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it\tbecomes\ta\tfactor\tin\tpromoting\tprolonged\ninflammation\tand\taffects\tthe\tway\tfood\tis\tmetabolized\tin\tthe\tbody.\tThe\tloss\tof\tmicrobiome\tdiversity\nand\tthe\tpresence\tof\tspecific\tundesirable\tor\tvirulent\tbacteria\tappears\tto\tbe\ta\tcommon\tfinding\trelated\nto\tvarious\tdiseases\t(\nFasano,\t201...
[ 0.017249681055545807, -0.053188830614089966, 0.04540756717324257, -0.032770708203315735, -0.11466649174690247, 0.04178400710225105, 0.04590808227658272, -0.0075333029963076115, -0.013556892983615398, 0.05932243540883064, 0.1538630872964859, -0.043565813452005386, -0.0032063971739262342, 0....
to\tvarious\tdiseases\t(\nFasano,\t2012\n;\t\nViladomiu\tet\tal,\t2013\n).\nThe\tcause\tof\tthese\tchanges\tin\tthe\tpatterns\tof\tmicrobiota\tfrom\t“healthy”\tto\tdysfunctional\tappears\nto\tbe\tinfluenced\tby\tgenetics,\tdiet,\texposure\tto\tenvironmental\ttoxins,\tand\tantibiotic\tuse\t(\nNational\nInstitutes\tof\tH...
[ 0.00032627442851662636, -0.030648915097117424, 0.0461762398481369, -0.0611187145113945, -0.07187698781490326, 0.021029097959399223, 0.045996230095624924, -0.0013367895735427737, -0.021855248138308525, 0.03822604939341545, 0.08344994485378265, -0.05567200854420662, 0.013523501344025135, 0.0...
National\nInstitutes\tof\tHealth\t[NIH],\t2014\n).\tAfter\ta\tpathology\thas\tbeen\tdetermined,\tthe\tsystems\tbiology-based\npractitioner\toften\tuses\tstool\ttesting\tto\tprovide\tmore\tquantitative\tand\tspecific\tfunctional\tinformation\nregarding\tthe\tcondition\tof\tthe\tgut\tenvironment\tand\tmicrobiology.\tLabo...
[ 0.028297405689954758, -0.07338651269674301, 0.040045592933893204, -0.027521613985300064, -0.06669685989618301, -0.014162353239953518, 0.020435284823179245, 0.016224144026637077, 0.02038389816880226, 0.0746338739991188, 0.053522828966379166, -0.07022083550691605, 0.0043772244825959206, 0.07...
markers\tsuch\tas\tcalprotectin,\tlactoferrin,\tand\tpancreatic\telastase\t1\tin\tthe\tgut,\tmuch\tlike\nsedimentation\trate\tor\tCRP-hs\tand\timmunoglobulin\tA\t(IgA)\tare\tmarkers\tof\tinflammation\tin\tthe\tblood\n(\nGommerman,\t2014\n).\tBecause\tthe\tGI\ttract\tcontains\tabout\t70%\tof\tthe\timmune\tsystem,\tit\ti...
[ -0.011796649545431137, -0.022570790722966194, 0.022592058405280113, -0.05830589309334755, -0.08609043061733246, -0.007895715534687042, 0.14602066576480865, 0.05225767195224762, -0.010489432141184807, 0.034353312104940414, 0.10686323791742325, -0.04755234718322754, 0.022979965433478355, 0.0...
to\tassess\tthe\tcondition\tof\tthe\tGI\ttract—from\tthe\tmouth\tto\tthe\tanus—as\tpart\tof\tthe\ttotal\tinflammatory\nload\tof\tan\n\tindividual\t(\nUnderwood,\t2014\n).\tA\tnew\tfield\tof\tstudy\tregarding\tdiseases\tthat\tare\trelated\tto\ndisturbances\tin\tthe\tgut\tenvironment\tand\tthe\timmune\tsystem\tis\tcalled...
[ 0.0287169162184, -0.029414581134915352, 0.0641326829791069, -0.05382312461733818, -0.08055853098630905, 0.009390576742589474, 0.0647219717502594, -0.029958799481391907, 0.006870667915791273, 0.06188197061419487, 0.09042689204216003, -0.04687852784991264, 0.012454069219529629, 0.01981660723...
FIG.\t7.2\nEnteroimmunology.\nHypercoagulation\nWith\tinflammation\tcomes\tan\tincreasingly\tunhealthy\tdegree\tof\tcoagulation\twithin\tbody\tfluids.\tAt\nsome\tpoint,\tthe\tmicroenvironment\tbecomes\ttoo\tcongested,\tfacilitating\tthe\tdevelopment\tof\tchronic\ndiseases\tsuch\tas\tcancer,\tcardiovascular\tdisease,\ta...
[ 0.048838719725608826, -0.06547586619853973, 0.05628468096256256, -0.018133167177438736, -0.04263590648770332, 0.03695344924926758, 0.09083883464336395, 0.068023681640625, -0.034331001341342926, 0.09419193118810654, 0.10038077086210251, -0.05008059740066528, 0.02619878575205803, 0.093820944...
(\nKarabudak\tet\tal,\t2008\n).\tThis\tincrease\tin\t\nbody\tfluid\tviscosity\n\tpromotes\tsecretion\tof\tmore\nproinflammatory\timmune\tcytokines\tand\tchemokines\tthat\tcan\tset\tthe\tstage\tfor\tchronic\tdisease.\nAutophagy\n\tis\tthe\tnormal\tresponse\tto\traise\tthe\tlevel\tof\tproteolytic\tenzymes\tto\t“clean\tup...
[ -0.05138394609093666, -0.05467506870627403, 0.05773676186800003, -0.03379005938768387, -0.09794911742210388, 0.015432328917086124, 0.11295398324728012, 0.037230029702186584, -0.0022773565724492073, 0.07231650501489639, 0.10458794981241226, -0.03790660202503204, 0.06179606169462204, 0.03912...
debris\tand\tprepare\tit\tfor\trecycling\tor\telimination\t(\nGottleib\tand\tMentzer,\t2010\n;\t\nGurkar\tet\tal,\t2013\n;\nRahman\tand\tRhim,\t2017\n;\t\nWallace\tet\tal,\t2014\n).\nDietary\tfactors\thelping\tmaintain\n\thealthy\tfluid\tviscosity\tare\thydration,\tplant-based\tdiets,\npolyunsaturated\tfatty\tacids\t(P...
[ -0.05119669809937477, 0.023165995255112648, 0.06317845731973648, -0.048865970224142075, -0.009383759461343288, -0.016701646149158478, 0.08560802787542343, 0.0379219576716423, -0.009071269072592258, 0.0369921512901783, 0.12465357035398483, -0.049526605755090714, 0.013975623063743114, 0.0197...
Naghedi-Baghdar\tet\tal,\n2018\n).\tCommon\tbiomarkers\tof\tincreased\tbody\tfluid\tviscosity\tare\tblood\tfibrinogen\twith\tplatelets,\tand\nurinalysis\tmeasurements\tof\tspecific\tgravity\tand\tthe\tpresence\tof\t“cloudiness”\tor\tmucus.\nInfection\nAcute\tinfections\tare\teasily\trecognized\tand\n\tdiagnosed\tbecaus...
[ -0.003700889414176345, -0.03256210684776306, 0.06593143194913864, -0.005400489084422588, -0.04626208171248436, 0.004262477159500122, 0.11861825734376907, 0.01741812750697136, -0.0005406007985584438, 0.03436020016670227, 0.07895324379205704, -0.0522649884223938, 0.018071530386805534, 0.0291...
diagnosed\tbecause\tof\ttheir\tblatant\tsigns\tand\tsymptoms\nsuch\tas\tfever,\tleukocytosis,\tpus,\tand\ttachycardia.\tSubclinical\tinfection\tprocesses,\ton\tthe\tcontrary,\nmay\tgo\tunnoticed\tfor\tyears\tor\tdecades\twhile\tpromoting\ta\t“smoldering,”\tunder-the-radar,\ninflammatory\tcondition\tthat\twears\taway\ta...
[ -0.022346466779708862, -0.0344809964299202, 0.04214947298169136, 0.002337932586669922, -0.044619448482990265, -0.040707819163799286, 0.11820081621408463, 0.05493864044547081, -0.043281275779008865, -0.020479049533605576, 0.06720975786447525, -0.003550855675712228, 0.055054910480976105, 0.0...
are\thepatitis\tC\tvirus\t(HCV),\twhich\tbegins\tas\tan\tacute\tinfection\n\tbut\tpersists\tas\ta\tchronic\tinfection\tin\nthe\tliver\t(\nVescovo\tet\tal,\t2014\n),\tand\thuman\tpapilloma\tvirus\t(HPV),\twhich\tbecomes\tchronic\tin\tcervical\ntissue\tand\tmay\tlead\tto\tcervical\tcancer.\nAll\tchronic\tinfections\trais...
[ -0.008213919587433338, -0.017441699281334877, 0.027681216597557068, -0.051150716841220856, -0.04663780704140663, 0.008136727847158909, 0.1014811173081398, 0.028047757223248482, -0.018737364560365677, 0.05062718689441681, 0.10303670912981033, -0.03653283789753914, 0.07637255638837814, 0.074...
are\texacerbated\tby\tnutrient\tinsufficiencies\tand\tdeficiencies\tand\timbalances\tbetween\tprooxidant\tand\nantioxidant\tconditions\n\t(\nCokluk\tet\tal,\t2015\n).\tOther\tnutrients,\twhen\tinsufficient\tfor\toptimum\tfunction,\nare\tinvolved\tin\tpermitting\tchronic\tinfections\tto\tpersist\tover\tdecades\tinclude\...
[ 0.005960504058748484, -0.03748805448412895, 0.02959699183702469, 0.004046324174851179, -0.0020698781590908766, 0.047475602477788925, 0.08499601483345032, 0.032390739768743515, -0.06331406533718109, 0.03105623833835125, 0.10686273127794266, -0.07243922352790833, 0.056528400629758835, 0.0282...
and\tmethylation\tnutrients\tsuch\tas\tfolate,\tB\n12\n,\tB\n6\n,\tand\tB\n2\n,\twhich\tact\tas\tconutrients\tin\tinflammation\nand\timmune-control\tmechanisms\t(\nAmes,\t2010\n).\tIn\taddition,\tthe\thealth\tof\tthe\tmicrobiome\tin\tthe\ngastrointestinal\ttract,\n\tthe\tskin,\tand\tother\tbody\torifices\tplays\ta\tcri...
[ -0.0035434069577604532, -0.040680352598428726, 0.03886979818344116, -0.011250140145421028, -0.07649537920951843, 0.035504039376974106, 0.10725048184394836, 0.010367130860686302, 0.003363015130162239, 0.06437154114246368, 0.12415441125631332, -0.08441910147666931, 0.028923869132995605, 0.01...
immune\tstrength\tor\tweakness.\nStress\nStress\tis\tproinflammatory.\tThe\tsources\tof\tmetabolic\tstress\tmay\tinclude\tinjury,\tinfection,\nmusculoskeletal\tmisalignment,\tlack\tof\tsleep,\tstrong\temotions,\tunhealthy\tdiet,\tsmoking,\tquality-of-life\nchallenges,\tor\tlack\tor\texcess\tof\tphysical\tactivity.\tWha...
[ 0.014424093998968601, -0.04827624186873436, 0.04132937639951706, 0.014192340895533562, -0.07420235127210617, 0.02251105196774006, 0.12890253961086273, -0.005982421804219484, -0.04597525671124458, 0.057769909501075745, 0.10442417114973068, -0.043236035853624344, 0.0647362545132637, 0.027403...
nutrient\nrequirements\tcontributing\tto\tdepletion\tand\tthe\tlevel\tof\toxidative\tstress\trisks\tdamage\tto\tbody\tcells\nand\ttissues.
[ -0.012867758981883526, -0.08378053456544876, 0.0021367075387388468, -0.02575269713997841, -0.055921874940395355, 0.004392722155898809, 0.12084922194480896, -0.003652584971860051, -0.0404493510723114, 0.02381526492536068, 0.0634983703494072, -0.08493783324956894, 0.025820957496762276, -0.02...
Nutrient\tmodulators\tof\tinflammation\nFor\tthe\tthree\t\nprostaglandins\n\tand\ttheir\tmetabolites\tformed\tfrom\tthe\t\neicosanoid\tcascade\n,\tthere\tare\nvitamin,\tmineral,\tand\tantioxidant\tnutrients\tand\thormones\tthat\tact\tas\trate-limiting\tcofactors\tfor\tthe\nshared\tdelta-5\tand\tdelta-6\tdesaturase\n\ta...
[ -0.02980375848710537, -0.06886482238769531, 0.02687845006585121, -0.024167954921722412, -0.01695924624800682, 0.028111599385738373, 0.0942162424325943, 0.028161076828837395, -0.031167063862085342, 0.03800845146179199, 0.09100540727376938, -0.053859222680330276, 0.017987944185733795, 0.0017...
and\tthe\telongase\tenzymes.\tThese\tenzymes\tare\trequired\tfor\nconversion\tof\tthe\tessential\tfatty\tacids\t(EFA)\tand\tPUFAs\tto\tprostaglandins.\tThese\tconutrients,\tlisted\nin\t\nFigs.\t7.3\n\tand\t\n7.4\n,\thave\tthe\timportant\tability\tto\tmodulate\tthe\tfatty\tacids\tand\ttheir\tantiinflammatory
[ -0.0059133609756827354, -0.07401090860366821, 0.02180982008576393, -0.03189587965607643, -0.051251120865345, 0.0069622257724404335, 0.0826968178153038, 0.018140945583581924, -0.025244731456041336, 0.06559744477272034, 0.11810775101184845, -0.04223170503973961, -0.01963893510401249, 0.07786...
products\tthat\thave\tkey\troles\tin\tthe\tpathophysiology\tof\tchronic\tdisease\tand\tsystemic\tinflammation\nthat\tcontributes\tto\tits\tprogression.\nFIG.\t7.3\nMechanisms\tof\tessential\tfatty\tacids\tand\teicosanoid\tmetabolites\tin\tmodulating\tinflammation.\nInflammatory\tbiological\tresponses\tare\tdriven\tby\t...
[ -0.003969510085880756, -0.08017676323652267, 0.051184214651584625, -0.017596246674656868, -0.10250870138406754, -0.0021610758267343044, 0.12344590574502945, 0.030807536095380783, -0.020407281816005707, 0.0614628829061985, 0.07742064446210861, -0.03699682280421257, 0.031406763941049576, 0.0...
switch,\tinfluenced\tby\tmessages\tfrom\thormones,\tlifestyle,\tand\tnutrient\tcofactors\t(see\tprimary\tenzyme\tnutrient-\ncofactors\tlisted\tin\tdiagram).\tThe\teicosanoid\tbiological\tcascade\tresponses\treceive\tenvironmental\n\tmessages\nfrom\tdiet,\tlifestyle,\tinfection,\tand\ttrauma.\tFrom\tthe\tessential\tfatt...
[ 0.026366448029875755, -0.06787270307540894, 0.04434319585561752, -0.05604660138487816, -0.07767482846975327, -0.0033296027686446905, 0.08947322517633438, 0.03290432691574097, 0.004494381602853537, 0.05746779963374138, 0.11966490745544434, -0.05999229848384857, 0.051452480256557465, 0.02594...
are\tproduced\tdependent\ton\thormonal\tmessages,\tgenotype,\tand\tadequate\tnutrient\tcofactors\tof\tenzymatic\nconversion\tactivity.\tAcute\tinflammatory\ttriggers\tto\tinitiate\ta\thealing\tresponse\tfrom\tinfection\tor\ttrauma\tare\tthen\nresolved\tto\thomeostasis\tby\tspecialized\tproresolving\tmediators\n\t(SPM)\...
[ -0.0037203067913651466, -0.06848189234733582, 0.02343091368675232, -0.04285837337374687, -0.10736984759569168, 0.019597504287958145, 0.065745510160923, 0.050917383283376694, -0.028709832578897476, 0.06845761090517044, 0.09807486832141876, -0.047932203859090805, 0.044516343623399734, 0.0433...
(SPM)\tin\thealthy\tsubjects.\tThis\tcomplex\tdance\nof\tbiochemical\tactivity\tis\thandicapped\tby\tinterfering\tconditions\t(see\tactivity\tin\tRED)\tnoted\tin\tthe\tdiagram\nabove).\tNutrition\tstatus\tfrom\tregular\tintake\tover\tthe\tlife\tspan\tof\tessential\tfatty\tacids\tand\tnutrient\tdense\twhole
[ 0.03774862363934517, -0.12442969530820847, 0.030270008370280266, -0.03168889135122299, -0.1380450576543808, -0.005164832342416048, 0.10496378690004349, 0.014950229786336422, -0.00018848954641725868, 0.057819388806819916, 0.11147043108940125, -0.06738511472940445, 0.06643922626972198, 0.063...
foods\tbuild\tthe\tfoundation\tfor\thealthy\teicosanoid\tmanagement\tof\tacute\tand\tprolonged\tinflammation.
[ 0.02059776522219181, -0.018766818568110466, 0.07542598992586136, 0.030473366379737854, -0.08388443291187286, 0.04528779163956642, 0.09413189440965652, 0.031394775956869125, -0.06345638632774353, 0.009486845694482327, 0.11134671419858932, -0.08759858459234238, -0.019497137516736984, -0.0073...
FIG.\t7.4\nSummary\tof\tprimary\teicosanoid\tmetabolites\tand\tthe\tgenes\tresponsible\tfor\tconversion\tto\tdownstream\nmetabolites.\tChisaguano\tM,\tMontes\tR,\tPérez\tBerezo\tT,\tet\tal.\tGene\texpression\tof\tdesaturase\t(FADS1\tand\nFADS2)\tand\telongase\t(ELOVL5)\tenzymes\tin\tperipheral\tblood:\tassociation\twit...
[ -0.015232374891638756, -0.05225696414709091, 0.031062601134181023, -0.06517861038446426, -0.006401530466973782, 0.00270660687237978, 0.06297800689935684, 0.044262442737817764, 0.03695545345544815, 0.04481108486652374, 0.10551998764276505, -0.04449304938316345, -0.02062121406197548, 0.04946...
levels\tand\tatopic\teczema\tin\t4-year-old\tchildren.\t\nPloS\tOne\n\t2013;\t8,\te78245.\nIn\taddition\n\tto\tnutrient\tcofactors\tand\thormones\t(like\tinsulin)\tinfluencing\tthe\tbiochemistry\tof\tthe\neicosanoid\tand\tfatty\tacid\tmetabolism\tof\tan\tindividual,\tthere\tis\temerging\tevidence\tof\tgenotype\tand
[ -0.01646367460489273, -0.04321015998721123, 0.04199446365237236, -0.016784001141786575, -0.07210492342710495, 0.004113445524126291, 0.06750722974538803, 0.04418833553791046, -0.046490345150232315, 0.0290299691259861, 0.09912662208080292, -0.0831962376832962, -0.0192888006567955, 0.06032074...
epigenetic\teffects\tfrom\tenvironmental\ttriggers\tthat\taffect\tthe\tgenetic\texpression.\tThe\tkey\tgenes\nmodulating\tthe\tconversion\tenzymes\tare\tFAD1,\tFAD2,\tand\tELOVL5\t(see\t\nChapter\t6\n).\tThe\tomega-6\tand\nomega-3\teicosanoids\talso\n\tshare\tthe\tthree\tgenes\tthat\tcan\tinfluence\tan\tindividual’s\ta...
[ -0.03306380659341812, -0.021775629371404648, 0.030827339738607407, -0.020993821322917938, -0.07452218234539032, 0.023306475952267647, 0.060944586992263794, -0.016128187999129295, -0.01536328811198473, 0.07774908095598221, 0.14123396575450897, -0.09872444719076157, -0.050431542098522186, -0...
efficiency\tof\tthe\tdesaturase\tand\telongase\tenzymes\tused\tin\tconversion\tof\tthe\teicosanoid\tmolecules\n(see\t\nFig.\t7.3\n).\nIf\tgenomic\ttest\tdata\tis\tavailable\tfor\tthe\tnutritionist\tin\tdeveloping\ta\tnutritional\tintervention,\tthe\nknowledge\tof\tthe\tinfluence\tof\tFAD1,\tFAD2,\tand\tELOVL5\ton\tthe\...
[ 0.0037378547713160515, -0.055600594729185104, -0.01311491709202528, -0.018506677821278572, -0.057913877069950104, 0.015206527896225452, 0.08837970346212387, 0.043591972440481186, -0.025978464633226395, 0.06601464748382568, 0.1181197389960289, 0.01626504957675934, -0.005810731090605259, 0.0...
enzymes\tcan\thelp\n\tguide\tan\tintervention\t(\nChisaguano\tet\tal,\t2013\n).\tChisaguano\tand\tcolleagues\tin\n2013\tdescribed\tthe\tfindings\tthat\tchildren\twho\thave\theterozygous\tor\thomozygous\tsingle\npolymorphisms\tfor\tthe\tFAD2\tand\tELOVL5\tgenes\tare\tat\tmuch\thigher\trisk\tof\tdeveloping\tthe
[ -0.026867393404245377, -0.06957811117172241, 0.042287226766347885, -0.026079626753926277, -0.08036323636770248, 0.01818395033478737, 0.06447643041610718, -0.0058133541606366634, 0.02345081977546215, 0.08933598548173904, 0.11161858588457108, -0.07687671482563019, -0.031018806621432304, 0.05...
inflammatory\tcondition\tof\tatopic\teczema.\tUpon\tfatty\tacid\ttesting\tthese\tchildren\twere\tfound\tto\thave\nlower\tomega-6\tdihomo-γ-linolenic\tacid\t(DGLA)\tand\n\tarachidonic\tacid\t(AA)\t(\nChisaguano\tet\tal,\t2013\n).\nClinical\tapplication\tof\tthis\tinformation\tand\tthorough\tassessment\tof\tan\tindividua...
[ -0.03499239683151245, -0.06397600471973419, 0.037581294775009155, -0.008727281354367733, -0.10843189060688019, -0.008380891755223274, 0.06301388144493103, 0.02098350040614605, 0.027044957503676414, 0.07456333935260773, 0.1170208752155304, -0.024612223729491234, -0.0008643542532809079, 0.05...
and\tdietary\tintake\tcan\tbe\tused\twhen\tdeveloping\ta\tnutrition\tplan\tto\tsupport\tadequate\tintake\tof\nessential\tfatty\tacids\t(see\t\nFigs.\t7.3\n\tand\t\n7.4\n).\nNutrient\tinsufficiencies\tand\timbalances\tthat\taccompany\tprolonged\tinflammation\tinitially\tcan\tgo\nunrecognized.\n\tAlong\twith\tpossible\ti...
[ -0.0075508588925004005, -0.06392651796340942, 0.046968020498752594, -0.003672672202810645, -0.06454408168792725, 0.003659611800685525, 0.1021413654088974, 0.010194892063736916, -0.02577522210776806, 0.04321420192718506, 0.12028039246797562, -0.07164501398801804, 0.011684694327414036, 0.020...
imbalances\tof\tthe\tbody\tnutrient\treservoirs.\tVarious\tstressors\tor\tgenomic\tsingle\tnucleotide\npolymorphisms\t(SNPs)\t(see\t\nChapter\t6\n)\tcan\talso\tcause\tincreased\tnutrient\trequirements\tto\tmeet\nmetabolic\tneeds,\tand\tthose\tdepleted\tnutrients\tbecome\t“\nconditionally\tessential\n”\tfor\tan\tindivid...
[ -0.05546826869249344, -0.08900700509548187, -0.000012758584489347413, -0.045694172382354736, -0.02990715578198433, -0.009382029063999653, 0.04124395549297333, 0.08111926913261414, -0.028407016769051552, 0.05709763988852501, 0.10555505752563477, -0.04020029306411743, -0.0072185201570391655, ...
”\tfor\tan\tindividual.\nDr.\tRobert\tP.\tHeaney\thas\tprovided\n\ta\tsimplified\tconceptual\tdiagram\tcalled\tthe\tsigmoid\tcurve\tto\nillustrate\tthe\tconcepts\tof\tdynamic\tvaried\tnutrient\tneeds\tof\tthe\tphysiologic\t“nutrient\tneeds\nspectrum”\t(\nFig.\t7.5\n).
[ -0.0186908021569252, -0.05962138622999191, 0.024088017642498016, -0.019971176981925964, -0.04742484167218208, 0.022914255037903786, 0.10567650198936462, 0.04322446137666702, -0.006551241036504507, 0.03543081507086754, 0.10222820937633514, -0.049403246492147446, 0.00041788132512010634, 0.03...
FIG.\t7.5\nSigmoid\tCurve\t(Heaney,\t2010)\t\n\tSource:\t\nPERMISSION\tBY\tROBERT\tHEANEY\tHeaney\tRP:\tThe\tNutrient\tProblem,\nNutr\tRev\n\t70:165,\t2012.\nNutriture\n\tis\ta\tterm\tthat\trefers\tto\tthe\tstate\tof\tnutrition.\tSkill\tin\tassessing\tthe\tnutriture\tof\tbody\ntissues\trequires\tknowledge\tabout\tnutri...
[ -0.025735286995768547, -0.040516581386327744, 0.025049686431884766, -0.005008499138057232, -0.07163014262914658, 0.03813164681196213, 0.11392766982316971, 0.020138220861554146, -0.03862651437520981, 0.05044148117303848, 0.09618420153856277, -0.06468723714351654, 0.029136842116713524, 0.050...
hormones,\tnutrients,\t\nreactive\toxygen\tspecies\t[ROS]\n).\tManipulating\tbiologic\n\tfunction\twith\nnutrition\tmust\tinclude\tconsideration\tof\tthe\t“rate\tlimiting”\trestrictions\ton\ta\tbiochemical\tsystem.\tLike\na\tfood\trecipe,\tif\tany\tingredient\tis\tinadequate\tor\tmissing,\tthe\tfinal\tproduct\tis\tflaw...
[ -0.008140133693814278, -0.09289848804473877, 0.006268758326768875, 0.0631483793258667, -0.05627767741680145, 0.045117344707250595, 0.06852740049362183, 0.04378058388829231, -0.04749853163957596, 0.04920985922217369, 0.10084952414035797, -0.05063224211335182, 0.0006695962511003017, -0.00125...
Examples\tof\tsome\tcritical\tnutrient-partner\tbalances\tare\tomega-6\tand\tomega-3\tfatty\tacids,\tvitamin\nD\tand\tvitamin\tA,\tmagnesium\tand\tcalcium,\tand\tfolate,\tB\n6\n,\tB\n2\n,\tand\tB\n12\n.\tIn\twhole\tor\tunprocessed\n\tfoods,\nthese\tnutrients\tnaturally\texist\tin\tbalance,\tsuch\tas\tvitamin\tA\tand\tD...
[ -0.029113972559571266, -0.026516934856772423, -0.011408591642975807, 0.004994257818907499, -0.0889783650636673, 0.05348920822143555, 0.0706309974193573, -0.03633763641119003, -0.004899164196103811, 0.039215341210365295, 0.11365977674722672, -0.04348691180348396, 0.04180007800459862, 0.0186...
eggs\t(see\t\nBox\t7.1\n).\nThe\tnutrient\tpartners\tmost\tstrongly\tassociated\twith\tinfluencing\tprolonged\tinflammation\tare\ndiscussed\tbelow.\nOmega-6\tlinoleic\tacid\tand\tomega-3\talpha-linolenic\tacid\t(essential\tfatty\tacids)\nFish\tingestion\tseveral\ttimes\ta\tweek\thas\tbeen\tassociated\twith\treduced\tri...
[ -0.02675660513341427, -0.016025597229599953, 0.07040737569332123, -0.04944953694939613, -0.11428645998239517, 0.014781448990106583, 0.0429719053208828, -0.003157164203003049, -0.02954714186489582, 0.046427998691797256, 0.10443908721208572, -0.11459589004516602, -0.04926415905356407, -0.000...
chronic\tdisease,\nespecially\tcardiac\tdisease.\tIt\tis\ta\tcharacteristic\tof\tthe\tMediterranean\tDiet\t(\nPallauf\tet\tal,\t2013\n),\tthe\nAsian\tDiet\t(\nKruk,\t2014\n),\tand\tthe\tmore\trecently\tstudied\tNordic\tor\tViking\tDiet\tdescribed\tin\tthe\nSystems\tBiology\tin\tControlled\tDietary\tInterventions\tand\t...
[ 0.00011534689110703766, -0.06193281710147858, 0.06096472963690758, -0.03865065425634384, -0.11650088429450989, 0.033662304282188416, 0.08379022777080536, 0.021743537858128548, 0.0066736419685184956, 0.060609690845012665, 0.11289029568433762, -0.005796192213892937, 0.02402290515601635, 0.04...
Kolehmainen\tet\nal,\t2015\n;\t\nUusitupa\tet\tal,\t2013\n).\tThe\thuman\tmetabolism\tof\toils\tin\tfish\tand\ttheir\tbioactive\n\tmediators\nprovide\timportant\tfactors\tin\tinflammatory\tprocesses.\tThe\trelationship\tof\tdiet\tto\tinflammatory\nbiochemistry\tsupports\ta\tstrong\tposition\tfor\tthe\tnutritionist\tto\...
[ -0.011285367421805859, -0.06698089838027954, 0.027465077117085457, -0.06991536915302277, -0.0772646889090538, 0.027413563802838326, 0.09269595891237259, 0.01297290250658989, -0.017005853354930878, 0.0645723044872284, 0.09634725004434586, -0.05989188700914383, 0.0015776560176163912, 0.04145...
ensure\tadequate\tbalance\tof\tthe\teicosanoid-producing\tfoods\tthat\tdecrease\tinflammation.\nThree\tmain\tgroups\tof\tprostaglandin\tmetabolites\tare\tformed\tfrom\tthe\ttwo\tinitial\tessential\tfatty\nacids\n\tin\tthe\teicosanoid\tcascade\t(linoleic\tacid\t[LA]\tand\talpha-linolenic\tacid\t[ALA]):\tprostaglandin\t1
[ -0.027487142011523247, -0.07401694357395172, 0.02743217535316944, -0.05749601870775223, -0.0508558489382267, 0.010103963315486908, 0.07291948795318604, 0.03570469468832016, 0.020297186449170113, 0.04483655095100403, 0.11383897811174393, -0.08388183265924454, 0.019681965932250023, 0.0349828...
(PGE1)\t(omega\t6\tDGLA-derived\tantiinflammatory),\tprostaglandin\t2\t(PGE2)\t(omega\t6-arachidonic-\nderived\tproinflammatory),\tand\tprostaglandin\t3\t(PGE3)\t(omega\t3-derived\tantiinflammatory).\tThese\nmetabolites\tare\tprecursors\tfor\ta\twide\trange\tof\tbioactive\tlipid\tmediators\tinfluencing\tinflammation.\n...
[ -0.08896703273057938, -0.07430971413850784, 0.014690354466438293, -0.043170470744371414, -0.0600774809718132, -0.04572000727057457, 0.04656827822327614, 0.046501170843839645, 0.06139938905835152, -0.026387490332126617, 0.023170484229922295, 0.04250497370958328, -0.08208606392145157, 0.0020...
The\tRDN\tcan\tassess\n\tand\tthen\tdevelop\tan\tindividualized\tintervention\tto\treturn\tthe\tindividual’s\nmetabolic\tbalance\tin\tthese\tthree\tgroups\tof\tmetabolites\tof\tthe\teicosanoid\tseries.\tThe\tmost\taccurate\nway\tto\tassess\tfatty\tacid\tstatus\tis\tto\tevaluate\tdietary\tfat\tintake\t(\nTable\t7.5\n),\...
[ 0.028330544009804726, -0.08700153231620789, 0.04445968195796013, -0.027109013870358467, -0.12857449054718018, -0.03139927610754967, 0.0935915857553482, 0.0444246381521225, 0.025303853675723076, 0.050771959125995636, 0.10562223196029663, -0.03833423927426338, 0.024772800505161285, 0.0351966...
Table\t7.5\n),\tabsorptive\tcapacity\t(bile\nadequacy,\tpancreatic\tfunction),\tand\tRBC\tfatty\tacids\t(\nKelley\tet\tal,\t2009\n).\tCollecting\tthis\tnutrition\tdata\nfor\tan\tindividual\n\tduring\tassessment\tcan\treveal\timportant\tunderlying\tphysiologic\timbalances.
[ 0.0410262793302536, -0.08777367323637009, 0.021874602884054184, -0.00541282445192337, -0.1383216679096222, 0.0034787754993885756, 0.1008748784661293, 0.08162646740674973, 0.002852963749319315, 0.0569305345416069, 0.10006751865148544, -0.052647773176431656, -0.010865919291973114, 0.04035914...
TABLE\t7.5\nFat-Oil\tDietary\tIntake\tSurvey\nFats\tand\tOils\nPlease\tindicate\thow\tmany\ttimes\tPER\tWEEK\tyou\teat\tthe\tfollowing\tfats/oils.\nOMEGA\t9\n\t\n(stabilizer)\nOleic\tFatty\tAcid\n∼50%\tof\tdaily\tfat\tcalories\n__\tAlmond\tOil\n__\tAlmonds\n__\tAlmond\tbutter\n__\tAvocados\n__\tPeanuts\n__\tPeanut\tbut...
[ -0.04177657142281532, -0.07517090439796448, 0.05410418659448624, 0.014956527389585972, -0.00905640795826912, 0.03377552703022957, 0.06279940903186798, 0.012324140407145023, -0.024402296170592308, -0.0032521041575819254, 0.1089499220252037, -0.08657675981521606, -0.00172293814830482, -0.029...
__\tOlives\t/\tOlive\tOil\n__\tCashews\n__\tSesame\nSeeds/Tahini\n__\tHummus\t(tahini\toil)\n__\tMacadamia\tNuts\n__\tPine\tNuts\nOMEGA\t6\n\t\n(controllers)\nEssential\tFatty\tAcid\tFamily\n∼30%\tof\tdaily\tfat\tcalories\nLA→GLA→DGLA→AA\n__\tEggs\t(whole),\torganic\t(AA)\n__\tMeats\t(commercial)\t(AA)\n__\tMeats\t(gra...
[ -0.08196660131216049, -0.06343473494052887, -0.0026695861015468836, -0.023373354226350784, -0.07090628147125244, -0.013153578154742718, 0.057723574340343475, 0.044738009572029114, 0.01929204724729061, 0.022321434691548347, 0.12409811466932297, -0.04338201880455017, 0.03205711767077446, -0....
__\tMeats\t(grass-fed,\torg)\t(AA)\n__\tBrazil\tnuts\t(raw)\n__\tPecan\t(raw)\n__\tHazelnuts/Filberts\t(raw)\n__Seed\toils\t(cold-press)\n__\tEvening\tPrimrose\n(GLA)\n__\tBlack\tCurrant\tOil\n(GLA)\n__\tBorage\tOil\t(GLA)\n__\tHemp\tOil\t/\tseeds\n__\tGrapeseed\tOil\n__\tSunflower\n\tSeeds\n(raw)\n__\tPumpkin\tseeds\n...
[ -0.11273527145385742, -0.059203650802373886, 0.0439113974571228, 0.0193028561770916, -0.024198871105909348, 0.02317323535680771, 0.051755137741565704, 0.00025792853557504714, -0.007373370695859194, -0.006950558628886938, 0.08789312839508057, -0.07802629470825195, -0.011945637874305248, -0....
(raw)\nOMEGA\n\t\n(fluidity/communicators)\nEssential\tFatty\tAcid\tFamily\n∼10%\tof\tdaily\tfat\tcalories\nALA→EPA→DHA\n__\tFish\tOil\tcapsule:\t↑\tDHA\n__\tFish\tOil\tcapsule:\t↑\tTEPA\n__\tFish\t(salmon/fin-fish)\n__\tFish\t(shellfish)\n__\tFlax\tseeds/meal\n__\tFlax\tOil\t(cold-press)\n__\tUDO’s\tDHA\tOil\n__\tAlga...
[ -0.07410582154989243, -0.04189258813858032, 0.035244811326265335, -0.008573761209845543, -0.07563668489456177, 0.018846720457077026, 0.06040555611252785, -0.01896115019917488, -0.02320844866335392, -0.047480225563049316, 0.11410345137119293, -0.13914541900157928, -0.00841565802693367, 0.02...
__\tGreens\tPowder\nw/algae\n__\tChia\tseeds\nBENEFICIAL\tSATURATED\n\t\n(structure)\nShort-chain/Medium-chain\tTriglycerides\n∼10%\tof\tdaily\tfat\tcalories\n__\tCoconut\tOil\n__\tButter,\torganic\n__\tGhee\t(clarified\tbutter)\n__\tDairy,\traw\t&\torganic\n__\tMeats,\tgrass-fed\n__\tWild\tgame\n__\tPoultry,\torganic\...
[ -0.08299187570810318, -0.049282174557447433, 0.041361063718795776, 0.007685650605708361, -0.021445685997605324, 0.004154654685407877, 0.03907708823680878, 0.006918986793607473, -0.03236417472362518, -0.02628823183476925, 0.15662701427936554, -0.08451831340789795, 0.008052504621446133, -0.0...
__\tEggs,\twhole\norganic\nDAMAGED\tFATS/OILS\n\t\n(promoting\nstress\tto\tcells\t&\ttissues)\nShould\tbe\t<5%\t(try\tto\tavoid)\nTrans\tFats\nAcrylamides\nOdd-Chain\tFatty\tAcids\nVLCFA/damaged\n__\tMargarine\n__\tReg.\tvegetable\toils\t(corn,\nsunflower,\tcanola)\n__\tMayonnaise\t(Commercial)\n__\tHydrogenated\tOil\t...
[ -0.05162610486149788, -0.05725903436541557, 0.06401722133159637, -0.015612523071467876, -0.029070556163787842, -0.006217971909791231, 0.03649905323982239, 0.03511292114853859, -0.001810870599001646, -0.05461709573864937, 0.11915615200996399, -0.025732871145009995, 0.019663862884044647, -0....
ingredient)\n__\t“Imitation”\tcheeses\n__\tTempura\n__\tDoughnuts\t(fried)\n__\tDeep-fried\tfoods\n__\tChips\tfried\tin\toil\n__\tRegular\tsalad\ndressing\n__\tPeanut\tButter\t(JIF,\netc.)\n__\tRoasted\tnuts\t/\nseeds\n__\tProducts\twith\nhydrogenated\tfats\n©2004,\tDiana\tNoland\tMPH,\tRDN,\tCCN,\tIFMCP,\tLD\nThe\tbal...
[ -0.05473676696419716, -0.06614674627780914, 0.03473205864429474, -0.033825863152742386, -0.07770276814699173, 0.006492059677839279, 0.054816290736198425, -0.020456839352846146, -0.021303992718458176, -0.051191408187150955, 0.16552329063415527, -0.08856984972953796, 0.02238386683166027, -0....
©2004,\tDiana\tNoland\tMPH,\tRDN,\tCCN,\tIFMCP,\tLD\nThe\tbalance\n\tbetween\tthe\ttwo\teicosanoid\tsignaling\tmolecule\tpathways\t(derived\tfrom\tthe\tessential\nPUFAs,\tomega-3\tALA,\tand\tomega-6\tLA\tor\tdietary\tintake),\texerts\tinflammatory\tcontrol\tin\tresponse\tto\nthe\tmetabolic\tenvironment\t(\nGil\tet\tal,...
[ -0.05078776180744171, -0.04766596853733063, 0.00360422907397151, -0.07532983273267746, -0.09641453623771667, -0.05384919419884682, 0.02792719379067421, 0.0540568009018898, 0.014181937091052532, 0.06439299881458282, 0.09628119319677353, -0.019826430827379227, -0.004386525135487318, 0.063138...
;\tPatton,\t2014,\t\nZreik\tand\tBehrman,\t2018\n).\tProstaglandins\ncontribute\tto\tthe\tregulation\tof\tvascular\ttone,\tplatelet\tfunction,\tand\tfertility\t(\nRicciotti\tand\tFitzGerald,\n2011\n;\t\nStipanuk\tand\tCaudill,\t2013\n;\t\nKemiläinen\tet\tal,\t2016\n).\tThey\talso\tplay\tkey\troles\tas\tinflammatory
[ -0.043479494750499725, -0.05757623538374901, 0.008791978470981121, -0.0779212936758995, -0.11340141296386719, 0.07135532051324844, 0.11993430554866791, 0.04004305601119995, -0.001627777935937047, 0.05359547585248947, 0.10040285438299179, -0.031876105815172195, -0.06428687274456024, 0.05039...
;\t\nKemiläinen\tet\tal,\t2016\n).\tThey\talso\tplay\tkey\troles\tas\tinflammatory\nmediators\tand\tmodulators\tof\ttumor\tbiology\tand\tare\tmajor\tregulators\tof\tgrowth\tand\ttransport\tin\nepithelial\tcells\t(\nVarga\tet\tal,\t2014\n).\tThe\tmetabolism\tof\tthese\thormone-like\tmolecules\tis\tmodulated\tby
[ -0.003909085411578417, -0.04972139000892639, 0.021249715238809586, -0.06240575760602951, -0.07648346573114395, 0.012068474665284157, 0.09906750917434692, 0.052352067083120346, 0.01261027529835701, 0.07396332174539566, 0.1111832931637764, -0.0345882922410965, -0.009890615940093994, 0.075851...
).\tThe\tmetabolism\tof\tthese\thormone-like\tmolecules\tis\tmodulated\tby\ndietary\tintake\tand\tare\tof\tprimary\timportance\tto\tthe\tRDN\twhen\tconsidering\tthe\tsource\tof\tchronic\ninflammation.\tThe\thormone-like\tprostaglandins\n\tformed\tas\tdownstream\tmetabolites\tare\tthe\tprimary
[ 0.013395672664046288, -0.07240496575832367, 0.055670443922281265, -0.05564529448747635, -0.05200157314538956, 0.013650086708366871, 0.07049425691366196, 0.027675393968820572, 0.050652436912059784, 0.06842754036188126, 0.06064755842089653, -0.047805070877075195, 0.02007957361638546, 0.05514...
formed\tas\tdownstream\tmetabolites\tare\tthe\tprimary\nmetabolic\tcontrol\tfor\tacute\tand\tchronic\tinflammation.\tThe\tseminal\tobservation\tthat\tomega-3\tEPA\ncould\tmodulate\teicosanoid\tbiosynthesis\tto\tsuppress\tarachidonic\tacid\tbiosynthesis,\tan\tomega-6\tfatty\nacid,\twas\tfirst\tmade\tin\t1962\t(Machlin)\...
[ -0.06381382793188095, 0.016655271872878075, 0.020888876169919968, -0.035299740731716156, -0.0932963639497757, 0.004820072092115879, 0.010787439532577991, -0.004081204533576965, 0.020162373781204224, 0.04714573174715042, 0.05630750209093094, -0.09458745270967484, -0.03473515436053276, -0.00...
the\tuse\tof\tfish\tand\tfish\toil\tsupplements\tto\treduce\tinflammation\n\tby\tsuppressing\tthe\tproinflammatory\narachidonic\tacid.\tOmega-3\tDHA\t(C22)\tis\tan\tinteresting\tmolecule\tformed\tfrom\tthe\teicosanoid\t20-\ncarbon\tcascade\twith\tantiinflammatory\teffects\t(\nShichiri\tet\tal,\t2014\n;\t\nKemiläinen\te...
[ -0.046081580221652985, -0.02176009491086006, 0.003129024524241686, -0.05557604506611824, -0.07414223253726959, 0.017091544345021248, 0.061453402042388916, 0.02240101620554924, 0.015992579981684685, 0.0609600730240345, 0.08147331327199936, -0.09211473166942596, -0.027835778892040253, 0.0454...
Shichiri\tet\tal,\t2014\n;\t\nKemiläinen\tet\tal,\t2016\n).\tEPA\tand\ndocosahexaenoic\tacid\t(DHA)\tare\tfound\tin\tfish\toil,\tas\twell\tas\tDHA\tbeing\tfound\tin\talgae.\tDHA\tand\tEPA\nare\tbiochemically\treversible,\tmeaning\tthey\tcan\tbe\tmetabolized\tfrom\tone\n\tmolecule\tto\tthe\tother.\tDHA\nis\ta\tcritical\...
[ -0.027176562696695328, -0.019131936132907867, 0.03327114135026932, -0.046900782734155655, -0.12046754360198975, -0.014484965242445469, 0.08801539242267609, -0.036478191614151, 0.0057038720697164536, 0.06409749388694763, 0.09184029698371887, -0.06399153172969818, 0.05558869615197182, 0.0412...
modulation\tof\tmetabolic\tinflammation.\tEPA,\tDHA,\tand\tAA\tcan\tproduce\tthe\tmore\tnewly\trecognized\nspecialized\tproresolving\tmediators\t(SPMs)\n,\tincluding\t\nresolvins\n,\t\nprotectins\n,\t\nmaresins\n,\tand\nlipoxins\n,\tthat\treduce\tinflammation\tduring\tevents\tlike\tinjury,\tinfection,\tand\tantigen\tex...
[ 0.02399255335330963, -0.07575134932994843, -0.011086215265095234, -0.03234054520726204, -0.0986139103770256, 0.009729443117976189, 0.1344584971666336, 0.03485166281461716, 0.009205314330756664, 0.0690813809633255, 0.1257948875427246, -0.017847558483481407, 0.059720005840063095, 0.045045383...
The\nbody\thas\tredundant\tsystems\tto\tprovide\tessential\tmolecules\tfor\tmetabolism.\nThe\tkey\teicosanoid\tmetabolic\tintersections\tin\tthe\t\neicosanoid\tcascade\n\tare\tomega-6\tGLA,\tDGLA,\nand\tAA\tpromoting\tthe\tantiinflammatory\tPGE1\tand\tproinflammatory\tPGE2\tseries\twhile\tcoexisting
[ -0.023027867078781128, -0.058945875614881516, 0.028884850442409515, -0.040357984602451324, -0.09689142554998398, -0.02245338074862957, 0.07296682149171829, 0.08239245414733887, 0.02596968039870262, 0.07983200997114182, 0.08184737712144852, -0.046639785170555115, -0.01633610762655735, 0.068...
with\tomega-3\tEPA\tand\tDHA,\tpromoting\tthe\tantiinflammatory\tPGE3\tseries.\tAs\tthe\tknowledge\tof\tthe\nfunctions\tof\tthese\teicosanoid\tmetabolites\n\thas\tmatured\tover\tthe\tpast\t50\tyears,\ttheir\tsynergistic\nrelationships\tand\tthe\tneed\tto\tkeep\tthem\tin\thomeostatic\tbalance\tis\tnow\tappreciated\t(\nD...
[ 0.015978941693902016, -0.032264020293951035, 0.029609868302941322, -0.05120890587568283, -0.13570745289325714, 0.0010963688837364316, 0.06690553575754166, -0.016379352658987045, 0.033204853534698486, 0.059095598757267, 0.0912720337510109, -0.07385196536779404, 0.000877208192832768, 0.05739...
omega-6\tand\tomega-3\teicosanoids\tshare\tthe\tsame\tdesaturase\tand\telongase\tenzymes,\tso\tthere\tis\ta\ncompetition\tbetween\tthe\ttwo,\twhere\tproduction\tof\tbiologically\tactive\tEPA\tand\tDHA\tis\tdependent\ton\nthe\tavailability\tof\tcofactor\tnutrients\t(\nReed\tet\tal,\t2014\n).\nIt\tis\tnow\tknown\tthat\tf...
[ -0.03177935257554054, -0.0432128868997097, 0.059286344796419144, 0.009237964637577534, -0.07832373678684235, 0.043517619371414185, 0.05485979840159416, 0.026742983609437943, -0.0058156512677669525, 0.05550510436296463, 0.09930594265460968, -0.06033886969089508, -0.03822557255625725, 0.0177...
inflammation\tby\tmodification\tof\teicosanoid\tmetabolism\tto\tfavor\tsynthesis\tof\tantiinflammatory\nprostaglandins\tand\t\nleukotrienes\n\t(produced\tby\tthe\toxidation\tof\tAA).\tAssessment\tof\tdietary\tfat\tintake\nand\ttissue\tstatus\tprovides\tmore\ttargeted\tinformation\tthat\tcan\thelp\tmanage\tchronic\tinfl...
[ -0.03273148462176323, -0.08155671507120132, 0.02775735780596733, -0.012576908804476261, -0.04412691667675972, 0.05347254127264023, 0.0706804171204567, 0.06625516712665558, -0.007497399114072323, 0.0504215732216835, 0.07777290046215057, -0.023318184539675713, 0.051278699189424515, 0.0643597...
(\nArm\tet\tal,\t2013\n;\t\nDahlin\tand\tWeiss,\t2016\n).\tAs\tmore\trandomized\tcontrolled\ttrial\t(RCT)\tstudies\tare\navailable,\tit\tis\thoped\tthis\twill\tresult\tin\tan\timproved\tmodel\tfor\tthe\tstudy\tof\tnutrient\tsynergistic\ninfluences\ton\tmetabolism.\tWergeland\tand\tcolleagues\tdesigned\ta\tmultivariable...
[ -0.024984022602438927, -0.00722770718857646, 0.04289723187685013, -0.03602761775255203, -0.06587007641792297, 0.03424790874123573, 0.04873219132423401, 0.005372602492570877, 0.035083699971437454, 0.049065038561820984, 0.09504333138465881, -0.008081058040261269, 0.04170642048120499, 0.03322...
combination\tof\tfatty\tacid\ttherapies\tthat\tshowed\ta\tsuppression\tof\tinflammation\tin\tmultiple\tsclerosis\ndescribed\tas\ta\t“beneficial\tdisease-modifying\n\teffect\tof\tincreased\tintake\tof\tpolyunsaturated\tfatty\tacids\n(PUFAs)”\t(\nWergeland\tet\tal,\t2012\n).\tEven\tas\tfar\tback\tas\t1993,\tBerth-Jones\t...
[ 0.00038765714270994067, -0.04852228984236717, 0.02115659974515438, -0.02667287364602089, -0.0950174406170845, 0.09148839116096497, 0.0662512481212616, 0.01129180658608675, -0.01660842075943947, 0.0370689257979393, 0.04264626279473305, -0.050424713641405106, -0.01804249919950962, 0.00964467...
).\tEven\tas\tfar\tback\tas\t1993,\tBerth-Jones\tand\tGraham-Brown\nhypothesized\tthat\t“since\tboth\tω6\tand\tω3\tessential\tfatty\tacids\tmay\tpossess\tantiinflammatory\nproperties,\tit\tis\tpossible\tthat\tgiving\tboth\ttogether\twill\thave\ta\tsynergistic\teffect”\t(1993).\tThere\tare\ta\ngrowing\tnumber\tof\tstudi...
[ -0.055774252861738205, 0.016406912356615067, 0.06686880439519882, -0.0358232818543911, -0.055252805352211, 0.01908026449382305, 0.03461416810750961, -0.010143047198653221, 0.03587546572089195, 0.015498574823141098, 0.05160876363515854, -0.01254164520651102, -0.027126900851726532, -0.011587...
growing\tnumber\tof\tstudies\ttargeting\tkey\teicosanoid\tand\n\tdownstream\tlipid\tmediators\twith\tthe\tability\nto\tmodulate\tphysiologic\tprocesses\tinvolving\timmunity,\thormonal\tbalance,\tinflammatory\tmediators,\nand\tcell\tmembrane\tintegrity\tincluding\tGLA\t(\nHorrobin\tet\tal,\t2002\n),\tDGLA\t(\nChisaguano...
[ -0.0007789082010276616, -0.05343571677803993, 0.0412881001830101, -0.05959886312484741, -0.1252736896276474, 0.026681294664740562, 0.09498244524002075, 0.012282002717256546, 0.005763029679656029, 0.048719123005867004, 0.12405392527580261, -0.05046992748975754, -0.006297842133790255, 0.0507...
),\nAA\t(\nCarlson\tet\tal,\t2018\n;\t\nAmézaga\tet\tal,\t2018\n),\tEPA,\tand\tDHA\t(\nHarris\tet\tal,\t2017\n).\nMetabolically,\tthe\tfive\tprimary\teicosanoids\t(GLA,\tDGLA,\tAA,\tEPA,\tDHA)\tcollaborate\n\tand\tcompete\nfor\tshared\tenzymes\tin\tforming\tthe\tprostaglandin\tgroups:\tPGE1,\tPGE2,\tand\tPGE3\tseries\t...
[ -0.06359880417585373, 0.006087952293455601, 0.007913199253380299, -0.0382654070854187, -0.06293722242116928, 0.009297417476773262, 0.060788534581661224, 0.02856106124818325, 0.026350881904363632, 0.04255268722772598, 0.07696621865034103, -0.03256809338927269, 0.005057206843048334, 0.028097...
Figs.\n7.3\n\tand\t\n7.4\n).\tEach\tplays\ta\tcritical\trole\tin\tthe\tcontrol\tof\tinflammatory\tconditions.\tUntil\tthe\tresearch\ninterest\tin\tthe\t1990s\tof\tthe\tdynamic\tinfluence\tomega-3\tEPA\thas\ton\televated\tomega-6\tAA,\tdietary\nintake\tof\tthe\tessential\tfatty\tacids\twas\tthe\tmain\tdeterminant\tof\tt...
[ 0.022206509485840797, -0.0559108592569828, 0.042191702872514725, -0.06645414978265762, -0.14765357971191406, 0.04363901913166046, 0.030803946778178215, 0.0035783357452601194, 0.02705860696732998, 0.11656178534030914, 0.09651903808116913, -0.06760707497596741, 0.04286554455757141, 0.0678988...
in\ttissue\ncomposition.\nHowever,\tas\tawareness\tof\tomega-3\tand\tits\tfunction\tincreased,\ta\tlarge\tportion\tof\tthe\tU.S.\npopulation\tis\tnow\tadding\tomega-3\tfatty\tacids\tto\ttheir\tregular\tnutraceutical\tintake.\tIn\tsome\nindividuals\twho\ttake\tmore\tthan\t500\tmg\tEPA\tand/or\tDHA\tdaily,\tthis\tmay\tca...
[ 0.0296015627682209, -0.012937563471496105, 0.038586314767599106, -0.058458708226680756, -0.1680687814950943, -0.02479812502861023, 0.09275352954864502, -0.015273177064955235, 0.003745466936379671, 0.06829667836427689, 0.0969424694776535, -0.07312485575675964, 0.000785962154623121, 0.036853...
biosynthesis\tto\tbe\tsuppressed\twith\tthe\tpotential\tto\tunbalance\tthe\tlevels\tof\tthese\ttwo\tmolecules\n(\nHorrobin\tet\tal,\t2002\n).\t“Nutrient\tpartners”\trequire\tbalance\tfor\toptimum\tmetabolic\tfunction.\tA\nnutrition\tassessment\tshould\tconsider\tthe\tfatty\tacid\tsupplements\ta\tclient\tis\ttaking\tand...
[ -0.00784469023346901, -0.05530638247728348, 0.0408862866461277, -0.035753194242715836, -0.09439677745103836, -0.010212352499365807, 0.05004490539431572, 0.041835278272628784, -0.02337787300348282, 0.054055847227573395, 0.06798383593559265, -0.055096834897994995, 0.0041677686385810375, 0.03...
in\taddition\tto\tthe\tamount\tin\tthe\tdiet\tto\tassess\tthe\tpotential\tfor\timbalance\tof\teicosanoid\tand\tother\nlipid\tcellular\tcomponents.\tIf\tlaboratory\ttesting\tof\tfatty\tacid\tparameters\tis\tavailable,\ta\tquantitative\nevaluation\n\tof\tRBC\tor\tplasma\tfatty\tacids\tcan\tbe\tadded\tto\tthe\tnutritional...
[ 0.038890138268470764, -0.03375815227627754, 0.0625714585185051, -0.05620049312710762, -0.1472860425710678, -0.015394272282719612, 0.03739352151751518, -0.0027189310640096664, 0.027603646740317345, 0.04483696445822716, 0.09466604888439178, -0.021264728158712387, 0.060473475605249405, 0.0576...
Djoussé\tet\tal,\n2012\n;\t\nGuo\tet\tal,\t2010\n).\nProstaglandin\t1\tseries\t(PGE1):\tAntiinflammatory\nPGE1\tmetabolites\tare\tpart\tof\tthe\tbalancing\tact\tbetween\tprostaglandin\tgroups\tto\tmanage\ninflammation,\twith\ta\tprimary\tantiinflammatory\teffect\ton\tthe\ttissue\tmicroenvironment.\tPGE1\tis\nparticular...
[ 0.003031941130757332, -0.053489964455366135, 0.01264807116240263, -0.05227229744195938, -0.04101317375898361, 0.0014274209970608354, 0.10810095816850662, -0.028229793533682823, 0.037185195833444595, 0.038728807121515274, 0.03444860130548477, -0.02947455272078514, -0.009339802898466587, 0.0...
particularly\timportant\tfor\tthe\teffects\tof\tGLA\tand\tits\n\tconversion\tto\tDGLA\tin\tmanaging\tinflammation.\nGLA\tnot\tonly\tattenuates\tintracellular\tinflammation\tby\tconverting\tto\tDGLA\t(\nArm\tet\tal,\t2013\n)\tbut\talso\nreduces\tinflammation\tin\tthe\textracellular\tmatrix\tas\tis\tpresent\tin\tdiabetic...
[ -0.0066549573093652725, -0.07818097621202469, 0.019772524014115334, -0.03481057286262512, -0.13930656015872955, -0.01734372228384018, 0.06217571347951889, 0.025457635521888733, 0.00865428987890482, 0.049977898597717285, 0.09905391186475754, -0.013880184851586819, 0.001279909978620708, 0.06...
Kim\tet\tal,\n2012\n).\tEvidence\tsuggests\tskin\tintegrity\tinvolved\twith\tautoimmune\tand\tother\tinflammatory\nconditions\thas\ta\t“conditionally\tessential”\t(\nDiSilvestro\tet\tal,\t2017\n)\tneed\tfor\tGLA\t(\nChung\tet\tal,\t2018\n;\nAndersson-Hall\tet\tal,\t2018\n).\nAnother\tphysiologic\tfunction\tof\tthe\tfat...
[ -0.011005494743585587, -0.036585886031389236, 0.09530628472566605, -0.025485822930932045, -0.09172318875789642, 0.018127312883734703, 0.09902089089155197, -0.022931629791855812, 0.0015290320152416825, 0.03431032970547676, 0.06155889108777046, -0.06729277223348618, 0.04439827799797058, 0.01...
balance,\tcan\tfunction\tas\tinhibitors\tof\ttumor\tcell\tproliferation\tand\tmigration\tin\tin-vitro\tand\tin-vivo\nconditions\t(\nRahman\tet\tal,\t2013\n;\t\nWang\tet\tal,\t2012\n;\t\nYao\tet\tal,\t2014\n).\nProstaglandin\t2\tseries\t(PGE2):\tProinflammatory\twhen\tin\texcess\nPGE2’s\n\tability\tto\tincrease\ttissue\...
[ -0.0492585226893425, -0.03610890731215477, 0.021018965169787407, -0.029082201421260834, -0.0746040865778923, -0.0009600616758689284, 0.06840350478887558, 0.048681505024433136, 0.03797776997089386, 0.018527034670114517, 0.07164911180734634, -0.023215925320982933, 0.003982242662459612, 0.014...
with\tpain,\tswelling,\tfever,\tredness,\tand\tconstriction\tof\tblood\tvessels\tthat\tlead\tto\tloss\tof\tfunction.\tAA\nincreases\twith\tacute\tinjury\tto\ttrigger\tinflammation\tand\tincreased\tblood\tflow\tfor\ttissue\thealing,\tbut\nwith\tthe\tprolonged\tcharacter\tof\tchronic\tdisease,\tAA\tcan\tget\t“stuck”\tin\...
[ 0.011645276099443436, -0.039540886878967285, 0.03998526930809021, -0.04025308042764664, -0.1120452880859375, -0.016418317332863808, 0.127696231007576, -0.012654970400035381, 0.00833277590572834, 0.026489196345210075, 0.09252513945102692, -0.03233255445957184, 0.04397890344262123, 0.0376532...
continue\n\tto\tdamage\ttissue\tand\tencourage\tdegeneration.\tNeoplastic\tdisease\tcan\toverproduce\tPGE2\nin\tthe\ttumor\tenvironment\tand\thas\tbeen\tfound\tto\tsimulate\tthe\tgrowth\tand\tformation\tof\ta\tsubstantial\nnumber\tof\tcarcinomas\t(\nGoodwin,\t2010\n).\nAA\tcan\tbecome\tdangerously\televated,\tespeciall...
[ -0.027226140722632408, -0.01501430943608284, 0.05151919275522232, -0.05026381090283394, -0.07039443403482437, 0.009114444255828857, 0.098019540309906, -0.013228469528257847, -0.007799369748681784, 0.07691194117069244, 0.127500981092453, -0.060709428042173386, 0.02935819700360298, 0.0291056...
EPA,\tand\tDHA\tto\tact\tas\tan\tAA\tcounterbalance.\tIn\tthe\tUnited\tStates\tand\tmost\tindustrialized\ncountries,\tsome\tpopulations\thave\thigh\tAA\tlevels\tbecause\tof\tlow\tintake\tof\tomega-3\toils\tand\tlarge\nintakes\tof\thighly\tprocessed\tPUFAs\tand\ttrans\tfats.\nThe\tpreponderance\tof\tinformation\tabout\t...
[ 0.03001939319074154, -0.02383037470281124, 0.048670146614313126, -0.024220531806349754, -0.07503536343574524, -0.012101120315492153, 0.11250019073486328, -0.0034820896107703447, -0.022357266396284103, 0.06700250506401062, 0.07841978967189789, -0.07738574594259262, 0.014084164053201675, -0....
acknowledge\tthat\tAA\tin\thealthy\thumans\tcan\talso\thelp\tstabilize\tcell\tmembranes\tand\treduce\ninflammation.\tAA\thas\tessential\tfunctions\tin\tplatelet\taggregation\n\tand\tvasoconstriction,\tfor\texample.\nTargeted\tnutrition\ttherapy\tmust\thave\ta\tgoal\tof\thealthy\thomeostasis\trequiring\tmonitoring\tto\t...
[ -0.025755075737833977, -0.029875298961997032, 0.06348045915365219, -0.0400451123714447, -0.10134417563676834, -0.00953139178454876, 0.10582613945007324, 0.012287543155252934, 0.025578951463103294, 0.03196309506893158, 0.0705525279045105, -0.09950946271419525, 0.00043382655712775886, 0.0358...
omega-3\tsupplementation\tdoes\tnot\tcause\tAA\tlevels\tto\tfall\ttoo\tlow\t(\nKhan,\tS\tet\tal,\t2014\n).\nProstaglandin\t3\tseries\t(PGE3):\tAntiinflammatory\nAnother\taspect\tof\tantiinflammatory\taction\tlies\tin\tthe\tPGE3\tprostaglandin\tgroup\tand\ttheir\nmetabolites,\tleukotriene-5\tseries\n\tand\tothers,\twhic...
[ -0.06738223135471344, -0.06466267257928848, 0.008783906698226929, -0.011016642674803734, -0.0388992540538311, 0.02060321904718876, 0.08330167829990387, 0.0166489165276289, 0.01924586482346058, 0.00544925918802619, 0.04236293584108353, -0.037117525935173035, -0.02475006692111492, 0.00526172...
and\tothers,\twhich\tpromote\tsuppression\tof\tAA,\tGLA,\tand\tDGLA.\nThey\thave\tbeen\tmost\tstudied\tin\trelation\tto\tcardiovascular\tpathologies\tsuch\tas\tvascular\tand\ncoagulation\thealth,\tbut\toften\tthe\tsuppression\tof\tGLA\tgoes\tunnoticed\tand\tunappreciated\tpotentially\nsuppressing\tproduction\tof\tthe\t...
[ -0.014011000283062458, -0.10860373824834824, 0.02751009538769722, -0.02776436321437359, -0.09564617276191711, 0.002656511263921857, 0.07171133160591125, 0.03187025710940361, 0.024412203580141068, 0.07918117940425873, 0.07495427131652832, -0.023995326831936836, 0.005841528065502644, 0.08541...
Lipoxygenases\t(LOX)\nLipoxygenases\t(LOX)\n\tare\tAA\tdownstream\n\tintermediates\tthat\tproduce\tinflammatory\tleukotrienes-4\n(PGE2)\tor\tantiinflammatory\tleukotrienes-5\t(PGE3).\tLOX-4\tand\tLOX-5\tmolecules\tcan\tmodulate\ninflammation,\tmostly\tas\tmediators\tof\tcell\tsignaling\tand\tas\tmodifiers\tof\tcell\tme...
[ -0.08373154699802399, -0.08403247594833374, -0.044503986835479736, -0.05259239673614502, -0.007133839186280966, 0.03582683578133583, 0.03857671096920967, 0.05882960185408592, -0.025157244876027107, -0.0008270434918813407, 0.017731672152876854, -0.02820662222802639, -0.02279302291572094, 0....
Practical\texamples\tof\tstructural\tchanges\tare\tin\tred\tblood\tcell\tmaturation,\tmodification\tof\tlung\nbarrier\tfunction\tto\timprove\tbronchial\tfunction\tin\tasthma\tconditions,\n\tand\tothers.\tThe\tLOX\tmolecules\nalso\tact\tas\ta\tsubstrate\tin\tthe\tmobilization\tof\tfatty\tacids\tin\tmembranes\tinvolving\...
[ -0.055420007556676865, -0.06096905097365379, 0.024979986250400543, -0.014376124367117882, -0.05982382968068123, -0.05312566086649895, 0.08754077553749084, 0.07924607396125793, -0.019863134250044823, 0.03801549971103668, 0.05651386082172394, -0.04492137208580971, 0.011682470329105854, 0.068...
metabolism\tof\tfatty\tacids.\tThe\tLOX\tare\texpressed\tmore\tintensely\tunder\tphysiologic\tstress\t(\nAllaj\tet\tal,\n2013\n).\nCyclooxygenases\t(COX)\nAnother\tgroup\tof\teicosanoid\tmetabolites,\tthe\t\ncyclooxygenase\t(COX)\n\tproducts,\thave\tan\timportant\nrole\tin\treproduction\tand\tin\tthe\tinflammatory\n\tr...
[ -0.045115675777196884, -0.07618648558855057, -0.030116772279143333, -0.021766267716884613, -0.027744460850954056, 0.04646043851971626, 0.01232998352497816, 0.06535739451646805, -0.024160388857126236, 0.034049876034259796, 0.04706377536058426, -0.008070687763392925, 0.026475561782717705, 0....
response\twith\tinflammatory\tCOX\t(PGE2)\tmolecules\tand\nantiinflammatory\tCOX\t(PGE1\tand\tPGE3).\nSpecialized\tproresolving\tmediators\t(SPM)\nMore\trecent\trecognition\tof\tfurther\tdownstream\tmetabolites\tof\ta\tdifferent\tclass\tare\tcalled\tSPMs\nderived\tfrom\tboth\tw3\tand\tw6\tPUFA.\tThese\tSPM\tlipid\tmole...
[ -0.047654055058956146, -0.06217777729034424, -0.0227927528321743, -0.04626285284757614, -0.02621377632021904, -0.032739803194999695, 0.08519089967012405, 0.03958447650074959, 0.0005157161504030228, 0.023376112803816795, 0.02645224891602993, -0.014273461885750294, -0.01316344179213047, 0.04...
phase\tof\tinflammation\tto\treturn\tmetabolism\tto\ttissue\thomeostasis.\tThese\n\tSPMs\tare\tlipoxins,\nresolvins,\tprotectins,\tand\tmaresins\t(see\t\nFig.\t7.3\n).\tThese\tmediators\tappear\tto\texplain\tsome\tof\tthe\nantiinflammatory\teffects\tof\tPGE1,\tPGE2,\tand\tPGE3\tmetabolites\t(\nChiang\tand\tSerhan,\t201...
[ -0.04596950113773346, -0.07714583724737167, -0.006395142059773207, -0.019935138523578644, -0.042468950152397156, 0.019084494560956955, 0.09721497446298599, 0.012324673123657703, 0.028571434319019318, 0.011332969181239605, 0.06953839212656021, -0.016200922429561615, 0.022662565112113953, 0....
Chiang\tand\tSerhan,\t2017\n).\nReducing\tinflammation\tin\tthe\tbody\nModern\tresearch\tof\tEFAs\tand\ttheir\tmetabolites\thas\tbeen\tconcerned\tmainly\twith\tthe\ttherapeutic\nimpact\ton\tthe\tinflammatory\tprocess.\tHowever,\tas\twith\tall\tsystems\n\tin\tthe\tbody,\tthere\tare\topposing
[ 0.03717787191271782, 0.048254676163196564, 0.05942007526755333, -0.0317048616707325, -0.03870579972863197, -0.0062673380598425865, 0.10205931961536407, -0.010994571261107922, 0.02224145084619522, 0.029116788879036903, 0.09223820269107819, -0.12447424978017807, 0.02362324856221676, -0.00195...
in\tthe\tbody,\tthere\tare\topposing\nmediators\tin\tthe\tbody’s\tregulation\tof\tthese\tsystems\tto\tachieve\thomeostasis\tor\tallostasis\tto\tpromote\nsurvival.\tAmong\tthe\tprimary\tmediators\tof\tinflammation\tare\tbiogenic\tamines,\tsuch\tas\thistamine\tand\nserotonin,\tcytokines,\tprostaglandins,\tthromboxanes,\t...
[ 0.0322592630982399, -0.10471206903457642, 0.022951729595661163, -0.03272615745663643, -0.07296442985534668, 0.03422441706061363, 0.10928739607334137, 0.05267886817455292, 0.025920646265149117, 0.0375363826751709, 0.0767626240849495, -0.028692640364170074, 0.034403376281261444, 0.0202982835...
antiinflammatory\taction\topposes\tand\tbalances\tthe\tPGE2\tinflammatory\tsystems.\tBoth\n\tare\trequired\nfor\ta\thealthy\tmetabolism.\tFor\tinstance,\tderivatives\tof\tthe\tomega-6\tGLA\tand\tDGLA\tacids\tregulate\tthe\ninflammatory\tprocess\tthrough\ttheir\topposed\tactivity\tand\tsynergism\twith\tEPA,\tby\tdirecti...
[ 0.03095722757279873, -0.06354446709156036, 0.018336256965994835, -0.033646296709775925, -0.08143191039562225, 0.005493442993611097, 0.09258408099412918, 0.01464853435754776, 0.02361748367547989, 0.0765513926744461, 0.06733178347349167, -0.042413949966430664, 0.003285207087174058, 0.0350682...
at\tthe\tcrossroads\tto\tthe\tantiinflammatory\tPGE1,\tor\tthe\tinflammatory\tPGE2\tmolecules.\tIn\tparallel\nmetabolism,\tthe\tderivatives\tof\tthe\tomega-3\tALA,\tEPA,\tDHA,\tand\tothers\tform\tthe\tantiinflammatory\nPGE3\tmetabolites,\twhile\tat\tthe\tsame\ttime\tinhibiting\tthe\ttransformation\tof\tAA\tto\tleukotri...
[ -0.008828292600810528, -0.07844521105289459, 0.011025249026715755, -0.016309453174471855, -0.08825355023145676, -0.01184868160635233, 0.09711801260709763, 0.016399415209889412, 0.021032851189374924, 0.04710306599736214, 0.09524324536323547, -0.04834936186671257, -0.004890664014965296, 0.04...
conversion\tof\tDGLA\tto\tthe\tPGE1\tmolecules.\tThis\tantiinflammatory\taction\tof\tthe\tomega-3\teicosanoids\nis\tmost\tresearched\tbecause\tof\ttheir\tpowerful\tsuppression\tof\tAA\tassociated\twith\tcardiovascular\ndisease\t(\nTousoulis\tet\tal,\t2014\n).\nIt\tis\timportant\tto\tunderstand\tthe\tenzymes\tresponsibl...
[ 0.0361526682972908, -0.04253963381052017, -0.022597769275307655, -0.060384541749954224, -0.10709290206432343, -0.015118265524506569, 0.052925560623407364, 0.03949872404336929, 0.019093960523605347, 0.08746148645877838, 0.10059285908937454, -0.06201358512043953, 0.025085823610424995, 0.0562...
conversions\tfrom\tthe\nessential\tfatty\tacids,\tLA\tand\tALA,\tand\thow\tto\ttarget\tthem\twith\tfoods\tand\tnutrients.\tThese\tenzymes\nare\tillustrated\ton\tthe\teicosanoid\tcascade\t(see\t\nFig.\t7.3\n).\tThe\tdesaturase\tenzymes\t(delta-5\tand\tdelta-6)\nand\tthe\telongase\tenzymes\tare\tshared\tand\tare\tin\tcom...
[ -0.03050152026116848, 0.005303597543388605, -0.01685967482626438, -0.04889495670795441, -0.11326415091753006, -0.02214718610048294, 0.03272666782140732, 0.027318699285387993, 0.008149289526045322, 0.030478758737444878, 0.1116182804107666, -0.09009019285440445, 0.003370594698935747, 0.00795...
pathways.\t\nDelta-6-desaturase\n\ttransforms\tLA\tinto\tGLA\tand\tALA\tto\tEPA\tby\tadding\tadditional\n\tdouble\nbonds.\tOf\tall\tthe\tendogenous\tconversion\tsteps\tin\tthe\teicosanoid\tcascade,\tthe\tone\tdriven\tby\tdelta-6-\ndesaturase\tis\tthe\tleast\tefficient.\tIt\tis\tnot\tbiochemically\tequipped\tto\thandle\...
[ 0.0012856496032327414, -0.10615862160921097, 0.011934577487409115, -0.04832138866186142, -0.12421444803476334, 0.02499825693666935, 0.012319308705627918, 0.03319087624549866, -0.0027516500558704138, 0.11675819754600525, 0.08277086168527603, 0.0075022331438958645, 0.00018674884631764144, 0....
dietary\tintake\tof\tLA\tfound\tin\tthe\tstandard\tAmerican\tdiet\t(\nKurotani\tet\tal,\t2012\n).\tThe\tdelta-6-\ndesaturase\tcan\talso\tbe\tless\tefficient\tin\tthe\tpresence\tof\thyperinsulinemia\twhich\tis\tassociated\twith\nobesity\tand\tthe\tmetabolic\tsyndrome\t(\nSimopoulos,\t2017\n).\tIn\tthe\tcompetition\tfor\...
[ -0.0020712914410978556, -0.007220556028187275, 0.04767448455095291, 0.014007831923663616, -0.058564573526382446, 0.028295064345002174, 0.08017749339342117, 0.0050921994261443615, -0.06770738214254379, 0.03697705268859863, 0.12582050263881683, -0.06344902515411377, -0.013837405480444431, 0....
Simopoulos,\t2017\n).\tIn\tthe\tcompetition\tfor\tthe\tenzyme\tbetween\nthe\tomega-6\tand\tomega-3\tmetabolites,\ta\tpreference\thas\tbeen\tshown\ttoward\tthe\tomega-3s.\tHowever,\nthese\tenzyme\tsystems\tare\taffected\tby\tthe\tadequacy\tof\tnutrient\tcofactors\tsuch\tas\tzinc,\tvitamin\tB\n6\n,
[ -0.07276708632707596, -0.02061065472662449, 0.001615331624634564, -0.0415467731654644, -0.06199641525745392, 0.03427954390645027, 0.07267952710390091, -0.019755303859710693, 0.04466859996318817, 0.058518242090940475, 0.0548006147146225, -0.06739965826272964, -0.023183686658740044, -0.02446...
6\n,\nand\tmagnesium\tand\tother\tphysiologic\tand\tpathologic\tfactors,\tsuch\tas\thyperglycemia,\tthat\tcan\tlead\nto\tGLA\tdeficiency.\nThe\tratio\tof\tomega-6\tto\tomega-3\tfatty\tacids\tin\tthe\tWestern\tdiet\tis\tbetween\t10:1\tand\t21:1,\twhereas\nthe\tdiet\tof\tancestral\thumans\thad\ta\tratio\tof\tcloser\tto\t...
[ -0.01900152862071991, -0.027386510744690895, 0.02034860849380493, -0.047972194850444794, -0.12043776363134384, 0.012413401156663895, 0.06171632558107376, -0.01625913195312023, 0.012689567171037197, 0.0670686811208725, 0.09594178944826126, -0.0581883043050766, -0.03987903892993927, 0.000578...
related\tto\tchronic\tdisease\t(\nSimopoulos,\t2016\n).\tPoor\teicosanoid-related\tenzyme\tfunction\tis\tseen\toften\nin\ttype\t2\tdiabetes\trelated\tto\tthe\thyperglycemia\tin\tthe\tearly\tstages\tof\tthat\tdisease\t(\nForouhi\tet\tal,\n2016\n).\tGLA\tsupplementation\thas\tbeen\tshown\tto\tbypass\tthe\tinefficient\tra...
[ -0.0339447520673275, -0.03083985485136509, 0.033637791872024536, -0.05227250978350639, -0.06731272488832474, -0.0008456817013211548, 0.06751108914613724, 0.06949298828840256, -0.057947635650634766, 0.021344324573874474, 0.13800105452537537, -0.0276270043104887, 0.005405973177403212, 0.0265...
desaturase\tsystem\tin\tthe\tformation\tof\tLA\tto\tGLA\tand\tthen\tto\tDGLA,\tand\tdetermines\twhich\tpathway\nit\twill\tfollow—either\tantiinflammatory\tPG1\tor\tinflammatory\tAA-PG2\tand\ttheir\tderivatives.\tEPA\thas\nbeen\tshown\tin\tthe\tomega-3\tpathway\tto\tbypass\tthe\tdelta-6-desaturase\tconversion\tof\tALA\t...
[ -0.04096302017569542, -0.04432905092835426, -0.003680664114654064, -0.08975593000650406, -0.09158698469400406, -0.021557511761784554, 0.09586019814014435, -0.006655925884842873, 0.02536926046013832, 0.043248873203992844, 0.05685919150710106, 0.002813904546201229, -0.0124036381021142, 0.022...
(\nInnis,\t2014\n;\tsee\t\nFig.\t7.3\n).\tA\tbalance\tof\tessential\tfatty\tacids\tis\timportant\tto\tquell\texcessive\tprolonged\ninflammation.\nA\ttargeted\tapproach\tusing\tdietary,\tnutraceutical,\tand/or\tenteral\tand\tparenteral\tlipids\tdirects\nPUFAs\tto\tshift\tthe\tmetabolism\tof\teicosanoids\ttoward\thomeost...
[ 0.0011486209696158767, -0.0913849025964737, 0.04705386236310005, -0.042705632746219635, -0.12198543548583984, -0.02493634819984436, 0.06212315708398819, 0.02180655300617218, 0.03294900804758072, 0.06613122671842575, 0.09750958532094955, -0.006347441114485264, 0.022480927407741547, 0.046845...
antiinflammatory\teffects\t(\nTriana\tJunco\tet\tal,\t2014\n;\t\nWaitzberg\tand\tTorrinhas,\t2015\n;\tsee\t\nChapter\t12\n).\nThere\tare\tpromising\n\tresearch\tdata\tfrom\tEurope\twhere\tolive\toil–based\tintravenous\tlipids\thave\tbeen\nused\tfor\ta\tdecade,\tindicating\tthat\tby\tusing\tdifferent\tintravenous\tappro...
[ -0.02314436063170433, -0.024352679029107094, 0.0181464534252882, -0.03312811627984047, -0.1017070934176445, 0.01162194088101387, 0.08515358716249466, 0.02123061567544937, 0.03562098741531372, 0.05214821919798851, 0.08143959939479828, -0.008651654236018658, 0.021868519484996796, 0.053692013...
inflammation\tcan\tbe\treduced.\nShort-term\tand\tlong-term\tinflammatory\tstimulation\tinfluence\tCOX\tpathways\tin\tshifting\tthem\tto\tthe\n“less\tinflammatory”\tCOX\t(PGE3\tand\tthromboxane\t[TX]-3),\tand\tthe\t\nresolvins\n\tderived\tfrom\tEPA\tand\nDHA\tpolyunsaturated\n\tfatty\tacids\t(LC\tPUFAs)\tthrough\tCOX-2...
[ -0.037405241280794144, -0.09168216586112976, 0.013173146173357964, 0.004661242477595806, -0.05526375398039818, 0.008552278392016888, 0.04226288944482803, 0.09950663149356842, 0.012208337895572186, 0.027489908039569855, 0.050498951226472855, -0.0023498539812862873, 0.026250679045915604, 0.0...
thereby\toffering\tprotection\tagainst\tinflammation\t(\nKhan,\tS\tet\tal,\t2014\n;\t\nUddin,\t2011\n).\nDietary\ttherapies\tto\timprove\tbalance\tand\tpromote\tadequate\tGLA\tto\tDGLA\tconversion\tthat\tdirects
[ -0.012669053860008717, 0.011437729001045227, 0.013584978878498077, -0.06588368862867355, -0.0804656445980072, 0.03817806392908096, 0.13823701441287994, 0.018897444009780884, 0.03109310381114483, 0.040180642157793045, 0.09090334922075272, -0.03983653709292412, 0.033175524324178696, 0.040101...