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it\tbecomes\ta\tfactor\tin\tpromoting\tprolonged\ninflammation\tand\taffects\tthe\tway\tfood\tis\tmetabolized\tin\tthe\tbody.\tThe\tloss\tof\tmicrobiome\tdiversity\nand\tthe\tpresence\tof\tspecific\tundesirable\tor\tvirulent\tbacteria\tappears\tto\tbe\ta\tcommon\tfinding\trelated\nto\tvarious\tdiseases\t(\nFasano,\t201... | [
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to\tvarious\tdiseases\t(\nFasano,\t2012\n;\t\nViladomiu\tet\tal,\t2013\n).\nThe\tcause\tof\tthese\tchanges\tin\tthe\tpatterns\tof\tmicrobiota\tfrom\t“healthy”\tto\tdysfunctional\tappears\nto\tbe\tinfluenced\tby\tgenetics,\tdiet,\texposure\tto\tenvironmental\ttoxins,\tand\tantibiotic\tuse\t(\nNational\nInstitutes\tof\tH... | [
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National\nInstitutes\tof\tHealth\t[NIH],\t2014\n).\tAfter\ta\tpathology\thas\tbeen\tdetermined,\tthe\tsystems\tbiology-based\npractitioner\toften\tuses\tstool\ttesting\tto\tprovide\tmore\tquantitative\tand\tspecific\tfunctional\tinformation\nregarding\tthe\tcondition\tof\tthe\tgut\tenvironment\tand\tmicrobiology.\tLabo... | [
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markers\tsuch\tas\tcalprotectin,\tlactoferrin,\tand\tpancreatic\telastase\t1\tin\tthe\tgut,\tmuch\tlike\nsedimentation\trate\tor\tCRP-hs\tand\timmunoglobulin\tA\t(IgA)\tare\tmarkers\tof\tinflammation\tin\tthe\tblood\n(\nGommerman,\t2014\n).\tBecause\tthe\tGI\ttract\tcontains\tabout\t70%\tof\tthe\timmune\tsystem,\tit\ti... | [
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to\tassess\tthe\tcondition\tof\tthe\tGI\ttract—from\tthe\tmouth\tto\tthe\tanus—as\tpart\tof\tthe\ttotal\tinflammatory\nload\tof\tan\n\tindividual\t(\nUnderwood,\t2014\n).\tA\tnew\tfield\tof\tstudy\tregarding\tdiseases\tthat\tare\trelated\tto\ndisturbances\tin\tthe\tgut\tenvironment\tand\tthe\timmune\tsystem\tis\tcalled... | [
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FIG.\t7.2\nEnteroimmunology.\nHypercoagulation\nWith\tinflammation\tcomes\tan\tincreasingly\tunhealthy\tdegree\tof\tcoagulation\twithin\tbody\tfluids.\tAt\nsome\tpoint,\tthe\tmicroenvironment\tbecomes\ttoo\tcongested,\tfacilitating\tthe\tdevelopment\tof\tchronic\ndiseases\tsuch\tas\tcancer,\tcardiovascular\tdisease,\ta... | [
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(\nKarabudak\tet\tal,\t2008\n).\tThis\tincrease\tin\t\nbody\tfluid\tviscosity\n\tpromotes\tsecretion\tof\tmore\nproinflammatory\timmune\tcytokines\tand\tchemokines\tthat\tcan\tset\tthe\tstage\tfor\tchronic\tdisease.\nAutophagy\n\tis\tthe\tnormal\tresponse\tto\traise\tthe\tlevel\tof\tproteolytic\tenzymes\tto\t“clean\tup... | [
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0.03912... |
debris\tand\tprepare\tit\tfor\trecycling\tor\telimination\t(\nGottleib\tand\tMentzer,\t2010\n;\t\nGurkar\tet\tal,\t2013\n;\nRahman\tand\tRhim,\t2017\n;\t\nWallace\tet\tal,\t2014\n).\nDietary\tfactors\thelping\tmaintain\n\thealthy\tfluid\tviscosity\tare\thydration,\tplant-based\tdiets,\npolyunsaturated\tfatty\tacids\t(P... | [
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Naghedi-Baghdar\tet\tal,\n2018\n).\tCommon\tbiomarkers\tof\tincreased\tbody\tfluid\tviscosity\tare\tblood\tfibrinogen\twith\tplatelets,\tand\nurinalysis\tmeasurements\tof\tspecific\tgravity\tand\tthe\tpresence\tof\t“cloudiness”\tor\tmucus.\nInfection\nAcute\tinfections\tare\teasily\trecognized\tand\n\tdiagnosed\tbecaus... | [
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diagnosed\tbecause\tof\ttheir\tblatant\tsigns\tand\tsymptoms\nsuch\tas\tfever,\tleukocytosis,\tpus,\tand\ttachycardia.\tSubclinical\tinfection\tprocesses,\ton\tthe\tcontrary,\nmay\tgo\tunnoticed\tfor\tyears\tor\tdecades\twhile\tpromoting\ta\t“smoldering,”\tunder-the-radar,\ninflammatory\tcondition\tthat\twears\taway\ta... | [
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are\thepatitis\tC\tvirus\t(HCV),\twhich\tbegins\tas\tan\tacute\tinfection\n\tbut\tpersists\tas\ta\tchronic\tinfection\tin\nthe\tliver\t(\nVescovo\tet\tal,\t2014\n),\tand\thuman\tpapilloma\tvirus\t(HPV),\twhich\tbecomes\tchronic\tin\tcervical\ntissue\tand\tmay\tlead\tto\tcervical\tcancer.\nAll\tchronic\tinfections\trais... | [
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are\texacerbated\tby\tnutrient\tinsufficiencies\tand\tdeficiencies\tand\timbalances\tbetween\tprooxidant\tand\nantioxidant\tconditions\n\t(\nCokluk\tet\tal,\t2015\n).\tOther\tnutrients,\twhen\tinsufficient\tfor\toptimum\tfunction,\nare\tinvolved\tin\tpermitting\tchronic\tinfections\tto\tpersist\tover\tdecades\tinclude\... | [
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and\tmethylation\tnutrients\tsuch\tas\tfolate,\tB\n12\n,\tB\n6\n,\tand\tB\n2\n,\twhich\tact\tas\tconutrients\tin\tinflammation\nand\timmune-control\tmechanisms\t(\nAmes,\t2010\n).\tIn\taddition,\tthe\thealth\tof\tthe\tmicrobiome\tin\tthe\ngastrointestinal\ttract,\n\tthe\tskin,\tand\tother\tbody\torifices\tplays\ta\tcri... | [
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immune\tstrength\tor\tweakness.\nStress\nStress\tis\tproinflammatory.\tThe\tsources\tof\tmetabolic\tstress\tmay\tinclude\tinjury,\tinfection,\nmusculoskeletal\tmisalignment,\tlack\tof\tsleep,\tstrong\temotions,\tunhealthy\tdiet,\tsmoking,\tquality-of-life\nchallenges,\tor\tlack\tor\texcess\tof\tphysical\tactivity.\tWha... | [
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nutrient\nrequirements\tcontributing\tto\tdepletion\tand\tthe\tlevel\tof\toxidative\tstress\trisks\tdamage\tto\tbody\tcells\nand\ttissues. | [
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Nutrient\tmodulators\tof\tinflammation\nFor\tthe\tthree\t\nprostaglandins\n\tand\ttheir\tmetabolites\tformed\tfrom\tthe\t\neicosanoid\tcascade\n,\tthere\tare\nvitamin,\tmineral,\tand\tantioxidant\tnutrients\tand\thormones\tthat\tact\tas\trate-limiting\tcofactors\tfor\tthe\nshared\tdelta-5\tand\tdelta-6\tdesaturase\n\ta... | [
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and\tthe\telongase\tenzymes.\tThese\tenzymes\tare\trequired\tfor\nconversion\tof\tthe\tessential\tfatty\tacids\t(EFA)\tand\tPUFAs\tto\tprostaglandins.\tThese\tconutrients,\tlisted\nin\t\nFigs.\t7.3\n\tand\t\n7.4\n,\thave\tthe\timportant\tability\tto\tmodulate\tthe\tfatty\tacids\tand\ttheir\tantiinflammatory | [
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products\tthat\thave\tkey\troles\tin\tthe\tpathophysiology\tof\tchronic\tdisease\tand\tsystemic\tinflammation\nthat\tcontributes\tto\tits\tprogression.\nFIG.\t7.3\nMechanisms\tof\tessential\tfatty\tacids\tand\teicosanoid\tmetabolites\tin\tmodulating\tinflammation.\nInflammatory\tbiological\tresponses\tare\tdriven\tby\t... | [
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switch,\tinfluenced\tby\tmessages\tfrom\thormones,\tlifestyle,\tand\tnutrient\tcofactors\t(see\tprimary\tenzyme\tnutrient-\ncofactors\tlisted\tin\tdiagram).\tThe\teicosanoid\tbiological\tcascade\tresponses\treceive\tenvironmental\n\tmessages\nfrom\tdiet,\tlifestyle,\tinfection,\tand\ttrauma.\tFrom\tthe\tessential\tfatt... | [
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are\tproduced\tdependent\ton\thormonal\tmessages,\tgenotype,\tand\tadequate\tnutrient\tcofactors\tof\tenzymatic\nconversion\tactivity.\tAcute\tinflammatory\ttriggers\tto\tinitiate\ta\thealing\tresponse\tfrom\tinfection\tor\ttrauma\tare\tthen\nresolved\tto\thomeostasis\tby\tspecialized\tproresolving\tmediators\n\t(SPM)\... | [
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(SPM)\tin\thealthy\tsubjects.\tThis\tcomplex\tdance\nof\tbiochemical\tactivity\tis\thandicapped\tby\tinterfering\tconditions\t(see\tactivity\tin\tRED)\tnoted\tin\tthe\tdiagram\nabove).\tNutrition\tstatus\tfrom\tregular\tintake\tover\tthe\tlife\tspan\tof\tessential\tfatty\tacids\tand\tnutrient\tdense\twhole | [
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foods\tbuild\tthe\tfoundation\tfor\thealthy\teicosanoid\tmanagement\tof\tacute\tand\tprolonged\tinflammation. | [
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FIG.\t7.4\nSummary\tof\tprimary\teicosanoid\tmetabolites\tand\tthe\tgenes\tresponsible\tfor\tconversion\tto\tdownstream\nmetabolites.\tChisaguano\tM,\tMontes\tR,\tPérez\tBerezo\tT,\tet\tal.\tGene\texpression\tof\tdesaturase\t(FADS1\tand\nFADS2)\tand\telongase\t(ELOVL5)\tenzymes\tin\tperipheral\tblood:\tassociation\twit... | [
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levels\tand\tatopic\teczema\tin\t4-year-old\tchildren.\t\nPloS\tOne\n\t2013;\t8,\te78245.\nIn\taddition\n\tto\tnutrient\tcofactors\tand\thormones\t(like\tinsulin)\tinfluencing\tthe\tbiochemistry\tof\tthe\neicosanoid\tand\tfatty\tacid\tmetabolism\tof\tan\tindividual,\tthere\tis\temerging\tevidence\tof\tgenotype\tand | [
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epigenetic\teffects\tfrom\tenvironmental\ttriggers\tthat\taffect\tthe\tgenetic\texpression.\tThe\tkey\tgenes\nmodulating\tthe\tconversion\tenzymes\tare\tFAD1,\tFAD2,\tand\tELOVL5\t(see\t\nChapter\t6\n).\tThe\tomega-6\tand\nomega-3\teicosanoids\talso\n\tshare\tthe\tthree\tgenes\tthat\tcan\tinfluence\tan\tindividual’s\ta... | [
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efficiency\tof\tthe\tdesaturase\tand\telongase\tenzymes\tused\tin\tconversion\tof\tthe\teicosanoid\tmolecules\n(see\t\nFig.\t7.3\n).\nIf\tgenomic\ttest\tdata\tis\tavailable\tfor\tthe\tnutritionist\tin\tdeveloping\ta\tnutritional\tintervention,\tthe\nknowledge\tof\tthe\tinfluence\tof\tFAD1,\tFAD2,\tand\tELOVL5\ton\tthe\... | [
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0.0... |
enzymes\tcan\thelp\n\tguide\tan\tintervention\t(\nChisaguano\tet\tal,\t2013\n).\tChisaguano\tand\tcolleagues\tin\n2013\tdescribed\tthe\tfindings\tthat\tchildren\twho\thave\theterozygous\tor\thomozygous\tsingle\npolymorphisms\tfor\tthe\tFAD2\tand\tELOVL5\tgenes\tare\tat\tmuch\thigher\trisk\tof\tdeveloping\tthe | [
-0.026867393404245377,
-0.06957811117172241,
0.042287226766347885,
-0.026079626753926277,
-0.08036323636770248,
0.01818395033478737,
0.06447643041610718,
-0.0058133541606366634,
0.02345081977546215,
0.08933598548173904,
0.11161858588457108,
-0.07687671482563019,
-0.031018806621432304,
0.05... |
inflammatory\tcondition\tof\tatopic\teczema.\tUpon\tfatty\tacid\ttesting\tthese\tchildren\twere\tfound\tto\thave\nlower\tomega-6\tdihomo-γ-linolenic\tacid\t(DGLA)\tand\n\tarachidonic\tacid\t(AA)\t(\nChisaguano\tet\tal,\t2013\n).\nClinical\tapplication\tof\tthis\tinformation\tand\tthorough\tassessment\tof\tan\tindividua... | [
-0.03499239683151245,
-0.06397600471973419,
0.037581294775009155,
-0.008727281354367733,
-0.10843189060688019,
-0.008380891755223274,
0.06301388144493103,
0.02098350040614605,
0.027044957503676414,
0.07456333935260773,
0.1170208752155304,
-0.024612223729491234,
-0.0008643542532809079,
0.05... |
and\tdietary\tintake\tcan\tbe\tused\twhen\tdeveloping\ta\tnutrition\tplan\tto\tsupport\tadequate\tintake\tof\nessential\tfatty\tacids\t(see\t\nFigs.\t7.3\n\tand\t\n7.4\n).\nNutrient\tinsufficiencies\tand\timbalances\tthat\taccompany\tprolonged\tinflammation\tinitially\tcan\tgo\nunrecognized.\n\tAlong\twith\tpossible\ti... | [
-0.0075508588925004005,
-0.06392651796340942,
0.046968020498752594,
-0.003672672202810645,
-0.06454408168792725,
0.003659611800685525,
0.1021413654088974,
0.010194892063736916,
-0.02577522210776806,
0.04321420192718506,
0.12028039246797562,
-0.07164501398801804,
0.011684694327414036,
0.020... |
imbalances\tof\tthe\tbody\tnutrient\treservoirs.\tVarious\tstressors\tor\tgenomic\tsingle\tnucleotide\npolymorphisms\t(SNPs)\t(see\t\nChapter\t6\n)\tcan\talso\tcause\tincreased\tnutrient\trequirements\tto\tmeet\nmetabolic\tneeds,\tand\tthose\tdepleted\tnutrients\tbecome\t“\nconditionally\tessential\n”\tfor\tan\tindivid... | [
-0.05546826869249344,
-0.08900700509548187,
-0.000012758584489347413,
-0.045694172382354736,
-0.02990715578198433,
-0.009382029063999653,
0.04124395549297333,
0.08111926913261414,
-0.028407016769051552,
0.05709763988852501,
0.10555505752563477,
-0.04020029306411743,
-0.0072185201570391655,
... |
”\tfor\tan\tindividual.\nDr.\tRobert\tP.\tHeaney\thas\tprovided\n\ta\tsimplified\tconceptual\tdiagram\tcalled\tthe\tsigmoid\tcurve\tto\nillustrate\tthe\tconcepts\tof\tdynamic\tvaried\tnutrient\tneeds\tof\tthe\tphysiologic\t“nutrient\tneeds\nspectrum”\t(\nFig.\t7.5\n). | [
-0.0186908021569252,
-0.05962138622999191,
0.024088017642498016,
-0.019971176981925964,
-0.04742484167218208,
0.022914255037903786,
0.10567650198936462,
0.04322446137666702,
-0.006551241036504507,
0.03543081507086754,
0.10222820937633514,
-0.049403246492147446,
0.00041788132512010634,
0.03... |
FIG.\t7.5\nSigmoid\tCurve\t(Heaney,\t2010)\t\n\tSource:\t\nPERMISSION\tBY\tROBERT\tHEANEY\tHeaney\tRP:\tThe\tNutrient\tProblem,\nNutr\tRev\n\t70:165,\t2012.\nNutriture\n\tis\ta\tterm\tthat\trefers\tto\tthe\tstate\tof\tnutrition.\tSkill\tin\tassessing\tthe\tnutriture\tof\tbody\ntissues\trequires\tknowledge\tabout\tnutri... | [
-0.025735286995768547,
-0.040516581386327744,
0.025049686431884766,
-0.005008499138057232,
-0.07163014262914658,
0.03813164681196213,
0.11392766982316971,
0.020138220861554146,
-0.03862651437520981,
0.05044148117303848,
0.09618420153856277,
-0.06468723714351654,
0.029136842116713524,
0.050... |
hormones,\tnutrients,\t\nreactive\toxygen\tspecies\t[ROS]\n).\tManipulating\tbiologic\n\tfunction\twith\nnutrition\tmust\tinclude\tconsideration\tof\tthe\t“rate\tlimiting”\trestrictions\ton\ta\tbiochemical\tsystem.\tLike\na\tfood\trecipe,\tif\tany\tingredient\tis\tinadequate\tor\tmissing,\tthe\tfinal\tproduct\tis\tflaw... | [
-0.008140133693814278,
-0.09289848804473877,
0.006268758326768875,
0.0631483793258667,
-0.05627767741680145,
0.045117344707250595,
0.06852740049362183,
0.04378058388829231,
-0.04749853163957596,
0.04920985922217369,
0.10084952414035797,
-0.05063224211335182,
0.0006695962511003017,
-0.00125... |
Examples\tof\tsome\tcritical\tnutrient-partner\tbalances\tare\tomega-6\tand\tomega-3\tfatty\tacids,\tvitamin\nD\tand\tvitamin\tA,\tmagnesium\tand\tcalcium,\tand\tfolate,\tB\n6\n,\tB\n2\n,\tand\tB\n12\n.\tIn\twhole\tor\tunprocessed\n\tfoods,\nthese\tnutrients\tnaturally\texist\tin\tbalance,\tsuch\tas\tvitamin\tA\tand\tD... | [
-0.029113972559571266,
-0.026516934856772423,
-0.011408591642975807,
0.004994257818907499,
-0.0889783650636673,
0.05348920822143555,
0.0706309974193573,
-0.03633763641119003,
-0.004899164196103811,
0.039215341210365295,
0.11365977674722672,
-0.04348691180348396,
0.04180007800459862,
0.0186... |
eggs\t(see\t\nBox\t7.1\n).\nThe\tnutrient\tpartners\tmost\tstrongly\tassociated\twith\tinfluencing\tprolonged\tinflammation\tare\ndiscussed\tbelow.\nOmega-6\tlinoleic\tacid\tand\tomega-3\talpha-linolenic\tacid\t(essential\tfatty\tacids)\nFish\tingestion\tseveral\ttimes\ta\tweek\thas\tbeen\tassociated\twith\treduced\tri... | [
-0.02675660513341427,
-0.016025597229599953,
0.07040737569332123,
-0.04944953694939613,
-0.11428645998239517,
0.014781448990106583,
0.0429719053208828,
-0.003157164203003049,
-0.02954714186489582,
0.046427998691797256,
0.10443908721208572,
-0.11459589004516602,
-0.04926415905356407,
-0.000... |
chronic\tdisease,\nespecially\tcardiac\tdisease.\tIt\tis\ta\tcharacteristic\tof\tthe\tMediterranean\tDiet\t(\nPallauf\tet\tal,\t2013\n),\tthe\nAsian\tDiet\t(\nKruk,\t2014\n),\tand\tthe\tmore\trecently\tstudied\tNordic\tor\tViking\tDiet\tdescribed\tin\tthe\nSystems\tBiology\tin\tControlled\tDietary\tInterventions\tand\t... | [
0.00011534689110703766,
-0.06193281710147858,
0.06096472963690758,
-0.03865065425634384,
-0.11650088429450989,
0.033662304282188416,
0.08379022777080536,
0.021743537858128548,
0.0066736419685184956,
0.060609690845012665,
0.11289029568433762,
-0.005796192213892937,
0.02402290515601635,
0.04... |
Kolehmainen\tet\nal,\t2015\n;\t\nUusitupa\tet\tal,\t2013\n).\tThe\thuman\tmetabolism\tof\toils\tin\tfish\tand\ttheir\tbioactive\n\tmediators\nprovide\timportant\tfactors\tin\tinflammatory\tprocesses.\tThe\trelationship\tof\tdiet\tto\tinflammatory\nbiochemistry\tsupports\ta\tstrong\tposition\tfor\tthe\tnutritionist\tto\... | [
-0.011285367421805859,
-0.06698089838027954,
0.027465077117085457,
-0.06991536915302277,
-0.0772646889090538,
0.027413563802838326,
0.09269595891237259,
0.01297290250658989,
-0.017005853354930878,
0.0645723044872284,
0.09634725004434586,
-0.05989188700914383,
0.0015776560176163912,
0.04145... |
ensure\tadequate\tbalance\tof\tthe\teicosanoid-producing\tfoods\tthat\tdecrease\tinflammation.\nThree\tmain\tgroups\tof\tprostaglandin\tmetabolites\tare\tformed\tfrom\tthe\ttwo\tinitial\tessential\tfatty\nacids\n\tin\tthe\teicosanoid\tcascade\t(linoleic\tacid\t[LA]\tand\talpha-linolenic\tacid\t[ALA]):\tprostaglandin\t1 | [
-0.027487142011523247,
-0.07401694357395172,
0.02743217535316944,
-0.05749601870775223,
-0.0508558489382267,
0.010103963315486908,
0.07291948795318604,
0.03570469468832016,
0.020297186449170113,
0.04483655095100403,
0.11383897811174393,
-0.08388183265924454,
0.019681965932250023,
0.0349828... |
(PGE1)\t(omega\t6\tDGLA-derived\tantiinflammatory),\tprostaglandin\t2\t(PGE2)\t(omega\t6-arachidonic-\nderived\tproinflammatory),\tand\tprostaglandin\t3\t(PGE3)\t(omega\t3-derived\tantiinflammatory).\tThese\nmetabolites\tare\tprecursors\tfor\ta\twide\trange\tof\tbioactive\tlipid\tmediators\tinfluencing\tinflammation.\n... | [
-0.08896703273057938,
-0.07430971413850784,
0.014690354466438293,
-0.043170470744371414,
-0.0600774809718132,
-0.04572000727057457,
0.04656827822327614,
0.046501170843839645,
0.06139938905835152,
-0.026387490332126617,
0.023170484229922295,
0.04250497370958328,
-0.08208606392145157,
0.0020... |
The\tRDN\tcan\tassess\n\tand\tthen\tdevelop\tan\tindividualized\tintervention\tto\treturn\tthe\tindividual’s\nmetabolic\tbalance\tin\tthese\tthree\tgroups\tof\tmetabolites\tof\tthe\teicosanoid\tseries.\tThe\tmost\taccurate\nway\tto\tassess\tfatty\tacid\tstatus\tis\tto\tevaluate\tdietary\tfat\tintake\t(\nTable\t7.5\n),\... | [
0.028330544009804726,
-0.08700153231620789,
0.04445968195796013,
-0.027109013870358467,
-0.12857449054718018,
-0.03139927610754967,
0.0935915857553482,
0.0444246381521225,
0.025303853675723076,
0.050771959125995636,
0.10562223196029663,
-0.03833423927426338,
0.024772800505161285,
0.0351966... |
Table\t7.5\n),\tabsorptive\tcapacity\t(bile\nadequacy,\tpancreatic\tfunction),\tand\tRBC\tfatty\tacids\t(\nKelley\tet\tal,\t2009\n).\tCollecting\tthis\tnutrition\tdata\nfor\tan\tindividual\n\tduring\tassessment\tcan\treveal\timportant\tunderlying\tphysiologic\timbalances. | [
0.0410262793302536,
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0.021874602884054184,
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0.0034787754993885756,
0.1008748784661293,
0.08162646740674973,
0.002852963749319315,
0.0569305345416069,
0.10006751865148544,
-0.052647773176431656,
-0.010865919291973114,
0.04035914... |
TABLE\t7.5\nFat-Oil\tDietary\tIntake\tSurvey\nFats\tand\tOils\nPlease\tindicate\thow\tmany\ttimes\tPER\tWEEK\tyou\teat\tthe\tfollowing\tfats/oils.\nOMEGA\t9\n\t\n(stabilizer)\nOleic\tFatty\tAcid\n∼50%\tof\tdaily\tfat\tcalories\n__\tAlmond\tOil\n__\tAlmonds\n__\tAlmond\tbutter\n__\tAvocados\n__\tPeanuts\n__\tPeanut\tbut... | [
-0.04177657142281532,
-0.07517090439796448,
0.05410418659448624,
0.014956527389585972,
-0.00905640795826912,
0.03377552703022957,
0.06279940903186798,
0.012324140407145023,
-0.024402296170592308,
-0.0032521041575819254,
0.1089499220252037,
-0.08657675981521606,
-0.00172293814830482,
-0.029... |
__\tOlives\t/\tOlive\tOil\n__\tCashews\n__\tSesame\nSeeds/Tahini\n__\tHummus\t(tahini\toil)\n__\tMacadamia\tNuts\n__\tPine\tNuts\nOMEGA\t6\n\t\n(controllers)\nEssential\tFatty\tAcid\tFamily\n∼30%\tof\tdaily\tfat\tcalories\nLA→GLA→DGLA→AA\n__\tEggs\t(whole),\torganic\t(AA)\n__\tMeats\t(commercial)\t(AA)\n__\tMeats\t(gra... | [
-0.08196660131216049,
-0.06343473494052887,
-0.0026695861015468836,
-0.023373354226350784,
-0.07090628147125244,
-0.013153578154742718,
0.057723574340343475,
0.044738009572029114,
0.01929204724729061,
0.022321434691548347,
0.12409811466932297,
-0.04338201880455017,
0.03205711767077446,
-0.... |
__\tMeats\t(grass-fed,\torg)\t(AA)\n__\tBrazil\tnuts\t(raw)\n__\tPecan\t(raw)\n__\tHazelnuts/Filberts\t(raw)\n__Seed\toils\t(cold-press)\n__\tEvening\tPrimrose\n(GLA)\n__\tBlack\tCurrant\tOil\n(GLA)\n__\tBorage\tOil\t(GLA)\n__\tHemp\tOil\t/\tseeds\n__\tGrapeseed\tOil\n__\tSunflower\n\tSeeds\n(raw)\n__\tPumpkin\tseeds\n... | [
-0.11273527145385742,
-0.059203650802373886,
0.0439113974571228,
0.0193028561770916,
-0.024198871105909348,
0.02317323535680771,
0.051755137741565704,
0.00025792853557504714,
-0.007373370695859194,
-0.006950558628886938,
0.08789312839508057,
-0.07802629470825195,
-0.011945637874305248,
-0.... |
(raw)\nOMEGA\n\t\n(fluidity/communicators)\nEssential\tFatty\tAcid\tFamily\n∼10%\tof\tdaily\tfat\tcalories\nALA→EPA→DHA\n__\tFish\tOil\tcapsule:\t↑\tDHA\n__\tFish\tOil\tcapsule:\t↑\tTEPA\n__\tFish\t(salmon/fin-fish)\n__\tFish\t(shellfish)\n__\tFlax\tseeds/meal\n__\tFlax\tOil\t(cold-press)\n__\tUDO’s\tDHA\tOil\n__\tAlga... | [
-0.07410582154989243,
-0.04189258813858032,
0.035244811326265335,
-0.008573761209845543,
-0.07563668489456177,
0.018846720457077026,
0.06040555611252785,
-0.01896115019917488,
-0.02320844866335392,
-0.047480225563049316,
0.11410345137119293,
-0.13914541900157928,
-0.00841565802693367,
0.02... |
__\tGreens\tPowder\nw/algae\n__\tChia\tseeds\nBENEFICIAL\tSATURATED\n\t\n(structure)\nShort-chain/Medium-chain\tTriglycerides\n∼10%\tof\tdaily\tfat\tcalories\n__\tCoconut\tOil\n__\tButter,\torganic\n__\tGhee\t(clarified\tbutter)\n__\tDairy,\traw\t&\torganic\n__\tMeats,\tgrass-fed\n__\tWild\tgame\n__\tPoultry,\torganic\... | [
-0.08299187570810318,
-0.049282174557447433,
0.041361063718795776,
0.007685650605708361,
-0.021445685997605324,
0.004154654685407877,
0.03907708823680878,
0.006918986793607473,
-0.03236417472362518,
-0.02628823183476925,
0.15662701427936554,
-0.08451831340789795,
0.008052504621446133,
-0.0... |
__\tEggs,\twhole\norganic\nDAMAGED\tFATS/OILS\n\t\n(promoting\nstress\tto\tcells\t&\ttissues)\nShould\tbe\t<5%\t(try\tto\tavoid)\nTrans\tFats\nAcrylamides\nOdd-Chain\tFatty\tAcids\nVLCFA/damaged\n__\tMargarine\n__\tReg.\tvegetable\toils\t(corn,\nsunflower,\tcanola)\n__\tMayonnaise\t(Commercial)\n__\tHydrogenated\tOil\t... | [
-0.05162610486149788,
-0.05725903436541557,
0.06401722133159637,
-0.015612523071467876,
-0.029070556163787842,
-0.006217971909791231,
0.03649905323982239,
0.03511292114853859,
-0.001810870599001646,
-0.05461709573864937,
0.11915615200996399,
-0.025732871145009995,
0.019663862884044647,
-0.... |
ingredient)\n__\t“Imitation”\tcheeses\n__\tTempura\n__\tDoughnuts\t(fried)\n__\tDeep-fried\tfoods\n__\tChips\tfried\tin\toil\n__\tRegular\tsalad\ndressing\n__\tPeanut\tButter\t(JIF,\netc.)\n__\tRoasted\tnuts\t/\nseeds\n__\tProducts\twith\nhydrogenated\tfats\n©2004,\tDiana\tNoland\tMPH,\tRDN,\tCCN,\tIFMCP,\tLD\nThe\tbal... | [
-0.05473676696419716,
-0.06614674627780914,
0.03473205864429474,
-0.033825863152742386,
-0.07770276814699173,
0.006492059677839279,
0.054816290736198425,
-0.020456839352846146,
-0.021303992718458176,
-0.051191408187150955,
0.16552329063415527,
-0.08856984972953796,
0.02238386683166027,
-0.... |
©2004,\tDiana\tNoland\tMPH,\tRDN,\tCCN,\tIFMCP,\tLD\nThe\tbalance\n\tbetween\tthe\ttwo\teicosanoid\tsignaling\tmolecule\tpathways\t(derived\tfrom\tthe\tessential\nPUFAs,\tomega-3\tALA,\tand\tomega-6\tLA\tor\tdietary\tintake),\texerts\tinflammatory\tcontrol\tin\tresponse\tto\nthe\tmetabolic\tenvironment\t(\nGil\tet\tal,... | [
-0.05078776180744171,
-0.04766596853733063,
0.00360422907397151,
-0.07532983273267746,
-0.09641453623771667,
-0.05384919419884682,
0.02792719379067421,
0.0540568009018898,
0.014181937091052532,
0.06439299881458282,
0.09628119319677353,
-0.019826430827379227,
-0.004386525135487318,
0.063138... |
;\tPatton,\t2014,\t\nZreik\tand\tBehrman,\t2018\n).\tProstaglandins\ncontribute\tto\tthe\tregulation\tof\tvascular\ttone,\tplatelet\tfunction,\tand\tfertility\t(\nRicciotti\tand\tFitzGerald,\n2011\n;\t\nStipanuk\tand\tCaudill,\t2013\n;\t\nKemiläinen\tet\tal,\t2016\n).\tThey\talso\tplay\tkey\troles\tas\tinflammatory | [
-0.043479494750499725,
-0.05757623538374901,
0.008791978470981121,
-0.0779212936758995,
-0.11340141296386719,
0.07135532051324844,
0.11993430554866791,
0.04004305601119995,
-0.001627777935937047,
0.05359547585248947,
0.10040285438299179,
-0.031876105815172195,
-0.06428687274456024,
0.05039... |
;\t\nKemiläinen\tet\tal,\t2016\n).\tThey\talso\tplay\tkey\troles\tas\tinflammatory\nmediators\tand\tmodulators\tof\ttumor\tbiology\tand\tare\tmajor\tregulators\tof\tgrowth\tand\ttransport\tin\nepithelial\tcells\t(\nVarga\tet\tal,\t2014\n).\tThe\tmetabolism\tof\tthese\thormone-like\tmolecules\tis\tmodulated\tby | [
-0.003909085411578417,
-0.04972139000892639,
0.021249715238809586,
-0.06240575760602951,
-0.07648346573114395,
0.012068474665284157,
0.09906750917434692,
0.052352067083120346,
0.01261027529835701,
0.07396332174539566,
0.1111832931637764,
-0.0345882922410965,
-0.009890615940093994,
0.075851... |
).\tThe\tmetabolism\tof\tthese\thormone-like\tmolecules\tis\tmodulated\tby\ndietary\tintake\tand\tare\tof\tprimary\timportance\tto\tthe\tRDN\twhen\tconsidering\tthe\tsource\tof\tchronic\ninflammation.\tThe\thormone-like\tprostaglandins\n\tformed\tas\tdownstream\tmetabolites\tare\tthe\tprimary | [
0.013395672664046288,
-0.07240496575832367,
0.055670443922281265,
-0.05564529448747635,
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0.013650086708366871,
0.07049425691366196,
0.027675393968820572,
0.050652436912059784,
0.06842754036188126,
0.06064755842089653,
-0.047805070877075195,
0.02007957361638546,
0.05514... |
formed\tas\tdownstream\tmetabolites\tare\tthe\tprimary\nmetabolic\tcontrol\tfor\tacute\tand\tchronic\tinflammation.\tThe\tseminal\tobservation\tthat\tomega-3\tEPA\ncould\tmodulate\teicosanoid\tbiosynthesis\tto\tsuppress\tarachidonic\tacid\tbiosynthesis,\tan\tomega-6\tfatty\nacid,\twas\tfirst\tmade\tin\t1962\t(Machlin)\... | [
-0.06381382793188095,
0.016655271872878075,
0.020888876169919968,
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0.04714573174715042,
0.05630750209093094,
-0.09458745270967484,
-0.03473515436053276,
-0.00... |
the\tuse\tof\tfish\tand\tfish\toil\tsupplements\tto\treduce\tinflammation\n\tby\tsuppressing\tthe\tproinflammatory\narachidonic\tacid.\tOmega-3\tDHA\t(C22)\tis\tan\tinteresting\tmolecule\tformed\tfrom\tthe\teicosanoid\t20-\ncarbon\tcascade\twith\tantiinflammatory\teffects\t(\nShichiri\tet\tal,\t2014\n;\t\nKemiläinen\te... | [
-0.046081580221652985,
-0.02176009491086006,
0.003129024524241686,
-0.05557604506611824,
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0.017091544345021248,
0.061453402042388916,
0.02240101620554924,
0.015992579981684685,
0.0609600730240345,
0.08147331327199936,
-0.09211473166942596,
-0.027835778892040253,
0.0454... |
Shichiri\tet\tal,\t2014\n;\t\nKemiläinen\tet\tal,\t2016\n).\tEPA\tand\ndocosahexaenoic\tacid\t(DHA)\tare\tfound\tin\tfish\toil,\tas\twell\tas\tDHA\tbeing\tfound\tin\talgae.\tDHA\tand\tEPA\nare\tbiochemically\treversible,\tmeaning\tthey\tcan\tbe\tmetabolized\tfrom\tone\n\tmolecule\tto\tthe\tother.\tDHA\nis\ta\tcritical\... | [
-0.027176562696695328,
-0.019131936132907867,
0.03327114135026932,
-0.046900782734155655,
-0.12046754360198975,
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0.08801539242267609,
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0.0057038720697164536,
0.06409749388694763,
0.09184029698371887,
-0.06399153172969818,
0.05558869615197182,
0.0412... |
modulation\tof\tmetabolic\tinflammation.\tEPA,\tDHA,\tand\tAA\tcan\tproduce\tthe\tmore\tnewly\trecognized\nspecialized\tproresolving\tmediators\t(SPMs)\n,\tincluding\t\nresolvins\n,\t\nprotectins\n,\t\nmaresins\n,\tand\nlipoxins\n,\tthat\treduce\tinflammation\tduring\tevents\tlike\tinjury,\tinfection,\tand\tantigen\tex... | [
0.02399255335330963,
-0.07575134932994843,
-0.011086215265095234,
-0.03234054520726204,
-0.0986139103770256,
0.009729443117976189,
0.1344584971666336,
0.03485166281461716,
0.009205314330756664,
0.0690813809633255,
0.1257948875427246,
-0.017847558483481407,
0.059720005840063095,
0.045045383... |
The\nbody\thas\tredundant\tsystems\tto\tprovide\tessential\tmolecules\tfor\tmetabolism.\nThe\tkey\teicosanoid\tmetabolic\tintersections\tin\tthe\t\neicosanoid\tcascade\n\tare\tomega-6\tGLA,\tDGLA,\nand\tAA\tpromoting\tthe\tantiinflammatory\tPGE1\tand\tproinflammatory\tPGE2\tseries\twhile\tcoexisting | [
-0.023027867078781128,
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0.028884850442409515,
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0.07296682149171829,
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0.07983200997114182,
0.08184737712144852,
-0.046639785170555115,
-0.01633610762655735,
0.068... |
with\tomega-3\tEPA\tand\tDHA,\tpromoting\tthe\tantiinflammatory\tPGE3\tseries.\tAs\tthe\tknowledge\tof\tthe\nfunctions\tof\tthese\teicosanoid\tmetabolites\n\thas\tmatured\tover\tthe\tpast\t50\tyears,\ttheir\tsynergistic\nrelationships\tand\tthe\tneed\tto\tkeep\tthem\tin\thomeostatic\tbalance\tis\tnow\tappreciated\t(\nD... | [
0.015978941693902016,
-0.032264020293951035,
0.029609868302941322,
-0.05120890587568283,
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0.0010963688837364316,
0.06690553575754166,
-0.016379352658987045,
0.033204853534698486,
0.059095598757267,
0.0912720337510109,
-0.07385196536779404,
0.000877208192832768,
0.05739... |
omega-6\tand\tomega-3\teicosanoids\tshare\tthe\tsame\tdesaturase\tand\telongase\tenzymes,\tso\tthere\tis\ta\ncompetition\tbetween\tthe\ttwo,\twhere\tproduction\tof\tbiologically\tactive\tEPA\tand\tDHA\tis\tdependent\ton\nthe\tavailability\tof\tcofactor\tnutrients\t(\nReed\tet\tal,\t2014\n).\nIt\tis\tnow\tknown\tthat\tf... | [
-0.03177935257554054,
-0.0432128868997097,
0.059286344796419144,
0.009237964637577534,
-0.07832373678684235,
0.043517619371414185,
0.05485979840159416,
0.026742983609437943,
-0.0058156512677669525,
0.05550510436296463,
0.09930594265460968,
-0.06033886969089508,
-0.03822557255625725,
0.0177... |
inflammation\tby\tmodification\tof\teicosanoid\tmetabolism\tto\tfavor\tsynthesis\tof\tantiinflammatory\nprostaglandins\tand\t\nleukotrienes\n\t(produced\tby\tthe\toxidation\tof\tAA).\tAssessment\tof\tdietary\tfat\tintake\nand\ttissue\tstatus\tprovides\tmore\ttargeted\tinformation\tthat\tcan\thelp\tmanage\tchronic\tinfl... | [
-0.03273148462176323,
-0.08155671507120132,
0.02775735780596733,
-0.012576908804476261,
-0.04412691667675972,
0.05347254127264023,
0.0706804171204567,
0.06625516712665558,
-0.007497399114072323,
0.0504215732216835,
0.07777290046215057,
-0.023318184539675713,
0.051278699189424515,
0.0643597... |
(\nArm\tet\tal,\t2013\n;\t\nDahlin\tand\tWeiss,\t2016\n).\tAs\tmore\trandomized\tcontrolled\ttrial\t(RCT)\tstudies\tare\navailable,\tit\tis\thoped\tthis\twill\tresult\tin\tan\timproved\tmodel\tfor\tthe\tstudy\tof\tnutrient\tsynergistic\ninfluences\ton\tmetabolism.\tWergeland\tand\tcolleagues\tdesigned\ta\tmultivariable... | [
-0.024984022602438927,
-0.00722770718857646,
0.04289723187685013,
-0.03602761775255203,
-0.06587007641792297,
0.03424790874123573,
0.04873219132423401,
0.005372602492570877,
0.035083699971437454,
0.049065038561820984,
0.09504333138465881,
-0.008081058040261269,
0.04170642048120499,
0.03322... |
combination\tof\tfatty\tacid\ttherapies\tthat\tshowed\ta\tsuppression\tof\tinflammation\tin\tmultiple\tsclerosis\ndescribed\tas\ta\t“beneficial\tdisease-modifying\n\teffect\tof\tincreased\tintake\tof\tpolyunsaturated\tfatty\tacids\n(PUFAs)”\t(\nWergeland\tet\tal,\t2012\n).\tEven\tas\tfar\tback\tas\t1993,\tBerth-Jones\t... | [
0.00038765714270994067,
-0.04852228984236717,
0.02115659974515438,
-0.02667287364602089,
-0.0950174406170845,
0.09148839116096497,
0.0662512481212616,
0.01129180658608675,
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0.0370689257979393,
0.04264626279473305,
-0.050424713641405106,
-0.01804249919950962,
0.00964467... |
).\tEven\tas\tfar\tback\tas\t1993,\tBerth-Jones\tand\tGraham-Brown\nhypothesized\tthat\t“since\tboth\tω6\tand\tω3\tessential\tfatty\tacids\tmay\tpossess\tantiinflammatory\nproperties,\tit\tis\tpossible\tthat\tgiving\tboth\ttogether\twill\thave\ta\tsynergistic\teffect”\t(1993).\tThere\tare\ta\ngrowing\tnumber\tof\tstudi... | [
-0.055774252861738205,
0.016406912356615067,
0.06686880439519882,
-0.0358232818543911,
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0.01908026449382305,
0.03461416810750961,
-0.010143047198653221,
0.03587546572089195,
0.015498574823141098,
0.05160876363515854,
-0.01254164520651102,
-0.027126900851726532,
-0.011587... |
growing\tnumber\tof\tstudies\ttargeting\tkey\teicosanoid\tand\n\tdownstream\tlipid\tmediators\twith\tthe\tability\nto\tmodulate\tphysiologic\tprocesses\tinvolving\timmunity,\thormonal\tbalance,\tinflammatory\tmediators,\nand\tcell\tmembrane\tintegrity\tincluding\tGLA\t(\nHorrobin\tet\tal,\t2002\n),\tDGLA\t(\nChisaguano... | [
-0.0007789082010276616,
-0.05343571677803993,
0.0412881001830101,
-0.05959886312484741,
-0.1252736896276474,
0.026681294664740562,
0.09498244524002075,
0.012282002717256546,
0.005763029679656029,
0.048719123005867004,
0.12405392527580261,
-0.05046992748975754,
-0.006297842133790255,
0.0507... |
),\nAA\t(\nCarlson\tet\tal,\t2018\n;\t\nAmézaga\tet\tal,\t2018\n),\tEPA,\tand\tDHA\t(\nHarris\tet\tal,\t2017\n).\nMetabolically,\tthe\tfive\tprimary\teicosanoids\t(GLA,\tDGLA,\tAA,\tEPA,\tDHA)\tcollaborate\n\tand\tcompete\nfor\tshared\tenzymes\tin\tforming\tthe\tprostaglandin\tgroups:\tPGE1,\tPGE2,\tand\tPGE3\tseries\t... | [
-0.06359880417585373,
0.006087952293455601,
0.007913199253380299,
-0.0382654070854187,
-0.06293722242116928,
0.009297417476773262,
0.060788534581661224,
0.02856106124818325,
0.026350881904363632,
0.04255268722772598,
0.07696621865034103,
-0.03256809338927269,
0.005057206843048334,
0.028097... |
Figs.\n7.3\n\tand\t\n7.4\n).\tEach\tplays\ta\tcritical\trole\tin\tthe\tcontrol\tof\tinflammatory\tconditions.\tUntil\tthe\tresearch\ninterest\tin\tthe\t1990s\tof\tthe\tdynamic\tinfluence\tomega-3\tEPA\thas\ton\televated\tomega-6\tAA,\tdietary\nintake\tof\tthe\tessential\tfatty\tacids\twas\tthe\tmain\tdeterminant\tof\tt... | [
0.022206509485840797,
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0.042191702872514725,
-0.06645414978265762,
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0.04363901913166046,
0.030803946778178215,
0.0035783357452601194,
0.02705860696732998,
0.11656178534030914,
0.09651903808116913,
-0.06760707497596741,
0.04286554455757141,
0.0678988... |
in\ttissue\ncomposition.\nHowever,\tas\tawareness\tof\tomega-3\tand\tits\tfunction\tincreased,\ta\tlarge\tportion\tof\tthe\tU.S.\npopulation\tis\tnow\tadding\tomega-3\tfatty\tacids\tto\ttheir\tregular\tnutraceutical\tintake.\tIn\tsome\nindividuals\twho\ttake\tmore\tthan\t500\tmg\tEPA\tand/or\tDHA\tdaily,\tthis\tmay\tca... | [
0.0296015627682209,
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0.038586314767599106,
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0.09275352954864502,
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0.003745466936379671,
0.06829667836427689,
0.0969424694776535,
-0.07312485575675964,
0.000785962154623121,
0.036853... |
biosynthesis\tto\tbe\tsuppressed\twith\tthe\tpotential\tto\tunbalance\tthe\tlevels\tof\tthese\ttwo\tmolecules\n(\nHorrobin\tet\tal,\t2002\n).\t“Nutrient\tpartners”\trequire\tbalance\tfor\toptimum\tmetabolic\tfunction.\tA\nnutrition\tassessment\tshould\tconsider\tthe\tfatty\tacid\tsupplements\ta\tclient\tis\ttaking\tand... | [
-0.00784469023346901,
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0.0408862866461277,
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0.05004490539431572,
0.041835278272628784,
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0.054055847227573395,
0.06798383593559265,
-0.055096834897994995,
0.0041677686385810375,
0.03... |
in\taddition\tto\tthe\tamount\tin\tthe\tdiet\tto\tassess\tthe\tpotential\tfor\timbalance\tof\teicosanoid\tand\tother\nlipid\tcellular\tcomponents.\tIf\tlaboratory\ttesting\tof\tfatty\tacid\tparameters\tis\tavailable,\ta\tquantitative\nevaluation\n\tof\tRBC\tor\tplasma\tfatty\tacids\tcan\tbe\tadded\tto\tthe\tnutritional... | [
0.038890138268470764,
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0.0625714585185051,
-0.05620049312710762,
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0.03739352151751518,
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0.027603646740317345,
0.04483696445822716,
0.09466604888439178,
-0.021264728158712387,
0.060473475605249405,
0.0576... |
Djoussé\tet\tal,\n2012\n;\t\nGuo\tet\tal,\t2010\n).\nProstaglandin\t1\tseries\t(PGE1):\tAntiinflammatory\nPGE1\tmetabolites\tare\tpart\tof\tthe\tbalancing\tact\tbetween\tprostaglandin\tgroups\tto\tmanage\ninflammation,\twith\ta\tprimary\tantiinflammatory\teffect\ton\tthe\ttissue\tmicroenvironment.\tPGE1\tis\nparticular... | [
0.003031941130757332,
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0.01264807116240263,
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0.0014274209970608354,
0.10810095816850662,
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0.037185195833444595,
0.038728807121515274,
0.03444860130548477,
-0.02947455272078514,
-0.009339802898466587,
0.0... |
particularly\timportant\tfor\tthe\teffects\tof\tGLA\tand\tits\n\tconversion\tto\tDGLA\tin\tmanaging\tinflammation.\nGLA\tnot\tonly\tattenuates\tintracellular\tinflammation\tby\tconverting\tto\tDGLA\t(\nArm\tet\tal,\t2013\n)\tbut\talso\nreduces\tinflammation\tin\tthe\textracellular\tmatrix\tas\tis\tpresent\tin\tdiabetic... | [
-0.0066549573093652725,
-0.07818097621202469,
0.019772524014115334,
-0.03481057286262512,
-0.13930656015872955,
-0.01734372228384018,
0.06217571347951889,
0.025457635521888733,
0.00865428987890482,
0.049977898597717285,
0.09905391186475754,
-0.013880184851586819,
0.001279909978620708,
0.06... |
Kim\tet\tal,\n2012\n).\tEvidence\tsuggests\tskin\tintegrity\tinvolved\twith\tautoimmune\tand\tother\tinflammatory\nconditions\thas\ta\t“conditionally\tessential”\t(\nDiSilvestro\tet\tal,\t2017\n)\tneed\tfor\tGLA\t(\nChung\tet\tal,\t2018\n;\nAndersson-Hall\tet\tal,\t2018\n).\nAnother\tphysiologic\tfunction\tof\tthe\tfat... | [
-0.011005494743585587,
-0.036585886031389236,
0.09530628472566605,
-0.025485822930932045,
-0.09172318875789642,
0.018127312883734703,
0.09902089089155197,
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0.0015290320152416825,
0.03431032970547676,
0.06155889108777046,
-0.06729277223348618,
0.04439827799797058,
0.01... |
balance,\tcan\tfunction\tas\tinhibitors\tof\ttumor\tcell\tproliferation\tand\tmigration\tin\tin-vitro\tand\tin-vivo\nconditions\t(\nRahman\tet\tal,\t2013\n;\t\nWang\tet\tal,\t2012\n;\t\nYao\tet\tal,\t2014\n).\nProstaglandin\t2\tseries\t(PGE2):\tProinflammatory\twhen\tin\texcess\nPGE2’s\n\tability\tto\tincrease\ttissue\... | [
-0.0492585226893425,
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0.021018965169787407,
-0.029082201421260834,
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0.06840350478887558,
0.048681505024433136,
0.03797776997089386,
0.018527034670114517,
0.07164911180734634,
-0.023215925320982933,
0.003982242662459612,
0.014... |
with\tpain,\tswelling,\tfever,\tredness,\tand\tconstriction\tof\tblood\tvessels\tthat\tlead\tto\tloss\tof\tfunction.\tAA\nincreases\twith\tacute\tinjury\tto\ttrigger\tinflammation\tand\tincreased\tblood\tflow\tfor\ttissue\thealing,\tbut\nwith\tthe\tprolonged\tcharacter\tof\tchronic\tdisease,\tAA\tcan\tget\t“stuck”\tin\... | [
0.011645276099443436,
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0.03998526930809021,
-0.04025308042764664,
-0.1120452880859375,
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0.127696231007576,
-0.012654970400035381,
0.00833277590572834,
0.026489196345210075,
0.09252513945102692,
-0.03233255445957184,
0.04397890344262123,
0.0376532... |
continue\n\tto\tdamage\ttissue\tand\tencourage\tdegeneration.\tNeoplastic\tdisease\tcan\toverproduce\tPGE2\nin\tthe\ttumor\tenvironment\tand\thas\tbeen\tfound\tto\tsimulate\tthe\tgrowth\tand\tformation\tof\ta\tsubstantial\nnumber\tof\tcarcinomas\t(\nGoodwin,\t2010\n).\nAA\tcan\tbecome\tdangerously\televated,\tespeciall... | [
-0.027226140722632408,
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0.05151919275522232,
-0.05026381090283394,
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0.009114444255828857,
0.098019540309906,
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0.07691194117069244,
0.127500981092453,
-0.060709428042173386,
0.02935819700360298,
0.0291056... |
EPA,\tand\tDHA\tto\tact\tas\tan\tAA\tcounterbalance.\tIn\tthe\tUnited\tStates\tand\tmost\tindustrialized\ncountries,\tsome\tpopulations\thave\thigh\tAA\tlevels\tbecause\tof\tlow\tintake\tof\tomega-3\toils\tand\tlarge\nintakes\tof\thighly\tprocessed\tPUFAs\tand\ttrans\tfats.\nThe\tpreponderance\tof\tinformation\tabout\t... | [
0.03001939319074154,
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0.048670146614313126,
-0.024220531806349754,
-0.07503536343574524,
-0.012101120315492153,
0.11250019073486328,
-0.0034820896107703447,
-0.022357266396284103,
0.06700250506401062,
0.07841978967189789,
-0.07738574594259262,
0.014084164053201675,
-0.... |
acknowledge\tthat\tAA\tin\thealthy\thumans\tcan\talso\thelp\tstabilize\tcell\tmembranes\tand\treduce\ninflammation.\tAA\thas\tessential\tfunctions\tin\tplatelet\taggregation\n\tand\tvasoconstriction,\tfor\texample.\nTargeted\tnutrition\ttherapy\tmust\thave\ta\tgoal\tof\thealthy\thomeostasis\trequiring\tmonitoring\tto\t... | [
-0.025755075737833977,
-0.029875298961997032,
0.06348045915365219,
-0.0400451123714447,
-0.10134417563676834,
-0.00953139178454876,
0.10582613945007324,
0.012287543155252934,
0.025578951463103294,
0.03196309506893158,
0.0705525279045105,
-0.09950946271419525,
0.00043382655712775886,
0.0358... |
omega-3\tsupplementation\tdoes\tnot\tcause\tAA\tlevels\tto\tfall\ttoo\tlow\t(\nKhan,\tS\tet\tal,\t2014\n).\nProstaglandin\t3\tseries\t(PGE3):\tAntiinflammatory\nAnother\taspect\tof\tantiinflammatory\taction\tlies\tin\tthe\tPGE3\tprostaglandin\tgroup\tand\ttheir\nmetabolites,\tleukotriene-5\tseries\n\tand\tothers,\twhic... | [
-0.06738223135471344,
-0.06466267257928848,
0.008783906698226929,
-0.011016642674803734,
-0.0388992540538311,
0.02060321904718876,
0.08330167829990387,
0.0166489165276289,
0.01924586482346058,
0.00544925918802619,
0.04236293584108353,
-0.037117525935173035,
-0.02475006692111492,
0.00526172... |
and\tothers,\twhich\tpromote\tsuppression\tof\tAA,\tGLA,\tand\tDGLA.\nThey\thave\tbeen\tmost\tstudied\tin\trelation\tto\tcardiovascular\tpathologies\tsuch\tas\tvascular\tand\ncoagulation\thealth,\tbut\toften\tthe\tsuppression\tof\tGLA\tgoes\tunnoticed\tand\tunappreciated\tpotentially\nsuppressing\tproduction\tof\tthe\t... | [
-0.014011000283062458,
-0.10860373824834824,
0.02751009538769722,
-0.02776436321437359,
-0.09564617276191711,
0.002656511263921857,
0.07171133160591125,
0.03187025710940361,
0.024412203580141068,
0.07918117940425873,
0.07495427131652832,
-0.023995326831936836,
0.005841528065502644,
0.08541... |
Lipoxygenases\t(LOX)\nLipoxygenases\t(LOX)\n\tare\tAA\tdownstream\n\tintermediates\tthat\tproduce\tinflammatory\tleukotrienes-4\n(PGE2)\tor\tantiinflammatory\tleukotrienes-5\t(PGE3).\tLOX-4\tand\tLOX-5\tmolecules\tcan\tmodulate\ninflammation,\tmostly\tas\tmediators\tof\tcell\tsignaling\tand\tas\tmodifiers\tof\tcell\tme... | [
-0.08373154699802399,
-0.08403247594833374,
-0.044503986835479736,
-0.05259239673614502,
-0.007133839186280966,
0.03582683578133583,
0.03857671096920967,
0.05882960185408592,
-0.025157244876027107,
-0.0008270434918813407,
0.017731672152876854,
-0.02820662222802639,
-0.02279302291572094,
0.... |
Practical\texamples\tof\tstructural\tchanges\tare\tin\tred\tblood\tcell\tmaturation,\tmodification\tof\tlung\nbarrier\tfunction\tto\timprove\tbronchial\tfunction\tin\tasthma\tconditions,\n\tand\tothers.\tThe\tLOX\tmolecules\nalso\tact\tas\ta\tsubstrate\tin\tthe\tmobilization\tof\tfatty\tacids\tin\tmembranes\tinvolving\... | [
-0.055420007556676865,
-0.06096905097365379,
0.024979986250400543,
-0.014376124367117882,
-0.05982382968068123,
-0.05312566086649895,
0.08754077553749084,
0.07924607396125793,
-0.019863134250044823,
0.03801549971103668,
0.05651386082172394,
-0.04492137208580971,
0.011682470329105854,
0.068... |
metabolism\tof\tfatty\tacids.\tThe\tLOX\tare\texpressed\tmore\tintensely\tunder\tphysiologic\tstress\t(\nAllaj\tet\tal,\n2013\n).\nCyclooxygenases\t(COX)\nAnother\tgroup\tof\teicosanoid\tmetabolites,\tthe\t\ncyclooxygenase\t(COX)\n\tproducts,\thave\tan\timportant\nrole\tin\treproduction\tand\tin\tthe\tinflammatory\n\tr... | [
-0.045115675777196884,
-0.07618648558855057,
-0.030116772279143333,
-0.021766267716884613,
-0.027744460850954056,
0.04646043851971626,
0.01232998352497816,
0.06535739451646805,
-0.024160388857126236,
0.034049876034259796,
0.04706377536058426,
-0.008070687763392925,
0.026475561782717705,
0.... |
response\twith\tinflammatory\tCOX\t(PGE2)\tmolecules\tand\nantiinflammatory\tCOX\t(PGE1\tand\tPGE3).\nSpecialized\tproresolving\tmediators\t(SPM)\nMore\trecent\trecognition\tof\tfurther\tdownstream\tmetabolites\tof\ta\tdifferent\tclass\tare\tcalled\tSPMs\nderived\tfrom\tboth\tw3\tand\tw6\tPUFA.\tThese\tSPM\tlipid\tmole... | [
-0.047654055058956146,
-0.06217777729034424,
-0.0227927528321743,
-0.04626285284757614,
-0.02621377632021904,
-0.032739803194999695,
0.08519089967012405,
0.03958447650074959,
0.0005157161504030228,
0.023376112803816795,
0.02645224891602993,
-0.014273461885750294,
-0.01316344179213047,
0.04... |
phase\tof\tinflammation\tto\treturn\tmetabolism\tto\ttissue\thomeostasis.\tThese\n\tSPMs\tare\tlipoxins,\nresolvins,\tprotectins,\tand\tmaresins\t(see\t\nFig.\t7.3\n).\tThese\tmediators\tappear\tto\texplain\tsome\tof\tthe\nantiinflammatory\teffects\tof\tPGE1,\tPGE2,\tand\tPGE3\tmetabolites\t(\nChiang\tand\tSerhan,\t201... | [
-0.04596950113773346,
-0.07714583724737167,
-0.006395142059773207,
-0.019935138523578644,
-0.042468950152397156,
0.019084494560956955,
0.09721497446298599,
0.012324673123657703,
0.028571434319019318,
0.011332969181239605,
0.06953839212656021,
-0.016200922429561615,
0.022662565112113953,
0.... |
Chiang\tand\tSerhan,\t2017\n).\nReducing\tinflammation\tin\tthe\tbody\nModern\tresearch\tof\tEFAs\tand\ttheir\tmetabolites\thas\tbeen\tconcerned\tmainly\twith\tthe\ttherapeutic\nimpact\ton\tthe\tinflammatory\tprocess.\tHowever,\tas\twith\tall\tsystems\n\tin\tthe\tbody,\tthere\tare\topposing | [
0.03717787191271782,
0.048254676163196564,
0.05942007526755333,
-0.0317048616707325,
-0.03870579972863197,
-0.0062673380598425865,
0.10205931961536407,
-0.010994571261107922,
0.02224145084619522,
0.029116788879036903,
0.09223820269107819,
-0.12447424978017807,
0.02362324856221676,
-0.00195... |
in\tthe\tbody,\tthere\tare\topposing\nmediators\tin\tthe\tbody’s\tregulation\tof\tthese\tsystems\tto\tachieve\thomeostasis\tor\tallostasis\tto\tpromote\nsurvival.\tAmong\tthe\tprimary\tmediators\tof\tinflammation\tare\tbiogenic\tamines,\tsuch\tas\thistamine\tand\nserotonin,\tcytokines,\tprostaglandins,\tthromboxanes,\t... | [
0.0322592630982399,
-0.10471206903457642,
0.022951729595661163,
-0.03272615745663643,
-0.07296442985534668,
0.03422441706061363,
0.10928739607334137,
0.05267886817455292,
0.025920646265149117,
0.0375363826751709,
0.0767626240849495,
-0.028692640364170074,
0.034403376281261444,
0.0202982835... |
antiinflammatory\taction\topposes\tand\tbalances\tthe\tPGE2\tinflammatory\tsystems.\tBoth\n\tare\trequired\nfor\ta\thealthy\tmetabolism.\tFor\tinstance,\tderivatives\tof\tthe\tomega-6\tGLA\tand\tDGLA\tacids\tregulate\tthe\ninflammatory\tprocess\tthrough\ttheir\topposed\tactivity\tand\tsynergism\twith\tEPA,\tby\tdirecti... | [
0.03095722757279873,
-0.06354446709156036,
0.018336256965994835,
-0.033646296709775925,
-0.08143191039562225,
0.005493442993611097,
0.09258408099412918,
0.01464853435754776,
0.02361748367547989,
0.0765513926744461,
0.06733178347349167,
-0.042413949966430664,
0.003285207087174058,
0.0350682... |
at\tthe\tcrossroads\tto\tthe\tantiinflammatory\tPGE1,\tor\tthe\tinflammatory\tPGE2\tmolecules.\tIn\tparallel\nmetabolism,\tthe\tderivatives\tof\tthe\tomega-3\tALA,\tEPA,\tDHA,\tand\tothers\tform\tthe\tantiinflammatory\nPGE3\tmetabolites,\twhile\tat\tthe\tsame\ttime\tinhibiting\tthe\ttransformation\tof\tAA\tto\tleukotri... | [
-0.008828292600810528,
-0.07844521105289459,
0.011025249026715755,
-0.016309453174471855,
-0.08825355023145676,
-0.01184868160635233,
0.09711801260709763,
0.016399415209889412,
0.021032851189374924,
0.04710306599736214,
0.09524324536323547,
-0.04834936186671257,
-0.004890664014965296,
0.04... |
conversion\tof\tDGLA\tto\tthe\tPGE1\tmolecules.\tThis\tantiinflammatory\taction\tof\tthe\tomega-3\teicosanoids\nis\tmost\tresearched\tbecause\tof\ttheir\tpowerful\tsuppression\tof\tAA\tassociated\twith\tcardiovascular\ndisease\t(\nTousoulis\tet\tal,\t2014\n).\nIt\tis\timportant\tto\tunderstand\tthe\tenzymes\tresponsibl... | [
0.0361526682972908,
-0.04253963381052017,
-0.022597769275307655,
-0.060384541749954224,
-0.10709290206432343,
-0.015118265524506569,
0.052925560623407364,
0.03949872404336929,
0.019093960523605347,
0.08746148645877838,
0.10059285908937454,
-0.06201358512043953,
0.025085823610424995,
0.0562... |
conversions\tfrom\tthe\nessential\tfatty\tacids,\tLA\tand\tALA,\tand\thow\tto\ttarget\tthem\twith\tfoods\tand\tnutrients.\tThese\tenzymes\nare\tillustrated\ton\tthe\teicosanoid\tcascade\t(see\t\nFig.\t7.3\n).\tThe\tdesaturase\tenzymes\t(delta-5\tand\tdelta-6)\nand\tthe\telongase\tenzymes\tare\tshared\tand\tare\tin\tcom... | [
-0.03050152026116848,
0.005303597543388605,
-0.01685967482626438,
-0.04889495670795441,
-0.11326415091753006,
-0.02214718610048294,
0.03272666782140732,
0.027318699285387993,
0.008149289526045322,
0.030478758737444878,
0.1116182804107666,
-0.09009019285440445,
0.003370594698935747,
0.00795... |
pathways.\t\nDelta-6-desaturase\n\ttransforms\tLA\tinto\tGLA\tand\tALA\tto\tEPA\tby\tadding\tadditional\n\tdouble\nbonds.\tOf\tall\tthe\tendogenous\tconversion\tsteps\tin\tthe\teicosanoid\tcascade,\tthe\tone\tdriven\tby\tdelta-6-\ndesaturase\tis\tthe\tleast\tefficient.\tIt\tis\tnot\tbiochemically\tequipped\tto\thandle\... | [
0.0012856496032327414,
-0.10615862160921097,
0.011934577487409115,
-0.04832138866186142,
-0.12421444803476334,
0.02499825693666935,
0.012319308705627918,
0.03319087624549866,
-0.0027516500558704138,
0.11675819754600525,
0.08277086168527603,
0.0075022331438958645,
0.00018674884631764144,
0.... |
dietary\tintake\tof\tLA\tfound\tin\tthe\tstandard\tAmerican\tdiet\t(\nKurotani\tet\tal,\t2012\n).\tThe\tdelta-6-\ndesaturase\tcan\talso\tbe\tless\tefficient\tin\tthe\tpresence\tof\thyperinsulinemia\twhich\tis\tassociated\twith\nobesity\tand\tthe\tmetabolic\tsyndrome\t(\nSimopoulos,\t2017\n).\tIn\tthe\tcompetition\tfor\... | [
-0.0020712914410978556,
-0.007220556028187275,
0.04767448455095291,
0.014007831923663616,
-0.058564573526382446,
0.028295064345002174,
0.08017749339342117,
0.0050921994261443615,
-0.06770738214254379,
0.03697705268859863,
0.12582050263881683,
-0.06344902515411377,
-0.013837405480444431,
0.... |
Simopoulos,\t2017\n).\tIn\tthe\tcompetition\tfor\tthe\tenzyme\tbetween\nthe\tomega-6\tand\tomega-3\tmetabolites,\ta\tpreference\thas\tbeen\tshown\ttoward\tthe\tomega-3s.\tHowever,\nthese\tenzyme\tsystems\tare\taffected\tby\tthe\tadequacy\tof\tnutrient\tcofactors\tsuch\tas\tzinc,\tvitamin\tB\n6\n, | [
-0.07276708632707596,
-0.02061065472662449,
0.001615331624634564,
-0.0415467731654644,
-0.06199641525745392,
0.03427954390645027,
0.07267952710390091,
-0.019755303859710693,
0.04466859996318817,
0.058518242090940475,
0.0548006147146225,
-0.06739965826272964,
-0.023183686658740044,
-0.02446... |
6\n,\nand\tmagnesium\tand\tother\tphysiologic\tand\tpathologic\tfactors,\tsuch\tas\thyperglycemia,\tthat\tcan\tlead\nto\tGLA\tdeficiency.\nThe\tratio\tof\tomega-6\tto\tomega-3\tfatty\tacids\tin\tthe\tWestern\tdiet\tis\tbetween\t10:1\tand\t21:1,\twhereas\nthe\tdiet\tof\tancestral\thumans\thad\ta\tratio\tof\tcloser\tto\t... | [
-0.01900152862071991,
-0.027386510744690895,
0.02034860849380493,
-0.047972194850444794,
-0.12043776363134384,
0.012413401156663895,
0.06171632558107376,
-0.01625913195312023,
0.012689567171037197,
0.0670686811208725,
0.09594178944826126,
-0.0581883043050766,
-0.03987903892993927,
0.000578... |
related\tto\tchronic\tdisease\t(\nSimopoulos,\t2016\n).\tPoor\teicosanoid-related\tenzyme\tfunction\tis\tseen\toften\nin\ttype\t2\tdiabetes\trelated\tto\tthe\thyperglycemia\tin\tthe\tearly\tstages\tof\tthat\tdisease\t(\nForouhi\tet\tal,\n2016\n).\tGLA\tsupplementation\thas\tbeen\tshown\tto\tbypass\tthe\tinefficient\tra... | [
-0.0339447520673275,
-0.03083985485136509,
0.033637791872024536,
-0.05227250978350639,
-0.06731272488832474,
-0.0008456817013211548,
0.06751108914613724,
0.06949298828840256,
-0.057947635650634766,
0.021344324573874474,
0.13800105452537537,
-0.0276270043104887,
0.005405973177403212,
0.0265... |
desaturase\tsystem\tin\tthe\tformation\tof\tLA\tto\tGLA\tand\tthen\tto\tDGLA,\tand\tdetermines\twhich\tpathway\nit\twill\tfollow—either\tantiinflammatory\tPG1\tor\tinflammatory\tAA-PG2\tand\ttheir\tderivatives.\tEPA\thas\nbeen\tshown\tin\tthe\tomega-3\tpathway\tto\tbypass\tthe\tdelta-6-desaturase\tconversion\tof\tALA\t... | [
-0.04096302017569542,
-0.04432905092835426,
-0.003680664114654064,
-0.08975593000650406,
-0.09158698469400406,
-0.021557511761784554,
0.09586019814014435,
-0.006655925884842873,
0.02536926046013832,
0.043248873203992844,
0.05685919150710106,
0.002813904546201229,
-0.0124036381021142,
0.022... |
(\nInnis,\t2014\n;\tsee\t\nFig.\t7.3\n).\tA\tbalance\tof\tessential\tfatty\tacids\tis\timportant\tto\tquell\texcessive\tprolonged\ninflammation.\nA\ttargeted\tapproach\tusing\tdietary,\tnutraceutical,\tand/or\tenteral\tand\tparenteral\tlipids\tdirects\nPUFAs\tto\tshift\tthe\tmetabolism\tof\teicosanoids\ttoward\thomeost... | [
0.0011486209696158767,
-0.0913849025964737,
0.04705386236310005,
-0.042705632746219635,
-0.12198543548583984,
-0.02493634819984436,
0.06212315708398819,
0.02180655300617218,
0.03294900804758072,
0.06613122671842575,
0.09750958532094955,
-0.006347441114485264,
0.022480927407741547,
0.046845... |
antiinflammatory\teffects\t(\nTriana\tJunco\tet\tal,\t2014\n;\t\nWaitzberg\tand\tTorrinhas,\t2015\n;\tsee\t\nChapter\t12\n).\nThere\tare\tpromising\n\tresearch\tdata\tfrom\tEurope\twhere\tolive\toil–based\tintravenous\tlipids\thave\tbeen\nused\tfor\ta\tdecade,\tindicating\tthat\tby\tusing\tdifferent\tintravenous\tappro... | [
-0.02314436063170433,
-0.024352679029107094,
0.0181464534252882,
-0.03312811627984047,
-0.1017070934176445,
0.01162194088101387,
0.08515358716249466,
0.02123061567544937,
0.03562098741531372,
0.05214821919798851,
0.08143959939479828,
-0.008651654236018658,
0.021868519484996796,
0.053692013... |
inflammation\tcan\tbe\treduced.\nShort-term\tand\tlong-term\tinflammatory\tstimulation\tinfluence\tCOX\tpathways\tin\tshifting\tthem\tto\tthe\n“less\tinflammatory”\tCOX\t(PGE3\tand\tthromboxane\t[TX]-3),\tand\tthe\t\nresolvins\n\tderived\tfrom\tEPA\tand\nDHA\tpolyunsaturated\n\tfatty\tacids\t(LC\tPUFAs)\tthrough\tCOX-2... | [
-0.037405241280794144,
-0.09168216586112976,
0.013173146173357964,
0.004661242477595806,
-0.05526375398039818,
0.008552278392016888,
0.04226288944482803,
0.09950663149356842,
0.012208337895572186,
0.027489908039569855,
0.050498951226472855,
-0.0023498539812862873,
0.026250679045915604,
0.0... |
thereby\toffering\tprotection\tagainst\tinflammation\t(\nKhan,\tS\tet\tal,\t2014\n;\t\nUddin,\t2011\n).\nDietary\ttherapies\tto\timprove\tbalance\tand\tpromote\tadequate\tGLA\tto\tDGLA\tconversion\tthat\tdirects | [
-0.012669053860008717,
0.011437729001045227,
0.013584978878498077,
-0.06588368862867355,
-0.0804656445980072,
0.03817806392908096,
0.13823701441287994,
0.018897444009780884,
0.03109310381114483,
0.040180642157793045,
0.09090334922075272,
-0.03983653709292412,
0.033175524324178696,
0.040101... |
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