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includes\tlow-fat\tdairy\tproducts,\tpoultry,\tfish,\tlegumes,\tnontropical\tvegetable\toils\tand\tnuts;\nand\tlimits\tintake\tof\tsweets,\tsugar-sweetened\n\tbeverages,\tand\tred\tmeats. | [
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a.\n\tAdapt\tthis\tdietary\tpattern\tto\tappropriate\tcalorie\trequirements,\tpersonal\tand\tcultural\nfood\tpreferences,\tand\tnutrition\ttherapy\tfor\tother\tmedical\tconditions\t(including\ndiabetes\tmellitus).\nb.\n\tAchieve\tthis\tpattern\tby\tfollowing\tplans\tsuch\tas\tthe\tDASH\tdietary\tpattern,\tthe\tUSDA\nFo... | [
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Food\tPattern,\tor\tthe\tAHA\tDiet.\n2.\t\nAim\tfor\ta\tdietary\tpattern\tthat\tachieves\t5%-6%\tof\tcalories\n\tfrom\tsaturated\tfat.\n3.\t\nReduce\tpercent\tof\tcalories\tfrom\tsaturated\tfat.\n4.\t\nReduce\tpercent\tof\tcalories\tfrom\ttrans\tfat.\nBlood\tpressure\nAdvise\tadults\twho\twould\tbenefit\tfrom\tblood\tp... | [
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Advise\tadults\twho\twould\tbenefit\tfrom\tblood\tpressure\tlowering\tto\n1.\t\nConsume\ta\tdietary\tpattern\tthat\temphasizes\tintake\tof\tvegetables,\tfruits,\tand\twhole\tgrains;\nincludes\tlow-fat\tdairy\tproducts,\tpoultry,\tfish,\tlegumes,\tnontropical\tvegetable\toils\tand\tnuts;\nand\tlimits\n\tintake\tof\tswee... | [
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intake\tof\tsweets,\tsugar-sweetened\tbeverages,\tand\tred\tmeats.\na.\n\tAdapt\tthis\tdietary\tpattern\tto\tappropriate\tcalorie\trequirements,\tpersonal\tand\tcultural\nfood\tpreferences,\tand\tnutrition\ttherapy\tfor\tother\tmedical\tconditions\t(including\ndiabetes\tmellitus).\nb.\n\tAchieve\tthis\tpattern\tby\tfol... | [
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Food\tPattern,\tor\tthe\tAHA\tDiet.\n2.\t\nLower\tsodium\tintake.\n3.\t\na.\tConsume\tno\tmore\tthan\t2400\tmg\tof\tsodium/day.\nb.\n\tFurther\treduction\tof\tsodium\tintake\tto\t1500\tmg/day\tis\tdesirable\tbecause\tit\tis\nassociated\twith\teven\tgreater\treduction\tin\tblood\tpressure.\nc.\n\tReduce\tintake\tby\tat\... | [
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without\tmeeting\tthe\tdesired\tdaily\tsodium\tgoal.\n4.\t\nCombine\tthe\tDASH\tdietary\tpattern\twith\tlower\tsodium\tintake.\nPhysical\n\tactivity\nLipids\nIn\tgeneral,\tadvise\tadults\tto\tengage\tin\taerobic\tphysical\tactivity\tto\treduce\tLDL–C\tand\tnon-HDL–C:\n3-4\tsessions\ta\tweek,\tlasting\ton\taverage\t40\t... | [
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vigorous-intensity\tphysical\tactivity.\nBlood\tpressure\nIn\tgeneral,\tadvise\tadults\tto\tengage\tin\taerobic\tphysical\tactivity\tto\tlower\tblood\tpressure:\t3-4\nsessions\ta\tweek,\tlasting\ton\taverage\t40\tminutes\n\tper\tsession,\tand\tinvolving\tmoderate-to-vigorous-\nintensity\tphysical\tactivity. | [
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intensity\tphysical\tactivity.\nEckel\tRH,\tJakicic\tJM,\tArd\tJD,\tet\tal.\t2013\tAHA/ACC\tguideline\ton\tlifestyle\tmanagement\tto\treduce\ncardiovascular\trisk:\tA\treport\tof\tthe\tAmerican\tCollege\tof\tCardiology\t/American\tHeart\tAssociation\tTask\nForce\ton\tPractice\tGuidelines.\tCirculation\t129:\tS76-S99,\t... | [
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Diet\nThe\timportance\tof\tdiet\tand\tnutrition\tin\tmodifying\n\tthe\trisk\tof\tCVD\thas\tbeen\tknown\tfor\tsome\ttime.\nHowever,\tin\tgeneral,\tindividual\tdietary\tcomponents\thave\tbeen\tthe\tpredominant\tfocus.\tBecause\tfoods\nare\tconsumed\ttypically\tin\tcombinations\trather\tthan\tindividually\tand\tbecause\to... | [
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synergist\trelationships\tbetween\tnutrients,\tthere\thas\tbeen\tincreasing\tattention\tto\tdietary\tpatterns\nand\ttheir\trelationship\tto\thealth\toutcomes\tsuch\tas\tCVD.\nThe\tmediterranean\tdiet\nThere\tis\tno\tuniform\tdefinition\tof\tthe\t\nMediterranean\tdiet\t(MeD)\n\tin\tthe\tpublished\tstudies,\twhich | [
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Mediterranean\tdiet\t(MeD)\n\tin\tthe\tpublished\tstudies,\twhich\nmakes\tit\tdifficult\tto\tpool\tdata.\tThere\tare\tcommon\tfeatures\tof\tthe\tdiet,\tsuch\tas\tgreater\tnumber\tof\nservings\tof\tfruits\tand\tvegetables\t(mostly\tfresh)\twith\tan\temphasis\ton\troot\tvegetables\tand\tgreens,\nwhole\tgrains,\tfatty\tfi... | [
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with\tan\nemphasis\ton\tlean\tmeats,\tlower\tfat\tdairy\tproducts,\tabundant\tnuts\tand\tlegumes,\tand\tuse\tof\tolive\toil,\ncanola\toil,\tnut\toil,\tor\tmargarine\tblended\twith\trapeseed\toil\tor\tflaxseed\toil\t(see\t\nAppendix\t23\n).\tThe\nMeD\tdietary\tpatterns\tthat\thave\tbeen\tstudied\twere\tmoderate\tin\ttot... | [
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in\tsaturated\tfat\t(9%\tto\t10%),\thigh\tin\tpolyunsaturated\tfatty\tacids\t(especially\tomega-3),\tand\n\thigh\tin\nfiber\t(27\tto\t37\tg\tper\tday).\tThe\tPrevención\tcon\tDieta\tMediterránea\t(PREDIMED)\ttrial\twas\ta\nrandomized\tcontrolled\ttrial\t(RCT)\tlooking\tat\tthe\teffect\tof\ta\tMeD\ton\tCVD\toutcomes.\tT... | [
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randomized\tto\tthe\tMeD\thad\ta\t30%\treduced\trisk\tof\tCVD\tevents\t(\nEstruch\tet\tal,\t2013\n).\nThe\tdietary\tapproaches\tto\tstop\thypertension\t(DASH)\tdiet\nThe\tDASH\tdietary\tpattern\tis\thigh\tin\tfruits\tand\tvegetables,\tlow-fat\n\tdairy\tproducts,\twhole\tgrains,\tfish,\nand\tnuts\tand\tlow\tin\tanimal\t... | [
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Macronutrient\tIntake\tTrial\tfor\tHeart\tHealth\t(OmniHeart)\ttrial,\tone\tthat\treplaced\t10%\tof\ttotal\tdaily\nenergy\tfrom\tcarbohydrate\twith\tprotein;\tthe\tother\tthat\treplaced\tthe\tsame\tamount\tof\tcarbohydrate\nwith\tunsaturated\tfat.\tThe\tformer\tshowed\tbetter\tresults\tthan\tthe\tlatter\n\tin\tlowering... | [
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in\tlowering\tCVD\trisk\t(\nSwain\net\tal,\t2008\n;\tsee\t\nAppendix\t17\n).\tThe\t2013\tACC/AHA\tlifestyle\tguidelines\trecommend\tthe\tDASH\tdiet\tas\nbest\tfor\tprevention\tof\tCVD,\tbut\talso\tsuggest\tthat\ta\tMeD\tpattern\tis\tcardioprotective.\nVegan\tdiet\nA\tvegan\tdiet\tis\ta\tstrict\tvegetarian\tdiet\tthat\t... | [
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Appendix\t30\n).\tThere\tis\tongoing\tresearch\tto\tsuggest\tonly\tthis\ttype\tof\tvery\n\trestricted\tdiet\tcan\tactually\nreverse\tASCVD\t(\nEsselstyn\tand\tGoulubic´,\t2014\n;\t\nTuso,\t2015\n).\nPhysical\tinactivity\nPhysical\tinactivity\tand\ta\tlow\tlevel\tof\tfitness\tare\tindependent\trisk\tfactors\tfor\tASCVD.... | [
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is\tassociated\twith\tASCVD,\tindependent\tof\tthe\tcommon\tcardiometabolic\trisk\tfactors\tof\tobesity,\tserum\nlipids,\tserum\tglucose,\tand\thypertension,\tin\tmen\tand\twomen.\tWith\tthe\thigh\tprevalence\n\tof\tobesity,\nphysical\tactivity\tis\ta\thigh\tpriority.\tPhysical\tactivity\tlessens\tASCVD\trisk\tby\tredu... | [
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increasing\tvascularity\tof\tthe\tmyocardium,\tincreasing\tfibrinolysis,\tincreasing\tHDL\tcholesterol,\nimproving\tglucose\ttolerance\tand\tinsulin\tsensitivity,\taiding\tin\tweight\tmanagement,\tand\treducing\nblood\tpressure.\nThe\tmost\trecent\tAHA\trecommendations\tfor\texercise\tfor\tadults\tare\tthe\tfollowing:\... | [
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•\t\nGet\tat\tleast\t150\tminutes\tper\tweek\tof\tmoderate-intensity\taerobic\tactivity\tor\t75\tminutes\tper\nweek\tof\tvigorous\taerobic\tactivity,\tor\ta\tcombination\tof\tboth,\tpreferably\tspread\tthroughout\nthe\tweek.\n•\t\nAdd\tmoderate-\tto\thigh-intensity\tmuscle-strengthening\tactivity\t(such\tas\tresistance... | [
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weights)\ton\tat\tleast\t2\tdays\tper\tweek.\n•\t\nSpend\tless\ttime\tsitting.\tEven\tlight-intensity\tactivity\tcan\toffset\tsome\n\tof\tthe\trisks\tof\tbeing\nsedentary.\n•\t\nGain\teven\tmore\tbenefits\tby\tbeing\tactive\tat\tleast\t300\tminutes\t(5\thours)\tper\tweek.\n•\t\nIncrease\tamount\tand\tintensity\tgradual... | [
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The\tAHA\trecommendations\tfor\tchildren\tare\tthe\tfollowing:\n•\t\nChildren\t3\tto\t5\tyears\told\tshould\tbe\tphysically\tactive\tand\thave\tplenty\tof\topportunities\tto\nmove\tthroughout\tthe\tday.\n•\t\nKids\t6\tto\t17\tyears\told\tshould\tget\tat\tleast\n\t60\tminutes\tper\tday\tof\tmoderate-\tto\tvigorous-\nint... | [
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intensity\tphysical\tactivity,\tmostly\taerobic.\n•\t\nInclude\tvigorous-intensity\tactivity\ton\tat\tleast\t3\tdays\tper\tweek.\n•\t\nInclude\tmuscle-\tand\tbone-strengthening\t(weight-bearing)\tactivities\ton\tat\tleast\t3\tdays\tper\nweek.\n•\t\nIncrease\tamount\tand\tintensity\tgradually\tover\ttime.\nStress | [
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week.\n•\t\nIncrease\tamount\tand\tintensity\tgradually\tover\ttime.\nStress\nStress\tactivates\ta\tneurohormonal\tresponse\tin\tthe\tbody\tthat\tresults\tin\tincreased\n\theart\trate,\tblood\npressure,\tand\tcardiac\texcitability.\tThe\tstress\thormone\tangiotensin\tII\tis\treleased\tafter\tstimulation\tof | [
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the\tsympathetic\tnervous\tsystem\t(SNS);\texogenous\tinfusion\tof\tangiotensin\tII\taccelerates\tthe\nformation\tof\tplaque.\tThe\tINTERHEART\tstudy\tfound\tthat\tthe\teffect\tof\tstress\ton\tCVD\trisk\tis\ncomparable\tto\tthat\tof\thypertension.\tStress\tmanagement\twas\tnot\tpart\tof\tthe\t2013\tACC/AHA\tlifestyle\n... | [
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modification\tguidelines.\nDiabetes\nDiabetes\tis\ta\tdisease\tthat\tis\tan\tindependent\trisk\tfactor.\tThe\tprevalence\tof\tdiabetes\tmirrors\tthat\tof\nobesity\tin\tthe\tUnited\tStates.\tType\t2\tdiabetes\thas\tcontinued\tto\tincrease\tin\tincidence\t(see\t\nChapter\n29\n).\tAny\tform\tof\tdiabetes\tincreases\tthe\t... | [
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people\twith\tdiabetes\tactually\tdie\tof\tCVD.\tSome\tof\tthe\tincreased\trisk\n\tseen\tin\tpatients\twith\tdiabetes\tis\nattributable\tto\tthe\tconcurrent\tpresence\tof\tother\trisk\tfactors,\tsuch\tas\tdyslipidemia,\thypertension,\tand\nobesity.\tThus\tdiabetes\tis\tnow\tconsidered\tan\tASCVD\trisk\tfactor\t(see\t\n... | [
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Chapter\t29\n).\nThe\tLook\tAHEAD\t(Action\tfor\tHealth\tin\tDiabetes)\tstudy,\tconducted\tfrom\t2001\tto\t2012,\tprovided\nextensive\tlongitudinal\tdata\ton\tthe\teffect\tof\tan\tintensive\tlifestyle\tintervention,\ttargeting\n\tweight\nreduction\tthrough\tcaloric\trestriction\tand\tincreased\tphysical\tactivity,\ton\... | [
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outcome)\tand\tCVD\trisk\tfactors\tamong\tadults\twith\ttype\t2\tdiabetes\tmellitus.\tConclusions\tfrom\tthe\nstudy\twere\tthat\tincreased\tphysical\tactivity\tand\timprovements\tin\tdiet\tbased\ton\ta\tMeD\tor\tDASH\npattern\tcan\tsafely\tlead\tto\tweight\tloss\tand\treduced\trequirement\tfor\tmedication\tto\tcontrol\... | [
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factors\n\twithout\ta\tconcomitant\tincrease\tin\tthe\trisk\tof\tcardiovascular\tevents\t(\nFox\tet\tal,\t2015\n).\nMetabolic\tsyndrome\nSince\tthe\tearly\tfindings\tof\tthe\tFramingham\tHeart\tStudy,\tit\thas\tbeen\tknown\tthat\ta\tclustering\tof\trisk\nfactors\tmarkedly\tincreases\tthe\trisk\tof\tCVD\t(see\t\nChapter... | [
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for\tan\tin-depth\tdiscussion\tof\tmetabolic\nsyndrome).\nObesity\nObesity\thas\tnow\treached\tepidemic\tlevels\tin\tchildren\tand\tadults\tin\n\tmany\tdeveloped\tcountries.\tBody\nmass\tindex\t(BMI)\tand\tCVD\tare\tpositively\trelated;\tas\tBMI\tgoes\tup,\tthe\trisk\tof\tCVD\talso\tincreases. | [
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The\tprevalence\tof\toverweight\tand\tobesity\tis\tthe\thighest\tthat\tit\thas\tever\tbeen\tin\tthe\tUnited\tStates\n(see\t\nChapter\t20\n).\tObesity\trates\tvary\tby\trace\tand\tethnicity\tin\twomen.\tNon-Hispanic\tblack\twomen\nhave\tthe\thighest\tprevalence,\tfollowed\tby\tMexican\tAmerican\twomen,\tAmerican\tIndian... | [
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Alaskan\nnatives,\tand\tnon-Hispanic\twhites.\nAn\tobese-years\tmetric\twas\tdeveloped\tusing\tmore\tthan\t5000\tparticipants\tof\tthe\tFramingham\tHeart\nStudy\tthat\tcaptures\tthe\tcumulative\tdamage\tof\tobesity\tover\tyears.\tThe\tobese-years\tmetric\tis\ncalculated\tby\tmultiplying\tthe\tnumber\tof\tBMI\tunits\tab... | [
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2\n\tby\tthe\tnumber\tof\tyears\tlived\tat\nthat\tBMI.\tHigher\tobese\tyears\twere\tassociated\twith\thigher\tCVD\trisk\tin\tthe\n\tstudy.\tThe\tmetric\twas\nfound\tto\tprovide\ta\tslightly\tmore\taccurate\tmeasure\tof\tCVD\trisk\tthan\tobesity\talone\t(\nAbdullah\tet\tal,\n2014\n). | [
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Carrying\texcess\tadipose\ttissue\tgreatly\taffects\tthe\theart\tthrough\tthe\tmany\trisk\tfactors\tthat\tare\noften\tpresent:\thypertension,\tglucose\tintolerance,\tinflammatory\tmarkers\t(IL-6,\ttumor\tnecrosis\tfactor\nalpha\t[TNF-α],\ths-CRP),\tobstructive\tsleep\tapnea,\tprothrombotic\tstate,\tendothelial\n\tdysfu... | [
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dysfunction,\tand\ndyslipidemia\t(small\tdense\tLDL,\tincreased\tapo\tB,\tlow\tHDL,\thigh\ttriglyceride\tlevels).\tMany\ninflammatory\tproteins\tare\tnow\tknown\tto\tcome\tfrom\tthe\tadipocyte\t(see\t\nChapters\t7\n\tand\t\n20\n).\tThese\nconcurrent\trisk\tfactors\tmay\thelp\tto\texplain\tthe\thigh\tmorbidity\tand\tmor... | [
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people\twho\tare\tobese.\nWeight\tdistribution\t(abdominal\tversus\tgynoid)\tis\talso\tpredictive\tof\tCVD\trisk,\n\tglucose\ttolerance,\nand\tserum\tlipid\tlevels.\tCentral\tor\tabdominal\tlength\tof\tadiposity\talso\thas\tbeen\tstrongly\trelated\tto\nmarkers\tof\tinflammation,\tespecially\ths-CRP.\tTherefore\ta\twais... | [
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for\twomen\tand\t40\tinches\tfor\tmen\tis\trecommended\t(see\t\nChapter\t20\n).\nSmall\tweight\tlosses\t(10\tto\t20\tlb)\tcan\timprove\tLDL\tcholesterol,\tHDL\tcholesterol,\ttriglycerides,\thigh\nblood\tpressure,\n\tglucose\ttolerance,\tand\ths-CRP\tlevels,\teven\tif\tan\tideal\tBMI\tis\tnot\tachieved.\tWeight | [
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loss\talso\thas\tbeen\tcorrelated\twith\tlower\ths-CRP\tlevels.\tHowever,\tto\trestore\tvascular\tfunction,\tthe\namount\tof\tweight\tthat\tmust\tbe\tlost,\tthe\ttime\tof\tweight\tmaintenance,\tor\tthe\tamount\tof\timprovement\nin\tendothelial\tfunction\tthat\tlessens\tcardiovascular\tevents\tis\tstill\tunknown.\nNonmo... | [
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Nonmodifiable\trisk\tfactors\nAge\tand\n\tsex\nWith\tincreasing\tage,\thigher\tmortality\trates\tfrom\tCVD\tare\tseen\tin\tboth\tgenders.\tHowever,\tgender\tis\ta\nfactor\tfor\tthe\tassessment\tof\trisk.\tThe\tincidence\tof\tpremature\tdisease\tin\tmen\t35\tto\t44\tyears\tof\tage\tis\nthree\ttimes\tas\thigh\tas\tthe\ti... | [
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of\tage\tis\tconsidered\ta\trisk\tfactor\tfor\tmen.\tFor\twomen\tthe\tincreased\trisk\tcomes\tafter\tthe\tage\n\tof\t55\nyears,\twhich\tis\tafter\tmenopause\tfor\tmost\twomen.\tOverall\tthe\tincreased\trisk\tfor\tCVD\tparallels\tage.\nFamily\thistory\tand\tgenetics\nA\tfamily\thistory\tof\tpremature\tdisease\tis\ta\tst... | [
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considered.\tA\tfamily\thistory\tis\tconsidered\tto\tbe\tpositive\twhen\tMI\tor\tsudden\tdeath\toccurs\tbefore\tthe\nage\tof\t55\tyears\tin\ta\tmale\tfirst-degree\trelative\tor\tthe\tage\tof\t65\n\tin\ta\tfemale\tfirst-degree\trelative\n(parents,\tsiblings,\tor\tchildren).\tThe\tpresence\tof\ta\tpositive\tfamily\thisto... | [
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influences\tthe\tintensity\tof\trisk\tfactor\tmanagement.\nMenopausal\tstatus\nEndogenous\testrogen\tconfers\tprotection\tagainst\tASCVD\tin\tpremenopausal\twomen,\tprobably\tby\npreventing\tvascular\tinjury.\tLoss\tof\testrogen\tafter\tnatural\tor\tsurgical\tmenopause\tis\tassociated\twith\nincreased\tASCVD\trisk.\tRa... | [
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multiple\trisk\tfactors.\tDuring\tthe\tmenopausal\tperiod\ttotal\tcholesterol,\tLDL\tcholesterol,\tand\ntriglyceride\tlevels\tincrease;\tHDL\tcholesterol\tlevel\tdecreases,\tespecially\tin\twomen\twho\tgain\tweight.\nMedical\tnutrition\ttherapy\nMedical\tnutrition\ttherapy\t(MNT),\twhich\tincludes\tdiscussion\tof\tphys... | [
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the\tprimary\nintervention\tfor\tpatients\twith\televated\tLDL\tcholesterol\t(see\t\nBox\t32.4\n).\tPhysicians\tare\tencouraged\tto\nrefer\tpatients\tto\tregistered\tdietitian\tnutritionists\t(RDNs)\tto\thelp\tpatients\tmeet\tgoals\tfor\ttherapy\nbased\ton\tLDL\tcholesterol\tlevels.\nWith\tdiet,\texercise,\tand\tweight... | [
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inflammation.\tThe\tcomplexity\tof\tchanges,\tnumber\tof\tchanges,\n\tand\tmotivation\tof\tthe\tpatient\twill\ndictate\thow\tmany\tpatient\tvisits\tit\twill\ttake\tfor\tthe\tadherent\tto\tbe\tsuccessful.\tAn\tinitial\tvisit\tof\t45\tto\n90\tminutes\tfollowed\tby\ttwo\tto\tsix\tvisits\tof\t30\tto\t60\tminutes\teach\twit... | [
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0.081940382... |
(Academy\tof\tNutrition\tand\tDietetics\tEvidence\tAnalysis\tLibrary\t[EAL],\t2011).\tConsequently\tthese\ninterventions\tare\ttried\tbefore\tdrug\ttherapy\tand\talso\tcontinue\n\tduring\tpharmacologic\ttreatment\tto\nenhance\teffectiveness\tof\tthe\tmedication\t(see\t\nPathophysiology\tand\tCare\tManagement\tAlgorithm... | [
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0.0583... |
Lifestyle\trecommendations\nThe\tACC/AHA\trecommends\tdiet\tand\tlifestyle\tchanges\tto\treduce\tASCVD\trisk\tin\tall\tpeople\tolder\tthan\nthe\tage\tof\t2\t(\nEckel\tet\tal,\t2014\n).\tThe\tACC/AHA\trecommendations\tare\tfor\ta\tdiet\thigh\tin\tvegetables,\nfruits,\twhole\tgrains,\tlow-fat\tpoultry,\tfish,\tnontropica... | [
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0.04653260111808777,
-0.0357... |
in\tsweets,\tsugar-sweetened\tbeverages,\tand\tred\tmeat.\tThe\tDASH\tdiet\n\tpattern\tor\tU.S.\tDepartment\tof\nAgriculture\t(USDA)\tfood\tpattern\t(MyPlate)\tis\trecommended\tto\tachieve\tthis\tdiet.\tThe\tMeD\twas\tnot\nspecifically\trecommended\tbecause\tin\tthe\tevidence\tevaluated\tthe\tdiet\twas\tnot\tspecific\t... | [
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0.08257442712783813,
0.03506990149617195,
0.05077939108014107,
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0.10359083116054535,
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enough\tto\tdraw\tconclusions.\tIn\tgeneral,\tthe\tMeD\tpattern\t(\nFig.\t32.5\n)\tfits\tthe\trecommendations.\tA\nstudy\trecently\tpresented\tat\tthe\tACC\tsupports\tthe\tMeD\tpattern\tfor\tCVD\trisk\treduction\n\t(\nACC,\t2015\n).\nThe\tstudy\tincluded\tmore\tthan\t2500\tGreek\tadults\tover\tmore\tthan\t10\tyears.\tN... | [
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0.04236622899770737,
0.016... |
12%\tof\twomen\tin\tthe\tstudy\tdeveloped\tor\tdied\tfrom\theart\tdisease.\tPeople\twho\tclosely\tfollowed\tthe\nMeD\twere\t47%\tless\tlikely\tto\tdevelop\theart\tdisease\tthan\tthose\twho\tdid\tnot\tfollow\tthe\tdiet.\tThe\tMeD\nScore\tTool\twas\tused\t(see\t\nFig.\t32.5\n)\tto\tvalidate\tthe\tdietary\tpattern.\tA\tMe... | [
0.019445186480879784,
-0.03524363785982132,
0.03262750059366226,
-0.026296619325876236,
-0.07223610579967499,
0.018073389306664467,
0.05338430032134056,
-0.01039508730173111,
-0.03373675420880318,
0.08014284819364548,
0.11959781497716904,
-0.023631786927580833,
0.0654541626572609,
-0.03619... |
)\tto\tvalidate\tthe\tdietary\tpattern.\tA\tMeD\tmay\talso\treduce\trecurrent\nCVD\tby\t50%\tto\t70%\tand\thas\tbeen\tshown\tto\taffect\tlipoprotein\tlevels\tpositively\tin\thigh-risk\npopulations\t(\nCarter\tet\tal,\t2010\n). | [
-0.0035791483242064714,
-0.05800964683294296,
-0.015241573564708233,
-0.012039793655276299,
-0.05363863706588745,
0.030784031376242638,
0.10282058268785477,
0.09314433485269547,
-0.04200909286737442,
0.016675882041454315,
0.12695559859275818,
-0.004646024666726589,
0.010468540713191032,
0.... |
FIG.\t32.5\nMediterranean\tDiet\tScore\tTool.\n\tSource:\t(Courtesy\tAlison\tHornby\tand\tKatherine\tPaterson.)\nSaturated\tfatty\tacids.\nCurrently\tin\tthe\tUnited\tStates\tthe\taverage\tintake\tof\tsaturated\tfat\tis\t11%\tof\tcalories.\tThe\nrecommendation\tfor\tdecreasing\tLDL\tcholesterol\tis\t5%\tto\t6%.\tThe\tg... | [
-0.01257995143532753,
-0.07990413904190063,
0.03260750323534012,
-0.015929359942674637,
-0.10630422830581665,
-0.039307329803705215,
0.056490425020456314,
0.031814806163311005,
0.007330300752073526,
0.008527873083949089,
0.0782448947429657,
-0.05153575912117958,
0.0038657544646412134,
0.01... |
recommendation\tfor\ttrans\tfatty\tacid\tintake\tbut\trecommend\tit\tbe\tdecreased\twith\tthe\tsaturated\n\tfat.\nSaturated\tfat\tis\tgenerally\tfound\tin\tanimal\tproteins.\tIt\tis\trecommended\tthat\tintake\tof\tanimal\tprotein,\nespecially\tred\tmeat\tand\thigh-fat\tdairy,\tbe\tdecreased.\nTrans\tfatty\tacids.\nTran... | [
0.019751714542508125,
-0.09356452524662018,
0.09519284963607788,
0.023297056555747986,
-0.11237778514623642,
-0.02426118776202202,
0.11743318289518356,
0.017169173806905746,
-0.04228781908750534,
-0.0026857920456677675,
0.0588555745780468,
-0.02213624119758606,
0.005426330491900444,
0.0268... |
Trans\tfatty\tacids.\nTrans\tfatty\tacids\n\t(stereoisomers\tof\tthe\tnaturally\toccurring\tcis-linoleic\tacid)\tare\tproduced\tin\tthe\nhydrogenation\tprocess\tused\tin\tthe\tfood\tindustry\tto\tincrease\tshelf\tlife\tof\tfoods\tand\tto\tmake\nmargarines,\tmade\tfrom\n\toil,\tfirmer.\tMost\ttrans\tfatty\tacids\tintake... | [
-0.01125003769993782,
-0.06193333864212036,
0.042053237557411194,
-0.055430248379707336,
-0.1065850630402565,
-0.03001292794942856,
0.05741337314248085,
0.006235785782337189,
0.020483490079641342,
0.05140329524874687,
0.11484304815530777,
-0.08081299811601639,
0.04724966362118721,
0.009276... |
hydrogenated\toils\t(PHOs).\tIn\t2013\tthe\tFDA\tmade\ta\tdecision\tto\tremove\tPHOs\tfrom\tthe\t“generally\nrecognized\tas\tsafe”\tlist.\tThis\twas\tbased\ton\tthe\tmounting\tevidence\tthat\ttrans\tfats\tcontributed\tto\nASCVD\tand\twas\tassociated\twith\tincreased\tLDL\tcholesterol\tlevels.\tTrans\tfat\tintake\tis\ti... | [
-0.0075484467670321465,
-0.040119729936122894,
0.04992533475160599,
-0.012806590646505356,
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-0.031058676540851593,
0.05341755598783493,
0.06553440541028976,
-0.01171019021421671,
-0.010897200554609299,
0.10889037698507309,
-0.045878589153289795,
-0.0059478082694113255,
... |
associated\twith\tHDL\tlevels\t(\nYanai\tet\tal,\t2015\n).\nMonounsaturated\tfatty\tacids.\nOleic\tacid\t(C18:1)\tis\tthe\tmost\tprevalent\tmonounsaturated\tfatty\tacid\t(MUFA)\tin\tthe\tAmerican\tdiet.\nSubstituting\toleic\tacid\tfor\tcarbohydrate\thas\talmost\tno\tappreciable\teffect\ton\tblood\tlipids.\tHowever, | [
0.005221155472099781,
-0.03207933157682419,
0.0323428139090538,
-0.03962594270706177,
-0.10928326100111008,
-0.017033042386174202,
0.03938308730721474,
-0.0038956250064074993,
0.04124011844396591,
0.03626425564289093,
0.1364404857158661,
-0.08804399520158768,
0.00006654918979620561,
0.0248... |
replacing\tsaturated\tfatty\tacids\t(SFAs)\twith\tMUFAs\t(as\twould\thappen\twhen\tsubstituting\tolive\toil\tfor\nbutter)\tlowers\tserum\tcholesterol\tlevels,\tLDL\tcholesterol\tlevels,\n\tand\ttriglyceride\tlevels.\tOleic\tacid\tas\npart\tof\tthe\tMeD\t(\nFig.\t32.6\n)\thas\tbeen\tshown\tto\thave\tantiinflammatory\tef... | [
-0.005195830948650837,
-0.03975199908018112,
0.024505198001861572,
-0.03008919581770897,
-0.09027795493602753,
-0.011895024217665195,
0.02452840656042099,
0.054061222821474075,
0.024934275075793266,
0.013231697492301464,
0.0847005546092987,
-0.055897485464811325,
-0.012931084260344505,
0.0... |
FIG.\t32.6\nThe\tTraditional\tHealthy\tMediterranean\tDiet\tPyramid.\n\tSource:\t(Courtesy\tOldways\tPreservation\tand\tExchange\nTrust,\t\t\nhttps://www.oldwayspt.org\n.)\t(\t\nhttp://www.cardiacrehabilitation.org.uk/docs/Mediterranean-Diet-Score.pdf\n.)\nPolyunsaturated\tfatty\tacids. | [
0.020622961223125458,
0.010570467449724674,
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-0.010587387718260288,
-0.10110121965408325,
0.0010855025611817837,
-0.016512161120772362,
-0.014600450173020363,
-0.005566777195781469,
-0.032407864928245544,
0.10130307078361511,
-0.09628092497587204,
-0.04790947586297989,
... |
.)\nPolyunsaturated\tfatty\tacids.\nThe\tessential\tfatty\tacid\tlinoleic\tacid\t(LA)\tis\tthe\tpredominant\tPUFA\tconsumed\tin\tthe\tAmerican\tdiet;\nits\teffect\tdepends\ton\tthe\ttotal\n\tfatty\tacid\tprofile\tof\tthe\tdiet.\tWhen\tadded\tto\tstudy\tdiets,\tlarge\tamounts\nof\tLA\tdecrease\tHDL\tserum\tcholesterol\t... | [
-0.01608341746032238,
-0.050358615815639496,
0.0436384417116642,
-0.035903606563806534,
-0.15986311435699463,
-0.026457631960511208,
0.050689976662397385,
-0.020319543778896332,
-0.0018147008959203959,
0.05604622885584831,
0.10757992416620255,
-0.058093149214982986,
0.042053431272506714,
-... |
effects\ton\tthe\tfunction\tof\tvascular\tendothelium\tor\tstimulate\tproduction\tof\tproinflammatory\tcytokines\n(\nHarris\tet\tal,\t2009\n).\tThe\tAHA\tdoes\tnot\tsupport\tconcern\tfor\tomega-6\tPUFAs\tas\tproinflammatory.\nHowever,\tthis\tposition\thas\tbeen\tchallenged\n\tby\tresearchers\tin\tthe\tfield.\tA\trecent... | [
-0.02884626016020775,
-0.0596800222992897,
0.04047534987330437,
-0.060423847287893295,
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0.0686042532324791,
0.02528940513730049,
0.09742367267608643,
0.058578379452228546,
0.09809502214193344,
0.0951712429523468,
-0.004671772010624409,
-0.03641141206026077,
0.044175669... |
by\tresearchers\tin\tthe\tfield.\tA\trecent\treview\tof\tthe\nevidence\ton\tthe\trole\tof\tomega-6\tPUFAS\tfound\tlimited\tconclusive\tevidence\tof\tan\tassociation\tbetween\nn-6\tand\tCVD.\tIntervention\ttrials\twere\tidentified\tbut\tthey\tgenerally\thad\ta\tsmall\tsample\tsize\tand\nvaried\tin\tterms\tof\tthe\tstudy... | [
0.007568016182631254,
-0.043485935777425766,
0.017056245356798172,
-0.07401816546916962,
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0.012346708215773106,
0.06219949945807457,
0.00203692726790905,
0.01840965822339058,
0.07303950190544128,
0.07666375488042831,
-0.038724545389413834,
0.03480016812682152,
0.010172... |
intervention\t(\nKhandelwal\tet\tal,\t2013\n).\nOmega-3\tfatty\n\tacids.\nThe\tmain\tomega-3\tfatty\tacids\t(eicosapentaenoic\tacid\t[EPA]\tand\tdocosahexaenoic\tacid\t[DHA])\tare\nhigh\tin\tfish\toils,\tfish\toil\tcapsules,\tand\tocean\tfish.\tSome\tstudies\thave\tshown\tthat\teating\tfish\tis | [
-0.04926459863781929,
0.03731997683644295,
0.051241498440504074,
-0.05958373099565506,
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0.03169555962085724,
0.03463056683540344,
0.033114783465862274,
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0.013520647771656513,
0.10099362581968307,
-0.10759076476097107,
-0.05605451762676239,
0.041883... |
associated\twith\ta\tdecreased\tASCVD\trisk.\tThe\tAHA\trecommendation\tfor\tthe\tgeneral\tpopulation\tis\tto\nincrease\tfish\tconsumption\tspecifically\tof\tfish\thigh\tin\tomega-3\tfatty\tacids\t(salmon,\ttuna,\tmackerel,\nsardines)\n\tand\teat\ta\t3.5-ounce\tserving\ttwice\ta\tweek.\tConsumption\tof\tomega-3\tfat\ti... | [
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0.024822015315294266,
-0.04583020135760307,
-0.11001230031251907,
-0.003412619698792696,
0.04233124852180481,
0.009377374313771725,
-0.02629668451845646,
-0.002332934644073248,
0.061472952365875244,
-0.13611529767513275,
-0.06719201803207397,
0... |
oil\thas\tbeen\tassociated\twith\thigher\tlevels\tof\tHDL\tcholesterol\tand\tlower\tlevels\tof\tserum\ttriglycerides\n(\nYanai\tet\tal,\t2015\n;\tsee\t\nAppendix\t26\n).\tThe\tAHA\trecommends\ta\tdiscussion\twith\ta\tphysician\tbefore\ntaking\tfish\toil\tsupplements.\nAn\tomega-3\tfatty\tacid\tfrom\tvegetables,\talpha-... | [
-0.051359858363866806,
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0.022993002086877823,
0.0032226871699094772,
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0.00830725859850645,
0.04116326943039894,
0.028684694319963455,
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0.09395071864128113,
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0.007920480333268642,
-0... |
effects\n(see\t\nChapter\t7\n).\tOmega-3\tfatty\tacids\tare\tthought\tto\tbe\tcardioprotective\tbecause\tthey\tinterfere\twith\nblood\tclotting\tand\talter\tprostaglandin\tsynthesis.\tOmega-3\tfat\tstimulates\tproduction\tof\tNO,\ta\nsubstance\tthat\tstimulates\trelaxation\tof\tthe\tblood\tvessel\twall\t(vasodilation).... | [
-0.02082003839313984,
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0.03793274611234665,
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0.04958668723702431,
0.029521644115447998,
0.06919287145137787,
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0.07773195207118988,
0.07937870919704437,
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-0.02664623223245144,
0.02440... |
intakes\t(above\t3\tg\tEPA/DHA)\tprolong\tbleeding\ttime,\ta\tcommon\tcondition\tamong\tArctic\tNative\npopulations\n\twith\thigh\tomega-3\tfat\tdietary\tintakes\tand\tlow\tincidence\tof\tASCVD.\nDietary\tcholesterol.\nPrevious\trecommendations\thave\tbeen\tto\tdecrease\tdietary\tcholesterol\tto\tdecrease\tLDL\tcholest... | [
-0.04166311025619507,
-0.0641116127371788,
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0.03660254925489426,
0.05963103100657463,
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-0.04944011569023132,
0.06258875876665115,
-0.060008928179740906,
-0.03503219038248062,
-0.05... |
and\treduce\tASCVD\trisk.\tThe\tACC/AHA\t2013\tguidelines\tno\tlonger\tmake\tthis\trecommendation,\tand\nthey\tspecifically\tstate\tthat\tdietary\tcholesterol\tdoes\tnot\traise\tLDLs\t(see\t\nChapter\t9\n).\tThe\t2015\tU.S.\nDietary\tGuidelines\n\talso\teliminate\tthe\trecommendation\tto\trestrict\tcholesterol.\tHoweve... | [
-0.036500122398138046,
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0.009735725820064545,
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0.013552512042224407,
0.04473373293876648,
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0.017516054213047028,
0.08761489391326904,
0.012901959009468555,
-0.019604701548814774,
-... |
important\tto\tremember\tthat\tmost\thigh\tcholesterol\tfoods\tare\talso\thigh\tin\tsaturated\tfats\tthat\tdo\traise\nLDL\tcholesterol.\nFiber. | [
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0.01266094483435154,
0.010142991319298744,
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0.045254163444042206,
0.08107610791921616,
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0.07184033840894699,
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-0.... |
High\tintake\tlevels\tof\tdietary\tfiber\tare\tassociated\twith\tsignificantly\tlower\tprevalence\tof\tASCVD\tand\nstroke\t(\nAnderson\tet\tal,\t2009\n).\tThe\tUSDA\tMyPlate,\tthe\tDASH\tdiet,\tand\tthe\tMeD\tpattern\temphasize\nfruits,\tvegetables,\tlegumes,\tand\twhole\tgrains,\tso\tthey\tare\tinnately\thigh\tin\tfib... | [
0.01830819435417652,
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0.06797648966312408,
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0.09057711809873581,
0.027887897565960884,
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0.04993098974227905,
0.062083899974823,
-0.02415907382965088,
0.04163048416376114,
-0.01405245... |
foods\tprovides\ta\tcombination\tof\tsoluble\tand\tinsoluble\tfiber.\tProposed\tmechanisms\tfor\tthe\nhypocholesterolemic\teffect\tof\tsoluble\tfiber\tinclude\tthe\tfollowing:\t(1)\tthe\tfiber\tbinds\tbile\tacids,\twhich\nlowers\tserum\tcholesterol\tand\t(2)\tbacteria\tin\tthe\tcolon\tferment\tthe\tfiber\tto\tproduce\t... | [
-0.03140904754400253,
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0.006028851494193077,
0.012669949792325497,
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0.011680424213409424,
0.050742749124765396,
0.034315235912799835,
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0.0074938093312084675,
0.12500371038913727,
-0.06390036642551422,
0.01696956530213356,
-0.... |
propionate,\n\tand\tbutyrate,\twhich\tinhibit\tcholesterol\tsynthesis.\tThe\trole\tof\tfiber,\tif\tany,\ton\ninflammatory\tpathways\tis\tnot\twell\testablished.\tMinerals,\tvitamins,\tand\tantioxidants\tthat\tare\ncomponents\tof\ta\thigh-fiber\tdiet\tfurther\tenrich\tthe\tdiet.\nInsoluble\tfibers\tsuch\tas\tcellulose\t... | [
0.014705492183566093,
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0.0377102866768837,
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0.006240212358534336,
0.08379285782575607,
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0.06772942841053009,
0.08140350878238678,
-0.011486077681183815,
0.007785660680383444,
-0.007... |
purpose\tof\theart\tdisease\tprevention,\tmost\tof\tthe\trecommended\t25\tto\n\t30\tg\tof\tfiber\ta\tday\tshould\tbe\nsoluble\tfiber.\nAntioxidants.\nTwo\tdietary\tcomponents\tthat\taffect\tthe\toxidation\tpotential\tof\tLDL\tcholesterol\tare\tthe\tlevel\tof\tLA\tin\nthe\tparticle\tand\tthe\tavailability\tof\tantioxida... | [
0.0030352617613971233,
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0.0004938425263389945,
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0.011226142756640911,
0.05227981507778168,
0.05450795963406563,
0.00015827220340725034,
0.02326376736164093,
0.0763462483882904,
-0.01698979362845421,
0.02999378740787506,
0.014... |
levels\thave\tantioxidant\troles\tin\tthe\tbody.\tVitamin\tE\tis\tthe\tmost\tconcentrated\tantioxidant\tcarried\ton\nLDLs,\tthe\tamount\tbeing\t20\tto\t300\n\ttimes\tgreater\tthan\tany\tother\tantioxidant.\tA\tmajor\tfunction\tof\nvitamin\tE\tis\tto\tprevent\toxidation\tof\tPUFAs\tin\tthe\tcell\tmembrane.\tThe\tAHA\tdo... | [
-0.0025293934158980846,
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0.023912252858281136,
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0.08207684010267258,
0.05230659618973732,
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-0.0019378269789740443,
0.10073746740818024,
-0.054238684475421906,
0.03094654530286789,
0.... |
vitamin\tE\tsupplementation\tfor\tCVD\tprevention.\tA\tdietary\tpattern\tthat\tincludes\tincreased\tamounts\tof\nwhole\tgrains,\tnuts,\tand\tseeds\t(especially\tsunflower\tseeds)\thas\tincreased\tamounts\tof\tvitamin\tE.\nFoods\twith\tconcentrated\tamounts\tof\tantioxidants\tare\n\tfound\tin\tphytochemicals\tknown\tas\... | [
-0.048835694789886475,
-0.02708503231406212,
0.0447959266602993,
0.005897314753383398,
-0.0026402631774544716,
0.07962906360626221,
0.11710099875926971,
0.0016914426814764738,
-0.04116898030042648,
0.05890808254480362,
0.1334511935710907,
-0.10126540809869766,
0.012029607780277729,
-0.0482... |
found\tin\tphytochemicals\tknown\tas\tcatechins\nand\thave\tbeen\tfound\tto\timprove\tvascular\treactivity.\tRed\tgrapes,\tred\twine,\ttea\t(especially\tgreen\ttea),\nberries,\tand\tbroad\tbeans\t(fava\tbeans)\tare\tpart\tof\tthe\tMeD\t(see\t\nFigs.\t32.5\n\tand\t\n32.6\n).\nStanols\tand\tsterols. | [
-0.05883719399571419,
-0.07741079479455948,
0.018914390355348587,
-0.004528692923486233,
-0.026836732402443886,
0.05389983579516411,
0.06738477200269699,
0.06147274747490883,
-0.02037273719906807,
0.06623505800962448,
0.0939391702413559,
-0.07610901445150375,
-0.023703482002019882,
0.02551... |
Figs.\t32.5\n\tand\t\n32.6\n).\nStanols\tand\tsterols.\nSince\tthe\tearly\t1950s,\tplant\tstanols\tand\tsterols\tisolated\tfrom\tsoybean\toils\tor\tpine\ttree\toil\thave\tbeen\nknown\tto\tlower\tblood\tcholesterol\tby\tinhibiting\n\tabsorption\tof\tdietary\tcholesterol.\tStanols\tand\tsterols\nhave\tbeen\tshown\tto\tlo... | [
-0.06574887782335281,
-0.024296775460243225,
-0.00902843102812767,
-0.01907307468354702,
-0.08432989567518234,
-0.01661698892712593,
0.050225868821144104,
0.050025854259729385,
-0.019608817994594574,
0.0067099276930093765,
0.08944955468177795,
-0.028590098023414612,
0.017731716856360435,
0... |
Yanai\tet\tal,\t2015\n).\tBecause\tthese\testers\talso\ncan\taffect\tthe\tabsorption\tof\tand\tcause\tlower\tbeta-carotene,\talpha-tocopherol,\tand\tlycopene\tlevels,\nfurther\tsafety\tstudies\tare\tneeded\tfor\tuse\tin\tnormocholesterolemic\tindividuals,\tchildren,\tand\npregnant\twomen.\nWeight\tloss.\nAccording\tto\... | [
-0.013368460349738598,
-0.06438061594963074,
0.039339687675237656,
0.02520463615655899,
-0.08239196985960007,
0.004015449900180101,
0.11845676600933075,
-0.02293902263045311,
0.008991146460175514,
0.0311652272939682,
0.13095954060554504,
-0.06907354295253754,
0.02064969390630722,
0.0197236... |
pregnant\twomen.\nWeight\tloss.\nAccording\tto\tthe\tCenters\n\tfor\tDisease\tControl\tand\tPrevention\t(CDC),\tin\t2015\tto\t2016\t39.8%\tof\tadults\nand\t18.5%\tof\tchildren\tin\tthe\tUnited\tStates\twere\tclassified\tas\tobese.\tObesity\traises\tthe\trisk\tof\nhypertension,\tdyslipidemia,\ttype\t2\tdiabetes,\tASCVD,... | [
0.0033153847325593233,
-0.04663693904876709,
-0.007710383273661137,
0.010269672609865665,
-0.036078717559576035,
0.011105429381132126,
0.09694098681211472,
0.05440521240234375,
-0.02439950592815876,
0.0832851380109787,
0.11292300373315811,
-0.06638496369123459,
-0.015962375327944756,
0.004... |
risk\tin\tall-cause\tand\tCVD\tmortality\t(\nStone\tet\tal,\t2014\n).\tRecommendations\tof\tthe\tpanel\tare\nsummarized\tin\t\nBox\t32.5\n.\nBOX\t32.5\nRecommendations\tfrom\tThe\tObesity\tSociety\t(TOS)\tObesity\nGuideline\n1.\t\nPatient/provider\tencounter\tfor\tobesity\tprevention\tand\tmanagement:\tA\tpatient\tenco... | [
0.012432782910764217,
0.014728794805705547,
-0.008369374088943005,
-0.009215322323143482,
-0.046556927263736725,
0.04780721291899681,
0.09888241440057755,
0.07818581908941269,
0.03524132817983627,
-0.00746913580223918,
0.09017245471477509,
-0.020474020391702652,
0.0435587503015995,
0.03902... |
defined\tas\tan\tinteraction\twith\ta\tprimary\tcare\tprovider\twho\tassesses\tweight\tstatus\tto\ndetermine\tneed\tfor\tfurther\tassessment\tand\ttreatment.\n2.\t\nMeasure\tweight\tand\theight\tand\tcalculate\tbody\tmass\tindex\t(BMI).\n3.\t\nBMI\t25<30\t(overweight)\tor\n\tBMI\t30<35\t(class\tI\tobese)\tor\tBMI\t35<4... | [
-0.009783446788787842,
-0.0064378115348517895,
0.03631538897752762,
0.004525681957602501,
-0.04540632665157318,
-0.01928291842341423,
0.09087918698787689,
0.024294158443808556,
-0.08277445286512375,
0.020347610116004944,
0.07391434162855148,
-0.0924767479300499,
0.009860805235803127,
0.062... |
BMI\t30<35\t(class\tI\tobese)\tor\tBMI\t35<40\tclass\tII\tobese\tor\tBMI\n>40\t(class\tIII\tobese):\tthese\tBMI\tcutpoints\tdefine\toverweight\tand\tobese\tindividuals\twho\tare\nat\tincreased\trisk\tof\tcardiovascular\tdisease\t(CVD).\tWithin\tthese\tcategories,\tadditional\npersonal\trisk\tassessment\tis\tneeded.\n4. | [
-0.02039903774857521,
-0.030290821567177773,
0.008675849065184593,
-0.03140256926417351,
-0.08077467978000641,
0.008064460940659046,
0.043836258351802826,
0.03579822555184364,
-0.0833730399608612,
0.04527510330080986,
0.06617528200149536,
-0.13224247097969055,
0.0005995598039589822,
0.0605... |
personal\trisk\tassessment\tis\tneeded.\n4.\t\nAssess\tand\ttreat\tCVD\trisk\tfactors\tand\tobesity-related\tcomorbidities:\tA\twaist\tcircumference\nmeasurement\tis\trecommended\n\tfor\tindividuals\twith\tBMI\t25-35\tto\tprovide\tadditional\ninformation\ton\trisk.\tIt\tis\tnot\tnecessary\tto\tmeasure\twaist\tcircumfer... | [
-0.03256923332810402,
0.011744164861738682,
0.07038801908493042,
-0.0047996873036026955,
-0.0800771564245224,
-0.0076163047924637794,
0.11690253019332886,
0.01645679958164692,
-0.03037569671869278,
0.003295551985502243,
0.10739625990390778,
-0.07277865707874298,
-0.013800029642879963,
0.00... |
BMI\t>35\tbecause\tthe\twaist\tcircumference\twill\tlikely\tbe\televated\tand\tit\twill\tadd\tno\nadditional\tinformation.\tIncreased\tcardiometabolic\trisk\tis\tdefined\tas\t>88\tcm\tor\t>35\tin\tfor\nwomen\tand\t>102\tcm\tor\t>40\tin\tfor\tmen.\n5.\t\nAssess\tweight\tand\tlifestyle\thistories:\tAsk\n\tquestions\tabou... | [
-0.04916531592607498,
-0.018617160618305206,
0.06291298568248749,
0.0016248718602582812,
-0.09951607137918472,
-0.027364380657672882,
0.11662273854017258,
-0.0036573330871760845,
-0.058744873851537704,
0.050048816949129105,
0.06152879074215889,
-0.09315859526395798,
0.04082599654793739,
0.... |
questions\tabout\thistory\tof\tweight\tgain\tand\tloss\nover\ttime,\tdetails\tof\tprevious\tweight\tloss\tattempts,\tdietary\thabits,\tphysical\tactivity,\tfamily\nhistory\tof\tobesity,\tand\tother\tmedical\tconditions\tand\tmedications\tthat\tmay\taffect\tweight.\n6.\t\nAssess\tneed\tto\tlose\tweight:\tWeight\tloss\tt... | [
0.02623426541686058,
-0.012119521386921406,
0.03536306321620941,
0.051930129528045654,
-0.05008872598409653,
-0.006397806573659182,
0.10785118490457535,
0.004945202264934778,
-0.024132300168275833,
0.035985127091407776,
0.04043978452682495,
-0.05457722395658493,
0.035901885479688644,
0.024... |
overweight\twith\tone\tor\tmore\tindicators\tof\tincreased\tCVD\trisk.\n7.\t\nAdvise\tto\n\tavoid\tweight\tgain\tand\taddress\tother\trisk\tfactors.\nJensen,\tet\tal:\t2013\tAHA/ACC/TOS\tguideline\tfor\tthe\tmanagement\tof\toverweight\tand\tobesity\tin\tadults.\nCirculation\n,\t129:S102,\t2014.\nMedical\tmanagement\nPh... | [
-0.030973708257079124,
-0.010828935541212559,
0.052738089114427567,
0.02179945632815361,
-0.08202479034662247,
-0.013861817307770252,
0.08509013801813126,
0.011949755251407623,
-0.10026035457849503,
0.03609428182244301,
0.09846732765436172,
-0.08599196374416351,
0.005291162524372339,
-0.00... |
Determination\tof\tdrug\ttherapy\tdepends\ton\trisk\tcategory\tand\tattainment\tof\tthe\tLDL\tcholesterol\tgoal.\nThe\t2013\tACC/AHA\tGuidelines\tfor\tTreatment\tof\tBlood\tCholesterol\n\thave\tupdated\trecommendations\nfor\tprescribing\tstatin\tdrugs\tto\tbe\tmore\tfocused\ton\toverall\tpatient\trisk\tthan\ton\tspecif... | [
-0.04329751431941986,
-0.05257781594991684,
-0.021871386095881462,
-0.04387117549777031,
-0.12081604450941086,
-0.005168106406927109,
0.01024152897298336,
0.054992981255054474,
0.004451751708984375,
-0.008185984566807747,
0.08266155421733856,
-0.00034577061887830496,
0.009217127226293087,
... |
cholesterol\ttargets.\tThe\tprimary\ttreatment\tfor\tthose\tat\trisk\tof\tASCVD\tare\tthe\t3-hydroxy-3-\nmethylglutaryl–coenzyme\tA\t(HMG-CoA)\treductase\tinhibitors,\tof\twhich\tthere\tare\tmany\t(see\t\nAppendix\n13\n).\tThe\tclasses\tof\tdrugs\tinclude\tthe\tfollowing:\t(1)\t\nbile\tacid\tsequestrants\n\tsuch\tas\tc... | [
-0.04489068686962128,
-0.10735012590885162,
-0.01231351587921381,
-0.05783359706401825,
-0.09017127752304077,
-0.020066211000084877,
0.01735627092421055,
0.06034548953175545,
-0.02054518274962902,
-0.00713527575135231,
0.10280029475688934,
-0.026553910225629807,
0.007646468933671713,
-0.00... |
(adsorbs\tbile\tacids);\t(2)\tnicotinic\tacid;\t(3)\tstatins,\tor\t\n3-hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl–coenzyme\tA\n(HMG-CoA)\n\treductase\tinhibitors,\twhich\tinhibit\tthe\trate-limiting\tenzyme\tin\tcholesterol\tsynthesis;\t(4)\nfibric\tacid\tderivatives;\tand\t(5)\tprobucol.\nMedical\tintervention | [
-0.06142481788992882,
-0.061734639108181,
-0.024359088391065598,
-0.04193948954343796,
-0.015863165259361267,
0.002192350337281823,
0.024083169177174568,
0.051723502576351166,
-0.031723108142614365,
0.01939808577299118,
0.10041539371013641,
-0.05529914051294327,
-0.024197684600949287,
0.01... |
fibric\tacid\tderivatives;\tand\t(5)\tprobucol.\nMedical\tintervention\nMedical\tinterventions\tsuch\tas\tpercutaneous\tcoronary\tintervention\t(PCI)\tare\tnow\tperformed\tin\npatients\twith\tasymptomatic\tischemia\tor\n\tangina.\tPCI,\tpreviously\tknown\tas\tpercutaneous\ttransluminal | [
-0.020039454102516174,
-0.07489363849163055,
0.05071258172392845,
0.0010142400860786438,
-0.06683332473039627,
0.006421623285859823,
0.09591111540794373,
0.08643513172864914,
-0.008638794533908367,
0.057871490716934204,
0.10785621404647827,
-0.049853622913360596,
-0.04578065499663353,
0.08... |
angina.\tPCI,\tpreviously\tknown\tas\tpercutaneous\ttransluminal\ncoronary\tangioplasty,\tis\ta\tprocedure\tthat\tuses\ta\tcatheter\twith\ta\tballoon\tthat,\tonce\tinflated,\tbreaks\nup\tplaque\tdeposits\tin\tan\toccluded\tartery.\tCoronary\tstenting\tinvolves\ta\twire\tmesh\ttube\tinserted\tto\nhold\tan\tartery\topen;... | [
-0.0022541810758411884,
0.026629623025655746,
0.06597533077001572,
-0.031119046732783318,
-0.0885353684425354,
0.0033336461056023836,
0.08075583726167679,
-0.00116496451664716,
0.025997761636972427,
0.02517092414200306,
0.08181898295879364,
-0.05811458081007004,
0.027657615020871162,
0.010... |
Thom\tet\tal,\t2006\n).\nPCI\tis\toften\tpossible\tbecause\tof\tearlier\tdetection\n\tof\tblockages.\tThe\tmost\tcommon\tproblem\twith\nPCI\tis\trestenosis\tof\tthe\tartery.\tA\trecent\tstudy\texamined\tmore\tthan\t2200\tpatients,\thalf\tof\twhom\nreceived\tintervention\tof\tmedication\tand\tlifestyle\tchanges\tsuch\ta... | [
-0.00007280262798303738,
-0.023242561146616936,
0.06665511429309845,
-0.03562388941645622,
-0.1217631846666336,
0.046671751886606216,
0.11084862053394318,
-0.0035872533917427063,
-0.00039678183384239674,
0.02838974818587303,
0.05423921346664429,
0.000568946183193475,
0.051464322954416275,
... |
nutrition,\tand\thalf\tof\twhom\treceived\tlifestyle\tchanges\tas\twell\tas\tangioplasty.\tAfter\t5\tyears\tit\twas\nobserved\tthat\tthe\tnumber\twho\thad\theart\tattacks,\twere\thospitalized,\n\tor\tdied\tbecause\tof\ttheir\theart\nproblems\twas\tvirtually\tidentical\tin\tboth\tgroups.\tAngioplasty\tdid\tnot\tappear\t... | [
-0.016370557248592377,
-0.05121064931154251,
0.06768369674682617,
0.014145893044769764,
-0.05810713768005371,
0.008875304833054543,
0.0812160074710846,
-0.030834799632430077,
-0.04287262633442879,
0.050512246787548065,
0.12671205401420593,
-0.03763345628976822,
0.021036328747868538,
-0.033... |
benefit\tversus\tlifestyle\tchanges\tcombined\twith\tmedication\t(\nBoden\tet\tal,\t2007\n).\nBecause\tPCI\tis\tperformed\twith\tthe\tpatient\tunder\tlocal\tanesthesia\tin\ta\tcardiac\tcatheterization\nlaboratory,\trecovery\tis\tquicker\tthan\twith\t\ncoronary\tartery\tbypass\tgraft\t(CABG)\n\tsurgery.\tIn\n\tCABG | [
-0.015827106311917305,
0.040580835193395615,
0.04264053702354431,
-0.05045755207538605,
-0.11284449696540833,
0.05175165832042694,
0.10128474980592728,
0.04413660988211632,
-0.013278186321258545,
0.0024646795354783535,
0.08034346997737885,
0.007644770201295614,
0.008273717015981674,
0.0325... |
coronary\tartery\tbypass\tgraft\t(CABG)\n\tsurgery.\tIn\n\tCABG\nsurgery,\tan\tartery\tfrom\tthe\tchest\tis\tused\tto\tredirect\tblood\tflow\taround\ta\tdiseased\tvessel.\tCandidates\nfor\tCABG\tusually\thave\tmore\tthan\ttwo\toccluded\tarteries.\tCABG\tsurgeries\thave\tdecreased\tsince\t1995\nbecause\tmore\tPCI\tproce... | [
-0.017819279804825783,
-0.001243201200850308,
0.0421413779258728,
-0.013802161440253258,
-0.11665859818458557,
0.025506746023893356,
0.02643587626516819,
-0.0018331563333049417,
0.02656634896993637,
-0.03188387304544449,
0.07102508097887039,
-0.07173056155443192,
0.004071436356753111,
-0.0... |
symptoms,\tand\tmarkedly\timprove\tthe\tquality\tof\tlife\tfor\tpatients\twith\tASCVD.\tHowever,\tCABG\tdoes\nnot\tcure\tatherosclerosis;\n\tthe\tnew\tgrafts\tare\talso\tsusceptible\tto\tatherogenesis.\tConsequently,\nrestenosis\tis\tcommon\twithin\t10\tyears\tof\tsurgery.\nHypertension\nHypertension | [
-0.017294080927968025,
-0.034060414880514145,
0.022962860763072968,
-0.0006415576790459454,
-0.10554066300392151,
-0.014748127199709415,
0.019657861441373825,
0.08143139630556107,
-0.03469207510352135,
0.0029450415167957544,
0.05800224840641022,
-0.017886562272906303,
-0.017672549933195114,
... |
Hypertension\nHypertension\n\tis\tpersistently\thigh\tarterial\tblood\tpressure,\tthe\tforce\texerted\tper\tunit\tarea\ton\tthe\nwalls\tof\tarteries.\tThe\t\nsystolic\tblood\tpressure\t(SBP)\n,\tthe\tupper\treading\tin\ta\tblood\tpressure\nmeasurement,\tis\tthe\tforce\texerted\ton\tthe\twalls\tof\tblood\tvessels\tas\tt... | [
-0.007123000919818878,
-0.06349481642246246,
0.035104651004076004,
0.004837421700358391,
-0.08430439978837967,
-0.009870086796581745,
0.08719578385353088,
0.03108198381960392,
-0.03362899646162987,
0.020733769983053207,
0.06329957395792007,
-0.018071653321385384,
0.04884590208530426,
0.002... |
heart\tcontracts\tand\tpushes\nblood\tout\tof\tits\tchambers.\tThe\tlower\treading,\tknown\tas\t\ndiastolic\tblood\tpressure\t(DBP)\n,\tmeasures\nthe\tforce\tas\tthe\theart\trelaxes\tbetween\tcontractions.\tBlood\tpressure\tis\tmeasured\tin\tmillimeters\t(mm)\nof\tmercury\t(Hg).\tAdult\tblood\tpressure\tis\tconsidered\... | [
-0.03574904054403305,
-0.04520968347787857,
0.043239526450634,
-0.0023527792654931545,
-0.12059018760919571,
-0.00847010686993599,
0.0665159747004509,
0.03057028353214264,
-0.009298847988247871,
0.020617650821805,
0.07707645744085312,
-0.029373396188020706,
0.035283710807561874,
0.02684273... |
cutoffs\tfor\televated\tblood\tpressure\t(formerly\t\nprehypertension\n),\tstage\t1\tand\tstage\n\t2\thypertension\nare\tfound\tin\t\nTable\t32.1\n.\nTABLE\t32.1\nCategories\tof\tBlood\tPressure\tin\tAdults\nSBP\t(mm\tHg)\n*\nDBP\t(mm\tHg)\n*\nNormal\n<120\tmm\tHg\nand\n<80\tmm\tHg\nElevated\n120-129\tmm\tHg\nand\n<80\... | [
-0.022690067067742348,
0.03561738133430481,
0.0008654704433865845,
-0.03242047131061554,
-0.10863357037305832,
-0.03719411417841911,
0.07616976648569107,
0.08060862123966217,
-0.05893081799149513,
0.05766313150525093,
0.0806184932589531,
-0.03164758160710335,
0.036167047917842865,
0.032799... |
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