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78543100
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jewish%20Ethnographic%20Expedition
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Jewish Ethnographic Expedition
|
Overall, the expedition of 1912 was conducted on July 1 to October 15, and of 1913 from June to September 20. The expeditions were officially ended after Yudovin and Rechtman were arrested as spies in Zhitomir at the end of 1914; An-sky, who already left for St. Petersburg, was able to obtain for them documents stating that they worked for the Imperial Anthropological and Ethnographical Museum, and both men were swiftly released with all collected materials.
Ethnography and relief work during the war
In 1914, the Russian Empire entered World War I as part of the Allied Powers. The Jewish population of the Russian Empire was hit exceptionally hard, facing persecution from both enemy forces and their own military. As the war began in 1914, nearly one million Jews lived in Galicia alone (approximately twelve percent of its population), a region of Austria-Hungary occupied by the Russian Empire. Jewish civilians of the region suffered from enemy bombardment while simultaneously facing systematic persecution from Russian military forces, who viewed them as potential German sympathizers. The Russian military's anti-Jewish campaign included forced deportations, surveillance, and pogroms by passing forces. The army's suspicion of Jews as "unreliable elements" led to widespread deportations, with estimates suggesting around 3.3 million displaced (mostly Jews, Poles, and Germans) in several provinces of the empire in 1915 alone. The Jews were seen as an "alien" population, and Yiddish was often confused with German. In August 1915, mounting humanitarian concerns and international pressure led the Tsar's Council of Ministers to provisionally expand the borders of the Pale of Settlement, though Jews still had no rights to settle in Moscow and St. Petersburg. This created what contemporaries called a "new Pale", where displaced Jews faced overcrowding, poverty, and continued discrimination in their new settlements, where they were considered an "outsiders ... branded as traitors and spies".
| 3.03125
| 0
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78543100
|
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jewish%20Ethnographic%20Expedition
|
Jewish Ethnographic Expedition
|
Solomon Yudovin, An-sky's 20-year-old nephew, was the official photographer of the expedition. Yudovin was a student of Vitebsk artist Yudel Pen, and learned photography working in photographic studios. His photographs are different from "traditional expedition photography". Morris-Reich writes that there is no clear distinction between scientific and artistic photos made by Yudovin, and that he "sometimes mixed genres within the same photograph", given as an example a "photographs of a Jewish blacksmith from Slavuta, which merges racial discourse, revolutionary Russian iconography, and ideas of Jewish productivity", and even that Yudovin's "racial type photographs of Jewish blacksmiths thus partook of the language of socialist propaganda". Morris-Reich also notes that Yudovin's photographs were not strictly scientific photographs of "racial type". He "treated the subjects gently, with empathy, reverence, even intimacy", and as a result, his photographs "were free of exoticization and strove instead to normalize Jewish visibility".
Photographs made during the expedition are in the collections of several museums in Russia (Russian Museum of Ethnography and Kunstkamera), Israel (Israel Museum and Archive of the History of the Jewish People at Giv'at Ram, Jerusalem), the US, and in private collections. There is no full catalogue of the photographs. Yudovin became a well-known Soviet artist, highly influenced by his experience during the expedition. After the publication of the book Photographing the Jewish Nation in 2009, which gathered around 170 photographs, Yudovin was called simultaneously "a brilliant young photographer", and An-sky's "teenage nephew ... merely a photographer on demand" by different reviewers. Yudovin's photographs were compared to Alter Kacyzne's Roman Vishniac's, and W. E. B. Du Bois'.
Questionnaire
| 2.328125
| 0
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78543257
|
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chachaura%20district
|
Chachaura district
|
Chachaura district is a proposed district in Madhya Pradesh, India. On 18 March 2020, the bill to create Chachaura district was passed by the state cabinet. Chachaura, currently falls in Guna district. Chachaura district will be formed separated from Guna district. The headquarter of the Chachaura district will be Chachoura.
Formation
The formation of Chachaura district will accelerate development work in the area. Guna district consists of four assembly constituencies; Chachoura, Raghogarh, Guna and Bamori, out of which the entire Chachoura and some part of Raghogarh will be merged to form Chachaura district. The area of proposed district will include three tehsils Chachaura, Kumbhraj and Maksoodangarh.
Historical importance
Chachaura has a glorious History. The old name of Chachaura is Champavati. There is a Historical Fort in Chachaura which was made in the 16th-17th century and this Fort is also a State Protected Monument of Madhya Pradesh. There are Baag Bageshwar Dhaam, Hanuman Temple Chaan, Ambala Dhaam, Bade Ganpati Temple, Sita Bavari, Choudhaleshwar Dhaam and other many old and famous devotional places also present.
Economic position
Chachaura is a tribal and backward class dominated area. The economy of this region is based on agriculture. In agriculture production this region is known for the production of coriander. And the coriander here is famous not only in the country but also abroad.
| 2.46875
| 0
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78543275
|
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Manoel%20Horta%20Ribeiro
|
Manoel Horta Ribeiro
|
Manoel Horta Ribeiro is a computer scientist and a professor at Princeton University. Ribeiro is recognized for his work on online platforms, studying recommender systems and the impact of generative AI.
Biography
Ribeiro received a BSc and an MSc in computer science from the Federal University of Minas Gerais and a Ph.D. in computer science from EPFL, advised by Robert West. Following his PhD, he then joined the Princeton's Computer Science Department.
In 2020, in a paper published at the ACM Conference on Fairness, Accountability, Ribeiro and co-authors found evidence of a radicalization pipeline on YouTube, finding that users “systematically progress towards more extreme content on the platform.” A YouTube spokesperson responded that the research did not reflect changes to their search and discovery algorithms and that they disagreed with the research methodology and conclusions. Later work indicated that this process was driven largely by user preferences rather than YouTube's algorithm. For example, in an article by The Atlantic, he argued that the popularity of controversial influencers is not due to some "preference" of the algorithm, but because their content is engaging.
In other work, Ribeiro has studied the impact of generative AI systems on online platforms. His research found that AI chatbots are persuasive in debates, which indicates that AIs might be used for targeted persuasion campaigns. Further, he found that they are widely used in crowdsourcing platforms like MTurk and Prolific, threatening the integrity of research that relies on these platforms.
Honors and awards
Ribeiro has received multiple honors and awards, including:
Receiving a Forbes 30 under 30 Award.
Receiving a Meta research fellowship.
Receiving a Google Latin America Research award.
Receiving awards at CS conferences such as CSCW and ICWSM.
| 2.15625
| 0
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78543356
|
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Emilio%20Ruiz%20Mu%C3%B1oz
|
Emilio Ruiz Muñoz
|
At unspecified time Ruiz Ramírez married Aurora Muñoz Reina (1843–1920). There is little known of either her or her family, except that her younger brother – and Emilio's maternal uncle – was Francisco de Paula Muñoz Reina. Ordained a priest, in the 1880s he served as a presbyter in Málaga, then parson of the San Pedro church, and finally the dean of the cathedral, becoming a prestigious personality in the city. It is known that he and his nephew maintained very close relations, as reportedly Francisco loved Emilio “like a father”. The uncle was a Traditionalist of the Integrist branch and the follower of Ramón Nocedal; also the father at unspecified time abandoned liberalism and converted to Integrism. It is not clear how many children Francisco and Aurora had; there is none except Emilio known.
According to some sources Emilio's parents moved from Bentarique to Málaga, where reportedly the boy received his primary education; this information is incompatible with sources which claim that at the time his father was still related to Bentarique. Some data might suggest Emilio later frequented Colegio de 2a Enseñanza in Terque (a municipality 2 km from Bentarique); the college was a branch of the Almería Instituto, the state-run secondary education establishment. At unspecified time, though most likely in the early 1890s, the adolescent Emilio decided to follow in the footsteps of his uncle and to commence an ecclesiastic career; he entered the seminary in Málaga. Exact years of education as a seminarist are unknown, yet most likely it has been completed prior to 1901; by this time he must have been also ordained a priest, since in 1901 he already appears as a presbyter. He double-majored, graduating both in theology and in canon law.
Ecclesiastic career
| 2.046875
| 0
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78543356
|
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Emilio%20Ruiz%20Mu%C3%B1oz
|
Emilio Ruiz Muñoz
|
In 1913 Ruiz Muñoz again applied for the vacant canonjía by the Málaga cathedral and emerged successful; he was nominated to the post of canónigo archivero. Little is known of his 7-year-long spell in Málaga. At times he was noted as delivering sermons or taking part in local Catholic events; he also resumed teaching duties at his alma mater, in 1916 recorded as Catedrático de Historia eclesiástica en el Seminario Conciliar. At the time he was heavily engaged in the Madrid-based daily El Siglo Futuro. At unspecified time the papal nuncio Francesco Ragonesi “por orden a miento de Su Santidad” took an exceptional decision and allowed Ruiz Muñoz to move back to Madrid to continue with editorial tasks while retaining his official canon position in Málaga.
Since 1920 Ruiz Muñoz was back in Madrid, fairly seldom noted as delivering sermons in various churches (this time no particular temple prevailing) and during feasts, funerals or weddings. He kept attending religious conferences, e.g. the one organized by Acción Católica in Cáceres (1924) or Asamblea Nacional del Clero in Jaca (1926). In 1927 he was for the first time listed among “capellanes de honor” by the royal chapel, and would consistently appear as “capellán real” of Alfonso XIII. At the turn of the decades he was routinely delivering lectures in apologetics to Juventud Católica Femenina de Estudiantes. He remained member of the Málaga cabildo catedral and one of its 11 canónigos, last mentioned in this role in 1932. In Madrid he was most often noted as related to the Buen Suceso church. In 1935 he was to take care of religious issues in Residencia de Estudiantes, a planned Catholic establishment for university students.
El Siglo Futuro
| 2.34375
| 0
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78543356
|
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Emilio%20Ruiz%20Mu%C3%B1oz
|
Emilio Ruiz Muñoz
|
In 1912 Ruiz Muño translated from Latin a liturgical manual, the work officially approved for usage by the Spanish hierarchy. In 1913 as "Fabio" he released two theatrical dramas, both revolving around religious topics and set in ancient Rome: Fabiola and Santa Cecilia; it is not known whether any of them has been actually staged. In 1916 in Málaga he published a 150-page hagiographic booklet Los Stos. Mártires Ciriaco y Paula, prologued by Fidel Fita, in 1921 followed by a 92-page treaty on the role of a woman (collection of some of his earlier lectures), and in 1923 by a 129-page historiographic work El comunismo y los primeros cristianos (earlier serialized in El Siglo). Another selection of earlier articles, Polémica sociológica, was released in 1927. His last stand-alone work was a 31-page pamphlet Las dos legitimidades de la potestad civil, a historiosophic treaty indirectly but clearly aimed against political regime of the Second Republic.
Apart from El Siglo Futuro Ruiz Muñoz was marginally related to other periodicals. In 1915 in Málaga he founded a religious bulletin titled Pan de Rosario and directed it for a while; its declared purpose was cultivation of "tres bienes espirituales (Rosario, Eucaristía, Doctrina) y uno temporal (el pan del cuerpo)”. In 1933 the periodical was still being issued; as no copy survived, it is unclear whether with any of his contributions. In the very early 1930s he sent some pieces to the post-Integrist Pamplona title La Tradición Navarra, “cuyos textos eran muy destacados”. In 1932 and invited by Eugenio Vegas Latapié, earlier impressed by his writings, Ruiz Muñoz penned 13 erudite articles to the intellectual monarchist monthly Acción Española. Some of them were massive; since Manuel Senante as the El Siglo Futuro director did not agree to him using the pen-name "Fabio", in Acción Española he was signing as "Javier Reina". In 1932 he contributed a treaty on The Protocols of the Elders of Zion to Las sectas, a tri-monthly issued by Juan Tusquets.
| 2.265625
| 0
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78543531
|
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Metsolat
|
Metsolat
|
Metsolat was a Finnish drama television series produced by Yleisradio and aired between 1993 and 1995. Directed and edited by Carl Mesterton, the series was co-written by Mesterton alongside his wife Anna-Lisa Mesterton, Curt Ulfstedt, and Miisa Lindén. The series depicts the life of a fictional small-scale farming family living in Hoikka, a municipality in the Kainuu region, from midsummer 1987 to Christmas 1996. The series gained significant popularity, with over a million viewers per episode.
The story and its subsequent events have been adapted into five novels, all of which have since sold out.
In 1994, Metsolat received the Pro Maaseutu award and an honorary certificate from the Telvis press jury. The following year, Carl Mesterton was awarded the Special Telvis Award, and the series received the Kunniakämmen award from the Invalidiliitto (Finnish Disabled Persons Association) for being the best Finnish television program addressing disability.
Plot
Antti and Annikki Metsola (née Leppävaara) live on a small farm called Leppävaara in the fictional municipality of Hoikka, located in Kainuu. Annikki's mother resides in her own cottage on the farm, which she co-owns with Annikki after her father's death. Antti, whose family farm was ceded to the Soviet Union in 1944, lives at Leppävaara as a son-in-law. The couple has three sons—Risto, Heikki, and Erkki—and two daughters, Jaana and Eeva. Risto lives in Tampere with his wife Raija and their children, Lasse and Liisa. Heikki resides in Sweden with his wife Kristina and their two sons. Erkki remains at Leppävaara, while Jaana lives in Sotkamo with her husband Jaakko Järvenheimo, working as a cosmetologist. The youngest, Eeva, studies medicine in Tampere.
| 1.992188
| 0
|
78543672
|
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Amastra%20vetusta
|
Amastra vetusta
|
Amastra vetusta is a species of air-breathing land snail, a terrestrial pulmonate gastropod mollusc in the family Amastridae.
Description
The length of the shell attains 13 mm, its diameter 7.5 mm.
(Later supplemental description by Hyatt, A. & Pilsbry, H. A. ) The shell is minutely rimate, oblong-conic, and relatively thick and solid. Known exclusively from fossil specimens, it is whitish and lacks a cuticle. The spire is slightly conic, tapering toward a subacute apex. There are 6 1/3 whorls, which are only slightly convex.
The initial half-whorl is smooth, followed by two embryonic whorls finely sculptured with deeply engraved, slightly arched longitudinal striae. Subsequent whorls are more coarsely sculptured with prominent, closely spaced longitudinal wrinkles intersected by a few irregularly placed spiral lines, as if etched on a softer surface.
The aperture is small, ovate, and nearly vertical. The outer lip is thickened and obtuse, with a strong inner reinforcement. The columella bears a subhorizontal lamella that appears modest in a frontal view but is notably prominent in an oblique view of the aperture. The parietal callus is substantial, particularly at its margin.
Amastra vetusta exhibits the characteristic shell thickening and coarse sculpture commonly observed in land snails inhabiting arid environments with minimal shade or cover.
Distribution
This species is endemic to Hawaii, occurring on Oahu Island.
| 2.3125
| 0
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78544164
|
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Amastra%20conica
|
Amastra conica
|
Amastra conica is a species of air-breathing land snail, a terrestrial pulmonate gastropod mollusc in the family Amastridae.
Subspecies
Amastra conica conica Baldwin, 1906
Amastra conica gentilis C. M. Cooke, 1917
Amastra conica gyrans Hyatt, 1911
Amastra conica kohalensis Hyatt & Pilsbry, 1911
Description
The length of the shell attains 15.5 mm, its diameter 8 mm.
(Later supplemental description by Hyatt, A. & Pilsbry, H. A.) The shell is a fossil specimen. It is dextral and minutely perforated, with a thin, elongately conical shape and an acute apex. Its surface is delicately sculpted with fine growth lines, while the apical whorls exhibit radiating sulcations. The original coloration of the living shell remains unknown. Comprising seven convex whorls, the shell features a well-defined suture. The aperture is oblique and oval, framed by a simple, very thin peristome. The columella ends in a subtly developed fold.
The species was discovered within deposits of fossilized shells at a location known as Mana. The likelihood of living specimens of this species persisting to the present day or within any recent period is exceedingly low.
Distribution
This species is endemic to Hawaii, occurring on the Lanai island.
| 2.484375
| 0
|
78544172
|
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Culture%20of%20Lagos
|
Culture of Lagos
|
The amalgamation of Nigeria in 1914 marked a period of significant cultural nationalism, and Lagos became a center for musical experimentation. Genres like waka, Asiko, sakara and palm-wine music flourished, blending indigenous sounds with Western instruments. This genre laid the foundation for highlife and juju music, . Artists like Bobby Benson, Victor Olaiya, Ebenezer Obey, and King Sunny Ade contributed to the popularity of these styles. In the 1970s and 1980s, Lagos became the cradle of Afrobeat, popularised by Fela Anikulapo Kuti and Tony Allen. Lagos with its political unrest and vibrant nightlife, provided the perfect backdrop for the genre's emergence. Combining traditional African rhythm with funk and Jazz, serving as a vehicle for political critique against corruption and authoritarianism.
In 1977, Lagos hosted the Second World Festival of Black Arts and Culture (FESTAC '77), a monumental event that attracted over 16,000 participants from 56 African nations and the African diaspora. This festival showcased Lagos’s role as a cultural beacon, with music at its core, and solidified its reputation as a global stage for African unity and creativity. Lagos's urban spaces have also been instrumental in shaping its music scene. Iconic venues such as the New Afrika Shrine, Empire Hotel, Cool Cats Inn, Central Cinema, and Caban Bamboo nightclub became the breeding grounds for musical innovation, from Afrobeat to highlife.
The 1980s and 1990s marked a transformative period characterised by the rise of digital music, the spread of reggae, and the birth of Nigerian hip-hop. In 2004, a new era of individualism emerged moving away from the dominance of boy bands and collaborative groups. The era witnessed the emergence of artists like Timaya, 2 Face, D’Banj, ELDee, Don Jazzy, K-Solo, and 9ice.
| 2.4375
| 0
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78544185
|
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Marie-Anne%20Waldstein
|
Marie-Anne Waldstein
|
Mariana Fernanda Waldstein or Marie-Anne Waldstein (Vienna, 30 May 1763 – Fano Italy, 21 June 1808), Marchioness of Santa Cruz, was an Austrian-Spanish aristocrat and painter.
Biography
She was born on 30 May 1761 in Vienna, as daughter of Count Emanuel Philibert von Waldstein-Wartenberg (1731–1775) and sister of Count Ferdinand von Waldstein, early patron of Ludwig van Beethoven.
Aged 18, she married the 47-year-old widowed Spanish Marquis of Santa Cruz José Joaquín de Silva-Bazán. She followed her husband to Spain, where she began to cultivate painting under the direction of Isidro Carnicero. A portrait of her hand presented to the Real Academia de Bellas Artes de San Fernando led to her receiving the title of Honorary director and Academic of merit for painting. She went on to dedicate herself more to miniatures alongside the painters Dubois and Heltz from Saxony.
In 1797 or 1799, she was painted by Francisco Goya. The painting is now in the Louvre Museum.
She was rumoured to have had an affair with French Ambassador Ferdinand Guillemardet in 1798 and with his successor Lucien Bonaparte in 1800–1802.
In 1802, her husband died and she went to Italy, leaving her portrait made by her hand in the gallery of Florence. The academy of that city, and later that of San Lucas in Rome, named her an Academician of merit. In 1805 she returned to Spain, and resided there for a very short time before moving back to Italy. There she continued to paint and copy works by the great masters, such as Caravaggio, Titian and Il Garofalo. She died in Fano at the age of forty-five on 21 June 1808.
Children
From her marriage with José Joaquín de Silva-Bazán, she had four children:
José Gabriel de Silva-Bazán (1782–1839), 10th Marquis of Santa Cruz, Grandee of Spain
Juan Manuel de Silva y Waldstein (1783)
Marianna Teresa de Silva y Waldstein (1787–1805), married Bernardino Fernández de Velasco (1783–1851)
Pedro de Silva y Waldstein (1789).
| 1.960938
| 0
|
78544407
|
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jacob%20S.%20Raisin
|
Jacob S. Raisin
|
Jacob Salmon Raisin (October 19, 1878 – January 11, 1946) was a Belarusian-born Jewish-American who served as rabbi in Charleston, South Carolina for nearly 30 years.
Life
Raisin was born on October 19, 1878, in Nesvizh, Russia, the son of Rabbi Aaron Shlomo Raisin and Taube Slutsky. He was the descendant of a long line of rabbis and communal workers, including Rabbi Solomon Zalman of Mir and Koenigsberg, , Rabbi Meir Katzenellenbogen of Padua, and Rashi. His brother was Rabbi Max Raisin.
Raisin immigrated to America in 1892. He studied at the College of the City of New York from 1894 to 1897, and in 1900 he graduated from the University of Cincinnati and was ordained a rabbi by Hebrew Union College. He also received a D.D. from Hebrew Union College in 1913, a Ph.D. from the University of Denver in 1911, and an LL.B. from Albany Law School in 1915. In 1900, he was elected rabbi of Temple Gemiluth Chessed in Port Gibson, Mississippi. By 1903, he wrote "Life and Work of George Eliot" in Hebrew, "Beginning of the Renaissance among Russian Jews," "A Glimpse into Jewish Science," and "The Maskilim in America."
| 1.945313
| 0
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78544438
|
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Doreck%20Ankunda
|
Doreck Ankunda
|
Recognition and advocacy
Ankunda’s award at the Bayelsa International Film Festival brought her international recognition, highlighting both her talent and the significance of her work in the context of Uganda’s burgeoning film industry. She expressed that the award was not just a personal triumph but also a moment of recognition for Uganda, demonstrating the country's growing commitment to inclusive storytelling. For Ankunda, the award served as a motivation to continue using her platform to champion the representation of people with disabilities in film and other media. In interviews, she emphasized the importance of African cinema sharing stories from underrepresented communities. She believes that people with disabilities are often marginalized and that cinema has the power to challenge societal stereotypes and promote inclusivity. By showcasing diverse experiences and perspectives, she hopes to encourage both filmmakers and audiences to recognize the potential of individuals with disabilities and support more inclusive practices within the industry.
| 2.078125
| 0
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78544552
|
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Almoravid%20and%20Almohad%20textiles
|
Almoravid and Almohad textiles
|
The downfall of the Almoravid empire represented a great change for the textile industry in al-Andalus. The Almohads’ initial rejection of the textile industry defines most scholarship on the textile transition between empires. Abu Yusuf Yaqub al-Mansur, a caliph of the Almohad empire, commanded the sale of many textiles held in tirāz and prohibited luxurious garments, including women’s embroidered gowns. Many scholars believe that the Almohads halted textile production in alignment with religious beliefs of “piety and simplicity” that “[glorified] the word of God as its primary aim." Recently, however, scholars such as Laura Rodríguez Peinado have suggested that the halt in textile production “could have been due to the hatred that the Almohads showed for their predecessors, the Almoravids." In small, private workshops, the production and exportation of luxury textiles continued, maintaining Almería’s wealth. Textile production slowly picked back up under later Almohad rule, never reaching its former renown, but still developing a new, distinctive Almohad design, notably with fewer figural motifs.
Major examples
Almoravid pieces
Many of the remaining fabrics from the Almoravid period were reused by Christians, with examples in the reliquary of San Isidoro in León, a chasuble from Saint-Sernin in Toulouse, the Chasuble of San Juan de Ortega in the church of Quintanaortuña (near Burgos), the shroud of San Pedro de Osma, a tunic found in the tomb of Infante Don García (son of Alfonso VII), and a fragment found at the church of Thuir in the eastern Pyrenees.
| 2.734375
| 0
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78544630
|
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/La%20Prele%20Mammoth%20Site
|
La Prele Mammoth Site
|
La Prele Mammoth Site (48CO1401), originally named the Hinrichs Mammoth Site and later the Fetterman Mammoth Site, is an archaeological site on a 7 meter deep alluvial terrace of the La Prele Creek in Converse County, Wyoming near Douglas. The La Prele Creek is a tributary of the North Platte lying about 1.6 kilometers from the confluence. The alluvial terrace dates from 20,000 to 8000 CYBP (calendar years before present) and Early Paleoindian occupation has only been found in one layer. The site area was at least 4500 square meters and had a "large campsite containing multiple concentrations of artifacts likely representing several residential features". Geochemical analysis of red ocher found at the site found it came from the Powars II ocher quarry about 100 kilometers distant.
Excavations
Work at the site began in 1987 conducted by Dr. George Frison, after being located by two "avocational collectors", found a partial subadult Columbian mammoth and a chipped stone flake tool and two flakes, both in situ and a possible hammerstone. Seven more flakes were recovered from the transport plaster. Excavation extent was a 3 meter by 4 meter square. A subsequent analysis disputed the association between the faunal remains and the occupation remains, mainly based on weathering and the lack of butchering marks, resulting in the site being discounted.
| 2.109375
| 0
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78544681
|
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bruno%20Menzel
|
Bruno Menzel
|
Bruno Menzel (25 February 1932 – 14 September 1996) was a German politician of the Free Democratic Party (FDP).
A physician by trade, Menzel became politically active during the Peaceful Revolution, co-founding the Free Democratic Party of the GDR and serving as their only leader until the merger with the West German FDP. He afterward was elected to the Bundestag, retiring in 1994 and dying soon thereafter.
Life and career
Physician
After passing his Abitur in 1950, Menzel began studying medicine at the University of Halle, completing his state exam and doctorate in medicine (Dr. med.) in 1956.
He trained as a specialist in internal medicine until 1961, and also trained as a subspecialist in infectious diseases and tropical medicine.
He then became head of the 3rd medical clinic at the district hospital in Dessau and later served as the leading chief physician there.
The Society for Infectious and Tropical Medicine elected him as its deputy chair; he also served as chairman of the local chapter of the German Red Cross in the GDR.
Peaceful Revolution
Menzel became politically active during the Peaceful Revolution in the GDR. In January 1990, he was one of the co-founders of the Committee for the Formation of a Free Democratic Party in the GDR, and in the following month, he was elected chairman at the party's founding convention in wealthy Berlin-Weißensee.
He was the favored candidate of the West German FDP leadership because he was not as opposed to a possible merger with a renewed LDPD as the East Berlin founding circle.
Shortly afterward, he indeed lead the party into an electoral alliance with the now renamed LDP and the German Forum Party called Association of Free Democrats () (BFD) for the Volkskammer election in March.
The party struggled, it had low membership and it was hardly possible to build up its own structures. Even the West German FDP paid more attention to the former bloc party LDP with its over 100,000 members.
| 1.976563
| 0
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78544916
|
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mindbloom
|
Mindbloom
|
Studies
In 2022, a study was published in the Journal of Affective Disorders, testing the effectiveness of at-home ketamine therapy for treating depression and anxiety, using data from 1,247 Mindbloom patients. This was the largest study regarding the safety and efficacy of ketamine treatments at the time of its publishing. The results showed that 62.8% of patients with depression and 62.9% of patients with anxiety experienced improvement in their symptoms within four weeks, while less than 1% of patients saw their symptoms worsen. 88.6% of patients in the study reported an improvement in their symptoms, with 9.3% of that total accounting for a delayed improvement. The study lacked a control group for comparison and contained limited follow-up data.
In 2024, a follow-up study was published, also in the Journal of Affective Disorders. In a sample of 11,441 Mindbloom patients, 56.4% of those experiencing depression reported an improvement in their symptoms, while 28.1% reported remission in their depressive symptoms after 4 sessions. Among patients who experienced anxiety-related symptoms, 56.1% reported an improvement, while 28.8% of patients reported remission in those symptoms after 4 sessions. Less than 5% of patients responded negatively to the treatment. The study lacked a control group and a fixed dosage of medicine, and showed a drop-off in follow-up data after 4 weeks. The study also found that "mutual activation of depressed mood and anhedonia had a substantial role in maintaining depression despite ongoing treatment."
| 1.976563
| 0
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78545112
|
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ga%C3%ABlle%20Choisne
|
Gaëlle Choisne
|
Her sculptural installations are shown in solo and group exhibitions in France and abroad, such as at the Centrale Gallery Powerhouse in Montreal in 2015, at the Beirut Art Center for the 13th Sharjah Biennial in 2017, at the CAFA Art Museum in Beijing in 2017, or at Hunter East Harlem and the Musée d'Art Moderne de la Ville de Paris in 2018.
As part of the Reiffers Art Initiatives 2023 mentoring program, the artist mentor Lorna Simpson chose to support Gaëlle Choisne. This culminated in an exhibition during Paris+ by Art Basel.
The artist was represented in France by Galerie Untilthen. In 2024, she is represented by the gallery Air de Paris.
Recognition
Gaëlle Choisne is the winner of the AWARE 2021 Prize in the “Emerging Artist” category, organized by the Archives of Women Artists, Research and Exhibitions. She is also the winner of the Marcel Duchamp Prize in 2024.
Engagement
Gaëlle Choisne is involved with various private and public institutions, for which she carries out alternative projects. She also organizes creative workshops with schoolchildren and residents of Port-au-Prince, Haiti. She initiates projects focusing on the use of recycled materials, and the development of committed urban planning methods.
| 2.015625
| 0
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78545128
|
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nodality
|
Nodality
|
In critical race theory, nodality is a framework for understanding how racialized groups are organized into relational nodes within a wider structure.
Description
Each racial group is a node in a polyhedron, connected to all other nodes, with the white node in the center. Nodality critiques the two-dimensional black-white binary, polypolarity, and triangulation theories of race in favor of a multidimensional model. Instead of understanding racism as unidirectional from white to Black, nodality conceives racism as multidirectional between differentially racialized groups.
There are four main forms of nodality:
Relational nodality says that all racialized groups are relational and connected rather than isolated, and each group influences the others.
Regulatory nodality says that the white node regulates the other nodes through differential racialization.
Inflationary nodality says that, over time, non-white groups transitioning into whiteness become white through white inflation, preserving the contrast value of whiteness as property.
Peripheral nodality says that Black and Indigenous people, as nodes on the periphery of the polyhedron, are situated in sites of critical resistance.
| 2.296875
| 0
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78545190
|
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/UMass%20Boston%20College%20of%20Education%20and%20Human%20Development
|
UMass Boston College of Education and Human Development
|
CEHD is the largest provider of teachers to the Boston Public Schools and the most racially diverse teacher preparation program in Massachusetts. In the 1990s, the College of Education began a partnership with The Mather School and Dorchester High School. In the late 1990s, the Teach Next Year program, a nationally recognized yearlong teacher residency, was created as a pipeline program with the Boston Public Schools. It was highlighted by Barack Obama during his 2011 speech at TechBoston Academy in Dorchester. In 2024, CEHD entered a partnership with the Ruth Batson Academy (formerly the BCLA/McCormack School) in Dorchester to create Boston's first University-Assisted Community School and received a $1.9 million donation from Robert and Ruth Starratt to create a scholarship for students from the Ruth Batson Academy who plan to pursue a career in education in the Boston Public Schools.
Since 2018, the New Balance corporation has donated $15 million to help establish an undergraduate sports leadership and administration program in CEHD.
| 2.25
| 0
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78545646
|
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pauline%20Laurens
|
Pauline Laurens
|
Pauline Laurens (27 May 1850 – 1 January 1941) was a French painter and printmaker. In 1873, aged 22, Laurens exhibited for the first time in the highly esteemed Salon de Paris. Her work was selected for exhibition in ten subsequent Salons. Laurens was married to Gustave Besnard, an officer who served the French Navy for 50 years and was Navy Minister between 1895 and 1898. Her paintings were described by art critic Eugène-Henri Le Brun-Dalbanne in 1875 as close to paintings by Antoine Watteau and Jean-Baptiste Greuze.
Biography
Born in Paris in 1850 in an upper-middle-class family, Laurens grew up in a family environment that viewed art and painting as key to a young girl's education.
Since women could not yet attend the École Nationale des Beaux-Arts de Paris, Laurens studied painting with Charles Joshua Chaplin (1825–1891), a highly regarded teacher known for his elegant portraits of young women.
During the Belle Époque, Chaplin conducted art classes specifically for women at his studio (23 rue de Lisbonne in Paris). Laurens’classmates included Mary Cassatt, Henriette Browne, Louise Abbéma, Madeleine Lemaire, Eva Gonzalès.
Laurens also studied engraving with Charles Albert Waltner (1846–1925), known for his ability to render large color paintings by Rembrandt, Thomas Gainsborough and Eugène Delacroix into etchings.
Laurens exhibited annually at the Paris Salon de peinture et de sculpture between 1873 and 1884. During the Belle Époque, the Paris Salon was the most important event in French artistic life. Having a painting or an engraving in it gave the artists prestige and visibility. Not surprisingly, the presence of female artists at the Salon was significantly minor compared to their male fellows.
In the years 1875–1880, Pauline Laurens was a popular portrait painter in the high society of the Third Republic.
Between 1875 and 1880, she also produced a number of prints using the etching technique. She received an award for her engravings at the 1877 Paris Salon.
| 2.453125
| 0
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78545983
|
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Charles%20Chandler%20Reese
|
Charles Chandler Reese
|
Charles Chandler Reese (May 1862-July 3, 1936), was a well-known American illustrator, newspaper cartoonist, and artist who worked for newspapers in Boston, Massachusetts; Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania; Philadelphia, Pennsylvania; and New York City. His sketches on the field of action in Cuba during the Spanish-American War appeared in the New York World. His two-time comic strip, Speaking of Ancestors, appeared in the Philadelphia North American in February 1904. He also contributed cartoon series to the Boston Herald and New York Tribune. He was the first artist to have a picture reproduced as a double-truck, or two-page, illustration in a newspaper. He was the younger brother of American journalist Cara Reese. His parents were Abram or Abraham Reese, who came from Wales, and Mary Godwin Reese, who came from England. He also had three brothers: Harry, Arthur, and Stanley. Reese served for decades in the 18th Regiment of the National Guard, enlisting in 1876 and serving as an Adjutant in 1892. He married a woman named Bertha in 1895 and divorced her for infidelity in 1913. He later remarried by 1920 to a woman named Eloise and had a daughter, also named Eloise or Elsie, and was living in Staten Island, New York, and working as an artist for a press company, according to U.S. census data. He relocated to California in 1930, where he worked as an independent artist, and died in Glendale, California in 1936.
| 2.46875
| 0
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78546343
|
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2023%20Robinson%E2%80%93Sullivan%20tornado
|
2023 Robinson–Sullivan tornado
|
With increased confidence of favorable parameters for severe weather, the SPC upped the threat for strong tornadoes even further, introducing two tornado-driven high risk areas in their 16:30 UTC outlook; it was the first high risk issuance since March 25, 2021. The first high risk area covered southeastern Iowa, northwestern Illinois, and far northeastern Missouri, while the second included eastern Arkansas, southwestern Tennessee, and northern Mississippi. These two distinct areas were given a 30% hatched risk for tornadoes, given the extremely favorable environment for the development and sustainment of discrete supercells with strong to violent tornado potential. The northern high-risk area was expected to see an arcing band of quasi-discrete supercells that would initially produce large hail before becoming tornadic with the possibility of producing several long-track strong to potentially violent tornadoes. Supercells would be more scattered, but longer tracked within the southern high-risk area with multiple rounds of tornadic storms capable of producing long-lived strong to violent tornadoes expected. The large area surrounding and connecting the two high risk areas maintained a moderate risk, with an accompanying 15% hatched risk for tornadoes, as supercells that could develop in this environment could similarly sustain and rotate, although storm coverage was expected to be somewhat lower, and the environment would not be as favorable.
| 2.25
| 0
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78547070
|
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Giuseppina%20De%20Muro
|
Giuseppina De Muro
|
Giuseppina De Muro (or Demuro) (1903–1965) was an Italian Roman Catholic nun who saved over 500 people from concentration camps during the German occupation of Italy.
She was born Rosina De Muro in 1903 in Lanusei, Sardinia. Sister De Muro was a member of the religious congregation Figlie della Carità di San Vincenzo De' Paoli (Daughters of Charity of St. Vincent de Paul). She spent most of her life in Turin, Italy, serving from 1925 until her death.
She is credited with saving the lives of over 500 people by preventing their deportation from Le Nuove prison to Nazi concentration camps. Among those she saved was Italian essayist Massimo Foa, who was nine months old when she smuggled him out of the prison in a load of dirty sheets. He was taken in by Clotilde Roda Boggia ("mamma Tilde") in Turin, who raised him as a son. One way sister De Muro saved people was by inventing a disease and then having them transferred to a local hospital.
Sister De Muro wrote a report for Cardinal Archbishop Maurilio Fossati, who had urged Catholics to take Jewish refugees into their homes, describing the horrors and the suffering. To support her claim, Father Ruggero Cipolla, OFM (1911-2006), the prison chaplain, wrote to him as well, saying that everything she related was true.
Yad Vashem, Israel's official Holocaust memorial in Jerusalem, named her Righteous Among the Nations. The Jewish Community of Turin presented the award at Le Nuove prison, which is now a museum, on December 3, 2024.
In 2018 a trailer was released for a documentary film about her life, "Suor Giuseppina Demuro - La dignità di una donna" (Sister Giuseppina Demura - The dignity of a woman"). Its director is Paolo Damosso, who also made films about Italian religious figures Clelia Merloni, saint Giuseppe Benedetto Cottolengo and saint Padre Pio.
| 2.5
| 0
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78547823
|
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Atilius%20%28freedman%29
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Atilius (freedman)
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Atilius was an entrepreneur and gladiator fight promoter of ancient Rome who lived in the 1st century CE, and was blamed for one of the worst structural disasters in history, still referenced in building manuals thousands of years later.
He was one of the libertini (the Roman social status of freedmen), and commissioned an amphitheatre at Fidenae to be built during the reign of the emperor Tiberius, in 27 CE, to capitalize on the Roman appetite for live sporting entertainment, especially as Tiberius was suppressing the games within Rome itself, causing citizens to seek entertainment in satellite cities like Fidenae.
During the venue's grand opening -- a crowded gladiatorial event -- the arena collapsed, killing or injuring between 20,000 (according to the historian Suetonius) and 50,000 (according to the historian Tacitus) spectators. Other, later writers criticized these numbers as "exaggerations", noting that the famed Colosseum itself only seats 50,000. The 4th-century compilation known as the Chronograph of 354 numbers the dead at 4,205, which modern scholars suspect is closer to the truth.
Tacitus gave an especially graphic account of the disaster:
Later writers laid the blame on Atilius for compromising safety in the interests of saving money, encouraging his builders to skip critical building stages and use substandard materials.
Atilius was banished as a consequence. This incident also inspired the Roman Senate to draft new regulations for the entertainment industry.
| 2.515625
| 0
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78548066
|
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fall%20of%20the%20Assad%20regime
|
Fall of the Assad regime
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Hafez al-Assad built his governmental system as a bureaucracy that was marked by a distinct cult of personality. Images, portraits, quotes and praises of Assad were displayed everywhere from schools to public markets and government offices. He was referred to as the "Immortal Leader" and the "Sanctified One" (al-Muqaddas). Assad reorganised Syrian society along militaristic lines, persistently invoked conspiratorial rhetoric on the dangers of foreign-backed plots abetted by fifth columnists, and promoted the armed forces as a central aspect of public life.
After Hafez al-Assad's seizure of power in 1970, state propaganda promoted a new national discourse based on unifying Syrians under "a single imagined Ba'athist identity," as well as Assadism. Fervently loyalist paramilitaries known as the Shabiha () deified Assad and pursued psychological warfare against non-conformist populations.
Bashar al-Assad
After Hafez al-Assad's death, his son and successor Bashar al-Assad inherited the existing personality cult, with the party hailing him as the "Young Leader" and "Hope of the People." Drawing influence from North Korea's hereditary leadership model, official propaganda in Syria ascribed divine features to the Assad family, and reveres the Assad patriarchs as the founding fathers of modern Syria.
| 2.03125
| 0
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78548066
|
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fall%20of%20the%20Assad%20regime
|
Fall of the Assad regime
|
Geopolitical impact
The fall of Assad triggered a high-stakes geopolitical scramble as regional powers vie for influence in a newly fragmented country. Countries like Saudi Arabia, Egypt, the UAE, Turkey and Qatar are pursuing competing interests, with Egypt and the Gulf states seeking to prevent the rise of Islamist factions, particularly the Muslim Brotherhood, while Turkey and Qatar back groups sympathetic to these ideologies. Israel, aiming to preserve its security, favours Syria's fragmentation to prevent any dominant hostile force from emerging. The U.S. continues to support Kurdish led groups and countering groups it designated as terrorists.
Assad's government was an important ally of Iran and a long-standing member of the Iranian-led Axis of Resistance. Following the rebel capture of Damascus, the Iranian embassy was ransacked, with portraits of Iran's leaders torn down and discarded. Iranian diplomats and Quds Force commanders left Syria in haste. Many Syrians reportedly held Iran and Hezbollah responsible for supporting Assad's oppressive rule. The loss of Syria also disrupted Iran's supply routes to Hezbollah in Lebanon, weakening the group's arsenal and diminishing Iran's strategic foothold in the region.
Western media also described the fall of Assad as damaging to Russian foreign policy, as it exposed Putin's increasing inflexibility and struggle to keep Russia's allies in Africa (Mali, Burkina Faso and Niger) afloat. Observers considered it probable that it would affect Putin's Ukraine strategy following the forced withdrawal of Russian forces from Syria, as well as his influence in Latin America and Africa.
| 2.046875
| 0
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78548501
|
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Human%20rights%20in%20Ba%27athist%20Syria
|
Human rights in Ba'athist Syria
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In 2009 Syria was included in Freedom House's "Worst of the Worst" section and given a rating of 7 for Political Rights: and 6 for Civil Liberties. According to Human Rights Watch, as of 2009 Syria's poor human rights situation had "deteriorated further". Authorities arrested political and human rights activists, censored websites, detained bloggers, and imposed travel bans. Syria's multiple security agencies continue to detain people without arrest warrants. No political parties were licensed and emergency rule, imposed in 1963, remained in effect. Various torture techniques deployed in Syrian detention centres and prisons include routine beatings, rapes, sexual violence, "Bisat al-rih" (flying carpet), etc.
Before the outbreak of Syrian revolution in 2011, Ba'athist Syria's human rights situation was regarded as among the worst in the world. Ba'athist military apparatus arbitrarily arrested numerous civilians, tortured dissidents and violently persecuted Syrian Kurds. The Syrian police continued to arrest journalists, target human rights activists, censor websites, ban media outlets, detain bloggers, and impose travel bans. Arbitrary detentions, torture, and forced disappearances were widespread. Kurdish dissidents and political activists were regularly arrested and imprisoned. Expressions of Kurdish identity were banned, with Kurds being systematically discriminated and treated as "second-class citizens" in Ba'athist Syria.
| 2.15625
| 0
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78548749
|
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gymnocalycium%20esperanzae
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Gymnocalycium esperanzae
|
Gymnocalycium esperanzae is a species of Gymnocalycium from Argentina.
Description
Gymnocalycium esperanzae is a cactus with stems 5–16 cm in diameter and 5–12 cm tall, shaped from flattened to round. Its greenish-brown to greenish-grey surface has a grey bloom, with 7–16 ribs that start shallow and straight in youth but develop notches with age. The cactus features round to elongated areoles spaced 7–18 mm apart, covered with yellowish to blackish wool that thins over time. It has no central spines but 3–7 radial spines, 8–25 mm long, in colors like brown, black, bluish-grey, purple, or horn-like; the arrangement forms a T-shape with three spines or a shorter upper pair with five or seven. Flowers are 45–70 mm long, 35–40 mm wide, pale pink to whitish-rose, often with purplish bases, and have a yellowish-white style and pale yellow stigma. Fruits are 20–35 mm long, spindle-shaped, and vary from greyish-green to bluish-green or pale brown, with blackish-brown seeds.
Distribution
Plants are found growing west of Nueva Esperanza in San Martin Department in the province of La Rioja Province, Argentina, Argentina at elevations above 500 meters. Plants grow on loam and gravel in low hills with dense shrub-land with scattered trees.
Taxonomy
This species was described in 2011 by Radomír Řepka and Tomáš Kulhánek in Schütziana. Plants are named after Nueva Esperanza, a village close to where the plant was discovered.
| 2.03125
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78549108
|
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Samuel%20Felinton
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Samuel Felinton
|
Samuel Felinton is an American filmmaker and religious freedom advocate.
Early life
Samuel Felinton was born in 2004 in Huntington, West Virginia, and bar mitzvahed at the B'Nai Sholom Congregation. Felinton began attending Huntington High School in 2019 and graduated in 2023. He currently attends West Virginia University pursuing a degree in Theatre Technology and Design.
Religious freedom advocacy
In 2022, while Felinton was a high school junior, he was forced to attend a Christian revival. He was obliged to stay and watch the assembly despite attempting to leave. This assembly would later make international news, by causing a multi-day walkout alongside Max Nibert and himself, including hundreds of their peers.
In 2023, Felinton, alongside other parents, students, and the Freedom from Religion Foundation, settled a lawsuit against the Cabell County Board of Education to implement a ban on teacher-run religious events being held within school hours on campus.
Career
In 2023, Felinton created an animated short Ho-Hum, to submit it into his state's Thespian Festival. Later in 2024, Felinton made T-130, an animated short on mental health, which has been recognized by the Appalachian Film Festival and MTN Craft Film Festival winning the MTN Craft award, making it the highest rated West Virginia Film in 2024.
Later in 2024, Felinton announced the productions of As the Sunflower Whispers, a documentary on Ukrainian refugee crisis in collaboration with MUkraine, and Project Butterfly: Flatwoods, a found footage movie on the Flatwoods Monster.
Filmography
Short film
Feature film
Other work
In 2022, Felinton wrote his first book, Teenager Business, on his entrepreneurship methods and journey through esports.
Personal life
Felinton and his two siblings, Charles and Elizabeth, are the children of Bethany and David Felinton.
Felinton is the great-grandson of Burl Stafford.
| 2.21875
| 0
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78549398
|
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Israeli%20invasion%20of%20Syria%20%282024%E2%80%93present%29
|
Israeli invasion of Syria (2024–present)
|
In the morning of 10 December, photographs revealed sunken Osa-class missile boats in the Port of Latakia after overnight Israeli strikes. The IDF announced that its air force and navy conducted over 480 strikes in Syria in the span of 48 hours, 350 of which targeted airfields, anti-aircraft batteries, missiles, drones, fighter jets, tanks, and weapon production sites, destroying between 70% and 80% of Syria's strategic weapons. It added that 15 naval vessels were destroyed in strikes on Minet el-Beida and Latakia. Overnight on 16 December, Israel struck radar and air defense systems in Tartous and Damascus, with the strikes on Tartous using notably heavy munitions. In the eight days since the fall of the Assad government, Israel struck Syria around 600 times. Al Jazeera correspondent Resul Serdar said that "Israel is pursuing a strategy of diminishing this country's air defence capability and also its air forces." A senior Israeli security source described it as the "largest air operation carried out by its air force in its history". A former rebel commander claimed that they will "need decades to rebuild a national Syrian army".
A Turkish newspaper report alleged that Assad gave information about Syrian military sites to Israel in exchange for safe passage out of the country.
On 29 December, 11 people, mostly civilians, were killed in what is believed to be an Israeli airstrike on a former Syrian Army weapons depot in Adra, near Damascus.
On January 15, the Israeli Air Force struck a Hay'at Tahrir al-Sham vehicle convoy in Quneitra Governorate, killing two HTS personnel and the mayor of a local village. It was the first time that Israel has targeted HTS forces since the fall of the Assad regime.
Reactions
| 1.9375
| 0
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78549475
|
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dacre%20Bears
|
Dacre Bears
|
History and description
Historic England dates the Dacre Bears to the medieval period and records them as each standing about 4 ft high and carved from Red sandstone, which is now heavily weathered. It suggests that their present placement is original, at each of the four corners of the medieval churchyard. The bears were first studied in the 18th century by William Nicolson, Bishop of Carlisle who was also a keen amateur antiquary. It was Nicolson who first deemed the sculptures to represent bears, suggesting they were a heraldic device showing the Bear and Ragged Staff emblem of the Earls of Warwick. However, the statues long predate the emblem. In the 19th century the bears were studied and described by Richard Saul Ferguson, another local antiquarian, who also served as the chancellor of the Diocese of Carlisle. Ferguson suggested that the statues tell a story. Beginning with the bear in the north-west corner of the churchyard and moving south-west, south-east and finally north-east, Ferguson contended that the first sculpture represented a bear in repose; the second, the bear turning its head as a small, cat-like, animal attacks it by climbing onto its back; the third a struggle between the two; and the fourth, the bear, victorious and replete, with a satisfied smile on its face having overcome and eaten its enemy. A recent archaeological survey disputes Historic England's dating, suggesting instead that the sculptures predate the Anglo-Saxon period and may represent evidence of a pagan religious site. Close study of the fourth sculpture has also called into question the identification of the statues as bears. The best-preserved of the quartet, it appears to have a mane and a tail, suggesting that the statues may have been intended to depict lions.
| 2.71875
| 0
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78549648
|
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/NGC%201154
|
NGC 1154
|
NGC 1154 is a barred spiral galaxy located in the constellation Eridanus. It lies approximately 200 million light-years (62.26 Mpc) away from Earth. The galaxy was discovered by the American astronomer Francis Preserved Leavenworth on December 2, 1885.
Characteristics
NGC 1154 is classified as an SB(rs)b galaxy, indicating that it is a barred spiral galaxy with a somewhat ring-like structure. It has an apparent magnitude of 13.6, making it relatively faint and observable primarily with large telescopes.
Distance and position
Distance: ~200 million light-years (62.26 Mpc)
- Right Ascension: 02h 56m 38.6s
- Declination: −10° 21′ 47″
NGC 1154's coordinates place it within the celestial sphere of the constellation Eridanus, a region known for hosting numerous galaxies.
Possible interaction with NGC 1155
NGC 1154 is in close proximity to the galaxy NGC 1155, with which it may be interacting. A faint bridge of material appears to connect the two galaxies, suggesting tidal forces may be at play.
Observation history
NGC 1154 was discovered by Francis Leavenworth in 1885 as part of his deep-sky surveys. Modern observations have been carried out by surveys such as the Pan-STARRS and Sloan Digital Sky Survey (SDSS).
Supernova
One supernova has been observed in NGC 1154: SN2011jp (type II-P, mag. 15.5) was discovered by Greg Bock on 27 December 2011.
| 2.671875
| 0
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78549890
|
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bust%20of%20Richard%20Wagner
|
Bust of Richard Wagner
|
The Bust of Richard Wagner in Leipzig, inaugurated in 1983, is dedicated to the Leipzig-born composer Richard Wagner (1813–1883). The design goes back to the Leipzig sculptor Max Klinger (1857–1920).
Location and shape
The Bust of Richard Wagner stands in the Promenadenring behind the opera house on the eastern slope of the Schwanenteich (Swan Pond), looking west. The location can almost be considered slightly hidden.
The larger than life bust made of dark patinated bronze is tall and rests on a simple sandstone base. This bears the inscription RICHARD WAGNER on the front and MAX KLINGER on the back. On the side, BRONZE NOACK LEIPZIG 1982 indicates the manufacturer. The portrait shows the mature Wagner in classically austere simplicity in a frontal view without any indication of clothing.
History
Neither Max Klinger's efforts from 1903 until the First World War to create a representative monument to the composer in his birthplace in Leipzig, nor the ambitious plans during the Nazi era to erect a monumental memorial at the Richard Wagner Hain, the southern part of the Palmengarten, were successful.
When Wagner's 170th birthday and the 100th anniversary of his death were approaching in 1983, the city decided to find at least a small solution as part of the "Richard Wagner Days of the GDR". Max Klinger had created a Wagner bust made of white marble for the Leipzig Music Room at the 1904 World Exhibition in St. Louis. The original plaster of Paris of the bust was brought to the Museum of Fine Arts in Leipzig along with two casts from the Klinger estate. One of the plaster casts had already been prepared for bronze casting and was used in 1982 by the Leipzig bronze foundry Noack for the present memorial.
The Bust of Richard Wagner is the first completed public memorial to the composer in his birthplace. In the Wagner year of 2013, another Richard Wagner Memorial by Stephan Balkenhol (* 1957) in combination with elements by Max Klinger was erected in Leipzig.
Bibliography
| 2.625
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78549930
|
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gymnocalycium%20castellanosii
|
Gymnocalycium castellanosii
|
Gymnocalycium castellanosii is a species of Gymnocalycium from Argentina.
Description
Gymnocalycium castellanosii is a solitary cactus with dull blue-green, spherical to elongated stems up to 15 cm tall and 10 cm in diameter. It has 10–12 broad, flat ribs divided into sharply defined humps. The straight, whitish spines, tipped in dark, include one central spine and 5–7 radial spines up to 2.5 cm long. The flowers are bell- to funnel-shaped, white with pink tinges, up to 4.5 cm long and wide. The fruits are green and spherical.
Subspecies
Two subspecies are recognized:
Distribution
Native to Argentina, it grows in La Rioja, Córdoba, and San Juan provinces growing on rocky slopes and red sandstone mountains at altitudes of 500 to 1500 meters. Plants are found growing along with Gymnocalycium saglionis, Gymnocalycium schickendantzii, Gymnocalycium bodenbenderianum, Echinopsis aurea, Acanthocalycium leucanthum, Parodia microsperma, Tephrocactus articulatus, Stetsonia coryne, and Salmonopuntia salmiana.
Taxonomy
First described by Curt Backeberg in 1936, its specific epithet honors Argentine botanist Alberto Castellanos.
| 2.21875
| 0
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78550007
|
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gymnocalycium%20mostii
|
Gymnocalycium mostii
|
Gymnocalycium mostii is a species of Gymnocalycium from Argentina.
Description
Gymnocalycium mostii is a solitary cactus with dark green, flattened spherical stems, growing 6–7 cm tall and up to 13 cm in diameter (occasionally up to 20 cm). It has 11–14 deeply notched ribs divided into humps. The strong, curved spines are yellowish-brown with darker tips, aging to gray. There are 1–2 central spines up to 2 cm long (rarely 3 cm) and 7–11 radial spines ranging from 0.6 to 2.2 cm. The flowers are pink to white, sometimes with a darker throat, and measure up to 8 cm in length and diameter. The egg-shaped fruits are slate to blue-green, up to 1.5 cm in diameter and 2 cm long.
Distribution
Native to the Sierras de Córdoba in Argentina's Córdoba province, it grows in grasslands at elevations of 500 to 1500 meters.
Taxonomy
First described as Echinocactus mostii by Max Gürke in 1906, the species was renamed by Nathaniel Lord Britton and Joseph Nelson Rose in 1918. Its name honors Argentine plant collector Carlos Most.
| 2.4375
| 0
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78550242
|
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Alick%20Banda
|
Alick Banda
|
Alick Banda (born 15 November 1963) is a Zambian Catholic bishop who serves as Archbishop of the Archdiocese of Lusaka. He was appointed Archbishop of Lusaka on 30 January 2018 by Pope Francis.
Background and education
Alick Banda was born on 15 November 1963, in the town of Mufulira, Mufulira District, in the Archdiocese of Ndola. He attended primary school and middle school in his home area. He completed high school at a Junior Seminary in Ndola.
He pursued his priestly studies at Mpima Major Seminary in Kabwe, Zambia. Later he continued his education at St. Dominic's Major Seminary in Lusaka, where he graduated with the Diploma in philosophy, followed by a Bachelor's degree in Theology. He holds a Doctor of Philosophy in Canon Law from the Hochschule of St. Georges, Frankfurt, Germany.
Priesthood
He was ordained a priest on 7 August 1994. He served as a priest of the Diocese of Ndola until 30 May 2007.
As bishop
Father Banda was appointed Bishop of Solwezi on 30 May 2007 and received episcopal consecration at Solwezi on 29 July 2007 at the hands of Archbishop Nicola Girasoli, Titular Archbishop of Egnazia Appula and Papal Nucio, assisted by Archbishop Telesphore George Mpundu, Archbishop of Lusaka and Bishop Noel Charles O'Regan, Bishop of Ndola.
Bishop Banda was appointed Bishop of Ndola on 13 November 2009, and was installed on 16 January 2010, succeeding Bishop Noel Charles O'Regan, who resigned. In 2014 the Council of the Catholic University of Eastern Africa (CUEA) elected him vice-chairman of the council, at their meeting at the CUEA campus at Lang'ata, Kenya.
On 30 January 2018, he was appointed Archbishop of the Archdiocese of Lusaka and Apostolic Administrator of Ndola. That apostolic administration ceased on 15 August 2020. He was installed as Archbishop of Lusaka on 14 April 2018.
| 1.984375
| 0
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78550324
|
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Scotsdale%2C%20Western%20Australia
|
Scotsdale, Western Australia
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Scotsdale is a rural locality of the Shire of Denmark in the Great Southern region of Western Australia. The Denmark River flows through the east of the locality. The Scotsdale Road and Redmond Road Nature Reserves are located in the south of Scotsdale.
History
Scotsdale is on the traditional land of the Noongar.
Harewood School, located in Scotsdale, is listed on the shire's heritage register. It is a typical one-teacher school building and dates back to 1925. Scotsdale was settled as part of the Group Settlement Scheme, with the school being part of Group Settlements number 58 and 111. The school opened on 2 February 1925 and was intermittently operating until 1940, when it closed permanently. The building was moved to the current location after this.
Also heritage listed are the Scotsdale Hall, the Scotsdale Road Bridge, and the Harewood Forest.
Despite its name, the heritage listed Mount Lindesay School Group 101, another one-teacher school, is located in Scotsdale and not neighbouring Mount Lindesay. It operated intermittently from 1926 to 1943, initially as the Group 101 School, until renamed to Mount Lindesay School in 1940.
Nature reserves
The following nature reserves are located within Scotsdale. Both are located within the Warren bioregion:
Scotsdale Road Nature Reserve was gazetted on 2 November 1951 and has a size of .
Redmond Road Nature Reserve was gazetted on 25 August 1972 and has a size of .
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78550851
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ajijan%20Bai
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Ajijan Bai
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Ajijan Bai (born Ajijan Begum, 22 January 182420 September 1857) was a female Indian freedom fighter. She played a role in the Indian freedom struggle during the 1857 revolt.
Early life
Ajijan Bai was born on 22 January 1824, in Rajgarh, located in the Malwa region of Madhya Pradesh. Her father, Shamsher Singh, was a landlord in the area.
Role in the revolution of 1857
In 1857. She formed a group called "Mastani Toli," comprising around 400 women. These women performed mujra (traditional dance) at night to gather intelligence about British strategies, which they passed on to revolutionaries during the day.
On 1 June 1857, when Nana Sahib, Tatya Tope, Azimullah Khan, Bala Saheb, Subedar Tika Singh, and Shamsuddin Khan were planning the revolt in Kanpur, Ajijan Bai was present at the meeting. One day, Tatya Tope invited her to Bithoor for a dance performance. When he offered her money as a reward, she declined and instead requested a uniform of the revolutionary army. Tatya Tope then assigned her the task of gathering intelligence about the British.
During Holi, revolutionaries launched an attack on British soldiers from Ajijan's residence, killing many of them. After the defeat at the Battle of Bithoor, Nana Sahib and Tatya Tope fled, but Ajijan Bai was captured. General Havelock reportedly offered her clemency if she confessed her "mistakes" and revealed Tatya Tope's whereabouts. However, she refused and was executed that night by being tied to a cannon and blown apart.
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78551091
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Palace%20of%20the%20Heads
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Palace of the Heads
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The Palace of the Heads (; ) is a historical neoclassical building in Szczecin, Poland, located at 1 Staromłyńska Street and 2 Polish Soldier Square, in the Old Town neighbourhood. It consists of two conjoined tenements, dating to the 18th century. Currently it houses the Museum of Contemporary Art, a division of the Szczecin National Museum, and the cultural centre of Dom Kultury 13 Muz.
History
The Palace of the Heads was originally developed at the end of the 18th century, as two tenements, which were conjoined together in 1889. Since then, until the end of the Second World War, it was used by the military administration, including being the headquaters of the garrison commander of the city fortifications.
It was damaged during the conflict, and restored in 1958. Prior to the conflict, its façade featured sculptures of heads of nine Greek mythological figures. During the reconstruction, sculptor Sławomir Lewiński replaced them with heads of local artists. By doing so, he wanted to emphasise young and developing Polish presence in the city. The building itself was donated to house cultural institutions.
In May 1948, the right wing of the building became headquarters of the cultural institution of Dom Kultury 13 Muz. In the 1970s, in its left wing was opened the Museum of Contemporary Art, a division of the Szczecin National Museum.
Characteristics
The Palace of the Heads consists of two conjoined building. It has a neoclassical façade, which includes nine sculptures by Sławomir Lewiński, depicting heads of people linked to the local culture institutions, and mounted above the windows. They are: Władysław Filipowiak, Zofia Krzymuska-Fafius, Stefan Kwilecki, Jan Papuga, Bohdan Skłodowski, Janina Kosińska-Brzozowska, Józef Barecki, Antoni Huebner, and Józef Gruda. Some of the rooms maintain original moulding decorations.
The left wing houses the Museum of Contemporary Art, a division of the Szczecin National Museum, while the right wing, the cultural centre of Dom Kultury 13 Muz.
Gallery
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78551861
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Naiyayika
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Naiyayika
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History
There is long history of the tradition of Naiyayikas in the Indian subcontinent. The history of the tradition of Naiyayikas span nearly three thousand years back from the present time. The history of Naiyayikas started from the time when the Nyaya Sutras was founded by the Vedic sage Akshapada Gautama in Mithila. The Vedic sage Akshapada Gautama is considered as the first Naiyayika in the tradition of Vedic learning. According to the second book known as Shabha Parva in the text Mahabharata, Devashree Narada is described as a logician. He was well versed in Logic.
During the period of 1st - 2nd century CE, the Vedic sage Vatsyayana was a prominent Naiyayika. Some scholars dated his period from 3rd century CE to 4th century CE. He wrote a commentary on the text Nyaya Sutras of Akshapada Gautama to answer the questions of Buddhists. The name of the commentary on Nyaya Sutras written by the Naiyayika Vatsyayana is known as Nyayabhashya. It is considered as the earliest commentary on the Nyaya Sutras of Akshapada Gautama.
| 2.265625
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78551861
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Naiyayika
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Naiyayika
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During the period 6th century CE to 7th century CE, Uddyotakara emerged as a prominent Naiyayika who wrote sub commentary on the Vatsyayana's commentary text Nyayabhashya. His sub commentary is known as Nyāya-vārtika. It is also called as Nyaya-bhāsya-varttika. The period of Uddyotakara variously estimated between 550 CE to 630 CE. In the 9th century CE, Vachaspati Mishra was an eminent Naiyayika in Mithila. He wrote a commentary on the Nyāya-vārtika of Uddyotakara. His commentary is known as Nyaya-varttika-tatparyatika. Similarly Jayanta Bhatta was another eminent Naiyayika during the period of the 9th - 10th century CE who wrote a commentary known as Nyayamanjari around 1000 CE. In the 10th century CE, Trilochan was also a brilliant Naiyayika who wrote a commentary named as Nyayamanjari. Even the name of the commentaries of the both Naiyayikas Jayanta Bhatta and Trilochan were same but the nature of the works were different. Bhasarvajna was another eminent Naiyayika from the Kashmir region of Indian subcontinent in the era of 10th century CE. He is known for his famous treatise Nyayasara. The treatise Nyayasara is one of the prominent texts in the Nyaya school of Indian philosophy. The literal meaning of the term Nyayasara is "The Essence of Logic". He also wrote a commentary known as Nyayabhushana on his own treatise Nyayasara.
| 1.914063
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78551861
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Naiyayika
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Naiyayika
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During the period of 10th - 11th century CE, Udayanacharya emerged as a prominent Naiyayika in Mithila who reconciled the views of the two independent schools of thought Nyaya and Vaisheshika of the Indian philosophy and led the foundation of the Navya Nyaya school of thought. He founded independent treatise known as Nyayakusumanjali to prove the existence of God using logic. He attempted to devise a rational theology to counter the attack on the existence of God at the hands of Buddhist philosophers such as Dharmakīrti, Jñānaśrī and against the Chārvaka school of materialism. Apart from the text Nyayakusumanjali, he also wrote Nyāyavārttikatātparyapariśuddhi, Nyāyapariśiṣṭa, Probodhasiddhi (Bodhasiddhi), Ātmatattvaviveka, Kiraṇāvalī and Lakṣaṇāvalī.
On the basis of time period and the later development of Nyaya Shastra, the Naiyayikas are classified into two types. They are ancient Naiyayika also known as classical Naiyayika and Navya Naiyayika. The Navya Naiyayika are also called as Neo Naiyayika or New Naiyayika or Modern Naiyayika.
After the foundation of the text Nyayakusumanjali by the Naiyayika Udayanacharya, the tradition of Neo Naiyayikas started in the sub-continent. But the tradition of the Neo Naiyayikas formally got started after the foundation of the text Tattavachintamani by the Naiyayika Gangesha Upadhyaya of 12th - 13th century CE in Mithila.
During the period of 14th -15th century CE, the prominent Naiyayikas were Ayachi Mishra, Sankara Mishra, Pakshadhara Mishra, Vasudeva Sarvabhauma and Raghunatha Shiromani, etc.
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78552430
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/William%20Schauffler%20Dodd
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William Schauffler Dodd
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The Cesarea Dispensary and Hospital
Dodd’s primary goal was to establish a hospital in the Cesarea region to address the healthcare needs. His initial attempts to gain approval from the Turkish government to build a hospital were unsuccessful. Despite this, a local governor in Cesarea granted Dodd permission to build a house, which he essentially used as a medical dispensary starting in 1890 at Talas. With the help of $5,000 in fundraising from his father in law, Dodd was able to create the dispensary.
In 1900, Dodd established the Cesarea dispensary, which he later developed into a full hospital called the American Christian Hospital. The dispensary was staffed by fellow medical missionaries and Armenian pharmacists. Dodd continued to expand the facility and by 1908, the hospital contained waiting rooms, two examination rooms, and a drug store.
Under Dodd, the American Christian Hospital treated thousands of patients and performed numerous surgeries. In his final year of service, Dodd treated 7,803 patients with approximately three-quarters of them receiving care free of charge. The hospital provided shelter to 114 of the patients who underwent surgery. The total number of inpatient patient days was 7,175. On average, patients stayed in the hospital for 18.5 days.
After the hospital was created, World War I began. Dodd and the hospital played a key role in helping save Armenians from deportation and providing relief work to those affected by the war. Dodd and his wife continued their mission in Turkey until 1924, when they returned back to New Jersey.
| 2.75
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78552838
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Marcus%20Atilius%20%28poet%29
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Marcus Atilius (poet)
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Marcus Atilius, of the Atilia gens, was one of the early Roman poets, a comic playwright who lived around the 2nd century BCE.
He is classed among the comic poets of Rome by Roman literary critic Volcacius Sedigitus, who assigns him the fifth place among them in order of merit, after Caecilius, Plautus, Naevius, and . But as Atilius translated into Latin the Electra of Sophocles, it would appear that he wrote tragedies as well as comedies. The latter, however, may have been both superior to, and more numerous than, the former; and this would be a sufficient reason why Sedigitus classed him specifically among the comic poets. Some scholars, such as , have suggested that Atilius turned Electra into a comedy and that he wrote no tragedies at all, but others disagree with this conjecture and assume Atilius must have written both kinds of plays.
Among his other plays we have the titles of the following:
Μισόγονος
Bocolia
Ἄγροικος
Commorientes
According to another reading the last three are attributed to a different poet, Aquillius.
With the exception of a line quoted by Cicero, and a few words preserved in two passages of Varro, nothing of Atilius has come down to us. Cicero calls him poeta durissimus, and Licinius describes him as ferreus scriptor.
| 2.375
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78553125
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Radu%20Anghel
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Radu Anghel
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Shortly after, Radu, seeking revenge for his own destitution and the plight of his fellow villagers, decided that he should become an outlaw. He formed a criminal group, and was referred to by his contemporaries as a "commandant" or "captain". According to a peasant tradition, he refused such accolades: always dressing in regular peasant costume, which included opinci footwear, he told his listeners that "captains" never bonded with their troops, and only wore slippers. Radu took his gang of voinici aleși ("selected lads") to the forested areas of Dâmbovița, but also established a presence in neighboring Muscel and Argeș. An early peak of his marauding occurred right after the liberal revolution of 1848, during the conservative restoration effected by Prince Barbu Dimitrie Știrbei. Around 1851, Radu was raiding the Topolog valley, where he chanced upon the local tax farmer, Serdar Nicolae Carada. The two met each other at an inn, where Anghel was traveling incognito; though aware that Carada was carrying large sums of cash "in jam jars", he decided not to attack him. The inn was later raided by a Wallachian state militia, but soundly defeated by Anghel—upon which Știrbei decided that he preferred to ignore the hajduk.
| 2.40625
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78553146
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jahangir%20Preferring%20a%20Sufi%20Shaikh%20to%20Kings
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Jahangir Preferring a Sufi Shaikh to Kings
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The painting signifies Jahangir's reverence towards the saint, spurning the great monarchs vying for his audience. Even his love for art fails to distract him from the spiritual, as even the artist Bichitr in the bottom-left fails to get his attention. Its dating coincides with the period when he shifted the capital to the holy city of Ajmer from 1613 to 1616.
A Venetian-styled carpet constitutes the lower half of the background, while the upper half is sky blue. Four putti are seen in the picture. Two of them are at the bottom of the hourglass, gathering the sand which has fallen into the bottom half, while two are flying in the background.
Two Persian couplets are inscribed above and below the painting, reading, "By the grace of God is he truly a king both in form and spirit: the Shah Nur-ud Din Jahangir, son of Padshah Akbar; To all appearances, even as kings and potentates stand in attendance upon him, his gaze falls, inwardly, ever upon holy dervishes." These couplets, along with the border, are later additions.
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78553448
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Harari%20Qurans
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Harari Qurans
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Harari Qurans have been produced in the Harari region of Ethiopia since the 18th century; its central city of Harar has a strong tradition of scribal practice, drawing on both local and international artistic culture to create a unique Quranic style.
Harari Qurans are the product of cross-cultural interactions in a deeply religious city. The manuscripts created by Harari scribes in the 18th and 19th centuries contain stylistic references to Qurans from pre-Mughal India and Mamluk Egypt, including elements of the Indian Bihari script and a distinctive zigzagging marginal glosses, while much of their ornamentation shares commonalities with that of earlier Mamluk Qurans. They are often written in Arabic, or in Arabic-derived Ajami script, on Italian paper.
Harar at the crossroads
Harar is located at the intersection of several major trade routes, connected to Asia via the Indian Ocean and silk roads, to routes across North Africa, and to the Middle East and Europe. Thanks to its position at this crossroads, the city became an early hub of Islam in East Africa. Harar is also a holy site for many pilgrims, as it is home to dozens of shrines to saints. This, combined with a strong culture of literature and manuscript production, has historically made Harar an important cultural, economic, and religious center.
Though its manuscript production began to die out in the 19th century, Harar is still known for the sheer number of manuscripts—particularly Qurans—it holds in museums, mosques, and private collections. These Qurans can be found in collections and exhibitions around the world.
| 2.703125
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78553925
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Naomi%20Chanda
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Naomi Chanda
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Chanda has trained over 150 women and girls in adapting agricultural practices to climate change. She also conducts community outreach programs, teaching farming techniques to local smallholder farmers and schoolchildren. These efforts aim to build resilience against environmental challenges such as prolonged droughts and erratic rainfall.
Her leadership roles within the Camfed Association include serving as the district chairperson in 2019 and later as the national chairperson for Zambia in 2022. These positions involved advocating for educational re-entry policies for girls and supporting community initiatives. In 2024, Chanda was featured on the BBC’s 100 Women list.
Personal life
Chanda supports vulnerable girls by covering their school fees and providing uniforms and other essentials. She operates a small home furnishing business, using the profits to assist disadvantaged children in her community. Chanda converted her family home into a shelter for girls, providing a safe space for those at risk of early marriage and supporting their educational pursuits.
| 2.25
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78554048
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ruggiero%20de%20Ruggieri
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Ruggiero de Ruggieri
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Ruggiero de Ruggieri (before 1540, Bologna - 1596/1597, Fontainebleu) was an Italian-born painter associated with the Bolognese school.
Biography
Around 1540, he left Bologna to go to France. The first authenticated reference to him working with Francesco Primaticcio was in 1551; in the King's office and the guard room at the Palace of Fontainebleau. Sometime during 1550–560, he was employed to create decorations for the Château d'Ancy-le-Franc, in the Chamber of Arts and the "Galerie de Pharsale". He is known to have been in Avon on several occasions after 1557. Two years later, he became a permanent resident of Fontainebleau. He also worked in Saint-Germain-en-Laye in 1562.
In 1569, he made copies of several paintings by Primaticcio, from Fontainebleau's , for the chateau of Nicolas de Neufville de Villeroy. They have since become dispersed. He is also credited with the models for a tapestry of arabesque gods, commissioned for King Henri II. They have been preserved at the Mobilier National and the Musée des Tissus in Lyon.
Following Primaticcio's death in 1570, Ruggieri took over his functions as "Guard and Governor of the Great Garden of Fontainebleau" while became "Superintendent of Paintings". That same year, he married Marie Mulard, the daughter of Gilles Mulard, Procurator at the Parliament.
From 1580 to 1581, he worked at the Hôtel de Soissons for Catherine de Médicis, together with Jacques Patin. When Abbati died, c.1582, he was named to fill his position, thus taking over all of Primaticcio's former responsibilities at Fontainebleau. In the 1590s, together with Toussaint Dubreuil, his son-in-law, he created a decorative tableau at the "Pavillon des Poêles", based on the theme of Hercules, which disappeared in 1703.
| 1.976563
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78554064
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/History%20of%20the%20LED
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History of the LED
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In 2001 and 2002, processes for growing gallium nitride (GaN) LEDs on silicon were successfully demonstrated. In January 2012, Osram demonstrated high-power InGaN LEDs grown on silicon substrates commercially, and GaN-on-silicon LEDs are in production at Plessey Semiconductors. As of 2017, some manufacturers are using SiC as the substrate for LED production, but sapphire is more common, as it has the most similar properties to that of gallium nitride, reducing the need for patterning the sapphire wafer (patterned wafers are known as epi wafers). Samsung, the University of Cambridge, and Toshiba are performing research into GaN on Si LEDs.
Toshiba has stopped research, possibly due to low yields. Some opt for epitaxy, which is difficult on silicon, while others, like the University of Cambridge, choose a multi-layer structure, in order to reduce (crystal) lattice mismatch and different thermal expansion ratios, to avoid cracking of the LED chip at high temperatures (e.g. during manufacturing), reduce heat generation and increase luminous efficiency. Sapphire substrate patterning can be carried out with nanoimprint lithography.
GaN-on-Si is difficult but desirable since it takes advantage of existing semiconductor manufacturing infrastructure. It allows for the wafer-level packaging of LED dies resulting in extremely small LED packages.
GaN is often deposited using metalorganic vapour-phase epitaxy (MOCVD), and it also uses lift-off.
| 2.125
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78554064
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/History%20of%20the%20LED
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History of the LED
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White LEDs and the illumination breakthrough
Even though white light can be created using individual red, green and blue LEDs, this results in poor color rendering, since only three narrow bands of wavelengths of light are being emitted. The attainment of high efficiency blue LEDs was quickly followed by the development of the first white LED. In this device a :Ce (known as "YAG" or Ce:YAG phosphor) cerium-doped phosphor coating produces yellow light through fluorescence. The combination of that yellow with remaining blue light appears white to the eye. Using different phosphors produces green and red light through fluorescence. The resulting mixture of red, green and blue is perceived as white light, with improved color rendering compared to wavelengths from the blue LED/YAG phosphor combination.
The first white LEDs were expensive and inefficient. The light output then increased exponentially. The latest research and development has been propagated by Japanese manufacturers such as Panasonic and Nichia, and by Korean and Chinese manufacturers such as Samsung, Solstice, Kingsun, Hoyol and others. This trend in increased output has been called Haitz's law after Roland Haitz.
Light output and efficiency of blue and near-ultraviolet LEDs rose and the cost of reliable devices fell. This led to relatively high-power white-light LEDs for illumination, which are replacing incandescent and fluorescent lighting.
Experimental white LEDs were demonstrated in 2014 to produce 303 lumens per watt of electricity (lm/W); some can last up to 100,000 hours. Commercially available LEDs have an efficiency of up to 223 lm/W as of 2018. A previous record of 135 lm/W was achieved by Nichia in 2010. Compared to incandescent bulbs, this is a huge increase in electrical efficiency, and even though LEDs are more expensive to purchase, overall lifetime cost is significantly cheaper than that of incandescent bulbs.
| 2.546875
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78554367
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jadwiga%20Harasowska
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Jadwiga Harasowska
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Jadwiga Harasowska was one of the promoters of the establishment of Polish higher education during the war in Scotland, where, from February 1941 (until March 1949), the Polish School of Medicine operated as part of the University of Edinburgh (227 medical diplomas were awarded), along with Polish faculties of veterinary medicine, law, and education. Glasgow was a center for Polish agricultural, commercial, and polytechnic education. The Scottish-Polish Society organized Scottish-Polish clubs, lectures on Polish history and culture, and regular visits of Polish soldiers to Scottish homes.
From January 1941 to April 1942, Jadwiga Harasowska published the bilingual weekly Ogniwo Przyjaźni – The Clasp of Friendship, and later, until 10 October 1947, the biweekly Voice of Poland. Ogniwo Przyjaźni – The Clasp of Friendship was sent to Polish forces stationed in the Middle East. In 1941, she published Halka by Stanisław Moniuszko in Glasgow, with a foreword by her. This opera was performed by the University College London in 1961. On the 95th anniversary of Frédéric Chopin's recital in Glasgow (27 September 1848), she organized a concert featuring pianists Jerzy Sulikowski and Adam Harasowski on the same day (27 September 1943), at the same time, and in the same hall.
| 2.5
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78554384
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pycnoscelus%20striatus
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Pycnoscelus striatus
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Pycnoscelus striatus is a species of burrowing cockroach. It is closely related to the common plant pest Pycnoscelus surinamensis which has spread to tropical and subtropical regions across the world.
Description
Adult females are around in length, and have dark brown to black bodies with shiny paler brown wings which are variable in length. Males are around , i.e. often less than half the size of females, with comparatively longer wings completely covering the abdomen.
In the original description by Kirby (1903, p.378), he noted the prosoma had a "front transversely striated", hence the species epithet (from the Latin striatus for its striated (i.e. lined) appearance, but which also can imply grooved or furrowed).
Range
Pycnoscelus striatus originated in the Indomalayan region and is endemic to at least Indonesia (Sumatra, Kalimantan), Malaysia (Peninsular Malaysia), and the Philippines
Habitat
Pycnoscelus striatus is a burrowing cockroach, commonly digging in loose debris such as guano in caves, where they can reach a high density.
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78554639
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Shi%20Bing
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Shi Bing
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In 304, living under Shi Bing's occupation, the Jin officials, Zhou Qi and Wang Ju (王矩), raised their armies against him. They proclaimed the Prefect of Wuxing, Gu Mi (顧秘) to lead them as Chief Controller of Nine Commanderies in Yang province, and were joined by members of the Jiangnan gentry clans such as He Xun, Hua Tan, Gan Zhuo and Ge Hong. Shi Bing sent his subordinate, Qiang Du (羌毒), to attack them, but he was routed. Shi Bing decided to move from Linhuai to launch a surprise attack on Shochun, which was occupied by the Jin general, Liu Zhun (劉準). Liu Zhun was frightened when he heard that Shi Bing was coming, but the Logistical Director of Guangling, Chen Min offered himself to defeat the rebels.
Shi Bing fought dozens of battles against Chen Min, but despite outnumbering him ten to one, he was defeated in each bout. Both Zhou Qi and Chen Min's forces converged onto Shi Bing at the city of Jianye. After months of siege, Shi Bing fled north to join Feng Yun in Xu province. However, when Chen Min attacked them, a subordinate of Feng Yun, Zhang Tong (張統) assassinated the two men and surrendered to Jin, thus bringing Zhang Chang's rebellion to an end.
| 1.921875
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78554775
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Andrena%20androfovea
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Andrena androfovea
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Andrena androfovea is a species of miner bee in the family Andrenidae from Texas and Oklahoma, characterized by its metallic dark blue to blue-green and distinctive coarse punctation. First observed in the late 1980s, it was formally described as a new species in 2024. Genetic analyses revealed that Andrena androfovea represents a distinct lineage within the genus Andrena, leading to the creation of a new subgenus. Unique among Andrena species, Andrena androfovea primarily feeds on flowers of the family Solanaceae.
Taxonomy and phylogenetics
Andrena androfovea is a member of the hyperdiverse genus Andrena, which contains approximately 1700 described species. The specific epithet "androfovea" is a combination of the words "Andrena" and "fovea", in reference to the punctation present on the male bee's head, a rare trait in North American members of the genus. Phylogenetic analyses reveal that Andrena androfovea represents a distinct lineage of Andrena that diverged from its closest known relatives around 12.6 million years ago. Therefore, the subgenus Foveoandrena was created to accommodate the genetic and morphological distinctiveness of the species.
Description
Andrena androfovea primarily displays a metallic dark blue to metallic blue-green coloration. It can be separated from other similarly colored North American Andrena by the following characteristics in both sexes: the scutum and metasomal terga are coarsely punctate and the forewing possesses three submarginal cells. Additionally, the males possess small but distinct foveae on the head, short mandibles, and a reduced pygidial plate. Females possess distinct brushes of hair on the sternum. The average body length is 7.1 mm.
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77199879
|
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Royal%20Military%20and%20Mathematics%20Academy%20of%20Brussels
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Royal Military and Mathematics Academy of Brussels
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The Royal Military and Mathematics Academy of Barcelona
In the late 17th century, plans were made to move the Royal and Military Academy of Mathematics from Madrid to Barcelona. Sebastián Fernández de Medrano was appointed as the general director of the academy.
After deciding to establish the Royal and Military Academy of Mathematics of Barcelona, the council of war sought guidance from Don Sebastián Fernández de Medrano on how he had structured his academy in Brussels, intending to replicate it in Barcelona. Unfortunately, Medrano died in 1705. Before his death, he had developed an outline for the future Academy of Mathematics in Barcelona, which he submitted to the king. Consequently, the establishment of the Royal Military Academy of Mathematics in Barcelona was established following Medrano's model and authorized by a Royal Decree from King Charles II on January 22, 1700.
On 12 August 1701, the implementation of Medrano's guidelines was officially ordered for the Barcelona Academy. Medrano's academic outline was published in a document titled "Formula with which the Sergeant General of Battle, D. Sebastián Fernández de Medrano, established by order of His Majesty the new and Royal Military Academy of which he is the Director". This occurred on 22 January 1700, the same day His Majesty issued a decree to establish the Military Academy in Barcelona and instructed that notices be posted in the War Secretariat to recruit teachers.
| 2.34375
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77200401
|
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Winnifred%20Wygal
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Winnifred Wygal
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Winnifred Crane Wygal (August 25, 1884 – July 8, 1972) was an American theologian, writer, and YWCA national staff member from 1919 to 1944.
Early life and education
Wygal was born in Springfield, Missouri, the daughter of Frank Wygal and Katie A. Bigelow Wygal. Her father was a wagon maker. She graduated from Drury College in 1906, and pursued further studies at Columbia University and the University of Chicago Divinity School; she completed a master's degree in history and economics in 1912. She studied with Reinhold Niebuhr and Paul Tillich at Union Theological Seminary.
Career
Wygal was a founding member of the Fellowship of Socialist Christians, along with her YWCA colleague Rose Terlin. She worked for the YWCA from 1911 to 1944, and was a member of the YWCA's national professional staff from 1918, when she joined the War Work Council. She was national executive of the YWCA's Student Council from 1922 to 1935. In 1935 she joined the Laboratory Division, and co-chaired the Fletcher Farm Seminar on Religion with Gregory Vlastos. From 1939 to 1944, she was Secretary for Religious Resources in the Division of Community YWCAs. She toured as a lecturer and community organizer in her retirement, and chaired the editorial board of The Intercollegian, the national magazine of the YWCA's Student Council.
Wygal traveled across the United States and internationally in her work. She met Gandhi and Rabindranath Tagore in India, and was a delegate to the World Student Federation Conference in Mysore, during a year of sabbatical travels in 1927 and 1928. In 1928 she was in the Middle East, and in 1937 she went to England to attend a World Council of Churches conference at Oxford. "You intoxicate yourselves when you keep saying how busy you are," she told an audience of Canadian clubwomen in 1949.
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77200431
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Alexandra%20Children%27s%20Library
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Alexandra Children's Library
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The Alexandra Children's Library in Johannesburg, South Africa, began initially in a shipping container. However, this community resource has been transformed into the Alexandra Multi-Purpose Community Centre. The library is located in the heart of Alexandra, a township in the eastern part of Johannesburg. It serves the children and youth of Johannesburg Region E.
Facilities and services
The Alexandra Children's Library offers a range of facilities and services tailored to meet the needs of young readers. These include:
An extensive book collection: A wide variety of books catering to children of all ages, from picture books for toddlers to novels for young adults
Reading programs: Regular story time sessions and reading clubs to engage children and encourage regular reading habits
Educational resources: Access to staff that assist with homework or school projects
Community events: Hosting of community events, workshops, and educational programs aimed at developing literacy and life skills
Partnerships and support
The library works in partnership with local schools, non-profit organizations, and government entities to maximize its impact. These collaborations help in sourcing books, funding programs, and organizing events that benefit the local youth.
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77200704
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Melanohalea%20exasperatula
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Melanohalea exasperatula
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Melanohalea exasperatula shows a significant ability for dispersal and is commonly found in nutrient-rich habitats, including urban areas and places with anthropogenic disturbances. The lichen's intercontinental distribution suggests effective long-distance dispersal capabilities. This species, along with M. elegantula, shows potential for broad geographic spread, which is notable as it contrasts with other Melanohalea lineages that have more restricted distributions.
Crittendenia coppinsii is a lichenicolous (lichen-dwelling) fungus that has been recorded on several collections of Melanohalea exasperatula in Europe. Evidence suggests that the fungus goes through an asexual yeast phase in its life cycle, because DNA sequences of the fungus have been found on completely asymptomatic specimens of M. exasperatula. Another lichenicolous fungus, Stagonospora exasperatulae, exclusively parasitizes M. exasperatula.
Melanohalea exasperatula lacks secondary metabolites, making it highly susceptible to grazing by gastropods. In both laboratory and field experiments, gastropods showed a strong preference for this species over others that produce chemical deterrents. This preference suggests that the absence of chemical defenses in M. exasperatula influences its distribution and abundance, leading to heavier grazing in natural habitats. Demonstrating the impact of herbivory on lichen community dynamics and ecological niches, M. exasperatula is as a consequence often found in more sun-exposed areas with lower gastropod activity.
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77200863
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Highland%20Border%20Ophiolite
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Highland Border Ophiolite
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The Highland Border Ophiolite (HBO) is a set of rocks that are ophiolitic in character found within the Highland Border Complex. They are exposed in a series of fault-bounded outcrops along the line of the Highland Boundary Fault that forms the southeastern boundary to the Grampian Highlands in Scotland. They represent fragments of a piece of oceanic crust or exhumed mantle that has been obducted onto continental crust. These rocks provide an important constraint on models of how the current geometry arose during the Caledonian Orogeny.
Lithology
The main lithologies found within the HBO are serpentinite, often in the form of ophicarbonate, with associated sedimentary rocks, including sandstone, limestone, chert and black mudstone (now black slate). The serpentinite is interpreted to be derived from exhumed mantle peridotites, altered to serpentinite at the seafloor. This is consistent with the presence of ophicarbonates that are associated with serpentinization in such an environment.
Interpretation
The parts of the Highland Border Complex that are not ophiolitic have been assigned to the Trossachs Group, interpreted to be the youngest part of the Dalradian Supergroup, although this interpretation has been questioned. The Trossachs Group as interpreted ranges in age from Lower Cambrian to Lower Ordovician, based on trilobite fossils found in the Leny Limestone and conodont fossils found in the Margie Limestone. There is evidence that the HBO was thrust on top of the Trossachs Group before the first phase of the Caledonian Orogeny (the Grampian phase) affected either of these units later in the Ordovician. In this model, the HBO represents pieces of exhumed mantle from the non-volcanic margin of Laurentia, transported onto the Dalradian Supergroup with its sedimentary cover.
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77201515
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Susan%20Sallis
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Susan Sallis
|
Several of her books for children and teenagers are about children with disabilities. Sweet Frannie (1981), about a sixteen-year-old who uses a wheelchair and is dying, was described in a review in the Coventry Evening Telegraph as "a tearjerker with guts". It won an American Library Award, and was a finalist for the Young Observer Award. A review in the English Journal in 1981 said "This book is one of the best of its kind". The critic Lois Keith notes that it "was very well received when it was published and for at least the next ten years it was presented as a new, positive way of describing the lives of young disabled people in fiction", but that the positive portrayal of Frannie is undermined by the disgust she feels about her own body and other disabled people. An Open Mind, also about disability, was said at the time to have "Melodramatic dialogue and situations".
Sallis often used Gloucestershire, Cornwall and the West Country as locations for her novels. Her Rising Family Quartet was based on stories of her mother's family.
She said of her writing, "It’s become a kind of life role which I wouldn’t know how to replace. Writing earns me my place on earth, if you like".
Some of her papers are held at the University of Southern Mississippi, in the de Grummond Children's Literature Collection.
Personal life
Sallis married Brian, and they moved to Birmingham because of his job; like her father, he worked on the railways. They moved to Clevedon in Somerset in the early 1960s, and remained living there; they had three children. Sallis died in 2020.
Selected works
The Rising Family Quartet
A Scattering of Daisies (1984)
The Daffodils of Newent (1985)
Bluebell Windows (1987)
Rosemary for Remembrance (1987)
Books for children and teenagers
An Open Mind (1978)
Sweet Frannie (1981), originally published in 1978 as Only Love
Other novels
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77201730
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mesannie%20Wilkins
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Mesannie Wilkins
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Journey across America
After the passing of Uncle Waldo in September 1954, Wilkins raised $32 by selling homemade pickles and mortgaging her home enough to buy supplies and a horse. Her mother had always wished to visit California; so in her memory, Wilkins decided to journey there and "take a dip in it." Before setting out, Wilkins flipped a coin and asked God if she should make the journey. When the coin came up heads several times in a row, she began her travels. At the age of 63, Wilkins left her home in Minot on November 8, 1954 with two horses, one named Tarzan, a former race horse purchased at a nearby summer camp, the other named Rex, and her dog, Depeche Toi, which means "Hurry Up", or "Toby" for short. She left in November with the idea that the weather would warm as they headed further south. However, New England and states south of Maine still proved to be experiencing winter for several months thereafter.
According to columnist Linda Caroll, Wilkins did not "act like a lady" in "polite society". "She didn’t act like women were supposed to," writes Caroll. "[She] didn’t dress like a lady. Too loud. Too brash. Divorced twice, too." Biographer Elizabeth Letts claims that Wilkins was only married once, "at least". Staff writer, Lindsay Tice writes, "[She was] a woman who liked to wear pants and speak her mind, she wasn’t well regarded by local folks at the time. Some breathed a sigh of relief when she left." Hester Gilpatrick, a neighbor, recalls Wilkins in a news interview for WCVB-TV: "I remember seeing her have temper tantrums, I don't know how many times. [When she left] I said, Good Riddance!"
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77202031
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nina%20Korgan
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Nina Korgan
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By 1943, Korgan was being called “the Walter Johnson of girl softball” in sports pages across the country. She was offered a contract, along with her teammates in New Orleans, to play in the All-American Girls Professional Baseball League for salaries ranging from $65 to more than $100 per week, but all fifteen teammates turned the League down; the Brewery Maids were the best team in women’s softball, and none of them wanted to break it up. Nonetheless, they endured a tough 1944 season. Unable to find suitable challengers for much of the summer, they played mostly men’s military base teams, finishing the regular season with a record of 30-5 against men’s teams and 14-3 against women’s teams behind Korgan’s pitching. In the 1944 national tournament, the Jax Brewery Maids were eliminated early and finished thirteenth, breaking their two-year run of championships.
Korgan and her team came back in 1945, beating the Crofton Athletic Club of Toronto to win the national title again. Korgan went 3-0 for the tournament, with one save, three shutouts including one no-hitter, with 28 strikeouts in 22 innings. In the 1946 tournament, the Brewery Maids beat the Chicago Matchettes, with Korgan again pitching three shutouts and no losses, allowing only three hits and pitching a no-hitter in the final. The Brewery Maids repeated in 1947 for their third straight title as Korgan went 3-0, pitching two shutouts and winning the final game against the Phoenix Ramblers, 6-4.
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77202031
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nina%20Korgan
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Nina Korgan
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From 1945 to 1947, the Jax Brewery Maids compiled a record of 143-20, with 11 of the losses coming at the hands of men’s teams. From 1941 through 1947, Korgan pitched and won the Amateur Softball Association women’s final championship game in six out of seven years. In national tournaments, she accumulated a record of 21-0 with 18 shutouts, and five no-hitters, including one perfect game. She had two championship tournament shutout streaks—one with seven in a row from 1941 to 1942, and the second with eight in a row from 1945 through 1947. She pitched 168 innings during those championships, striking out 254 batters and giving up only six runs on 35 hits.
In 1948, Korgan left more of the pitching duties to her teammate, Lottie Jackson, but won three games in the National Softball Congress women’s championship tournament, including one shutout, as Jax Brewery won its fourth straight title. Korgan played centerfield when she was not pitching, to keep her bat in the lineup. She played a partial season in 1949 before retiring from active play at age 33 to manage the D.H. Holmes Girls softball team in New Orleans from 1949 to 1951. In 1954, Korgan came out of retirement to pitch for the New Orleans Jurisch Transfers and was named most valuable player of the southwestern regional tournament. The following year she won the southwestern regional most valuable player award again and led the Transfers to ninth place in the Amateur Softball Association national tournament, pitching 25 strikeouts in 18 innings.
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77202072
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List%20of%20Guyanese%20artists
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List of Guyanese artists
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The following list of Guyanese artists (in alphabetical order by last name) includes artists of various genres, who are notable and are either born in Guyana, of Guyanese descent or who produce works that are primarily about Guyana.
A
Kwesi Abbensetts, Guyanese-born American photographer
Damali Abrams, American-born video artist and performance artist, of Guyanese descent
B
George Barber (born 1958), British Guyanese video artist
Frank Bowling (born 1939), British Guyanese painter, based in the United Kingdom
C
Theresa Chromati (born 1992) American-born painter, of Guyanese descent
D
Victor Davson (born 1948), Guyanese-born American collagist, curator, and gallerist
G
Ann Gollifer (born 1960) British Guyanese painter, printmaker, writer and photographer, based in Gaborone, Botswana
Stanley Greaves (born 1934), painter
H
Maggie Harris, poet, writer, and visual artist, based in the United Kingdom
Oswald Hussein (born 1946), Guyanese sculptor of wood, of Lokono descent
L
Donald Locke (1930–2010), drafter, painter, sculptor
Hew Locke (born 1959), Scottish-born sculptor, raised in Guyana and based in London
Leila Locke (1936–1992), English-born Guyanese painter
M
Suchitra Mattai (born 1973), Guyanese-born American multidisciplinary contemporary artist
Philip Moore (1921–2012), sculptor and painter
P
Bernadette Persaud (born 1946), painter
Ingrid Pollard (born 1953) British Guyanese photographer
Lenny Prince (born 1965), Guyanese-born American sculptor and large scale installation artist
R
Doris Rogers (1929–2016), Guyanese academic who specialized in fine arts
S
George Simon (1947–2020), Guyanese Lokono/Arawak visual artist and archaeologist
W
Aubrey Williams (1926–1990), painter
Denis Williams (1923–1998), painter, writer, and archaeologist
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77202128
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Marie%20du%20Saar
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Marie du Saar
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Marie Hammer-du Saar (1860–1955) was an independent Dutch ophthalmologist, the third woman to qualify as a physician in the Netherlands, and the first female medical consultant in the country.
Biography
Du Saar was 16 years old when she first expressed an interest in becoming a physician. A scholarship from the Mennonite Church allowed her to pursue her ambition despite skepticism on the part of the fund's managers doubting that a female physician could attract patients. In 1881, with her scholarship in hand, du Saar enrolled at the Athenaeum Illustre of Amsterdam (now part of the University of Amsterdam). She and Geertruida Wijthoff, who registered as a student in mathematics at the same time, were two of the first women to study there, preceded only by the physician Aletta Jacobs. In 1888, du Saar passed her medical examinations becoming only the third woman to earn her M.D., after Aletta Jacobs and Catharine van Tussenbroek. Du Saar earned her PhD with honors from the University In 1890 on a subject related to pediatrics.
She organized a study trip abroad from February to June 1891 to visit physicians and an optics factory. In Jena, Germany, she visited the Carl Zeiss factory and studied microscopic lenses. In Prague, Vienna and Zurich, she met with Karl Hering, Siegmund Mayer, Ernst Fuchs, and Otto Haab. In Paris, she visited Louis de Wecker. During the two months she remained in Paris, she met the violinist and conductor Heinrich Hammer and married him in September 1892. They went on to have two children.
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77202191
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lake%20Te%20Wapu
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Lake Te Wapu
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Lake Te Wapu () is a shallow coastal dune lake in northeastern Chatham Island, New Zealand, adjacent to the Pacific coast and the village of Kaingaroa. Scrub and ranching land surround much of the lake. Leachate from a nearby rubbish dump has significantly raised the lake's nitrogen levels, leading to harmful algal blooms and poor water quality classified as supertrophic. The lake's proximity to the ocean allows significant amounts of seawater to intermittently flow into the lake, leading to brackish conditions. Large populations of inanga reside in the lake, alongside eels and New Zealand smelt. Several species of emergent plants grow along its shores.
Description
Lake Te Wapu is a coastal dune lake in northeastern Chatham Island, near the village of Kaingaroa. It has an area of and a maximum depth of . A single stream flows into the lake. Scrub and ranching land surrounds the lake. Thomas Ritchie, an early European settler of Chatham Island, leased a large ranching property adjacent to the lake in the mid-1860s. He built his residence, dubbed Lake House, along the shore of Te Wapu in 1867.
Due to its direct adjacency to the Pacific Ocean, a significant amount of saltwater flows into Te Wapu intermittently, leading to its estimated 10% seawater by volume. Nearby Lake Pateriki also undergoes this process, although to a much greater extent. Like most other lakes on Chatham, Te Wapu is weakly alkaline. It has sandy sediment and a peat-stained water colour. The lake exhibits high levels of eutrophication (nutrient enrichment); a 2007 study classified the lake as one of four supertrophic lakes on Chatham. This nutrient enrichment has led to harmful algal blooms and a variable but generally poor water quality. Unlike most lakes on the island, it has a relative abundance of nitrogen relative to phosphorus, attributed to leachate from a nearby rubbish dump.
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77202443
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jos%C3%A9%20Mat%C3%ADas%20Moreno
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José Matías Moreno
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José Matías Moreno II (1819–1869) was secretary of state under Pío Pico, the last Mexican governor of California; a Mexican patriot; and a major landowner in the Guadalupe Valley, Baja California, Mexico.
Early life and education
José Matías Moreno II was one of eight children born in Baja California Sur to Dolores Ramírez Carillo and Joseph Mathew Brown, a British whaler who changed his name to José Matías Moreno, became a Mexican citizen, and converted to Catholicism. The latter died not long after his son José's birth in 1819. Dolores then married Tomás Altamirano, a San Antonio merchant, and settled in Old Town, San Diego.
Moreno did not immediately follow his mother and stepfather to San Diego but remained in Baja California Sur to study with Father Gabriel González, a Spanish-born Dominican priest. In 1842, he was involved in a rebellion that took place in La Paz, Baja California Sur, part of an effort organized by González in opposition to a decree that opened the ex-mission lands to colonization by private individuals.
Mexican–American War (1846–1848)
In the 1840s, Moreno made his living as a merchant in San Diego and Los Angeles. By 1846, he was employed as provisional secretary of state of Alta California under the authority of Governor Pío Pico. He was both a civil servant and a military officer with the title Capitan de los Defensores de la Independencia National.
Doña Felipa Osuna de Marrón, at that time living at Mission San Luis Rey, recalled a visit by Moreno at the start of the Mexican–American War. He had come to tell her that her cousin, Pío Pico, was in hiding at Santa Margarita. When armed men showed up to arrest Moreno, she hid him by ordering him into bed with a rag around his head so that he appeared to be sick. The Americans searched the house but did not recognize him and soon left.
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77202604
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/James%20Alison%20Glover
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James Alison Glover
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In 1920 Glover became medical officer to the then new Ministry of Health. There, he first worked under Sir George Seaton Buchanan. A committee on epidemics in schools, formed by the Medical Research Council, came as a result of Glover's 1928 paper on nasopharyngeal epidemics in public schools. In 1929, he was appointed deputy senior medical officer to Arthur MacNalty. Together, they investigated tuberculosis and epidemic diseases. In 1934 he was appointed to the Ministry of Education as senior medical officer. There, his work with MacNalty looked at nutrition in children, milk and meal provision in schools, and later medical provision for the evacuation of school children.
Glover's investigations of epidemics of rheumatic fever revealed that they occurred a few weeks after outbreaks of sore throats caused by Streptococcus pyogenes. He published three main reports relating to rheumatology. The first, in 1924, demonstrated the significance of rheumatic diseases as a cause of illness, the second focused on rheumatic fever and heart disease in children, and the third, in 1928, dealt with chronic arthritis.
Glover's study of the geographic variation in the number of tonsillectomies in school children in England and Wales was published in 1938. He noted that tonsillitis occurred more frequently in girls, yet boys underwent tonsillectomy more frequently. His paper revealed that the number of tonsil operations was not related to the number of cases of tonsil disease, and found no other explanation for the variation other than differences in indication for surgery and medical opinion. The paper is considered a "classic" and a "core component of health services research using epidemiology for understanding rates of intervention as opposed to disease".
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77202615
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Songhees%20dialect
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Songhees dialect
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The Songhees Nation is working to revitalize the language. Their program, (Bringing Lekwungen Back to Life), was founded in 2018. They host classes several days a week in which learners learn to pronounce traditional names, vocabulary and grammar, greetings, and cultural information. The program is partly funded by the BC Language Initiative.
Lekwungen was taught in pre-school for the first time in 2018. A survey in 2019 found that children were the most likely family members to speak Lekwungen at home.
In 2024, there was one elder who spoke Lekwungen as a first language and still knew some of the language. A "hybrid" Lekwungen dictionary was published by Timothy Montler that year which included 9,750 entries. 2,161 entries were documented by Lekwungen speakers while the other items were supplemented by Saanich. The dictionary is based on all of the available Lekwungen recordings as well as 34 recorded but unpublished Lekwungen narratives.
Orthography
Lekwungen is written with the lək̓ʷəŋiʔnəŋ Phonetic Alphabet (LPA). The LPA is a variation of the North American Phonetic Alphabet.
Grammar
The grammar of Lekwungen is essentially the same as other dialects of Northern Straits. Lekwungen is a split-ergative language.
Morphology
Lekwungen words can be a root by themselves, however, typically roots are combined with one or more prefixes, suffixes, infixes, or reduplicatives.
Lekwungen has only one preposition, , which marks oblique noun phrases. Ideas of location and direction are typically indicated with serial verbs.
Lekwungen verbs are always intransitive unless they carry a transitive suffix. There are several different transitivising suffixes which indicate control/noncontrol, causative, and applicative ideas. Transitive verbs can be made intransitive with the passive suffix . Lekwungen has two classes of auxiliary verbs: one links to the main verb with the particle , and the other with the particle .
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77202735
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lydian%20religion
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Lydian religion
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The Lydian calendar's month of Pakillλ (), which likely corresponded with the part of autumn when grapes were harvested, was named after Pakiš.
Although the Greek cognate of Pakiš, Bakkhos, was himself a Greek god already attested during the Mycenaean period, later Greek myth connected him to Lydia, likely due to the Greeks viewing this region as a famous site of wine production.
Therefore, Greek myth depicted Bakkhos as having grown up there, where he was raised by the Anatolian mother goddess Meter Hipta, that is the Hurrian goddess Hepat.
Kufaws
The goddess Kufaws () or Kuwaws (), from an earlier *Kufawus () and referred by the Greeks as (), was a prominent Lydian deity possessing an important temple in Sardis.
Kufaws was a young goddess of divine frenzy, being thus the feminine counterpart of Pakiš, due to which Greek sources therefore sometimes identified her with Artemis because Kufaws shared some features with her, although Kufaws was herself not identical with Artemis.
Kufaws was instead the daughter of the Lydian Mother Goddess Artimus, as is visible from her depiction side by side with Artimus in a daughter-mother pairing in a from Sardis, where the larger figure of Artimus holds a deer while the smaller figure of Kufaws holds a lion.
The prominence of Kufaws in the Lydian religion is also visible in how the Persians destroyed Greek temples as retaliation for the Greeks having burnt down her temple in Sardis during the Ionian Revolt.
An altar of Kufaws was present in the gold-refining district of Sardis, attesting of her role as the protector of the Lydian gold and silver industry.
Aegean origins
Similarly to the relation between the Lydian Artimus and the Greek Artemis, Kufaws was the Lydian reflex of an earlier goddess whose Phrygian variant was the Mother goddess Kubeleya.
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77202735
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lydian%20religion
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Lydian religion
|
While this god's name corresponds to that of the Luwian Šandas (), he might instead have been more similar to that of the ancient Greek hero Hēraklēs, whom Greek sources recorded was worshipped in Lydia.
The association of Sãntas with the goddess Kufaws and the Mariwdas (Dark Gods) finds parallels in Hieroglyphic Luwian inscriptions from Tabal, where the god Šandas was associated with the Marwainzi and the goddess Kubaba as deities who harmed evil-doers.
The name of the god Sãntas appeared as a theophoric element in personal names, such as in that of an advisor of the king Croesus who was named Sandanis ().
Mariwdas
Accompanying Sãntas were several lesser demon-like figures called the Mariwdas ().
The Mariwdas were the Lydian equivalent of the deities attested in Hieroglyphic Luwian inscriptions as the Dark Gods ().
Maλiš
Another Anatolian deity present in the Lydian pantheon was the goddess Maλiš (), who corresponded to the Anatolian goddess Maliya, attested in Hittite as () and Lycian as (), and the Greek goddess Athena.
Maλiš possessed a vegetative aspect, being a goddess of vegetation, especially of wine and corn.
According to Ancient Greek sources, the Lydian kings sponsored the cult of the goddess "Athena," that is of Maλiš.
The goddess Maλiš was referred to in the Greek fragmentary line from the island of Lesbos reading (), meaning .
Identification with Athena
A bilingual dedication on a column drum at a Pergamene temple of Athena also equated the Lydian goddess Maλiš with the Greek goddess Athena.
A Greek text of the myth of Arachne also called the goddess Athena by the name Malis, thus showing that the cult of Maλiš had passed into the Greek milieu.
Iconography
A small ivory statuette of a spinning woman wearing a Lydian headgear might have depicted Maλiš.
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Georg%20Kareski
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Georg Kareski
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Georg Kareski (21 October 1878 – 2 or 3 August 1947) was a German banker and Jewish Revisionist Zionist activist known for publicly defending the Nuremberg Laws in an interview published in the Nazi newspaper Der Angriff in 1935.
Kareski was born in Posen (Poznań), ruled by the German Empire on 21 October 1878.
In 1933, Revisionist Zionism in Germany was marginal; the Staatszionistische Organisation which was formed in 1933 was not a member either of the German Zionist umbrella organization or the international Revisionist Zionist movement. Kareski was one of the few German Jews who saw the Nazi revolution as an opportunity. In 1937, he traveled to Palestine where he was accosted by Jews who considered him a traitor, spy, and informer.
In 1935, Kareski was appointed director of the Reich Federation of Jewish Cultural Unions. On 23 December 1935, an interview with him was published in the Nazi newspaper Der Angriff. Although he did not comment on the denial of citizenship to German Jews, Kareski said that the Nuremberg Laws—which forbade marriage and sexual relationship between Jews and "people of German blood"—were necessary to preserve the integrity of the Jewish race. Although the content of the interview did not differ dramatically from the positions that other German Zionists had taken in attempted accommodation with the Nazi regime, Kareski's interview attracted more attention because of its publication in a Nazi newspaper and threats against Jews who differed from his views.
As a result of his roles in Germany, Zionist Germans repudiated him and severely criticized his actions, including a campaign by the Hitachduch Olej Germania (HOG), linked to the Zionistische Vereinigung für Deutschland that already expelled Kareski from their ranks in 1933. During his visit to Mandatory Palestine in 1937, before his evetual migration, the HOG published a series of accusation that included his collaboration and use of Nazi institutions to force himself on the leadership of Jewish organizations in Germany.
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77202855
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Alojzy%20Jarguz
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Alojzy Jarguz
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Alojzy Jarguz (born 19 March 1934 - 22 April 2019) was a Polish football referee.
Life and career
Jarguz played football before becoming a football referee. He refereed his first match in 1958.
Jarguz refereed at the 1978 FIFA World Cup. He became the first Polish referee to referee at a FIFA World Cup. He has been described as "considered the best referee in the history of Polish football by many experts, journalists and fans". He refereed in the Polish top flight, UEFA Cup Winners' Cup, UEFA Cup, European Cup, and FIFA U-20 World Cup. After that, he refereed in the Emirati football league. He retired from professional refereeing in 1984. After retiring from professional refereeing, he worked for the Polish Football Association.
Jarguz was born on 19 March 1934 in Poland. He died on 22 April 2019 in Poland. He was a native of Rogoźno, Poland. He was nicknamed "Alek". He played volleyball as a child. He served in the Polish military. He was promoted to the rank of corporal while serving in the Polish military. Jarguz had two children. He was married.
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77202963
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Abdulhadi%20as-Soudi%20Mosque
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Abdulhadi as-Soudi Mosque
|
The Abdulhadi as-Soudi Mosque () is a now-destroyed historic mosque located in the city of Taiz in southwestern Yemen. It is named for Abdul Hadi as-Soudi, a Muslim scholar and poet who is buried there along with some of his family. The mosque was destroyed in 2016 by Islamist militants who were reportedly from al-Qaeda.
History
The mosque was first constructed during the later years of the rule of the Tahirid Sultanate, and then renovated during the rule of the Ottoman Empire over Yemen. It not only functioned as a place for prayer, but also as a place for Sufi gatherings. The renowned poet and Muslim scholar Abdul Hadi as-Soudi was buried in a room within the mosque known as the Qubbat Abdulhadi as-Soudi.
Architecture
The mosque building was only a single story, with a courtyard and a place for the Sufis to conduct their meetings. A large white dome topped the structure; this dome was regarded as one of the largest mosque domes in Yemen before the destruction in 2016. A dome topped the room known as the Qubbat Abdulhadi as-Soudi which contained the mausoleum where the remains of the mosque's namesake and some other Sufi saints were entombed. A cemetery also exists behind the mosque, and it is still active since 2016.
Desecration
2015 vandalism
In September 2015, the Abdulhadi as-Soudi Mosque was vandalized and looted by Islamist militants. It was reported that they stole furniture, pottery, and some decorative elements from the mosque. Reportedly, the remains of the Sufi saints, including that of Abdulhadi as-Soudi, were exhumed from their graves.
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77203452
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Saint%20Augustine%27s%20Forane%20Church%2C%20Ramapuram
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Saint Augustine's Forane Church, Ramapuram
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Saint Augustine's Forane Church is a Syro-Malabar church complex located in Ramapuram of Kottayam district, Kerala, India. It is one of the most prominent churches in the Eparchy of Palai and is a notable shrine housing the tomb of Thevarparampil Kunjachan. There are currently three church buildings in the same compound of which the oldest one was built in 1450. A second church in the name of Blessed Mary was built in 1864. The two churches and a two-storey building in which the Paremmakkal Thoma Kathanar is said to have lived, is a protected monument of the Archeology Department of the Government of Kerala. A third church was built, to replace the old Augustine's church as the parish church, in 2019. It is one of the largest churches in Asia.
History
The old twin-church complex at Ramapuram had a smaller church dedicated to Saint Augustine and a larger church dedicated to the Blessed Virgin. Among these, the church dedicated to St. Augustine was built around 1450. Archbishop Alexis de Menezes, Archbishop of Goa, took the lead in rebuilding the first church (originally a smaller one named after St. Mary) in the name of St. Augustine, in 1599. The church dedicated to the Blessed Mary was built around 1864. In 1929 St. Augustine church was raised as a Forane Church.
Paremmakal Thomma Katanar, the governor of then Kodungallur, ruled the Syrian Christian community from here and his mortal remains are buried here. Likewise, blessed Thevarparampil Kunjachan's mortal remains are also preserved here.
Churches in the complex
The old twin-church complex had a smaller church dedicated to Saint Augustine and a larger church dedicated to the Blessed Mary. The two churches and a two-storey building in which the Paremmakkal Thoma Kathanar is said to have lived, is a protected monument of the Archeology Department of the Government of Kerala.
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77204566
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Juan%20Nepomuceno%20Burriel
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Juan Nepomuceno Burriel
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Juan N. Burriel (December 13, 1823December 24, 1877) was a Spanish army general who served in the Second Carlist War, Spanish-Moroccan War, and Ten Years' War.
Early life
Juan Nepomuceno Burriel y Linch was born in the Spanish province of Cádiz, in the town of Rota, on December 13, 1823. Antonio Burriel de Montemayor, his father, held the title of Knight in the Royal Orders of Saint Ferdinand and San Hermenegildo.
At the age of twelve, he entered the general military academy of Segovia. When Carlist general Zaratiegui conquered Segovia in 1837, Burriel was forced to relocate to Madrid. By 1840, he rose to the rank of lieutenant, later entering the General Staff School in 1843, where he was promoted and earned commendations.
Burriel participated in various military campaigns, including the pursuit of Carlist forces during the Second Carlist War. He was awarded the 1st Class San Fernando Cross.
He was assigned to the Captaincy General of Aragon in 1852.
In 1859, he participated in the Hispano-Moroccan War in which he served as captain of the General Staff of the First Army Corps under Rafaél de Echagüe y Bermingham. In the same year, he was elevated to the position of commander of the unit.
Burriel traveled to Mindanao and Jolo by order of Captain General Rafael Echagüe, acting as the Chief of Staff of the Philippine Army from November 5, 1862, to January 22, 1863.
Serving in the General Staff Corps, he intervened in the 1866 Carlist insurrection in Madrid and was seriously wounded while trying to suppress the uprising. He was promoted to brigadier shortly before moving to his next assignment. Burriel was appointed as the military governor of the Province of Toledo and the director of the Toledo Infantry Academy, positions he held until 1868.
Cuba
In 1869, he was assigned to Cuba amid the Ten Years' War and appointed military commander of the Matanzas district.
From 1873 to 1874, he assumed the governorship of Santiago de Cuba Province under Governor General Joaquín Jovellar y Soler.
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77204566
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Juan%20Nepomuceno%20Burriel
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Juan Nepomuceno Burriel
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The Virginius Affair
On October 27, 1873, the commandant of the Spanish garrison dispatched the Spanish warship Tornado under the command of Captain Dionisio Costilla following reports of suspicious activity. On October 30, a chase ensued of the North American steamer, the Virginius. The filibustering vessel was captured on October 31, 1873, and taken to the port of Santiago de Cuba.
A Spanish court-martial convened by Burriel on November 2, 1873, swiftly sentenced the Virginius captives, with the first four executions taking place on November 4, 1873. In a report to the Governor-General Joaquín Jovellar y Soler, he indicated the leaders of the expedition as Bernabé Varona, William A.C. Ryan, Jesús del Sol, and Pedro de Céspedes. On the 7th and 8th of the month, 53 crew members, including Joseph Fry, were executed at Santiago de Cuba for piracy on Burriel's orders. On November 8, British Naval officer Lambton Lorraine arrived at the port of Santiago de Cuba on the HMS Niobe to intervene and prevent further executions of the surviving Virginius crew and passengers by Burriel. The American consul in Havana alerted the United States Department of the Navy for aid. By November 15, Burriel was confronted by Commander William B. Cushing of the USS Wyoming on the harbour pier who threatened to open fire on Santiago de Cuba if the punishments weren't suspended. Upon the threat of the ship's cannons pointed towards the Governor's palace, Burriel agreed to halt the executions. Spain's Government later pledged to comply with international law, return the Virginius, free the surviving crew and passengers, and provide an indemnity of $80,000 to both the British and United States governments.
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77204632
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Osvi%20Viegas
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Osvi Viegas
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Career
Viegas is a tiatr artist initially known for his work as a child performer and later as a singer. On 8 December 1958, at the age of 9, he embarked on his professional stage career as a child artist in the theatrical production Tuka Lagon (Because of You), under the direction and writing of Mog Joaquim. The subsequent year, in 1959, Viegas took on an acting role in another tiatr named Gharachi Durdoxea, which was also crafted and directed by Joaquim. In 1960, Viegas participated in a theatrical production organized by Isdorio Cruz who hailed from Varca, Goa. The following year, 1961, Viegas faced a personal loss when his father was fatally shot, prompting his family to move to Bombay. Despite this upheaval, Viegas pursued his education in Bombay. During his time in Bombay, Viegas caught the attention of a family friend named Carlos when he was singing Konkani songs from Goan tiatrs. Carlos then connected Viegas with the well-known tiatrist C. Alvares. Impressed by Viegas' solo vocal abilities Alvares said to him "You are perfect match to sing on professional stage", and cast him in two of his own productions in 1962- Bhattam Anim Bessam penned by Kid Boxer and helmed by Alvares. and Patki Nhoim Ghatki (Not a Sinner, a Traitor). By 1963, Viegas had gained recognition on the Konkani tiatr stage under the moniker Master Osvi Viegas. During that year, Anthony Mendes, then a leading tiatrist, formally invited Alvares to cast Viegas in a role for his theatrical performance named Goemkar Te Goemkar (Goans are Goans).
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77204723
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Battle%20of%20Terki%20%281721%29
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Battle of Terki (1721)
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The 1721 Battle of Terki was a battle between Chechen-Kumyk forces led by the princes Aidemir Bardykhanov and Musal Chopalov against the Russian fortress Terki. The attack was repelled and the attackers were forced to retreat.
History
Previously, in 1718, Cossack raiders sacked several Chechen villages, as a response to which the princes Aidemir Bardykhanov and Musal Chopalov invaded Cossack villages and attacked Russian Terek fortifications. Combined with the attack on Terki 3 years later in 1721, these incidents were the main reasons for the two major Russian campaigns against the Chechens and Kumyks.
In February 1721, the two princes of Endirey, Aidemir Bardykhanov and Musal Chopalov, with an army numbering 4,600 fighters, made up of 1,200 infantry and 3,400 cavalry, launched an attack on the Terki fortress. However the garrison along with Greben Cossack fighters repelled the North Caucasians, only suffering 11 killed and 21 wounded. With heavy losses, the two princes retreated, ending the battle of Terki in a victory for the Russian Empire.
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77204776
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Asphendou%20Cave%20petroglyphs
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Asphendou Cave petroglyphs
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Some of the carved images depicted quadrupeds with what appeared to be long straight horns above their head, which were not identified during initial research. Later discoveries of more intact fossils of the eight known species of Candiacervus deer, thought to have been endemic to Crete, in caves along the island's northern coast provided clearer possible identities for the carvings. Fossils of Candiacervus ropalophorus, which inhabited the island from the Middle to Late Pleistocene, have been found showing long and unbranched horns. The only other species known from the island with somewhat straight horns are the kri-kri goats, which were introduced only 9,000 years ago. This was one of the potential identities of the quadrupeds proposed by the research carried out in the 1970s, before the additional fossil discoveries were made. There is also no depiction of the ground in the carvings, despite such a depiction being common in Bronze Age Minoan art of kri-kri. The identification of the quadrupeds as Candiacervus puts a limit on how recent the carvings can be, with the genus going extinct around 21,500 years ago.
The Asphendou Cave petroglyphs thus may extend backwards the date of the first human settlement in Crete, which was formerly thought to have been Neolithic. Other recent research has found Palaeolithic artefacts in different locations within Crete and the Aegean Sea, and the palaeolithic period of the region remains an active area of study.
| 3.234375
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77204889
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Elizabeth%20Curzon%2C%20Countess%20Howe
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Elizabeth Curzon, Countess Howe
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Elizabeth Helen Curzon, Countess Howe (née Stuart; born 12 November 1955), is a British peeress, educator and philanthropist who has served as Lord-Lieutenant of Buckinghamshire since 27 November 2020.
Early life and education
Lady Howe was born Elizabeth Helen Stuart on 12 November 1955 to Burleigh Edward St Lawrence Stuart (1920–2004) and Joan Elizabeth Platts (died 2001). She was raised in Buckinghamshire and was educated at Headington School in Oxford. She obtained a Bachelor of Education from the University of Cambridge.
Career
After completing university, Lady Howe began teaching in Newmarket and London. She has worked as a governor and volunteer music teachers in schools in Buckinghamshire.
In 1995, Lady Howe was made a deputy lieutenant of Buckinghamshire. She served as High Sheriff of Buckinghamshire from 2010 to 2011. She was appointed Lord-Lieutenant of Buckinghamshire on 26 June 2020. She took office upon the retirement of Sir Henry Aubrey-Fletcher, 8th Baronet, on 27 November 2020. She is the first woman to hold the position, which was established in 1535 by King Henry VIII.
Lady Howe holds a number positions in local charitable organizations. She is chairman of Heart of Bucks Community Foundation, patron of Milton Keynes Islamic Art, Heritage and Culture, and president of the Epilepsy Society.
In 2023, as lord-lieutenant, Lady Howe attended the coronation of King Charles III with her husband.
Marriage and family
On 26 March 1983, Elizabeth Stuart married Frederick Curzon. The following year, Curzon succeeded his second cousin as 7th Earl Howe, thus making his wife Countess Howe.
The Earl and Countess have four children: Lady Anna Curzon (born 19 January 1987); Lady Flora Curzon (born 12 June 1989); Lady Lucinda Curzon (born 12 October 1991); and Thomas, Viscount Curzon (born 22 October 1994). The family resides at Penn House in Penn, Buckinghamshire.
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77204919
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/John%20Perrot%20%28Quaker%29
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John Perrot (Quaker)
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John Perrot (died 1665) was an Irish Quaker sectary known for his missionary work and writings. He is particularly remembered for his visit to Rome in an attempt to convert the Pope.
Biography
Perrot's origins are obscure, although he may have been born in Ireland. He claimed to be an illegitimate son of Sir John Perrot, Lord Deputy of Ireland, but there is no firm evidence of this.
Perrot was a Baptist before becoming a Quaker, living near Waterford with his wife Elizabeth and two children.
Before 1656, Perrot joined the Quakers and began preaching in Limerick. In 1657, he embarked on a mission to Italy with John Love, intending to convert the Pope. They travelled through Lyon, Leghorn, and Athens, where Perrot wrote various religious treatises and letters.
On arriving in Rome, probably in 1658, Perrot and Love commenced preaching against the Romish church, and were arrested. Love died under torture, while Perrot was sent to a madhouse, where he continued to write and send works to England. His imprisonment garnered sympathy, and efforts were made to secure his release, which was achieved in May 1661.
Upon his return to London, Perrot faced criticism from fellow Quakers, including George Fox, for his unconventional beliefs, particularly his opposition to the removal of hats during prayer. Despite losing many supporters, he continued to preach in England and Ireland. In 1662, Perrot and his followers emigrated to Barbados, where he served as a clerk to the magistrates.
Perrot later visited Virginia, influencing local Quakers to abandon traditional practices. He engaged in several trade and agricultural projects in Barbados, though none were successful. Perrot died in Jamaica in 1665, leaving behind a significant body of written work.
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77205180
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Transient%20neonatal%20myasthenia%20gravis
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Transient neonatal myasthenia gravis
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TNMG is one form of pediatric myasthenia gravis. Pediatric myasthenia gravis has two other forms which should not be confused with TNMG. Juvenile myasthenia gravis (i.e., JMG) refers to cases of MG that occur in children before the age of 19. It has been diagnosed in children as young as 8 months of age but, unlike TNMG, has not been diagnosed in fetuses (i.e., 9 weeks or older unborn offspring) or newborns. JMG accounts for about 10–15% of all MG cases and appears to be more prevalent in Asian than white populations, i.e., it represents up to 50% of all TNMG in Asians. Unlike TNMG but similar to MG, JMG is caused by the afflicted individuals production of antibodies directed at adult nAChRs, MuSK, or LRP4. (Individuals with JMG have an increased rate of also having Hashimoto disease, polymyositis, and other autoimmune diseases.) The other form of pediatric myasthenia gravis is termed the congenital myasthenic syndrome, i.e., CMGS. CMGS is not an autoimmune disease. It is a group of rare hereditary disorders in which the neuromuscular transmission in their skeletal muscles is dysfunctional due to the inheritance of defective genes. The defective genes code for proteins in the neuromuscular junctions that, due to their defects, reduce the number of nAChRs that are functional. One study reviewed the mutations in 32 genes that were responsible for causing CMGS. These genes' protein products function as ion-channels, enzymes, or structural, signaling, sensor, or transporter proteins in the neuromuscular junctions. The skeletal muscles of individuals with one of these mutations exhibited easy fatigability, hypotonia (i.e., poor muscle tone), weakness, and/or delayed development of facial, bulbar, limb, respiratory, head, and/or back skeletal muscles. Mutations in the COLQ, CHRNE, RAPSN, Dok-7, and CHAT genes were the most common mutations causing CMGS. None of the reported mutations caused pure ocular myasthenia, i.e., skeletal muscles weaknesses in the eye but not other areas.
Causes
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77205180
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Transient%20neonatal%20myasthenia%20gravis
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Transient neonatal myasthenia gravis
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Transient neonatal myasthenia gravis
TNMG is due to antibodies against the adult nAChR (about 85% of cases), the MuSK protein (about 6% of cases), and the LRP4 in many of the remaining cases. These antibodies flow from the mother's blood through the placenta and into the fetus's blood and tissue. TNMG affects about 1 in 8 children born to mothers who have been diagnosed with myasthenia gravis and has been reported to occur in the offspring of mothers who have MG that is in remission.
Fetal acetylcholine receptor inactivation syndrome
In rare cases, the FARIS form of TNMG develops in the fetus. It occurs when the mother's antibodies are directed at the fetal form of the nAChR and flow from her circulation through the placenta and into the fetus's circulation and tissues. The fetal and adult nAChR proteins consists two α subunits and one eacj of 3 other subunit proteins, (α2, β, γ, δ) and (α2, β, ε, δ), respectively, with the fetal form persisting in the fetus until its γ subunit is replaced by the ε subunit to form the adult nAChR; this occurs by about the 33rd week of gestation. Some publications have termed the more severe forms of FARIS as arthrogryposis multiplex congenita. i.e., AMC, because its offspring, among other severe abnormalities, have arthrogryposis, i.e., disabling joint contractures.
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77205343
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/George%20Ceara
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George Ceara
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Back into his native region, Ceara was afterwards appointed teacher at Romanian schools for Megleno-Romanians in Ossiani (; now Archangelos) in 1906 and in Kriva Palanka in 1907. He was then appointed teacher at the Romanian school in Veria, a town close to his native village, in 1908; as of 1922, he was still teaching at the school. For a period of his lifetime, Ceara fought as an armatole, becoming captain of a cheta. According to the Macedonian Aromanian publicist, translator and writer , he did this to help the Aromanians from "the terror and killings" of the Greek antartes bands of the Macedonian Struggle, who "had the objective of making the Aromanians Greek". Ceara was the director of the magazine Flambura ("The Banner"), having also written for the newspaper Ecoul Macedoniei ("The Echo of Macedonia"). He identified with Romania, making his affiliation very clear in an Aromanian-language article titled Cari him ("Who are we"), written for Flambura together with Dumitru Badralexi, in which they wrote: "We answer that we are Romanians, ancestors of the Roman legionaries, who kept under their command the entire world".
Ceara died on 4 April 1939 in Cavarna, Romania (now Kavarna, Bulgaria), where he had been teaching up until then.
Literary work
Cândroveanu described Ceara as a "sensitive, delicate" poet as well as a "folk singer" very close to folklore, from which he received great inspiration. Ceara featured motifs from folk lyrics and took care to maintain the prosodic structure of the folk songs from which he based his writings, with all his poems being written to be sung. Ceara's literary production is for the greatest part in Romanian, with Papahagi stating in his 1922 anthology of Aromanian literature that Ceara could be considered not so much a writer of Aromanian literature as of Romanian literature and that the history of Romanian literature ought to take into account Aromanian authors such as him. Ceara's works gained him notable fame during his lifetime.
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77205353
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Israel%E2%80%93Rwanda%20relations
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Israel–Rwanda relations
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High-level visits
In July 2016, Israeli Prime Minister Benjamin Netanyahu visited Rwanda, the first such visit by an Israeli prime minister. During this visit, he laid a wreath at the genocide memorial.
In March 2017, Rwandan President Paul Kagame became the first African leader to address the American Israel Public Affairs Committee (AIPAC) annual policy conference.
In July 2017, President Kagame made an official visit to Israel.
In April 2024, Israeli President Isaac Herzog visited Rwanda to attend a ceremony marking the 30th anniversary of the Rwandan genocide.
Cooperation
Israel and Rwanda cooperate in various fields, including:
Agriculture: Israel has shared its expertise in agricultural technology with Rwanda, focusing on irrigation, crop management, and sustainable farming practices. This cooperation aims to enhance Rwanda's agricultural productivity and food security.
Education: Both countries have engaged in educational exchanges and collaborations. Israeli institutions have provided training and scholarships to Rwandan students, particularly in fields such as science, technology, engineering, and mathematics (STEM).
Technology: Israel, known for its advanced technological sector, has partnered with Rwanda to develop the latter's tech industry. This includes initiatives in innovation, start-up incubation, and digital infrastructure development.
Cybersecurity: Given the increasing importance of cybersecurity, Israel has extended its expertise to Rwanda to help build robust cyber defense mechanisms. This cooperation includes training, knowledge transfer, and the establishment of cybersecurity frameworks.
Energy: Israel and Rwanda have collaborated on renewable energy projects, including solar and biogas initiatives. These projects aim to provide sustainable energy solutions and reduce reliance on non-renewable energy sources.
The diplomatic relationship has also been bolstered by initiatives such as the establishment of direct flights between Israel and Rwanda.
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77205622
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Marengo%20campaign
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Marengo campaign
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The Marengo campaign (4 April – 15 June 1800) saw a Habsburg Austrian army led by General der Kavallerie Michael von Melas fight against the defending French Army of Italy under General of Division (GD) André Massena and the invading French Reserve Army commanded by First Consul Napoleon Bonaparte. In early April, Melas launched a successful offensive that split the outnumbered Army of Italy and initiated the Siege of Genoa with Massena's forces trapped within the city. In mid-May, Bonaparte led the Reserve Army across the Great St Bernard Pass and into the Aosta Valley. After encountering a serious delay at Fort Bard, Bonaparte's forces broke into the plains of the Po Valley toward the end of May. At Turin, Melas blocked the direct route to Genoa, but Bonaparte's forces instead seized Milan and began severing the supply lines between Melas' army and Austria. After a long siege, Massena finally surrendered Genoa in early June, but by that time Melas' forces were isolated in northwest Italy. Melas tried to break out of the trap in the Battle of Marengo on 14 June 1800 and nearly succeeded because Bonaparte spread his army too thin. However, late-arriving troops defeated the Austrians and Bonaparte compelled Melas to evacuate northwest Italy as the price of a negotiated truce.
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77205622
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Marengo%20campaign
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Marengo campaign
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By 6 April, the columns of Melas and Elsnitz successfully broke the connection between the corps of Soult and Suchet at Cairo Montenotte. This breakthrough prompted Massena to mount a determined effort to reconnect with Suchet's forces. Massena left 8,000 troops in Genoa and tried to cut his way out, resulting in ten days of brutal fighting in the mountains. There were actions at Cadibona Pass on 6 April, Monte Fasce on 7 April, Bocchetta Pass on 9 April, Sassello on 10 April, Monte Settepani on 10–11 April, Vetriera on 11 April, Colle di San Giacomo on 12 April, and Voltri on 18 April. From 6 to 19 April, Austrian losses were 276 officers and 8,037 men, while the French lost around 7,000 casualties. The fighting resulted in Massena's troops being cooped up in Genoa. The Siege of Genoa would last from 19 April to 4 June 1800. The blockade was assisted by a British Royal Navy squadron under Admiral Lord Keith.
On 24 April 1800, Melas demanded the surrender of Genoa which Massena refused. Melas assigned Ott and 24,000 soldiers to carry out the siege while accompanying Elsnitz and 30,000 troops to a pursuit of Suchet's corps along the coast. (Dodge credited 28,000 soldiers to Elsnitz.) On 30 April, Ott attempted to storm the defenses of Genoa but was repulsed with 3,147 casualties. The French defenders sustained 1,526 casualties, but the assault nearly succeeded. After this failure, Ott decided to starve the defenders into surrendering. Massena launched several sorties, including one led by Soult on 11 May that inflicted losses of 137 killed, 328 wounded, and 1,362 captured on the besiegers. Two days later, a French sortie failed, and Soult was wounded and taken prisoner.
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77205622
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Marengo%20campaign
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Marengo campaign
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In fact, Melas and Zach determined to attack the French army at dawn on 14 June. The Austrians had spread much of their strength in large garrisons for Genoa (5,800), Cuneo (4,390), Turin (3,860), Milan (2,816), and other lesser fortresses. These soldiers would be unavailable for battle. Worse, Melas also assigned 3,000 men to garrison Alessandria's citadel, subtracting them from his field army. Altogether, the Austrian army numbered 24,073 infantry and 7,543 cavalry supported by 92 artillery pieces, not including battalion guns. From this force, at 9:00 am, Melas would send away an entire 2,341-man hussar brigade on a fool's errand to intercept Suchet.
About 6:00 am on 14 June 1800, the Austrian army began to slowly emerge from its bridgehead on the east bank of the Bormida (river) Since O'Reilly's division defended the bridgehead, it was the first Austrian unit to attack the French in the Battle of Marengo. Because it was such a cramped position, the Austrian deployment was time-consuming. Behind O'Reilly were the divisions of Hadik, Kaim, and the grenadiers under FML Ferdinand Johann von Morzin. Elsnitz's cavalry division was in reserve. Colonel Johann Maria Philipp Frimont's brigade-sized advance guard attacked Gardanne's outposts near Pietrabuona farm around 7:00 am. Soon, O'Reilly's division took position on Frimont's right. Victor ordered Gardanne to hold his advanced position so that the other French units had time to form their lines properly.
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77206092
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mugamba%20natural%20region
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Mugamba natural region
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The Mugamba natural region is a natural region of Burundi. It extends along the ridge that divides the Congo watershed from the Nile watershed, and contains the highest peaks in the country.
Geography
The Mugamba ("Cow") region () was a region where livestock were the basis of the economy.
The Mugamba region extends from north to south through the east of Cibitoke Province, the west of Kayanza Province and Muramvya Province, the east of Bujumbura Province, the west of Mwaro Province and the north of Bururi Province.
Mugamba contains the highest peaks of the country: Heha at , Teza at and Twinyoni at .
The Mugamba region has the geological particularity of being a sharing zone of the hydrographic basins of the two largest rivers in Africa: the Congo and the Nile.
The Congo-Nile ridge is now almost entirely covered by artificial afforestation which has replaced the original cover.
Climate
This region is characterized by high relief (2,300 m on average) and annual temperatures between 14° and 17 °C .
The mountainous area experiences a significant annual rainy cycle (between 1300 and 2300 mm /year) with a peak in precipitation observed in September.
Anthropology
Historic populations in this area have created shelters to protect themselves from the relatively low temperatures and high precipitation of this area.
The rugo, or traditional Burundian house or housing complex, of this area includes dwellings of all the members of the same family, and is surrounded by a bamboo fence.
The dimension of the house is determined by the size of a person lengthened on the ground, extending their right hand outward.
A stake having to be used for the tracing of the diameter of the house is then fixed at the end of the finger (the major one).
This dimension is function of the social status and the needs for the owner.
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77206152
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Monte%20Giano
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Monte Giano
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Mount Giano (formerly known as Mount Cotischio) is a mountain in the central Abruzzo Apennines, 1,820 m above sea level. Located on the border between Lazio and Abruzzo, along the Apennine watershed, it belongs to the Cicolano Mountains subgroup.
Description
It is located in the province of Rieti northeast of Antrodoco and dominates, with a prominence of about 1,300 m, the lower part of the Velino Gorge that separates it from the Terminillo massif to the west, with the Monte Nuria mountain range to the south and the Monte Calvo mountain range to the east representing its natural geomorphological continuation; to the north it connects directly to the Monti Reatini, while to the northeast it faces the Cascina Plain and the Mountains of Alto Aterno.
The main peak reaches 1,820 meters, but there are other peaks, including Croce di Monte Giano (1,779.3 m) that exceed 1,700 meters. Between these is the Monte Giano Meadows plateau.
On the slopes of the mountain there are the typical species of the Maquis shrubland: downy oaks, oaks, maples, which reach up to 1,200/1,300 m. Beyond 1,300 meters, beech trees begin to be found, which on the western slope reach up to about 1,700 meters.
At the southern end of Mt. Giano, in the narrow space between it and the adjacent Mt. Serrone (1,044 m), are the Antrodoco gorges (a narrow, wild incision in the rock, about 1.5 km long), which are an obligatory point of passage for communications between Rieti and L'Aquila. For this reason, the state highway 17 and the Terni-L'Aquila railway climb Mount Giano, which can thus reach the Sella di Corno pass from the Velino valley.
Because of their strategic location, and the ease with which they allowed ambushes to be set, the Antrodoco Gorges have been the scene of several military events over the centuries: among them, the defeat of the French army in 1799 and the battle of Antrodoco in 1821.
The "DUX pine forest"
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77206152
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Monte%20Giano
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Monte Giano
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The mountain owes some notoriety to the presence, on its western slope, of a pine forest that forms the inscription "DVX" (duce, from the Latin dux, ducis). The inscription overlooks the Velino valley and is visible from several kilometers away, approaching Antrodoco on the Via Salaria; on days with little mist, especially when the mountain is snow-covered, the inscription is visible even from the city of Rome.
The pine forest covers about eight hectares and is composed of about 20,000 pine trees; it was intended to defend the town of Antrodoco from landslides caused by heavy winter rains, which had repeatedly caused death and devastation, and was a tribute to Benito Mussolini. It was built in 1939 (during the Fascist period) by Cittaducale's Forest Guard Cadet School, with the contribution of many local youths, through the reforestation of an originally desolate limestone coastline.
From the post-war period onward, the erasure of the inscription has been repeatedly called for, although it has been opposed by those who consider it an integral part of the town's landscape and history, as well as by those nostalgic for the 20-year period. In the 1950s new reforestation was carried out, whereby the rectangle below the word DUX was created, so as to make the inscription less obvious. Abandonment of the forest over the years gradually made the inscription less recognizable.
Due to new landslides and rock falls, in 1995 the Lazio region (Badaloni junta) approved work to restore the pine forest, financed in 1998 and carried out in the summer of 2004. On August 24, 2017, the pine forest was severely damaged by a fire. It may have been accidental or deliberate. In February 2018, a group of CasaPound volunteers proceeded to plant 1,000 pine trees on Mt. Giano in order to restore the inscription. The operation was deemed unnecessary by members of the local community due to the wrong timing.
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77206188
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Carthage%20Circus%20Mosaic
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Carthage Circus Mosaic
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Probable representation of a vanished building and an artistic tradition tending towards realism
The mosaic undoubtedly represents the circus of Carthage given the results of archaeological excavations and the study of this type of performance building which allow a coherent interpretation. The circus at Carthage was in fact present before the eyes of the mosaicists. Mosaics in the provinces represent local circuses.
The circus, built in the mid-1st or late-1st-early-1st century, disappeared completely at the beginning of the 20th century. This building has only been partially excavated and its remains are very poorly preserved. Those uncovered during the excavations date from the Antonine period, although the building was enlarged under the Severans, before being repaired in the Theodosian period. After being abandoned in the fifth century, the building was used as a stone quarry for centuries, and the site was listed as a historic monument on March 1, 1905. The site was partially excavated in the 1980s as part of UNESCO's international campaign. The site remained under threat from "uncontrolled urbanisation" at the beginning of the 21st century.
Studies have shown the building to be the third largest circus in the Roman Empire, after the Circus Maximus and the Circus of Antioch, with a track length of 496 m, a width of 77 m to 78 m and dimensions of 580 m by 129 m. It was "the largest circus in Africa " and could accommodate 60,000 to 70,000 spectators according to Samir Aounallah. According to Adeline Pichot, it could hold 40,000 to 45,000 spectators. This type of building was the prerogative of "large, wealthy cities", although many towns had more basic facilities, such as Dougga where the races took place in a field.
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77206251
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rhotanella
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Rhotanella
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The species of Rhotanella can be divided into two distinct groups based on the profile of the head and several other features. The first group is called the Rhotanella bipunctata species group and is characterized by an approximately rectangular profile of the head. It includes 4 species (R. bipunctata, R. lautereri, R. novemmaculata and R. punctuvenosa) which are found in the Philippines, the island of Sulawesi (Indonesia) and southern China. Apart from the approximately rectangular outline of the head in profile, the forewings have a series of black marks on the costa near the wing base. The forewings lack any red marks.
The second group, the Rhotanella thyrsis species group, includes the type species from New Guinea and the Solomon Islands, R. cyclops and R. sophiae, also from New Guinea, and R. lucida from the Philippines and Indonesia. These species have a triangular profile of the head, the forewings lack the series of black marks at the base of the costa, and except for R. lucida have bright red marks in the costal cells (the striped areas in the images of R. thyrsis and R. sophiae above). R. lucida is further unusual in that the forewings are not uniformly brown like in all other species of Rhotanella, but have a dark brown, ring-like band near the wing margins.
Biology
Like in other genera of the Rhotanini, there is very little information on the biology of the species of Rhotanella. It is assumed that the nymphal stages live in decaying organic matter like other derbids, feeding on fungi. Information on the host plants the adults feed on is scarce. Several species have been collected from palms, mainly coconut palms.
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77206331
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Henry%20Kempton%20Craft
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Henry Kempton Craft
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In 1941, along with A. Philip Randolf, Walter White, Lester Granger, Frank Crosswaith, Layle Lane, and Rayford Logan, Henry Craft was an organizing member of the Negroes' Committee to March on Washington for Equal Participation in National Defense, which planned to mobilize 50,000 to 100,000 marchers on July 1, 1941 to protest the Jim Crow defense program after previous efforts to persuade President Franklin Roosevelt to desegregate the military were unsuccessful. A week before the march, Roosevelt signed Executive Order 8802, which prohibited ethnic or racial discrimination in the nation's defense industry (including in companies, unions, and federal agencies engaged in war-related work) and created the Fair Employment Practice Committee. Though not a law, Executive Order 8802 was the first federal action to promote equal opportunity and prohibit employment discrimination in the United States, and it represented the first executive civil rights directive since Reconstruction. As a result of this victory, the 1941 March on Washington was called off by its organizing committee.
In the 1930s and 1940s, Henry Craft and his family lived on Sugar Hill in West Harlem at The Garrison Apartments, 435 Convent Avenue, Apartment 35.
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77206360
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sebasti%C3%A1n%20Fern%C3%A1ndez%20de%20Medrano
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Sebastián Fernández de Medrano
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Joaquín de la Llave discussed Medrano's enduring influence on the methodologies employed in military academies and his pivotal role in training engineers and military personnel. Regarding Sebastián Fernández de Medrano, Colonel de la Llave made a statement in his 1905 conference:
"His books are clear and methodical. The doctrine is presented with great precision and clarity, and therefore, as textbooks for the Academy of Brussels, they represent a considerable advancement. It is also important to note that at that time, geographic studies were very neglected. In most European countries, geography was not studied, or if it was, it was done in such an elementary way that it was far from what Medrano taught his disciples, which, while not perfect knowledge, represented a significant advancement over what had been done until then. Therefore, I believe that, without taking away the place that corresponds to him, Fernández de Medrano cannot be denied the status of a geographer, and a geographer of certain importance among ours; he represents a marked progress in Spanish geography, in its didactic part, and deserves some tribute, some consideration from the Geographical Society, which is the purpose that guided me in giving this lecture."
Colonel de la Llave acknowledges Medrano's Academy and credits him with significantly enhancing military training by combining practical and theoretical education. Medrano was credited with authoring influential textbooks that combined detailed geographical descriptions with practical military applications. His works included "La Geografía ó moderna descripción del Mundo y sus partes," and "Breve descripción del mundo, ó guia geographica de Medrano" dedicated to King Charles II of Spain, which, according to Colonel de la Llave, were instrumental in advancing geographic science during his era.
A poem from the "Geography of Medrano" dedicated to Charles II of Spain by Sebastián Fernández de Medrano in 1688:
Patronage
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77206607
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dukla%20Palace
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Dukla Palace
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Palace episodes
In 1656, King John Casimir, returning to Lviv from exile in Silesia during the Swedish Deluge, stopped to rest in the palace.
In 1755, Jerzy Mniszech founded a Masonic lodge in the palace, one of the first in Poland. Its main ideologist was Mokronowski, and its members included many aristocrats and military members.
Maria Amalia, the second wife of Jerzy August Mniszch, was thoroughly educated, with great artistic taste, a good politician, but she was also a master of intrigues. Her ambition was to marry her daughter, only child Józefina, to Szczęsny Potocki, a borderland king and the greatest lord in Poland at that time. She was suspected of organizing the kidnapping and murder of Szczęsny's first wife, Gertruda . Shortly after this fact, Józefina became Szczęsny's wife.
The Mniszechs supported the Bar Confederation, especially Maria Amalia, who had close contacts with Prince Karol Radziwiłł, the Bishop of Kamieniec Adam Krasiński and Kazimierz Pułaski, a frequent guest at the palace in 1769–1770. The latter organized long-distance cavalry raids from the palace in Dukla, but he failed to convince George Augustus to place his selected dragoons under Confederate command.
In 1775, Tadeusz Kościuszko, a young graduate of the Corps of Cadets in Warsaw, came to the palace, unsuccessfully seeking Mniszech's protection in joining the Royal Saxon Army.
A pair of storks, called "palace storks", made their nest on the chimney of the southern annex.
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