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312665 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/CV/gate | CV/gate | CV/gate (an abbreviation of control voltage/gate) is an analog method of controlling synthesizers, drum machines, and similar equipment with external sequencers. The control voltage typically controls pitch and the gate signal controls note on-off.
This method was widely used in the epoch of analog modular synthesize... | 2.5625 | 0 |
312665 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/CV/gate | CV/gate | In modular synthesizers, each synthesizer component (e.g., low frequency oscillation (LFO), voltage controlled filter (VCF), etc.) can be connected to another component by means of a patch cable that transmits voltage. Changes in that voltage cause changes to one or more parameters of the component. This frequently inv... | 2.765625 | 0 |
312665 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/CV/gate | CV/gate | CV control of parameters other than pitch usually follows the same pattern of minimum to maximum voltage. For example, Moog modular synthesizers use the 0 V - 5 V control voltage for all other parameters. They are represented on the front panel of many synthesizers as knobs, but often a patch bay allows the input or ou... | 2.609375 | 0 |
312665 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/CV/gate | CV/gate | One of the main advantages of CV/gate over MIDI is in the resolution. The fundamental MIDI control message uses seven bits or 128 possible steps for resolution. Thirty two controls per channel allow MSB (Most Significant Byte) and LSB (Least Significant Byte) together to specify 14 bits or 16,384 possible steps of tota... | 2.125 | 0 |
312669 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/CIH%20%28computer%20virus%29 | CIH (computer virus) | CIH, also known as Chernobyl or Spacefiller, is a Microsoft Windows 9x computer virus that first emerged in 1998. Its payload is highly destructive to vulnerable systems, overwriting critical information on infected system drives and, in some cases, destroying the system BIOS. The virus was created by Chen Ing-hau (陳盈豪... | 2.28125 | 0 |
312669 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/CIH%20%28computer%20virus%29 | CIH (computer virus) | History
The virus first emerged in 1998. In March 1999, several thousand IBM Aptivas shipped with the CIH virus, just one month before the virus would trigger. In July 1999, copies of remote administration tool Back Orifice 2000 given out to DEF CON 7 attendees were discovered by the organizers to have been infected wi... | 2.1875 | 0 |
312669 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/CIH%20%28computer%20virus%29 | CIH (computer virus) | CIH infects Portable Executable files by splitting the bulk of its code into small slivers inserted into the inter-section gaps commonly seen in PE files and writing a small re-assembly routine and table of its own code segments' locations into unused space in the tail of the PE header. This earned CIH another name, "S... | 1.953125 | 0 |
312671 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mechanosynthesis | Mechanosynthesis | Most theoretical explorations of advanced machines of this kind have focused on using carbon, because of the many strong bonds it can form, the many types of chemistry these bonds permit, and utility of these bonds in medical and mechanical applications. Carbon forms diamond, for example, which if cheaply available, wo... | 1.96875 | 0 |
312671 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mechanosynthesis | Mechanosynthesis | The goal of one line of mechanoassembly research focuses on overcoming these problems by calibration, and selection of appropriate synthesis reactions. Some suggest attempting to develop a specialized, very small (roughly 1,000 nanometers on a side) machine tool that can build copies of itself using mechanochemical mea... | 2.171875 | 0 |
312675 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jacques%20Hadamard | Jacques Hadamard | Jacques Salomon Hadamard (; 8 December 1865 – 17 October 1963) was a French mathematician who made major contributions in number theory, complex analysis, differential geometry, and partial differential equations.
Biography
The son of a teacher, Amédée Hadamard, of Jewish descent, and Claire Marie Jeanne Picard, Hada... | 2.140625 | 0 |
312675 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jacques%20Hadamard | Jacques Hadamard | On creativity
In his book Psychology of Invention in the Mathematical Field, Hadamard uses the results of introspection to study mathematical thought processes, and tries to report and interpret observations, personal or gathered from other scholars engaged in the work of invention. In sharp contrast to authors who ide... | 2.375 | 0 |
312678 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Footpath | Footpath | Rights of way
In England and Wales, public footpaths are rights of way on which pedestrians have a legally protected right to travel. Other public rights of way in England and Wales, such as bridleways, byways, towpaths, and green lanes are also used by pedestrians. In Scotland there is no legal distinction between a f... | 3 | 0 |
312678 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Footpath | Footpath | The Open Spaces Society is a charitable British organisation that works to protect public rights of way and open spaces in the United Kingdom, such as common land and village greens. It is Britain's oldest national conservation body. The society was founded as the Commons Preservation Society and merged with the Nation... | 2.734375 | 0 |
312678 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Footpath | Footpath | In the US and Canada, where urban sprawl has begun to strike even the most rural communities, developers and local leaders are currently striving to make their communities more conducive to non-motorized transportation through the use of less traditional paths. The Robert Wood Johnson Foundation has established the Act... | 2.78125 | 0 |
312678 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Footpath | Footpath | Because of topography, steps (stairs) are the predominant form of alley in hilly cities and towns. This includes Pittsburgh (see Steps of Pittsburgh), Cincinnati (see Steps of Cincinnati), Portland, Oregon, Seattle, and San Francisco in the United States, as well as Hong Kong, and Rome.
Long-distance paths
Footpaths ... | 2.6875 | 0 |
312678 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Footpath | Footpath | Issues
The main issues in urban areas include maintenance, litter, crime, and lighting after dark. In the countryside there are issues relating to conflicts between walkers and livestock, and these occasionally result in people being injured or even killed. Dogs often contribute to such conflicts – see in England and W... | 2.671875 | 0 |
312686 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hellenic%20Statistical%20Authority | Hellenic Statistical Authority | The Hellenic Statistical Authority ( ), known by its acronym ELSTAT (), is the national statistical service of Greece.
The purpose of ELSTAT is to produce, on a regular basis, official statistics, as well as to conduct statistical surveys which:
cover all the fields of activity of the public and private sector,
unde... | 2.0625 | 0 |
312694 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cornelia%20%28mother%20of%20the%20Gracchi%29 | Cornelia (mother of the Gracchi) | Cornelia (c. 190s – c. 115 BC) was the second daughter of Publius Cornelius Scipio Africanus, a Roman general prominent in the Second Punic War, and Aemilia Paulla. Although drawing similarities to prototypical examples of virtuous Roman women, such as Lucretia, Cornelia puts herself apart from the rest because of her ... | 2.34375 | 0 |
312694 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cornelia%20%28mother%20of%20the%20Gracchi%29 | Cornelia (mother of the Gracchi) | A common social practice in Rome was extending the political line of a family through dynastic marriages, especially when two families were rising to power at about the same time. The marriage of Sempronia (Cornelia's daughter) to her cousin reaffirmed the continuation of the great Scipio lineage, seeing as though the ... | 2.171875 | 0 |
312694 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cornelia%20%28mother%20of%20the%20Gracchi%29 | Cornelia (mother of the Gracchi) | Cornelia's letter excerpts
The manuscripts of Cornelius Nepos, the earliest Latin biographer (ca. 110-24 BC), include several excerpts from a letter supposedly composed by Cornelia to Gaius (her younger son). If the letters are authentic, they would make Cornelia one of only four Roman women whose writings survive to ... | 2.703125 | 0 |
312694 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cornelia%20%28mother%20of%20the%20Gracchi%29 | Cornelia (mother of the Gracchi) | The Cornelia statue
After her death, a marble statue of Cornelia was erected, but only the base has survived; it is "the first likeness of a secular Roman woman set up by her contemporaries in a public space". Her statue endured during the revolutionary reign of Sulla, and she became a model for future Roman women culm... | 2.5 | 0 |
312694 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cornelia%20%28mother%20of%20the%20Gracchi%29 | Cornelia (mother of the Gracchi) | With the Fragments being the only primary source material produced by Cornelia that survive, the reconstruction of the historical Cornelia relies mainly on how later Roman writers saw her. This is problematic because Roman depictions of Cornelia clearly change over time. The earliest image of Cornelia, painted largely ... | 2.484375 | 0 |
312694 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cornelia%20%28mother%20of%20the%20Gracchi%29 | Cornelia (mother of the Gracchi) | Cornelia also serves as the feminine personification of the State of Ohio. A prominent statue of her carries the iconic phrase attributed to her, "These are my jewels", as its title and has stood on the grounds of the Statehouse for most of its history. This installation, which is often simply called Ohio's Jewels was ... | 1.90625 | 0 |
312696 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Battle%20of%20Lodi | Battle of Lodi | The French advance guard caught up with Josef Vukassovich's Austrian rear-guard at about 9 am on 10 May and after a clash followed them towards Lodi. Vukassovich was soon relieved by Gerhard Rosselmini's covering force near the town. The town's defences were not strong, the defenders were few, and the French were able ... | 2.109375 | 0 |
312696 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Battle%20of%20Lodi | Battle of Lodi | After bombarding the Austrian positions for several hours, at about 6 pm the French prepared to attack. Marc Antoine de Beaumont's cavalry was sent to ford the river upstream while the 2nd battalion of carabiniers (elite light infantry) was readied inside the walls of the town for an assault onto the bridge itself. The... | 2.0625 | 0 |
312698 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cato%20the%20Younger | Cato the Younger | He and his sister Porcia were orphaned, probably before Cato was four years old, and the children were taken in by their maternal uncle, Marcus Livius Drusus. After Drusus' death and the resulting start of the Social war in 91 BC, Cato and his sister probably came into the household of his mother's older brother, Mamer... | 2.6875 | 0 |
312698 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cato%20the%20Younger | Cato the Younger | He also started to adopt a pattern of ostentatious public antiquarianism. To that end, he adopted an austere lifestyle where he refused to travel long distances on horseback (preferring to walk), travelled the city barefoot, and wore only a toga without a tunic. His sartorial choices were modelled on statues of Rome's ... | 2.265625 | 0 |
312698 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cato%20the%20Younger | Cato the Younger | He instead married Atilia, the daughter of an Atilius Serranus (the specific identity is unknown). While the gens Atilia had consular ancestors, it had not been successful in reaching the consulship after the end of the second century BC. By her, he later had a son, Marcus Porcius Cato, and a daughter, Porcia. Around t... | 2.859375 | 0 |
312698 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cato%20the%20Younger | Cato the Younger | During his service in Macedonia, he received the news that his beloved half-brother Caepio was ill and dying in Thrace. He immediately went to see him but was unable to arrive before his brother's death. Cato was overwhelmed by grief and, ignoring Stoic principles of apatheia (living without passions), he spared no exp... | 2.734375 | 0 |
312698 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cato%20the%20Younger | Cato the Younger | One of the other tribunes of the plebs, Metellus Nepos, proposed two bills to grant Pompey additional honours. The first would transfer command of the (nearly completed) campaign against Catiline in northern Italy to Pompey. The second would have allowed Pompey to stand in absentia for the consulship of 61 BC and to le... | 2.234375 | 0 |
312698 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cato%20the%20Younger | Cato the Younger | Later, Cato, with another fellow tribune named Lucius Marius, passed a law establishing penalties for military commanders who misrepresented the number of enemies or Roman soldiers killed in battles and required commanders to swear as to the accuracy of the numbers in their reports when returning from campaign. The law... | 2.234375 | 0 |
312698 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cato%20the%20Younger | Cato the Younger | Cato was fortunate to emerge into politics when much of the senate was devoid of senior consular leadership. The previous Social War, followed by Sulla's civil war and then the proscriptions, had destroyed a great number of senatorial families. Because of the great bloodletting of previous decades and a growing trend t... | 2.25 | 0 |
312698 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cato%20the%20Younger | Cato the Younger | The return of Caesar from Spain in June of 60 BC forced Caesar too to choose: he either could enter the city and give up his command to stand for the consulship or he would retain the command in hopes for a triumph, per the law passed during Cato's tribunate. Caesar requested dispensation from the law from the senate –... | 2.40625 | 0 |
312698 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cato%20the%20Younger | Cato the Younger | Bibulus, called to a public debate on the bill, offered no substantive reasons for opposition before exclaiming, in frustration, "You will not have this law this year, not even should you all want it!" Thereafter, Cato and Bibulus entered the forum every morning to declare unfavourable religious omens and preclude a vo... | 1.960938 | 0 |
312698 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cato%20the%20Younger | Cato the Younger | Pulcher had been elected during Caesar's consulship as one of the plebeian tribunes of 58 BC. Also in office were a number of triumvirate-friendly magistrates, including both consuls. In March of that year, Clodius promulgated a bill annexing the island of Cyprus. The assignment of governor was initially slated for one... | 2.03125 | 0 |
312698 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cato%20the%20Younger | Cato the Younger | After arriving in Cyprus and announcing annexation, the local king – a Roman ally – there killed himself rather than suffer the indignity of deposition. Cato then personally catalogued and solicited bids on all the royal possessions. In doing so, he demonstrated great diligence, but alienated some of his friends in the... | 2.25 | 0 |
312698 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cato%20the%20Younger | Cato the Younger | By 56 BC, the triumviral coalition was faring poorly. With Pompey attacked both by the conservative Cato-aligned senators and by Clodius – who was himself an independent operator – Pompey was forced to double down in his alliance with the other triumvirs. Added was the threat of Caesar's replacement in Gaul, setting up... | 2.03125 | 0 |
312698 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cato%20the%20Younger | Cato the Younger | Repeated tribunician vetoes prevented elections to be held in 54 for the magistrates for 53 BC. The ancient sources believe that the delays were artificially created to justify the creation of Pompey as dictator, calls which Cato and senators such as Marcus Junius Brutus, strongly opposed. After Cato praised Pompey on ... | 2.4375 | 0 |
312698 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cato%20the%20Younger | Cato the Younger | The year also was rocked with political violence between the duelling mobs led by Clodius and Titus Annius Milo, who also was standing for the consulship. Their months-long clashes, along with tribunician obstruction against the holding of elections, led again to calls for Pompey as dictator. After the year 52 started ... | 2.28125 | 0 |
312698 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cato%20the%20Younger | Cato the Younger | Cato's years of advocacy against Caesar had inculcated a confrontational anti-Caesarian policy among younger senators, hoping that a united senatorial front would force Caesar to fold. The success of his strategy of branding Caesar a tyrant convinced many senators to choose war over negotiations. By the weeks before th... | 2.640625 | 0 |
312698 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cato%20the%20Younger | Cato the Younger | Cato was not present at the Battle of Pharsalus. He had opposed the proposals that Pompey should chase Caesar down after his withdrawal from Dyrrhachium. Left behind in command at Dyrrhachium, also possibly for political reasons to remove critics (including Cicero) from decision-making following a prospective Pompeian ... | 2.28125 | 0 |
312698 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cato%20the%20Younger | Cato the Younger | The traditional political culture of the middle republic was one built around aristocratic compromise, political debate, and reform. The extent of Cato's obstruction broke down the traditional republican norms of compromise and discussion; escalation in response to that obstruction proved dangerous to the republic and ... | 2.703125 | 0 |
312700 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Legio%20III%20Cyrenaica | Legio III Cyrenaica | Legio III Cyrenaica, ( Third Legion "Cyrenean") was a legion of the Imperial Roman army. The legion had its origins among the forces of Mark Antony during the civil wars of late first century BC. In the Imperial period it was stationed in Egypt, where it played a key role in campaigns against the Nubians and Jews. In t... | 2.359375 | 0 |
312709 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Toccata | Toccata | Toccata (from Italian toccare, literally, "to touch", with "toccata" being the action of touching) is a virtuoso piece of music typically for a keyboard or plucked string instrument featuring fast-moving, lightly fingered or otherwise virtuosic passages or sections, with or without imitative or fugal interludes, genera... | 3.03125 | 0 |
312710 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cumbric | Cumbric | Cumbric is an extinct Celtic language of the Brittonic subgroup spoken during the Early Middle Ages in the Hen Ogledd or "Old North", in Northern England and the southern Scottish Lowlands. It was closely related to Old Welsh and the other Brittonic languages. Place-name evidence suggests Cumbric may also have been spo... | 2.921875 | 0 |
312710 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cumbric | Cumbric | John T. Koch defined the specifically Cumbric region as "the area approximately between the line of the River Mersey and the Forth-Clyde Isthmus", but went on to include evidence from the Wirral Peninsula in his discussion and did not define its easterly extent. Kenneth H. Jackson described Cumbric as "the Brittonic di... | 2.46875 | 0 |
312710 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cumbric | Cumbric | Derivatives of Common Brittonic *magno, such as Welsh maen and Cornish men, mean "stone", particularly one with a special purpose or significance. In the Cumbric region, the word "Man" frequently occurs in geographical names associated with standing stones (most notably the Old Man of Coniston) and it is possible, albe... | 2.796875 | 0 |
312710 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cumbric | Cumbric | Linguists appear undecided as to whether Cumbric should be considered a separate language, or a dialect of Old Welsh. Koch calls it a dialect but goes on to say that some of the place names in the Cumbric region "clearly reflect a developed medieval language, much like Welsh, Cornish or Breton". Jackson also calls it a... | 2.171875 | 0 |
312710 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cumbric | Cumbric | Retention of Brittonic *mb
There is evidence to suggest that the consonant cluster mb remained distinct in Cumbric later than the time it was assimilated to mm in Welsh, Cornish, and Breton. The cluster remains in:
Old English Cumbraland "land of Cumbrians" (from Common Brittonic *kombrogi, whence Welsh Cymru "Wales" ... | 1.976563 | 0 |
312710 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cumbric | Cumbric | There is also a significant number of place names which do not support this theory. Devoke Water and Cumdivock (< Dyfoc, according to Ekwall) and Derwent (< Common Brittonic Derwentiō) all have initial . The name Calder (< Brit. *Caletodubro-) in fact appears to show a voiced Cumbric consonant where Welsh has Calettwr ... | 2.015625 | 0 |
312710 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cumbric | Cumbric | Semantics of Penn
In the Book of Aneirin, a poem entitled "Peis Dinogat" (possibly set in the Lake District of Cumbria), contains a usage of the word penn "head" (attached to the names of several animals hunted by the protagonist), that is unique in medieval Welsh literature and may, according to Koch, reflect Cumbri... | 2.609375 | 0 |
312710 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cumbric | Cumbric | If this was an early dialectal variation, it can't be applied as a universal sound law, as the equivalent of W mynydd 'mountain' occurs in a number of Cumbric names with the spirant intact: E.g. Mindrum (Minethrum 1050) from 'mountain ridge' (Welsh mynydd trum). It might also be noted that Medieval Welsh forms of Caerl... | 2.21875 | 0 |
312710 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cumbric | Cumbric | In the Battle of the Standard in 1138, the Cumbrians are noted as a separate ethnic group. Given that their material culture was very similar to their Gaelic and Anglian neighbours, it is arguable that what set them apart was still their language. Also the castle at Castle Carrock – Castell Caerog – dates from around 1... | 2.796875 | 0 |
312710 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cumbric | Cumbric | The legal documents in the Lanercost Cartulary, dating from the late 12th century, show witnesses with Norman French or English names, and no obvious Cumbric names. Though these people represent the upper classes, it seems significant that by the late 12th century in the Lanercost area, Cumbric is not obvious in these ... | 2.46875 | 0 |
312714 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Red%20knot | Red knot | The red knot or just knot (Calidris canutus) is a medium-sized shorebird which breeds in tundra and the Arctic Cordillera in the far north of Canada, Europe, and Russia. It is a large member of the Calidris sandpipers, second only to the great knot. Six subspecies are recognised.
Their diet varies according to season;... | 2.734375 | 0 |
312714 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Red%20knot | Red knot | Studies based on mitochondrial sequence divergence and models of paleoclimatic changes during the glacial cycles suggest that canutus is the most basal population, separating about 20,000 years ago (95% confidence interval: 60,000–4,000 years ago) with two distinct lineages of the American and Siberian breeders emergin... | 3.03125 | 0 |
312714 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Red%20knot | Red knot | The large size, white wing bar and grey rump and tail make it easy to identify in flight. When feeding the short dark green legs give it a characteristic 'low-slung' appearance. When foraging singly, they rarely call, but when flying in a flock they make a low monosyllabic and when migrating they utter a disyllabic . ... | 2.953125 | 0 |
312714 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Red%20knot | Red knot | While feeding in mudflats during the winter and migration red knots are tactile feeders, probing for unseen prey in the mud. Their feeding techniques include the use of shallow probes into the mud while pacing along the shore. When the tide is ebbing, they tend to peck at the surface and in soft mud they may probe and ... | 2.96875 | 0 |
312714 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Red%20knot | Red knot | Stopover sites and food availability
As one of the “longest-distance migrants in the animal kingdom,” the red knot relies heavily on the same stopping sites each year along their migratory routes to refuel their bodies for completing their migrations to and from breeding sites. Red knots travel “in larger flocks than... | 3 | 0 |
312714 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Red%20knot | Red knot | Because of the interrelatedness between horseshoe crab egg abundance and red knot viability, the health of the horseshoe crab population is increasingly relevant in the discussion of red knot population fluctuation and success. Horseshoe crabs were harvested for fertilizer and to feed animals in the early 20th century,... | 2.84375 | 0 |
312714 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Red%20knot | Red knot | This is one of the species to which the Agreement on the Conservation of African-Eurasian Migratory Waterbirds (AEWA) applies. This commits signatories to regulate the taking of listed species or their eggs, to establish protected areas to conserve habitats for the listed species, to regulate hunting and to monitor the... | 3.0625 | 0 |
312716 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Baia%20Mare | Baia Mare | Geography
The city is situated in the vicinity of the Gutâi and mountains. Altitudes reach in some peaks. The area is famous for its outstanding landscapes, and the mountains are easily accessible from the city, notable routes being: Igniș (1,307 m), Mogoșa (1,246 m), Gutâi (1,443 m), Creasta Cocoșului (1,450 m), Pia... | 2.703125 | 0 |
312719 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Frankfurt%20National%20Assembly | Frankfurt National Assembly | The Frankfurt National Assembly () was the first freely elected parliament for all German states, including the German-populated areas of the Austrian Empire, elected on 1 May 1848 (see German federal election, 1848).
The session was held from 18 May 1848 to 30 May 1849 in the Paulskirche at Frankfurt am Main. Its exi... | 2.75 | 0 |
312719 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Frankfurt%20National%20Assembly | Frankfurt National Assembly | After the victory of Prussia, the United Kingdom, Imperial Russia, and other states over Napoléon in 1815, the Congress of Vienna created the German Confederation (Deutscher Bund). The Austrian Empire dominated this system of loosely connected, independent states, but the system failed to account for the rising influen... | 2.71875 | 0 |
312719 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Frankfurt%20National%20Assembly | Frankfurt National Assembly | The 1840s began with the Rhine Crisis, a primarily diplomatic scandal caused by the threat from the French prime minister Adolphe Thiers to invade Germany in a dispute between Paris and the four other Great Powers (including Austria and Prussia) over the Middle East. The threat alarmed the German Confederate Diet (Bund... | 2.9375 | 0 |
312719 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Frankfurt%20National%20Assembly | Frankfurt National Assembly | Meanwhile in the reform-oriented states, such as Baden, the development of a lively scene of Vereine (clubs or voluntary associations) provided an organizational framework for democratic, or popular, opposition. Especially in Southwest Germany, censorship could not effectively suppress the press. At such rallies as the... | 2.125 | 0 |
312719 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Frankfurt%20National%20Assembly | Frankfurt National Assembly | Between 1846 and 1848, broader European developments aggravated this tension. The Peasant Uprising in Galicia in February and March 1846 was a revolt against serfdom, directed against manorial property and social oppression. Rioting Galician peasants killed some 1,000 noblemen and destroyed about 500 manors. Despite it... | 2.546875 | 0 |
312719 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Frankfurt%20National%20Assembly | Frankfurt National Assembly | Organisation of the Nationalversammlung
On 18 May 1848, 379 deputies assembled in the Kaisersaal and walked solemnly to the Paulskirche to hold the first session of the German national assembly, under its chairman (by seniority) Friedrich Lang. Heinrich von Gagern, one of the best-known liberals throughout Germany, wa... | 2.375 | 0 |
312719 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Frankfurt%20National%20Assembly | Frankfurt National Assembly | Among other things, the rules of procedure provided that the meetings were public but could be confidential under certain conditions. In the 15 committees, the subjects of negotiation were pre-deliberated. It was settled on how applications were to be handled (twenty votes were needed for the plenary presentation) and ... | 2.25 | 0 |
312719 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Frankfurt%20National%20Assembly | Frankfurt National Assembly | Social background of the deputies
The social makeup of the deputies was very homogeneous throughout the session. The parliament mostly represented the educated bourgeoisie. 95% of deputies had the abitur, more than three-quarters had been to university, half of which had studied jurisprudence. A considerable number of... | 2.796875 | 0 |
312719 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Frankfurt%20National%20Assembly | Frankfurt National Assembly | Since the national assembly had not been initiated by the German Confederation, it was lacking not only major constitutional bodies, such as a head of state and a government, but also legal legitimation. A modification of the Bundesakte, the constitution of the German Confederation could have brought about such legitim... | 2.8125 | 0 |
312719 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Frankfurt%20National%20Assembly | Frankfurt National Assembly | The Parliament then dispatched a deputation to the Archduke to present the honor bestowed upon him. However, the Confederate Diet (Bundesversammlung) sent their own letter, which the Archduke received prior to the parliamentary deputation, informing him that the princes of the Confederation had nominated him Regent bef... | 2.34375 | 0 |
312719 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Frankfurt%20National%20Assembly | Frankfurt National Assembly | Influenced by the general nationalist atmosphere, the political situation in Schleswig and Holstein became especially explosive. According to the 1460 Treaty of Ribe, the two duchies were to remain eternally undivided and stood in personal union with Denmark. Nonetheless, only Holstein was part of the German Confederat... | 2.765625 | 0 |
312719 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Frankfurt%20National%20Assembly | Frankfurt National Assembly | Denmark landed 7,000 troops near Flensburg on 1 April 1848 to suppress the rebels. The Confederate Diet ordered Prussia to protect the duchies on 4 April and recognized the revolutionary government. But it was only when Denmark ordered its fleet to seize Prussian ships on 19 April that General Friedrich von Wrangel mar... | 2.71875 | 0 |
312719 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Frankfurt%20National%20Assembly | Frankfurt National Assembly | On 26 August, Prussia, under strong pressure from Britain, Russia, and Sweden, signed a six-month armistice with Denmark at Malmö. Its terms included the withdrawal of all German Confederate soldiers from Schleswig-Holstein and a shared administration of the land. No recognition was made of the Provisional Central Powe... | 2.375 | 0 |
312719 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Frankfurt%20National%20Assembly | Frankfurt National Assembly | Actual monies for the Navy did not become available until the Confederate Diet dissolved itself on 12 July 1848 and the Federal Fortress budget (Bundesmatrikularkasse) came into possession of the Provisional Central Power. The Regent then appointed the Bremen senator Arnold Duckwitz as Minister of the Marine (Minister ... | 2.359375 | 0 |
312719 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Frankfurt%20National%20Assembly | Frankfurt National Assembly | The fact that fate of the revolution was decided in Vienna and Berlin, that the key issues of life were dealt with in both those capitals without taking the slightest notice of the Frankfurt assembly—that fact alone is sufficient to prove that the institution was a mere debating club, consisting of an accumulation of g... | 2.328125 | 0 |
312719 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Frankfurt%20National%20Assembly | Frankfurt National Assembly | Remarkably, the National Assembly did not begin its mandated work of drafting the Constitution until 19 October 1848. Up to that time, exactly five months after the opening of the National Assembly, the deputies had failed to move forward with its most important task. However, they were driven to urgency by the violent... | 2.78125 | 0 |
312719 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Frankfurt%20National%20Assembly | Frankfurt National Assembly | The first reading of the Constitution was completed on 3 February 1849. A list of amendments were proposed by 29 governments in common and on 15 February Gottfried Ludolf Camphausen, Prussia's representative to the National Assembly, handed the draft to Prime Minister Gagern, who forwarded it to the Committee of the Pa... | 2.375 | 0 |
312719 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Frankfurt%20National%20Assembly | Frankfurt National Assembly | The second reading commenced on 23 March 1849 after agreements had been reached with the Center and the Left over procedure: It was to be read without interruption to the very end; every paragraph was to be voted upon as reported by the committee on the Constitution; amendments were to be considered only at the request... | 2.359375 | 0 |
312719 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Frankfurt%20National%20Assembly | Frankfurt National Assembly | On 3 April 1849, the Kaiserdeputation ("Emperor Deputation"), a group of deputies chosen by the National Assembly and headed by Simson, offered Frederick William the office of Emperor. He gave an evasive answer, arguing that he could not accept the crown without the agreement of the princes and Free Cities. In reality,... | 2.34375 | 0 |
312719 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Frankfurt%20National%20Assembly | Frankfurt National Assembly | Rump parliament and dissolution
On 5 April 1849, all Austrian deputies left Frankfurt. The new elections called for by Prime Minister Heinrich Gagern did not take place, further weakening the assembly. In desperation, Gagern demanded that the Regent personally intervene with the Princes to save the Constitution. Rem... | 2.453125 | 0 |
312719 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Frankfurt%20National%20Assembly | Frankfurt National Assembly | The Provisional Regency and People's Army
Since the Provisional Central Power and the Regent refused to acknowledge the new situation, the Rump Parliament declared both as dismissed and proclaimed a new provisional regency (Reichsregentschaft) led by five deputies Franz Raveaux, Carl Vogt, Heinrich Simon, Friedrich Sc... | 2.453125 | 0 |
312719 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Frankfurt%20National%20Assembly | Frankfurt National Assembly | Long-term political effects
The March Revolution led to a major increase of Prussia's political importance, though only gradually. By permitting the revolution to consolidate itself, and by supporting the Schleswig-Holstein rebellion with Prussian troops, the Hohenzollern dynasty was reviled in Scandinavia and especia... | 2.640625 | 0 |
312722 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Concert%20band | Concert band | A concert band, also called a wind band, wind ensemble, wind symphony, wind orchestra, symphonic band, the symphonic winds, or symphonic wind ensemble, is a performing ensemble consisting of members of the woodwind, brass, and percussion families of instruments, and occasionally including the harp, double bass, or bas... | 2.984375 | 0 |
312722 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Concert%20band | Concert band | In many traditional U.S. high schools, there are multiple band levels, distinguished by skill level or other factors. In such schools, an audition may be required to advance to further band levels, while the common level would be open to anyone. For example, in many U.S. high schools, "Concert Band" refers to the intro... | 3.28125 | 0 |
312722 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Concert%20band | Concert band | While largely made up of wind and percussion instruments, string instruments such as the string bass and concert harp are often scored for. The use of a harp dates back to its inclusion in the professional and military bands of John Philip Sousa and Edwin Franko Goldman. Such bands would often contain the top harpists ... | 3.03125 | 0 |
312726 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Roman%20festivals | Roman festivals | Some religious observances were monthly. The first day of the month was the Kalends (or Calends, from which the English word "calendar" derives). Each Kalends was sacred to Juno, and the Regina sacrorum ("Queen of the Rites," a public priestess) marked the day by presiding over a sacrifice to the goddess. Originally a... | 2.9375 | 0 |
312726 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Roman%20festivals | Roman festivals | Feriae imperativae
Festivals were also held in ancient Rome in response to particular events, or for a particular purpose such as to propitiate or show gratitude toward the gods. For example, Livy reports that following the Roman destruction of Alba Longa in the 7th century BC, and the removal of the Alban populace to... | 2.9375 | 0 |
312732 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Barry%20Hughart | Barry Hughart | Barry Hughart (March 13, 1934 – August 1, 2019) was an American author of fantasy novels.
Background
Hughart was born in Peoria, Illinois on March 13, 1934. His father, John Harding Page, served as a naval officer. His mother, Veronica Hughart, was an architect.
Hughart was educated at Phillips Academy (Andover). Af... | 2.078125 | 0 |
312732 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Barry%20Hughart | Barry Hughart | The Chronicles of Master Li and Number Ten Ox
The Chronicles of Master Li and Number Ten Ox is a series of three books about Li Kao, an ancient sage and scholar with "a slight flaw in his character", and his client, later assistant, the immensely strong peasant Number Ten Ox, who narrates the story. The series blends C... | 2.296875 | 0 |
312749 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Consistory%20court | Consistory court | A consistory court is a type of ecclesiastical court, especially within the Church of England where they were originally established pursuant to a charter of King William the Conqueror, and still exist today, although since about the middle of the 19th century consistory courts have lost much of their subject-matter ju... | 2.53125 | 0 |
312749 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Consistory%20court | Consistory court | Following a report in 1954 from the Archbishops’ Commission on Ecclesiastical Courts, the ecclesiastical courts were put on a statutory footing by the Ecclesiastical Jurisdiction Measure 1963. The jurisdiction of the consistory courts was not much altered by the 1963 Measure save that criminal jurisdiction over the cl... | 2.40625 | 0 |
312749 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Consistory%20court | Consistory court | Inside a wooden enclosure before the chancellor and registrar would typically be a round table at which the proctors and litigants would sit. In contrast with the rectilinear benches for the attorneys in a temporal English common law courtroom, the round table of the ecclesiastical courtroom symbolized that within the... | 2.5 | 0 |
312749 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Consistory%20court | Consistory court | If any person does or omits to do anything in connection with proceedings before, or with an order made by, a consistory court that constitutes contempt of the consistory court, that person is liable to be punished by the High Court as if that person had been guilty of contempt of the High Court.
Matters within the co... | 2.015625 | 0 |
312749 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Consistory%20court | Consistory court | Ecclesiastical jurisdiction in the diocese, both contentious and voluntary, is committed to the Chancellor under two separate offices, those of official principal and vicar-general: the distinction between the two offices is that the official principal usually exercises contentious jurisdiction and the vicar-general vo... | 1.992188 | 0 |
312749 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Consistory%20court | Consistory court | Procedure
The procedure to be followed by the court and by parties in faculty proceedings are set out in the Faculty Jurisdiction Rules 2015.
The consistory court usually sits "on paper" without formal hearings. Contentious cases can be determined on consideration of written representations if the chancellor considers... | 1.929688 | 0 |
312749 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Consistory%20court | Consistory court | Until the latter part of the nineteenth century there were legal practitioners in England known as "advocates" who practised solely in ecclesiastical and admiralty law and formed a chartered institution called Doctors' Commons. After the transfer of much of the jurisdiction of the ecclesiastical courts to new, tempora... | 2.203125 | 0 |
312750 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hanb%C5%8D | Hanbō | The hanbō (半棒, "half-staff") is a staff used in martial arts. Traditionally, the hanbō was approximately three shaku or about long, half the length of the usual staff, the rokushakubō ("six shaku staff"). Diameter was . However, depending on the school the length and diameter varied.
As with any weapon, bearers woul... | 2.59375 | 0 |
312753 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Friar | Friar | A friar is a member of one of the mendicant orders in the Roman Catholic Church. There are also friars outside of the Roman Catholic Church, such as within the Anglican Communion. The term, first used in the 12th or 13th century, distinguishes the mendicants' itinerant apostolic character, exercised broadly under the j... | 2.9375 | 0 |
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