0 stringlengths 12 494 | embeddings listlengths 384 384 |
|---|---|
helps\tindividuals\tidentify\ttheir\tresponse\tto\tphysical\tactivities.\tTo\tmeet\ttheir\tindividual\tneeds,\n\tit\tis\nimportant\tto\tmodify\tgeneral\tguidelines\tto\treduce\tinsulin\tdoses\tbefore\t(or\tafter)\texercise.\nAdditionally,\tan\tindividual\tmay\tchoose\tto\tingest\tcarbohydrates\tbefore\t(or\tafter)\tany... | [
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0.07151... |
Similar\tto\tthe\tgeneral\tpopulation\twithout\tdiabetes,\tit\tis\talso\timportant\tfor\tindividuals\twith\tdiabetes\nto\tstay\thydrated\twhen\tperforming\tphysical\tactivities.\nCarbohydrate\trecommendations\tfor\tinsulin\n\tor\tinsulin\tsecretagogue\tusers.\nDuring\tmoderate-intensity\texercise,\tglucose\tuptake\tis\... | [
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0.08969856053590775,
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0.05341... |
the\trecommendation\tto\tadd\t15\tg\tcarbohydrate\tfor\tevery\t30\tto\t60\tminutes\tof\tactivity\t(depending\ton\nthe\tintensity)\tover\tand\tabove\tnormal\troutines.\tModerate\texercise\tfor\tless\tthan\t30\tminutes\tusually\ndoes\tnot\trequire\tany\tadditional\tcarbohydrate\tor\tinsulin\tadjustment,\n\tunless\tthe\ti... | [
0.00018683068628888577,
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0.03988708555698395,
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0.004796555731445551,
0.10968013107776642,
0.006592127960175276,
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0.03843417018651962,
0.09746388345956802,
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0.00641332333907485,
0.0366... |
unless\tthe\tindividual\tis\nhypoglycemic\tbefore\tthe\tstart\tof\texercise.\tAdded\tcarbohydrates\tshould\tbe\tingested\tif\tpreexercise\nglucose\tlevels\tare\tless\tthan\t100\tmg/dL\t(5.6\tmmol/L).\tSupplementary\tcarbohydrate\tis\tgenerally\tnot\nneeded\tin\tindividuals\twith\tT2DM\twho\tare\tnot\ttreated\twith\tins... | [
-0.05232002213597298,
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0.07675611972808838,
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0.06392722576856613,
0.018836112692952156,
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0.032388076186180115,
0.08317837119102478,
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0.047978732734918594,
0.06... |
adds\tunnecessary\tcalories\t(\nADA,\t2018\n).\nIn\tall\tpeople,\tblood\tglucose\tlevels\n\tdecline\tgradually\tduring\texercise,\tand\tingesting\tcarbohydrate\nduring\tprolonged\texercise\tcan\timprove\tperformance\tby\tmaintaining\tthe\tavailability\tand\toxidation\tof\nblood\tglucose.\tFor\tthe\texerciser\twith\tdia... | [
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0.04740756377577782,
0.07761305570602417,
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0.028080202639102936,
-0.003... |
lower\tthan\tthe\texerciser\twithout\tdiabetes,\tingesting\tcarbohydrate\tafter\t40\tto\t60\tminutes\tof\texercise\nis\timportant\tand\talso\tmay\tassist\tin\tpreventing\n\thypoglycemia.\tDrinks\tcontaining\t2%\tto\t4%\tglucose\nempty\tfrom\tthe\tstomach\tas\tquickly\tas\twater\tand\thave\tthe\tadvantage\tof\tproviding... | [
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0.036461085081100464,
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0.08142822235822678,
0.07334745675325394,
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0.011154646053910255,
0.04635414853692055,
0.008276045322418213,
0.05553776025772095,
-0.000... |
and\tcarbohydrates\t(\nLeiper,\t2015\n).\tConsuming\tcarbohydrates\timmediately\tafter\texercise\toptimizes\nrepletion\tof\tmuscle\tand\tliver\tglycogen\tstores.\tFor\tthe\texerciser\twith\tdiabetes,\tthis\ttakes\ton\tadded\nimportance\tbecause\tof\tincreased\trisk\tfor\tlate-onset\thypoglycemia.\nInsulin\tguidelines | [
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-0.00... |
Insulin\tguidelines\nIt\tis\toften\tnecessary\tto\tadjust\tthe\tinsulin\tdosage\tto\tprevent\thypoglycemia.\tThis\toccurs\tmost\toften\nwith\tmoderate\tto\tstrenuous\tactivity\tlasting\tmore\tthan\t45\tto\t60\tminutes.\tFor\tmost\tpersons\ta\tmodest\ndecrease\t(of\tabout\t1\tto\t2\tunits)\tin\tthe\trapid-\t(or\tshort-)... | [
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0.00767497019842267,
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0.09979576617479324,
0.03625797480344772,
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0.03155290335416794,
0.043585218489170074,
0.026000725105404854,
0.03797886148095131,
0.0326779... |
a\tgood\tstarting\tpoint.\tFor\tprolonged\tvigorous\texercise,\ta\tlarger\tdecrease\n\tin\tthe\ttotal\tdaily\tinsulin\ndosage\tmay\tbe\tnecessary.\tAfter\texercise,\tinsulin\tdosing\talso\tmay\thave\tto\tbe\tdecreased.\nPrecautions\tfor\tpersons\twith\tdiabetes\nPersons\twith\tT2DM\tmay\thave\ta\tlower\tVo\n2\nmax\tand... | [
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0.04513144865632057,
0.08973369747400284,
0.029699742794036865,
0.04538688436150551,
0.008922... |
2\nmax\tand\ttherefore\tneed\ta\tmore\tgradual\ttraining\tprogram.\nRest\tperiods\tmay\tbe\tneeded,\tbut\tthis\tdoes\tnot\timpair\tthe\ttraining\teffect\tfrom\tphysical\tactivity.\nExercise\trecommendations\nAdults\twith\tdiabetes\n\tshould\tbe\tadvised\tto\tperform\tat\tleast\t150\tmin/week\tof\tmoderate-intensity | [
0.039558298885822296,
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0.005229766946285963,
0.02... |
aerobic\tphysical\tactivity\tspread\tover\tat\tleast\t3\tdays/week\twith\tno\tmore\tthan\t2\tconsecutive\tdays\nwithout\tphysical\tactivity.\tIn\tthe\tabsence\tof\tcontraindications,\tadults\twith\tT2DM\tshould\tbe\nencouraged\tto\tperform\tresistance\texercise\tat\tleast\ttwice\tper\tweek\twith\teach\tsession\tconsist... | [
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0.06719821691513062,
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0.030473817139863968,
0.048992451280355453,
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0.0460103377699852,
0.0213611... |
least\tone\tset\tof\tfive\tor\tmore\tdifferent\n\tresistance\texercises\tinvolving\tlarge\tmuscle\tgroups.\tThere\tis\tan\nadditive\tbenefit\tof\tcombined\taerobic\tand\tresistance\ttraining\tin\tadults\twith\tT2DM.\tChildren\twith\ndiabetes\tor\tprediabetes\tshould\tbe\tencouraged\tto\tengage\tin\tat\tleast\t60\tmin/d... | [
0.015890534967184067,
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0.09054373949766159,
0.0015751364408060908,
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0.012439356185495853,
0.1291472315788269,
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0.03498847782611847,
0.0622163861989975,
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0.037310387939214706,
0.025... |
with\tvigorous\tmuscle-strengthening\tand\tbone-strengthening\tactivities\tat\tleast\t3\tdays/week\t(\nADA,\n2018\n).\nRoutine\tscreening\tpreexercise\tis\n\tnot\trecommended.\tProviders\tshould\tuse\tclinical\tjudgment\tin\tthis\narea.\tHigh-risk\tpatients\tshould\tbe\tencouraged\tto\tstart\twith\tshort\tperiods\tof\t... | [
-0.011098956689238548,
0.004067230504006147,
0.024330226704478264,
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0.004353732336312532,
0.06524774432182312,
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-0.03802463412284851,
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0.03568921238183975,
0.05932486802339554,
0.04... |
and\tincrease\tthe\tintensity\tand\tduration\tslowly\t(\nADA,\t2018\n).\nMedications\nA\tconsensus\tstatement\ton\tthe\tapproach\tto\tmanagement\tof\thyperglycemia\tin\tT2DM\thas\tbeen\npublished\tby\tthe\tADA\tand\tthe\tEuropean\tAssociation\tfor\tthe\tStudy\tof\tDiabetes\n\t(\nInzucchi\tet\tal,\t2015\n). | [
0.01044808141887188,
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0.04392328858375549,
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0.023443501442670822,
0.1102016419172287,
0.03772250562906265,
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0.07701807469129562,
0.1254342496395111,
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-0.012718615122139454,
0.04677411... |
(\nInzucchi\tet\tal,\t2015\n).\nInterventions\tat\tthe\ttime\tof\tdiagnosis\tinclude\thealthy\teating,\tweight\tcontrol,\tphysical\tactivity,\tand\ndiabetes\teducation.\tMetformin\tis\tthe\tpreferred\tinitial\tpharmacologic\tagent\tfor\tT2DM,\teither\tin\naddition\tto\tlifestyle\tcounseling\tand\tphysical\tactivity,\to... | [
-0.01599869318306446,
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0.03788883984088898,
0.012296346947550774,
-0.07752449810504913,
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0.10406919568777084,
0.0075600724667310715,
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0.056201186031103134,
0.0966290608048439,
-0.0625690147280693,
-0.012528597377240658,
0.0329... |
or\tmaintained\tglycemic\tgoals.\tIf\tA1C\ttarget\tgoals\tare\tnot\treached\tafter\n\tapproximately\t3\tmonths,\ta\nsecond\toral\tagent,\ta\tGLP-1\treceptor\tagent,\tor\tbasal\tinsulin\tis\tadded.\tIf\tA1C\tgoals\tare\tnot\treached\nafter\t3\tadditional\tmonths,\ta\tthree-drug\tintervention\tis\timplemented.\tIf\tcombi... | [
-0.013598425313830376,
-0.06454966962337494,
0.02394808456301689,
-0.05944645032286644,
-0.1302599012851715,
0.005197017453610897,
0.08453493565320969,
0.056658606976270676,
0.017326582223176956,
0.04563232138752937,
0.10083494335412979,
-0.006288273259997368,
0.0343339778482914,
0.0235671... |
includes\ta\tlong-acting\tinsulin\tdoes\tnot\tachieve\tA1C\tgoals,\ta\tmore\tcomplex\tinsulin\ttherapy\tinvolving\nmultiple\tdaily\tdoses\tis\tstarted—usually\tin\tcombination\twith\tone\tor\tmore\tnoninsulin\n\tagents.\tA\npatient-centered\tapproach\tis\talways\tideal,\tand\tshould\tinclude\tpatient\tpreferences,\tcos... | [
-0.0012955325655639172,
-0.06163410469889641,
0.03778941184282303,
-0.0462011843919754,
-0.14073027670383453,
0.0036423231940716505,
0.06226207688450813,
0.03965724632143974,
0.013660737313330173,
0.008750814013183117,
0.08919736742973328,
-0.012553656473755836,
0.03472185879945755,
0.0368... |
potential\tside\teffects\t(\nADA,\t2018\n).\tThe\toverall\tobjective\tis\tto\tachieve\tand\tmaintain\tglycemic\tcontrol\nand\tto\tchange\tinterventions\t(including\tthe\tuse\tof\tinsulin)\twhen\ttherapeutic\tgoals\tare\tnot\tbeing\tmet.\nAll\tpeople\twith\tT1DM\tand\tmany\tpeople\twith\tT2DM\twho\tno\tlonger\tproduce\t... | [
-0.0017163263401016593,
-0.05647127330303192,
0.06238284334540367,
0.0114012835547328,
-0.047854844480752945,
0.047004155814647675,
0.1031201109290123,
0.0786089226603508,
0.002501846756786108,
0.060222502797842026,
0.12138768285512924,
-0.0518411323428154,
0.007581639569252729,
0.04936531... |
insulin\tneed\treplacement\tof\tinsulin.\tCircumstances\tthat\trequire\tthe\tuse\tof\tinsulin\tin\tT2DM\tinclude\nthe\tfailure\tto\tachieve\tadequate\tcontrol\twith\tadministration\tof\tglucose-lowering\tmedications\tand\nperiods\tof\tacute\tinjury,\tinfection,\textreme\theat\texposure,\tsurgery,\tor\tpregnancy.\nGluco... | [
-0.009910030290484428,
-0.03246191143989563,
0.01332064252346754,
0.01600194163620472,
-0.08212170749902725,
0.014481744728982449,
0.11060132831335068,
0.05525439232587814,
-0.02556905709207058,
0.029698284342885017,
0.0836225152015686,
0.015557651408016682,
0.02170218899846077,
0.02223534... |
Glucose-lowering\tmedications\tfor\ttype\t2\tdiabetes\nUnderstanding\tthat\tT2DM\tis\ta\tprogressive\tdisease\tis\timportant\tfor\tthe\n\tunderstanding\tof\ttreatment\nchoices.\tAssisting\tindividuals\twith\tdiabetes\tto\tunderstand\tthe\tdisease\tprocess\talso\thelps\tthem\tto\nunderstand\tand\taccept\tchanges\tin\tme... | [
0.021508341655135155,
-0.023670149967074394,
0.006219297181814909,
0.0181147251278162,
-0.06526592373847961,
0.008581146597862244,
0.06827224791049957,
0.08122312277555466,
-0.011959237977862358,
0.051878951489925385,
0.056410156190395355,
0.004470791667699814,
-0.011062489822506905,
0.023... |
when\tthere\tis\tinsufficient\tinsulin\tavailable\tto\tmaintain\teuglycemia,\tand\tas\tinsulin\tdeficiency\nprogresses,\tmedications\tand\teventually\tinsulin\twill\tbe\trequired\tto\tachieve\tglycemic\n\tgoals.\nGlucose-lowering\tmedications\ttarget\tdifferent\taspects\tof\tthe\tpathogenesis\tof\tT2DM—insulin | [
-0.0073410626500844955,
-0.04866478964686394,
-0.04054824635386467,
0.03462750092148781,
-0.07315878570079803,
-0.00509618641808629,
0.10056415945291519,
0.09868855029344559,
-0.020531978458166122,
0.00697004608809948,
0.04665166884660721,
0.03229738771915436,
-0.014859084039926529,
0.0320... |
resistance\tat\tthe\tcellular\tlevel,\tincretin\tsystem\tdefects,\tendogenous\tinsulin\tdeficiency,\televated\nlevels\tof\tglucagon,\tand\texcessive\thepatic\tglucose\trelease.\tBecause\tthe\tmechanisms\tof\taction\tdiffer,\nthe\tmedications\tcan\tbe\tused\talone\tor\tin\tcombination.\t\nTable\t29.5\n\tlists\tthe\tgene... | [
-0.026801740750670433,
-0.05546870827674866,
0.0506196953356266,
-0.041912827640771866,
-0.09513355046510696,
-0.03379972279071808,
0.07361543923616409,
0.062259282916784286,
-0.017016472294926643,
0.05939478799700737,
0.10558519512414932,
-0.06197779253125191,
0.008777618408203125,
0.0690... |
Table\t29.5\n\tlists\tthe\tgeneric\tand\tbrand\tnames\nof\n\tglucose-lowering\tmedications\tand\ttheir\tprincipal\tsites\tof\taction\tfor\tpersons\twith\tT2DM.\t\nAppendix\n13\n\tlists\tthe\tnutrition\timplications\tof\tcommon\tdrugs.\nTABLE\t29.5\nGlucose-Lowering\tMedications\tfor\tType\t2\tDiabetes\nClass\nCompound(... | [
0.00011247786460444331,
-0.02403971739113331,
0.032686762511730194,
-0.02076055482029915,
-0.048058461397886276,
0.007098550442606211,
0.07203956693410873,
0.05923321470618248,
0.003286354709416628,
0.07495152205228806,
0.10146736353635788,
-0.02163517475128174,
0.019243206828832626,
0.024... |
Compound(s)\nMechanism(s)\nEffects/\tConsiderations\nBiguanides\nMetformin\n(Glucophage)\nMetformin\nExtended\nRelease\n(Glucophage\nXR)\nDecrease\thepatic\nglucose\nproduction\nLow\tcost,\tpotential\tASCVD\tbenefit,\ncontraindicated\tw/eGFR\t<30,\ngastrointestinal\tside\teffects\ncommon\t(nausea,\tdiarrhea),\npotentia... | [
0.030647439882159233,
-0.16492530703544617,
0.004726515617221594,
0.013812100514769554,
-0.05016372352838516,
-0.028590841218829155,
0.04193195700645447,
0.13225369155406952,
-0.06664364784955978,
0.024068238213658333,
0.05361506715416908,
0.00895758531987667,
0.04724402353167534,
0.023095... |
potential\tfor\tvitamin\tB\n12\n\tand\tfolate\ndeficiency\nSulfonylureas\t(2nd\ngeneration)\nGlipizide\t(Glucotrol)\nGlipizide\n(Glucotrol\nXL)\nGlyburide\n(Glynase\nPresTabs)\nGlimepiride\n(Amaryl)\nIncrease\tinsulin\nsecretion\nLow\tcost,\thypoglycemia,\tweight\tgain,\nglyburide\tnot\trecommended\twith\ndiabetic\tkid... | [
-0.0351133830845356,
-0.07763510942459106,
0.019026977941393852,
0.03106500208377838,
-0.014907198026776314,
0.005023044999688864,
0.06019090488553047,
0.1013130396604538,
-0.015547634102404118,
-0.0015960688469931483,
0.10245202481746674,
0.0018263916717842221,
-0.010391519404947758,
-0.0... |
diabetic\tkidney\tdisease,\tFDA\tspecial\nwarning\ton\tincreased\trisk\tof\ncardiovascular\tmortality\nMeglitinides\n(Glinides)\nRepaglinide\n(Prandin)\nNateglinide\n(Starlix)\nIncreases\tinsulin\nsecretion\nHypoglycemia\nThiazolidinediones\nPioglitazone\t(Actos)\nRosiglitazone\n(Avandia)\nIncreases\tinsulin\nsensitivi... | [
0.00948389433324337,
-0.06983131170272827,
-0.024368369951844215,
0.046418700367212296,
-0.10826770216226578,
-0.06746013462543488,
0.06420638412237167,
0.08846493810415268,
-0.047352731227874756,
0.06826816499233246,
-0.005260043311864138,
0.0028940835036337376,
-0.029108241200447083,
0.0... |
Increases\tinsulin\nsensitivity\nLow\tcost,\tweight\tgain,\tpotential\nASCVD\tbenefit\t(pioglitazone),\ngenerally\tnot\trecommended\tin\trenal\nimpairment,\tfluid\tretention\t(edema,\nheart\tfailure),\tFDA\tblack\tbox:\tMay\ncause\tor\tworsen\tcongestive\theart\nfailure,\tbenefit\tin\tNASH,\trisk\tof\nbone\tfractures,\... | [
-0.007603784557431936,
-0.12725013494491577,
0.025439459830522537,
-0.04020829126238823,
-0.11909826099872589,
-0.029316987842321396,
0.06867550313472748,
0.12743619084358215,
0.01639465242624283,
0.04880296066403389,
0.02767997235059738,
0.029309796169400215,
0.042756155133247375,
0.04687... |
bone\tfractures,\tbladder\tcancer\n(pioglitazone),\traises\tLDL\ncholesterol\t(rosiglitazone)\nGlucagon-like\npeptide-1\t(GLP-\n1)\treceptor\nagonists\nExenatide\t(Byetta)\nExenatide\nExtended\nRelease\n(Bydureon)\nLiraglutide\n(Victoza)\nAlbiglutide\n(Tanzeum)\nDulaglutide\n(Trulicity)\nIncreases\tglucose-\ndependent\... | [
-0.04315992817282677,
-0.08728450536727905,
-0.041431378573179245,
-0.008833719417452812,
-0.11108507215976715,
-0.014245987869799137,
0.021989941596984863,
0.07824013382196426,
0.007502268999814987,
0.06872571259737015,
0.026040872558951378,
-0.0009689952130429447,
-0.02513028308749199,
0... |
dependent\tinsulin\nsecretion\nSuppresses\nglucagon\nsecretion\n(glucose\ndependent)\nSlows\tgastric\nemptying\nIncreases\nsatiety/activates\nGLP-1\treceptors\nHigh\tcost,\tweight\tloss,\tbenefit\tASCVD\nand\tprogression\n\tof\tDKD\n(liraglutide),\tincreased\trisk\tof\tside\neffect\tin\tpatients\twith\trenal\nimpairmen... | [
-0.05575102940201759,
-0.07649089395999908,
-0.04544039070606232,
0.008294235914945602,
-0.08674143999814987,
0.004162506200373173,
0.057367514818906784,
0.0845564678311348,
-0.029019944369792938,
0.015569810755550861,
0.0880754217505455,
0.0020100711844861507,
-0.009514851495623589,
0.052... |
impairment,\tFDA\tblack\tbox:\tRisk\tof\nthyroid\tC-cell\ttumors,\ngastrointestinal\tside\teffects\ncommon\t(nausea,\tvomiting,\ndiarrhea),\tinjection\tsite\treactions,\nacute\tpancreatitis\trisk\nDipeptidyl\npeptidase-4\n(DPP-4)\ninhibitors\nSitagliptin\t(Januvia)\nSaxagliptin\n(Onglyza)\nLinagliptin\n(Tradjenta)\nAlo... | [
0.0016078887274488807,
-0.0870194137096405,
-0.02538188174366951,
0.04514382779598236,
-0.06201022118330002,
0.0375308059155941,
0.05862271040678024,
0.15034547448158264,
-0.04726404324173927,
0.05053890123963356,
-0.016657840460538864,
0.003878130344673991,
-0.015222067013382912,
0.019390... |
(Tradjenta)\nAlogliptin\n(Nesina)\nIncreases\tinsulin\nsecretion\t(glucose\ndependent)\tand\ndecreases\tglucagon\nsecretion\t(glucose\ndependent)/Inhibits\nDPP-4\tactivity,\nincreasing\npostprandial\tincretin\n(GLP-1,\tGIP)\nconcentrations\nHigh\tcost,\tCHF\tpotential\trisk\n(saxagliptin,\talogliptin),\tcan\tbe\tused\n... | [
-0.05167645215988159,
-0.0964013934135437,
-0.02825918234884739,
-0.018327239900827408,
-0.1032005175948143,
0.04121391475200653,
0.08183933794498444,
0.08956478536128998,
-0.0024609286338090897,
0.048649758100509644,
0.05870721489191055,
-0.02239220403134823,
-0.08124987781047821,
0.02971... |
in\trenal\timpairment,\tpotential\trisk\nof\tacute\tpancreatitis,\tjoint\tpain | [
0.042289141565561295,
-0.009942280128598213,
0.007770320400595665,
-0.04778238758444786,
-0.16525310277938843,
-0.012815196998417377,
0.09507988393306732,
0.06415580213069916,
0.035334814339876175,
0.03926324471831322,
0.12809620797634125,
-0.08848416060209274,
-0.006308592390269041,
0.051... |
Bile\tacid\nsequestrants\nColesevelam\n(Welchol)\nDecreases\thepatic\nglucose\tand\nincreases\tincretin\nlevels/Binds\tbile\nacids\tin\tintestinal\ntract,\tincreasing\nhepatic\tbile\tacid\nproduction\nDo\tnot\tuse\tif\thistory\tof\tbowel\nobstruction,\ttriglycerides\t>500,\nor\tpancreatitis.\tCan\tdecrease\nabsorption\... | [
0.0223089512437582,
-0.13041101396083832,
0.00872111227363348,
-0.029015742242336273,
-0.10022958368062973,
-0.044371284544467926,
0.06167008727788925,
0.10543537884950638,
-0.04254431277513504,
0.03931596875190735,
0.0760665163397789,
-0.004769951570779085,
0.028972888365387917,
0.0543124... |
vitamins.\nSide\teffects\tGI\tin\tnature\nDopamine-2\nagonists\nBromocriptine\nquick\trelease\tQR\n(Cycloset)\nModulates\thypothalamic\nregulation\tof\nmetabolism,\nincreases\tinsulin\nsensitivity/activates\ndopaminergic\nreceptors\nSide\teffects:\tnausea,\theadache,\nfatigue,\thypotension,\tsyncope,\nsomnolence\nAlpha... | [
-0.02334897592663765,
-0.08711650967597961,
0.016052406281232834,
-0.02830381505191326,
-0.046887341886758804,
0.10543734580278397,
0.07907727360725403,
0.07145419716835022,
-0.028269154950976372,
0.09897840768098831,
0.03755052760243416,
-0.04794478788971901,
0.04768984019756317,
0.024408... |
Alpha\tglucosidase\ninhibitors\nAcarbose\t(Precose)\nMiglitol\t(Glyset)\nInhibits\tintestinal\talpha\nglucosidase/slows\nintestinal\ncarbohydrate\ndigestion\tand\nabsorption\nDiarrhea,\tgas,\tand\tnausea\nIf\tmild\tto\tmoderate\thypoglycemia\noccurs\tin\tcombination\twith\nanother\tantidiabetic\tdrug\tsuch\nas\ta\tsulf... | [
-0.023863904178142548,
-0.06882178783416748,
0.003884906880557537,
0.012454952113330364,
-0.022793618962168694,
0.02464430034160614,
0.11389568448066711,
0.08279211074113846,
-0.04203789308667183,
0.06298121809959412,
0.05956526845693588,
0.0007772721000947058,
-0.0021082803141325712,
0.05... |
as\ta\tsulfonylurea\n\tor\tinsulin,\tthe\nhypoglycemia\tshould\tbe\ttreated\nwith\toral\tglucose\t(dextrose)\ninstead\tof\tsucrose\t(table\tsugar)\nbecause\tthe\tdrug\tblocks\tthe\ndigestion\tof\tsucrose\tto\tglucose.\nAmylin\tmimetics\nPramlintide\n(Symlin)\nDecreases\tglucagon\nsecretion,\tslows\ngastric\temptying,\n... | [
-0.050825085490942,
-0.1369616836309433,
-0.010824425145983696,
-0.016926219686865807,
-0.07820478081703186,
0.016971390694379807,
0.05108049884438515,
0.04224880039691925,
-0.013181602582335472,
0.0645880475640297,
0.10811828821897507,
0.019224509596824646,
0.0043745082803070545,
0.060034... |
gastric\temptying,\nincreases\nsatiety/activates\namylin\treceptors\nFDA\tblack\tbox:\tsevere\thypoglycemic\nrisk\t3\thours\tpost\tinjection,\tconsider\ndecreasing\n\tinsulin\tdose\twhen\nstarting.\tSide\teffects:\tnausea,\nweight\tloss\nSodium-glucose\ntransport\t2\ninhibitors\n(SGLT2)\nCanagliflozin\n(Invokana)\nDapa... | [
-0.0014404782559722662,
-0.10536576062440872,
-0.0497283972799778,
0.018542665988206863,
-0.02646532654762268,
0.016791565343737602,
0.06500966101884842,
0.07548584789037704,
-0.028204480186104774,
0.011882237158715725,
0.05415281653404236,
-0.05697140470147133,
-0.032676346600055695,
0.03... |
(Invokana)\nDapagliflozin\n(Farxiga)\nEmpagliflozin\n(Jardiance)\nBlocks\treabsorption\tof\nglucose\tin\tthe\nkidneys,\tincreasing\nglucosuria/SGLT2\ninhibition\tin\tthe\nproximal\tnephron\nHigh\tcost,\tweight\tloss,\tbenefits\nASCVD/CHF/progression\tof\tDKD\n(canagliflozin\tnot\t<45\teGFR,\nempagliflozin\n\tcontraindi... | [
-0.038509566336870193,
-0.0748661532998085,
-0.028695954009890556,
-0.015592007897794247,
-0.07670409232378006,
-0.04284604266285896,
0.013550030998885632,
0.09763714671134949,
-0.023880628868937492,
-0.01576438546180725,
0.059420693665742874,
-0.060234375298023224,
0.005021772347390652,
0... |
empagliflozin\n\tcontraindicated\twith\neGFR\t<30),\tFDA\tblack\tbox:\trisk\tof\namputation\t(canagliflozin),\trisk\tof\nbone\tfractures\t(canagliflozin),\tDKA\nrisk\t(rare\tin\tT2DM),\trisk\tof\tvolume\ndepletion/hypotension,\traises\tLDL\ncholesterol,\tgenitourinary\tinfections\nInsulins\nSee\t\nTable\t29.6\nIncrease... | [
-0.05767153576016426,
-0.09129031002521515,
-0.0249368604272604,
-0.0157155841588974,
-0.07952377200126648,
-0.02219386026263237,
0.009566807188093662,
0.15282322466373444,
-0.019977180287241936,
0.019687660038471222,
0.06489188224077225,
-0.030944589525461197,
-0.002613613149151206,
0.034... |
Increases\tglucose\ndisposal,\tdecreases\nhepatic\tglucose\nproduction,\nsuppresses\nketogenesis/activates\ninsulin\treceptors\nHuman\tinsulin-low\n\tcost,\tanalogs-high\ncost,\thypoglycemia\t(higher\trisk\twith\nhuman\tinsulin),\tweight\tgain,\tlower\ndose\trequired\twith\tdecreased\neGFR,\tinjection\tsite\treactions | [
0.005686970893293619,
-0.04804055020213127,
0.000247037474764511,
0.021740052849054337,
-0.09592293202877045,
0.028337568044662476,
0.07441146671772003,
0.10212791711091995,
-0.05182715132832527,
0.054636333137750626,
0.04324815422296524,
-0.002594210673123598,
0.011498133651912212,
-0.017... |
dose\trequired\twith\tdecreased\neGFR,\tinjection\tsite\treactions\nModified\tfrom\tAmerican\tDiabetes\tAssociation:\tPharmacologic\tapproaches\tto\tglycemic\ttreatment:\tStandards\tof\tmedical\tcare\tin\tdiabetes—2018,\nDiabetes\tCare\n\t41(S1):S77,\tS79-80,\t2018.\nBiguanides\nMetformin\tis\tthe\tmost\twidely\tused\t... | [
0.013951956294476986,
-0.10092595964670181,
-0.010259372182190418,
-0.054595861583948135,
-0.1049312874674797,
-0.025516720488667488,
0.07658615708351135,
0.11899644881486893,
-0.01264391653239727,
0.04918377846479416,
0.02533620223402977,
0.00021973987168166786,
-0.021494872868061066,
0.0... |
2\tmedication.\tIt\tsuppresses\thepatic\tglucose\nproduction,\tis\tnot\tassociated\twith\thypoglycemia,\tmay\tcause\tsmall\tweight\tlosses\twhen\ttherapy\nbegins,\tand\tis\trelatively\tinexpensive.\tThe\tmost\tcommon\tside\teffects\tare\tgastrointestinal\t(GI),\twhich\noften\tdisappear\twith\ttime.\tTo\tminimize\tthese... | [
0.017736179754137993,
-0.08083251118659973,
0.05566631257534027,
0.03885078802704811,
-0.0824384093284607,
-0.006508061196655035,
0.0865560844540596,
0.04021267965435982,
-0.020319102331995964,
0.04106352478265762,
0.0898166373372078,
-0.029858382418751717,
0.03459987789392471,
0.005076182... |
consumption\tand\tthe\tsmallest\tdose\t(500\tmg)\tgiven\ttwice\ta\tday\tfor\n\ta\tweek\tand\tgradually\tincreased\tto\nmaximum\tdoses.\tIf\tthat\tdoes\tnot\thelp,\tMetformin\tXR\t(or\textended\trelease)\tis\ta\tgood\talternative\tthat\ncan\thelp\tminimize\tGI\tside\teffects.\tThis\tshould\talso\tbe\ttaken\twith\tmeals\... | [
0.0051186359487473965,
-0.0029465530533343554,
0.03785739466547966,
0.022663814947009087,
-0.05703253298997879,
0.0112545695155859,
0.09646905213594437,
0.04132329672574997,
-0.027640553191304207,
0.03420480340719223,
0.11122223734855652,
-0.02254578471183777,
0.021485047414898872,
0.01045... |
Levy\tet\tal,\t2010\n).\tA\trare\tside\neffect\tof\tMetformin\tis\tsevere\tlactic\tacidosis,\twhich\tcan\tbe\tfatal.\tThe\tacidosis\tusually\toccurs\tin\npatients\twho\tuse\talcohol\texcessively,\thave\trenal\tdysfunction,\n\tor\thave\tliver\timpairments.\tMetformin\nmay\talso\tcause\ta\tdecrease\tin\tB\n12\n,\tso\tpat... | [
0.021358676254749298,
-0.07549203187227249,
0.06206333264708519,
-0.03329396992921829,
-0.13490980863571167,
-0.016841109842061996,
0.0802137553691864,
0.005558134987950325,
0.00156959961168468,
0.03735736384987831,
0.11356455087661743,
-0.01778961345553398,
0.038994867354631424,
0.0330647... |
ADA,\n2018\n).\nSulfonylureas\nThe\tsulfonylureas\t(glyburide\t[DiaBeta],\tglipizide\t[Glucotrol],\tglimepiride\t[Amaryl])\tare\tinsulin\nsecretagogues\tand\tpromote\tinsulin\tsecretion\tby\tthe\tbeta-cells\tof\tthe\tpancreas.\tFirst-\tand\tsecond-\ngeneration\tsulfonylurea\tdrugs\tdiffer\tfrom\tone\n\tanother\tin\tthe... | [
-0.05819595977663994,
-0.06016721948981285,
-0.017463676631450653,
0.034674838185310364,
-0.06317873299121857,
0.016774911433458328,
0.09614890068769455,
0.08132485300302505,
-0.004861353896558285,
0.025523433461785316,
0.06265993416309357,
-0.011043373495340347,
-0.06027818098664284,
0.00... |
another\tin\ttheir\tpotency,\tpharmacokinetics,\tand\nmetabolism.\tDisadvantages\tof\ttheir\tuse\tinclude\tweight\tgain,\tGI\tside\teffects—nausea,\tdiarrhea,\tand\nconstipation—and\tthe\tpotential\tto\tcause\thypoglycemia.\tThey\talso\thave\tthe\tadvantage\tof\tbeing\ninexpensive.\nThiazolidinediones\t(TZDs) | [
0.024088872596621513,
-0.07493654638528824,
0.033251963555812836,
0.04538334906101227,
-0.08002672344446182,
-0.017239321023225784,
0.1446443796157837,
0.09790296107530594,
-0.020071307197213173,
0.020581301301717758,
0.04020238667726517,
0.006103428080677986,
0.02594904787838459,
0.015914... |
inexpensive.\nThiazolidinediones\t(TZDs)\nThiazolidinediones\t(TZDs)\tor\tglitazones\t(pioglitazone\t[Actos]\tand\trosiglitazone\t[Avandia])\tdecrease | [
-0.014906794764101505,
0.030192529782652855,
-0.028518570587038994,
0.0013879536418244243,
-0.08120228350162506,
-0.05059307813644409,
0.09473200142383575,
0.1336401402950287,
0.03491741046309471,
0.08573877811431885,
0.05042564496397972,
-0.004516486544162035,
-0.05377383157610893,
0.0800... |
insulin\tresistance\n\tin\tperipheral\ttissues\tand\tthus\tenhance\tthe\tability\tof\tmuscle\tand\tfat\tcells\tto\ttake\tup\nglucose.\tTZDs\talso\thave\ta\tfavorable\teffect\ton\tlipids\tand\tdo\tnot\tindependently\tcause\thypoglycemia.\nAdverse\teffects\tinclude\tweight\tgain,\tfluid\tretention\tleading\tto\tedema\tan... | [
-0.025760143995285034,
-0.0655994862318039,
0.019701248034834862,
0.03588201105594635,
-0.07675576210021973,
-0.01476238016039133,
0.11847745627164841,
0.01966261863708496,
-0.05365711823105812,
0.017836587503552437,
0.050565868616104126,
-0.0012889276258647442,
0.026134124025702477,
0.004... |
increased\trisk\tof\tbone\tfractures.\nGlucagon-like\tpeptide-1\t(GLP-1)\treceptor\tagonists\nIncretins\n\tare\thormones\tmade\n\tby\tthe\tGI\ttract\tand\tinclude\tGLP-1.\tGLP-1\tis\treleased\tduring\tnutrient\nabsorption,\twhich\tincreases\tglucose-dependent\tinsulin\tsecretion,\tslows\tgastric\temptying,\tdecreases | [
-0.04499286413192749,
-0.07440336048603058,
-0.01688709668815136,
-0.007979030720889568,
-0.04059911519289017,
0.021774038672447205,
0.07305290549993515,
0.10225491970777512,
0.008803829550743103,
0.04400036111474037,
0.07812666893005371,
-0.03412950038909912,
-0.03768254071474075,
0.03166... |
glucagon\tproduction,\tand\tenhances\tsatiety.\tExenatide\t(Byetta)\tand\tliraglutide\t(Victoza)\tare\tsynthetic\ndrugs\tthat\thave\tmany\tof\tthe\tsame\tglucose-lowering\teffects\tas\tthe\tbody’s\tnaturally\toccurring\nincretin,\tGLP-1.\tA\tprimary\tbenefit\tis\n\tweight\tloss\t(liraglutide\thas\talso\tbeen\tapproved\... | [
-0.02590533345937729,
-0.026568036526441574,
0.04159891977906227,
0.04193369299173355,
-0.07177359610795975,
0.043866001069545746,
0.05555262044072151,
0.04634666442871094,
0.004141485318541527,
0.030134230852127075,
0.0693003386259079,
-0.021372908726334572,
-0.02415597438812256,
-0.02098... |
weight\tloss\t(liraglutide\thas\talso\tbeen\tapproved\tas\ta\tweight-loss\ndrug).\tTypically\texenatide\tis\tinjected\ttwice\ta\tday,\tat\tbreakfast\tand\tat\tthe\tevening\tmeal,\tand\nliraglutide\tis\tinjected\tonce\ta\tday,\tat\tany\ttime,\tindependent\tof\tmeals.\tThere\tare\tthree\tonce-weekly | [
-0.003665451891720295,
-0.007703267969191074,
0.06968063116073608,
0.05107623711228371,
-0.09828728437423706,
0.024365991353988647,
0.07893084734678268,
0.026195522397756577,
0.007907829247415066,
-0.023520568385720253,
0.06826621294021606,
-0.06981872767210007,
0.032018255442380905,
-0.01... |
injection\tGLP-1s:\texenatide\textended\t(Bydureon),\tdulaglutide\t(Trulicity),\tand\tsemaglutide\t(Ozempic).\nDipeptidyl\tpeptidase\t4\tinhibitors\n\t(DPP-4)\nGLP-1\tand\tglucose-dependent\tinsulinotropic\tpeptide\t(GIP),\tthe\tmain\tintestinal\tstimulants\tof\tinsulin\nare\trapidly\tdegraded\tby\tthe\tenzyme\tDPP-4.\... | [
-0.04896925762295723,
-0.022950593382120132,
0.010945691727101803,
-0.015510758385062218,
-0.09348472952842712,
-0.01067847665399313,
0.08090508729219437,
0.0786464512348175,
0.003913288004696369,
0.03741975128650665,
0.09202954173088074,
-0.02966395765542984,
0.007859902456402779,
0.02447... |
minutes.\tDPP-4\tinhibitors\tprolong\ttheir\thalf-lives.\tOral\tDPP-4\tinhibitors\tare\tsitagliptin\t(Januvia),\nsaxagliptin\t(Onglyza),\tlinagliptin\t(Tradjenta),\tand\talogliptin\t(Nesina).\tThey\thave\ta\n\tmodest\teffect\ton\nA1C;\thowever,\tadvantages\tinclude\tbeing\tweight\tneutral\tand\trelatively\twell\ttolera... | [
-0.016984723508358,
-0.04588765650987625,
0.04539782181382179,
-0.04020781069993973,
-0.1042870506644249,
0.08023194968700409,
0.07975104451179504,
0.040263403207063675,
0.023910585790872574,
0.0038911292795091867,
0.07065935432910919,
-0.05913655459880829,
-0.056338973343372345,
-0.009262... |
they\tdo\tnot\tcause\thypoglycemia\twhen\tused\tas\tmonotherapy.\nAlpha\tglucosidase\tinhibitors\nAcarbose\t(Precose)\tand\tmiglitol\t(Glyset)\tare\talpha-glucosidase\tinhibitors\tthat\twork\tin\tthe\tsmall\nintestine\tto\tinhibit\tenzymes\tthat\tdigest\tcarbohydrates,\tthereby\tdelaying\tcarbohydrate\tabsorption | [
-0.009952010586857796,
-0.0701126679778099,
0.0015178254107013345,
0.005768138915300369,
-0.08550625294446945,
0.01450043823570013,
0.08942785114049911,
0.04732336103916168,
-0.023045901209115982,
0.08219960331916809,
0.07473579049110413,
-0.04420467093586922,
0.008393540978431702,
0.01167... |
and\tlowering\tpostprandial\tglycemia.\tThey\tdo\tnot\tcause\thypoglycemia\tor\tweight\tgain\twhen\tused\nalone,\tbut\tthey\tcan\tfrequently\tcause\tflatulence,\tdiarrhea,\tcramping,\tor\tabdominal\tpain.\tSymptoms\nmay\tbe\talleviated\tby\tinitiating\ttherapy\tat\ta\tlow\tdose\tand\tgradually\tincreasing\tthe\tdose\tt... | [
-0.003539792727679014,
-0.057697732001543045,
0.030300267040729523,
0.014056517742574215,
-0.08114709705114365,
-0.009356638416647911,
0.06830481439828873,
0.070541612803936,
-0.04833110794425011,
0.04540621489286423,
0.07882016897201538,
0.010684913955628872,
0.0383734256029129,
0.0170327... |
therapeutic\tlevels.\nMeglitinides\t(glinides)\nThe\tmeglitinides\trepaglinide\t(Prandin)\tand\tnateglinide\t(Starlix)\tdiffer\n\tfrom\tthe\tsulfonylureas\tin\tthat\nthey\thave\tshort\tmetabolic\thalf-lives,\twhich\tresult\tin\tbrief\tepisodic\tstimulation\tof\tinsulin\tsecretion.\nThey\tare\tgiven\tbefore\tmeals,\tdec... | [
-0.022173795849084854,
-0.048284757882356644,
0.02319326438009739,
0.0129653075709939,
-0.09988434612751007,
-0.004246509168297052,
0.09197639673948288,
0.06921087205410004,
0.029541051015257835,
0.029639098793268204,
0.06551562249660492,
-0.010288373567163944,
0.019716517999768257,
0.0149... |
hypoglycemia.\tNateglinide\tonly\tworks\tin\tthe\tpresence\tof\tglucose\tand\tis\ta\tsomewhat\tless\tpotent\nsecretagogue.\tPossible\tweight\tgain\tis\tsimilar\tto\tsulfonylureas.\nSodium-glucose\n\ttransporter\t2\t(SGLT-2)\tinhibitors\nCanagliflozin\t(Invokana),\tdapagliflozin\t(Farxiga),\tempagliflozin\t(Jardiance),\... | [
-0.01715036854147911,
-0.05047581344842911,
-0.01848861388862133,
0.06990566104650497,
-0.033544931560754776,
0.0193439032882452,
0.04723133519291878,
0.08028695732355118,
-0.03563480079174042,
0.0430450476706028,
0.028751632198691368,
-0.08340194821357727,
-0.045104000717401505,
0.0506342... |
(Steglatro)\tare\tdrugs\tin\ta\tnew\tclass\tthat\ttarget\tblood\tglucose–lowering\taction\tin\tthe\tkidneys.\tSGLT-2\ninhibitors\tblock\ta\ttransporter\tprotein\tthat\treturns\tglucose\tto\tthe\tbloodstream\tafter\tit\tis\tfiltered\nthrough\tthe\tkidneys.\tBlocking\tthis\tprotein\tcauses\tmore\tglucose\tto\n\tbe\tflush... | [
-0.009044968523085117,
-0.031627342104911804,
0.07469458132982254,
-0.07143916934728622,
-0.1014992818236351,
0.02306874468922615,
0.08553928881883621,
0.05245841667056084,
0.002307683229446411,
0.03189677745103836,
0.07097668945789337,
-0.03443266451358795,
0.025034502148628235,
-0.010614... |
be\tflushed\tout\tin\tthe\turine.\tUsed\nindependently\tit\tdoes\tnot\tcause\thypoglycemia\tor\tweight\tgain.\nAmylin\tagonists\t(pramlintide)\nPramlintide\t(Symlin)\tis\ta\tsynthetic\tanalog\tof\tthe\thormone\t\namylin\n,\ta\thormone\tnormally\tcosecreted\nwith\tinsulin\tby\tthe\tbeta-cell\tin\tresponse\tto\tfood\ttha... | [
-0.012946815229952335,
-0.021257435902953148,
0.05807062238454819,
-0.009902408346533775,
-0.10630519688129425,
0.013608629815280437,
0.12590911984443665,
0.01743137650191784,
-0.013041035272181034,
0.09868516027927399,
0.11798292398452759,
-0.06353524327278137,
0.013546722941100597,
0.004... |
injected\tbefore\tmeals,\tslowing\tgastric\temptying\tand\tinhibiting\tglucagon\n\tproduction\tand\tresulting\tin\na\tdecrease\tin\tpostprandial\tglucose\texcursions,\twhich\tis\trelated\tto\ta\tdecrease\tin\tglucagon\tproduction\nfrom\tthe\tpancreatic\talpha\tcells.\tIt\tmust\tbe\tinjected\tseparately\tfrom\tinsulin.\... | [
0.014455611817538738,
-0.04953547939658165,
0.03541512042284012,
-0.03899110108613968,
-0.11960368603467941,
-0.003758227452635765,
0.09487895667552948,
0.03242209553718567,
-0.018741177394986153,
0.04779910668730736,
0.09871864318847656,
-0.025691695511341095,
0.039405807852745056,
0.0344... |
Insulin\nInsulin\tstrategies\tfor\tpersons\twith\tT2DM\tmay\tbegin\twith\tbasal\tinsulin\tat\tbedtime\tto\tsuppress\nnocturnal\thepatic\tglucose\tproduction\tand\tto\tnormalize\tfasting\tglucose\tlevels.\tGlucose-lowering\nmedications\tusually\tare\tcontinued\tduring\tthe\tday.\tThe\tnext\tstep\tis\tto\tadd\tone\tmealt... | [
-0.011582829058170319,
-0.08076775074005127,
0.023607809096574783,
0.005741508677601814,
-0.07580389082431793,
0.016857435926795006,
0.08784705400466919,
0.028683068230748177,
-0.009661656804382801,
0.0419686883687973,
0.0634329542517662,
0.0023415444884449244,
-0.033582814037799835,
0.026... |
insulin\twith\tthe\tbasal\tinsulin\tor\tuse\tof\tpremixed\tinsulin,\twhich\tis\ta\tcombination\tof\ttwo\tinsulins\tmixed\ntogether,\ttwice\tdaily.\tPremixed\tinsulin\tis\ttypically\ta\tcombination\tof\ta\tshort\tor\trapid-acting\tinsulin\nand\tan\tintermediate\tor\tlong-acting\tinsulin.\tIf\tA1C\tgoals\tare\tnot\tachie... | [
-0.02633790299296379,
-0.06478163599967957,
0.003915384877473116,
-0.015182927250862122,
-0.0924699455499649,
0.03250938281416893,
0.08640025556087494,
0.01709410734474659,
0.0002692501002456993,
0.05597437918186188,
0.06127437576651573,
-0.03258003666996956,
-0.03187773376703262,
0.038025... |
rapid-acting\ninsulin\tis\tused\tbefore\teach\tmeal.\tInsulin\tsecretagogues\tusually\tare\tstopped,\tbut\tother\tglucose-\nlowering\tagents\tmay\tbe\tcontinued.\nInsulin\thas\tthree\tcharacteristics:\tonset,\tpeak,\tand\tduration\t(\nTable\t29.6\n).\tU-100\tis\tthe\tconcentration | [
0.009437363594770432,
-0.1250976324081421,
0.04033751040697098,
-0.02614138089120388,
-0.12639862298965454,
0.03598935529589653,
0.08423573523759842,
0.016026077792048454,
-0.012547103688120842,
0.0521506741642952,
0.08998658508062363,
-0.04830918088555336,
-0.017344295978546143,
0.0249595... |
Table\t29.6\n).\tU-100\tis\tthe\tconcentration\nof\tinsulin\tused\tin\tthe\tUnited\tStates.\tThis\tmeans\tit\thas\t100\tunits\tof\tinsulin\tper\tmilliliter\tof\tfluid\t(100\nunits/mL).\tU-100\tsyringes\tdeliver\tU-100\tinsulin;\n\thowever,\tinsulin\tpens\tare\tnow\tbeing\tused\tmore\nfrequently\tas\tan\talternative\tto... | [
-0.015041394159197807,
-0.009730136953294277,
-0.0450369231402874,
-0.062239717692136765,
-0.1199563592672348,
-0.05471939966082573,
0.05294035002589226,
0.08506356179714203,
-0.03209614008665085,
0.035209111869335175,
0.05378459021449089,
-0.06510734558105469,
0.03243383765220642,
0.01876... |
is\tuseful\tin\tthe\ttreatment\tof\tinsulin-resistant\tpatients\twho\trequire\tdaily\tdoses\tmore\tthan\t200\tunits. | [
-0.024607280269265175,
-0.009399311617016792,
0.0058111646212637424,
-0.03057851828634739,
-0.0961168184876442,
0.04651036113500595,
0.1253623068332672,
0.05567631870508194,
-0.006657074671238661,
-0.012633582577109337,
0.0901922807097435,
-0.01849166303873062,
0.007020475342869759,
0.0845... |
TABLE\t29.6\nAction\tTimes\tof\tHuman\tInsulin\tPreparations\nType\tof\tInsulin\nOnset\tof\nAction\nPeak\nAction\nUsual\nEffective\nDuration\nMonitor\nEffect\nIn\nRapid-Acting\nInsulin\tlispro\n<0.25-0.5\thr\n0.5-2.5\thr\n3-6.5\thr\n1-2\thr\nInsulin\taspart\n<0.25\thr\n0.5-1.0\thr\n3-5\thr\n1-2\thr\nInsulin\tglulisine\... | [
-0.016198482364416122,
-0.06682872772216797,
-0.02511415258049965,
-0.053085390478372574,
-0.09460456669330597,
0.03888217359781265,
0.029940426349639893,
0.04975593090057373,
-0.007537064608186483,
0.08327142149209976,
0.04513490945100784,
-0.16207300126552582,
-0.02326975017786026,
0.044... |
1-1.5\thr\n3-5\thr\n1-2\thr\nInhaled\tinsulin\nShort-Acting\nHuman\tRegular\n0.5-1\thr\n2-3\thr\n3-6\thr\n4\thr\t(next\nmeal)\nIntermediate-Acting\tAnalogs\nHuman\tneutral\tprotamine\thagedorn\t(NPH)\n2-4\thr\n4-10\thr\n10-16\thr\n8-12\thr\nBasal\tInsulin\tAnalogs\nInsulin\tglargine\t(Lantus)\n2-4\thr\nPeakless\n20-24\... | [
-0.017318615689873695,
-0.03244596719741821,
0.008241849951446056,
-0.07912606745958328,
-0.11068706959486008,
0.016696691513061523,
0.051044706255197525,
0.08503656089305878,
-0.021151689812541008,
0.09978024661540985,
0.06978707760572433,
-0.07002764940261841,
0.018352292478084564,
0.064... |
10-12\thr\nInsulin\tdetemir\t(Levemir)\n0.8-2\thr\t(dose\ndependent)\nPeakless\n12-24\thr\t(dose\ndependent)\n10-12\thr\nDegludec\nPremixed\tInsulin\tProducts\n70/30\t(70%\tNPH,\t30%\tregular)\n0.5-1\thr\nDual\n10-16\thr\nHumalog\tMix\t(Lispro)\t75/25\t(75%\tneutral\nprotamine\tlispro\t[NPL],\t25%\tlispro)\n<0.25\thr\n... | [
0.005204962100833654,
-0.11824759095907211,
-0.034343551844358444,
-0.057372238487005234,
-0.05736565217375755,
-0.017747851088643074,
0.06020129472017288,
0.18026812374591827,
-0.02534741349518299,
0.04929850995540619,
0.06837467104196548,
0.0164333563297987,
0.03201357647776604,
0.101164... |
<0.25\thr\nDual\n10-16\thr\nHumalog\tMix\t(Lispro)\t50/50\t(50%\tprotamine\nlispro,\t50%\tlispro)\n<0.25\thr\nDual\n10-16\n\thr\nNovoLog\tMix\t70/30\t(70%\tneutral\tprotamine\naspart\t[NPA],\t30%\taspart)\n<0.25\thr\nDual\n15-18\thr\nData\tfrom\tAmerican\tDiabetes\tAssociation:\tPharmacologic\tapproaches\tto\tglycemic\... | [
-0.009741377085447311,
-0.07002454251050949,
-0.01610664650797844,
-0.0025379075668752193,
-0.05438533425331116,
-0.05720573291182518,
0.05188436806201935,
0.14492498338222504,
-0.04516376554965973,
0.03858400508761406,
-0.007922283373773098,
-0.03318186476826668,
-0.003379541914910078,
0.... |
Diabetes\tCare\n\t41(S1):S80,\t2018.\nRapid-acting\tinsulins\tinclude\tlispro\t(Humalog),\tinsulin\taspart\t(Novolog),\tand\tinsulin\tglulisine\n(Apidra)\tand\tare\tused\tas\tbolus\n\t(premeal\tor\tprandial)\tinsulins.\tThey\tare\tinsulin\tanalogs\tthat\tdiffer\nfrom\thuman\tinsulin\tin\tamino\tacid\tsequence\tbut\tbin... | [
-0.06662062555551529,
-0.04397917166352272,
-0.01210868451744318,
0.00017903395928442478,
-0.06136287748813629,
-0.0005236868746578693,
0.10344870388507843,
0.09792697429656982,
0.003977184183895588,
0.01333196647465229,
0.04734518378973007,
-0.002592564793303609,
-0.04166565090417862,
0.0... |
manner\tsimilar\tto\thuman\tinsulin.\tTo\tdetermine\tthe\taccuracy\tof\tthe\tdose,\tblood\tglucose\tchecking\tis\ndone\tbefore\tmeals\tand\t2\thours\tafter\tthe\tstart\tof\tthe\tmeals.\nRegular\tinsulin\tincludes\tshort-acting\tinsulin\twith\ta\tslower\tonset\tof\taction\n\tand\tlater\tactivity\tpeak. | [
0.04161931574344635,
-0.06699550151824951,
0.0880402997136116,
-0.03633211553096771,
-0.13759683072566986,
-0.010228733532130718,
0.0830387994647026,
0.0002182270836783573,
0.0002627323556225747,
0.08918823301792145,
0.06860900670289993,
-0.0447780005633831,
-0.020901193842291832,
0.045851... |
and\tlater\tactivity\tpeak.\nFor\tbest\tresults\tthe\tslow\tonset\tof\tregular\tinsulin\trequires\tit\tto\tbe\ttaken\t30\tto\t60\tminutes\tbefore\nmeals.\nNeutral\tprotamine\thagedorn\t(NPH)\tis\tthe\tonly\tavailable\tintermediate-acting\tinsulin\tand\tis\tcloudy\nin\tappearance.\tThis\ttype\tof\tinsulin\tcontains\tsub... | [
0.03556976094841957,
-0.08884380757808685,
0.04521569237112999,
-0.05938645824790001,
-0.11877480894327164,
0.005589222069829702,
0.08701576292514801,
0.007740600034594536,
0.012351649813354015,
0.06568142026662827,
0.07068966329097748,
-0.04123930633068085,
0.03208715841174126,
0.04752466... |
with\tan\teffective\tduration\tof\t10\tto\t16\thours.\nLong-acting\tinsulins\n\tinclude\tinsulin\tglargine\t(Lantus)\tand\tinsulin\tdetemir\t(Levemir).\tInsulin\nglargine\tis\tan\tinsulin\tanalog\tthat,\tbecause\tof\tits\tslow\tdissolution\tat\tthe\tinjection\tsite,\tresults\tin\ta\nrelatively\tconstant\tand\tpeakless\... | [
0.021336598321795464,
-0.02622094191610813,
0.03444961830973625,
-0.06980808079242706,
-0.11794158816337585,
-0.010983776301145554,
0.11515187472105026,
-0.04851667582988739,
0.01467171311378479,
0.042863547801971436,
0.06626662611961365,
-0.036129556596279144,
0.026010708883404732,
0.0530... |
with\tany\tother\tinsulin\tin\tthe\tsame\tsyringe\tbefore\tinjection\tand\tusually\tis\tgiven\tat\tbedtime.\tHowever,\nglargine\tcan\tbe\n\tgiven\tbefore\tany\tmeal.\tKeep\tin\tmind\tthat\tconsistency\tis\tkey,\tas\tthe\tdose\tmust\tbe\nadministered\tconsistently\tat\twhichever\ttime\tis\tchosen.\tBasal\tinsulin\tanalo... | [
0.023400045931339264,
-0.057109981775283813,
0.06761567294597626,
0.0010757114505395293,
-0.10928922891616821,
0.016801191493868828,
0.14354446530342102,
-0.028097210451960564,
0.017853086814284325,
0.04207005351781845,
0.08222175389528275,
-0.03832753747701645,
0.03343070670962334,
0.0130... |
hypoglycemia,\tespecially\tnocturnal\thypoglycemia.\nPremixed\tinsulins\tinclude\t70%\tNPH/30%\tregular,\t75%\tlispro\tprotamine\t(NPL\t[addition\tof\tneutral\nprotamine\tto\tlispro\tto\tcreate\tan\tintermediate-acting\tinsulin])/25%\tlispro,\n\t50%\tlispro\tprotamine\tand\n50%\tlispro,\tand\t70%\tprotamine\t(addition\... | [
-0.021854670718312263,
-0.062156129628419876,
-0.011105949990451336,
0.014017132110893726,
0.0036573379766196012,
0.01335332915186882,
0.121857650578022,
0.13112938404083252,
-0.023112326860427856,
0.04830681532621384,
0.04930056259036064,
-0.039734773337841034,
0.013135124929249287,
0.077... |
acting\tinsulin)/30%\taspart\t(\nADA,\t2018\n).\tPeople\tusing\tpremixed\tinsulins\tmust\teat\tat\tspecific\ttimes\nand\tbe\tconsistent\tin\tcarbohydrate\tintake\tto\tprevent\thypoglycemia.\nInsulin\tregimens\nAll\tpersons\twith\tT1DM\tand\tthose\twith\tT2DM\twho\tno\tlonger\tproduce\tadequate\tendogenous\tinsulin | [
-0.004894073586910963,
-0.0679236426949501,
0.046596817672252655,
-0.006423200014978647,
-0.11354468017816544,
0.04378364980220795,
0.09324106574058533,
0.07950770109891891,
-0.0300766509026289,
0.06098279356956482,
0.11134816706180573,
-0.038264162838459015,
-0.007123586256057024,
0.05252... |
need\treplacement\tof\tinsulin\tthat\tmimics\tnormal\tinsulin\taction.\tAfter\tindividuals\twithout\tdiabetes\teat,\ntheir\tplasma\tglucose\tand\tinsulin\tconcentrations\tincrease\trapidly,\tpeaking\tin\t30\tto\t60\tminutes,\tand\nreturn\tto\tbasal\tconcentrations\twithin\t2\tto\t3\thours.\tTo\tmimic\tthis,\trapid-acti... | [
-0.030293649062514305,
-0.06351806968450546,
0.026961248368024826,
-0.03891519829630852,
-0.10494770854711533,
0.01510394923388958,
0.08460366725921631,
0.03597041592001915,
-0.01247496623545885,
0.053148556500673294,
0.07105866074562073,
-0.05926946923136711,
0.0031929737888276577,
0.0095... |
insulin\tis\tgiven\tbefore\tmeals,\tand\tthis\tis\treferred\tto\tas\tbolus\tor\tmealtime\tinsulin.\nMealtime\tinsulin\n\tdoses\tare\tadjusted\tbased\ton\tthe\tamount\tof\tcarbohydrate\tin\tthe\tmeal.\tAn\tinsulin-\nto-carbohydrate\tratio\tcan\tbe\testablished\tfor\tan\tindividual\tthat\twill\tguide\tdecisions\ton\tthe\... | [
-0.006329897791147232,
-0.039881397038698196,
0.058547623455524445,
-0.0010134164476767182,
-0.09341096878051758,
0.028096964582800865,
0.12766587734222412,
-0.00849825143814087,
0.007886483334004879,
0.02203225903213024,
0.06621293723583221,
-0.03150671720504761,
-0.0146621810272336,
0.02... |
mealtime\tinsulin\tto\tinject\tbased\ton\tgrams\tof\tcarbohydrate\tconsumed.\tThe\t\nbasal\tor\tbackground\ninsulin\tdose\n\tis\tthat\tamount\tof\tinsulin\trequired\tin\tthe\tpostabsorptive\tstate\tto\trestrain\tendogenous\nglucose\toutput\tprimarily\n\tfrom\tthe\tliver,\twhich\thelps\tmaintain\tnormal\tglucose\tlevels... | [
0.023445675149559975,
-0.09293173253536224,
0.061418380588293076,
-0.03401109576225281,
-0.1097332313656807,
0.04998472332954407,
0.06576724350452423,
0.0006474131369031966,
0.009167010895907879,
0.02173696644604206,
0.08398521691560745,
-0.05068013444542885,
0.06335529685020447,
-0.006187... |
Basal\tinsulin\talso\tlimits\tlipolysis\tand\texcess\tflux\tof\tfree\tfatty\tacids\tto\tthe\tliver.\tLong-acting\tinsulins | [
0.012660618871450424,
-0.050974201411008835,
0.036994755268096924,
-0.003970734775066376,
-0.09630120545625687,
0.00880871806293726,
0.07522018998861313,
0.048391107469797134,
0.03397456556558609,
0.014074377715587616,
0.09048346430063248,
-0.02659127116203308,
-0.04996997117996216,
0.0381... |
are\tused\tfor\tbasal\tinsulin\t(\nFig.\t29.2\n).\nFIG.\t29.2\nTime\tactions\tof\tflexible\tinsulin\tregimens.\n\t\nSource:\n\t(Modified\tfrom\tKaufman\tFR,\teditor:\t\nMedical\tmanagement\tof\ntype\t1\tdiabetes,\n\ted\t6,\tAlexandria,\tVA,\t2012,\tAmerican\tDiabetes\tAssociation.)\nThese\tphysiologic\tinsulin\tregimen... | [
0.01977689191699028,
-0.04469682276248932,
0.04567182809114456,
-0.025737430900335312,
-0.10178467631340027,
0.0027817641384899616,
0.10078296065330505,
0.002938326448202133,
0.006027199327945709,
0.06395134329795837,
0.06800273805856705,
-0.016547609120607376,
0.04779444634914398,
0.00362... |
nonobese\tpersons\twith\tT1DM,\tthe\trequired\tinsulin\tdosage\tis\tabout\t0.5\tto\t1\tunit/kg\tof\tbody\tweight\nper\tday.\tAbout\t50%\tof\tthe\ttotal\tdaily\tinsulin\tdose\tis\tused\tto\tprovide\tfor\tbasal\tor\tbackground\tinsulin\nneeds.\tThe\tremainder\t(rapid-acting\tinsulin)\tis\tdivided\tamong\tthe\tmeals\teith... | [
0.005373590625822544,
-0.091483935713768,
0.0279266107827425,
-0.04378041252493858,
-0.13371728360652924,
0.0030847585294395685,
0.13018155097961426,
0.02789163589477539,
0.0031672988552600145,
0.07195591181516647,
0.10821744799613953,
-0.05870300531387329,
0.02100026048719883,
0.026294369... |
carbohydrate\tcontent\tor\tby\tgiving\tabout\t1\tto\t1.5\tunits\tof\tinsulin\tper\t10\tto\t15\tg\tof\tcarbohydrates\nconsumed\t(\ninsulin\tto\tcarbohydrate\tratio\n).\tAs\ta\tresult\tof\tthe\tpresence\tin\tthe\tmorning\tof\thigher\nlevels\tof\tcounterregulatory\thormones,\tmany\tindividuals\tmay\trequire\tlarger\tdoses... | [
0.0010205463040620089,
-0.07519704848527908,
0.04005875810980797,
-0.011738169938325882,
-0.10200165212154388,
0.020502803847193718,
0.08237683773040771,
-0.009192464873194695,
0.021898159757256508,
0.032649021595716476,
0.06915989518165588,
-0.03727197274565697,
0.02010314352810383,
0.001... |
for\tcarbohydrates\tconsumed\tat\tbreakfast\tthan\tmeals\tlater\tin\tthe\tday.\tPersons\twith\tT2DM\tmay\nrequire\tinsulin\tdoses\tin\tthe\trange\tof\t0.5\tto\t1.2\tunits/kg\tof\tbody\tweight\tdaily.\tLarge\tdoses,\teven\tmore\nthan\t1.5\tunits/kg\tof\tbody\tweight\tdaily,\tmay\tbe\trequired\tat\tleast\tinitially\tto\t... | [
-0.02795841172337532,
-0.04454692825675011,
0.024941319599747658,
0.0007656688685528934,
-0.12764747440814972,
0.011218354105949402,
0.11762500554323196,
0.004756858106702566,
-0.03664988651871681,
0.05040552467107773,
0.08766698092222214,
-0.07815112173557281,
0.03350857272744179,
0.00088... |
insulin\n\tresistance.\tThe\ttype\tand\ttiming\tof\tinsulin\tregimens\tshould\tbe\tindividualized,\tbased\ton\teating\nand\texercise\thabits\tand\tblood\tglucose\tconcentrations.\nInsulin\tregimens:\tContinuous\tsustained\tinsulin\tinfusion\t(csii)\tor\tinsulin\tpump\ttherapy\nThe\tinsulin\t(usually\ta\trapid-acting\ti... | [
-0.026895657181739807,
-0.08928374201059341,
-0.01262709405273199,
0.001723719178698957,
-0.14933176338672638,
-0.016386793926358223,
0.13062983751296997,
0.0364433154463768,
-0.036495141685009,
0.027490831911563873,
0.04701133072376251,
0.007434350438416004,
-0.018522197380661964,
0.05257... |
amounts\tthrough\ta\tsubcutaneous\tcatheter\t(\nFig.\t29.3\n).\tThe\n\tpump\tdelivers\tinsulin\tin\ttwo\tways:\tin\ta\nsteady,\tmeasured,\tand\tcontinuous\tdose\t(basal\tinsulin)\tand\tas\ta\tsurge\t(bolus)\tdose\tbefore\tmeals.\nFIG.\t29.3\nA\tchild\tis\twearing\tan\tinsulin\tpump.\n\t\nSource:\n\t(From\t\t\nwww.istoc... | [
-0.004958231933414936,
-0.01000448688864708,
0.05233136937022209,
-0.013561809435486794,
-0.06813406199216843,
-0.015044881962239742,
0.1240660771727562,
0.058588672429323196,
-0.002885106485337019,
-0.0015044331084936857,
0.12403169274330139,
-0.05016423016786575,
0.014317413792014122,
0.... |
Source:\n\t(From\t\t\nwww.istockphoto.com\n.)\nThe\tindividual\talso\tshould\tbe\teducated\tabout\tcarbohydrate\tcounting/estimation.\tMealtime\tboluses\nare\tdependent\ton\tcarbohydrate\tintake\tas\twell\tas\tcircadian\tvariation\tin\tinsulin\tsensitivity,\tcurrent\nblood\tglucose\tlevels,\tand\tplanned\tphysical\tact... | [
-0.03392346575856209,
-0.04923678934574127,
0.06465474516153336,
0.005623373202979565,
-0.05176391825079918,
-0.013386729173362255,
0.05433154106140137,
0.017743654549121857,
0.048807866871356964,
0.0012867063051089644,
0.08539867401123047,
-0.050554368644952774,
0.07104608416557312,
0.020... |
diabetes\tcare\n\tproviders\tknowledgeable\tin\tthe\tuse\tof\tCSII\tis\trecommended\tto\toptimize\tglycemic\ncontrol\tlong\tterm.\tAlthough\tthere\tis\tan\tinitial\tlearning\tcurve,\tinsulin\tpump\ttherapy\tprovides\tmany | [
-0.0034498977474868298,
-0.03313799202442169,
0.024704622104763985,
0.06140941381454468,
-0.07078444212675095,
0.042037904262542725,
0.1574392020702362,
0.04282698780298233,
-0.044220589101314545,
0.023449771106243134,
0.03757413849234581,
-0.026815349236130714,
-0.036254238337278366,
-0.0... |
benefits,\tincluding\teliminating\tthe\tneed\tfor\tindividual\tinsulin\tinjections.\tUsing\tan\tinsulin\tpump\tmay\nalso\tresult\tin\tfewer\tlarge\tswings\tin\tblood\tglucose\tlevels\tas\twell\tas\tallow\tusers\tto\tbe\tmore\tflexible\nabout\twhen\tand\twhat\n\tthey\teat.\nSelf-management\teducation | [
-0.011654742993414402,
0.03682912141084671,
0.05202431604266167,
0.00039729493437334895,
-0.049843497574329376,
0.04496033862233162,
0.10183688253164291,
-0.0005700691835954785,
-0.06797207146883011,
0.030812645331025124,
0.07806704193353653,
0.029028039425611496,
-0.04776713624596596,
0.0... |
about\twhen\tand\twhat\n\tthey\teat.\nSelf-management\teducation\nDiabetes\tmanagement\tis\ta\tteam\teffort.\tPersons\twith\tdiabetes\tmust\tbe\tat\tthe\tcenter\tof\tthe\tteam\nbecause\tthey\thave\tthe\tresponsibility\tfor\tday-to-day\tmanagement.\tRDNs,\tnurses,\tphysicians,\tand\nother\thealth\tcare\tproviders\tcontr... | [
0.028024090453982353,
0.009214340709149837,
0.03034454956650734,
0.00988646037876606,
-0.03564919903874397,
-0.011336023919284344,
0.12193881720304489,
-0.03221765533089638,
-0.04059197008609772,
0.04120249301195145,
0.07136756926774979,
0.01146971620619297,
0.013103898614645004,
-0.000705... |
the\tperson\twith\tdiabetes\tachieve\tthe\tbest\tmetabolic\tcontrol\tpossible.\n\tThe\tgoal\tis\tto\tprovide\tpatients\nwith\tthe\tknowledge,\tskills,\tand\tmotivation\tto\tincorporate\tself-management\tinto\ttheir\tdaily\tlifestyles.\nThe\tAND\tEBNPG\trecommends\tthat\tindividuals\twith\tdiabetes\tbe\treferred\tfor\tM... | [
-0.0060738190077245235,
-0.009578988887369633,
0.06238896772265434,
-0.013866974972188473,
-0.10752692073583603,
0.004771076142787933,
0.13496991991996765,
0.00015544942289125174,
0.017724188044667244,
0.017843319103121758,
0.1256466507911682,
0.010582933202385902,
0.02230101265013218,
0.0... |
diagnosis\tof\tdiabetes.\tMNT\tis\tto\tbe\tprovided\tby\tan\tRDN\tin\tan\tinitial\tseries\tof\tthree\tto\tfour\nencounters,\teach\tlasting\t45\tto\t90\tminutes.\tThis\tseries\tshould\tbe\tcompleted\twithin\n\t3\tto\t6\tmonths,\tand\nthe\tRDN\tshould\tdetermine\twhether\tadditional\tencounters\tare\tneeded\tafter\tthe\t... | [
-0.021990438923239708,
-0.04318704083561897,
0.05189277604222298,
-0.0333859883248806,
-0.07925890386104584,
0.017193082720041275,
0.07632490247488022,
0.041039057075977325,
-0.018783725798130035,
0.013522076420485973,
0.09993577748537064,
-0.008311278186738491,
0.04751451313495636,
0.0563... |
on\tthe\tnutrition\tassessment\tof\tlearning\tneeds\tand\tprogress\ttoward\tdesired\toutcomes.\tAt\tleast\tone\nfollow-up\tencounter\tis\trecommended\tannually\tto\treinforce\tlifestyle\tchanges\tand\tto\tevaluate\tand\nmonitor\toutcomes\tthat\taffect\tthe\tneed\tfor\tchanges\tin\tMNT\tor\tmedication(s).\tThe\tRDN\tsho... | [
0.0077899545431137085,
-0.046139102429151535,
0.028655387461185455,
-0.03824836388230324,
-0.08005702495574951,
0.03358982875943184,
0.12144873291254044,
-0.037935372442007065,
0.022980306297540665,
0.04460376873612404,
0.0811106339097023,
0.015130453743040562,
0.0600595623254776,
-0.00440... |
again\ndetermine\twhether\tadditional\tMNT\tencounters\tare\tneeded.\tAlthough\tglycemic\tcontrol\tis\tthe\tprimary\nfocus\tfor\tdiabetes\tmanagement,\tcardioprotective\tnutrition\tinterventions\tfor\tthe\tprevention\tand\ntreatment\tof\tCVD\talso\tshould\tbe\timplemented\tin\tthe\tinitial\tseries\tof\tencounters\t(\nA... | [
0.002760261995717883,
-0.027558283880352974,
0.04441853240132332,
-0.012835958041250706,
-0.058164581656455994,
0.07349216938018799,
0.1417461633682251,
0.027102667838335037,
0.014364296570420265,
0.06311502307653427,
0.11862511932849884,
-0.030822180211544037,
0.06369966268539429,
0.04475... |
AND,\t2008a\n;\t\nFranz\net\tal,\t2010\n).\nDietitians\tcan\tdemonstrate\ttheir\tspecialized\tdiabetes\tknowledge\tby\tobtaining\tcertification\n\tbeyond\nthe\tRDN\tcredential.\tTwo\tdiabetes\tcare\tcertifications\tavailable\tto\tregistered\tdietitians\t(RDs)\tare\tthe\nCDE,\ta\tspecialty\tcertification,\tand\tboard\tc... | [
-0.038664959371089935,
-0.027938030660152435,
0.024280373007059097,
-0.02617872878909111,
-0.10854664444923401,
-0.001074756495654583,
0.07234359532594681,
0.016002105548977852,
-0.01011430099606514,
0.025514977052807808,
0.09959104657173157,
-0.04037850350141525,
0.021386785432696342,
0.0... |
advanced\tpractice\tcertification.\nMonitoring\nThe\thealth\tcare\tteam,\tincluding\tthe\tindividual\twith\tdiabetes,\tshould\twork\ttogether\tto\timplement\nblood\tglucose\tmonitoring\tand\testablish\tindividual\n\ttarget\tblood\tglucose\tgoals\t(see\t\nTable\t29.4\n).\nSeveral\tmethods\tare\tavailable\tto\tassess\tth... | [
0.02885815128684044,
-0.03132300451397896,
0.0877855196595192,
-0.00033875147346407175,
-0.12450471520423889,
-0.019931484013795853,
0.07764507830142975,
-0.007718257140368223,
-0.0052805617451667786,
0.06707662343978882,
0.10834702849388123,
-0.015452525578439236,
0.018303534016013145,
0.... |
glycemic\tcontrol:\tSMBG\tor\t\ncontinuous\tglucose\tmonitoring\t(CGM)\n\tof\tinterstitial\tglucose\tand\nA1C.\tSMBG\tis\tused\ton\ta\tday-to-day\tbasis\tto\tmanage\tdiabetes\teffectively\tand\tsafely;\thowever,\nmeasurement\tof\tA1C\tlevels\tprovides\tthe\tbest\tavailable\tindex\tof\toverall\tdiabetes\n\tcontrol.\nSel... | [
-0.0488891638815403,
-0.0714818686246872,
0.02759280987083912,
0.01877356320619583,
-0.06244669109582901,
-0.028095200657844543,
0.11578835546970367,
0.06415652483701706,
-0.0309777669608593,
0.020940598100423813,
0.060024600476026535,
-0.014841864816844463,
0.035925574600696564,
-0.002459... |
control.\nSelf-monitoring\tof\tblood\tglucose\t(SMBG)\nThe\tADA\trecommendations\tstate\tthat\tpersons\ton\tmultiple-dose\tinsulin\t(MDI)\tor\tinsulin\tpump\ntherapy\tshould\tdo\tSMBG\tbefore\tmeals\tand\tsnacks,\toccasionally\tpostprandially\tat\tbedtime,\tbefore\nexercise,\twhen\tthey\tsuspect\tlow\tblood\tglucose,\t... | [
-0.013446295633912086,
-0.055223770439624786,
0.026833582669496536,
-0.04826735705137253,
-0.0961788147687912,
0.027035200968384743,
0.1147376224398613,
0.03995901718735695,
-0.00871828943490982,
0.05454552546143532,
0.08544357866048813,
-0.018723733723163605,
0.05317063629627228,
0.027044... |
normoglycemic,\tand\tbefore\tcritical\ttasks\tsuch\tas\tdriving.\tFor\tpeople\n\tusing\tless-frequent\tinsulin\ninjections\tor\tnoninsulin\ttherapies,\tSMBG\tresults\tmay\tbe\thelpful\tto\tguide\ttreatment\tdecisions\t(\nADA,\n2018\n).\nThe\tAND\tEBNPG\tfor\tdiabetes\treviewed\tthe\tevidence\ton\tglucose\tmonitoring\ta... | [
0.026888195425271988,
-0.0313330739736557,
0.07094272971153259,
0.013748135417699814,
-0.07991788536310196,
-0.0004385864594951272,
0.10490197688341141,
0.011671967804431915,
-0.017240451648831367,
0.06055990979075432,
0.11443865299224854,
-0.010092051699757576,
0.016810521483421326,
0.033... |
that\tfor\tpersons\twith\tT1DM\tor\tT2DM\ton\tinsulin\ttherapy,\tat\tleast\tthree\tto\tfour\tglucose\ttests\tper\tday\nare\tneeded\tto\tdetermine\tthe\taccuracy\tof\tthe\tinsulin\tdose(s)\tand\tto\tguide\tadjustments\n\tin\tinsulin\ndose(s),\tfood\tintake,\tand\tphysical\tactivity.\tOnce\testablished\tsome\tinsulin\tre... | [
0.021755920723080635,
-0.05035300552845001,
0.04364848509430885,
-0.040750522166490555,
-0.12406868487596512,
-0.025462206453084946,
0.11795343458652496,
0.0034867259673774242,
0.005364794284105301,
0.06876568496227264,
0.11076236516237259,
-0.03418914973735809,
0.05858910456299782,
0.0269... |
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