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78827370
|
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Effects%20of%20climate%20change%20on%20health%20in%20the%20United%20Kingdom
|
Effects of climate change on health in the United Kingdom
|
The burning of fossil fuels is a major source of fine particulate matter (PM2.5), which has negative effects on cardiovascular and lung health. Therefore, transitioning away from fossil fuel burning for transport, heating, and electricity production can have health benefits. In the UK, the emissions of PM2.5 from road traffic are greater than that of the electricity generation system, as electricity production has already moved away from the kinds of fossil fuel (e.g. coal) that produce the greatest PM2.5. There is also a substantial emission of PM2.5 from burning of biofuels (mainly wood) for home heating. Decarbonising electricity production in line with the UKs net zero target is expected to reduce PM2.5 concentrations by more than 40% by 2050. This would save 500,000 to 1.1 million cumulative life years by 2154.
Climate change mitigation policies affecting housing can also have positive effects on health and reduce carbon dioxide emission by 0.6 megatonnes. Upgrading housing infrastructure through changing building fabric, ventilation, and energy sources is estimated to save 850 disability-adjusted life years per million population, with the potential to gain 2,200 quality-adjusted life years per 10,000 people over the next 50 years. Policies which improve home energy efficiency (e.g. through insulation) could reduce fuel poverty and cold-related deaths while simultaneously reducing greenhouse gas emissions.
Policies supporting active travel (e.g. walking, cycling) instead of fossil-fuel powered travel could also help reduce greenhouse gas emissions while having large health benefits through increased exercise. If a quarter of the British population cycles regularly, the general death rate could fall by 11% in the UK. If England and Wales meets the European best practice for walking, cycling, and reduced car use, there is the potential for 7.6% reduction in ischaemic heart disease, stroke, dementia, diabetes, depression, and cancers.
| 2.8125
| 0
|
75734921
|
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chaenothecopsis%20kilimanjaroensis
|
Chaenothecopsis kilimanjaroensis
|
Chaenothecopsis kilimanjaroensis is a species of lichenicolous (lichen-dwelling) pin lichen in the family Mycocaliciaceae. Found in the cloud forests of Tanzania, it was described as a new species in 2019. These tiny lichens have a short stalk, which can be either single or formed in aggregates on the same thallus. The stalks are medium brown at the base and become translucent in water. This species has unique spores, which contain a single septum (internal partition), are arranged in a single row in the ascus, and have a surface ornamented with elongated, blister-like structures.
Taxonomy
The lichen was formally described as a new species in 2019 by Stella Temu and Leif Tibell. The type specimen was collected by the first author from the Monduli Forest Reserve (Arusha) at an elevation of . Molecular phylogenetics analysis using internal transcribed spacer DNA sequences indicates that Chaenothecopsis kilimanjaroensis is closely related to Chaenothecopsis debilis.
Description
Chaenothecopsis kilimanjaroensis features a thallus that grows as either a commensal or parasite on sterile lichen crusts or on the thallus of Chaenotheca chloroxantha. The host lichen tends to lose pigmentation and turn mauve-grey when it is parasitised. The apothecia (fruiting bodies) of C. kilimanjaroensis are very short-stalked or with medium-long, olivaceous brown stalks, measuring 0.21–0.27 mm in height. The (the cup-shaped apothecium on the top of the stalk) can be either single and lens-shaped to broadly obconical, or it may form 2–5 aggregated units on the same, usually short, stalk. The is dark brown, with an intricate structure composed of intertwined fungal hyphae.
| 1.945313
| 0
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75734930
|
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Arizona%20Cancer%20Center%20Chapel
|
Arizona Cancer Center Chapel
|
The chapel's cultural significance extends beyond its architectural brilliance, embodying Soleri's vision of "arcology" – an integration of architecture and ecology striving for a balance between urban aesthetics, equality, and environmental stewardship. The chapel serves as a living memorial to Soleri's profound influence on the fields of architecture and urban design.
Donor
In the early 1980s, Titular Bishop Donato De Bonis, who served as the Secretary General of the Vatican Bank (Institute for the Works of Religion), sought cutting-edge cancer treatment in Tucson, Arizona at the Arizona Cancer Center. Dr. Sydney Salmon and Dr. Alberts were instrumental in providing this advanced medical care. In 1983, Dr. Alberts traveled to the Vatican for a meeting with Bishop De Bonis, resulting in the exchange of "mementos" as gifts for the Cancer Center Staff upon his return. During this period, Bishop De Bonis frequently visited Tucson due to his close relationship with Sydney Salmo and a gesture of appreciation for the medical treatment he received, Bishop De Bonis funded the Chapel Project at the Cancer Center. The Chapel was dedicated in memory of his mother.
Design and features
The chapel's design is characterized by its distinctive sand-cast barrel-vaulted concrete ceilings, reflecting Soleri's dedication to harmonizing with the natural environment. The concrete, cast within a bed of silt, exhibits a unique texture and color reflective of the desert's character. Embedded botanical graphics, consistent with Soleri's design approach present throughout his iconic creation Arcosanti, further underline his profound connection to the local landscape.
The chapel's spatial integrity and architectural elements make it a unique exemplar of Soleri's work in Southern Arizona, and internationally showcasing the fusion of sustainability, human connection, and coexistence with the natural world.
| 1.992188
| 0
|
75734946
|
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rana%20Samara
|
Rana Samara
|
Rana Samara (born 1985) is a Palestinian painter. Her work explores societal expectations and taboos regarding Palestinian women's sexuality and gender roles.
Early life and education
Samara was born in Jerusalem. She grew up in a "typical Palestinian family". At one point in her childhood, her family's home was stormed by Israeli soldiers while she was playing Super Mario, a memory which later inspired pieces of her art. As a teenager, she began analyzing social expectations as they related to gender.
Samara's father encouraged her to study finance, but after one semester she changed her major to art. She completed a two-year degree at Palestine Technical College in graphic design. She then went on to study contemporary visual arts at International Academy of Art Palestine. She later obtained a master's degree in Fine Art from Northwestern University in Illinois.
Career
Samara's work often focuses on places and objects, particularly indoor rooms, rather than human figures. She has said she wants to move away from common Palestinian artistic motifs, like olive trees, and to instead portray everyday interior life as a way to "make the private public". She is inspired by "intimate stories and female wisdom". Her painting style has been compared to Henri Matisse and David Hockney.
Samara is represented by Zawyeh Gallery in Ramallah. In 2016, she had her first solo exhibition, Intimate Spaces, at the gallery. The exhibition was based on a year of research in Al-Am'ari refugee camp and West Bank villages, during which she interviewed women residents about their sex lives and experiences with intimacy. The exhibition was later shown at Art Dubai in 2017.
In 2019, Samara exhibited her series "War Games" at Art Dubai. The paintings were born out of an 18-month research project based in Jerusalem and Jordan, and focused on the dreams of children and refugees impacted by war. They were inspired by Samara's interaction with a young boy in Jerusalem whose home had been destroyed.
| 2.640625
| 0
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75735222
|
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Subjunctive%20mood%20in%20Spanish
|
Subjunctive mood in Spanish
|
Spanish grammar is typical to that of most Indo-European languages, with verbs undergoing complex patterns of conjugation. Compared to Latin, Spanish has a far simpler nominal morphology, with no distinction of case in any parts of speech except pronouns. The three genders of Latin were simplified into two (masculine and feminine), with neuter disappearing in all but demonstratives, pronouns, and articles; unlike the other two, the neuter refers to abstract ideas or concepts, when there is no noun being referred to, and is modified by the masculine singular of an adjective, such as lo bueno ("the good [thing/aspect]").
The complexity of Spanish grammar is found primarily in verbs. Inflected forms of a Spanish verb contain a lexical root, a theme vowel, and inflection; for example, the verb cantar ("to sing") becomes cantamos ("we sing") in its first-person plural, present indicative form. Verbs inflect for tense, number, person, mood, aspect, voice, and gender. Spanish also features the T–V distinction, the pronoun that the speaker uses to address the interlocutor – formally or informally – leading to the increasing number of verb forms. Most verbs have regular conjugation, which can be known from their infinitive form, which may end in -ar, -er, or -ir. However, some are irregular, despite their infinitive having one of these endings, and knowing how to conjugate them is a matter of memorization.
| 3.140625
| 0
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75735222
|
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Subjunctive%20mood%20in%20Spanish
|
Subjunctive mood in Spanish
|
The subjunctive is almost always found in a subordinate clause, whereas in the main clause, the indicative is used. In a sentence in which two clauses are present, the complementizer que ("that") is inserted to separate them. Sometimes the word is omitted if the subjunctive is in the second clause, although this practice is limited to official language, such as in business letters. The verb of the second clause is either in the indicative or the subjunctive, depending on the one in the main clause; if the latter is of saying, thinking, or believing, the indicative is usually preferred, while if it is of an emotional state, such as volition, exhortation, demand, or fear, the subjunctive is. However, this is not true in all cases; verbs of belief trigger the subjunctive when they are negated or when the meaning is to be hypothetical or hesitant. Linguist Christopher Pountain demonstrates how a verb of emotion can be followed by either the indicative or the subjunctive, but with a different change in meaning, sometimes subtle or invisible when translated to English:
"Temía que lo ." ("I was afraid that they would get to know.")
The degree of fear is a genuine one.
"Temía que no ." ("I was afraid that you (plural) would not come.")
The degree of fear is a "conventional, polite" one.
As it has been stated, the negation of a verb of belief in the main clause triggers the subjunctive in the next clause, but it is also not wrong to use the indicative. The sentence "Michael no cree que Panamá un país hispanohablante" ("Michael does not believe that Panama is a Spanish-speaking country") only presents Michael's opinion of Panama and the speaker is being neutral of it, while "Michael no cree que Panamá un país hispanohablante" (same meaning as above) presents an intervention of the speaker's opinion, that is, the speaker believes that Panama is a Spanish-speaking country, which is contrary to what Michael believes. Verbs of thinking can also use the subjunctive, giving an invitation of doing something.
| 2.84375
| 0
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75735222
|
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Subjunctive%20mood%20in%20Spanish
|
Subjunctive mood in Spanish
|
Imperfect
There are two sets of endings of the imperfect (or simple past) subjunctive, one that contains -ra and the other -se. For regular -ar verbs, it is formed by taking a verb's third-person preterit stem and then adding one of these endings: -ara/-ase (first and third person singular), -aras/-ases (second person singular), -áramos/-ásemos (first person plural), -arais/-aseis (second person plural), and -aran/-asen (third person plural). For regular -er and -ir verbs, these endings are used instead: -iera/-iese (first and third person singular), -ieras/-ieses (second person singular), -iéramos/-iésemos (first person plural), -ierais/-ieseis (second person plural), and -ieran/-iesen (third person plural).
The two subjunctives have their origins in Latin; from the past perfect indicative came the -ra form, and from the past perfect subjunctive came the -se form. Both subjunctives are found in Spain, but the -se one is almost extinct or much rarer in Latin America, where it is seen as a characteristic of the Spanish of Spain; Latin American writers imitating a European style would likely use the form. Debates on whether their subjunctive values are the same continue; some grammarians argue that the -se form implies a remoter likelihood and "an impression of insistence", while the -ra form "brings everything into relatively sharper focus" and puts more emphasis to the speech. In literary and journalistic writings, the -ra subjunctive may also replace the past perfect indicative, even though only in subordinate clauses, mainly the relative; for example, "el libro que leyera" ("the book (that) he had read"); "Leyera el libro" ("He had read the book") is ungrammatical.
| 2.796875
| 0
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75735222
|
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Subjunctive%20mood%20in%20Spanish
|
Subjunctive mood in Spanish
|
The imperfect subjunctive is used in a counterfactual conditional clause, which begins with si ("if"), and the other clause is usually in the conditional mood: "If I were rich, I would buy a house." (Spanish: "Si yo rico, una casa.") The perfect past subjunctive (the imperfect subjunctive of haber and then a past participle) refers to an unfulfilled condition in the past, and the other clause would be in the perfect conditional: "Si yo hubiera/hubiese tenido dinero, habría comprado la casa" ("If I had been rich, I would have bought the house"). Regarding tense agreement, if the main clause uses the imperfect, preterite, or past perfect indicative, either the imperfect or past perfect subjunctive is used. However, if the event of the subordinate clause is timelessly true, the present subjunctive is optional: "Dios decretó que las serpientes no patas" ("God decreed that snakes should have no legs").
Future
The simple future subjunctive is formed by replacing the a of any -ra imperfect subjunctive form with an e. Since it has no equivalent in Latin, it might have emerged from the merging of the future perfect indicative and the present perfect subjunctive. The development of the future subjunctive also happened in two other Iberian Romance languages: Portuguese and Galician, but the former stands out as the only one whose speakers still use it in daily speech. Japanese philologist Noritaka Fukushima writes that the earliest attestation of the Spanish future subjunctive was from the tenth century. Despite noting its obsolescence, many modern grammars still mention it, which is attributable to its widespread use in writings from the Golden Age and its infrequent modern occurrence.
| 2.390625
| 0
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75735933
|
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jennie%20Hart%20Sibley
|
Jennie Hart Sibley
|
Jennie Hart Sibley (1846–1917) was a prominent figure in the state of Georgia, holding leadership roles within various organizations, particularly in the American temperance movement. She served as the second president of the Georgia State Woman's Christian Temperance Union (W.C.T.U.), succeeding her sister-in-law, Jane E. Sibley. She was also Greene County's president of the Daughters of the Confederacy as well as the inaugural president of the Union Point Garden Club, sometimes referred to as "The Mother of Georgia garden clubs". Sibley is also remembered for her advocacy in the suffrage movement.
Biography
Sarah Virginia (nickname, "Jennie") Hart was born at Augusta, Georgia, October 21, 1846. She was a descendant of two families of South Carolina and Virginia. The mother, Maria Virginia (Collier) Hart (1818–1890), organized the first Sunday school in Greene County, Georgia in 1841 and personally conducted it for a long time. At the close of the civil war, the father, William Thomas Hart (1840–1901), established a wayside home at Union Point, Georgia where over 50,000 meals were freely served to hungry soldiers of both the Confederate States Army and Union Army. Jennie's siblings were William, James, John, and Mary. John served as Attorney General of Georgia.
She received her education in her home city before graduating from the Lucy Cobb Institute in Athens, Georgia.
In Richmond County, Georgia, on November 15, 1865, she married Samuel Hale Sibley (1823–1883), of Augusta. They had six children: Josiah, Grace, Jennie, Catherine, Samuel, and James.
| 1.984375
| 0
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75736183
|
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/South%20Africa%27s%20genocide%20case%20against%20Israel
|
South Africa's genocide case against Israel
|
Second request
On 6 March, South Africa filed a second request for additional measures, requesting the court to order additional emergency measures to require that Israel provide humanitarian assistance to address starvation and famine in Gaza. In its statement, South Africa argued, "The situation is urgent. South Africa has no choice but to approach the Court for the strengthening of the Provisional Measures in place to try prevent full-scale famine, starvation and disease in the Gaza Strip". Israel's legal team described South Africa's request as "wholly unfounded in fact and law, morally repugnant, and represent an abuse both of the Genocide Convention and of the court itself".
On 28 March 2024, the court adopted the emergency measures. The court's judges said "The court observes that Palestinians in Gaza are no longer facing only a risk of famine (...) but that famine is setting in", unanimously ordering Israel to take action to ensure food supplies to the Palestinian population without delay.
Third request
On 10 May 2024, South Africa requested additional provisional measures that would protect the population of Rafah in the face of Israeli attack in that area. South Africa's arguments for these provisional measures were presented orally on 16 May, and Israel's arguments were presented the following day.
Before closing the hearing on 17 May, the ICJ requested Israel provide more information about humanitarian conditions in its declared "evacuation zones" in Gaza. Judge Georg Nolte asked Israel to clarify the conditions in these zones, including how it plans to ensure the safe passage of evacuees and the provision of essential supplies such as food and shelter. Israel has been asked to submit a written reply to the question by 18 May at 4 pm.
| 1.992188
| 0
|
75736433
|
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Koshi%20Hospital
|
Koshi Hospital
|
Koshi Hospital is a government hospital located in Biratnagar-10, Morang in Koshi Province of Nepal. It is providing health services focusing to the poor and under-privileged people of Koshi Province. Established in , it is regarded as one of the oldest hospitals of Nepal.
History
It was established by Bir Shumsher Jung Bahadur Rana in as P Bir Hospital which comprises the name of Prithvi Bir Bikram Shah and Bir Shumsher Jung Bahadur Rana in Rangeli, Morang. Later in it was shifted to Biratnagar. It was named as Tribhuvan Memorial Hospital in . The 50-bed hospital has now been expanded to 350-beds.
Services
The services provided in Koshi Hospital includes:
Anesthesiology Department,
Ophthalmology Department,
Laboratory Department,
HIV/ARV, Family planning, TB-DOTS, Immunization,
Radiology Department,
OPD : Orthopedics, General Surgery, Pediatrics, General Medicine, Dermatology, ENT, Gynecology and Obstetrics,
Dental Department
Emergency Department,
Pharmacy Unit
Pathology Department
Physiotherapy Department
ICU
NICU
Postmortem
| 2.03125
| 0
|
75736764
|
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Prudnik%20Land
|
Prudnik Land
|
Prudnik Land (, , ) is a part of the historical region of Upper Silesia, in southern Poland. It is named after the town of Prudnik, the largest town in the region.
Towns located in the region are: Prudnik, Biała, Głogówek and Strzeleczki.
Throughout a large part of its history, the region had been ruled by the Duchy of Opole and other Silesian Duchies, formed as a result of the medieval fragmentation of Piast-ruled Poland. Following the Silesian Wars the region found itself within Prussia, and from 1871 it was also part of Germany. Following Germany's defeat in World War II in 1945, in accordance with the Oder–Neisse line, Prudnik Land became again part of Poland.
Geography
Prudnik Land is located in the southwestern part of Upper Silesia, in the region known as Opolian Silesia, near the Czech Republic–Poland border. The western edge of the Prudnik Landmarks the border between historic Upper and Lower Silesia.
In the current administrative division, the Prudnik Land is located in the Opole Voivodeship. The current Prudnik County does not coincide with its borders. In addition to the entire area of Prudnik County (gminas of Prudnik, Lubrza, Głogówek and Biała), the Prudnik Land also includes the entire gmina Strzeleczki, gmina Walce excluding the village of Stradunia, the villages of Borek, Kórnica, Nowy Dwór Prudnicki, Pietna, Steblów and Ściborowice in gmina Krapkowice, villages Jarnołtówek and Pokrzywna in gmina Głuchołazy, villages Biernatów and Klisino, and villages Ścinawa Mała, Borek, Przechód and Rzymkowice in gmina Korfantów.
| 2.3125
| 0
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75737024
|
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kate%20Rooney%20%28singer%29
|
Kate Rooney (singer)
|
Other interests
Rooney was praised as a writer of humorous prose and as a painter, winning a first prize of £250 in a competition sponsored by the Art Gallery, though further details are elusive.
During her years of retirement, while the children were young, she studied the techniques of Oriental painting, and produced some credible works in the style.
While living in New York state, her son Billy had his portrait painted by Robert Tolman.
Family
Rooney married art expert William Kirkham at Corpus Christi Church, Brixton, England, on 2 October 1907, and moved to New York. Their first child, a boy, was born on 20 May 1912, but died shortly after. They had two children, William Austin Anthony "Billy" Kirkham (born 26 October 1914) and Patricia "Patsy" Kirkham (born March 1919).
Rooney had a sister, Rea Rooney,
Her brother, Frances Patrick "Frank" Rooney (5 September 1869 – 15 April 1947), public servant of Camp Stret, Katoomba, New South Wales. His children include Tom, and Jeanette, who studied under the same Mme Christian as her aunt Kate. Jeanette had a career in Australia as a contralto, singing in J. C. Williamson's Imperial Grand Opera Company, the Sydney Royal Philharmonic Society and regular appearances on ABC radio.
| 2.015625
| 0
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75737115
|
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mary%20Ellen%20Christian
|
Mary Ellen Christian
|
Mary Ellen Christian (1848 – 31 May 1941) was a Canadian-born contralto, best known as a teacher of singing in Australia, founder of the Garcia school of singing at Potts Point, a suburb of Sydney.
History
Christian was born in Quebec, of English parents, who returned to London three years later.
She joined the choir of the Woolwich Dockyard Anglican church, and took singing lessons from a Miss Whomes, daughter of the church organist, who prepared her for entry to the (London) Royal Academy of Music, where she studied music and singing under Manuel Garcia, and she won the Westmorland Scholarship and the Cipriani Potter Exhibition. Her rich contralto voice (D in bass to B in alt) was praised in The Times. Jenny Lind and her husband Otto Goldschmidt were among her admirers.
Following a concert at St James's Hall, London, she lost her voice due to congestion of the lungs, and on medical advice she left for Australia in 1871, settling in Melbourne. She made her tentative debut at a grand benefit concert for Saurin Lyster at the Melbourne Town Hall on 26 August 1871.
She joined the Melbourne Philharmonic Society in 1872, and was a principal vocalist in the Society's 138th concert, presenting Mendelssohn's St Paul at the Town Hall on 10 December 1872.
Those two performed together again, in the Intercolonial Music Festival or Exhibition of 1872–73 and in Robert Sparrow Smythe's "Exhibition Concert Company" whose members included Mrs Smythe, Miss Christian, Samuel Lamble (basso), F. H. Du Boulay (concertina) and C. Huenerbein (piano)
| 2.40625
| 0
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75737134
|
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/The%20Complete%20Works%20%28poetry%29
|
The Complete Works (poetry)
|
The Complete Works was a national development programme for Black and Asian poets in England, 2008–2020, created on the initiative of Bernardine Evaristo, which mentored many major prizewinners and went on to inspire similar schemes.
History and purpose
The Complete Works: Poetry was an initiative of Bernardine Evaristo to tackle the underrepresentation of poets of colour in UK poetry in the early years of the 21st century as revealed by the Free Verse Report in 2005. Evaristo stated that "publishers simply weren't publishing poets of colour."
The programme was directed by Dr Nathalie Tetlier, an academic and poet, with funding from the Arts Council of England. Every four years, ten Black and Asian UK poets at the beginning of their careers were selected and offered a programme of mentoring, seminars, literature retreats and publication in a Bloodaxe anthology. Mentors included Caleb Femi and Liz Berry.
The Complete Works Diversity in UK Poetry Conference was held in Goldsmiths University London in November 2017.
Over the period of the programme, publication of poets of colour increased. Complete Works Fellows won three Forward Prizes, two T. S. Eliot Prizes, two Ted Hughes Awards, two Sunday Times Young Writer of the Year Awards, a Somerset Maugham Award, a Dylan Thomas Prize, and a Rathbones Folio Prize. Fellows also judged the Forward and T. S. Eliot Prizes during this period and published more than 40 collections.
In The Guardian in 2017, Bernardine Evaristo called it "a scheme that actually works." The programme went on to inspire The James Berry Prize and the Manchester Poets of Colour Incubator in 2023.
Fellows
Poets were mentored in three groups.
Group 1 2008
Rowyda Amin, Malika Booker, Janet Kofi-Tsekpo, Mir Mahfuz Ali, Nick Makoha, Karen McCarthy Woolf, Shazea Quraishi, Roger Robinson, Denise Saul, Seni Seneviratne.
Group 2 2012
Mona Arshi, Jay Bernard, Kayo Chingonyi, Rishi Dastidar, Edward Doegar, Inua Ellams, Sarah Howe, Adam Lowe, Eileen Pun, Warsan Shire.
| 2.5
| 0
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75737499
|
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/NTA%20Kaduna
|
NTA Kaduna
|
NTA Kaduna is a regional branch of the Nigerian Television Authority headquartered in Kaduna, capital of the Kaduna State eponymous state. Its origins date back to the former BCNN, which eventually became Radio Kaduna Television.
History
The government of the Northern Region, owner of the Broadcasting Corporation of Northern Nigeria (BCNN), negotiated in 1961 with two British companies (the Granada group and EMI). Together, they would "provide television to the three main centres: Kano, the Commercial Centre of the North; Kaduna, the Capital of Northern Nigeria; and Zaria, the academic Centre of the North".
Radio Kaduna Television (RKTV) began broadcasting on 15 March 1962 on VHF channel 4 using a temporary studio at the Independence Hall of Government College, Kaduna, in an attempt from the regional government to start ahead of deadline. In August 1962, it started broadcasting to Zaria (channel 4) and in February 1963, to Kano (channel 10). In the same month, RKTV moved to new, permanent facilities at No. 7 Hospital Road, from where it broadcast three hours a day, six days a week. One third of RKTV's programmes were produced locally, in both English and Hausa languages. At the time, RKTV had the most advanced television infrastructure in Nigeria, coupled with a high number of potential viewers, as the region alone had a population of 30 million. Out of all the television stations that existed in Nigeria at the time, it was the only one that had favorable relations to the government, without breaking contracts.
RKTV was the first station in Nigeria to air the British sci-fi series Doctor Who on 3 August 1965, also the first television station in Africa overall. During this period, the station broadcast on average four hours a day, starting at 6:30pm with a reading of the Quran and ending at approximately 10:30pm after the late news. By the early 1970s, it was broadcasting from 5pm to 12:15am daily.
| 2.109375
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75737913
|
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nikola%20Stojanovi%C4%87%20%28politician%2C%20born%201880%29
|
Nikola Stojanović (politician, born 1880)
|
Stojanović took the position that if unification of South Slavs becomes impossible, in case of a negotiated end of the war, Serbia should capture Bosnia and Herzegovina to reverse Austro-Hungarian annexation of 1908 and to gain territory in Dalmatia as an access to the sea. Nonetheless, Stojanović came into conflict with Pašić following the Salonika Trial and execution of Dragutin Dimitrijević, convicted as the lead conspirator against Prince Regent Alexander and organiser of an attempted assassination of the Regent. It remains unclear why exactly the two were in conflict, except that it coincided with conclusion of the trial. Some sources indicate that the conflict might stem from Stojanović's alleged preference for a republic, contrary to Pašić's ideas. Stojanović voiced opposition, without specifying reasons, to the Corfu Declaration on unification signed by Pašić and Yugoslav Committee president Trumbić—affirming that the new union will be a monarchy ruled by the Karađorđević dynasty. As the conflict with Pašić deteriorated, Stojanović had Serb members of the Yugoslav Committee (Vasiljević and —substituting Milan Srškić who quit the committee in protest) declare they support only unification of South Slavs on the integral Yugoslavist basis, and would not support just addition of Bosnia and Herzegovina to Serbia.
| 2.21875
| 0
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75738003
|
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Muchob%C3%B3r%20Ma%C5%82y
|
Muchobór Mały
|
Muchobór Mały (, , ) is a district in Wrocław located in the western part of the city. It was established in the territory of the former Fabryczna district.
Name
The name Muchobor (without distinguishing between Mały and Wielki) was first mentioned in 1155. The name is derived from a combination of two Polish words – 'mucha' ('fly') and bór ('conifer forest').
Muchobór Mały was first mentioned in Latin in 1311 as Mochbor Parvum, and in 1405 as Mochebor Minor.
Heinrich Adamy's work on place names in Silesia, published in 1888 in Breslau, lists Muchobor as the oldest place name, giving it the meaning Fliegenwald ('forest of flies'). The name of the village was later phonetically Germanized to Mochbern and lost its original meaning.
History
First records of Muchobór Mały date back to 1193. In 1311, by virtue of a document issued by Pope Innocent III, it was transferred to the ownership of the Augustinian congregation at the Church of St Mary on the Sand in Wrocław. The Augustinians held possession of the settlement until the secularization of monastic property in Prussia in 1810. The village was part of Poland in the Middle Ages, and in the later periods it passed to Bohemia, Hungary, Austria, Prussia and Germany.
In 1874, a railroad station was built and put into service in Klein Mochbern. In 1928, the settlement was incorporated to Breslau (Wrocław) as a dynamically developing worker-industrial district.
On April 1, 1945, the district was captured by the Red Army.
In 1991, after reforms in the administrative division of Wrocław, Muchobór Mały became one of the city's 48 districts.
| 2.234375
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75738076
|
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Princess%20Asenina%20Palaiologina%20%28wife%20of%20Centurione%20II%29
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Princess Asenina Palaiologina (wife of Centurione II)
|
In 1429, Despot Thomas Palaiologos besieged Centurione in Chalandritsa. The prince resisted for some time but eventually, he surrendered. Thomas forced him to a treaty whereby their daughter, Catherine Zaccaria, would marry the despot and thus make him Centurione's heir in Achaea. Centurione was allowed to keep his inheritance, the barony of Arcadia with the castle of Kyparissia as his household. During the arrangements, Centurione made sure that his son John Asen Zaccaria would at least retain his princely title even only by name. Centurione retired to Arcadia in 1430, after the marriage was finalized. He died there two years later in 1432. He was still hoping in vain for Genoese aid. His domains passed to the despotate of Morea and into Byzantine hands.
After his death, the widowed princess of Centurione was targeted by Thomas. According to Chalkokondyles, Asenina Palaiologina was imprisoned at Chlemoutsi castle, where she would spend the rest of her days. It has been suggested that Thomas accused his mother-in-law of scheming against him, presumably to place her son John on the throne.
Sphrantzes in his Short History mentions a Kydonides Tzamblakon next to Thomas Palaiologos, that he calls the most beloved uncle of his wife Catherine. At 1459 this man helped Thomas in his war against his brother Demetrios Palaiologos. Kydonides Tzamblakon was married to a sister of Princess Asenina Palaiologina, while Sphrantzes himself was married to Helena Tzamblakina, a niece of the princess.
Family
From his marriage to the Asenina Palaiologina lady, Centurione had four children:
| 2.15625
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75738254
|
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Yosif%20Buzurtanov
|
Yosif Buzurtanov
|
Yosif Buzurtanov () — an Ingush mountaineer and hunter, also called Yosif the Mokhevian, the first person to ascend Mount Kazbek in the Caucasus in the second half of the 18th century. Yosif Buzurtanov was a resident of the medieval village (aul) Gveleti (), abode of the Ingush clan Gelatkhoy.
History
Prince Ioane of Georgia, in his manuscript Kalmasoba, mentions Yosif as the first to ascend the mountain peak of Kazbek (; ) in the late eighteenth century during the reign of Heraclius II of Georgia.
Member of the in Pyatigorsk, associate professor Yakov Frolov, after studying the history of the conquest of Mount Kazbek, asserted that the first climber to the top of mountain was Yosif Buzurtanov. Yakov Frolov conducted a scrupulous survey among the centenarians of various regions adjacent to Kazbek. Residents of the Ingush foothill village of Akhki-Yurt (located in modern-day Prigorodny district) acclaimed that Yosif, a native of the village of Gveleti, was the first to climb to the top of Mount Kazbek. Famous climber Yagor Kazalikashvili reported in the early 20th century, with reference to the information given by elderly inhabitants of the Kazbek region, that “the pioneer was an Ingush hunter from Gveleti who was looking for the treasure of Queen Tamara”, a rumor which had long existed among local mountaineers.
| 2.328125
| 0
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75738269
|
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Harriet%20Ryan%20Albee
|
Harriet Ryan Albee
|
Obtaining sufficient encouragement in her benevolent idea from the rich women of Boston, Albee applied to Rev. Dr. Ezra Stiles Gannett's Society, for leave to occupy an apartment, formerly the vestry of his church, the Federal Street Church. Permission was readily granted, and when the society learned for what purpose the room was to be used, they offered it to her rent-free, a benefaction she gladly accepted. In remembrance of this act of kindness, she named her institution The Channing Home for Sick and Destitute Women, the church being that in which Dr. William Ellery Channing had been accustomed to preach. Here, the Channing Home was first opened in May 1857.
Albee continued with her work as a hairdresser. On May 1, 1870, the Home moved to larger quarters at 30 McLean Street. Until her death, Albee was devoted to the Home and actively directed its affairs. Upon her death, Albee's half-sister, Eliza McDonnell, immediately took over as matron.
Personal life
On September 1, 1864, in Boston, she married John Albee V (1833-1915), a writer and Unitarian minister. In the following year, they purchased a property in New Castle, New Hampshire. They lived for many years in the town's historical Jaffrey Cottage, one of the oldest houses in the state. Here, at Jaffrey Cottage, they entertained Alexander Graham Bell, Anna Bowman Dodd, Mary Baker Eddy, Ralph Waldo Emerson, James T. Fields, John Fiske, Henry Wadsworth Longfellow, James Russell Lowell, Harriet Beecher Stowe, Celia Thaxter, and John Greenleaf Whittier.
The couple had four children: Harriet, Esther, Robert, and Louisa.
Death and legacy
Harriet Ryan Albee died in Boston of consumption in the Home she founded on May 2, 1873.
A sketch of her life was written in 1901 by James De Normandie, D.D.
The Harriet Ryan Albee Professorship of Microbiology and Immunobiology at Harvard Medical School and Brigham and Women's Hospital was first held by Dr. Elliott D. Kieff; Dr. Daniel Kuritzkes succeeded him.
| 2.375
| 0
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75738741
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Poecilia%20orri
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Poecilia orri
|
Poecilia orri, the mangrove molly, is a brackish-water livebearer fish from Central America. Two morphs exist, differing in size, body shape, and coloring.
Description
Two morphs of the mangrove molly exist: P. orri "orri" and P. orri "vetiprovidentiae". The former is smaller, has no visible markings on its body, and only has a little black spot on its dorsal fin. The medium-size P. orri "vetiprovidentiae" is a larger and deeper-bodied morph with a spotted dorsal fin. Alpha males of the latter morph normally have a humeral spot and a red or yellow dorsal fin. Both sexes differ between the morphs. Intermediate forms have not been reported.
Taxonomy
P. orri was first described by Henry Weed Fowler, who in 1943 found them on Bonacca Island. A few years later, Fowler described P. vetiprovidentiae from Old Providence Island. Donn Eric Rosen and Reeve Maclaren Bailey (1963) regarded both as synonyms of P. sphenops. In 1983, Robert Rush Miller revalidated P. orri as a distinct species and made P. vetiprovidentiae its synonym.
P. orri belongs to the shortfin molly (P. mexicana) complex in the subgenus Mollienesia. P. gillii, P. mexicana, and P. butleri are closely related to P. orri. P. vandepolli is very similar and may be identical to P. orri.
Distribution and habitat
P. orri is distributed from the eastern side of the Yucatán Peninsula in the Mexican states of Yucatan and Quintana Roo through Belize to northern Honduras, including Bay Islands and Hog Island, as well as Colombia's Old Providence Island.
The preferred habitats of P. orri are coastal lagoons, coral reefs, ponds, and river mouths. In creeks close to Belize City it occurs with the closely related P. mexicana. Although essentially a brackish water species, it can live and reproduce in both freshwater and saltwater habitats. The two morphs, P. orri "orri" and P. orri "vetiprovidentiae", occur in the same range but occupy different microhabitats.
Behavior
| 1.976563
| 0
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75738910
|
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Reality%20%28Jacek%20Malczewski%29
|
Reality (Jacek Malczewski)
|
Reality (Polish: Rzeczywistość) is an oil-on-canvas painting by the Polish Symbolist painter Jacek Malczewski. The painting was completed in 1908 and is considered among the most notable works in the artist's oeuvre.
Description
The painting measures 115 cm by 209 cm and depicts a Nativity scene in which ten figures are presented: Virgin Mary, Christ Child, three angels, three 19th-century Polish insurrectionists, Stańczyk and Malczewski himself. The composition is dominated by vivid colours.
History and analysis
The painting was created by Malczewski in 1908. In 1910, it was reproduced in an album of Malczewski's works issued by the Polish Painters Salon in Kraków, which testifies to the early recognition and importance of this work in the artist's output. In 1914, Reality was presented in Tygodnik Illustrowany weekly. The painting was last seen in public in 1926 at an exhibition in Lwów (now Lviv, Ukraine).
For almost a century, its later whereabouts were unknown. In 2021, the artwork was rediscovered in a private collection of Polish and German art and acquired by DESA Unicum auction house. The re-emergence of the painting is viewed as an important event in Polish art history due to the fact that Reality is counted among the most significant symbolist works by Malczewski in which the painter touches upon the theme of the vocation of the artist, patriotic role of art as well as romantic and national myths, similarly to his Vicious Circle or Melancholia.
| 2.125
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75739122
|
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/186th%20Rifle%20Division%20%281939%20formation%29
|
186th Rifle Division (1939 formation)
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Battles for Rzhev
The second phase of the Rzhev-Vyazma operation began at the start of February, when German forces launched counterstrokes in all the main directions of the Soviet operations. The Soviet armies were significantly weakened from casualties and were mostly operating on very tenuous supply lines. All efforts to liberate Vyazma had failed. On February 5, most of Kalinin Front's 29th Army was cut off from 39th Army and encircled. After several attempts to rejoin with 39th, by mid-month it was decided to regroup to join hands with 22nd Army. By the end of February only 5,200 personnel had managed to escape. Meanwhile, the 22nd was attempting to finally seize Bely as a preliminary to eliminating the German Olenino grouping, but this was unsuccessful. At the same time, General Zygin left the 186th, being replaced by Maj. Mikhail Ivanovich Nikitin. Within days, Zygin would take command of the 158th Rifle Division, and would subsequently lead four different armies, including the 39th during Operation Mars, before being killed in action on September 27, 1943. Nikitin would be promoted to the rank of lieutenant colonel on May 19.
| 2.4375
| 0
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75739122
|
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/186th%20Rifle%20Division%20%281939%20formation%29
|
186th Rifle Division (1939 formation)
|
46th Corps continued to expand its bridgehead at 1000 hours on April 22, following a massive artillery strike, and by the end of the day had reached a line from Hohen Zaden to the eastern outskirts of Kolbitzow. As German resistance weakened, by the end of April 24 the Corps had reached a line from the outskirts of Pritzlow to Schmellentin to height 76.2. The next day it got as far as Barnimslow with its front facing northwards towards the Baltic coast. During April 25 the Army was approaching the German second defense line, which was based on the Randow River. With the support of the 1st Guards Tanks it advanced up to 10 km on its left flank. 3rd Panzer Army threw in what little it had in reserves, including the 1st Marine Division, the 389th Infantry and 549th Volksgrenadier Divisions, and an SS brigade. These launched 13 counterattacks in company to battalion strength, supported by armor, but all failed to halt the advance. 46th Corps reached a line from Karow to Hohenhof Creek, again facing north.
On April 26 the 105th Rifle Corps took Stettin by storm while the 46th and 18th Rifle Corps attacked to the northwest, forced the Randow and broke through the second German defensive zone. During this fighting the latter two corps repulsed four German counterattacks carried out by the 50th SS Police Brigade, remnants of the 610th Reserve Division and 1st Marine Division. By the end of the day, after an advance of 10–12 km, they reached a line from Saltsow to Wollschow to Battin. German resistance along the lower Oder was now effectively crushed. As a result, on the following day the Army, still with 1st Guards Tanks, covered 20–22 km, and the remainder of the campaign was a rapid advance of up to 34 km per day against small covering detachments. During May 4–5 the 186th joined forces of 2nd Shock Army's 108th Rifle Corps in clearing the island of Rügen, where it ended the war.
| 1.953125
| 0
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75739333
|
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kurdish%20horse
|
Kurdish horse
|
History
The Kurdish horse is believed to be descended from an extinct population of horses named "Nesayee." As of 2022, the Kurdish horse population in Iran was estimated at 2,700 individuals. The horse was first bred in the province of Kermanshah (also known by Kurds as Kirmaşan), and later was brought to the Kurdish regions of Iraq, Turkey, and Syria. The horse was bred and used by Kurds for several millennia until today. The horse has an ability to survive in moderately-cold climates and mountainous regions, which have made it resistant to harsh environmental conditions.
In popular culture
During the 1991 Iraqi uprisings, the Peshmerga (when they were a rebel group rather than an official armed force) rode the Kurdish horses and used them to transport weapons thru the mountains. In 2019, Iran hosted the first National Kurdish Horse Beauty Festival in Ardebil province. A two-day festival dedicated to the breed was held in Kermanshah province in 2023. A festival was also held for it during 2023 in Sulaymaniyah. In May 2024, the third such festival was held to celebrate the breed.
Status
In January 2023, the Kurdish horse was added to the National Intangible Cultural Heritage list of Iran.
In December 2022, Iran announced they were developing a dossier for the horse for a possible inscription on the UNESCO World Heritage list. In November 2023, Iran and Iraq announced they were seeking a shared UNESCO status for the breed.
| 3.078125
| 0
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75740073
|
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rupy%20C.%20Tut
|
Rupy C. Tut
|
Rupy C. Tut (born ) is an Indian-born American visual artist. She specializes in Indian miniature paintings. Tut is based in Oakland, California.
Early life and education
Tut's grandparents were displaced during the Partition of India. She was born in Chandigarh and lived in the state of Punjab in India until her family relocated to Southern California in the United States when she was eleven or twelve.
In 2006, she graduated from UCLA with a degree in evolutionary and ecological biology and a minor in South Asian studies. She then attended Loma Linda University, graduating with a master's in global health in 2009. She married, and in 2011, moved to the Bay Area.
Artwork
While applying for jobs in public health, Tut began painting and studied traditional Pahari painting from 2016 to 2021. She makes her own pigments and uses hemp paper or linen. Her work focuses on women, heritage, and the natural world.
Tut's paintings have been displayed at various institutions, including the De Young Museum and the Asian Art Museum. She has had solo shows at the Triton Museum of Art, the Jessica Silverman gallery, and the Institute of Contemporary Art San Francisco.
| 2.296875
| 0
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75740097
|
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Olga%20Druce
|
Olga Druce
|
Olga Druce was an American radio and television producer, public speaker, and actress.
Early years
Born Olga Droshnicop, Druce was the daughter of Mr. and Mrs. Samuel Droshnicop, and she had a sister. Her father was a businessman in imports and exports. After attending Girls' High School in Brooklyn, New York, Druce graduated from Smith College in 1931. At Smith she chaired the Senior Dramatics Committee and had the lead in the senior play, portraying Katharina in The Taming of the Shrew. She also was a member of Phi Kappa Psi honorary society and the Dramatic Association and was an honor graduate. She studied at the University of Berlin, the University of Munich, and the Max Reinhardt School in Germany. Her activities in writing and producing plays began during her time at the Reinhardt School, as did her work with children. While she was in Germany, she also acted in provincial theaters. She returned to the United States, where she had been born, "after the Reichstag fire and the advent of Hitler".
Career
Stage and career change
Druce acted in the Broadway plays Judgment Day, Moon Over Mulberry Street, Eternal Road, and Time of Your Life before her interests changed and she began to focus more on children. Critic Burns Mantle wrote of her work in Moon over Mulberry Street, "There is a pleasant young woman named Olga Druce who does nicely by the ingenue role." Another review of the same play said, "I recommend the quiet acting of Miss Druce as Nina, particularly."
| 2.125
| 0
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75740246
|
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ferocactus%20uncinatus
|
Ferocactus uncinatus
|
Ferocactus uncinatus is a species of Ferocactus found in Mexico and United States in Texas.
Description
Ferocactus uncinatus typically grows alone, with bluish-green, spherical to cylindrical shoots ranging from in height and in diameter. It has about 13 wavy ribs with pronounced tubercles, and sharp furrows between the ridges. The one to five central spines are hook-shaped, yellow with a reddish tip, and long, pointing upwards or obliquely outwards. There are seven to ten radial spines, long, with the upper ones flat and brightly colored, and the lower ones hook-shaped and somewhat purple.
Its funnel-shaped flowers, reddish-brown in color, emerge from the furrows of the areoles. They are long and have a diameter of .
Distribution
Ferocactus uncinatus is found in southern Texas and in the Mexican states of Coahuila, Nuevo León, and Tamaulipas growing in scrub and limestone or calcareous soils at elevations of 900 to 1550 meters.
Taxonomy
The species was first described as Echinocactus uncinatus by Ludwig Georg Karl Pfeiffer in 1848. The specific epithet "uncinatus" comes from Latin, meaning "hooked," referring to the hook-shaped central thorns of the species. Nathaniel Lord Britton and Joseph Nelson Rose moved the species to the genus Ferocactus in 1922.
| 2.578125
| 0
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75740446
|
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Annemarie%20Jutel
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Annemarie Jutel
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Annemarie Goldstein Jutel (born 1958) is a New Zealand academic, and is a full professor at Victoria University of Wellington, specialising in the sociology of medical diagnosis.
Academic career
Jutel was born in 1958. She trained as a nurse at the Ecole d'infirmieres in Nantes, and then worked in France, the US and Aotearoa New Zealand in medical oncology, pediatric intensive care nurse, NICU and as a first responder. She then transferred from clinical practice into academia, completing a PhD titled Visions of vice: appearance and policy in feminine self-scrutiny at the University of Otago in 2000. Jutel then joined the faculty of the Te Herenga Waka - Victoria University of Wellington, rising to full professor in 2016.
Jutel researches the sociology of medical diagnosis. She has examined how social and cultural aspects affect the experience of health, illness,and disease. She is also interested in how diagnoses are represented in literature and popular culture. Jutel has published on how using diagnostic frameworks outside of medical settings, for instance seeking a medical reason for the behaviour of a children's book character or a politician, can shut down other possible explanations. Jutel regards a diagnosis as not just a disease label but a social phenomenon, and has written about the hierarchy of diagnoses, the medicalisation of daily life, self-diagnosis, and stillbirth.
She has published three books, Putting a Name to It: Diagnosis in Contemporary Society, published by Johns Hopkins University Press in 2011, and Diagnosis: Truths and Tales, published by University of Toronto Press in 2019, and The Sociology of Diagnosis: A Brief Guide with Edward Elgar in 2024. She also co-edited with Kevin Dew the 2014 book by Johns Hopkins University Press, Social Issues in Diagnosis: An Introduction for Students and Clinicians. as well as special issues of Social Science and Medicine, Perspectives on Biology and Medicine and The Sociology of Health and Illness.
| 2.09375
| 0
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75740456
|
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jack%20Blomley
|
Jack Blomley
|
Jack Blomley (7 March 1927 — 15 February 1973) was an Australian rugby union international.
Originally from Tumbarumba near the Snowy Mountains, Blomley was educated in Sydney at St Joseph's College. He was a Combined GPS representative in 1944 and played first-grade for Sydney University during his medical studies.
Blomley, an inside centre, was capped seven times for the Wallabies, debuting in 1949 with three home Tests against the NZ Māori team. He played both Tests on that year's tour of New Zealand, with the Wallabies winning an away series over the All Blacks for the first time, then a further two Tests against the 1950 British Lions. After time out game as he completed his medical degree, Blomley returned for the 1953 tour of South Africa and had the distinction of captaining the Wallabies against Griqualand West, although an ankle injury suffered in the match kept him out of the Test series.
Retiring after the South Africa tour, Blomley moved to Newcastle and established a medical practice. He served as a volunteer medical officer with the Royal Australian Army Medical Corps in Vietnam for most of 1967.
Blomley died of a heart attack in 1973 at the age of 45.
| 2.296875
| 0
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75740465
|
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Badre%20Alam%20Merathi
|
Badre Alam Merathi
|
In 1927, he, along with Anwar Shah Kashmiri and Shabbir Ahmad Usmani, migrated to Jamia Islamia Talimuddin. For seventeen years, he engaged in teaching hadith at Jamia Islamia Talimuddin, covering texts such as Sunan al-Tirmidhi, Shama'il al-Muhammadiyya, and Mishkat al-Masabih. He also continued participating in Anwar Shah Kashmiri's classes on Sahih al-Bukhari and Sunan al-Tirmidhi for five years.
After Dabhel, he moved to Bahawalnagar, Punjab, established Jam'ul Uloom, and stayed for a year there. He then came to Delhi and became associated with Nadwatul Musannifeen in 1943. After the partition of India in 1947, he migrated to Karachi, Pakistan, and, under the patronage of Shabbir Ahmad Usmani founded Jamia Islamia at Tando Allahyar. Following Pakistan's formation, he actively participated in the formulation of an Islamic constitution.
After residing for four years in Pakistan, he migrated to Medina. Abd al-Fattah Abu Ghudda met him in Medina, benefited from him, and later narrated hadiths from him.
Known as Qutb al-Aarifeen, he received Sufi teachings from Khalil Ahmad Saharanpuri, associated with Aziz-ul-Rahman Usmani, and ultimately received spiritual succession from Muhammad Ishaq Merathi. He died on 29 October 1965, in Prophet's Mosque, and was laid to rest in Al-Baqi Cemetery. His influence extended to Pakistan, India, South Africa, and the Middle East.
| 2.03125
| 0
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75741010
|
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Just%20Transition%20Mechanism
|
Just Transition Mechanism
|
Lack of funding, allocation and eligibility criteria
Recent research has highlighted the lack of sufficient funding for the Just Transition Fund in order to meet the EU's 2030 and 2050 climate goals. Critics believe that the 17.5 billion euros of the Just Transition Fund and the overall 55 billion euros comprising the Just Transition Mechanism are inadequate to cover the social costs associated with the transition toward climate neutrality. The Bankwatch Network (2021) argues that the Just Transition Fund is minuscule- between 1% and 3%- to effectively support the transition of these regions. The primary beneficiaries are anticipated to be Germany, Poland, and Romania, while Estonia, Bulgaria, and the Czech Republic will experience the highest aid intensity per capita. The skeptical viewpoint presented by Theisen (2020) suggests that the Just Transition Fund may serve as a tool for the European Commission to secure political support from Eastern member states for the EU's Climate Law and 2050 carbon neutrality.
| 2.03125
| 0
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75741010
|
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Just%20Transition%20Mechanism
|
Just Transition Mechanism
|
Lack of gender inclusive policies
Even though gender equality and the Just Transition are top priorities for the European Commission, the degree to which the European Green Deal and the Just Transition Mechanism foster a “just” and “socially fair” transition has been subject to scrutiny. Scholars and civil society organizations argue that the European Green Deal has paid little attention to gender, often characterizing it as “gender-blind” and arguing that the concepts of “climate justice” and “gender justice” may be constrained within its framework. Some studies are even calling for a reconceptualization of the European Green Deal, or even a “feminist European Green Deal”, suggesting the need to shift its focus from being a “growth strategy” primarily concerned with expanding the economy to a genuine well-being policy centered on nurturing both people and the planet.
A male dominated workforce
A key critique of the Just Transition Mechanism and the distribution of funds is target specific industries characterized by a male dominated workforce. The World Resources Institute underscores the potential for the shift to renewable energy to create 18 million jobs globally by 2030, but this transition is anticipated to result in the loss of around 6 million jobs in high-carbon sectors. The International Renewable Energy Agency (IRENA) plays a crucial role in guiding nations toward sustainable energy sources. As per IRENA's Annual Review (2023), Europe collectively held 1.8 million jobs in the renewable energy sector, with approximately 1.6 million within the 27 member states of the European Union (EU-27). Notably, women constitute less than one-third (32%) of the renewable energy workforce.
| 2.34375
| 0
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75741333
|
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Peckham%20Rock
|
Peckham Rock
|
Peckham Rock, also called Wall Art, is a 2005 artwork by British street artist Banksy, in the form of a lump of concrete decorated in the style of a cave painting and depicting "a supposed prehistoric figure pushing a shopping trolley". It was originally displayed in the British Museum, without the knowledge of the museum staff, after being installed there by Banksy.
Original installation
Peckham Rock is a piece of concrete, approximately 15 cm × 25 cm, supposedly sourced from Peckham but actually from Hackney. It depicts a buffalo, pierced by arrows, and a "lumbering hominin-like figure" pushing a shopping trolley.
In a 2005 art intervention, Banksy clandestinely attached the rock to a wall in the "Roman Britain" collection of the British Museum, with a placard in the style of the museum with the title "Wall art" that dated the piece to the "post catatonic era" and credited it to a little-known artist named "Banksymus Maximus".
The work went undiscovered for "several days", with later sources giving more specific but inconsistent amounts of time ranging from "three days", to "weeks". It was not the first such installation by Banksy; in 2003, he similarly hung a painting in the Tate, and earlier in 2005, he installed a fake beetle in the American Museum of Natural History in New York.
Subsequent exhibits
After Peckham Rock was removed from the British Museum's walls, it was re-exhibited in 2005 at the Outside Institute in London, listed as on loan from Banksy and the British Museum.
Banksy stated that he did not intend to retrieve Peckham Rock, and the British Museum wrote at the time that they were accepting it "as a donation to its collections". However, it was eventually labelled as "lost property" and returned to Banksy. The only Banksy work actually in the museum's permanent collection is a counterfeit ten-pound note featuring Princess Diana.
Peckham Rock returned to public display in the British Museum in 2018, on loan from Banksy, for an exhibit on protest art titled "I object".
| 2.21875
| 0
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75741922
|
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bungo%20Kokubun-ji
|
Bungo Kokubun-ji
|
Bungo Kokubun-ji ruins
As a result of excavations, the original temple area has been determined to have been 183 meters east-to-west and 300 meters north-to-south. Inside this enclosure, the central gate, main hall, lecture hall, and dining hall were lined up from north-to-south, and a seven-storied pagoda was located to the southwest of the main hall, indicating that the layout of the temple of Daikandai-ji in Asuka was used as a template. The pagoda foundations were 18 meters on each side, indicating that the original structure had an estimated height of over 60 meters, making it one of the largest pagodas of any kokubunji. The cornerstones of the original Kondō were moved when the current Yakushi-dō was built, but it can be estimated that it was a seven by four bay structure.
Approximately 3.3 hectares of the site is now the Bungo Kokubunji Ruins Historic Site Park. Additionally, the Oita City Historical Museum has been constructed on adjacent land, displaying a restored model of Bungo Kokubunji's seven-storied pagoda and artifacts excavated. It is a two-minute walk from the JR Kyushu Kyūdai Main Line Bungo-Kokubu Station.
| 2.609375
| 0
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75742095
|
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Indium%28I%29%20chloride
|
Indium(I) chloride
|
Indium(I) chloride (also indium monochloride) is the chemical compound with the formula InCl. Indium monochloride occurs as a yellow cubic form below 120 °C and above this temperature as a red orthorhombic form.
InCl is one of three known indium chlorides.
Synthesis and structure
InCl can be prepared by heating indium metal with indium trichloride in a sealed tube.
According to X-ray crystallography, the structure of the yellow polymorph resembles that of sodium chloride except that the Cl-In-Cl angles are not 90°, but range between 71 and 130°. The red (high T) polymorph crystallizes in the thallium(I) iodide motif.
Reactivity
The relatively high energy level of the 5s electrons of the indium center make InCl susceptible to oxidation as well as disproportionation into In(0) and InCl3. Tetrahydrofuran (THF) appears to facilitate the disproptionation of InCl as well as other indium(I) halides.
History
Indium(I) chloride was first isolated in 1926 as part of an investigation on the compounds formed between indium and chlorine.
| 2.09375
| 0
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75742254
|
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hugo%20L.%20Black%20United%20States%20Courthouse
|
Hugo L. Black United States Courthouse
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The Hugo L. Black United States Courthouse is a United States courthouse of the United States District Court for the Northern District of Alabama. Located at 1729 North 5th Avenue in Birmingham, Alabama, it was completed in 1987, and named in honor of U.S. Supreme Court Justice Hugo Black on November 10, 1987, through legislation introduced in the U.S. House of Representatives by Representative Ben Erdreich of Alabama.
Honoring Justice Black with a courthouse bearing his name is historically significant as he had once been ostracised from Birmingham society due to his support of the desegregation of public schools. In 1959, the State of Alabama punished Justice Black for joining and authoring anti-discrimination opinions by passing a law barring his burial in his home state upon his death. After 34 years of service, Black retired from the court in 1971 and died a week later. He is buried in Arlington National Cemetery with a small headstone that notes his naval service, but not his service as a Supreme Court justice.
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75742675
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Antonette%20Mendes
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Antonette Mendes
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Antonette Mendes (born Maria Antonia D'Souza; 10 May 1944 – 7 April 2024) was an Indian singer, actress, playwright, and theatre director known for her work in Konkani films and tiatr productions. Referred to as the "Melody Queen", she was known as the "queen of the Konkani stage", prior to Lorna Cordeiro's emergence in the Konkani music scene.
Early life
Antonette Mendes, originally named Maria Antonia D'Souza, was born on 10 May 1944, in Princess Street, Chira Bazaar, Bombay, which was part of the Bombay Presidency during British India (now Mumbai, Maharashtra). Her father, A. K. D'Souza, was a sailor, as well as a known figure in the theatrical realm, as an actor, director, and writer. Her mother, Innocencia D'Souza, fulfilled the role of a homemaker within the family.
As the eldest child, Mendes displayed a deep love for music and actively engaged in a variety of co-curricular pursuits during her schooling years. She had a brother Joaquim, and a sister named Fatima, who has made a name for herself as a Konkani actress. Their father enjoyed a close professional relationship with prominent figures in the dramatic arts, such as Minguel Rod and the trio Kid-Young-Rod (Kid Boxer, Young Menezes, and Minguel Rod).
Career
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75743073
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Battle%20of%20Cuchilla%20del%20Tambo
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Battle of Cuchilla del Tambo
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Background
The United Provinces of New Granada had declared its independence from Spain in 1811, and by 1815 controlled large parts of present-day Colombia. But in 1815, after the defeat of Napoleon, the restored King Ferdinand VII of Spain had sent a large fleet under command of Pablo Morillo to restore order in the colonies and destroy the Republic.
Pablo Morillo and his veteran troops besieged and straved in to submission the major port city of Cartagena de Indias between 26 August and 6 December 1815.
Spanish Brigadier Sebastián de la Calzada and his 5th Division was sent south and, after defeating the Patriot troops at the battles of Bálaga and Cachirí, occupied the capital Santafé de Bogotá on 6 May 1816.
The Republicans now only controlled the area around the cities of Popayán and Cali, but were attacked from 3 sides.
From Quito and Peru, Royalist forces were sent north to Pasto for a major offensive against Popayán.
They were commanded by Brigadier Juan de Sámano, who established his headquarters in Pasto. At the same time, from Cartagena de Indias, Pablo Morillo advanced south at the head of his expeditionary force. To the east, Bogota and the center of the country were occupied by the Spanish generals La Torre and Calzada.
In May 1816, Sámano left Pasto towards Popayán and camped with 1,400 men on the cuchilla del Tambo. During this time, the Republican troops were based in Popayán under the command of General José María Cabal, but he is replaced by Lieutenant-Colonel Liborio Mejía for being over-cautious. The new commander of the Patriot troops now took the bold decision to attack the Royalist forces rather than surrender.
The Battle
On 27 June 1816, Lt. Colonel Liborio Mejía and the army of the south set out in search of the enemy. The next day, June 28, they arrived at the village of Pingua where they were sighted by some advanced royal troops, who then received orders from Brigadier Juan de Sámano to fallback towards the fortified positions on the ridge.
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75743413
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mohammed%20Yakub
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Mohammed Yakub
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Military career
Yaqub was a graduate of the Ryazan Higher Airborne Command School and a commando school in the USSR, therefore qualifying him to become a paratrooper of the 444th Commando Battalion. He wore “first class” jump wings, adorning three stars, meaning he was equivalent to a master paratrooper. He was involved in the Saur Revolution, alongside other Khalqist officers and army personnel, overthrowing the Republican government of President Mohammad Daoud Khan. After the coup, he commanded the elite Afghan Presidential Guard, sometimes referred to as the Afghan Republican Guard, holding the rank of a Major. On 1 April 1979, Yaqub replaced Mohammad Aslam Watanjar as the Chief of General Staff and was promoted to the rank of Lieutenant Colonel, with Watanjar becoming the Minister of Defence. As most Afghan Army officers were Parchamites, they were answerable to Watanjar, who was also a Parchamite. As a result of these changes in military posts, a compromise would have to be found as Nur Muhammad Taraki was supported by Watanjar, whereas Hafizullah Amin relied on the support of Yaqub. However, in June 1979, Amin would become the Minister of National Defense and thus the military was in the hands of both Yaqub and Amin.
Mohammed Yaqub led units of the Afghan Army who were loyal to Hafizullah Amin, which eventually resulted in Taraki and his supporters from being removed from power on 14 September 1979. On October 23, 1979, Yaqub would be elected as a member of the Central Committee of the People's Democratic Party of Afghanistan. In the book “Secret Commander” by Colonel General Yuri Vladimirovich Tukharinov, Yaqub is described as a “strong-willed” and “decisive” military commander.
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75743431
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Victoria%20Romana%20%28Hadrian%27s%20Library%29
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Victoria Romana (Hadrian's Library)
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The Victoria Romana from Hadrian's Library () is a large sculpture of the Greek goddess of victory Nike (known to the Romans as Victoria) that once adorned Hadrian's Library, a large library built in Athens by the Roman Emperor Hadrian () during the second century AD. It was probably created much earlier, during the first century BC, perhaps to memorate some victory of Emperor Augustus.
The larger-than-lifesize marble statue was unearthed in the Library's plot in 1988 and it is missing its head, arms, wings and left leg below the knee. It is now exhibited in a small exhibition room in the Library along with several other findings from the site. The statue and the exhibition room are currently not available to the public.
History
Dating
The dating of the Victoria Romana from Hadrian's Library has been a difficult task. The sculpture, defined by its mature classical character, is very similar to creations of the late fifth century BC, but nevertheless it is without a doubt that the Victoria is an original Roman work without any previous parallel. The most agreed consensus places the creation of the Victoria during the first century BC during the Augustan and pre-Hadrianic period; after Emperor Augustus's victory over the Parthians in 18 BC, he must have dedicated the statue during his stay in Athens, during which he also financed the completion of the Roman Agora of the city. The Victoria Romana would have been placed at the front of the facade. Later during Hadrian's reign it transferred to the Library, and put somewhere at the south wing.
Hadrian probably chose this statue to adorn his library as a tribute to Augustus, and deliberate imitation of him. Following the year 123, AD Hadrian abandoned his previous title of Imperator Caesar Traianus Hadrianus Augustus and adopted the epithet Hadrianus Augustus instead, as he aspired to be identified as the new Augustus.
| 2.25
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75743431
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Victoria%20Romana%20%28Hadrian%27s%20Library%29
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Victoria Romana (Hadrian's Library)
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Discovery
The Victoria Romana was recovered from the well of an Ottoman cistern at the south wing of the facade of Hadrian's Library during excavations in 1988. It took its name from the sculptural theme it belongs to, that of the "Roman victory".
During excavations some years later in 1999 a fragment of a parallel statue was unearthed; an oversized globe with a portion of the right foot of a figure on it. It was found embedded into an Ottoman-era well. Just like the statue of Victoria, the missing figure was not standing completely upright, but tilted to the right. This fragment measures 54 cm in height and 40 cm in width (21 in × 16 in). The discovery of this second globe that no doubt belonged to another Victoria statue confirms that there existed a group of Victoriae Romanae in the Library, among several other colossal statues.
Description
With a height of 2.55 m, the white marble statue of Victoria is over lifesize, and has been categorized as a statue of the Victoria Romana type. The goddess is depicted dressed in peplos, and landing from the sky. The Victoria's right foot rests onto a large globe, while her advancing left leg is only fragmentarily preserved, missing from below the knee. Both of her non-preserved arms were raised. The goddess's wings are also missing, as is her head, although a fragmentary head belonging to a female figure was found later in 1992 within short distance and has been attributed to this statue, based mainly on the matching size. That head, however, has not been reattached to the headless sculpture.
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75743431
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Victoria%20Romana%20%28Hadrian%27s%20Library%29
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Victoria Romana (Hadrian's Library)
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The rear side of the sculpture is not as elaborately carved as the front, whereas at the lower part, a deep square socket is preserved for the insertion of a metal tie beam through which the statue was firmly secured in place, meaning that the Victoria was installed at a great height in the Library. In order to render her landing, the statue has been carved so that it deviates from its vertical axis, leaning intensely forward. Meanwhile, the wind illusion is achieved by the moving drapery of her garment, which creates many folds around Victoria's legs as it swirls, leaving one breast exposed. The sculpture is a masterfully created one, by a sculptor whose identity remains unknown. Her drapery is free, deeply carved and following the figure's movement. In order to separate the folds drill was used, but the marks would not have been visible at such great height the Victoria was placed. Additionally, the edges of Victoria's garment, especially those on the back side are not rendered in detail, and stand in contrast to the plain and elegant folds of the statues in Augustus's age.
Victoria, like Nike before her, was often depicted holding wreaths, bowls, cups or even lyres, but never with globes in archaic Greek art; Nike had never been shown on a globe until Emperor Augustus popularised this image on a denarius in 31 BC. It is possible that the globe imagery originated from a statue of Nike/Victoria from Tarentum, although there is no solid historical evidence for that assumption.
| 2.59375
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75744021
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Karabo%20%28software%29
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Karabo (software)
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Karabo is an open source SCADA (supervisory control and data acquisition) framework developed at the European X-ray Free Electron Laser facility since 2010. The framework can be used to build a distributed control system, in which concrete functionality such as hardware control, or a command sequence, is implemented in form of so-called devices. Devices may be implemented in Python or C++.
Similar to systems like EPICS and TANGO, Karabo is developed chiefly with control of large scientific infrastructure and experiments in mind. The system emphasises fully asynchronous, and event driven distributed messaging via a central message broker (AMQP/RabbitMQ). Developers can additionally leverage tightly integrated peer-to-peer (P2P) TCP channels to transfer large data volumes at rates of multiple gigabytes per second. A standalone graphical user interface (GUI) client application, which can be used to design and view synaptic views of the distributed system, is provided alongside the framework.
At the European XFEL, Karabo is used to operate the photon systems and experiment end stations (instruments) of the facility. In 2023, the EuXFEL control system integrated 3.5 million control parameters distributed over 25,000 devices on ca. 100 physical servers. Additionally, the facility's scientific data acquisition system, and online detector calibration pipelines are implemented in Karabo, and process data rates of approximately 20Gbyte/s.
Karabo is free and open source software under the MPL2 (framework) and GPL3 (GUI application) licenses.
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75744831
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Carmen%20Scheibenbogen
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Carmen Scheibenbogen
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Carmen Scheibenbogen (born 16 March 1962) is a German immunologist who is the acting director of the Institute for Medical Immunology of the Charité university hospital in Berlin. She specialises in hematology (blood and blood diseases), oncology and immunology. She leads the Outpatient Clinic for Immunodeficiency and the Fatigue Centre at the Charité hospital. She is one of the few doctors specialised in myalgic encephalomyelitis/chronic fatigue syndrome (ME/CFS) in Germany, and also researches long COVID.
Career
Scheibenborgen started her study of medicine in Bonn in 1982 and finished it in Marburg. During her studies she spent half a year in Denver in the US, working in a hospital there, and developed a passion for the immune system. She continued as a research assistant at the University of Freiburg, and trained in rheumatology and hemo-oncology in Heidelberg.
In 1998 she founded a group around tumor immunology at the Charité university hospital in Berlin, and became the director of the Institute of Immunology there in 2007. Her work moved towards care for myalgic encephalomyelitis/chronic fatigue syndrome a few years later, and after realising care options were limited, focussed on expanding these. In 2015 she founded the European Network on ME/CFS and three years later she opened the Charité Fatigue Centre. She received a €10 million grant build a study group to test treatments for people with ME/CFS from the German Federal Ministry of Education and Research.
In 2022, she received the German Cross of Merit for her work around ME/CFS. Patients and their family had put her name forward to be considered.
Research
Scheibenborgen studies the role of autoimmunity in ME/CFS. Her group found that in a subset of people with ME/CFS, there are autoantibodies to neurotransmitter and nuclear receptors. She hypothesized in a series of papers with Klaus Wirth that autoimmunity may explain the diverse symptoms of ME/CFS in a subset of patients, including muscle weakness and the neurological symptoms.
| 1.914063
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75745970
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hacienda%20Demi%C3%B1ho
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Hacienda Demiñho
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Hacienda Demiñho (also known as Deminyo) is located near Tunititlán in the Chilcuautla municipality in the state of Hidalgo in central Mexico. An extensive former Spanish plantation, it relied on cattle ranching, agriculture production, and property rental to become one of the most important haciendas in the Mezquital Valley region. Following its destruction during the Mexican Revolution, it is no longer in use. Today, farmers use the manor's abandoned ruins to store their agricultural items and local municipal authorities use it as a makeshift site for cultural events.
Toponymy
The name Demiñho is a term in Otomi language. Demiñho means "of the Coyote" or "pass of the Coyote". It comes from the word min'yō which means coyote. It refers to the mountain which is the main geographical feature of the site. Another translation of Demiñho is "In the middle of spiny small reeds", derived from the Otomi words nde (center or half), 'mini (spine), and 'yo (small reed).
In various colonial documents the hacienda's name appears as "De minyo", "de Minyo", "Deminyo", or "Demiño".
History
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75745995
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rochester%20bombings
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Rochester bombings
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The Rochester bombings were a series of bombing attacks between October 12 and November 6, 1970, in Rochester, New York. Beginning with the Columbus Day bombings on October, 12, the bombings were perpetrated by the Rochester crime family as false flag operations to draw the attention of local authorities away from organized crime. Over four weeks, they targeted nine buildings, including three Jewish synagogues and two black churches. Only one person was injured, a man living near the Federal Building who was cut by flying glass.
Bombings
In 1964, mob boss Frank Valenti took control of the Rochester crime family from Jake Russo, a rival of Frank's brother Constenze "Stanley" Valenti. Six years later, Valenti devised the "Columbus Day bombings" as false flag operations to draw heat away from the crime family. Valenti hoped police would consider the bombings the work of anti-war activists and militants and focus attention away from organized crime.
The bombings spree began on Columbus Day, October 12, when a group of five bombs damaged the Rochester federal building, the Monroe County office building, two predominantly black storefront churches, and the private home of Dick Clark, an official with Local 832 of the trade union International Union of Operating Engineers.
The bombings subsequently drew attention and publicity to the local mob, so Valenti engineered additional bombings largely as a distraction.
The Columbus Day bombings were preceded on October 9 by the theft of 100 sticks of dynamite in Brockport, New York. Two men were arrested for the theft on October 19, and local authorities thought they had found the bombers responsible.
On October 27, explosions within six minutes of each another damaged two Orthodox Jewish synagogues in Rochester, Light of Israel Sephardic Center and Congregation Beth Sholom.
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75746441
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Estadio%20Juan%20Pasquale
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Estadio Juan Pasquale
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Estadio Juan Pasquale is a football stadium located in the city of Buenos Aires, Argentina. It is owned and operated by Club Defensores de Belgrano and one of the oldest stadiums in the city, having been opened in 1910. The stadium has a capacity of 9,000 spectators.
The stadium was named after Juan Pasquale, founding member, player, and first president of the institution.
History
In the beginning, "Defensores de Belgrano Foot-Ball Club" (as it was originally named) played their first games in the Quinta de Oliver (then located on Plaza Chacabuco, current Plaza Alberti), a vacant land by then. When the Municipality of Buenos Aires decided to refurbish the square, the club had to move its field to its current location on Av. Comodoro Rivadavia in the Núñez barrio.
Some sources state that the land where the stadium would be built, was granted by the Municipality thanks to the negotiations carried out by Berón de Astrada, while other say that baron Demarchi offered the land to the club. The wooden stands that had been used to host the attendance during the military parades in the Argentine Centennial celebrations had been left after being used on Blandengues street –today Avenida del Libertador–. Therefore, the structure was carried to the stadium, becoming its first stands.
The venue was inaugurated on 25 May 1910 (the date of the Centennial of Argentina), only four years after the club was founded. It is nicknamed Nido del Dragón (Nest of the Dragon), referring to a dragon, the nickname of the team. It was due to artist and club supporter Hugo Arbona, who designed that creature in 1983 as a symbol for Defensores de Belgrano.
| 2.375
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69887896
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Afra%20Bukhari
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Afra Bukhari
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Afra Bukhari (14 March 1938 – 2 January 2022) was a Pakistani writer, best known for her short stories in the Urdu language.
Biography
Bukhari was born in 1938, in Amritsar, British Raj, and moved to Lahore in Pakistan after the partition of India in 1947. She studied at the Government College in Lahore, and began writing short stories in Urdu for her children in 1959. In 1978, after the death of her husband, she stopped writing and devoted her time to her family, but resumed writing and publishing in the 1990s. During the course of her career, she wrote five collections of short stories: in 1964 she published Faasle (tr: Distances), and in 1998 she published Nijaat (tr: Salvation). In 2003, she published Ret Mein Paoon (tr: Feet in the Sand) and in 2009, she published Aaank aur Andhera (tr: The Eye and the Darkness). Her last collection of stories, Sang-e-Siyah (tr: Black Stone) was published in 2021, shortly before her death. She also published stories in a number of Pakistani literary magazines, and her only novel, Pehchaan (tr: Identity) was never completed. A partially-written memoir, Us Ki Zindagi (tr: Her Life) was also left incomplete at the time of her death. Bukhari was a well-known writer who was acclaimed by her colleagues: when her work was published in the Hindi journal Hans, the Hindi writer Premchand praised her writing, giving her the title of "rebellious short story writer," and critic and translator Asif Farrukhi compared her to Virginia Woolf. Her son, Amir Faraz, is also a writer, and her daughter Fatima Ali is a journalist. Bukhara died on 2 January 2022, at the age of 83.
| 1.992188
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69887919
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Leipzig%20group
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Leipzig group
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However, the old model's chronology and correlations were based on inadequate scientific methods which produced erroneous data and conclusions. All of them have been corrected and the old model literature is deemed outdated and has been rejected by modern archaeologists because of revised and new archaeological research of settlements, hillforts, house construction, graves, and pottery as well as radiocarbon dating, palynology, and dendrochronology since the 1980s which shows that the old model was "seriously wrong" and dated "two-three hundred years too early". In the case of Leipzig pottery, the majority of artifacts and sites are much younger than the attributed Rüssen phase. The types of pottery are not "specific for single Slavic tribes in its distribution" and "have no solid basis in written and archaeological evidence" (for example Tornow-type was also present on the assumed tribal territory of Leipzig-type). None of the datings of Slavic material in Southeast and especially Northeast part of East Germany show it was surely older than 700 AD while palynology shows that the land in the 6th and 7th centuries became forested and not well resettled by the Slavs. The earliest pre-hillfort settlement of the Slavs of Prague-type between Elbe and Saale is dated to the last third of the 6th century or around 600 or 700 AD, with the oldest settlements at Dessau-Mosigkau radiocarbon dating to 590 ± 80 AD. Different pottery types including Leipzig-type mainly represent a range of 8th century and later regional variations and introduction of new technologies that emerged from intercultural relations mostly by Carolingian and Ottonian era influence among already settled Slavs.
| 2.046875
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69887935
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tornow%20group
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Tornow group
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It is the most know type of pottery with ripped decoration called Rippenschulterware. It had highest concentration in Brandenburg, but it was present from Greater Poland up to Elbe-Saale valley. As the valley mainly was an area of Leipzig group, Tornow-type was widespread on a much larger area than the supposedly related Sorbian-Lusatian tribes of Milzeni & Lusici, Dadosesani among others, thus rejecting simplified theses about links between individual tribes and material cultures. Individual finds were also found in West Pommerania, Central Poland, and Podlachia in Eastern Poland. In some occasions, Feldberg and Menkendorf group pottery were also found in Tornow-type strongholds. Tornow pottery was technologically more advanced from both Feldberg and Menkendorf group, almost resembling Late Slavic tradition. It shares some features with Bohemian-Moravian pottery. Ceramological studies in 2011 and 2012 as well as archaeometric study in 2020 of Tornow-type pottery samples found "no differences in technology of this type of pottery, either in that found in the territory of Western Poland or that found in the territory of Eastern Germany", suggesting both territories were culturally related.
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69888498
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Yardna
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Yardna
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In Mandaeism, a yardna () or yardena ([]; ) is a body of flowing fresh water (or in ; pronounced mia h(a)yya) that is suitable for ritual use as baptismal water. The masbuta and other Mandaean rituals such as the tamasha can only be performed in a yardna. Stagnant fresh water, brackish water, and seawater are not considered to be yardnas.
Examples of yardnas
Although etymologically related to the Canaanite word yarden (Hebrew: ), or the Jordan River, a yardna in Mandaeism can refer to any flowing river. Traditionally, these were typically the Euphrates (Mandaic: Praš), Tigris (Mandaic: Diglat), and Karun (Mandaic: ʿUlat) rivers. The Euphrates is called (; pronounced ) in the Ginza Rabba. In Mandaean scriptures, the Euphrates is considered to be the earthly manifestation of the heavenly yardna or flowing river (similar to the Yazidi concept of Lalish being the earthly manifestation of its heavenly counterpart).
In Worcester, Massachusetts, United States, Lake Quinsigamond (the source of the Quinsigamond River) is used as a yardna for baptism. In San Antonio and Austin, Texas, the Guadalupe River is the main yardna used.
In Australia, the Nepean River (utilized by Wallacia Mandi) and the Georges River are the yardnas that are most commonly used by Mandaeans. In Sweden, particularly during the winter, indoor pools with flowing water are used as ritual yardnas in mandis.
Heavenly counterpart
Piriawis, a river in the World of Light, is the heavenly counterpart of all yardnas on earth, which are considered by Mandaeans to be manifestations of Piriawis.
Sacramental water
There are two types of sacramental water used for Mandaean rituals, namely mambuha ("drinking water") and halalta ("rinsing water"). Both are drawn directly from a yardna.
Uthras
Mandaean texts mention various uthras watching over yardnas.
Book 14 of the Right Ginza mentions Adathan and Yadathan as the guardians of the "first yardna" ().
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69888596
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Prayar%20Prabhakaran
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Prayar Prabhakaran
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Prayar Prabhakaran is a literary critic, academic and orator from Kerala, India. He won several noted awards including Kerala Sahitya Akademi Award for Overall Contributions and the Thayatt Award for Literary Criticism.
Biography
Prabhakaran was born on 14 August 1930, at Prayar near Oachira in present-day Kollam district, to Lakshmikutty Amma and Swami Brahmavrathanan an orator, scholar and writer. After passing B.Ed. from the Training College, Thiruvananthapuram, from 1950 to 1963 he worked as Malayalam teacher at Sooranad Government High School, and later joined the University College Thiruvananthapuram for his MA. Soon after completing MA in 1964, he became a lecturer at S. N. Women's College, Kollam, and became a teacher in various colleges under the SN Trust. He retired from S. N. College, Kollam on 31 March 1986, and after retirement he became a teacher at Alappuzha B.Ed. Center.
He had a penchant for communist ideology from a young age. With A. G. P. Namboothiri and Devikulangara A. Bharathan, he formed the Puthuppally Prayar Party Cell. While a member of the CPI (M) Chunakkara local committee, he took part in an agitation and was imprisoned for four days.
Prayar has done many studies in Indian literature. His first work Bharatheeya Saahithya Saastra Padanangal is a study of Indian literature. He entered the field of critical writing by writing a critical study of Joseph Mundassery's book Natakantham Kavitvam. Communist leader and first chief minister of Kerala, E. M. S. Namboodiripad notes that Prayar's works should be read by both those who agree and those who oppose the Marxian literary approach.
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69889601
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Agrifood%20systems
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Agrifood systems
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Following up on the 2023 edition of the FAO report – The State of Food and Agriculture – the subsequent edition provides a detailed breakdown of the hidden costs associated with unhealthy dietary patterns that lead to non-communicable diseases for 156 countries. The report finds that in 2020, global health hidden costs amounted 8.1 trillion 2020 PPP dollars, 70 percent of all of the hidden costs of agrifood systems. Diets low in whole grains are the leading concern (18 percent of global quantified health hidden costs), alongside diets high in sodium and low in fruits (16 percent each), although there is significant variation across countries.
Resilience of agrifood systems
The resilience of agrifood systems refers to the capacity over time of agrifood systems, in the face of any disruption, to sustainably ensure availability of and access to sufficient, safe and nutritious food for all, and sustain the livelihoods of agrifood systems' actors. According to FAO, truly resilient agrifood systems must have a robust capacity to prevent, anticipate, absorb, adapt and transform in the face of any disruption, with the functional goal of ensuring food security and nutrition for all and decent livelihoods and incomes for agrifood systems' actors. Such resilience addresses all dimensions of food security, but focuses specifically on stability of access and sustainability, which ensure food security in both the short and the long term.
Defining agrifood systems resilience
The resilience of agrifood systems builds on the concept of resilience, which originated in the study of ecosystems and evolved over 50 years into an object of study across an array of disciplines, including engineering, agriculture, economics and psychology. Although there is little agreement today as to a precise definition across disciplines, broadly speaking, resilience can be defined as the dynamic capacity to continue to achieve goals despite disturbances.
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69889601
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Agrifood%20systems
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Agrifood systems
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Shocks
Shocks are short-term deviations from long-term trends that have substantial negative effects on a system, people's state of well-being, assets, livelihoods, safety and ability to withstand future shocks. Shocks impacting on agrifood systems may be covariate (an event that directly affects groups of households, communities, regions or even entire countries) or idiosyncratic (an event that affects individuals or households) and include disasters, extreme climate events, biological and technological events, surges in plant and animal diseases and pests, socio-economic crises and conflicts.
Stresses
Stresses are long-term trends or pressures that undermine the stability of a system and increase vulnerability within it. Stresses can result from natural resource degradation, urbanization, demographic pressure, climate variability, political instability or economic decline.
How shocks and stresses affect agrifood systems
The same shock or stress may have different impacts across the different components of agrifood systems, depending on their characteristics, risk environments, and inherent vulnerabilities and capacities. For example, given its reliance on natural processes, the agriculture sector is disproportionately exposed and vulnerable to adverse climate-related events, especially droughts, floods and storms. Over half of all shocks to crop production are the result of extreme weather events, reinforcing concern about the vulnerability of arable systems to climatic and meteorological volatility. In aquatic systems, there are well-established linkages between harvesting of fish, ocean productivity and global meteorology. Global climate plays a major role in fluctuating fishery productivity.
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69889601
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Agrifood%20systems
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Agrifood systems
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Improved basic and primary services
Improved education, non-farm employment and cash transfers will be key in building capacities to absorb, adapt and transform by rural low-income households, in particular small-scale producers whose livelihoods are increasingly vulnerable to climate shocks and depletion of natural resources. For rural households, FAO's resilience index measurement and analysis (RIMA) model finds that in 23 countries indicate that education, income diversification and cash transfers mainly drove gradual improvements in resilience capacity. Analysis of another 12 countries showed that in more than half of cases, the most important pillar of resilience was access to productive and non-productive assets. Also important to household resilience was adaptive capacity, which depended critically on education and human capacity development within the household. Access to basic services, such as improved sanitation and safe drinking water, and primary services, especially schools, hospitals and agricultural markets, provided important support to household resilience, particularly in very arid zones and in pastoralist households.
| 2.640625
| 0
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69889870
|
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Edward%20E.%20McClish
|
Edward E. McClish
|
Edward Ernest McClish (1909-1993) was an American military officer in the Philippines in World War II. During the Japanese occupation of the Philippines, Lt. Colonel McClish commanded a division of Filipino guerrillas on Mindanao island.
Early life
Ernest E. McClish was the son of Ross Enzire McClish, a Choctaw Nation citizen listed as "full blood" on the Dawes Rolls, and Minnie Lee Mosteller. McClish graduated from Haskell Institute in 1929 and Bacone College in 1931 and became an army officer. He entered on active duty with the National Guard in 1940 and in 1941 commanded a company of Philippine Scouts. He became a battalion commander in August 1941 and was on the island of Negros when World War II began in the Philippines on 8 December 1941.
Contemporaries described McClish as a handsome, soft-spoken Oklahoman and a "colorful guerrilla leader" with a quiet manner who dealt with problems in a methodical manner rather than barking out orders. He suffered from malaria and got out of a hospital bed to avoid surrender to the Japanese. Guerrilla leader Robert Lapham said the McClish was "sometimes criticized for his alleged lack of seriousness", but "got on remarkably well with Filipino civilians and established advantageous relations with them by being affable and approachable." Major (later General) Stephen Mellnik and Commander Melvyn McCoy, escaped prisoners of war, were helped by McClish and were favorably impressed by him.
| 2.046875
| 0
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69889986
|
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vishwamurti%20Shastri
|
Vishwamurti Shastri
|
Vishwamurti Shastri is a Sanskrit scholar with knowledge of Vedic literature and related subjects. He served as a principal of Rashtriya Sanskrit Sansthan, Jammu. He was appointed to Amarnathji Shrine Board (SASB) in 2019. He is director of Shri Mata Vaishno Devi Gurukul, Katra. He also serves as the chairman of J&K Dharmarth Trust Advisory Committee.
Prof Shastri has written a number of books in Sanskrit. He has organized many non-formal Sanskrit teaching programs in J&K. He has delivered religious discourses from Shri Mata Vaishno Devi Bhawan, which are telecast live on national TV channels during Navratras.
The Government of India honored him in 2022, with the fourth-highest civilian award of Padma Shri.
Early life and Education
Vishwamurti Shastri was born in 1946 in a small village in Ramnagar tehsil of Udhampur district to Pandit Anant Ram Jyotshi and Uma Devi. He successfully completed Shastri in 1965 and Acharya in 1967 from Jammu and Kashmir University. He was awarded a Ph.D. degree by the Rashtriya Sanskrit Sansthan, Deemed University in 1986.
Awards and honours
Vishwamurti Shastri was awarded the President's award for classical language scholars in 2009. He was awarded the fourth-highest civilian award, Padma Shri by the Indian Government in 2022
| 2.015625
| 0
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69889992
|
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/92nd%20Infantry%20Regiment%20%28France%29
|
92nd Infantry Regiment (France)
|
The 92nd Regiment was the first equipped with the Véhicule blindé de combat d'infanterie to be deployed to Mali in 2013. It has deployed as part of Opération Sentinelle, the post-2015 security assistance provided by the army in France. In 2017 the 92nd Regiment deployed on Opération Chammal in Iraq, from 2018 to 2019 was on Operation Barkhane in Chad and in 2020 deployed on the same operation to Mali. In September 2021 a detachment of 600 men of the regiment were deployed to Mali and to Lebanon.
Structure
The 92nd Regiment is currently part of the French Army's 2nd Armoured Brigade. It amounts to 1,500 personnel in five combat companies, a support company, a command and logistics company and two reserve companies.
Its equipment includes:
968 x Heckler & Koch HK416 assault rifles
110 x FN Minimi light machine guns
54 x MAG58 general purpose machine guns
10 x LLR 81mm mortars
14 x MILAN anti-tank missile launchers
58 x Petit Véhicule Protégé 4x4 light armoured vehicles
30 x Poste Eryx anti-tank equipped armoured personnel carriers
96 x Véhicule blindé de combat d'infanterie
10 x Masstech unarmoured vehicles
56 x Renault GBC 180 trucks
Honours
The 92nd Regiment has received the following battle honours:
Rivoli 1797
Austerlitz 1805
Jena 1806
Constantine 1837
Ypres 1914
Verdun 1916-1917
The Somme 1916
The Ourcq 1918
| 2.03125
| 0
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69890872
|
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fueros%20de%20Sobrarbe
|
Fueros de Sobrarbe
|
It is in the context of asserting the rights of nobility and urban corporations that the Fueros of Sobrarbe begin to be mentioned in legal documents after the 13th century, when jurists and legal historians start to use them to justify the legitimacy that certain medieval institutions of Navarre and Aragon (the Justicia, the bailiffs, the regular gathering of their respective parliaments, ...) would be justified in accordance to the (by then) lost ancient Fueros of Sobrarbe.
Anachronisms in the Fueros
The traditional account of how the Fueros of Sobrarbe recounted above was more or less established by the 15th century. However, the account was full of inconsistencies and anachronisms that seemed difficult to conciliate. Chief amongst these: how could Don Pelayo have sanctioned the Fueros of a remote valley in the Pyrenees, hundreds of miles away from his own lands in Asturias, almost a century after his own death?
Likewise, the apostolic Aldebrano under whose advice the charters were said to have been drafted most likely refers to either of two obscure bishops of Tricastin (modern Saint-Paul-Trois-Châteaux), a minor diocesis in Occitania, the second of which was dead prior to 829.
| 2.046875
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69890872
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fueros%20de%20Sobrarbe
|
Fueros de Sobrarbe
|
In the mid 15th century, Gualberto Fabricio de Vagad, working with several historical documents largely drawn from De rebus Hispaniae and the Chronicle of San Juan de la Peña, reconstructed a less fanciful chronology with which to add a veneer of historical verisimilitude to the Fueros. According to Vagad's account, the early kings of Aragon and of Navarre were petty kings, reigning solely over the valley of Sobrarbe – thus the origins of both Navarre and Aragon would be grounded on the mythical Kingdom of Sobrarbe. In Vagad's version, the first true king of Aragon was Ramiro I (1007–1063), and the first king of Sobrarbe would have been García Jiménez (late 9th century), under whose reign Vagad claims the office of the Justicia was established. According to Vagad, when Iñigo Arista (c. 790 – 851) accepted the crown of Sobrarbe, he offered the right to rebellion if he violated the fueros, so as to signal his intention of ruling under the law. His successor García Jiménez avowed said right by establishing the office of the Justicia, which would have therefore existed as a safeguard against royal abuses of power since at least the 9th century. This explanation by Vagad, broadly accepted by Blancas, is problematic: Arista operated from Pamplona, and García Jiménez likely from Álava, not Sobrarbe. Furthermore, albeit the Fueros de Sobrarbe were indeed invoked in Navarre (the direct successor to Arista's kingdom of Pamplona) as well as in Aragon, Navarrese institutions were markedly different from the Aragonese ones and, in particular, Navarre lacked an office as powerful as the Justicia of Aragon, which appears to have been an Aragonese innovation.
| 2.484375
| 0
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69890872
|
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fueros%20de%20Sobrarbe
|
Fueros de Sobrarbe
|
Later authors, such as Fabricio de Vagad, connected the two sources of the Fueros of Sobrarbe, adding the fueros described by Antich to the list contained in the Fuero de Tudela. Vagad describes the first Navarrese-Aragonese kings as kings only of Sobrarbe, until Ramiro I, who also appears as the first king of Aragon. In his version of history, the first king of Sobrarbe is García Jiménez and the first Justice already served during his reign. When Íñigo Arista accepts the crown, he offers the right to rebellion if he violates the fueros to show that he is going to reign according to the law.
The New Compilation of the Fueros y Observancias published in 1552 includes for the first time in its prologue a mention of the Fueros de Sobrarbe as the ancient fueros of the kingdom of Aragon, when it describes the early history of the kingdom in a manner similar to that of the Fuero de Tudela, but with Aragonese as the only protagonists and without mentioning names of kings. It also states that in Aragon first there were laws rather than kings. Something that the compilation does not do is to enumerate which were those first fueros.
| 2.359375
| 0
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69891390
|
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jean-Jacques%20Winders
|
Jean-Jacques Winders
|
Jean-Jacques Winders (14 May 1849, Antwerp – 20 February 1936, Antwerp) was a Belgian architect.
He designed the Royal Museum of Fine Arts in Antwerp with Frans Van Dijk, the monument and his own house De Passer from 1883, which was protected as a monument in Belgium in 1981. Initially he designed buildings in an eclectic style, from 1880 his designs were in the Flemish neo-Renaissance style, of which his house is a typical example.
Biography
Joannes Jacobus Henricus Victor Winders was born in Antwerp on 14 May 1849. He came from an Antwerp family that was active in the construction industry. His grandfather was a contractor and his father, Jean-Baptiste Winders, was a contractor-architect who, from 1859, played a role in the construction of the Brialmont Forts around the city. The young Jean-Jacques Winders followed in his father's footsteps, attending his father's construction sites since he was 17. He then studied at the Royal Academy of Fine Arts of Antwerp. By 1868 he had established himself as an architect, realizing the Antwerp house of painter Jules Wagner that year.
His first remarkable assignment was the Monument in Antwerp. He won the design competition for the monument in 1873, and although it was supposed to be finished by the next year, delays postponed its inauguration, which took place in 1883. Another important assignment was the Royal Museum of Fine Arts in Antwerp, which he designed with Frans Van Dijk. Winders' style was initially eclectic, but in the late 1870s he drastically change his style to Flemish neo-Renaissence style, of which he became one of the most important exponents. His most important work in this style is his own house, Den Passer on Tolstraat in Antwerp.
Winders was also a teacher, and taught at the Royal Academy of Fine Arts of Antwerp from 1895.
His son Max followed in his footsteps becoming an architect as well.
| 2.078125
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69891629
|
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Alluri%20Sitharama%20Raju%20district
|
Alluri Sitharama Raju district
|
Alluri Sitharama Raju district, also known as Alluri district and by its initials as ASR district, is a district in the Indian state of Andhra Pradesh. The headquarters of the district is located at Paderu. Named after Alluri Sitarama Raju, a revolutionary in the Indian independence movement who hailed from the region, the district was effective since 4 April 2022 and became one of the twenty-six districts in the state. The district is known for its scenery and lies in the Eastern Ghats.
Etymology
This district is named after Alluri Sitarama Raju, a revolutionary in the Indian independence movement who came from the region.
History
In July 2019, on the occasion of Alluri Sitarama Raju's 122nd birth anniversary, state Tourism Minister Avanthi Srinivasa Rao said a newly formed district would be named after Alluri Sitarama Raju.
The district was proposed on 26 January 2022 by the Y. S. Jagan Mohan Reddy's government as part of a reorganisation of all the existing 13 districts in the state to form 26 districts in total. Final notification was issued by the Government of Andhra Pradesh on 3 April 2022 and the district was effective from 4 April 2022. The administrative headquarters of the district is located at Paderu. It would be formed from Paderu revenue division of Visakhapatnam district and Rampachodavaram revenue division of East Godavari district.
Geography
This district borders with North of Malkangiri district and Koraput district of Odisha state,North West of Sukma district of Chhattisgarh state & Bhadradri Kothagudem district of Telangana state. And this district is surrounded by South of Kakinada district, east Vizianagaram district, North Parvathipuram Manyam district South East of Anakapalli district, South West of Eluru district & East Godavari district.
| 1.960938
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69891684
|
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Eluru%20district
|
Eluru district
|
Eluru district is a district in coastal Andhra Region in the Indian state of Andhra Pradesh. With Eluru as its administrative headquarters, it was proposed on 26 January 2022 to become one of the resultant twenty six districts in the state once a final notification is issued by the government of Andhra Pradesh. It is formed from Eluru revenue division and Jangareddygudem revenue division from West Godavari district and Nuzvid revenue division from Krishna district.
History
Eluru District history is shared common history with West Godavari district, The Eastern Chalukyas ruled coastal Andhra from 700 to 1200, with Vengi, near Pedavegi village, as their capital. Historical pieces of evidence are found at the villages, Pedavegi and Guntupalli (Jilakarragudem). Eluru then became a part of the Kalinga Empire until 1471. Later it fell into the hands of the Gajapati Empire. In 1515, Krishnadevaraya captured it. After the fall of the Vijayanagara Empire, it was taken by the Sultan of Golconda Fort, Kutub Shah. On 2 April 2022, Eluru District was formed with Eluru as its headquarters and all the district offices and regional offices were set up in Eluru city, Before that it was a Headquarter for West Godavari district.
Geography
The district occupies an area of 6,679 km2 (2,578.776 sq mi). The district is bounded by Khammam district & Alluri Sitharama Raju district on the north, West Godavari district & Konnasemma District on the south. The Godavari River separates East Godavari district on east and Tammileru River and Kolleru Lake separates it from Krishna district and NTR district on the west.
Topography
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69891700
|
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Almost%20Astronauts
|
Almost Astronauts
|
Almost Astronauts: 13 Women Who Dared to Dream is a nonfiction children's book by Tanya Lee Stone, originally published February 24, 2009 by Candlewick Press, then republished September 27, 2011. The book tells the story of the Mercury 13 women, who, in 1958, joined NASA and completed testing to become astronauts.
The book won the Bank Street College Flora Stieglitz Straus Award and Robert F. Sibert Informational Book Medal.
Reception
Almost Astronauts received a starred review from Kirkus, as well as positive reviews from Booklist, The New York Times Book Review, The Bulletin of the Center for Children's Books, and Publishers Weekly.
Kirkus wrote, "The author offers great insight into how deeply ingrained sexism was in American society and its institutions. Handsomely illustrated with photographs, this empowering story will leave readers inspired." Publishers Weekly said, "Readers with an interest in history and in women's struggle for equality will undoubtedly be moved." Speaking for The Bulletin, Elizabeth Bush said, "Readers prone to outrage over civil rights denied can plan on losing plenty of sleep over this one."
The audiobook, narrated by Susan Ericksen, received a positive review from Booklist.
| 2.5
| 0
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69891718
|
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kriegsmarine%20%28board%20game%29
|
Kriegsmarine (board game)
|
Kriegsmarine is a board wargame published by Simulations Canada (SimCan) in 1980 that is a simulation of tactical naval comabt in the Atlantic and Mediterranean during World War II.
Description
Kriegsmarine is a two-player naval wargame. The game includes seventeen scenarios based on historical encounters, which range from combat between two ships to fleet actions. The game has similar rules to SimCan's other naval games, allowing two or more games to be combined.
Components
The ziplock bag or game box contains:
22" x 28" paper hex grid map scaled at 100 yd (91 m) per hex
255 double-sided die-cut counters representing ships and airplanes of Britain, France, US, Netherlands, Canada, Australia, Soviet Union, and Germany, plus markers for torpedoes and other objects
16-page rule book
Gameplay
Each turn is divided into six phases:
Sighting
Gunfire
Vessel Movement and Depth Charge Combat
Torpedo Launching, Movement and Combat
Sighted Units Removal
Movement allowance is the maximum speed of the ship. Although torpedoes are mentioned in the turn phases, Kriegsmarine does not include any rules for torpedoes — these are only used if the game is combined with sister game Torpedo.
Victory conditions
In each scenario, the player must improve upon the historical result to win.
Publication history
Between 1978 and 1980, SimCan published three naval wargames using similar rules and identically scaled maps: IJN (1978, Pacific combat in WW II); Torpedo (1979, WW II submarine warfare); and Kriegsmarine, a game designed by Stephen Newberg and published by SimCan in a ziplock bag in 1980 with cover art by Rodger B. MacGowan. It was notable for the misspelled title "Kreigsmarine" on the rulebook and map. The game was also published as a boxed set. In total, SimCan printed 2000 copies of Kriegsmarine.
| 2.21875
| 0
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69891931
|
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Annamayya%20district
|
Annamayya district
|
Politics
There is one Lok Sabha constituency named Rajampet, along with six assembly constituencies in the district.
The assembly constituencies are given below.
Cities and towns
There are three municipalities and one nagar panchayat in the district.
Economy
Agriculture is the main economic activity in the district. The major crops include paddy, groundnut, sunflower, cotton, and betel leaves. The main horticultural crops are mango, papaya, banana, lemon, and sweet orange. As of the fiscal year 2019–20, the gross cropped area is 171,617 hectares, while the gross irrigated area is 66,281 hectares. The Pincha and Annamayya irrigation projects are the major irrigation initiatives in the district.
Transport
Roadways
The road network of the district consists of 301.59 km of National Highways, 330.46 km of State Highways, 831.91 km of major district roads, and 4,131.43 km of Panchayat Raj roads. National Highways NH 716, NH 40, and NH 71 pass through the district. Additionally, the proposed NH 370, which will connect Nellore to Ananthapuram (Nellore–Rapur–Rajampet–Rayachoti–Kadiri–Ananthapuram), is currently under planning and will also pass through the district.
Railways
As of 2019–20, the district is served by a broad-gauge railway line measuring 195.13 km in length, with 24 railway stations that are part of the Guntakal railway division of South Central Railway Zone. The Madanapalle Road railway station, located 12 km from Madanapalle, is on the Guntakal-Pakala-Tirupati line that passes through the district. Kadapa railway station is the nearest major railway station, situated 51 km from Rayachoti.
Airways
The nearest small airport is Kadapa Airport, located from Rayachoti. The nearest major airport is Tirupati International Airport, which is away from Rayachoti.
| 2.421875
| 0
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69892115
|
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Guy%20Thwaites
|
Guy Thwaites
|
Guy Edward Thwaites (born 19 January 1971) is a British professor of infectious diseases at the University of Oxford, and director of the Oxford University Clinical Research Unit (OUCRU) in Ho Chi Minh City in Vietnam. His focus is on severe bacterial infections, including meningitis and Staphylococcus aureus bloodstream infection, and tuberculosis. He is a former first-class cricketer.
Early life and education
Guy Thwaites was born in Brighton in January 1971, to cricketer and physician Ian Thwaites. He was educated at Eastbourne College, before going up to Girton College, Cambridge. There he completed his pre-clinical years before doing a year in art history. While studying at Cambridge, Thwaites played first-class cricket for Cambridge University Cricket Club in 1991 and 1992, making four appearances. He scored 68 runs in his four first-class matches at an average of 11.33, with a highest score of 32. Subsequently, he gained admission to study medicine at the United Medical and Dental Schools of Guy's and St Thomas' Hospitals, from where he graduated.
While a student, with a friend doing a history PhD, he came across the story of sudor anglicus, the mysterious English sweating sickness of the 15th and 16th centuries. In 1998, five years after the hantavirus outbreak in the US made headlines, and then working at St Thomas' Hospital, he co-authored a paper hypothesising that the mysterious medieval illness was very similar to that in the US and could have been hantavirus pulmonary syndrome. After discovering the grave of Henry Brandon, who he believed had been affected by the illness, he did not propose plans to exhume the body for DNA analysis.
| 2.125
| 0
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69892341
|
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/History%20of%20the%20Petroleum%20industry%20in%20Alberta
|
History of the Petroleum industry in Alberta
|
The proposal, for the use of nuclear weapons for oil and gas extraction, was first theorized, and devised by American geologist Manley L. Natland, at the Los Angeles-based Richfield Oil Company in 1956, originally under the name "Project Cauldron". Natland believed that an underground blast was the most efficient way to generate the heat needed to liquefy the viscous bitumen so that it could be pumped to the surface by conventional wells. The project was conceived of as part of Operation Plowshare, a United States project to harness the nuclear explosions for peaceful applications. Natland came up with the idea while he was working on location in the southern desert of Saudi Arabia and contemplated using the immense heat of a nuclear explosion while watching the sunset. Natland theorized drilling a deep borehole and detonating a nuclear weapon would result in an immense release of heat and energy would crush and melt surrounding rock, separate oil from sand and create an underground cavity where the oil would pool for conventional extraction. This method could be effective for the oil reserves of the McMurray Formation, which could not be viably exploited with the technology at the time as it was buried deep underground and highly viscous.
Natland was dispatched by Richfield to Alberta's Athabasca oil sands in 1957 to scout possibly drilling locations, which he found at the Pony Creek site, 8.7 km northwest from the nearest settlement of Chard. Pony Creek was chosen for six reasons: the absence of people and infrastructure, absence of developed oil fields which could be affected by the detonation, the Crown rights to the surface and mineral rights, significant estimated amount of oil to make the experiment viable, the depth of the oil sands deposit could contain the detonation, and the oil quality was high enough to be processed. Richfield entered into an exploration lease on Crown land in the area with Imperial Oil and City Service Athabasca Incorporated for 2 million acres of land and mineral rights.
| 2.8125
| 0
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69892500
|
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/HMS%20Sparkler%20%281804%29
|
HMS Sparkler (1804)
|
HMS Sparkler was launched in 1804 at Brightlingsea. Lieutenant James S.A.Dennis commissioned her in August 1804 for the North Sea.
On 18 July 1805 a British squadron spotted the French Boulogne flotilla sailing along the shore. Captain Edward Owen of sent , , , and the brigs , Sparkler, and in pursuit of 22 large schooners flying the Dutch flag. The British managed to force three of the schooners to ground on the Banc de Laine near Cap Gris Nez; their crews ran two others ashore. The British also drove six French gun-vessels on shore. However, the bank off Cape Grinez, and the shot and shells from the right face of its powerful battery, soon compelled the British to move back from the shore.
On 7 August 1807 she convoyed British merchantmen to Yarmouth from the Eyder. The merchantmen had been forbidden to discharge their cargoes.
Sparkler was wrecked on 14 January 1808 off Terschelling on the Frisan coast. Her crew had to take to her rigging after water came up over her upper deck and the surf started breaking over her. A fisherman rescued the survivors the next day. Sparkler lost 14 of her 50 crew in the incident. The Dutch took Lieutenant Dennis and the other survivors prisoner. Newspaper accounts stated that she lost 17 of 53 crew members. The storm that wrecked Sparkler also wrecked the hired armed cutter Lord Keith.
Citations
| 2.359375
| 0
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69892503
|
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nandyal%20district
|
Nandyal district
|
Nandyal district is a district in the Indian state of Andhra Pradesh with Nandyal as its administrative headquarters, it was formed on 4 April 2022 to become one of the resultant 26 districts. It is part of the Rayalaseema region. The district consists of Nandyal revenue division and a newly formed Dhone revenue division and Atmakur revenue division from Kurnool district.
Etymology
The district derived its name from its headquarters Nandyal.
History
Belum Caves are geologically and historically important caves in the district. There are indications that Jain and Buddhist monks were occupying these caves centuries ago. Many Buddhists relics were found inside the caves. These relics are now housed in Museum at Anantapur. Archaeological survey of India (ASI) found remnants of vessels and other artifacts of pre-Buddhist era and has dated the remnants of vessels found in the caves to 4500 BC.
Earlier in the 14th century there was a king named Nandanamaharaju. This place got the name "Nandi Temple" after that king built the Nava Nandula around it. In time, this place got the name "Nandyala".
Geography
This district is bounded on the north by Krishna rivers as well as Mahabubnagar district of Telangana State, on the south by Kadapa district and Anantapur Districts on the west by the Kurnool district and on the east by Prakasam District.
Nallamala and Erramala are the two major mountain ranges which run in parallel from north to south of the district running in parallel from north to south. The Erramalas divide the district into two parts.The eastern part of the district lies between Erramalas and Nallamalas. It has mainly black cotton soil. Krishna and Kunderu are the main rivers. Kunderu also known as Kumudvathi originates on the western side of Erramala hills. It flows towards south through Midthur, Gadivemula, Nandyal,Gospadu, Koilakuntla, Dornipadu and Chagalamarri mandals before entering YSR District.
| 2.484375
| 0
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69892512
|
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Palnadu%20district
|
Palnadu district
|
Palnadu district is a district in coastal Andhra Region in the Indian state of Andhra Pradesh. With Narasaraopet as its administrative headquarters, it was formed on 4 April 2022 to become one of the resultant twenty-six districts The district was formed from Gurazala, Sattenapalli and Narasaraopet revenue divisions from Palnadu district. The district covers most of the Palnadu region.
Etymology
This district has derived its name from the Palnadu or Pallava Nadu region .
Geography
Palnadu district is bordered by NTR district at North, Bapatla district at South East, Prakasam district at South West and Guntur district at East. It is also surrounded by Suryapet district and Nalgonda district in Telangana state at west.
Land Utilization
The total Geographical area of the District is 7,30,123 Hectares covered by forest is 1,50,759 Hectares. The net area sown is 3,15,650 Hectares. The total cropped area in the District is 3,47,114 Hectares. The area sown more than once during the year is 31,464 Hectares.
Natural and Mineral Resources
The district is rich in mineral resources. The principal minerals available are limestone, lime Lime Stonekankar at Piduguralla. Napa slabs, Copper and Lead. Lime stone is being utilised by the cement factories of Macherla. There are copper mines at Agnigundala of Ipur Mandal.
Climate
The Normal Rainfall of the District is 775.3 M.M. The climate is Generally warm in Summer and the heat is very severe in Rentachintala Mandal, where the maximum temperature in the State is recorded.
Summer (March to June): The summer months are hot and dry, with temperatures often reaching high levels. This period is characterized by high temperatures and low rainfall.
Monsoon (July to September): The monsoon season brings rainfall to the region. During this period, the district receives the majority of its annual precipitation. The monsoon rains are essential for agriculture and overall water supply.
| 2.75
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69892631
|
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Weather%20of%202014
|
Weather of 2014
|
In the northern hemisphere, activity began on 2 January when a depression formed near Sri Lanka. There were a further eight tropical cyclones to form in the year in the north Indian Ocean, including Cyclone Hudhud, a powerful cyclone that struck India in October. Hudhud left 219 billion (US$3.58 billion) in damage and killed 124 people, including 43 in Nepal related to snowstorms and avalanches. In the north-west Pacific Ocean, Tropical Storm Lingling formed on 10 January the first of 32 tropical cyclones to form in the basin that year. Lingling killed 70 people in the Philippines. The deadliest and costliest typhoon of the season was Typhoon Rammasun, which affected the Philippines, China, and Vietnam, causing 225 fatalities and over US$8 billion in damage. In the north-east Pacific Ocean, there were 23 tropical cyclones, including 16 hurricanes. The costliest Pacific hurricane in the year was Hurricane Odile, which struck the Baja California peninsula, with a damage total of MXN$16.6 billion (US$1.25 billion). The Atlantic hurricane season was quiet, with only nine tropical cyclones. Two hurricanes – Fay and Gonzalo – struck Bermuda within a one-week period. There was also a storm in the Mediterranean, Cyclone Qendresa, that had tropical characteristics, which killed three people in Italy and left over €200 million (US$250 million) in damage.
Other storms
In November, a hailstorm affected the Australian city of Brisbane, causing A$1.1 billion worth of damage.
| 2.875
| 0
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69892673
|
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hosur%20City%20Municipal%20Corporation
|
Hosur City Municipal Corporation
|
Hosur City Municipal Corporation is the civic body governing city of industrial hub Hosur in Tamilnadu state of India. It was the 13th Municipal corporation in Tamilnadu established on 13 February 2019. It is headed by a Mayor, who presides over a Deputy mayor, 45 councillors who represents over 45 wards of the city, and it has adjoined with Mathigiri town panchayat, Zuzuvadi, Chennathur, Avalapalli and Mookandapalli village panchayat. The annual tax revenue of the corporation is 102.41 crore rupees. Hosur is one of the major industrial city in Tamilnadu and had a population of 345,354 with an area of 72.41 km².
History and administration
Hosur town was constituted as Selection Grade Town Panchayat in the year 1962 and then upgraded to Second Grade Municipality in the Year 1992 and to Selection Grade Municipality in the year 1998. In 2011, vide GO. No. 127 dated 8 September 2011 town panchayat of Mathigiri and village panchayats of Zuzuvadi, Mookandapalli, Avalapalli, and Chennathur were included in Hosur Municipality and upgraded as Special Grade municipality.
Then, on 13 February 2019, Hosur Municipality was upgraded to Municipal Corporation by former Chief Minister of TamilNadu Edappadi K. Palaniswami. and becomes one of the 21 municipal corporations in Tamil Nadu. It was the first corporation to be made without a district's headquarters.
At present Hosur corporation has adjoined with Mathigiri town panchayat, Zuzuvadi, Avalapalli, Chennathur, and Mookandapalli village panchayat. In April 2022, plans to expand the city limit up to 740 square kilometers were announced.
Hosur Town Panchayat (Begapalli, Nallur, Onnaivadi, Kothakondapalli, Chennasandiram [Visawanathapuram (Part)], Thorapalli Agraharam [Kumdhepalli, Gandhi Nagar, Ellamma Kothur (Part)], Shoolagiri Town Panchayat (Perandapalli) annexed to Hosur Municipal Corporation.
Election
| 2.046875
| 0
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69892675
|
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Joseph%20Delaville%20Le%20Roulx
|
Joseph Delaville Le Roulx
|
In 1878, Delaville Le Roulx left France to settle on the island of Malta to study the archives of the Order of Saint John of Jerusalem. From his research, he wrote a book on Les archives et le trésor de l'Ordre de Saint-Jean-de-Jérusalem à Malte (The Archives and Treasure of the Order of St. John of Jerusalem in Malta), published in 1883. He did not limit himself to the study of these archives alone, but extended his field of research to all the archives available on the Order publishing Cartulaire général de l'Ordre des Hospitaliers de Saint-Jean de Jérusalem (General Cartulary of the Order of the Hospitallers of St. John of Jerusalem) from its installation in Jerusalem until its departure for the island of Cyprus, covering the period 1100–1310). Between 1894 and 1905, he published four volumes of this cartulary, bringing together nearly 5,000 items found in the libraries and archives of Europe. In 1934, E. J. King translated into English portions of the Cartulaire that included rules, statutes, or customs of the order while leaving out any charters or documents that did not contain information pertaining to these topics.
During this period, he published two volumes on La France en Orient au XIVe siècle which he presented as a thesis for his doctorate in letters, published in 1886. He presented a Latin thesis on the origin of the Hospitaller order, De prima origine Hospitalariorum Hierosolymitanorum, published in 1885. He also wrote 18 dissertations on the Order of St. John of Jerusalem, published in 1910 under the title Mélanges sur l'Ordre de saint-Jean-Jérusalem.
In the course of his research, he discovered documents on an order that was little known at the time, the short-lived Order of Montjoye, founded around 1180 by a Spanish count, which developed in the Iberian Peninsula before merging with the Order of the Temple and the Order of Calatrava.
| 2.171875
| 0
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69893620
|
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Panstrongylus%20megistus
|
Panstrongylus megistus
|
Panstrongylus megistus is a blood-drinking insect in the subfamily Triatominae. It is found in the Guianas, Brazil, Bolivia, Paraguay,
Uruguay and Argentina. It is an important vector of Trypanosoma cruzi (the causative agent of Chagas disease), found particularly in Brazil. Besides humans, P. megistus is known to feed on birds, rodents, horses, dogs, opossums and bats.
P. megistus is frequently found in domestic dwellings in Brazil, while in other countries it is largely a wild species. Within Brazil, the P. megistus's range stretches from the northeast to the south of the country, corresponding roughly with the Atlantic Forest region, though the species also occupies parts of the caatinga and cerrado ecoregions. The states of Bahia and Minas Gerais have the highest populations of P. megistus in Brazil. In southern parts of the country, domestic colonization is rare.
The species was described in 1835 by Hermann Burmeister, who termed it Conorhinus megistus. It was identified as a vector for Chagas disease in Carlos Chagas's original 1909 description of the condition. The insects are typically black in colour with red markings.
| 2.484375
| 0
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69893875
|
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Courage%20Has%20No%20Color
|
Courage Has No Color
|
Courage Has No Color: The True Story of the Triple Nickles, America's First Black Paratroopers is a nonfiction book geared toward children, written by Tanya Lee Stone and published January 22, 2013 by Candlewick Press. The book tells the story of the 555th Parachute Infantry Battalion, nicknamed The Triple Nickles, an all-Black airborne unit of the United States Army during World War II.
In 2014, the book won the NAACP Image Award for Outstanding Literary Work – Youth/Teens.
Reception
Courage Has No Color is a Junior Library Guild book. It received starred reviews from Booklist, Publishers Weekly, and Kirkus, as well as positive reviews from The Bulletin of the Center for Children's Books, The Washington Post, and School Library Journal.
Kirkus called the book "[a]n exceptionally well-researched, lovingly crafted and important tribute to unsung American heroes." Publishers Weekly called it "[a] captivating look at a small but significant piece of military and civil rights history."
The New York Public Library, The Bulletin, Publishers Weekly, and Kirkus named Courage Has No Color one of the best nonfiction children's books of 2013. The Center for the Study of Multicultural Children's Literature included it in their list of the best multicultural children's books of the year.
| 2.59375
| 0
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69893876
|
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Stephen%20L.%20Hoffman
|
Stephen L. Hoffman
|
Treatment of severe typhoid fever. He established that high dose dexamethasone treatment reduced mortality of severe typhoid fever by more than 80%.
Understanding of pre-erythrocytic (liver) stage protective immunity against malaria. He reported the first demonstration of killing of infected hepatocytes (liver cells) by malaria sporozoite specific T cells, the first demonstration of human cytotoxic T lymphocytes against any parasite, and the complexity of protective immunity at this stage of the parasite life cycle.
Development of DNA vaccines and prime boost approaches. He conducted the first trial of a DNA or any other nucleotide vaccine in a normal human and made the first demonstration that a DNA vaccine induced CD8+ cytotoxic T cells in humans.
Sequencing of the genomes of Plasmodium falciparum, the parasite that causes more than 98% of deaths from malaria and Anopheles gambiae, the major malaria transmitting mosquito in Africa. He was the senior author on the papers reporting the sequences of the first Plasmodium falciparum chromosome and of Anopheles gambiae, the major mosquito vector of malaria in Africa.
| 2.125
| 0
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69894275
|
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Visalia%20Transit
|
Visalia Transit
|
Visalia Transit is the primary bus agency serving residents and visitors to Visalia, California, the largest city and county seat of Tulare County, California. It is operated by the city through its contractor RATP Dev (replacing Transdev on October 1st, 2024) and offers both fixed routes and dial-a-ride local service within Visalia. In , the system had a ridership of , or about per weekday as of .
Most routes operate out of the central transit center in Downtown Visalia. There are three secondary hubs located on the city's north, west, and south sides. Buses connecting Visalia's central transit hub to nearby census-designated places are handled by the Tulare County Regional Transit Agency including services to Dinuba (Route C10) and Woodlake (Route C30); Route C40 connects the southern hub in Visalia (Government Center) with Tulare and Porterville.
History
Public transportation in Visalia was initially provided by the Visalia Electric Railroad, which operated streetcars between 1904 and 1924. Local transit operations were taken over by the city of Visalia in 1981, spurred by growth in the city's size and population. The first routes were spokes radiating from a downtown hub; service expansion since then has included newer developments south and west of the original urban core, and routes to outlying communities such as Exeter, Farmersville, and Goshen.
The Visalia Towne Trolley service, operating a circulation route in downtown Visalia, started in November 1998. The Towne Trolley was discontinued in September 2017 due to low ridership and were made available for charter service, but low use led the City Council to sell four of the five trolleys in January 2019.
| 2.203125
| 0
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69894529
|
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Franz%20von%20Hatzfeldt-Wildenburg
|
Franz von Hatzfeldt-Wildenburg
|
Franz Edmund Joseph Gabriel Vitus Prinz von Hatzfeldt-Wildenburg (15 June 1853 – 4 November 1910) was a German aristocrat and a racehorse owner.
Early life and ancestry
Franz was born at Marxheim in Bavaria on 15 June 1853. He was the only son of Alfred, Prince von Hatzfeldt-Wildenburg (1825–1911) and Countess Gabriele von Dietrichstein-Proskau-Leslie (1825–1909). His younger sister Antonia (1856–1933) married Count Michael Robert von Althann (1853–1919).
The marriage of his paternal grandparents, who were distant cousins, Count Edmund von Hatzfeldt-Wildenburg (1798-1874) and Countess Sophie von Hatzfeldt-Trachenberg (1805–1881) (a daughter of Prussian general Prince Franz Ludwig von Hatzfeldt zu Trachenberg) unified the House of Hatzfeld. The Hatzfeld-Wildenburg-Weisweiler branch of the Hatzfeldt family had inherited Crottorf, Schönstein, Kalkum among other properties in 1794 and became Prussian Princes of Hatzfeldt-Wildenburg in 1870. His uncle was Count Paul von Hatzfeldt (1831–1901), the German Ambassador to the United Kingdom. His maternal grandparents were Joseph Franz, Prince of Dietrichstein and the former Gabriele, Countess Wratislav von Mitrowitz (1804–1880). From her parents, Franz's mother inherited Lipník nad Bečvou, Hranice na Moravě and the rest of her family's Moravian estates.
Career
After being educated in the academies of Germany, he took an interest in the diplomatic services and served as an attaché in the German Embassy in Washington, D.C.
A noted race-horse owner, on 30 March 1906 Prince Franz's horse, Ascetic's Silver, captured the 1906 Grand National which took place at Aintree near Liverpool, England.
| 1.953125
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69894529
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Franz%20von%20Hatzfeldt-Wildenburg
|
Franz von Hatzfeldt-Wildenburg
|
On 28 October 1889, Prince Franz von Hatzfeldt was married to Clara at St Wilfrid's Chapel at Brompton Oratory in London by the Bishop of Emmaus. The bride was given away by her father and the Prince was attended by his cousin, Count Hermann (Count Paul's son), and Prince Hohenlohe as groomsmen. After their marriage, they lived at Hatzfeldt Castle at Schönstein-on-the-Rhine before leasing Draycot House at Draycot Cerne in Wiltshire, England in 1896. Clara's father died in 1900, and Clara received a "fortune of more than $2,000,000", a sum which was later increased to $6,000,000 by agreement with Collis' widow.
Prince Franz died in London on 4 November 1910, seven months before his father (who passed away on 3 June 1911). As they had no children, his princely rights and estates were inherited by his cousin, Count Hermann von Hatzfeldt-Wildenburg (the only son of Count Paul von Hatzfeldt), who was the last Prince of Hatzfeldt-Wildenburg. His widow, who never remarried, died in England on 18 December 1928.
Ancestry
| 2.0625
| 0
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69895415
|
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sushil%20Atreya
|
Sushil Atreya
|
Sushil K. Atreya is a planetary scientist, educator, and researcher. Atreya is a professor of Climate and Space Sciences and Engineering at the University of Michigan, Ann Arbor.
Early life and education
Sushil Atreya received his Ph.D. in Atmospheric Science from the University of Michigan in 1973, master's degree in Physics from Yale University in 1968, and B.Sc. and M.Sc. degrees in Physics, Chemistry and Mathematics from the University of Rajasthan in 1965. Atreya did his postdoctoral research in the physics department at the University of Pittsburgh.
Career
Sushil Atreya has been a faculty member at the University of Michigan since 1974,
first as a research scientist until 1978, and then as an assistant professor from 1978 to 1981, associate professor from 1981 to 1987, and a full professor starting in 1987. Since 2006, Atreya is also a Distinguished Visiting Scientist at the Jet Propulsion Laboratory, California Institute of Technology. Atreya has held visiting professor and visiting astronomer positions at the Université de Paris - Pierre et Marie Curie, and Denis Diderot - and Observatoire de Paris-Meudon in France, and a visiting senior scientist position at Imperial College, London, UK.
Since the mid-1970, Sushil Atreya has been involved in various Solar System exploration missions of NASA, ESA, and JAXA. He is a co-investigator on the DAVINCI (Deep Atmosphere Venus Investigation of Noble gases, Chemistry and Imaging) mission to Venus on which he also leads the origins theme, a co-investigator on the Juno Jupiter Polar Orbiter mission, and a coinvestigator on the Mars Science Laboratory - Curiosity rover mission. Previously, Atreya was a coinvestigator on the Cassini-Huygens mission at the Saturn System, Venus Express, Mars Express, Galileo Jupiter Orbiter and Probe, and the Voyager missions at Jupiter, Saturn, Uranus and Neptune.
| 2.171875
| 0
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69895852
|
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sarah%20Escobar
|
Sarah Escobar
|
Sarah Escobar (born February 1, 2002) is an American skier who competes for Ecuador.
Biography
Sarah Escobar is the daughter of two Ecuadorians, Eleana and Fabian Escobar. They immigrated to the United States for a better life.
Early life and education
Escobar learned to ski when she was three and a half years old. She was attracted to the sport because her older brother was a skilled skier.
When she was nine years old, Escobar began competing in her home state of New Jersey. Shortly afterward, she started training at Waterville Valley Academy, a ski academy in Waterville Valley, New Hampshire, to improve her skills.
Escobar attends Saint Michael's College in Vermont, USA, where she studies psychology. She also belongs to the St. Michael's ski team. She expects to graduate in 2025.
Career
In 2020, Escobar became the first Ecuadorian to participate in the Winter Youth Olympics when she competed in Lausanne. She was part of the slalom, giant slalom, super-G, and combined events.
Escobar was the sole athlete representing Ecuador at the 2022 Winter Olympics in Beijing. She was also the first woman to represent Ecuador at the Winter Olympics. She competed in the giant slalom event, placing 60th in the first round. She was unable to complete the second round. Escobar said, "I am very excited and proud to represent Ecuadorian women my age and my country."
| 2.1875
| 0
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69895927
|
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nora%20J.%20Besansky
|
Nora J. Besansky
|
Once the results of her genome-sequencing project were published in 2010, Besansky was approved to start a cluster project that was upgraded to include 16 Anopheles species. Her original pilot project's genomic analysis revealed that M and S varieties of the Anopholes gambiae species were evolving into two distinct species. At the same time, she was appointed the Rev. John Cardinal O’Hara, C.S.C. Professor of Biological Sciences at the University of Notre Dame. In 2014, Besansky's second cluster project published the results of their investigation into the genetic differences between 16 Anopheles species. Their findings revealed a closer gene connection between the species and how it contributed to their flexibility to adapt to new environments and to seek out human blood. In the same year, she was elected a Fellow of the American Society of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene.
Besansky continued to focus on gene sequencing which resulted in the sequencing of the genetic code of the Y chromosome in An. gambiae and closely related species in 2016 using long single-molecule sequencing technology and physical mapping of DNA directly to the Y chromosome. Following this, Besansky was elected a Fellow of the Entomological Society of America and Royal Entomological Society. In 2020, Besansky was elected a member of the National Academy of Sciences for being an expert in the genomics of malaria vectors.
Personal life
Besansky and her husband, tropical disease researcher Frank H. Collins, have two sons together.
| 2.4375
| 0
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69896597
|
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Beeswing%20%28video%20game%29
|
Beeswing (video game)
|
The game features handmade watercolor art, and was inspired by The Legend of Zelda, Secret of Mana, EarthBound, and To the Moon, among others. King-Spooner felt that the watercolor art of Beeswing suited the washed out surroundings of Beeswing. Although the game shares features with an autobiographical documentary, King-Spooner wanted the game to work on its own as a piece of entertainment. King-Spooner chose to include no fighting or puzzles in the game because they would feel odd in the setting; the soundtrack was created by King-Spooner himself.
Spooner noted that the game is "a story about the past, about community and childhood, attachment and growing up. Scottish folk tales, morally dubious parables, cloudy anecdotes and more contemporary stories of homelessness and immigration all combine to create a truly dynamic narrative." According to King-Spooner, the people of the town of Beeswing, where the developer grew up, knew about the game and were supportive of King-Spooner's efforts in making it. King-Spooner created another game a couple of years later, called Dujanah, in which the main character was developed with a determination to be different from Beeswing's.
| 2.25
| 0
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69897269
|
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Berhanu%20Denqe
|
Berhanu Denqe
|
Berhanu Denqe (, 1918–June 18, 1992) was an Ethiopian author and diplomat. He was born to Aleqa Denqe, the head of the Entoto Raguel and Wechacha Mariam churches, and he died in Jefferson City, Missouri. He had a traditional Ethiopian Orthodox as well as Western education. He wrote ቄሳር እና አብዮት፣ ብቻዬን ቆሜያለሁ and አረሩ።. His other works are የኢትዮጵያ አጭር ታሪክ which was used as a textbook in the 1940s, and a play about Makeda, the Queen of Sheba (ንግሥተ ዓዜብ).
Berhanu Denqe’s ቄሳር እና አብዮት reveals some of the posts he held in Ethiopia, including the ministries of education and foreign affairs in the 1940s and 1950s. There are some anecdotal references to members of the nobility in high offices clashing with Berhanu over issues such as telephone bills. Berhanu was later sent to the USA as counselor to the Ethiopian embassy in 1955. He then became the ambassador in 1961 and stayed in the same post for about five years. In 1965, he resigned and went into exile. This is also explained in his book ቄሳር እና አብዮት. Later, he resigned to life in Jefferson City, Missouri where he wrote political booklets such as I stand Alone.
ቄሳር እና አብዮት is a memoir about Emperor Haile Selassie’s reign. In this book, Berhanu accuses the emperor of repeated attempts at his life while abroad and the suffering of his old mother in Ethiopia. Nevertheless, the book does not incriminate the emperor. The reason behind writing it was the incessant attacks at the emperor by the Derg and reflections on whether the emperor's rule was as terrible as portrayed by his successors.
| 2.078125
| 0
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69897443
|
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Third%20North%20Carolina%20Regiment%20%281898%E2%80%931899%29
|
Third North Carolina Regiment (1898–1899)
|
North Carolina had elected a Republican, Daniel Lindsay Russell, in 1896 through a strategy dubbed Fusionism organized by a coalition of Republicans and Populists, in which black Republican voters had played a significant role. Some North Carolinian blacks who had created informal militia units upon the outbreak of the war asked Russell to formally incorporate them into the state's contingent to be pressed into federal service. The United States Department of War had requested that North Carolina muster two white infantry regiments and a battery of artillery. Mindful of the political debt he owed to his black constituents, Russell sent one of his advisers, J. C. L. Harris, to Washington D.C. to persuade the War Department to either swap the artillery battery with a black infantry battalion or accept the creation of an all-black regiment. United States Senator Marion Butler, a Fusionist, attempted to persuade white officials to support the scheme by arguing that black men could "stand the climate of Cuba and are anxious to enlist". The department officially refused to alter its requested quota, and North Carolinian Fusionists including Washington Recorder of Deeds Henry P. Cheatham, Congressman George Henry White, and Senator Jeter Connelly Pritchard joined in the effort and lobbied the president for his assent.
Service
| 2.234375
| 0
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69897443
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Third%20North%20Carolina%20Regiment%20%281898%E2%80%931899%29
|
Third North Carolina Regiment (1898–1899)
|
The Third Regiment left Camp Poland for Georgia on November 23. The North Carolinians constituted part of the 4,000 black volunteers stationed at the camp, which became a significant grievance for local whites. Local white newspapers and the Governor of Georgia complained that the black troops were poorly-behaved and stoked violence, but most criticism was targeted at the Third Regiment due to its black leadership. The Atlanta Journal wrote, "A tougher and more turbulent set of Negroes were probably never gotten together before." President of the Raleigh-based Shaw University Charles F. Meserve was intrigued by the negative press and decided to travel to Camp Poland unannounced in late December to ascertain the situation. Many of the soldiers and officers were themselves former students at Shaw with whom he was personally acquainted. Meserve toured the Third Regiment's quarters and interviewed white staff officers at the camp. He reported that the barracks were "well nigh perfect" in terms of cleanliness, that Young forbade the serving of alcohol at the canteen, and wrote that the white provost marshal, Major John A. Logan Jr., had thought well of the unit's disciplinary situation. Captain J. C. Gresham, a white Virginian, said that "he had never met a more capable man than Colonel Young." Despite Meserve's assessment, white criticism of the regiment in the press continued. Four soldiers were murdered by white Georgians, who were all excused in court for justifiable homicide.
| 1.945313
| 0
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69897551
|
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Inayat%20Khan%20%28cricketer%29
|
Inayat Khan (cricketer)
|
Inayat Khan (born 19 October 1922) was a Pakistani cricketer who played first-class cricket from 1941 to 1950, and played for Pakistan in the years before Pakistan played Test cricket.
Cricket career
Khan was born in Lahore. His father Saleh Mohammad played first-class cricket as an all-rounder for Muslims in the Bombay Quadrangular and the Lahore Tournament between 1912 and 1930.
Khan was a right-handed batsman and right-arm fast-medium bowler. He scored his only first-class century, 100 retired out, for North Zone in the Zonal Quadrangular Tournament in February 1946. His captain, the Nawab of Pataudi, declared when Khan reached his hundred, but when both teams had returned to the dressing rooms the umpires pointed out that under the Laws at the time no team could declare on the first day of a three-day game. North Zone had to return to the wicket but Khan and Pataudi, the two not out batsmen, chose to retire. An economical bowler, Khan took figures of 55–29–59–3 for Sind against Bombay in the Ranji Trophy in November 1944.
Khan was selected to play for Pakistan in the first of two matches against Ceylon in March 1950. He scored a duck in the first match, which Pakistan won by an innings, and was not selected for the second. He played no further first-class cricket.
| 2.046875
| 0
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69898293
|
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Teo%20Cheng%20Kiat
|
Teo Cheng Kiat
|
Criminal conduct
Beginning from 9 February 1987, when he was still a clerk at Singapore Airlines (SIA), 34-year-old Teo Cheng Kiat began to misappropriate money from SIA. Teo's misappropriation continued even after he was promoted to cabin crew supervisor from 1 September 1988 onwards.
As cabin crew supervisor, Teo's duty was to oversee the processing of cabin crew allowances, which were to be paid to the cabin crew members. Teo had the right to make adjustments to the allowance system, could determine the name of the crew member who was to be paid, the amount payable and the receiving bank account number. A particular type of allowance (the Meal and Overnight Allowance), which was tax-free and payable only to cabin crew, was
processed and paid directly to the cabin crew by Teo's department. Each crew member maintained a bank account with United Overseas Bank (UOB) and the money paid would be transferred by the Bank from the airline's account to the respective crew members’ accounts directly.
Teo was able to exploit this system by using the names of crew members who did not fly on various flights to make false claims and channeled the payments to his own bank accounts. Teo also opened bank accounts under the joint names of his wife and sister-in-law, and also under the joint names of himself and his wife. He made use of these accounts to keep the money he stole from the payments, and used fictitious adjustments for extra payments of allowances to enable him to embezzle money from these payments while maintaining the full due payment of each crew member's allowances. He even amended the computerized reports to enable himself from escaping detection.
| 1.9375
| 0
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69898377
|
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Natural%20hydrogen
|
Natural hydrogen
|
During the 2020s, interest in natural hydrogen has increased and investments have been made to develop natural hydrogen wells in the US, France and Australia. In France, one petroleum company, Française De l’Énergie, has said that it aims to begin extracting hydrogen by 2027 or 2028.
Natural hydrogen sources
Sources of natural hydrogen include:
degassing of deep hydrogen from Earth's crust and mantle;
reaction of water with ultrabasic rocks (serpentinisation);
water in contact with reducing agents in Earth's mantle;
weathering – water in contact with freshly exposed rock surfaces;
decomposition of hydroxyl ions in the structure of minerals;
natural water radiolysis;
decomposition of organic matter;
biological activity
Serpentinization is thought to produce approximately 80% of the world's hydrogen, especially as seawater interacts with iron- and magnesium-rich (ultramafic) igneous rocks in the ocean floor. Current models point towards radiolysis as the source of most other natural hydrogen.
Resources and reserves
According to the Financial Times, there are 5 trillion tons of natural hydrogen resources worldwide. Most of this hydrogen is likely dispersed too widely to be economically recoverable, but the U.S. Geological Survey has reported that even a fractional recovery could meet global demand for hundreds of years. A discovery in Russia in 2008 suggests the possibility of extracting native hydrogen in geological environments. Resources have been identified in France, Mali, the United States, and approximately a dozen other countries.
In 2023 Pironon and de Donato announced the discovery of a deposit they estimated to be some 46 million to 260 million metric tons (several years worth of 2020s production). In 2024, a natural deposit of helium and hydrogen was discovered in Rukwa, Tanzania., as well in Bulqizë, Albania.
Midcontinent Rift System
| 2.65625
| 0
|
69898487
|
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jessy%20W.%20Grizzle
|
Jessy W. Grizzle
|
Jessy W. Grizzle is an American engineer and Elmer G. Gilbert Distinguished University Professor of Engineering at the University of Michigan. He is also the Jerry W. and Carol L. Levin Professor of Engineering.
Awards and honors
Jessy W. Grizzle has been recognized for his contributions to engineering and robotics. He is a Fellow of the IEEE.
He received the Paper of the Year Award from the IEEE Vehicular Technology Society in 1993, the George S. Axelby Award in 2002, the Control Systems Technology Award in 2003, the Bode Prize in 2012, the IEEE Transactions on Control Systems Technology Outstanding Paper Award in 2014, the IEEE Transactions on Automation Science and Engineering, Googol Best New Application Paper Award in 2019, and the Kalman Prize for Best Paper in the Journal of Dynamic Systems Measurement and Control in 2023.
He holds the Guinness Book of World Records' record for operating a bipedal robot for the longest time in the coldest temperature (-22C for 1 hour and 2 minutes in 2019). His work on bipedal locomotion has been the subject of numerous plenary lectures and has been featured on CNN, ESPN, and more.
| 2.1875
| 0
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69898511
|
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Harry%20L.T.%20Mobley
|
Harry L.T. Mobley
|
Uropathogenic Escherichia coli. Urinary tract infection (UTI) is the most frequently diagnosed kidney and urologic disease and E. coli is by far its most common etiologic agent, accounting for more than 80% of uncomplicated UTIs in otherwise healthy individuals (~90% of infections affect women). Recurrent UTI is common among girls and young nonpregnant women who are healthy and have anatomically normal urinary tracts. These infections are a main source of morbidity and health-care cost in this population. The Mobley Lab investigated the virulence mechanisms of this species for four decades. The genome of type strain, E. coli CFT073, isolated by his group from a hospitalized patient with acute pyelonephritis and bacteremia was sequenced and annotated in a collaborative effort and was only the third E. coli genome to be sequenced. They identified 13 pathogenicity islands inserted into the genome and characterized virulence determinants including P and type 1 fimbriae, flagella, hemolysin (other toxins), and multiple iron acquisition systems. The latter proteins (siderophore- and heme-receptors), which are always highly expressed during infection, were used to develop an experimental vaccine to protect against UTI. In addition, using a pathogen-specific microarray, they measured expression levels for all genes from E. coli CFT073 collected directly from the urine of experimentally infected mice and women with cystitis. This identified all genes that were expressed in vivo. They extended these studies by measuring global gene expression in E. coli strains in the urine of women during active UTIs using RNA-Seq technologies. These studies identified novel transport systems induced specifically in humans during an active infection. Further, they determined, using “peak-to-trough” measurements of the ratio of the origin or chromosomal replication to the terminus of replication for E
| 2.3125
| 0
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69898624
|
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Church%20of%20St.%20Athanasius%20in%20Poroishte
|
Church of St. Athanasius in Poroishte
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The Orthodox church of St. Athanasius is a church in Poroishte, Bulgaria, near Razgrad. It was built in the 17th century, and was built with a single nave dug into the ground. Nowadays, it is the only dug-in church left from the Ottoman rule in Northeastern Bulgaria.
History
At the start of the 17th century, the wealthy dwellers of the village of Arnaut Kui, now Poroishte near Razgrad, decided to construct four places of worship bearing the names of Christian Orthodox saints – St. Demetrios, St. Nicholas, St. Virgin Mary, and St. Athanasius. All four temples were erected in the characteristic Arbanas (meaning “Albanian” in Bulgarian) style of sacred architecture – completely built out of stone glued together by mud mortar, semi dug-in, with a single nave and two premises: a narthex (vestibule) and an elongated inner space (nave), lavishly decorated frescoes, and a gable roof.
In 1810, during the Russo-Turkish war (1806-1812), the village was set on fire and some of the churches were destroyed. After the end of the war, the members of no more than 30 households returned to Arnaut Kui, gradually mixing with newly arrived families from the Balkan, more precisely from the areas of Elena and Tarnovo.
Another Russo-Turkish War of 1828-1829 brought about more migratory waves of people from the Balkan settling in the village. In the aftermath of the subsequent Treaty of Adrianople of 1829 between Imperial Russia and the Ottoman Empire, the people of Arnaut Kui took the decision of reconstructing the St. Athanasius church. To comply with the existing Ottoman instructions about the height of a Christian temple, the foundations of the building had to be removed by 1.80 m further down in the ground. In this process, a water spring gushed out, whose waters had to be conducted to a recently built slaughterhouse in the same vicinity. Nevertheless, remnants of that groundwater spring still damage parts of the church walls.
| 2.265625
| 0
|
69898871
|
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Camp%20Nong%20Pladuk
|
Camp Nong Pladuk
|
Camp Nong Pladuk (also: Nompuradokku) was a Japanese prisoner of war transit camp during World War II. It was located about five kilometres from the main railway station of Ban Pong near a junction station on the Southern Line to Bangkok. Nong Pladuk served as the starting point of the Burma Railroad. Numerous British, Dutch, and allied troops passed through Nong Pladuk to construct the railroad. Nowadays, it serves as a rail road maintenance and repair facility.
History
In 1939, plans had been developed by the Empire of Japan to construct a railway connecting Thailand with Burma. Nong Pladuk was chosen as the starting point, because it was the location of rail yard on the Southern Line to Bangkok. A camp was constructed to the north of the railway.
On 23 June 1942, the first 600 British prisoners arrived from the First Mainland Party led by Major R.S. Sykes of the 18th Infantry Division. The first groups were tasked to clear the forest, built the shelters, and a Japanese workshop.
The barracks were made of wood with bamboo matting, and contained 200 to 300 prisoners each. There were originally six huts, a cook house with Chinese, British and Dutch canteens, a bamboo church, Japanese quarters and a guardroom. The camp was originally built to house 2,000 prisoners, but was gradually enlarged for 8,000 prisoners. On 16 September 1942, railway construction started at both ends of the planned line.
Camp Nong Pladuk was initially used as a transit camp from where the prisoners were transported or had to walk to work camps along the Burma Railway. Later Nong Pladuk was also used a revalidation camp. The work camps were numbered according to the distance in kilometres from Nong Pladuk.
During World War II, at least 23,289 British, 12,329 Dutch, 4,708 Australian, 482 American, and 7,030 undetermined soldiers passed through the camp. Of the 61,811 prisoners deployed on both sides of the railway line, 12,619 died. Of the estimated 177,700 civilian forced laborers deployed, 85,400 died.
| 2.515625
| 0
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69898989
|
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nicholas%20Sz%C3%A1k
|
Nicholas Szák
|
Confidant of Andrew II
By the early 1220s, Nicholas Szák became one of the staunchest confidants of King Andrew II, who adopted "new institutions" and distributed large portions of the royal domain – royal castles and all estates attached to them – as inheritable grants to his supporters. Nicholas was one of the beneficiary courtiers at this time. Sometime around 1220, Nicholas was granted with a right of inheritance the whole territory of the ispánate of Locsmánd (Luchman, today Lutzmannsburg), located in Sopron County along the border with Austria, and its accessories, including the fortified castle of Lánzsér (present-day Landsee, part of Markt Sankt Martin in Austria). There are assumptions that Nicholas Szák built the fortress of Lánzsér based on the crusader castles in the Holy Land. Prior to 1222, Nicholas exchanged his villages Veperd and Kislók (present-day Weppersdorf and Unterfrauenhaid in Austria, respectively) with his king for unidentified landholdings in Sopron County. The monarch donated the two settlements to Pousa Szák in 1222, because of his imprisonment in "Greek land", when hurried before the king returning from the Holy Land in 1218.
| 2.359375
| 0
|
69898998
|
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chelmos-Vouraikos%20UNESCO%20Global%20Geopark
|
Chelmos-Vouraikos UNESCO Global Geopark
|
Palaeochori lignite beds (lignite beds of xylite type in marls, clays, with fossil plant macroremains)
Lithological geosites
Mamousia-Rouskio (Flysch Olonos-Pindos Zone)
Kerpinis’ stage (conglomerates)
Roghi-wind generators (Olonos-Pindos Zone)
Xidias (lignite beds of xylite type)
Priolithos-Clastic horizon (sandstones, siltstones, nodules, Olonos-Pindos Zone)
Vesini (radiolarites, Olonos-Pindos zone)
Area of Solos (phyllites, schists, volcanic rocks)
Pausanias Vine (Olonos-Pindos Zone)
Hydrological geosites
Doxa lake (mylonites)
Tsivlos Lake (landslide)
Wildlife
The different geomorphosites (mountains, caves etc), the abundant water availability and the local climate are the basis for a rich biodiversity in the Geopark. The great geodiversity provides many opportunities for the formation of niches for numerous animal and plant species. Therefore, the ecological value for the flora and fauna of the region is immense.
Flora
The Chelmos-Vouraikos Geopark hosts more than 1100 plant species. Among them there are Greek endemics, endemics of Peloponnese or local endemic plant species, many of which either belong to one of the IUCN Red Data Book risk categories, and/or are included in an international conservation regime. The existence of these rare plants is always connected with the soil type. In this context, the limestone mountain Chelmos plays an important role. Due to its considerable habitat diversity, thirty endemic species of the Peloponnese, more than one hundred Greek endemics and five local endemics of Chelmos can be found in this area. One of these plants is Globularia stygia, which got its name from the Styx waters geosite. This species underlines the ecological value of the mount Chelmos, being a priority species of the European Directive 92/43. It grows on rocks in gorges, on ledges, in open scree slopes, on limestone, at an altitude of 1150-2300 meters. Furthermore, a lot of pharmaceutical plants can be found in the region of the Geopark.
| 2.296875
| 0
|
69899099
|
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Louis%20Fensterbank
|
Louis Fensterbank
|
Louis Fensterbank is a French scientist specialized in molecular chemistry. Professor at Sorbonne University and Senior Member of Institut Universitaire de France, he has been the director of the Institut Parisien de Chimie Moléculaire since 2017.
Biography
In 1990, Fensterbank graduated as chemical engineer from Ecole Supérieure de Chimie Industrielle de Lyon, now École Supérieure de Chimie Physique Électronique de Lyon. He obtained his PhD in 1993 at the State University of New York at Stony Brook under the guidance of Scott Sieburth. Following a lecturer position at the Pierre and Marie Curie University (UPMC), he was appointed in 1995 by the French National Centre for Scientific Research as a chargé de recherche with Max Malacria. In 2004, he became professor at UPMC, now Sorbonne Université.
Research
Louis Fensterbank's research objectives deal with the invention of synthetic methods by means of three interconnected themes: radical chemistry, organometallic catalysis and organosilicon chemistry. He developed original radical processes using new partners that lead to complex molecular systems. In the context of a "greener" radical chemistry, new radical promotors have been invented. These studies have also stimulated the development of new redox systems based on the oxidation of anions (enolates, trifluoroborates and silicates). Photoredox versions of these processes have been devised.
His contribution in organometallic catalysis has focused on the electrophilic activation of π-systems by gold or platinum complexes, which allows expedient access to polycyclic systems from polyunsaturated substrates and can be applied to the total synthesis of complex terpenes. Mechanistic studies, as well as the development of enantioselective versions of these reactions have accompanied these works. His group is now involved in the photoactivation of gold-catalyzed processes, notably via photosensitization
| 2.40625
| 0
|
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