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A 60-year - old lady presented to our sister department of medical gastroenterology at a tertiary health care institute with a history of an increasing mass in the right upper abdomen of one and a half year duration . She also had a history of weight loss due to early satiety and decreasing appetite . She had been eval... |
Abnormal spinal curvature may be idiopathic or secondary to dystrophic etiologies, such as congenital, traumatic, and malignant causes . Initial assessment and followup of patients with an abnormal spinal curvature have routinely been performed using plain radiographs . To evaluate dystrophic features, magnetic resonan... |
In response to the changing needs of the community, dental practice is subject to constant changes . These changes, in turn, influence patient expectations from dentists . To successfully serve the community as a health care professional, dentists must be competent not only in their clinical practice, but also in some ... |
To study the influence of increased worldwide dengue activity on international travelers, 2,259 patients were studied retrospectively for dengue antibodies after returning from dengue - endemic countries . A 36-month period from january 1996 to december 1998 was compared with a 27-month period from january 2002 to marc... |
A 55-year - old, postmenopausal woman was presented to the emergency department with a chief complaint of left lower quadrant pain, constipation, anorexia, nausea and vomiting of 4 days duration . Her medications included calcium, vitamin d, acetaminophen, glucosamine, and chondroitin sulfate . On physical examination,... |
We retrospectively analyzed the outcomes of 19 patients (mean age, 67.9 years; 2 men and 17 women) who were treated using the scd method for a lumbar spinal stenosis with degenerative spondylolisthesis from 2010 to 2013 . The average follow - up period was 37 months (range, 25 to 56 months). All patients had radiating ... |
In the last two decades, a large research effort has been devoted to quantum dots (qds), the quantum wires, qd chains, nanoholes and pits [1 - 8] due to their modified density of states, fascinating optoelectronic properties and device applications for lasers, photodetectors and other electronic devices . Among quantum... |
Combinations of dental and skeletal factors ranging from mild to severe are multiple characters of this discrepancy . The treatment protocols for class ii can vary widely according to professional ability, time of treatment, severity of malocclusion and patient compliance . One of the recommended therapeutic approaches... |
Spontaneous ovarian hyperstimulation syndrome (sohss) is now a recognized entity, defined as ohss appearing in patients with no history of stimulatory infertility treatment . Ohss, which otherwise may occur in normal pregnancies (type i ohss), is now reported to be associated with mutated fsh receptor (fshr) gene, whic... |
Damage often occurs to the supraspinatus muscle, which is one of the components of the shoulder, with repetitive use and small impacts1 . This is mainly because the strength of the small muscles of the shoulder joint that endure the stress from repetitive use is small3 . The supraspinatus muscle is the muscle that form... |
The global prevalence of diabetes mellitus has been remarkably increased during the last two decades and has reached from almost 30 million cases in 1985 to 285 million cases in 2010 (1). The prevalence of diabetes in iran was about 7.7% in 2005 (2), and this amount reached 8.7% in 2007 (2). Obviously, many factors are... |
The estimated number of population with obesity around the world is 1.5 billion in 2012 and it continues to rise . The increases of obesity affect all classes of socioeconomic status (ses) with certain difference in both developed countries and developing countries in recent decades [1, 2]. As a result, burdens of dise... |
They originate either in bone (osseous plasmacytoma) or in soft tissues (extramedullary plasmacytoma). It can occur as the sole manifestation of plasma cell neoplasm, as a metastasis from another extramedullary plasmacytoma or as a consequence of multiple myeloma . It has no characteristics of multiple myeloma, but the... |
Owing to its complex anatomy, the shoulder is the most mobile joint in the human body . It also has to be able to bear heavy loads, especially in athletes and those carrying out heavy manual work . Load resistance is ensured by dynamic and static stabilizers of the shoulder joint [13]. A wide range of mobility is, howe... |
Colorectal cancer is one of the most commonly diagnosed malignancies in western countries and represents a major cause of morbidity and mortality associated with cancer 1 . Detection and endoscopic resection of early stage colorectal tumors as well as precursor lesions is a well established approach to prevention and t... |
A - t is a neurodegenerative disease characterized by progressive cerebellar degeneration, immunodeficiency, cancer predisposition, premature aging, growth retardation, gonadal atrophy, high sensitivity to ionizing radiation, and genomic instability [16]. Many studies have suggested that a deficiency in the ability to ... |
Congenital bochdalek hernia (cbh) develops as a result of the inappropriate fusion of the pleuroperitoneal fold and septum transversum at the site of the posterolateral lumbocostal trigone at the sixth week of gestation . This entity was first described by mccauley in 1754 and then by vincent alexander bochdalek in 184... |
According to gtr hypothesis, explained by melcher, placing a barrier between the overlying gingival tissues and the defect space hinders the faster - moving epithelium and connective tissue from migrating into the wound space, and this provides a great chance for cementum, periodontal ligament, and bone cells to domina... |
A 78-year old male with past medical history significant for chronic shortness of breath (for the last two years), chronic systolic heart failure secondary to non - ischemic dilated cardiomyopathy, pulmonary hypertension, essential hypertension, coal miner s pneumoconiosis, and chronic obstructive lung disease was foun... |
Perforation of the biliary system occurs most frequently in the gallbladder, usually associated with (and complicating upto 10% cases of) acute cholecystitis . Perforation of the extrahepatic biliary tree is a rare entity, accounting for less than 10% of intraperitoneal biliary rupture . Bile duct perforation is most c... |
Optimal phosphate balance is important for many physiological functions from cell signaling to energy metabolism to skeletal mineralization . Inadequate phosphate balance disrupts a multitude of physiological processes, and can cause or exacerbate age - associated disorders, cardiovascular calcification and bone minera... |
Extraction of viral rna, rt - pcr and nucleotide sequencing: the isolation and characterization of apmv / shimane/67 have been previously described . Viral genomic rna was extracted from infected allantoic fluid using qiaamp viral rna mini kit (qiagen, tokyo, japan), according to the manufacturer s instructions manual ... |
In fixed orthodontic treatment, brackets were used for transferring orthodontic forces to the teeth . At first, to attach the brackets to the tooth, orthodontic bands were used and after welding brackets to bands, they were cemented to the tooth . In 1955, buonocore introduced the acid - etch technique that was gradual... |
To determine the prevalence and clinical characteristics of hbov, we investigated the presence of this virus in children with respiratory tract infection in our region (gipuzkoa, basque country, spain). Among the first patients in whom hbov was detected in nasopharyngeal aspirates, we found two 12-month - old children ... |
A 64-year - old caucasian male presented to the emergency room complaining of progressive fatigue for 3 months which had progressed to the point of hindering his usual activities of daily living (adl). He had recently visited his primary care provider for evaluation of a non - productive cough and exertional shortness ... |
The introduction of prostate - specific antigen (psa) screening over the last two decades has resulted in stage migration of prostate cancer . Radical prostatectomy (rp) for organ - confined prostate cancer is an effective treatment option but can result in erectile dysfunction (ed) and incontinence in a significant pr... |
In previous works we compared the performances of an x - ray tes microcalorimeter under ac and dc bias by measuring the iv characteristic, the noise, the impedance and the x - ray response at perpendicular magnetic field b=0 . The tests were carried out both with an sron pixel and a gsfc pixel [1, 2]. With respect to t... |
Fortunately, these problems can now be overcome, to a large extent, by the use of fiber reinforced composite (frc). In fact, the bond strength between the prostheses and the abutment teeth obtained when using frc materials is 50100% higher than the bond strength achieved when using metal framworke.1 in addition, in frc... |
Strains, cell lines and media - escherichia coli dh5 (invitrogen, usa) was used for the general propagation of plasmids and e. coli bl21 (de3) was used to express the e2 protein . Bacterial cells were grown under agitation at 37c in a low - salt luria - bertani medium containing zeocin at a final concentration of 25 g ... |
Data were collected through interviews of healthcare workers present during the attempted cardiopulmonary resuscitation where transmission of sars - cov was thought to have occurred . Hospital and provincial policies in place at the time of the resuscitation were reviewed . The hospital patient - care environment labor... |
Single - incision laparoscopic surgery (sils) is increasingly used in various surgical areas due to several advantages including better cosmesis, less incisional pain, and the ability to convert to standard multiport laparoscopic surgery if necessary . With the development of laparoscopic instruments, these laparoscopi... |
South east asia is home to one - third of the global burden of tuberculosis (tb), with an estimated 5 million prevalent cases and an annual incidence of 3 million tb cases . Five of the 11 countries in the region are among the 22 high - burden countries, with india accounting for over 20% of the global burden of tb dis... |
Tetralogy of fallot (tof) is a cyanotic congenital cardiac defect characterized by pulmonary outflow tract stenosis or obstruction, ventricular septal defect (vsd), overriding aortic root, and right ventricular hypertrophy.1 left without surgical correction, the overall survival was poor and over 90% of the patients di... |
A 45-year - old man with a lifelong history of atopic dermatitis had a year - long unremitting exacerbation for which he had started systemic therapy . After treatment with cyclosporine for several weeks, laboratory abnormalities and nonspecific neurologic signs prompted a switch to methotrexate . Within 4 weeks, he wa... |
Cytokines are mediators of information transfer between cells, and in this way, they regulate physiological and pathological mechanisms in the body . They are potentially of use in diagnosis . As a result of its function during inflammatory processes and regeneration, interleukin-6 (il-6) it is produced by lymphoid cel... |
E - cadherin is a calcium - regulated adhesion molecule expressed in most normal epithelial tissues . E - cadherin knockout mice are non - viable and have abnormal epithelial morphogenesis . Selective loss of e - cadherin can cause dedifferentiation and invasiveness in human carcinomas . In various cell lines, a recipr... |
Gene therapy is now a realistic prospect for the treatment of a variety of musculoskeletal disorders because of the emerging knowledge concerning proteins that govern the processes of growth and regeneration of tissues [1, 2]. Research has identified numerous growth factors and other gene products with the ability to p... |
The role of laparoscopy is established for the removal of nonfunctioning kidneys and small - sized renal tumors . However, retroperitoneoscopic pyelolithotomy (rp) in the management of renal stones is yet to be evaluated, because very few centers throughout the world are performing this procedure . This study is an end... |
Rickettsia are obligatory, intracellular, small gram - negative bacteria associated with eukaryotic hosts . They are traditionally divided into three groups: the spotted fever group, the typhus group and the scrub typhus group . The spotted fever results from a large group of tick-, mite- and flea - borne zoonotic infe... |
The waste arising from> 60 years of civil and military nuclear operations around the world contains long - lived radionuclides that must be contained and isolated from future populations . Deep geological disposal facilities (gdf) proposed by us and european waste management organisations employ an engineered multibarr... |
Specific chimeric iga1 and iga1/igg1 domain swap mutants were expressed as previously described (16, 17). Antibodies were eluted with 200 mm arsanillic acid (sigma chemical co.) in 200 mm tris - hcl, ph 8.0, which was removed by extensive dialysis against pbs . Mono- and dimeric iga were detected by 4% nonreducing sds ... |
Mauriac syndrome is a rare syndrome associated with type 1 diabetes (t1 dm) in children . The incidence of this syndrome had decreased significantly with introduction of long - acting insulin and better control of blood sugar . Recently, there has been re - emergence of this syndrome, especially with the use of premix ... |
Obstructive sleep apnea (osa) is characterized by frequent episodes of termination of respiratory airflow caused by upper airway collapse during sleep, followed by oxyhemoglobin desaturation, persistent inspiratory attempts against the obstructed airway and arousals from sleep . The inspiratory airflow can either decre... |
Molecular viscosity is an important factor for development and progression of heart disease [2, 3]. According to non - newtonian behavior, there is a need to apply capable non - newtonian models in order to capture the main flow characteristics at low strain rates . Furthermore, little research has focused on the exact... |
Clinical features are acute limbic encephalitis with personality and behavioral change, catatonia, memory loss, seizures, dyskinesia, and autonomic dysfunction [2, 3, 4, 5]. However, 40% of patients do not have a detectable tumor, and men are also affected . The clinical manifestation of nonparaneoplastic anti - nmdar ... |
Cardiovascular diseases caused by the progression of atherosclerosis are the leading cause of death in the industrialized nations . Atherosclerosis is a focal, inflammatory fibro - proliferative response of the vascular wall to endothelial injury, resulting in the formation of an extended plaque into the lumen of the v... |
Disability has been assigned as the umbrella term to include impairments, activity limitations or participation restrictions by the international classification of functioning (icf) disability and health . The older concept of disability along with the terms impairment and handicap, as described by icf, have been subsu... |
Ultrasound (eus)-guided celiac plexus neurolysis (cpn) has been reported to be effective in inducing pain relief . However, a 75-year - old man suffering from opioid refractory pain (recorded as 9 according to visual analog scale (vas)) due to an advanced stage iv histologically - proven pancreatic adenocarcinoma with ... |
In functional neuroimaging, and particularly in pet and fmri, study design and analysis have been dominated by the concept of functional segregation, which emphasizes the specialization of a brain structure for a specific part of a cognitive function . This has resulted in a large number of studies in which differences... |
Adp - ribosylation refers to the addition of one or more adp - ribose units onto proteins through the transfer of the adp - ribose group from nad to target proteins post - translationally . Adp - ribose groups can be attached singly as mono(adp - ribose) or in polymeric chains as poly(adp - ribose) (par) by the enzymat... |
A 48-year - old female patient 158 cm in weight weighing 53 kg was admitted to receive functional endoscopic sinus surgery and septoplasty for a diagnosis of chronic sinusitis and nasal septal deviation . The patient was a non - smoker and her medical history stated that she had received an appendectomy one year prior ... |
Recent evidence suggests that failure to recognize insular cortex seizures could be responsible for some cases of surgical failure in patients with temporal lobe epilepsy (tle) [15]. Insular seizures may mimic tle or may coexist with temporal seizures, an entity referred to as temporal plus epilepsy [68]. Clinical obse... |
The long - term storage of information in the form of memory is one of the principal functions of the developed nervous system . The ability to utilize this information provides evolutionary advantages in adapting and responding to situations in a given environment . The method for the formation of memories and the pro... |
Systemic sclerosis (ssc) is characterized by early and persistent microvascular impairment leading to functional raynaud's phenomenon (rp) and clinical manifestations (i.e., digital ulcers, pulmonary arterial hypertension, etc .) (figure 1) [1, 2]. Digital ulcers in ssc are considered to be related to tissue ischemia f... |
Autophagy is a catabolic process that degrades cytoplasmic components and organelles and is conserved in almost all eukaryotes . Autophagy is initiated in response to cellular stresses such as nutrient starvation, oxidative stress, infection, or inflammatory stimuli . Upon its induction, a cup - shaped double - membran... |
The elimination of bacteria present in the root canal system is the fundamental objective of endodontic treatment as they play an important role in the development and maintenance of periapical lesions11,21 . The high percentages of failure after endodontic treatment of teeth with periapical lesions9,11,12,17,21,23have... |
Congenital ptosis is an abnormally low position of the upper eyelid in relation to the globe, which occurs either at birth or soon after . There are several methods of ptosis surgery, including levator muscle resection, frontalis suspension procedure, fasanella - servat procedure, and mller muscle conjunctival resectio... |
Adult soft - shelled turtles (2 males and 4 females) were purchased from a local supplier tobun (kamikita, japan). All procedures were done in accordance with the guideline for care and use of animal experiments and approved by the animal care and use committee at iwate university . The animals were anesthetized by int... |
Most of the children with cerebral venous thrombosis have an underlying chronic disease and those who are previously well have an acute infectious illness . Obstructive hydrocephalus as a complication of cerebral venous thrombosis is rare and few cases are described . A previously healthy 4-year - old boy presented wit... |
Participation in the afatinib cup was available to patients with advanced nsclc who were ineligible to participate in another actively accruing afatinib trial and who had failed at least one line of platinum - based chemotherapy and progressed following at least 24 weeks on erlotinib or gefitinib . Additional inclusion... |
Oral glucose administration leads to greater insulin release from pancreatic islets than intravenous glucose loading that yields equivalent glucose levels . Gut hormonal substances released in response to glucose include the incretins, gastric inhibitory polypeptide (gip) and glucagonlike peptide1 (glp1), which are res... |
The gamma - aminobutyric acid (gaba), the major inhibitory neurotransmitter in the mammalian central nervous system, causes changes in a polarization of cell membrane acting through the activation of gaba receptors . The most prevalent, gaba type a (gaba a), receptors tend to exist as pentameric structures consisting o... |
Onchocerciasis is the second leading infectious cause of blindness in the world, after trachoma . For centuries black fly, the disease is prevalent in 19 african countries, and endemic in now just six american foci . In total, 37 million people are thought to have active disease, with nearly all such cases in africa wh... |
Knowledge of the anatomy of root canal systems is an essential prerequisite for endodontic treatment . Many of the problems encountered during and after root canal treatment occur because of inadequate understanding of the pulp space anatomy . Studies on the internal and external anatomy of teeth have shown that anatom... |
According to the new report from world health organization (who) published in september 2011, cardiovascular diseases (cvds) remain the leading cause of death and disability in the world . Noncommunicable diseases accounted for more than 36 million deaths in 2008 with cvds responsible for 48% of these deaths, cancers 2... |
The prevalence of child obesity is increasing rapidly worldwide . Based on the data of the world health organization (who), over 30% of the people in the middle east are overweight . A review of some studies from iran reveals that the prevalence of obesity among iranian children has been doubled between 1993 and 1999, ... |
The canadian integrated program for antimicrobial resistance surveillance (cipars), established in 2003, monitors antimicrobial drug use and resistance in selected species of enteric bacteria from humans, animals, and animal - derived food sources across canada (www.phac-aspc.gc.ca/ cipars - picra / surv - eng.php). Hu... |
Because more immature neonates are surviving, the incidence of bronchopulmonary dysplasia (bpd) has not decreased . Bpd impairs early growth, and prematurity is associated with altered eating habits in later life . Inflammation, a key pathogenic factor of bpd, affects metabolism, nutritional requirements, and growth in... |
Bourgelatia diducta ralliet, henry and bauche, 1919 is a small - sized, milky white - colored nematode parasite with a well - developed mouth and bursa . This nematode is a member of the subfamily oesophagostominae, family chabertiidae, and order strongylida . The genus bourgelatia comprises a single species, b. diduct... |
Rheumatoid arthritis (ra) is an obstinate, systemic inflammatory disease which has a negative impact on the quality of life.1 anti - tumor necrosis factor (tnf) therapy has proved to be beneficial to ra patients because it can suppress inflammation and joint damage;2 therefore, the percentage of ra patients treated wit... |
A specimen of b. bassiana efcc 13188, growing on adult mantis, was collected from yang - yang of gangwon province, korea in october 2006 and preserved in the entomopathogenic fungal culture collection (efcc), kangwon national university, korea (fig ., the conidia were transferred from the fresh specimen to 2% water aga... |
Conserved, highly pheromone - induced genes were identified by comparing previously published expression data from s. cerevisiae and c. albicans . We combined results from three independent ortholog maps to find pheromone response genes that were present in most hemiascomycete yeast species . General pheromone - activa... |
Although global gene content and detailed sequence similarity comparisons with the previously described megaviridae members clearly classify pgv within the family (including the partially sequenced organic lake phycodnaviruses (olpv), chrysochromulina erecina virus, and phaoecystis pouchetti virus), the finding of a pg... |
The aryl hydrocarbon receptor (ahr) is a transcription factor activated by numerous environmental ligands such as dioxins and polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (pahs). Its endogenous ligand has not yet been described, but some endogenous compounds, notably oxidative derivatives of tryptophan, are already described as ef... |
Pseudomonas aeruginosa is one of the major causes of nosocomial diseases; it can secrete a diversity of virulence factors and in parallel forms biofilms to ensure the infection success . The production of key virulence factors in p. aeruginosa and other important pathogenic bacteria is regulated by a cell - to - cell c... |
Compared to many other clinical settings, pain and distress are common complaints in dental clinical practice . Closely linked is that, such complaint of pain or distress among dental patients can be indicative of either a physical or psychological pathology . Although, psychological distress is a non - specific term f... |
Early life stressors that shape the stress response in offspring have profound effects on mood and cognition in adulthood (davidson & mcewen, 2012). Chronic exposure to glucocorticoids contribute to the dysfunction of the inhibitory network and impairment of rhythmic oscillations, which are critical for the regulation ... |
With further research, refinement and contributions made by survivors, health researchers and health care professionals, the survivorship care plan is proposed to be a useful and practical tool aimed at supporting the survivorship continuum of care . The proportion of people surviving cancer is increasing in many parts... |
One of the most important helminthic diseases is hydatidosis or cystic echinococcosis, established via ingesting parasite s egg through soil, air, vegetable, contacting with dog etc . Unilocoular cyst (produced by echinococcus granulosus) and multilocular cyst (produced by e. multilocularis, respectively) are among the... |
Plasma cell leukemia (pcl) was originally defined by the presence of both> 20% circulating plasma cells (pcs) and an absolute count> 2 10/l pcs, although in many studies the presence of only 1 of the above criteria was required . Pcl may be classified as primary when it presents de novo in patients without previous evi... |
A 70-year - old man was admitted to the emergency department with a 1-month history of coughing and dyspnea . He developed a productive cough with purulent sputum, left chest wall pain, and 3 days prior to arrival ecchymosis developed on the left upper quadrant of the abdomen . He did not have a recent history of thora... |
In order to collect a set of images useful to test the algorithm, we run 10 plasma samples using 2d - ge . 2d - ge was performed according to maresca et al ., with each sample run in duplicate . For the first - dimension of electrophoresis, 200 g of plasma protein samples (approximately 3 l) were applied to 18-cm linea... |
Obesity is associated with numerous chronic diseases and, currently, its prevalence is 34% in us adults . Excess fat storage is the result of greater energy intake than expenditure for a period of time; thus, increasing energy expenditure is an important strategy to treat obesity . Physical activity energy expenditure ... |
The occurrence of screw loosening is reported to be 12.7% in single tooth restoration and 6.7% in partial fixed prostheses . 23 jemt et al.4 observed that most of the screw loosening occurred within a year and the frequency of screw loosening was reduced over time . Henry et al.5 and khraisat et al.6 stated that screw ... |
Dravet syndrome, or severe myoclonic epilepsy in infancy, is a rare form of epilepsy which is characterized by impaired psychomotor and neurologic development, occurring in the first year of life in an apparently normal infant . The actual frequency is not known, but an incidence of <1 per 40 000 live births and 1/20 0... |
Unilateral neglect (un) refers to the neuropsychological condition in which patients experience reduced orientation and concentration and response to stimuli on the contralesional side owing to behavioral problems that occur after brain injury, although these patients having sensorimotor abilities1 . Un is caused by va... |
Sox9 is a widely expressed transcription factor playing several relevant functions during development and essential for testes differentiation . It is considered to be the direct target gene of the protein encoded by sry and its overexpression in an xx murine gonad can lead to male development in the absence of sry . R... |
Osteoporosis most commonly affects postmenopausal women, placing them at a significant risk of fractures . In particular, hip fractures are an important cause of mortality and morbidity among postmenopausal women . Approximately 20% of patients with hip fractures die within a year, most of the deaths occurring within t... |
The principal functions of an intact knee meniscus include transmitting load, increasing tibiofemoral congruency and stabilizing the joint.1234 partial or complete meniscal resection may obtain good results in the short term after surgery; however, many researchers have reported the occurrence of degenerative arthritis... |
Flexible ureteroscopy (furs) is nowadays a common intervention for the management of kidney and ureteral stones . It is associated with lower morbidity, shorter hospital stay and higher stone - free rates (sfrs) in comparison to traditional procedures [1, 2]. The use of a ureteral access sheath (uas) during the procedu... |
The bony orbit is a pyramidal structure housing the eyeball and the rest of the orbital soft tissues . The bony orbit is composed of fairly strong rim and walls including the inferior wall referred to as the orbital floor, the medial wall, the superior wall referred to as the orbital roof, and the lateral wall . The vo... |
Stressful events activate the sympathetic nervous system and hypothalamic - pituitary - adrenal axis, which lead to the release of biochemical mediators of stress, such as cortisol, catecholamines, and neuropeptides [1, 2]. These stress mediators trigger a variety of physiological changes meant to improve the performan... |
Many of the hemolytic anemias and platelet disorders respond to splenectomy after failure of medical therapy . Removal of the spleen can play an important role in reducing the mortality of hematologic conditions . Diagnostic splenectomy, while there is no enough data, is still performed in the general surgery . However... |
Bone is a dynamic tissue which undergoes continuous self - renewal, and bone homeostasis relies on functional equilibrium among three types of cells: osteoclasts essential for bone resorption, osteoblasts responsible for bone matrix formation, and osteocytes involved in the reception and transduction of mechanical stim... |
Ocular trauma is a worldwide cause of visual morbidity, a significant proportion of which occurs in the workplace and includes a spectrum of simple ocular surface foreign bodies (fbs)/minute corneal abrasions to devastating perforating injuries causing blindness . The significance of the problem is compounded by the fa... |
Interference screws used for knee ligament reconstructive surgery are a popular application of bioabsorbable materials in orthopedics . They offer various advantages [1, 2] over traditional metallic implants, such as the ability to engineer them to provide an optimum degradation profile, a reduced need for implant remo... |
It is widely believed that the rate of mortality associated with anesthesia is steadily decreasing, and that anesthesia today is very safe indeed . However, this assertion has been questioned by lagasse, who argues that the definitions of anesthetic mortality used in different studies over the years have not been consi... |
Severe sepsis is characterized by acute release of systemic inflammatory (systemic inflammatory response syndrome [sirs]) and anti - inflammatory mediators (compensatory anti - inflammatory response syndrome [cars]) caused by infection [1, 2]. The cytokines associated with sirs include interleukin- (il-) 1, il-6, il-12... |
Total body irradiation (tbi) for patients with acute lymphatic leukemia (all) is a vital technique used prior to bone marrow transplant . Tbi is used in the treatment of all to obliterate the malignant cells and in the mean time to support the immune system, to avoid rejection of the donor bone marrow transplant, thus ... |
Anorexia nervosa (an) is a severe disorder strongly associated with the female sex and with a number of neurobiological correlates . A review of twin studies suggests a strong genetic vulnerability, with heritability rates ranging from 28% to 74%.1 furthermore, the disorder is associated with several obstetric and peri... |
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