids and neonicotinoids were the best performers, according to the researchers.
Definition of pyrethroid in:
- British & World English dictionary
What do you find interesting about this word or phrase?
Comments that don't adhere to our Community Guidelines may be moderated or removed. | <urn:uuid:25e10a17-4216-41c5-b6b3-88d777dac897> | CC-MAIN-2015-48 | http://www.oxforddictionaries.com/definition/american_english/pyrethroid | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2015-48/segments/1448398468233.50/warc/CC-MAIN-20151124205428-00274-ip-10-71-132-137.ec2.internal.warc.gz | en | 0.897828 | 139 | 3.3125 | 3 |
He According to Rodger fowler the compression of words in the English language ensures that complex ideas become simpler. In addition this process helps in eliminating vagueness and in bringing out the intended message to the audience. Furthermore in fowler Orwell argues that English as a language is decaying he attributes this to the unconscious actions from modern writers who use “dead metaphors, foreign diction and ready made phrases” among others which render language meaningless. I would like to say that Orwell’s concern is valid in the sense that modern language is decaying and I attribute this to the declining ability among up coming to think independently (Fowler) (Logan).
However I would also like to mention that in the definition of culture, we admit that language is part of culture. In addition I can confirm by citing hundreds of writers that culture is dynamic. Culture changes according to time for an instance increasing technological developments bring about several changes and now and then, and people of different ages can access all kinds of materials from the internet. Therefore we expect culture to follow the same trends and this leads to my observation that language can also change for worse. However as writers we should be on our guards to prevent a negative change. We should also remember that we are free and the same case applies to our freedom of thought this should be our weapon and it should evoke creativity and originality in our writing.
According to Orwell modern writing face challenges that range from the misuse of words to misrepresentation of ideas. In connection to this it is evident that modern writer no longer embrace originality in their writing and this leads to the frequent use of ‘already made phrases’ hence “stale imagery” this kind of writing “lacks precision” because the writer does not have any control over his choice of words. In connection to the declaration of independence I observe that there are instances of faulty language for instance absolute despotism if the writer could take his time it is possible to come up with and present his ideas in simpler terms without using the same words which we see in papers particularly in our studies of the history of America. I am not trying to say that there are grammatical errors in this section of the declaration but words like absolute despotism a very common (Jefferson 146) (Fowler) (Logan).
According to Orwell, political writing does attract many writers due endless issues that are interesting to write about they also attract response through writing. However many writers in this field do not employ creativity; they choose their words from statements that are too common to attract readers. The example in the previous paragraph is a good representation where the writer does not travel an extra miles, he does not tax his mind to evoke more vivid and creative words to deliver his message. They are an indication of someone toying around with ready made words some of which are losing meaning in modern governments however he does succeed in realizing his objectives (Fowler) (Kirszner).
Orwell argues that many writers have the writing skills however they are slaves of their minds and they cannot think freely. He states that an original writer should present other persons’ ideas from a totally different point of view and manage to present the same issues without altering the actual message. The writer should also present the ideas in a language that is simple to the audience and also manage to capture and maintain the interest of the reader this is possible if he can allow his mind to play around with words, phrases and ideas of other people. In the declaration I find the writer presenting his ideas alongside his feelings. And with this he manages to communicate however his repetition become monotonous and there are many instances where the writer uses passive voice for instance “To be tried for pretended offenses” (Logan 86)these and many other occasions in the declaration according to Orwell is another faulty language which we as writers should campaign against.
Furthermore Orwell point out that the use of stale phrases does is not a crime and I would support his argument. However he is quick to state that even though stale metaphors assist the writer to express his ideas without interfering with his message, some of these words inhibit our ability to think independently and be creative because they tend to provide readily available alternatives to language problems which the mind can provide if only we can provoke it. In addition the solution emanating along this line of thought water down English as a language and this is so because the writer doesn’t strain he/she only picks on readily available phrases and pastes them into his essay and that is the end. According to Orwell some of these metaphors no longer have any strong impact on the modern readers who actually need something new, something with a sense of touchy and something that will evoke interest in them. Nowadays people would like to access reading materials that are pleasant to the mind however most of them may not realize any writing faultiness because they also think along the same line (Fischer 27).
According to Orwell another major language problems includes “mixing of incompatible metaphors”. He argues that this problem will in turn lead to communication failure because the writer suffering form this condition is not able to pass his message across. In addition Orwell argues that operators bring life to sentence construction by limiting the use of common verbs. In addition he argues that the use of “passive voice” becomes popular each day. He advocates for a change in this which calls for the more use of active voice. There is more than enough evidence in the declaration where the use of operators is quite perfect however there are other incidences where their use does no justice to this speech. In addition the use does not permit the writer to put across his message effectively without loosing the original meaning. For an instance
He is at this time transporting large armies of foreign mercenaries to complete the work of death, desolation, and tyranny, already begun with circumstances of cruelty and perfidy scarcely paralleled in the most barbarous ages, and totally unworthy the head of a civilized nation (Jefferson 146-147)
The quote above is a combination of metaphorical and idiomatic expressions. It also depicts improper use of syllables and mixing of nouns and phrasal verbs. The word connection from the writers point of view would seek to displays his skills and complexity in his presentation of ideas. However it is very difficult to establish the actual and the objective of this writings. In addition the writer incorporates his feelings in the speech which is Ok the problem lies with the use of words thus affecting the delivery of the message. This according Orwell is faulty language and leads to vague presentation of ideas (Fowler).
Today many writers tend to use ‘big words’ in place of simple phrases and statement. They also use adjectives to give a sense of weight to political situations that do not deserve this kind of treatment. Orwell argues that another group of writers will use “foreign words” in writing to bring out a sense of culture into their work. This has impacts a lot in the writing in of quality and effective communication. In the declaration we find that the quality of the message that Thomas Jefferson is communicating is affected by the using words that are criticizing making some of his statement lack in meaning. In addition Thomas in his bid to elaborate or at some instance exaggerate the current state of his complaint, he is guilty of using words and phrases that have a substantial degree of pretentious dictions such as ‘sufferable, impel, compete among others. In quote above there are instances where the use of strong words in a political context is present along side other language crimes. It therefore contributes to lack of clear objectives in his message (Wills).
Therefore, Orwell state that this kind of writing and of which I also would like to admit that I am used to, doesn’t rhyme with English rules. He is quick to conclude that the phrases depict poor writing skills and lack of originality. They bring ambiguity to the writer’s message thus communication failure. Thomas’s speech does exhibit many of these faults according to the guidelines by Orwell. In addition Thomas Jefferson constantly uses too many words in a number of instances whereas he could use simple phrases which would in turn enhance his communication without affecting his message negatively. For instance Thomas states that “he has plundered our seas, ravaged our coasts, burnt our towns and destroyed the lives of our people”. In this statement the use of a single term exploiting our land, is more appropriate than the many words which makes the message hard to follow and more boring to the listener (Fowler).
According to Orwell’s assessment on modern writing, he points out that it is a collection of phrases forming passages that in most cases have no specific meaning. One wonders what the writer intends to put across with such writings. Even though this kind writing is popular in art it does not work properly because the main objective of a writer is to pass his massage in the language he knows best and that is writing.
In his writing Orwell argues that political language is leading in language faulting. He points out that it uses words that do not have a specific meaning, words that suite the user in his context. However the language creativity can allow the writer to present his ideas freely and achieve his objectives For instance Orwell states that “Defenseless villages are bombarded from the air…….million of peasants is robbed of their farm…….this is called transfer of population….” The use of such words may seam attractive however it does not reflect the actual meaning because it tries to decorate and justify ugly scenes and this is what we call political language.
The use of simple words could do it better but we cannot separate politics and language however we can salvage language from these situation by observing the rules. This may also be enhanced by asking ourselves some very important questions when choosing the words to use during our communication. He argues that if the speaker would ask himself or herself some very questions such as what intendeds to say, what words are the most appropriate to express it what he intends to say, what idiom, metaphor or similes would make it more clear and whether the imagery the speaker is going to use will be fresh enough to create the desired. This would definitely affect the quality of the message we communicate. In addition, Thomas Jefferson argues that the use of stale metaphors and readily available phrases is gaining popularity each day Orwell say that it likened it to “a packet of aspirins always at one’s elbow”. Thomas advices that the best way to better writing or speaking skills is to let go off our complexity and ambiguous phrases and open up for simple phrases to easily run in our mind. For instance he says,
‘You can shirk it by simply throwing your mind open and letting the ready-made phrases come crowding in. They will construct your sentences for you — even think your thoughts for you, to a certain extent — and at need they will perform the important service of partially concealing you’re meaning even from yourself’ Orwell in (Logan 86-89).
In the above quote Thomas Jefferson advices that the key to effective communication is to let the ideas flow out without ambiguity. In addition he emphasizes on the need to use fresh ideas and avoiding stale metaphors that have no more meaning but ends up affecting our communication.
Orwell argues that writers may have new ideas that they would like to present however they are slave to faulty language and they will use the same words over and over again. This writing technique doesn’t permit the writer to pass across his ideas because he relies on the same old and stale phrases. There is a lot of Latin and Greek language in modern writing the aim of this writing is to stop the use of stale words by creating new ones, by allowing the mind and meaning to guide you in selecting of the best words to use in any given writing. According to Orwell this is not about grammar, it is about simple language, it is about correct choice of words, it about freedom of thought which does not inhibit communication by simply covering the actual message; it is about originality in writing (Fowler) (Fischer) Orwell in (Logan).
According to Orwell, Thomas is in several instances guilty of rather use many negative words and phrases which makes him sound overcame by emotions hence making his message lack in its quality. For instance in his conclusion he says ‘deaf to the voice of justice and of consanguinity. We must, therefore, acquiesce in the necessity, which denounces our Separation, and hold them, as we hold the rest of mankind, Enemies in War, in Peace Friends’ This is what Orwell refer to use of language in improper way. In addition, in his effort to try and cover up some of his sincere but rather harsh details in his speech, he is resulting to using too long phrases or words that makes some of his statements vague and have a little bit of euphemism. For instance uses statements such as ‘executioners of their friends and brethren’. He is also using statements that sounds such as ‘fall themselves by their hands’ and ‘nature’s God. This is also wrong according to Orwell (Logan 86-90).
The use of words that are lacking in grammatical meaning is another is another problem that Orwell is citing as a weakness and it is affecting the quality of the message being communicated. Some speakers and writers are not continuously using words that do not have proper grammar they also do not have appropriate application operators in a sentence, some of them may be accidental or intentional as we can witness in Thomas Jefferson’s speech. He has uses the word shown in place of shown, which we are not sure whether it is accidental or intentional. Thus affecting the quality of he is communicating (Fowler) (Fischer) (Logan).
Orwell argues that the speaker’s habit of padding his sentences with many syllables thus he at some points is not able to select the right nouns or verbs especially in those areas that he is a little emotional. For instance Thomas uses a phrase ‘naturalization of foreigners’ and another one like patient sufferance of these colonies. These examples according to Orwell, Thomas is guilty of replacing conjunctions with very many nouns making his statements have a hanging ending. We definitely may say without contradicting ourselves that Thomas has several strong points in his speech because he is avoiding as much as possible using metaphors that are dying in terms of meaning and value in their implication and on the other hand he has constantly used practically modern metaphors and idiomatic phrases such as ‘deaf to the voice of justice’ and ‘high seas to bear arms’ among others, of which in return, they makes his statements have weight and impart the desired message without compromising the proper use of language.
In conclusion, we may say that, the use of dying metaphors always affect the quality of the message, and on the contrary, the use of a new idiom or metaphor makes a phrase have a fresh connotation hence enhancing communication. In addition, use of proper phrasal verbs and connectors enhances message quality and also facilitates communication. This goes along with the use of meaningful words and phrases which helps to avoid pretentious diction and hence bringing clarity in his message. Thomas Jefferson in his speech depicts instances which he is a victim of language faulty. However there are areas in his speech where communication is excellent. Thus my reaction to Orwell argument is that I fully support his point of view, I also admit that modern writer would do with some guidance on how to safeguard the English language (Logan). | <urn:uuid:140353a4-791b-4aa1-968e-1fab1c53c983> | CC-MAIN-2017-26 | https://great-essays.com/essays/faulty-language-in-modern/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2017-26/segments/1498128320174.58/warc/CC-MAIN-20170623202724-20170623222724-00586.warc.gz | en | 0.971301 | 3,180 | 2.921875 | 3 |
What is the current situation?
The 2016 Summer Olympics will take place in Rio de Janeiro, Brazil, from 5 to 21 August, 2016, followed by the Paralympic Games which are scheduled from 7 to 18 September, 2016. If you plan to travel to Brazil for the Olympics or Paralympics you should follow the recommendations below to help you stay safe and healthy.
Brazil is currently experiencing an outbreak of Zika virus, along with many other countries in South America and around the world. As Zika virus infection in pregnant women can cause serious birth defects in the baby, there is special advice for pregnant women travelling to Brazil. See “Zika Virus in Pregnancy” on this page for more information.
There are a number of other health risks that travellers should also be aware of when visiting Brazil and other countries in South America.
Zika virus in pregnancy
Because Zika virus infection in a pregnant woman can cause serious birth defects in the baby, special precautions are recommended for the following groups:
Women who are pregnant
- Strongly consider not going to the Olympics.
- If you must go, talk to your doctor first; strictly follow steps to prevent mosquito bites (see the detailed advice on the Mosquitoes are a Health Hazard page) and use condoms or do not have sex during your trip.
- If you have a male partner who goes to the Olympics, either use condoms or do not have sex (vaginal, anal, or oral) during your pregnancy.
Women who are trying to become pregnant
- Before you or your male partner travel, talk to your doctor about your plans to become pregnant and the risk of Zika virus infection.
- See the Zika virus fact sheet for advice on how long you should wait to try to get pregnant after travel to areas with Zika.
- You and your male partner should strictly follow steps to prevent mosquito bites (see the detailed advice on the Mosquitoes are a Health Hazard page).
Men who go to the Olympics and have a pregnant partner
- You should use condoms or not have sex (vaginal, anal, or oral) during the pregnancy.
What should travellers do to protect themselves?
Before you travel
- See your General Practitioner or travel doctor 4-6 weeks before your trip for general health and vaccination advice, including boosters for routine vaccinations (including those you should have had in childhood such as measles), and special vaccinations you might need for your destination.
- Brazil is listed as a yellow fever risk country as the virus is found in some rural parts of the country (but not in Rio de Janeiro). A vaccination against yellow fever is recommended for travellers to risk countries, although it is not usually recommended for children less than 9 months of age or pregnant women (see The Australian Immunisation Handbook for more information on yellow fever vaccination recommendations).
- Malaria is also prevalent in some parts of Brazil and your doctor may recommend antimalarial medications in addition to precautions to prevent mosquito bites. Antimalarial medications usually need to be started before you depart and be continued for a period of time after you return.
During your travel
- Prevent mosquito bites and use insect repellent. Read the detailed advice on the Mosquitoes are a Health Hazard page.
- Follow food and water safety recommendations. Eating contaminated food and drinking contaminated water can cause illnesses such as hepatitis A, typhoid fever, and travellers’ diarrhoea. Read about how to prevent these diseases on the Staying healthy when travelling overseas page.
- Don't touch the animals. Rabies is a risk in South America and can be carried by many mammals, including cats, dogs, bats and monkeys. Animals also carry many other infections.
- Practice safer sex by using condoms to reduce the risk of catching sexually transmitted infections such as HIV, hepatitis B, gonorrhoea and shigellosis. These infections maybe more common in some overseas countries than in Australia.
- Follow the other travel tips on the Staying healthy when travelling overseas page.
After your trip
- If you are pregnant, talk to your doctor about your recent travel.
- To protect sexual partners from Zika, men who have been to the Olympics should consider using condoms or not having sex for 8 weeks even if they do not get symptoms of Zika.
- Men who have Zika symptoms or are diagnosed with Zika should use condoms for 6 months. If the man’s partner is pregnant, the couple should either use condoms or not have sex during the pregnancy.
- Women who have travelled to an area with Zika should wait at least 8 weeks after travel before trying to get pregnant even if they do not get symptoms of Zika. Women who have Zika symptoms should wait at least 8 weeks after symptoms start; men with Zika symptoms should wait at least 6 months after symptoms start before attempting conception. For more information, see the Zika Virus fact sheet page.
- If you are feeling unwell after your trip, you may need to see a doctor. Be sure to tell your doctor about your travel, including where you went and what you did on your trip. Also tell your doctor if you were bitten or scratched by an animal while travelling.
- If your doctor prescribed antimalarial medicine for your trip, keep taking the medication after you return home as directed. If you stop taking your medicine too soon you could still get sick. | <urn:uuid:5545345d-c267-4547-82d0-3af9742375eb> | CC-MAIN-2020-24 | https://www0.health.nsw.gov.au/Infectious/alerts/Pages/Travel-advice-Summer-Olympics-Rio-2016.aspx | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2020-24/segments/1590347396495.25/warc/CC-MAIN-20200528030851-20200528060851-00274.warc.gz | en | 0.939308 | 1,093 | 2.875 | 3 |
PUBLISHED ON March 8th, 2011
There’s a common myth among Pacific Northwest residents about spider bites, and it’s this: Many venomous spider bites come from the nasty, dangerous brown recluse.
Recent studies, however, have proven that brown recluse spiders are extremely rare in Oregon and Washington and aren’t to be blamed for the majority of bites. The real culprit? The hobo spider.
According to research done by many different organizations, including Washington State University and a number of pest management professionals, almost all bites attributed to brown recluses actually came from hobo spiders.
The main reason most bites are misdiagnosed is because most diagnostic references physicians use to identify spider bites offer only two options: black widow and brown recluse. Since most all spider bite symptoms are similar – localized tissue deterioration, ulceration, complications in the nervous system – it’s difficult to determine just what kind of spider caused the bite. Only recently have hobo spiders – which are common in the Pacific Northwest and are also quite venomous – been included in diagnostic references.
The only surefire way to determine whether you have a hobo spider is to examine the pest through a microscope. Concerned homeowners who suspect a hobo spider infestation can bring a spider sample to Eden Pest, whose entomologists will ID it at no cost.
If you believe you have been bitten by one, keep the area elevated and apply ice or cold packs to reduce inflammation. If the reaction worsens, seek medical attention. Once your bite has been treated, contact a pest management professional immediately. A Portland pest control company can accurately determine what type of spiders you have and how to get rid of them. | <urn:uuid:bf18e131-cf6b-4816-81fb-42e79ea546c0> | CC-MAIN-2016-44 | http://edenpest.com/spider-bites-hobo-or-brown-recluse/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2016-44/segments/1476988719908.93/warc/CC-MAIN-20161020183839-00018-ip-10-171-6-4.ec2.internal.warc.gz | en | 0.938144 | 355 | 2.96875 | 3 |
Background & History
It has been known since antiquity that many human afflictions occur more frequently in certain families but their basis remained a mystery. In the early part of the 20th century some rare disorders were found to follow predictable hereditary patterns suggesting that their cause was due to the transmission of factors from parents to offspring. These factors, which we now call genes, had been found previously in plants and other animals. At about the same time, new knowledge regarding human biochemistry and metabolism provided important insights into mechanisms by which errors (or mutations) in genes produced disease.
At the beginning of the 21st century, the discipline known as medical genetics reached an important milestone with the deciphering of the human genome. For the first time, it became possible to identify the specific genes responsible for disease. Further, we learned how to isolate these genes and to study how mutations disrupt normal bodily processes and cause disease. These breakthroughs have resulted in huge advances in our general understanding of how the human body functions.
Windows of Hope is based on the science of genomics, that is, how normal and abnormal genes function. The identification of a gene that causes disease is of immediate benefit to patients and families who are at risk. But it also enables the development of gene testing protocols which can provide fundamental insights into disease processes. This broader task requires digging deeper into biochemical reactions within cells to help us understand why our bodies react as they do. Medical science primarily advances from detection of a disease, through a determination of its cause, and ultimately to prevention and treatment. It is not yet possible in most genetic diseases to directly correct mutations. At the present time it is still most important to focus on an understanding of gene action in an effort to develop an effective treatment aimed at some correction of the mutated gene's damage.
Extensive field work was necessary in the early phase of the WOH investigations in order to gather information on patients and families. As the project matured, more extensive laboratory investigations were undertaken, requiring worldwide collaborative efforts where more specialized techniques and expertise were available. Due to the complex nature of many of the cellular reactions being studied, these are lengthy investigations and results are slow to accumulate. It is expected that field work and laboratory studies will continue for many years.
The project, Windows of Hope, was founded in 2000 with the specific aim of finding certain specific mutant genes known to cause several forms of spastic paraplegia discovered in Holmes County, Ohio in the 1960s. By 2003, two new mutations were identified which immediately led to advanced (and ongoing) studies into the cellular mechanisms of nerve cells whose dysfunction leads to a wide range of progressive neurological disorders. In the meantime, word of yet other neurological disorders in Geauga County, Ohio, led to expansion of WOH in 2001 into that community leading to the identification of more mutations. Because many families in Holmes and Geauga have connections to those living in Northern Indiana, WOH began studies in Indiana in 2005 and has since also identified the genetic basis of new diseases in this community.
Windows of Hope (WOH) is a population-based medical project dedicated to the detection, characterization, and treatment of inherited health problems. It is focused on the application of new knowledge and advances in the fields of genomics and medicine that are making it possible to prevent and treat certain genetic disorders through a better understanding of human physiology and how genes work. | <urn:uuid:4d1bcdf1-28f2-4db3-9ddf-172abf3ab8e7> | CC-MAIN-2015-18 | http://www.wohproject.org/history | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2015-18/segments/1429246634257.45/warc/CC-MAIN-20150417045714-00123-ip-10-235-10-82.ec2.internal.warc.gz | en | 0.96746 | 681 | 3.53125 | 4 |
Creative Commons License
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.
One of history’s most diverse thinkers metaphorically depicted humanity’s dangerous reliance on nonrenewable energy resources as an unborn chick in an egg. American philosopher, poet, scientist, and mathematician, Buckminster Fuller, described the nutrients in an egg as the temporary and extinguishable support required for the development of an unhatched chick. Once the nutrients are depleted, the chick must break from its shell and cultivate its own mechanism for survival. Symbolically, he explained that the human population must view the use of earth’s finite resources as the nutriment in an egg that can be provisionally relied upon in order to provide the necessary time and energy required for mankind to establish alternative energy sources for a sustainable future. I use Bucky’s metaphor to describe my own teaching philosophy; the role of the educator as that of a facilitator, or provider of the "egg". Using this mindset and a variety of learning modalities in my classroom, I am hopeful that at the end of the educational process, my students emerge from their "shells" with the necessary skills to be renewable sources of learning unto themselves.
"Ex Ovo Omnia,"
Journal of Science Education for Students with Disabilities: Vol. 16
, Article 8.
Available at: http://scholarworks.rit.edu/jsesd/vol16/iss1/8 | <urn:uuid:cd657032-b6f3-435d-86c9-b868e26cffca> | CC-MAIN-2018-09 | http://scholarworks.rit.edu/jsesd/vol16/iss1/8/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2018-09/segments/1518891812913.37/warc/CC-MAIN-20180220070423-20180220090423-00186.warc.gz | en | 0.888732 | 303 | 2.71875 | 3 |
Can mental decline be delayed or reversed?
Psychologists Henry Emmons and David Alter tackled that life-changing question in their recently released book, “Staying Sharp: 9 Keys for a Youthful Brain through Modern Science and Ageless Wisdom.”
Can you keep your brain in shape?
When I asked the doctors if actively following these 9 keys will delay or prevent cognitive decline, they replied in an email, “The answer may be both.”
“We have to distinguish between delaying or even preventing physical or structural changes in brain tissue from postponing the cognitive or behavioral signs of cognitive decline (e.g., memory loss or diminished planning and organizational abilities). There is no question the 9 keys can delay the expression of cognitive decline, especially when the 9 keys are practiced beginning earlier in life.
“Many studies show that early signs of physical brain changes that eventually show up as dementia may begin 15 or 20 or more years earlier. So, the sooner these 9 keys are put into practice, the greater the opportunity to build brain resilience (more diverse and denser nerve connections in the brain) that appear to be neuro-protective for long-term brain health,” they said.
The 9 keys build greater neural reserve, better enabling us to ward off showing the effects of cognitive decline even when structural changes in our brains may be developing. “As to actually preventing these physical changes in the brain from ever arising, the positive evidence is still accumulating, but firm conclusions are premature,” the psychologists said.
What is a youthful brain?
So, what are the 9 keys in developing a youthful brain?
A youthful brain loves movement, is well-rested, well-nourished, cultivates curiosity, flexible, optimistic, empathetic, well-connected and authentic. In a press release for the book, the doctors offer these strategies in developing a youthful brain:
- Get active. Staying in motion tones down the body’s stress response and creates “brain fertilizer” in the form of chemicals, like the protective protein called brain-derived neurotrophic factor. Exercising and moving the body mindfully through yoga, gardening, dancing and even cooking will improve brain health, energy and emotional resilience.
- Sleep well. Keep the bedroom dark, quiet, cool and comfortable, and get electronic devices out of there! Get up at (or near) the same time every day, seek out bright light, take care with caffeine and alcohol, and stop any work at least 1 to 2 hours before bedtime. Sleeping deeply before learning something new helps move that fresh information efficiently from short- to long-term storage, while sleeping after learning helps cement the new memories.
- Eat right. Commit to a varied diet with lots of whole foods, fruits and vegetables, healthy fats, fiber, probiotics and minimal sugar. Eat more mindfully by slowing down, savoring each bite and stopping when you’re satisfied, not stuffed. This will help protect against harmful compounds linked to Alzheimer’s disease called advanced glycemic end products (AGEs) and oxidative stress, a natural yet harmful byproduct of brain cell energy production.
- Cultivate curiosity. Pursue unexpected or spontaneous activities that take you out of your comfort zone, like attending a free show, art fair, movie theater premiere, restaurant opening or another event new on the scene. The ultimate goal doesn’t need to be finding an activity that you’ll fall in love with, but simply stimulating your senses by experiencing something new.
- Pay it forward. Share wisdom as a parent, grandparent, colleague, tutor or coach. The later stage of life is a time when creativity, moral thinking, problem solving, the softening of biases and prejudices, and self acceptance. Older adults play vital roles in shaping children’s world views and increase empathy skills in both “student” and “teacher.”
Small changes may pay big dividends
What is the essential message of the psychologists’ book?
The doctors say, “Aging by itself is neither good nor bad. It just is. But, how we engage our aging is largely a matter of the many small changes we make each and every day that largely determine the path our life will follow. ‘Staying Sharp’ offers a clear and accessible set of skills that when practiced regularly have been shown to forge a path to a youthful brain, vibrant mind and an awakened heart.”
Are you working toward having a more youthful brain?
Follow me on Twitter: @drdonsays | <urn:uuid:6f91f5b9-a5cb-4325-af8b-3c11b95d1c3d> | CC-MAIN-2018-47 | https://www.bankrate.com/financing/senior-living/a-guide-to-keeping-your-brain-in-shape/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2018-47/segments/1542039741340.11/warc/CC-MAIN-20181113173927-20181113195333-00000.warc.gz | en | 0.917478 | 948 | 2.984375 | 3 |
Escola Secundária José Gomes Ferreira
Escola Secundária José Gomes Ferreira
Introduction........................................slide 3 to 5
History-Work in Portugal..................slide 6 to 7
The April Revolution..........................slide 8
The evolution of the gender roles in the world of
work and difference in wages............slide 9 to14
Nowadays...........................................slide 15 to 18
Interview to Portuguese society........slide 19
To conclude, with this interview.......slide 20 to 24
Keyword of the work..........................slide 25
For a lot of people, work or job are words that scare them
and sometimes are defined getting up early in the
morning, working hard and not getting compensated as
well as they should at the end of the month but it
doesn’t come down to just that.
Although many people work just to
bring money home at the end of the month, a
lot of others work because they like it or to
prove that they can and that they are no
different from everybody else. These people
are mainly women and that's going to be the
focal point of our presentation.
Is there really a big gap between women and men
being able to find a job and how much they
earn occupying the same position in a company ?
That's what we went to find out and we came up with
some curious points of view and realities.
We hope you enjoy our presentation and that you learn
as much about this subject as we did.
HISTORY- WORK IN PORTUGAL
In Portugal the totalitarian regime (1933- 1974) supported
the idea of women being treated as inferior to men. A law
was passed declaring that while there were unemployed
men, women wouldn’t be hired in any circumstances even
when considered cheap labour.
In 1950, 22.7% of the
industries, there was a
Women were not allowed to work in local
administration, follow a diplomatic career
or be a magistrate until 1962.
THE APRIL REVOLUTION
The April Revolution in 1974, began a new period where the
Portuguese people’s living conditions, mainly the Portuguese
women’s, changed a lot. Many women became aware of the
oppression and discrimination they had faced. Soon they
started intervening in the fight for equality in work,
demanding changes, equalitarian claims and coming out on
The New Constitution established gender equality in all fields.
From 1993 onwards, women were able to voluntarily apply in
equal conditions of men to join the Army, the Air Force and
Since the turning of the 20th century
that social and political conventions
had been dictating the man as the
breadwinner and conveyed him as the
cornerstone at each household where
there was often an extended family to
The woman didn’t need and shouldn’t go out of her house to
earn money. Those who were widows or from the lowest
social class and needed to earn money to support their
families usually made flower arrangements, gave piano
lessons, among other domestic work.
But besides being depreciated and
mostly ignored by other social
backgrounds those were
activities often seen as
despicable by the society in
Even though, some women were brave enough to overpass the
social prejudice and barriers of being just wife, mother or
housewife and since the 70’s, after the April Revolution in
Portugal, women have been conquering a bigger merit in the
world of work.
Western societies have betted on the women’s value, such
as the capacity of working in a team against the
previous individuality, on the value of persuasion
opposing authoritarianism and on cooperation against
As women started widening the ranges of workforce:
• sexual harassment;
among others have also begun.
Talking about gender discrimination there have been complaints about
the different positions that men and women occupy in the same firm
or industry and the inequality of women’s and men’s wages,
especially if they have the same qualifications. Men and women
seem to be treated differently from each other in an unfair way.
The average salary
1 - Finance and insurance
2 – House and restaurants
3 – Trade
4 – Health care and social support
Today, in Portugal, there are still more men than women
leading a political career and again the fact is due to the
unequal quota thought for male and female candidates.
Times have changed but one must always enforce democratic
ideals and principles of humanity based on
Average monthly wages:
Men are still earning considerably more than women.
Employed and unemployed population looking for a job:
Women have better qualifications when it comes to apply for a job.
“We are each burdened with prejudice
against the poor or the rich, the smart
or the slow, the gaunt or the obese. It
is natural to develop prejudices. It is
noble to rise above them.”
TO CONCLUDE, WITH THIS INTERVIEW…
The majority of our interviewees, agree that men
and women are able to perform the same
functions as long as they have:
the same qualifications
for the same job.
We have realized that lately there has been an evolution
regarding gender inequalities in workplace. Yet, formerly the
woman didn’t and couldn’t occupy a position in the world of
work, because in many societies it was culturally forbidden.
She would be:
misjudged and humiliated if she dared to do the opposite.
There was, therefore, bigger gender discrimination,
there was sexism and sexist practices along with a glass ceiling
that allowed them to get to a particular level but no further.
Unfortunately, in some places gender stereotyping is still on
Men earn more than women and only a
few women can get to the top.
Many employers advocate the idea and
explain this fact based on working
mothers asking for maternity leave,
occupying themselves more with the
education and daily guidance of their
children. This same fact can prevent the
woman from reaching a high position in
the firm. How many female CEO’s are
there even in today’s world of work?
There still exist traces of discrimination and sexism against women.
As for specific jobs for men and women, men may have more job
opportunities, justified by:
their greater physical strength and
love for challenge and
functioning best under stress.
However, that fact can’t be an obstacle
to impede women to play the same
roles as men in modern societies.
Furthermore, the older generation still
approves of sexist behaviour, for example
in the domestic work which is regarded
a job only by women.
To conclude, we have observed that there are different ways of
thinking and acting as for gender roles in workplace being
this the result of some social changes in the world of work.
Thanks to several equal opportunities policies and diversity
initiatives in workplace people’s mentality has been evolving,
as well as women’s presence in the world of work.
Teacher: Rosário Cantante | <urn:uuid:a2072998-4bd2-42cd-85af-7937e4e6d246> | CC-MAIN-2021-43 | https://doczz.net/doc/28056/escola-secund%C3%A1ria-jos%C3%A9-gomes-ferreira | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2021-43/segments/1634323587719.64/warc/CC-MAIN-20211025154225-20211025184225-00411.warc.gz | en | 0.939741 | 1,536 | 3.140625 | 3 |
About 3.3 billion people - half of the world's population - are at risk of malaria. Every year, this leads to about 250 million malaria cases and nearly one million deaths. People living in the poorest countries are the most vulnerable.
Malaria is especially a serious problem in Africa, where one in every five (20%) childhood deaths is due to the effects of the disease. An African child has on average between 1.6 and 5.4 episodes of malaria fever each year. And every 30 seconds a child dies from malaria.
This fact file presents the extent and effects of malaria and how it can be prevented and controlled. | <urn:uuid:69d8661b-1bb8-4547-9f60-e3d1ac696bc2> | CC-MAIN-2018-13 | http://weda4all.blogspot.com/2010/05/25-april-no-more-malaria.html | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2018-13/segments/1521257647322.47/warc/CC-MAIN-20180320072255-20180320092255-00074.warc.gz | en | 0.943764 | 129 | 3.625 | 4 |
So, there is now a national conversation on the enormous numbers of black Americans being infected by the Coronavirus or COVID-19.
At the beginning of this pandemic, I had posted on social media that Black People would be fooled to think that we had some kind of immune to the virus, or we won’t be significantly affected when the data is finally shown.
The recent data is showing that there is a disparate impact on who’s infected and who is from the virus.
In Michigan, Black Americans are 14% of that state’s population but 40% of deaths.
In Illinois, where 113 African-Americans have died out of a recorded 274 deaths, representing 41% of the total figure. The Black community in the state numbers 1.8 million, or 14.6% of the population
We see the same disparity in North Carolina, Milwaukee, and Detroit.
Here in Westchester, if we look at the reported numbers, we can see that each city or town that have a high number of Black and Brown population also have a high number of reported positive COVID 19 when compared to cities or towns with a low percentage of Black and Brown people.
How does this virus affect us?
13.8% of severe cases and 6.1% critical of COVID-19 cases are due to the virus trekking down the windpipe and entering the lower respiratory tract, where it seems to prefer growing. The lungs are a major target
As the virus continues to replicate and journeys further down the windpipe and into the lung, it can cause more respiratory problems like bronchitis and pneumonia, according to Dr. Raphael Viscidi, an infectious disease specialist at Johns Hopkins Medicine.
So Why are Black Americans being infected and dying at a higher rate?
For a start, there are health inequities including access to health care, and differences in the quality of care African-Americans receive.
In other communities (white communities), hospitals are essential allies and stakeholders in helping the city to address some of the underlying issues that impact community health. With the COVID-19 pandemic, we are seeing the collateral damage of a failed healthcare system for Black People.
Data from the CDC released March 31 shows Americans with chronic medical conditions face an increased risk of severe illness from COVID-19.
Black Americans lead in many of the chronic medical conditions that make us an increased risk.
Diabetes is 60% more common in Black Americans than in white Americans.
Black Americans are three times more likely to die of asthma than white Americans.
Blacks develop high blood pressure earlier in life — and with much higher blood pressure levels — than whites. Nearly 42% of black men and more than 45% of black women aged 20 and older have high blood pressure.
Black Americans are disproportionately affected by obesity. Among non-Hispanic blacks age 20 and older, 63 percent of men and 77 percent of women are overweight or obese.
Black Americans having these types of chronic diseases and weakened immune systems make us more victims of catching the virus and, unfortunately, dying from the illness.
There is an old saying when America catches a cold, Black American catches the flu. As usual poor and underserved rural communities, where people are less likely to have quality health insurance, are more likely to suffer.
So how do we protect ourselves?
First, we must follow the CDC guidelines.
Wash your hands often
Avoid close contact
Cover your mouth and nose with a cloth face cover when around others
Cover coughs and sneezes
Clean and disinfect
Second, Black Americans must eat better!
I have a saying If Black Lives Mattered to Black People, We would eat better!
Our eating lifestyle impacts our health. The food that we put in our bodies can save us or kill us.
All the chronic diseases we face as Black Americans are dietary-related diseases. Research studies have long indicated that high consumption of plant foods is associated with lower incidents of chronic disease.
Just changing our diet to add more fruits, vegetable nuts, and legumes and regular exercise can put us on the right track.
This change in lifestyle must be preached from every pulpit in the Black Community, especially the Black church. A Duke University Study found that Black men who attend church services frequently are nearly twice as like to be obese than Black men who never attend services.
Lastly, what else do Black Americans need to show them that we need a national agenda on how we relate to policies and systems on health in the Black Community. We should not allow our loved one’s deaths and the agony of surviving this virus to go in vein without creating a national conversation about our health, our healthcare and the racist systems that exist. | <urn:uuid:c7760d25-3148-4997-a6f6-315a9ba83080> | CC-MAIN-2022-27 | https://blackwestchester.com/covid-19-and-black-community/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-27/segments/1656103035636.10/warc/CC-MAIN-20220625125944-20220625155944-00315.warc.gz | en | 0.951222 | 973 | 2.78125 | 3 |
Tutor profile: Kritika S.
Does a function being even or odd change the way limits on integral behave?
Yes, it does change the way limits behave. Say, the original limits of integral are (-a, a) then: -> for an even function, limit changes to (0, a) and resulting integral is multiplied with 2. -> for an odd function, the value of integral becomes 0.
What is the basic requirement to excel in trigonometry?
The basic requirement to excel in trigonometry is remembering the formulas and the standard values. In trigonometry in order to attain answers most often than not you have to derive formulas and equations. So, it is important to have crystal clear basics.
Subject: Computer Networking
What causes a De-authentication attack?
De-authentication attack is done on the 802.11 frames. 802.11 frames are of 3 types: Cotrol, Data and Management. Management frames deal with the managing the communication between device and an access point. One of the frames present in Management frames is De-authentication frame which is utilized when device wants to break off the connection with access point. Attacker spoofs this frame and sends it to legitimate devices. De-authentication is a notification not a request so it cannot be stopped as such.
needs and Kritika will reply soon. | <urn:uuid:61dab367-9225-442f-a039-97275794cc96> | CC-MAIN-2020-10 | https://tutorme.com/tutors/198853/interview/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2020-10/segments/1581875146004.9/warc/CC-MAIN-20200225014941-20200225044941-00467.warc.gz | en | 0.894573 | 282 | 2.59375 | 3 |
In this lesson you will learn how to display pivot table data as percentage of total. It is really easy and it might be helpful for you.
1. Open your pivot table sheet and click anywhere in the pivot table. (Or right click and click on show field settings)
2. When you click in the pivot table, you will see a pivot table field options on the right side of the screen.
3. Go to the value box and click on sum of quantity and then on value field setting.
4. A dialog box will appear. Click on the tab Show Value As.
5. Click the drop down menu of Show Values As. In this menu select whatever percentage you want to select.
6. Final result will be like this: | <urn:uuid:b78061cb-a132-4490-bcc4-af3cfd6fb759> | CC-MAIN-2017-30 | http://best-excel-tutorial.com/59-tips-and-tricks/468-display-data-as-percentage-of-total-in-pivot-table | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2017-30/segments/1500549424931.1/warc/CC-MAIN-20170724222306-20170725002306-00286.warc.gz | en | 0.770573 | 155 | 2.828125 | 3 |
After years of speculation and anticipation, Google has waded into the browser application arena with Chrome. How does it stand up next to Internet Explorer, Safari, and Firefox? Here's a look.
The initial file you download from Google is ChromeSetup.exe. It is only a 475Kb executable and when you run it, it downloads more data from Google.
After the download completes, Google's setup program begins the installation.
Unlike most Windows installation programs, you don't have any options or control over what's installed or any program locations. You also can't see if there's anything else being installed. Chrome's installation program simply installs Chrome with settings defined by Google.
When the installation completes, Chrome displays this screen. You can now change some defaults by clicking Customize. Otherwise, Chrome will create shortcuts and pull in bookmarks.
Chrome imports bookmarks from Firefox. Even though Internet Explorer is installed on this test machine, Chrome didn't seem to pull it in.
Naturally by default Chrome defaults to Google as its default search page. However, you can change it to another search engine.
Once you've chosen all of the basic settings, Google displays this page.
Here's TechRepublic under Chrome.
When you click the Wrench icon for settings, you see this screen. The choices on the Basic tab are reasonably self-explanatory.
The Minor tweaks tab allows you to have Chrome save passwords for Web sites you visit. You can also set download locations.
The Under The Hood tab gives some more control over Chrome. Most interesting is the Use DNS Pre-fetching checkbox.
This checkbox allows Chrome to resolve addresses of links on a page in advance. This speeds up access to those links when you click them. Chrome doesn't precache the linked pages, just the IP addresses of the links.
Scrolling down the Under The Hood tab. Here you see a setting for Phishing and Malware protection. You can also control cookies and SSL settings here.
As viewed in Task Manager. Here's how much memory Chrome uses.
Like all modern browsers, you can load multiple tabs under Chrome. What does it do to memory usage??
As you can see, each tab loads up a new chrome.exe process. Memory usage jumps dramatically, but not as much as Firefox 3.0 running the same tabs.
There's a processor spike usage here.
As you can see, loading up all of the TechRepublic tabs has spiked processor usage.
The culprit is the Video tab on TR.
On our test machine, the Flash plugin crashed, showing this error.
Reloading the Video tab after the crash displays this error. It eventually comes up with no error.
Chrome vs. IE 7
Chrome and IE render the TechRepublic home page very similarly.
Chrome vs. Safari for Windows.
Even though both Safari and Chrome are created using WebKit, it's interesting to see that Safari For Windows renders fonts quite differently on TR than Chrome.
As you can see, there seems to be a different default fault and anti-aliasing.
Chrome Vs. Firefox 3.0
Like it did with IE, Chrome renders TechRepublic just about the same as Firefox 3.0
A nice feature in Chrome allows you to add a URL to the desktop of your workstation or to the Start menu and Quick Launch bar.
Chrome includes a Private Browsing feature called Incognito mode. This will prevent the browser from retaining history and cookies on sites you visit temporarily.
TechRepublic in Incognito mode.
Chrome includes its own Task Manager to see what's going on under the hood.
Chrome's Task Manager allows you to kill individual Chrome processes. You can see CPU and memory usage for each process.
If you click Stats For Nerds in Task Manager, you'll see this special Web page. It shows detailed memory usage, including page file memory as well as actual RAM usage.
Here you can see the effect of loading all TR tabs. Memory usage is lower than with Firefox 3.0, IE, or Safari For Windows loading the same tabs.
Chrome also has its own Download Manager.
The Download manager appears across the bottom of the screen. You can see how much is left to download.
If you click Show All Downloads, you'll see a detailed list of what's downloading in Chrome, including what's recently featured. You can click the link to display the information.
Download pop-up windows can display content. Here's a PDF in a Chrome download pop-up.
Chrome will remember sites you've visited before. When you click New Tab, the previously visited sites appear as the home page by default. You can then click the thumbnail and go there.
You can also click Recent Bookmarks to get where you want to go faster.
A unique feature to Chrome is the ability to tear off loaded tabs into new windows.
Click the tab you want to tear off and hold the mouse button down. When you drag the mouse, you'll see a thumbnail of the torn window appear.
When you release the mouse button, the torn tab appears in a new Chrome window. | <urn:uuid:37add225-0adf-4b9c-9b84-2607a95dcd59> | CC-MAIN-2016-40 | http://www.techrepublic.com/pictures/first-look-google-chrome/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2016-40/segments/1474738660898.27/warc/CC-MAIN-20160924173740-00083-ip-10-143-35-109.ec2.internal.warc.gz | en | 0.90065 | 1,070 | 2.5625 | 3 |
Eleventh anniversary of 9/11
These photographs and artist renderings depict the changes in New York City's skyline before and after the 9/11 terrorist attacks. Scroll down to see how the devastating attacks have transformed the cityscape. To see more photos of the evolution of ground zero click here
(Mark Lennihan/AP photo)
A view from Jersey City, N.J., of the Manhattan skyline with the twin towers in March 2000.
(Keith Meyers/The New York Times)
The New York City skyline as seen from Jersey City, N.J., without the twin towers on Sept. 12, 2001.
An artist rendering shows the future Manhattan skyline from the Hudson River as proposed after the construction of One World Trade Center (formerly known as the Freedom Tower) and other World Trade Center buildings.
An artist rendering of the future Manhattan skyline at night.
One World Trade Center has reached 104 floors as pictured in this photograph from Sept. 6. | <urn:uuid:496a0cd3-49d0-4cd1-88ff-4df8a9b116a2> | CC-MAIN-2017-39 | http://archive.boston.com/news/nation/specials/sept_11_anniversary/changes_to_new_york_skyline/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2017-39/segments/1505818690376.61/warc/CC-MAIN-20170925074036-20170925094036-00367.warc.gz | en | 0.91318 | 199 | 2.609375 | 3 |
John Metcalfe was CityLab’s Bay Area bureau chief, covering climate change and the science of cities.
The rate at which pristine areas are being destroyed is “catastrophic,” say scientists.
Picture a plain the size of India made of grass, exposed dirt, and the smoking remnants of vegetation. That’s what humanity has gifted the world since the early 1990s thanks to logging, mining, energy exploration, development, and other agents of landscape destruction.
The planet lost roughly 1.2 million square miles of wilderness over this period, equivalent to one-tenth of its total stock, according to a new study in Current Biology. Calling the pace of land-clearing “catastrophic,” researchers from the Wildlife Conservation Society and elsewhere identify the Amazon and Central Africa as major targets of denudement. The former has suffered a 30 percent loss since 1992, while in the same time the latter has seen 14 percent of its wild areas vanish.
So much wilderness has been removed—with “wilderness” being defined as ecologically and biologically intact regions with little human presence—that only about a quarter of it remains throughout the planet, according to the researchers. Most of the world’s still-vital biomes seem to be in remote areas humanity simply hasn’t gotten around to exploiting, such as deserts, the Arctic tundra, and the sprawling boreal forests of Russia and Canada.
James Watson of the conservation society and University of Queensland calls in a press release for international policies to protect the remaining wilderness, warning we “probably have one to two decades to turn this around.” Here’s more:
‘Globally important wilderness areas—despite being strongholds for endangered biodiversity, for buffering and regulating local climates, and for supporting many of the world’s most politically and economically marginalized communities—are completely ignored in environmental policy,’ says [Watson.]...
‘We need to recognize that wilderness is being dramatically lost and that without proactive global interventions we could lose the last jewels in nature’s crown. You cannot restore wilderness. Once it is gone, the ecological process that underpin these ecosystems are gone, and it never comes back to the state it was.’ | <urn:uuid:f553352d-794d-4110-89da-9b324fc951ee> | CC-MAIN-2019-39 | https://www.citylab.com/environment/2016/09/earth-has-lost-110th-of-its-forests-in-only-2-decades/499085/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2019-39/segments/1568514574532.44/warc/CC-MAIN-20190921145904-20190921171904-00089.warc.gz | en | 0.939799 | 473 | 3.78125 | 4 |
We all can probably remember a particularly vivid and effective scene from a great story. The unmasking scene in Junot Díaz’s story “Ysrael.” The riot scene in Dagoberto Gilb’s book The Flowers. The opening scene in Mary Karr’s Liars’ Club. The death of Father in Peter Rock’s My Abandonment. Most scenes by Antonya Nelson. The ending of The Grapes of Wrath. Shakespeare’s classic Nunnery Scene. Haven’t we all thought—if I could write a scene like that, it would be a truly spectacular scene.
We came up with some questions to keep in mind as you write, and you can probably think of a lot more.
- What is the story genre in which this scene will take place?
- What defines the story world in which the scene dwells?
- What are the writer’s rules for the story world?
- What is the setting?
- When does the story take place?
- What is happening in the story world during the scene?
- What in the story world might interrupt, affect, or react to the scene/dialogue/actions of the characters in the moment?
- What is the plot point inherent in the scene?
- What just happened?
- What’s going to happen after this scene?
- Who is in the scene?
- What are they doing during the dialogue?
- Is everyone in the scene engaged in the dialogue?
- What is happening in the scene outside of the scope of the dialogue?
- What does the main character need to learn—fail to learn? See or not see? Hear or no hear? Find or not find? Say or not say? Do or not do?
- What’s at stake? What obstacles does the character face (physical, emotional, mental)?
- What is the physical action of the character—walking, running—and what is the image?
- How can the stakes be raised for the characters in this scene?
- What actions cause reactions?
- Are there smells?
- What are the sounds? What does the character hear?
- What physical sensations does the character experience?
- What does the character see? Populate the scene.
- What is the dramatic payoff? What has changed?
- What is the outcome for the overall plot: how has the scene advanced the larger story?
- What is the outcome for the character: what is the psychological result?
- Finally, what is the outcome for the reader: what will keep them reading?
Happy holidays to all of our readers! Thanks for visiting the Dogpatch in 2012!
Image by Idea Go | <urn:uuid:40fd0eb2-33ff-43b3-8c27-48adaf5d92c4> | CC-MAIN-2018-43 | https://dogpatchwriterscollective.com/2012/12/18/scene-questions/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2018-43/segments/1539583508988.18/warc/CC-MAIN-20181015080248-20181015101748-00227.warc.gz | en | 0.943412 | 576 | 2.96875 | 3 |
You make a generator by adding asterisks right here after the function keyword. I'll go ahead and add a log statement saying that you called next. You might think that if I called greet that it would log out you called next but nothing happens.
If we assign something like a greeter to this greet and then we see what the greeter is you can see that the greeter is actually an object so it did not invoke this. It actually created an object which I can call next(on). When I call greeter.next, and I'll just call this next and log that out. You can see that next is undefined and done true.
You can also see that it finally invoked our log statement saying that you called next. Now, this is undefined because we didn't yield anything from our generator. It's done because it's gone through all of the yield statements which are actually none right now.
If I yield a simple hello and run this again you can see now I get value hello and done false. It logged out our statement. It returned hello and it's not done yet. It will actually be done on the next pass through next.
If I call next again, and I'll just name this one done, and I call the log statement again, so I'll just log out done. You can see that I get hello on the first pass with done as false and undefined with done as true because there are no more yield statements after this one, meaning it had iterated and gone through all of the yield statements.
If you have multiple yield statements like how, are, and you and you run this with only calling next once you can see that it stops after calling how. This is not called. That's not called, and that's not called.
If you were to create any objects or anything inside of here they would not be created until you called next, meaning that you can put stuff in here that's not created until you explicitly need it.
If we go ahead and call next three more times and run it again you can see it logs out each log statement, then the yield, the log, then the yield. It logs this, then yields that, then logs this, then yields the next one.
Because it's an iterator you can also use the for/of syntax. We can say for word of greeter and then log out the word and then run that. You can see the output is basically the same. "How are you?" The main difference is that this is grabbing the value off of the next.
To do that by calling next we'd have to revert this and say .value, then run it again and we get the same output.
It's really easy to get mixed up when you start assigning things to yield statements. If I say let friendly equal yield how and then I try to log out friendly you might expect it to log out how because that's what it's yielding. But if I run this you'll see it's actually logging out undefined.
The way that this works is that the next step through the iteration, so if I say "The heck," will basically send this back through and assign it to this friendly. If I log this out now you'll see I get "How," and then "The heck." That means you can start building things through the iteration process.
If I yield friendly+r and then I assign friendly to this and then I yield friendly+u and I pass in silly ole and I run this again you can get "How the heck are silly ole you?" because this message is being returned here when the next step is run and assigned to this friendly. I yield that part of the friendly and then this comes from here, which is being assigned here. Then it yields that final statement.
One thing to note is that because this assignment happens on the run after the first one it's actually impossible to pass a value in here. If I try and say first and run this I'll get an error saying, "Sent value to a newborn generator," because you haven't given this a chance to run and iterate and go to the next step where you could actually pass in a value.
Lastly, generators also help you work with infinite sequences. If I wrap my yield with a wild true, which is never going to stop looking, I can safely yield this X and Y point knowing confidently that this stuff isn't going to evaluate until the next step through after the yield process.
It will safely pause instead of infinitely going through this while loop. When I run this, you can see I get zero, two, four, six, eight and so on. Zero, one, two, three, four, and so on. I could generate these forever. They're also only created when I request them through the yield. They're not created ahead of time.
Don't worry. We will dive more into practical use cases of generators in future videos. | <urn:uuid:5cb0fc58-c680-4931-b2a1-1dff95e3dc65> | CC-MAIN-2019-18 | https://egghead.io/lessons/ecmascript-6-es6-es2015-generators | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2019-18/segments/1555578681624.79/warc/CC-MAIN-20190425034241-20190425060048-00037.warc.gz | en | 0.966927 | 1,015 | 3.21875 | 3 |
The correct PSI for truck tires is a topic of great debate in the trucking community. There are many factors to consider, including the type of tire you have, the maximum load you can carry, and the driving conditions. Tire manufacturers will recommend a specific PSI, but drivers should make allowances for actual load weight and driving conditions. Using too high of a PSI can shorten the tire’s life and increase fuel consumption.
Most truck tires are inflated between 32 and 35 psi, but this is not the maximum. Heavy-duty tires can handle PSIs of 50 to 60 psi. However, the maximum pressure of a tire is different than the recommended pressure, so it’s best to consult the manual to make sure your truck is properly inflated.
Tire pressure is an important factor in maintaining safety and ensuring that the tires are in good condition. While the maximum recommended PSI for a truck is 35 pounds per square inch, it’s not recommended for passenger vehicles. Over-inflated tires can have problems with cornering performance and braking threshold.
Related Questions / Contents
Should Truck Tires Be Inflated to Max Psi?
Tire pressure is an important consideration for your truck. It is critical to follow manufacturer recommendations to keep your tires safe and performing at their best. These recommendations can be found on your door jamb or in your owner’s manual. Depending on your type of truck, you may need to increase your tire pressure during winter months, or lower it during hot weather.
Tire manufacturers recommend a specific maximum inflation pressure based on the design and construction of the tire. Depending on the type of tire, this maximum may be higher or lower than the recommended pressure. Some tires are rated for 35 psi while others are rated for 44 psi or more. These higher pressures may be required for handling special situations, such as high-speed operation.
Truck tires are legal to hold up to 75 pounds of load. Most truckers, however, opt for a lower pressure between 95 and 105 psi. This is considered to be the most common pressure. Properly inflated tires rarely experience problems despite changes in temperature. For instance, a thirty-degree drop in temperature will reduce your tire pressure by two psi, which is not a problem if you are maintaining a proper inflation level.
Is 80 Psi Normal For Truck Tires?
Most commercial truck tires are inflated to 80 psi, a higher level than passenger car tires. This is because commercial truck tires are much thicker and subject to more temperature variations than passenger car tires. However, commercial truck tires should never be overinflated. It is best to consult the manufacturer’s recommendations when it comes to tire pressure for trucks.
The proper tire pressure depends on several factors, including the type of load and size of the truck. The manufacturer’s recommended PSI is a baseline value, but drivers must always make allowances for the size of their truck, driving conditions, and the weight of their load. Incorrectly inflated tires can result in reduced tire life and increased fuel costs.
A truck’s tire pressure should be checked at least monthly. It is especially important during the fall and winter months. The temperature of a tire can change significantly, and a drop of thirty degrees can cause a tire to lose three PSI in a matter of seconds. Low tire pressure can result in problems with steering and even a flat tire. Some experts recommend checking tire pressure every time you refuel your truck, while others recommend checking them once a month.
Is 50 PSI Too Much For Truck Tires?
Proper PSI for truck tires depends on the type of truck and the maximum load it can carry. Tire manufacturers have specific recommendations for each type of tire. It’s important to follow these guidelines, as incorrect PSI levels may lead to tire failure. Using too much pressure on your truck tires can result in an unsafe vehicle.
The recommended PSI for your truck’s tires is usually between 32 and 35 pounds per square inch. However, some vehicles require much higher PSI. Truck tires, for example, require up to 50 or 60 PSI. Heavy-duty trucks and SUVs can reach even higher PSI levels.
While truck tires are built to carry heavy loads, they can be dangerous if you are driving under too much pressure. Tires that are too high will degrade and cause a bumpy ride. Always follow the manufacturer’s recommendations for tire pressure.
Is 42 PSI Too Much For Truck Tires?
The answer to the question, “Is 42 PSI Too Much For Truck Tire’s” will depend on the type of truck and the tire you’re using. You should check the tire pressure at least once a month to make sure they’re at the proper level, and you should rotate the tires according to the manufacturer’s recommendations. If you’re unsure what the recommended PSI level is, consult the owner’s manual to see what the manufacturer recommends.
Proper tire pressure is essential for maximizing fuel efficiency, uniform tread wear, and good ride quality. Check the placard on your truck for the proper tire pressure, or consult the owner’s manual to determine how much pressure is best for your tires. Many tire manufacturers have a load inflation chart, which gives you the appropriate PSI for your truck’s tires. You can also find this information for free online at the manufacturer’s website.
Tire pressures for passenger cars and light trucks should be around 30 to 32 PSI. However, for large trucks and pickups, you may need to use higher pressures. In other words, if your truck’s tires are at forty-two PSI, you’ll be risking a blowout, while still getting great fuel economy.
Is 60 Psi Too High For Tires?
Tire pressure is important to keep your truck running safely. A typical car tire should be inflated to between 32 and 35 pounds per square inch, while a large truck may require up to 60 pounds per square inch. The correct tire pressure depends on several factors, including the weight of the truck, suspension system, and engine type. Incorrect tire pressure can prematurely wear down your tires and cause expensive problems.
The best way to maintain proper tire pressure is to monitor it periodically, and check it every couple of months. Different temperatures will affect tire pressure. Cold temperatures cause the air in tires to contract, while hot temperatures cause them to expand. If you are unsure, try to lower the pressure by five to 10 percent. This will make the biggest difference.
When checking tire pressure, you should use the manufacturer’s recommendations. Some tires are designed for lower tire pressure. High tire pressure can cause premature tire wear, poor handling, and poor braking. It can also reduce fuel efficiency. However, in some cases, high tire pressure can be safe – the San Jose police department uses 50 PSI tires for training vehicles. However, over-inflating your tires can put you in a dangerous position and could cause a blowout or leak.
Do Bigger Tires Need Less Psi?
The answer to the question “Do bigger truck tires need less pressure?” depends on the type of tire and the type of load it will be carrying. In most cases, a normal tire requires 32 to 35 psi. However, many heavy-duty trucks require more than that. In fact, some trucks require pressures of 50 to 60 psi.
Optimal tire pressure is a balance between fuel efficiency, ride quality, and uniform tread wear. The process of calculating the ideal pressure is tedious and can provide an incorrect answer if the formula is not followed. Instead, use a load inflation chart or placard to determine the correct pressure.
When buying tires, check the manufacturers’ recommendations. Many companies have specifications that specify how much pressure is safe for your vehicle and tire. For example, if your truck’s tire size is 17 inches, you should check its maximum load rating.
Learn More Here:
3.) Best Trucks | <urn:uuid:a20ae4c6-d26b-4a2b-a111-eecf9692ad33> | CC-MAIN-2023-06 | https://www.prettymotors.com/what-psi-for-truck-tires/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2023-06/segments/1674764499949.24/warc/CC-MAIN-20230201180036-20230201210036-00773.warc.gz | en | 0.940801 | 1,668 | 2.78125 | 3 |
understanding krishnamurti (fwd)
Sep 15, 1996 03:03 PM
by m.k. ramadoss
Here is something that might interest some in theos-l.
M K Ramadoss
> Date: Sun, 15 Sep 1996 12:09:33 -0700
> From: Veselin Terzic <email@example.com>
> Subject: understanding krishnamurti
Krishnamurti is quite easy to understand. Thought is quite mechanical.
For example, when your brain "excites" a pattern of neurons (from the
senses), then another part of the brain will take this pattern of
neurons and from a sound-base directory will store it. To retrieve this
pattern of neurons or a memory of this, is from sounds, or words. It is
this process of sounds that we call words. Thought is only words plus
words plus words continually. To the brain it does not matter if the
person is speaking outside the body (to someone) or to the person
him/herself (ie to oneself). Words are dead to each other. Just like a
typewriter typing down words. Each typewritten word is dead to the
other and is in the past. Words in the brains are the same, except that
by sound the pattern of nuerons or memory of the patterms are retrieved.
The main part is "insight" which is not from words or the process of
labelling the pattern of neurons with sounds (words). Where does
insight come from? It does not come from thought. But insight seems to
be outside the nrmal time frame of words. That is "insight" knows what
is best for you, where as words are activated from your desires/greed.
That is what words you use (thinking) depends on your deisres. Using
words has become a "pleasure" Emotions are only the physical reactions
to the words that have been activated. The physical reeactions are:
increase heart beat, stimulating and pleasurable body excitements, and
The ego is all words. All"thinking" is only words. That's all/
But, when a word is selected from all the other words, it is the correct
choice. How does the brain which is mechancial select a word? By
Insight is an extreme energy. There is no connection between words to
insight. Insight uses the words, as your fingers would use the keys on
the typewriter. I hope this is clear.
Insight is what Krishanmurti is talking about. If one lives a life of
insight, one's life is charmed and is total in happiness.
What makes you think or say certain words? Before the word is formed,
your energy is dictating the words. If you're unhappy, upset, the words
selected will relflect this unhappy, upset condition. And this
Insight "observes" this unhappy energy. But, people, only concentrate
on the words selected. One can use words and words, for indefinitely
and nothing will ever happen. One says, "I intellectually understand"
which is just using words and words and words. Words are dead,
meaningless, just the type written words on the page.
But, insight, is a live energy which "observes" the energy that selects
the words that are used. Religion, politics, etc. focuses only on the
words selected and not on the "energy" that actually picks the words
that will be used.
Insight can not be raised by words (thought). All scientific
"discoveries" came from insight not from the manipulation of words.
Thinking is only the manipulation of words; whereas, insight, is an
active energy behind the words. Desires/ego is all from words and the
selection of words. In effect, desires with its physical responses of
increase heart beat, sweating, eyes more alert, etc. is words.
I could go on, but I'm not sure if I'm not just rambling on.
[Back to Top]
Dedicated to the Theosophical Philosophy and its Practical Application | <urn:uuid:6be4cce9-1b55-4dc9-b336-f785742ae4e4> | CC-MAIN-2018-34 | http://theos-l.com/archives/199609/tl00187.html | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2018-34/segments/1534221215176.72/warc/CC-MAIN-20180819125734-20180819145734-00653.warc.gz | en | 0.934068 | 902 | 2.8125 | 3 |
Sibilance is the recurrence of a hissing ‘s’ sound which can be effective in prose and poetry. It is sometimes referred to as sigmatism after the Greek letter sigma. Sibilance, as with all types of alliteration, draws emphasis where it is used. Note all the ‘s’ sounds in this extract from John Masefield’s Sea Fever:
I must go down to the seas again, to the lonely sea and the sky,
And all I ask is a tall ship and a star to steer her by;
And the wheel’s kick and the wind’s song and the white sail’s shaking,
And a grey mist on the sea’s face, and a grey dawn breaking,
In this case, the sibilance gives a sense of flow, reflecting the movement of waves in the sea. It makes it very pleasing to read aloud – give it a try!
Sibilance is used commonly to draw people’s attention or admonish them (sssshhh!). Therefore, we know that it is an intense sound and can thus add this intensity to a piece of writing. A good example of this can be found in Bram Stoker’s Dracula: ‘The smell of sweetest victory swirled in his nostrils, overpowering the stale smell of battered bodies that lay underfoot.’ Here it also helps to highlight the contrast of the ‘stale’ and ‘sweet’ smells, using this phonological pattern to encourage the reader to associate the two descriptions.
Can you think of any other good examples of sibilance? Tell me in the comments!
Please do like and share if this has been an edifying read. Thank you! | <urn:uuid:f092c90f-2f2e-4d4d-9726-e262e2c1d25f> | CC-MAIN-2017-26 | https://eveproofreads.com/2013/08/05/sibilance/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2017-26/segments/1498128320841.35/warc/CC-MAIN-20170626170406-20170626190406-00372.warc.gz | en | 0.928867 | 375 | 3.578125 | 4 |
Here a few programming tips that should help you get started writing MATLAB programs for DSP. For more basic information about Matlab, refer to Matlab Primer.
Matlab is an interpreted language. This means that the source code is not compiled but is interpreted on the fly. You can use Matlab interactively by typing commands at the prompt. You can also write Matlab functions by creating m-files, which are text files that describe input, processsing, and output. You can view the text of an accessible m-file at any time by typing type <function> at the Matlab prompt. Looking at the m-files that implement the various core Matlab functions is a good way to pick up some ideas on efficient Matlab programming.
AVOID FOR LOOPS
You may be tempted to write Matlab code the way you would write a program
in Fortran or C. Although you can get by with this, don't do it. Because
Matlab is an interpreted language, it must interpret every line in a
for loop each time it goes through the loop. This makes Matlab painfully
slow at doing loops. For example, to generate a sine wave you can write:
for i=0:999, x(i+1) = sin(2*pi*i/100);
However, this is significantly slower than
x = sin(2*pi*[0:999]/100);
In general, you should try to think of ways to let Matlab process whole vectors at one time rather than using loops. Most Matlab functions will operate on a vector as easily as on a scalar. With some experience, you will find that most (but not all) for loops can be eliminated.
Here is a function that generates a triangular waveform in one line:
function x = tri(T,sT,Ns) % TRI Generate samples of a triangular waveform with period T seconds, % sampling frequency sT samples/second, and Ns samples. x=2*abs(round([0:Ns-1]/sT/T)-[0:Ns-1]/sT/T);
VECTORS AS SIGNALS
In Matlab it is convenient to use a vector to represent a sampled signal (a sequence). Matlab vectors and matrices start with index 1 rather than 0. If a sequence is intended to start at some other time than the origin, you will have to use some other bookkeeping method to keep up with its starting time. One place where the Matlab starting index sometimes causes confusion is in the use of the plot function. If no X axis is specified, then Matlab will default to beginning the X axis labeling with the number 1. The same holds true for the discrete-time signal plotting function stem.
Colon notation is a convenient part of Matlab that lets you specify a portion of a vector or matrix. In many cases, this notation will allow you to avoid for loops.
The colon notation works by specifying an index range with a start, a skip,
and a final value. Therefore, a regularly spaced vector of integers
(or reals) is obtained via
myvec = start:skip:end
If you use myvec = start:end
it will increment by 1.
Matlab assumes matrix notation by default. ``A*B'' is interpreted as a matrix multiply of A and B. If both A and B have dimensions 1x3, then Matlab will return an error stating that the inner matrix dimensions must agree. If you want to do a point-by-point operation that combines the elements of A and B, then use ``point'' notation. A pointwise operator is indicated by preceding the standard symbol by ``.''. Thus, to multiply A and B pointwise, type ``A.*B''.
Matlab uses a simple polynomial representation that is very useful for DSP. In DSP, we often need to represent polynomials of the form:
In Matlab the polynomials and are represented by vectors b and a containing their coefficients. Thus a=[1 -1.5 0.99] represents the polynomial . We can find the roots of A(z) with the command roots(a). A partial fraction expansion of can be found using the Matlab function residuez. The function filter interprets the coefficients as a difference equation and implements it as a filter. The function freqz also uses this notation to find the frequency response from a rational polynomial system function.
Some plotting functions are particularly useful for DSP. The function stem allows you to plot a discrete sequence as a ``lollipop'' plot. The function strips will plot an extremely long plot by breaking it up into horizontal strips. Furthermore, the subplot function is useful for making comparisons. It allows you to plot multiple plots on one figure. One final useful plotting routine is zplane, which generates a pole-zero plot either by specifying the pole and zero locations or the polynomial coefficients. | <urn:uuid:428ae9ec-7df4-4e02-9aa3-52b7517314a3> | CC-MAIN-2015-32 | http://www.eng.auburn.edu/~reevesj/Classes/DSP/DSP.html | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2015-32/segments/1438042992201.62/warc/CC-MAIN-20150728002312-00144-ip-10-236-191-2.ec2.internal.warc.gz | en | 0.897462 | 1,045 | 3.203125 | 3 |
The sparrows bout with mistaken identity
Talk to some people about birds and their eyes start to glaze over after a time. This is right before they look at their watch and mumble something about a forgotten appointment. Mention sparrows and even more folks will roll their eyes. The sparrows, as a group, do not engender the type of warm fuzzies the public seems to have for robins or bluebirds or even loons. In fact, I consistently hear the phrase, its just a sparrow, from many people. What most dont realize is that this group of finches we call sparrows are quite a diverse and fascinating lot, with more than 20 different species either nesting in North Dakota or migrating through. None may be more interesting than the White-throated Sparrow (Zonotrichia albicollis).
The White-throat is a rather large, pink-legged sparrow and is currently scratching around the ground under just about any bird feeder in town. I say scratching because that is exactly what they do. A scratch feeder will hop up, thrust its feet forward, and then draw them back toward itself before landing again. Its a technique developed by a few bird species to allow them to turn over leaves and debris in search of food.
These birds show up in early September from breeding grounds across Canada and the far northern United States (they nest in this state only in the Turtle Mountains and the Pembina gorge). Theyll leave our area about the middle of November to winter in the southern half of the country. April marks the month of their spring return and they have moved on north normally by the end of May.
If one is into listening to bird songs, few are more distinct than this birds. Its a drawn out, clear whistle starting low and ending with a few high notes, or it can be reversed. Mnemonics have been around for a long time to describe the song: Old Sam Peabody is one and Oh, sweet Canada is another. Once heard, however, its hard to forget. Moreover, both the male and the female sing the song, which is rather strange.
White-throated Sparrows are represented by two similar, yet distinct, color forms (called morphs) --both occurring with equal frequency and determined by genetics. Its a system unique among birds. The white-striped morph is recognized by its black and white striped head, bright yellow headlights, or spots, forward of the eyes, and a pure white throat bordered with black. Where the white-striped morph is bold, the tan-striped one is much more muted with tan and brown stripes on the head. What the two color forms share is a whitish belly, a fairly long tail, and brown wings with two white wingbars.
Once on the breeding ground things get a little weird. It seems individuals almost always mate with birds of the opposite color morph.
Why this is so is the subject of some debate and nothing but speculation has emerged from research thus far. They do know that both colors of males prefer the white-striped females, while both females prefer the tan-striped males. What we end up with is a 50/50 mix of color schemes when they arrive at our feeders in the fall. Did I mention it was a little weird?
The White-throated Sparrow is but one representative of this large and somewhat overlooked group. Part of the problem, I suspect, is the confusion with House Sparrows, which are not sparrows at all but one of the Old World weaver finches. Nonetheless, this bird that eats French fries from the McDonalds parking lot and builds nests behind the Wal-Mart sign has come to represent sparrows in the minds of most people. This is unfortunate because it gives sparrows a bad reputation.
So let the White-throated Sparrow be your introduction into the real world of sparrows. Maybe your eyes wont glaze over quite so fast. | <urn:uuid:e28de479-f0f8-44a5-a4b7-bd720940000a> | CC-MAIN-2018-05 | http://www.westfargopioneer.com/news/429266-sparrow%19s-bout-mistaken-identity?qt-latest_trending_article_page=0 | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2018-05/segments/1516084887054.15/warc/CC-MAIN-20180118012249-20180118032249-00657.warc.gz | en | 0.968391 | 822 | 2.8125 | 3 |
Web resources to locate classes interested in corresponding
with your class.
(See the Pen Pal Resources box on Lesson 1)
what your class expects from an exchange of ideas and
information with a class in another part of the world.
Use a world map or globe to find your correspondents'
some time preparing for the first exchange of letters
or e-mails. Discuss how you want to introduce your class.
Include your school or group name, number of students,
your town or city, and country.
an Ambassador Bear (either a real teddy bear or one or
more paper bears) to visit your pen pals. Dress your bears
to represent your country, state, or region.
or draw a picture of your class and send it to your pen
copies of e-mail messages or letters from your pen pals
in a special folder or box. Be sure to reply to all messages
as soon as possible, and try to answer any questions that
your pen pals have raised. Make a bulletin board display
of questions and answers. | <urn:uuid:b3491d85-a70b-43d6-b7db-6f26fc024e62> | CC-MAIN-2016-22 | http://www.buildabear.com/html/en_US/aboutus/teachme/lesson2.html | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2016-22/segments/1464049275764.85/warc/CC-MAIN-20160524002115-00119-ip-10-185-217-139.ec2.internal.warc.gz | en | 0.835171 | 222 | 3.15625 | 3 |
Three billion kilograms of tea are produced each year worldwide making tea the second most commonly consumed beverage (after water). Tea consumption is currently growing at a rate of 2.1% per year.
The high and growing rates of tea consumption globally makes tea hugely important from a public health perspective as even small health effects (positive or negative) in humans could have large implications (and costs). Green tea represents about 20% of the total tea market (20% of 3 billion kg is a whole lot of green tea).
Green tea is considered to offer multiple health benefits over and above its role as a refreshing drink. Instagrammers have posted almost 6,000,000 posts for the #green tea and claim that it helps with heart disease, strokes, Alzheimer’s, osteoporosis, macular degeneration. Best of all, it is supposed to help extend our lifespan and reduce our waistlines. Who wouldn't love that?
What Actually Is Green Tea?
Tea, a beverage made from the leaves of the evergreen shrub Camellia sinensis, originates from China. Archeologic findings suggest that infusions of leaves from the tea plant, may date back 500,000 years. Legends say that the Chinese Emperor Shen Nung (aka Divine Healer) discovered the tea beverage in 2737 BC when dried leaves accidentally blew into hot boiling water. Hey presto, tea was discovered.
The Zen priest Eisai is believed to have brought tea from China to Japan. There are three main types of tea which are determined by the manufacturing process: green, black and oolong.
Green tea is produced by lightly steaming tea leaves prior to drying. The steaming inactivates the enzymes that are responsible for fermentation of tea leaves. Put another way, green tea is derived from unfermented leaves, oolong tea is partially fermented and back tea is fully fermented.
Fermentation reduces the polyphenol content and increases the caffeine content, hence the rationale for the supposed superior health benefits of green tea. Green tea is very revered in some cultures and is described in the ancient writings from Asian healers for its medicinal use.
There are a total of 60,000 green tea related products for sale on Amazon. Available forms of green tea products include leaves, bags, extract, powder and even ‘green tea Kit Kat bars’. (Have a break, have a ‘green tea Kit Kat’).
In exchange for $1125, Amazon will happily send you 25kg of green tea extract.
What’s In It?
Green tea is rich in polyphenols and antioxidants. The main flavanol in green tea is epigallocatechin gallate (EGCG). This represents 40% of the total flavonoid content of green tea extract. Green tea also contains high levels of antioxidants, perhaps even more than most vegetables and fruits.
Researchers at Tufts University, Boston tested both green and black teas by placing one tea bag (1.95 g) in 150 ml (5 oz.) of boiling water (1). They used the accepted methodology of the Trolox Equivalent score to measure antioxidant activity. Green and black teas had a mean antioxidant capacity of 761.1 +/- 85.3 micromol Trolox Equivalents (TE) per g dry matter.
In the first brewed cup, approximately 84% of the total antioxidant activity was solubilized within the first 5 min of brewing and contained 8. 31 micromol TE per ml. This suggests that tea can be an important source of antioxidants when green tea is benchmarked against drinks from fruits and vegetables that had antioxidant capacity values ranging from 1.6 to 15 micromol TE/ml.
Similar work from the UK shows that 2 cups of tea (non-specified)is equivalent to 1 glass (150 ml) red wine equivalent to 12 glasses white wine equivalent to 4 apples equivalent to 5 portions of onion equivalent to 5.5 portions egg plant equivalent to 3.5 glasses of blackcurrant juice equivalent to 3.5 (500 ml) glasses of beer equivalent to 7 glasses of orange juice equivalent to 20 glasses of apple juice (long life) (2) .
A typical cup of green tea contains (per 100gm):
(-) - Epicatechin 7.36 mg
(-) -Epicatechin 3-gallate 16.39 mg
(-) -Epigallocatechin 22.27 mg
(-) -Epigallocatechin 3-gallate 64.15 mg
(+) -Catechin 3.28 mg
(+) -Gallocatechin 1.54 mg
Theaflavin 0.05 mg
Theaflavin-3, 3'-digallate 0.01 mg
Theaflavin-3'-gallate 0.01 mg
Thearubigins 1.08 mg
Apigenin 0.17 mg
Luteolin 0.13 mg
Kaempferol 1.31 mg
Myricetin 1.02 mg
Quercetin 2.49 mg
It also contains amino acids (theanine), methylxanthines (caffeine, theobromine, theophylline), organic acids (caffeic acid, quincic acid, gallic acid) and volatiles (linalool). A daily total of 2 to 3 cups of green tea per day (a total of 240 -320 mg of polyphenols) is the usual recommended dose.
However it should be noted that the individual ingredients differ depending on factors such as the type of tea, cultivation, processing of the raw tea and preparation of the tea. As an example, iced tea contains less active ingredients than freshly boiled teas.
Decaffeination of tea removes significant quantities of the health promoting polyphenols. This is especially the case of the solvent ethyl acetate is used to remove the caffeine. The preferred method is effervescence which uses just water and carbon dioxide and retains up to 95% of the phenols in the parent compound.
What About Green Tea Extract?
Green tea extract is a concentrated extract from green tea. Technically it is possible to extract and concentrate any or all of the natural constituents of green tea. Again as an example, it is possible to avail of the polyphonic components of green tea but without the caffeine in extract form.
Is There Any Research?
This is a little confusing. Usually when doing a Pub Med search, we look at the papers relating to the both the common everyday name and the botanical name.
From a purist perspective, the botanical name is generally considered to be best. Take echinacea for example. Botanically speaking it is classified as purpurea, angustifolia and pallida. Unless we specify which exact botanical species we are researching we cannot compare across studies in a meaningful way. Additionally, the research is often better in studies that go to the bother of using the botanical classification - just my elitist opinion.
Camellia sinesis is the name of the parent plant. As mentioned above, the differences between green, oolong and black tea relate to the manufacturing process involved and not inherent differences among species of tea from a botanical perspective.
There are over 28,000 studies on tea which include over 1000 clinical studies. There are 2582 published studies on Camellia sinesis including 129 clinical studies. There are 7907 publications and 337 trials on ‘green tea’. All a bit confusing.
Does Green Tea Prevent Alzheimers or Memory Loss?
Wistar rats received green, rooibos or black tea for 8 weeks prior to intra-hippocampal injection to induce Alzheimer’s Disease (3) . Green tea prevented memory loss in memory tests in the live rats (obviously the rats were alive if their memory was being tested).
Following euthanasia (now we have dead rats) green tea was the only one of the three teas tested that avoided oxidative stress and hippocampal damage.
A series of in vitro experiments from investigators in Michigan found that green tea exhibited anti-amyloidogenic acitivity (4)
Aged beagles (98-115 months) were treated with a medical cocktail containing curcumin, pipeline, N acetyl cysteine, alpha lips acid and green tea for three months (5)
Placebo treated dogs had statistically significantly higher errors scores and loss of accuracy across distances suggesting that the medical cocktail improved spatial attention.
Measurements of visual discrimination, executive function, spatial memory, brain and cerebrospinal fluid amyloid levels were unaffected by the medical cocktail. The study suggested that the medical cocktail (or components thereof) can improve some (but not all) cognitive defects associated with Alzheimer’s Disease.
There is no human data to support a role for green tea in Alzheimer’s Disease.
Does It Reduce Free Radical Damage?
A mentioned above, green tea is rich in antioxidants (1). Hence we could assume that green tea acts only as an anti-oxidant. Ah, beware of assumptions in science.
Here we come across the first paradox of green tea. A study in 2014 showed that both a single dose and regular intake of green tea resulted in statistically significant geno-protective effects as measured by lymphocyte DNA (6) . However, catechins are a key component of green tea and show pro-oxidant effects in vitro. This has been described as the two sides of the coin of the green tea redox effect (7)
The investigators in the 2014 study believed that this paradox (pro-oxidant in vitro and anti-oxidant in vivo) can be explained by the fact that there fact that catechins may have different mechanisms of action in vivo versus in vitro.
Indian investigators studied the effect of tea without milk, tea with milk and tea with lemon on serum lipid peroxidation levels (8) Lipid peroxidation was used as a surrogate marker for free radical generation. The study found that tea without milk (and especially tea with lemon) is a good source of antioxidants.
Italian investigators studied the antioxidant effect of 2 cups of green tea to a controlled diet versus no green tea with the controlled diet (9)
Following 42 days of green tea intake there was a statistically significant increase in the total antioxidant activity alongside significant decreases in plasma peroxidation levels.
Green tea is rich in anti-oxidants but appears to have differential effects in vitro versus in vivo making it difficult to make any assumptions or generalizations about the clinical relevance of the anti-oxidant content of green tea.
Does It Improve Heart Health?
Overall, Japanese people enjoy one of the lowest rates of heart disease globally. However, tobacco consumption is relatively high in Japan. This is the so-called ‘Asian Paradox’ (the second paradox for green tea)(10) .
Consumption of green tea (which contains a host of health promoting ingredients) is high in Japan and is believed to explain this apparent paradox. The good effects of tea outweighs the bad effects of tobacco.
Researchers from Connecticut carried out a meta-analysis of studies looking at green tea and plasma lipids (11). Twenty trials (1415 study participants) were reviewed They found that green tea catechins were associated with a statistically significant reductions in total and LDL cholesterol levels; however, there was no significant effect on HDL cholesterol or triglyceride levels.
The Ohsaki National Health Insurance Cohort Study is a population-based, prospective cohort study initiated in 1994 among 40,530 Japanese adults aged 40 to 79 years (12). Within this region, 80% of the population drinks green tea and more than half of them consume 3 or more cups per day.
The study participants were followed for 11 years. Green tea consumption was inversely associated with mortality due to all causes and due to cardiovascular disease. The inverse association with cardiovascular disease mortality was stronger than that with all-cause mortality. In practical terms, participants who consumed 5 or more cups of tea per day had a 16 percent lower risk of all-cause mortality and a 26 percent lower risk of heart disease than participants who consumed less than one cup of tea per day.
The strongest cardiovascular inverse association was observed for stroke mortality. There was a non-statistically significant trend towards a greater effect in women.There was also a non-statistical trend in favour of non-smokers benefiting more from green tea.
The main criticism of observational studies such as this is the fact that green tea consumption may be part of a generally healthy lifestyle. This could represent a major confounder in any study. Green tea consumption is very common in the Miyagi Prefecture in northeastern Japan where this study was carried out which reduces the risk that green tea consumption was driven by health concerns alone.
We know from the Blue project that certain aspects of Japanese lifestyle can prolong life-expectancy and there certainly could be confounding by other inherently healthy aspects of Japanese lifestyle. For this reason, a commentary on the paper from Germany noted that the results of a Japanese study are difficult to extrapolate to European patients (13).
Green tea has been shown to reduce total LDL cholesterol without impacting on triglycerides in a meta-analysis but the clinical impact of this was not evaluated.
Green tea has been shown in an epidemiological study to reduce heart disease in Japanese subjects but it remains unclear if these data can be extrapolated to non-Japanese populations.
Does It Help Prevent Diabetes or Insulin Resistance?
A 2013 meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials on the effects of green tea on insulin sensitivity and glycemic control in populations at risk of type 2 diabetes showed that green tea consumption did not decrease levels of fasting glucose, insulin or HBA1C ( a long term measure of glucose control) (14) . This conclusion was based on data from 7 randomised controlled trials involving 510 patients.
More bad news for green tea comes from a 2017 meta-analysis. British investigators carried out a systematic review and evaluated the effect of green tea on insulin resistance and glycemic control in people with pre-diabetes/type 2 diabetes mellitus (15) . Six studies and 382 patients were included in this review.
They found no evidence to support the fact that consumption of green tea or green tea extract could reduce the levels of HbA1c, fasting insulin, or fasting glucose in people with pre-diabetes/type 2 diabetes.
Two independent reviews failed to show any benefit of green tea in diabetes.
Does It Prevent Cancer.
A Cochrane review in 2016 of 51 studies involving 1.6 million participants found that the information was insufficient and conflicting in terms of cancer and green tea (16).
How can data from 1.6 million people be inconclusive? Because of terrible research design, a lack of actual benefit or a combination of both probably.
Green tea has not been shown to prevent cancer.
Does It Promote Bone Health?
Epidemiological data suggests that habitual tea intake is associated with higher bone mineral density especially in post-menopausal women (17).
Canadian investigators compared green, black and rooibos tea on cell culture. They found that all three teas improved osteoblastic activity which could be seen as lending some support to the epidemiological data.
And the plot thickens. The Minnesota Green Tea Trial was a 12 month randomized double blind study in 937 post-menopausal women who were randomized to receive either epigallocatechin 843 mg or placebo (18).
A sub-study conducted in 121 overweight women showed that the green tea extract was not associated with improvements in bone mineral density.
There is no proof that green tea helps with bone mineral density.
Does It Prevent Eye Disease Or Protect Vision?
The benefits of tea for ocular health was described in the Chinese pharmacopoeia about 2000 years ago. We have had 2000 years to formally prove this, but alack this is not the case. There are no human clinical trials on green tea and ophthalmology.
That means we have to move from clinical evidence (which is of course superior) to scientific evidence (which ranks lower on the totem pole of value). Fatty acids in tea shoots helped with cell growth and anti-oxidation in retinal cell lines (19).
A group of Indian pharmacologists studied the effect of green tea on cataract formation using ex vivo (they enucleated rats eyes) and in vivo rat experiments (20). The two experimental designs showed that green tea possesses significant anti-cataract potential and acts primarily by preserving the antioxidant defense system.
Chinese investigators found that green tea protected against UVB damage in retinal cell lines (21).
Russian investigators found that green tea protects cultured human lens epithelial cells under conditions of hyperglycemia (22).
Finally Korean investigators found that epigalloccatechin-3-gallate inhibits ocular neovascularization and vascular permeability in human retinal pigment epithelial and human retinal microvascular endothelial cells (23).
Despite interesting (gruesome) animal studies, green tea remains unproven for eye health.
Does It Reduce Weight?
A study from Seattle compared the satiating effects of a beverage containing fibre versus the same beverage fortified with caffeine and catechins from green tea versus no beverage (24). The fortified beverage drink resulted in the lowest hunger score, the highest fullness score and the lowest energy intake at the next meal .
Green tea is widely believed (according to Instagram) to promote weight loss. Proposed mechanisms include:
- increased satiety
- increased thermogenesis via the sympathetic nervous system
- increased energy expenditure and/or
- upregulation of enzymes involved in hepatic fat oxidation (25)
The catechins found in green tea are also believed to reduce absorption of glucose and lipids in the gut wall and other tissues. A 2013 study looked at co-formulation of green tea with polyethylene glycol to prolong the activity of green tea at the luminal level in mice (26).
It is proposed that this novel formulation could play a role in the prevention and treatment of obesity induced diabetes. It is all very interesting to upgrade green tea to get extra benefits (pimp my green tea) if it has been proven to have beneficial effects on obesity in humans in the first place. Alas this is not the case.
A Cochrane review looked at 15 studies involving 1945 participants who were followed over 12 -3 weeks (27). Weight loss in adults who took green tea was small, statistically insignificant and unlikely to be clinically relevant. The results of the review were consistent regardless of which method was used to assess weight (body mass index or waist circumference).
Sorry all you instagrammers out there, green tea has not been proven to reduce weight.
Does it Slow The Effects Of Ageing?
As mentioned above, the Blue Zones project which studied the lifestyle habits of the longest lived people in the world found that people in Okinawa, Japan regularly consumed green tea and lived long healthy lives. This can either be taken as an epidemiological signal that green tea promotes longevity or that it is just a surrogate marker for a healthy lifestyle in general (ie perhaps it is the omega 3 rich diet that helps Okinawans live longer).
Certainly green tea consumption was inversely associated with mortality in the Ohsaki study but it is unclear if we can extrapolate this to other demographics (12)
As we have seen green tea does not have any significant effect on other key diseases of ageing such as diabetes, Alzheimer’s, bone density, cataracts and cancer.
The jury is out on the the antiageing effects of green tea outside of Japan.
Is Green Tea Supplementation Safe?
There is a case report from Florida of a man with a prosthetic heart valve who had an unexpectedly low INR (the test used to measure the activity of the oral anticoagulant warfarin) (28) . The man had (inexplicably) been drinking one and a half gallons of green tea in the weeks before the unexpected labroratory result. Maybe he is believes what he reads on Instagram? On cessation of the excessive green tea consumption, the blood test returned to normal. This has led to concerns that green tea might antagonise the effects of some oral anticoagulants.
Even decaffeinated green tea products can contain substantial amounts of caffeine and care should be taken in people who are sensitive to the effects of caffeine.
There are inconclusive findings regarding green tea and liver toxicity. As a precaution, in view of the uncertainty, it is recommended that green tea be avoided by people with liver disease and that people report any side effects that could be liver related e.g. skin itch, yellow eyes or skin and dark urine.
There are possible interactions between green tea and numerous medications. Some interactions may be beneficial eg green tea may enhance the activity of beta-lactam and quinoline antibiotics (but this also increases the risk toxicity). Some interactions can be deleterious eg reduced effectiveness of lithium, hypertensive crisis in people on MAOI inhibitors, beta-blockers.
The paradoxes associated with green tea remind us of the inherent risk of extrapolating scientific data to the clinical arena. Science rarely plays out in the clinical arena as just a carbon copy of the laboratory. The Cochrane review on cancer prevention had a very sensible conclusion.
Having reviewed data from 1.6 million people they advised that the evidence was conflicting and it was questionable whether any of it could be generalized. That sounds just right to me. They also had a very practical bottom line 'if not exceeding the daily recommended allowance, those who enjoy a cup of green tea should continue its consumption’.
How could I improve on the musings of people who reviewed such a wealth of data? So feel free to enjoy your green tea without deluding yourself about its health benefits.
I especially love Japanese green tea ceremonies and even though I am addicted to science, I don't need a full Cochrane review to know that the slow, graceful, mindful Japanese green tea ceremony has to be better for my health than inhaling a Starbucks eggnog latte on the run. | <urn:uuid:4b9119ee-891e-4196-8090-abe3437196dc> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://tastylicious.com/green-tea-benefits/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882571147.84/warc/CC-MAIN-20220810040253-20220810070253-00159.warc.gz | en | 0.934908 | 4,641 | 2.65625 | 3 |
Russia’s 20th century began with tsarism and was replaced in 1917 by a more vicious form of autocracy — Bolshevism and communism.
Throughout the 20th century, not a single Russian or Soviet head of state left office without suffering disgrace and widespread vilification. Sometimes it happened during his lifetime and sometimes even before stepping down, as with Tsar Nicholas II, former Soviet leaders Leonid Brezhnev, Konstantin Chernenko and Mikhail Gorbachev, as well as former President Boris Yeltsin.
In some cases, they left office humiliated, as happened with former Soviet leader Nikita Khrushchev, Gorbachev and Yeltsin. Others, such as Lenin and Stalin, were criticized after their deaths and then openly denounced by anti-Communists decades later.
Yury Andropov started his term in November 1982 by raiding movie theaters to enforce his campaign of increasing “work discipline” — that is to say, decreasing absenteeism at work. Andropov ruled for little more than a year before he died in February 1984, but it is interesting to ponder how the Soviet Union would have evolved or devolved had Andropov remained in office for eight more years.
It is amazing how the supporters of Lenin, Gorbachev and Yeltsin were jubilant when those leaders first came to power and, yet, how each transformed into alter egos of their former selves by the end of their rule. Not one managed to leave office with dignity or before falling out of favor.
Why is it that almost every individual who was shown favor by a Soviet or Russian leader later rebelled against him?
Stalin destroyed the supporters of Lenin, Khrushchev denounced Stalinism, Brezhnev ousted Khrushchev, Communist hard-liner Gennady Yanayev rebelled against Gorbachev, former Vice President Alexander Rutskoi struck out at Yeltsin, former Prime Minister Mikhail Kasyanov rose against then-President Vladimir Putin.
For the past 100 years, this negative trend has weakened the Russian Empire and the Soviet Union and continued in post-Soviet Russia. Will it be possible to end it in the 21st century?
Taking a look at the current ruling tandem of Prime Minister Putin and President Dmitry Medvedev, many say the whole setup is a show, that the two are only actors meant to deceive the Russian people. Conspiracy and intrigue are par for the course in Russian politics. Some even believe that Gorbachev himself staged the attempted coup in 1991 to somehow reinforce his waning power.
The important thing is to break the historical pattern of autocratic rule controlling a compliant society, to incorporate the rule of law, to establish checks and balances so that leaders exercise unusual authority only under unusual circumstances.
If the unexpected happens and Russia is someday governed by a democratic leader, he or she will begin by establishing a new set of values that recognizes the primacy of law, improves the legislative process, establishes independent courts and competent law enforcement, supports the human rights movement and promotes greater legal awareness among the people.
This democratic rule will not serve as a substitute for law and order but firmly establish it. | <urn:uuid:b9a831b0-5e69-4137-a70d-e11cd8185c9d> | CC-MAIN-2022-49 | https://www.themoscowtimes.com/2011/04/24/breaking-the-vicious-circle-of-autocracy-a6545 | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-49/segments/1669446711111.35/warc/CC-MAIN-20221206161009-20221206191009-00750.warc.gz | en | 0.973538 | 649 | 3.171875 | 3 |
Joint Pond-Wetland System Performance in Coloradoby Ben Urbonas, (M.ASCE), Drainage and Flood Control District, Denver, United States,
Bao Vang, Drainage and Flood Control District, Denver, United States,
Jay Carlson, Drainage and Flood Control District, Denver, United States,
Abstract: The Shop Creek retention pond and follow-up wetlands were constructed in 1989, by the City of Aurora, Colorado, and the Cherry Creek Basin Water Quality Authority to enhance urban storm water runoff. Since monitoring began, a total of 107 storm runoff events occurred and water quality data were collected for 36 of these events. The findings of this effort suggests a need for standardized reporting of runoff, watershed, storm separation, and inter-event time parameters along with the performance data for retention ponds and wetlands. In addition, detailed analysis revealed that dry-weather flows can significantly affect seasonal pollutant load removal rates.
Subject Headings: Water quality | Joints | Municipal water | Retention basins | Water pollution | Runoff | Water flow | Stormwater management | Rivers and streams | North America | Colorado | United States
Services: Buy this book/Buy this article
Return to search | <urn:uuid:844734f7-0570-4841-b3de-e73504448b22> | CC-MAIN-2017-04 | http://cedb.asce.org/CEDBsearch/record.jsp?dockey=0087602 | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2017-04/segments/1484560284411.66/warc/CC-MAIN-20170116095124-00105-ip-10-171-10-70.ec2.internal.warc.gz | en | 0.904073 | 249 | 2.65625 | 3 |
Humans are curious creatures. We organize our perceptions of the world through stories to explain mysteries and help us feel safe and secure. Story making comes from our natural inclination to have an internal dialogue with ourselves that narrate our experiences in the world. We creatively imagine our selves in relationships in ways that provide meaning and make distinctions between the sacred and the profane. Just because we create a story to help us understand and explain a mystery doesn’t mean we get it right. When we get the story wrong at the level of public policy for social justice, economics and the environment it can be devastating for us as a species, the rest of our planet and all of our relations. This is especially true for the stories we make up that inform and guide our efforts to educate and raise our children. Scientific theories enacted in evidence-based programs carry these stories that dictate what we do with and for our children, their families and communities. How are we doing with this? The western world that exists today is by and large the result of the stories that informed and guided our education and youth and community development policies and practices over the past 50 years. The news of today is one indicator of how we are doing.
Science has placed a wedge in between the worlds of the sacred and profane. We are the first to experience a completely profane world, (Sharpe 1984)1. It is the direct experience of the sacred that makes us human beings. In the absence of the sacred we become beings exalted by the power of exploitation and dominance, moving farther away from actualizing our real potential to experience the supreme joy and harmony contained within a sacred reality. Rituals nurture a sacred reality, (Blumenkrantz 1996).2
"Myth is the secret opening through which the inexhaustible energies of the cosmos pour into human manifestation."
- Joseph Campbell
A ritual is a re-enactment of a myth. It features characters with super-ordinary qualities whose origins are birthed from the divine at the beginning of time and conveys moral and ethical values that serve survival. Scientific theories are a modern form of myth and their rituals are the programs generated from these underlying stories, (Sharpe 1984). Scientific theories must have proper citations that pinpoint their human origin. The characters within these myths, wrapped in the jargon of the disciplines ("atoms, protons, super ego, defense mechanisms, viruses, E=MC2") were not given super-ordinary qualities and did not convey any moral values. Rituals enlist allies of spirit while programs enlist allies of science. A new story is needed that enlists both spirit and science into new forms that build bridges between the sacred and secular worlds.
Become Part of the Story
Over the past several years an international group of practitioners is attempting to forge a new story by remembering our collective shared story of rites of passage. Youth Passageway’s recognizes that no matter what challenges exist in modernity, from climate change to systemic inadequacy the stories that inform and guide the way we raise our children and help them come of age will determine our future.
This October 14th Youth Passageways is inviting people who believe that all children are our children and concerned about their welfare and our future to come together for an International Day of Reflection & Dialogue.
Reflection: What does it takes to build whole communities and repair fractured ones?
Dialogue: What would we be doing when we are all engaged in putting the story of community-oriented and culturally sensitive rites of passage into practice?
For more information visit: Passageways Day.
1Sharpe, Kevin. From science to an adequate mythology. Auckland, NZ: Interface Press, 1984
2Blumenkrantz, D.G. The rite way: Guiding youth to adulthood and the problem of communitas. UMI Dissertation Services, Ann Arbor, MI. (1996).Posted in ROPE
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It’t time for a Paradigm Shift – a fundamental change in beliefs, theory and approach – in developing community-centered responses to the challenges faced by today’s Youth & Community. More here>> | <urn:uuid:80d550ff-d408-4aec-a0bf-0ba81dc4a46c> | CC-MAIN-2018-51 | http://rope.org/change-story-transform-future-part/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2018-51/segments/1544376825363.58/warc/CC-MAIN-20181214044833-20181214070333-00114.warc.gz | en | 0.92485 | 885 | 2.90625 | 3 |
Yet another from the "Should've done this a long time ago" file. The high school gets the English edition of the Korea Joongang Daily and I read it every day. This article warrants posting because it discusses the difficulties in romanizing Korean into English. Romanization refers to taking another script like, say, Korean, and writing the words in the Roman script.
As the writer Peter M Beck explains,
Korean is one of the toughest languages in the world for native English speakers to learn, but Koreans make it even more difficult by writing their names a seemingly infinite variety of ways in English. In China and Japan, there is essentially one way to write names in English, but for every Korean name, there is at least 20.
The first source of variation is in the format of the name. Some Koreans follow the Japanese rule of reversing the order of their names to conform to the West. Chi-guk Kim may sound better than Kim Chi-guk, but reversing the order sounds unnatural and is unnecessary. Others prefer to follow the Chinese convention of putting the last name first, but having their first name as one word. This makes names more difficult to pronounce. Still others put a comma between their last name and first name, but this makes their names look like part of a mailing list.
The most confusing way to write one’s name is to write it as three separate, capitalized words. The Washington Post follows this convention, which once led former U.S. Senator Jesse Helms to refer to Kim Jong Il as “Kim Jong, the second.” Fortunately, The New York Times switched to the format I prefer, which is the last name followed by a hyphenated first name, with the second part written lowercase (Kim Chi-guk). [Emphasis mine]
Like the Joonang Daily and the New York Times, I employ the last name + hyphenated first name formula because it makes names easier to pronounce and because it sounds more natural to me. Most of my students write their names like this as well.
Of course, Koreans are far more creative when it comes to transliterating their names into English. How can a foreigner be expected to know that Lee, Rhee and Yi are one and the same names in Korean? Some Koreans are more creative than others. Every week or two I see a spelling I have never seen before.
Ironically, even though hangul, the Korean alphabet, has fewer characters than the English alphabet, Korean is difficult to transliterate into English, especially without using markings that require special software. I don’t have a magic solution or preference, but I do have a simple request: Be consistent!I've encountered this firsthand. The names Lee, Rhee, and Yi all come from the Korean character 이, which is pronounced like the letter E. Interesting like, 리 is pronounced "Rhee" or "Lee," but I've yet to encounter anyone with this last name.
The names Woo, Wook, and Woong are all similar, for they look like this: 우, 욱, 웅. The 우 character's pronounced "oo". Those three w-sounds don't actually exist in Korean, but the w- gets added to the names or words because apparently "oo" sounds to strange to Western ears. Maybe it looks better in print? Woongjin's a company that makes, among other things, water coolers; I suppose Woongjin looks better than Oongjin.
I suppose that with students' names, it comes down to personal preference. 우 features in plenty of Korean words and names and it gets romanized to the letter U. Still, "u" can be pronounced "oo," so I've students that will write part of their name as Jun or Joon. Despite my predilection for consistency, using the double O does make the name easily to pronounce because Jun can sound like "J-uh-n" to foreign ears.
The name Young's another one because it can be romanized as Yeong. And while Yeong is technically correct, Young's probably more common and again, easier on Western ears.
Beck goes on to talk of some other issues in Korea, but the big focus of the article's about the Korean language and how it gets romanized. It should help people understand how the language works.
[If anyone out there knows more information, please write in. If I'm wrong, correct me!] | <urn:uuid:b3283630-a031-48a0-8300-9fff52e2ad89> | CC-MAIN-2017-51 | http://gangwondispatches.blogspot.com/2013/04/oped-article-if-only-i-were-taffy-man.html | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2017-51/segments/1512948520218.49/warc/CC-MAIN-20171213011024-20171213031024-00659.warc.gz | en | 0.957972 | 936 | 2.609375 | 3 |
First Grade Engineers -Week 3 "Hot Glue Heaven" Students created a structure using low heat hot glue.This 4-week adventure captures the imagination of students as they learn basic laws of structure.
Laps for Laurel-one of our favorite events of the year!
More information can be found at Laps for Laurel.
Third grade students recorded themselves singing a nursey rhyme. They used Audacity to edit their voices and then inserted the audio into student created animations.
First graders are learning how to play "GoodBye Eduardo" (G, B, and high E strings).
Laurel Elementary School of Arts and Technology students, staff and volunteers gathered to bring in the school year with a ”boo –chucka” during our all school giant drum circle. | <urn:uuid:5dcf2847-0f32-4b1a-96be-37c686f0bcaf> | CC-MAIN-2018-09 | https://lau.psdschools.org/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2018-09/segments/1518891812259.18/warc/CC-MAIN-20180218192636-20180218212636-00541.warc.gz | en | 0.932921 | 167 | 2.9375 | 3 |
Earlier in our series of 50 Facts about the 50th State, we looked at how Hawaii’s total land mass compared to other states. We discovered that Hawaii is the fourth smallest state. In that discussion, Dave wondered how Hawaii stacked up to the other states in terms of combined coastline miles. Again, Hawaii fell into the fourth position, but this time of the other end of the spectrum. Hawaii has 750 miles of combined coastline. Only Alaska, Florida, and California have more miles of coastline. To see how other states rank, see this source. | <urn:uuid:4f694402-e838-4336-8ec2-ac563c1e9d97> | CC-MAIN-2016-26 | http://www.govisithawaii.com/2009/08/11/hawaii-fact-40-of-50-hawaiis-coastline/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2016-26/segments/1466783397744.64/warc/CC-MAIN-20160624154957-00046-ip-10-164-35-72.ec2.internal.warc.gz | en | 0.937918 | 112 | 2.828125 | 3 |
Russia's boreal forest the largest continuous expanse of forest in the world, found in the country's cold northern regions is undergoing an accelerating large-scale shift in vegetation types as a result of globally and regionally warming climate. That in turn is creating an even warmer climate in the region, according to a new study published in the journal Global Change Biology and highlighted in the April issue of Nature Climate Change.
The Great Russian forest, which includes much of Siberia, is the size of the contiguous United States. It has experienced significant documented warming over the last several decades. As a result, tree species that are more tolerant of warmer weather are advancing northward at an increasing rate as species that are less tolerant to a warmer climate are declining in number.
"We've identified that the boreal forest, particularly in Siberia, is converting from predominantly needle-shedding larch trees to evergreen conifers in response to warming climate," said the study's lead author, Jacquelyn Shuman, a post-doctoral research associate in environmental sciences in U.Va.'s Graduate School of Arts & Sciences. "This will promote additional warming and vegetation change, particularly in areas with low species diversity."
Larch trees drop their needles in the fall, allowing the vast snow-covered ground surface of winter to reflect sunlight and heat back into space. This helps keep the climate in the region very cold. But evergreen conifers, such as spruce and fur, retain their needles year round. These trees absorb sunlight, which causes ground-level heat retention. This creates ideal conditions for the proliferation of evergreens, to the detriment of the leaf-dropping larches. The result is a northward progression of evergreens and a farther-northward retreat by the larch forests.
"What we're seeing is a system kicking into overdrive," said co-author Hank Shugart, a U.Va. professor of environmental sciences. "Warming creates more warming."
The researchers used a climate model to assess what would happen if evergreens continued to expand their range farther north and larch species declined. The "positive feedback" cycle of warming promoting warming showed an increase of absorbed surface warming. The model takes into account detailed information about tree growth rates, and the results agree with actual field studies documenting changes in cone production and movement of evergreen treelines northward.
"Such changes in that vast region have the potential to affect areas outside of the region," Shuman noted.
The Russian boreal forest sits over a tremendous repository of carbon-rich soil frozen in the permafrost. As the forest changes in species distribution from larch to evergreens, warming of the ground surface would cause decomposition of the soil, releasing huge quantities of carbon dioxide into the atmosphere possibly as much as 15 percent of the carbon dioxide currently in the atmosphere.
"This is not the scenario one would want to see," Shugart said. "It potentially would increase warming on a global scale."
|Contact: Fariss Samarrai|
University of Virginia | <urn:uuid:3faaafae-137a-400d-90b1-1d3f891f9641> | CC-MAIN-2017-04 | http://www.bio-medicine.org/biology-news-1/Russian-boreal-forests-undergoing-vegetation-change--study-shows-18477-1/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2017-04/segments/1484560279176.20/warc/CC-MAIN-20170116095119-00522-ip-10-171-10-70.ec2.internal.warc.gz | en | 0.942715 | 626 | 3.875 | 4 |
Basically, every baby has the ability to be an own master for themselves. Their independent ability is seen when they started to have their playing game activity. By playing a game, their understanding of the environment around them will be much grown. As parents, we must always provide stimulations for our baby, so their ability to be independent will be developed in accordance with their age. In this particular post, I want to share about self-help ability in baby that should be skilled by them month by month.
By 1 Month: your baby can coordinately suck when they are breastfeeding or drinking formulae milk through a nipple artificial.
By 2 Months: baby has already been able to open their mouth when see breast or nipple artificial.
By 3 Months: show their interest or enthusiasm feeling when seeing mother’s breast (ASI) or nipple artificial.
By 4 Months: start to place their toys into their mouth.
By 5 Months: put their both hands on mother’s breast or bottle when milk-feeding.
By 6 Months: able to hold the bottle or cup by themselves when drinking milk (breast milk) or mineral water.
By 6 to 12 months:
- Able to hold their bottle by themselves.
- Able to feed themselves by using their thumb and finger tips.
- Start to be able to hold the spoon and try to feed themselves.
- Drink water or milk from the covered cup or directly drink it from the open cup by sips via the edge of the cup.
The self-help skill in our beloved baby is possible to be trained even when they were still baby, because basically they have possessed those skills since they were born. With the right stimulations from us, as their parents, our baby will be delivered to be a person who is independent and not depend on the other people. So, let us give our baby stimulations in order to make their self-help skill develop optimally. Have fun with your little one. | <urn:uuid:46e46bfa-8a19-48fe-bd34-a4d3e2177970> | CC-MAIN-2013-20 | http://babytipz.com/baby-development/self-help-skill-development-in-baby-1-to-12-months | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2013-20/segments/1368703662159/warc/CC-MAIN-20130516112742-00046-ip-10-60-113-184.ec2.internal.warc.gz | en | 0.976434 | 406 | 2.78125 | 3 |
HARBOR PORPOISE RESEARCH - SAN JUAN ISLANDS, WASHINGTON
Habitat Utilization, Distribution, and Behavior
The harbor porpoise, with an average size of 1.5-1.6
m and weight of 45 to 60 kg, is one of the smallest cetaceans in the world.
Unlike the more gregarious Dall's porpoise (Phocoenoides dalli), which
can be seen riding the bow wakes of boats, harbor porpoises often avoid
Harbor porpoises were once common throughout the San Juan Islands, Washington,
but over the past 20-30 years, their numbers have been declining. Some
theories suggest the decline may be due to increased development pollution
within the main sound, increased boat traffic, or incidental catch of
porpoise in gill net operations.
Although there have been a few studies of the west coast harbor porpoise
population, little research has been done on harbour porpoises of the Pacific
Northwest. I feel there is a need to know what type of environment is
important to harbor porpoises in order to help sustain their population.
Therefore the objectives of my study are to: locate areas of concentration
of harbour porpoise in the San Juan Islands; determine if their distribution
is correlated with certain environmental variables such as water depth,
bathymetry, tidal rips, water temperature, turbidity, boat traffic, associated
bird and mammal species, presence of prey species, etc.; and to record
respiration rates and behaviors of individuals and groups.
Harbor porpoises are observed from both boat transects and shore-based
operations. Each boat transect is 8 km long and is run at approximately
11 km/hr. Transects are located in waters surrounding the northwestern
San Juan Islands. Due to the difficulty in observing this small cetacean,
transects are only run when the visibility is good and wind speed is less
than four knots.
During the summer 1991 field season, harbour porpoise were located on 70%
of the 33 surveys completed, with a group size ranging from one to three
animals. Behaviors observed included traveling, milling, porpoising, and
pop-splashing (porpoise belly flops). Porpoise were most often observed
traveling (72% of the time), were found at an average depth of 130 m and
at an average surface temperature of 12 .7 Celsius.
From shore-based observations, milling was the most common behavior observed
(70% of the time) with as many as eight individuals in a group. Cow/calf
pairs were observed on several different occasions. Respiration data was
recorded for groups, individuals, and cow/calf pairs. By using respiration
data to determine the amount of time porpoise spend at the surface, a
correction factor will be developed to be used for aerial censuses of
harbor porpoises. Based on these aerial censuses, researchers can then
estimate the San Juan Island harbor population and better determine trends
in population size over the years.
During the summers of 1992 and 1993, I plan to continue gathering data
on harbour porpoises and would like to extend my study area to include
a greater portion of waters surrounding the San Juan Islands.
I would like to thank Save The Whales, National Marine Mammal Lab, Washington
Department of Wildlife, and The Whale Museum for their help in providing
equipment and/or financial support during the 1991 summer season.
By Kim Raum-Suryan
Kim Raum-Suryan is a graduate student at Moss Landing Marine Laboratories,
U.C. Santa Cruz.
Go to Dolphins & Porpoises | <urn:uuid:c93a7cfb-3467-4799-9779-a39b0a9e074b> | CC-MAIN-2014-35 | http://www.savethewhales.org/harbor.html | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2014-35/segments/1408500825010.41/warc/CC-MAIN-20140820021345-00416-ip-10-180-136-8.ec2.internal.warc.gz | en | 0.933998 | 808 | 3.15625 | 3 |
WOWK TV – June 24, 2014
By Hillary Hall, WOWK TV
MONTGOMERY, WV – Hair cells, blood spatter, and fingerprints…things that are more likely to be found at a crime scene than a summer camp. The STEM program held at West Virginia Tech is a little bit different than your run of the mill camp for high school students.
STEM, or Science, Technology, Engineering, and Mathematics, is a program designed to give high school students across West Virginia a hands on experience with jobs related to those topics. They get to work in forensics, engineering, computer programming, math, and science for an entire week. An experience hoped to lead them to a future job in one of those fields. “They don’t know what an engineer does or what a mathematician does, this lets them apply the things they are learning in school in a real world environment” say first year engineering and science director at WVU Tech Dr. Kimberlyn Gray. She feels that more interest in STEM will lead to job growth in West Virginia in the future.
The students at the summer camp seem to enjoy the unique things they are getting to do. Tarryn Walker from Oak Hill High School in Fayette County said “you are learning but its not like it is in school” he went on to say that “you could never get to do something like this in a normal classroom”.
The camp is made possible by donations from AT&T, DOW, AEP [American Electric Power Foundation], and Toyota. Some students are also at the camp on scholarships from other organizations.
The camp runs through Friday, June 27th. It’s too late to apply for this years camp, but if you are interested in applying for next year please visit http://campstem.wvutech.edu/.WOWK 13 | <urn:uuid:81670e2e-6e96-432a-b650-439ac12114e5> | CC-MAIN-2016-36 | http://www.wvutech.edu/news_archive/2014/6/25/wvu-tech-stem-summer-camp-helps-grow-students | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2016-36/segments/1471982924605.44/warc/CC-MAIN-20160823200844-00020-ip-10-153-172-175.ec2.internal.warc.gz | en | 0.967191 | 390 | 2.84375 | 3 |
The 8th British Army and the 5th US Army landed on Sicily on July 9, 1943. It was the first footsteps of the African continent in the direction of Europe. General Patton was selected to lead the secondary attack on the left flank, around General Montgomery and beat the British to Messina. On 25 July, the King Emanuele overthrew Mussolini and tried to make an armistice with the Allies. The Germans rescued Mussolini from prison and set him up as a puppet leader over a new Republic. Once Sicily was taken it gave the allies the ideal spring board to invade the mainland of Europe. | <urn:uuid:c5033db9-37b7-4681-8e4f-2d69859db693> | CC-MAIN-2020-29 | https://arrse.co.uk/wiki/Sicily | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2020-29/segments/1593655883961.50/warc/CC-MAIN-20200704011041-20200704041041-00430.warc.gz | en | 0.969574 | 125 | 3.265625 | 3 |
It is very common for people to go through ups and downs as far as their moods are concerned. This is a natural reaction to the outcome of everyday activities and may last for a short while. But when the negative moods or lows continue for a prolonged period of time, it can be termed as clinical depression. There are many signs that indicate that a person might be suffering from depression.
The signs of depression
One of the most common signs of depression is that the person might be going through a feeling of helplessness and hopelessness. The person might also constantly feel that that the future is extremely bleak and that things will never get better. One of the emotions that retain our sanity is the feeling of hope. A depressed person is singularly lacking in this emotion. This leads the person to exhibit a loss of interest in routine things and the joys and pleasures that are derived from daily activities. Physically, there could be a significant change in body weight – either an increase or a decrease of more than 5% in a month. The person can exhibit bouts of anger or irritability. The tolerance level becomes extremely low and most things easily get on their nerves. There could be a severe loss of energy resulting in the person feeling extremely sluggish, fatigued or drained. Even small tasks may take them a long time to complete. Self-loathing is another symptom of depression. There is a feeling of worthlessness or guilt. The person undergoing a severe depression might indulge in reckless behaviour like rash driving, substance abuse or he/she indulge in dangerous sports. Such people may have trouble concentrating, remembering things or making decisions. There could also be many unexplained physical aches and pains that the person is suffering from. Since the term depression is rather broad, it can be classified into major depression, atypical depression, mild depression and seasonal affective disorders, depending on the severity of the case.
What causes depression?
Depression can be caused by any one of the above factors, along with the person’s inability to cope. A family history of depression is also a contributing factor. This can also be triggered by a recent stressful life experience, childhood trauma, marital problems, financial strain, health problems or unemployment. A lack of social support or loneliness only aggravates the condition. The good news for people suffering from depression is that it can be cured with medication and counselling. Hospitals and specialised centres also offer depression rehab facilities. The affected person can go on to lead a full and normal life eventually. | <urn:uuid:79d033ce-f229-4302-ae3a-e5d9fa388914> | CC-MAIN-2021-39 | https://en.over-blog.com/What_are_the_symptoms_of_clinical_depression-1228321782-art403093.html | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2021-39/segments/1631780060803.2/warc/CC-MAIN-20210928122846-20210928152846-00606.warc.gz | en | 0.958014 | 509 | 3.015625 | 3 |
Oaks are found along our trails in the old growth forest. The most noted Red Oak is along the northern border of our park near the beaver dam/pond area. This oak measures 17.4 feet in circumference, approximately 5' 7" in diameter with an height of 103.9 feet and a spread of 60.5 feet. The age of this tree has not been determined. You will also see along our trails other oak trees with black or dark bark similar to the Red Oak, like the Black Oak which is common to this area and Bear Oak which is not. They are shown below.
Northern Red Oak, Quercus rubra L.
Fagaceae Beech family
Text by: Ivan L. Sander
Northern red oak (Quercus rubra), also known as common red oak, eastern red oak, mountain red oak, and gray oak, is widespread in the East and grows on a variety of soils and topography, often forming pure stands. Moderate to fast growing, this tree is one of the more important lumber species of red oak and is an easily transplanted, popular shade tree with good form and dense foliage.
Northern red oak is the only native oak extending northeast to Nova Scotia. It grows from Cape Breton Island, Nova Scotia, Prince Edward Island, New Brunswick, and the Gaspé Peninsula of Quebec, to Ontario, in Canada; from Minnesota South to eastern Nebraska and Oklahoma; east to Arkansas, southern Alabama, Georgia, and North Carolina. Outliers are found in Louisiana and Mississippi.
Northern red oak has been extensively planted as an ornamental because of its symmetrical shape and brilliant fall foliage.
The acorns are an important food for squirrels deer, turkey, mice, voles, and other mammals and birds.
Black Oak, Quercus velutina Lam.
Fagaceae -- Beech family
Ivan L. Sander
Black oak (Quercus velutina) is a common, medium-sized to large oak of the eastern and midwestern United States. It is sometimes called yellow oak, quercitron, yellowbark oak, or smoothbark oak. It grows best on moist, rich, well-drained soils, but it is often found on poor, dry sandy or heavy glacial clay hillsides where it seldom lives more than 200 years. Good crops of acorns provide wildlife with food. The wood, commercially valuable for furniture and flooring, is sold as red oak. Black oak is seldom used for landscaping.
Black oak is widely distributed from southwestern Maine west in New York to extreme southern Ontario, southeastern Minnesota, and Iowa; south in eastern Nebraska, eastern Kansas, central Oklahoma, and eastern Texas; and east to northwestern Florida and Georgia.
Bear Oak, Quercus ilicilolia Wan.
Fagaceae -- Beech family | <urn:uuid:82e6c60e-aebc-40f6-a1fd-88515cbc159b> | CC-MAIN-2018-09 | http://estillparks.org/Red%20Oak.htm | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2018-09/segments/1518891813622.87/warc/CC-MAIN-20180221123439-20180221143439-00310.warc.gz | en | 0.940425 | 590 | 3.609375 | 4 |
In his prizewinning Mountain Fires: The Red Army's Three-Year War in South China, 1934-1938, Gregor Benton traced the fate of the Communist rear guard that stayed behind when the Red Army set off on the Long March. After three bloody years, the survivors regrouped as the New Fourth Army, which later helped to drive the Nationalists from the mainland. In this sequel to Mountain Fires, Benton describes the first three years of this army, and its triangular war with the Nationalists and the Japanese.
Like the Three-Year War from which it stemmed, the New Fourth Army was for many years neglected by historians, mainly because of the absence from it of Mao Zedong, around whom the story of the Chinese Revolution was largely written until his death in 1976. With the downgrading of the Mao cult and the return of some power to the regions (where New Fourth Army veterans held power) in the 1980s, new sources on the New Fourth Army became available. This study, which combines a thematic and a narrative approach, makes exhaustive use of these and other sources to explain the original features of this youthful army, which was no outgrowth or faithful copy of Mao's senior and better-known Eighth Route Army but a body with its own origins and history, and which fought its war in a quite different political, military, and social setting.
Gregor Benton is Professor of Chinese Studies at the University of Leeds, and author of Mountain Fires: The Red Army's Three-Year War in South China, 1934-1938 (California, 1992), winner of the Joseph Levenson Prize. | <urn:uuid:a92a06ba-5dd4-476b-ac42-426453c0f866> | CC-MAIN-2017-30 | http://www.ucpress.edu/book.php?isbn=9780520219922 | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2017-30/segments/1500549423774.37/warc/CC-MAIN-20170721122327-20170721142327-00439.warc.gz | en | 0.966181 | 333 | 2.59375 | 3 |
The Language of Torture
The use of torture as a means of extracting information from terrorism suspects remains highly controversial. In December 2014, the Senate Select Committee on Intelligence released a report on the CIA’s detention and interrogation practices that provided new fuel for this debate. In 525 pages, the committee described the CIA’s inhumane interrogation techniques (such as water boarding, sleep deprivation, and ice baths) used on Al Qaeda detainees, often at secret locations known as “black sites.” The report’s conclusion that these practices provided little to no useful information to prevent future terrorism attacks was consistent with accumulating evidence that torture is largely ineffective. Nevertheless, public opinion on torture remains sharply divided, with nearly half the American public supporting its use.
One way to explain continuing support for such inhumane and ineffective practices involves the way the practices are labeled. Politicians in particular seem to have recognized the power of language to shape public opinion toward torture: While George W. Bush claimed that the CIA’s use of “enhanced interrogation” techniques saved countless lives, Barack Obama claimed that the severity of the techniques made them equivalent to “torture.” The use of different labels to describe exactly the same techniques suggests that Bush and Obama may have adopted these labels strategically in order to sway people’s attitudes toward them.But does this strategic labeling actually make a difference?
A substantial body of research on the effects of labeling suggests that it might. For example, people have more negative attitudes towards whistle-blowers than leakers, illegal aliens than noncitizens, and economic refugees than war refugees. These differences in attitudes offer the intriguing hypothesis that labeling inhumane interrogation techniques as “enhanced interrogation” versus “torture” may influence support for these practices.
We tested this idea in a series of 5 experiments. Across studies, we found that labeling interrogation techniques as “torture” increased negative attitudes towards these practices in comparison to labeling the same techniques as “enhanced interrogation,” “interrogation,” or “harsh interrogation.” These effects on attitudes extended to actual behavior—signing a petition against these practices.
The effects of the labels appeared to be due to people’s perceptions of how severe and painful the techniques were, as well as by personal feelings of distress and empathic concern for the individuals subjected to the techniques. Finally, we found these labeling effects among both liberal and conservative participants, though relabeling had a slightly bigger impact on conservative participants. How we label these interrogation techniques can influence support for the techniques across the liberal-conservative political spectrum.
Our findings contribute to an accumulating body of evidence for the power of language in shaping political discourse around controversial topics. Whether it involves illegal aliens instead of noncitizens, enhanced interrogation instead of torture, or perhaps even the recent example of freedom gas instead of fossil fuels, unintentional or intentional relabeling may have the power to shift people’s attitudes one way or another. Such efforts may prove particularly impactful if public opinion on a topic is close to evenly divided, as it is the case for support for torture. When opinions on both sides are about equal, even a relatively small movement in public opinion caused by such “rebranding” has the potential to substantially influence public policy, although research on this possibility is needed. We hope that our findings stimulate more research on both the psychological and public impacts of labeling effects. In today’s divisive political climate, we think that this research is sorely needed.
Dr. Dominik Mischkowski is an Assistant Professor of Health Psychology and Social Psychology at Ohio University. He focusses on the social neuroscience of pain. Dr. Kimberly Rios is an Associate Professor of Social Psychology at Ohio University and is an Associate Editor for Group Processes and Intergroup Relations. | <urn:uuid:b4d476ec-7025-4a94-ad04-fc545a2e4561> | CC-MAIN-2020-24 | http://w3w.spsp.org/news-center/blog/mischkowski-language-torture | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2020-24/segments/1590347388427.15/warc/CC-MAIN-20200525095005-20200525125005-00451.warc.gz | en | 0.935844 | 792 | 2.8125 | 3 |
Adam Dachis from Brain Hacks (Brain Myths Debunked by Science – You Only Use 10% of your brain) has written an article which illuminates some major shortcomings in the way people communicate and interpret ideas. It also shows how narrow focus thinking can lead to major misunderstandings.
The assertion that “we only use ten per cent of our brain” has been around for a long time. People making this statement (or a form of it) mean something entirely different to the way it is interpreted in this article and elsewhere.
On hearing the statement, neuroscientists and others immediately join the fray and point out how ridiculous it is If we take this excerpt from the accompanying article:
“Brain imaging studies using PET scans and functional MRI show that any mentally complex activity uses many areas of the brain, and over a day, just about all of the brain gets a workout. More proof that the entire brain is crucial for daily life is the devastating impact of damage to even a small area of the brain.”
Of course, all of the brain gets a workout. No one who points out the potential of the brain by saying “We only use ten percent of our brain’s potential” is implying that some of our important brain areas are not being used. Those who are not
reaching near their full potential of brain usage (maybe only ten per cent?) have not, for example, turned off their Limbic System (emotional centre) or powered down their Pre-Frontal Cortex (decision making centre).
Yet few people reach anywhere near their full potential in terms of skills they can learn and information they can store. Learning such skills and memorizing more information means creating many more brain cell connections and mental pathways i.e. using more of your brain’s potential. This is what this much-maligned statement is referring to and it is a prime example of very narrow focus thinking to conclude otherwise.
And the reference to only using a small portion of your brain’s potential does not refer to psychic powers or “bending metal” as stated in the final paragraph of the article. It simply refers to the fact that we can all learn much more than we already know.
Finally, consider one of those people who go on quiz shows and win all of the prizes because of their encyclopedic knowledge of a subject. Have they learned much more than the average person? Of course they have. Who knows, maybe they have created ten times more brain cell connections and mental pathways than the average person? | <urn:uuid:04e85802-bb09-442e-b3fc-84f6e727d640> | CC-MAIN-2018-34 | http://www.alphaeight.com/brain-myths-debunked-by-science-you-only-use-10-of-your-brain/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2018-34/segments/1534221213691.59/warc/CC-MAIN-20180818154147-20180818174147-00232.warc.gz | en | 0.956761 | 527 | 2.59375 | 3 |
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