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Tissue specimens taken from patients during operations or biopsies are usually assessed by the pathologists one or two days after the surgery . However, sometimes pathological results are needed urgently during the operation, while the patient is still on the operation table . In neurosurgical operations the need of a ... |
Tai chi (tc), also known as tai chi chuan, is a traditional chinese martial art originally created for self - defense, although today it is considered a low - impact aerobic exercise (zhang et al ., 2012). Its practice consists of fluid, circular, smooth, and slow movements, with the practitioner in a semi - flexed pos... |
Acute cerebral ischemic reperfusion injury (ciri), a hotspot for clinical research, is a pathophysiologic phenomenon commonly encountered in the field of emergency medicine, especially during the perioperative periods . The brain can store so little energy reserves that it is highly sensitive to ischemia and hypoxia . ... |
Breast conservation surgery (bcs) followed by whole breast irradiation has become the standard of care for early breast carcinoma [14]. However, the duration of treatment remains between 5 to 6 and a half weeks . The need for whole breast irradiation has been questioned and several centres have evaluated the feasibilit... |
Relevant studies were identified by searching medline and embase databases for all published articles up to 31 october 2012, using the search terms vitamin d, calcidiol, calcitriol, insulin resistance, insulin secretion, insulin sensitivity, glucose intolerance, glucose metabolism, beta - cell function, type 2 diabetes... |
Bovine conceptuses were collected at day 18 post - insemination (or dpi; day of insemination as day 0). For each conceptus, the embryonic disc was dissected out and the extra - embryonic tissues stored in dmem supplemented with 10% fetal calf serum (fcs), on ice, until tissue digestion . Animal use and care were perfor... |
Citing statistics from the american cancer society, harold varmus noted that we have made depressingly little progress in combating cancer . While over the past 50 years dramatic strides have been made against cardiovascular and infectious diseases, age - adjusted mortality in patients with cancer has declined only sli... |
Pathological femoral shaft fractures are mainly attributed to osteoporosis, preexisting femoral pathology, etc . [1, 2]. Uncommonly, there can also be stress fractures of the diaphysis of femur . Treatment includes intramedullary nailing or surface fixation depending on the age, etiology of fracture, surgeon s preferen... |
Cellulose, a structural carbohydrate of the plant cell wall, is an abundant and ubiquitous polymer . The use of cellulose for the second generation biofuel production involves the hydrolysis of cellulosic biomass, that is, saccharification, to form simple sugar monomers for the fermentation into bioethanol [13]. Cellul... |
Maintenance of motion following arthroplasty can be hindered by the development of heterotopic ossification (ho), whose causes remain uncertain.1,2,3,4,5 whether the formation of ho following cervical disc arthroplasty is of clinical or functional importance is also unknown . The aims of this study are to investigate t... |
Paget's disease (pd) of bone is a focal, progressive disorder of accelerated bone remodeling and can lead to bone pain and several complications, including deformities, fractures, and secondary osteoarthritis . Although the pathophysiology of pd is very complicated and not well known, the primary lesion is the abnormal... |
Maternal diabetes during pregnancy, also called gestational diabetes mellitus (gdm), is an important risk factor for foetal overgrowth, termed macrosomia, which is influenced by maternal hyperglycemia and endocrine status through placental circulation . In humans, macrosomia has generally been defined as a birth weight... |
Oligonucleotides were synthesized on a 10 mol scale by standard phosphoramidite chemistry using an kta dna synthesizer and were purified by repeated dmt - on / dmt - off reverse - phase hplc, as previously described . The purities of the oligonucleotides were assessed by analytical hplc and ion spray mass spectroscopy ... |
A retrospective, matched cohort investigation was performed by using patient records from january 2003 through august 2004 from 2 tertiary care hospitals in baltimore to examine outcomes of hospitalized patients with mdr acinetobacter infection (exposure) compared with 2 unexposed reference groups: patients with suscep... |
The basic goal of therapy is to achieve a steady state blood level that is therapeutically effective and nontoxic for an extended period of time . The design of proper dosage regimens is an important element in accomplishing this goal . In conventional oral dosage forms drug dosage this drawback of conventional dosage ... |
A. azurea was proposed by omura et al . In 1983 and later on emended by henssen et al . In 1987 and was isolated from soil that produced two water soluble antibiotics, namely, azureomycin a and b. a. azurea strain dsm 43854 was obtained from the open collection of the german collection of microorganisms and cell cultur... |
The original 64-item dsqols was designed in germany specifically for people with type 1 diabetes (12). It includes 44 burden items measuring the impact of diabetes on social relations, diet restrictions, physical complaints, daily hassles, and worries about the future . Respondents are asked to rate the extent to which... |
Coronary anomalies are reported in 1 to 5% of coronary angiographic examinations; they are usually asymptomatic, and are discovered accidentally.1 an anomalous origin of the left anterior descending artery (lad) from both right and left sinus of valsalva is considered one of the rarest anomalies.27 the following report... |
We report a case of a patient who presented with a complex open 3c gustilo anderson fracture who subsequently developed flap failure, failed internal fixation complicated with osteomyelitis of the talus . They vary in severity from minor metatarsal / phalangeal fractures to complicated midfoot and hindfoot injuries . O... |
Both non - pharmacological and pharmacological treatments of breast cancer have negative side effects ranging from the kinesiological to psychological domain, depending on the interaction of treatment characteristics with the physio - pathological and psychological conditions of each subject1, 2 . Upper limb lymphedema... |
In most people with type 2 diabetes, elevation of plasma glucose is the ultimate consequence of failing beta cell function occurring after extended period of waning insulin sensitivity in peripheral tissues . However, it has been suggested that circulating metabolites in people with diabetes are ultimately responsible ... |
Metabolic data from 330 whites from the southern part of germany were included in the analyses . They participated in an ongoing study on the pathophysiology of type 2 diabetes (23). Individuals were included into the study when they fulfilled at least one of the following criteria: a family history of type 2 diabetes,... |
It has been estimated that schwannomas represent only 2 - 6% of all stromal tumors of the digestive tract . There are many synonyms for neurogenic tumors of the digestive tract, namely schwannoma, neurinoma, neurogenic fibroma, neurofibroma, neurilemoma and plexiform neurofibromatosis . These different names are used w... |
An -transaminase catalyzes the deamination of a primary amine (amine donor) and the concomitant amination of a ketone or aldehyde (amine acceptor), which results in a reaction in which an amino moiety is transferred between two molecules (scheme 1). Unlike -transaminases, -transaminases are not restricted to -amino and... |
In the past, advances in technology have caused a decrease in the time spent on physical activities and an increase in the time spent on sedentary behaviors . For instance, viewing television (tv) and spending time on the computer keep both adults and children sedentary for many hours each day [25]. The etiology of obe... |
Pelvic fractures and in particular crescent fracture dislocations, which are characterised by disruption of the sacroiliac joint with extension proximally as a fracture of the posterior iliac wing, usually occur as a result of high velocity trauma (1,2). Osteopenia and the associated loss of bone trabeculae decreases t... |
Children constitute approximately 40% of india's population but information on adverse drug reactions occurring in them is limited . Phenytoin sodium (pht) is one of the commonest antiepileptic drug (aed) used in children in india . The drug has wide pharmacokinetic variability and has a narrow therapeutic range that l... |
Dyschromatosis is a rare genodermatosis which is characterized by hyper and hypo pigmented macules of variable shape and size . Case one was a 30-year - old male patient who presented with asymptomatic multiple hypopigmented, and hyperpigmented skin lesions all over the body [figure 1a and b] since the age of 10 years ... |
It is estimated that about 3% of the world's population has been infected with hcv and 170 million are chronic carriers at risk of developing liver cirrhosis and/or liver cancer . Male gender is thought to be one of the critical factors in the progression of hcv infection . Besides, the development of hepatic fibrosis ... |
Differential expression analysis typically results in a long list of differentially expressed genes derived from the comparison of one or more samples . Although the results provide an essentially complete view of the analyzed transcriptomes, their functional interpretation is not always straightforward . Once the diff... |
When fully activated, the more potent part of the host immune mechanism comes into play, especially when the proper immunogen characterizing a specific antigen expressed by the tumor is delivered at a therapeutic level . Mounting evidence from both in - vitro and in - vivo studies at precision biologics and other resea... |
Hormones, paracrines, autocrines and other mediators define the permeability of the endothelial barrier, the anti - thrombotic nature of the endothelial cell surface and endothelium - dependent blood pressure regulation (reviewed in current special issue; and in libby 2002; luscher 1990; landmesser and drexler 2007; vi... |
The natural history for these hernias is progressive enlargement if left untreated and many of these patients undergo elective repair with synthetic mesh for symptomatic or cosmetic reasons . Also, the sequelae of potential complications, such as bowel incarceration or strangulation, result in greater morbidity and mor... |
In advanced stages, solid tumors can metastasize to various organs, including the central nervous system . In particular, breast, lung and prostate cancer metastases current operative concepts are focused on lesions to the vertebra, while metastases to non - osseous spinal structures are rare and usually associated wit... |
The societal burden of seasonal influenza epidemics is quite heavy, with approximately 3 - 5 million cases and 250,000 - 500,000 estimated deaths worldwide every year and a large economic impact, which includes both direct and indirect costs [2, 3]. Conventionally, attention has been directed toward influenza a, which ... |
All authors of this article declare that they qualify for authorship as defined by icmje http://www.icmje.org/#author . Each author has participated sufficiently in the study and take public responsibility for appropriate portions of the content of this article . As this is a case report without patient identifiers, ap... |
Cu includes physical urticaria, chronic idiopathic urticaria (ciu), and urticarial vasculitis . Approximately, 30 - 40% of patients with ciu have histamine - releasing auto - antibodies directed against either the high - affinity ige receptor, or less frequently, the fc portion of human ige . Clinical studies over the ... |
The most frequent sites of bleeding in patients with haemophilia are the soft tissues, the joints, the urinary tract, but much more rarely the gastrointestinal tract . The complications of intramural bleeding are acute intestinal obstruction, but also rupture of the haematoma in the lumen or the peritoneal space . We p... |
Lansoprazole is a racemic mixture composed of equal proportions (50:50) of (r)-lansoprazole (also known as dexlansoprazole) and (s)-lansoprazole . These two enantiomers have been quantified separately in blood after ingestion of lansoprazole 30 mg in healthy volunteers and it was found that the mean maximum plasma conc... |
The acute phase response represents an evolutionarily conserved mechanism of inflammatory events designed to rapidly react to infections, wounds, and injuries . It can lead to a dramatic increase (up to 1000 fold) in the levels of acute phase proteins (apps) in the circulation and, ultimately, brings about resolution o... |
Quadricuspid aortic valve (qav) is a rare congenital anomaly with an incidence of 0.010.04% . It is far less frequent as compared to bicuspid (12%) or unicuspid aortic valve anomaly . In recent decades, there has been increased awareness of qav because of better imaging techniques such as transthoracic, transesophageal... |
The world health organization states that primary school children population is the most vulnerable group to acquire infection diseases such as parasites while their development is related to the environmental contamination as well as to the quality of consumed food . From an epidemiological, socioeconomical, and ecolo... |
With the development of enhanced radiation technology and interventional techniques, effective diagnosis and treatment are possible for patients with coronary and other peripheral vascular diseases . However, therapeutic effects always come with complications, including vascular perforation, dissection, and contrast - ... |
Critical care practice is beginning to look toward more specific cellular, biochemical, and genetic interventions in order to make a significant impact on patient outcomes . In addition to the extensive cellular, biochemical, and genetic body of research in process today, the science of epigenetics has become a more fr... |
Written informed consent was obtained from the parents, and assent was obtained from the subjects . The institutional review board at ut southwestern medical center approved this study, which began in august 2006 and ended in may 2008 . Participants were randomized to either the mi or sde group based on a sex - stratif... |
High prices allow pharmaceutical companies not only to recoup their development costs but also to turn healthy profits that satisfy their investors and fund research on other drugs in their pipelines . Through patents and other market exclusivities, the federal government grants drug makers limited monopolies on their ... |
Nearly three decades have passed since the first successful clinical lung transplant was performed and has become the preferred treatment option for a variety of end - stage pulmonary parenchymal or pulmonary vascular disorders . Due to the shortage of available organs as well as the advancement of disease in most tran... |
Hvrbase was originally started as compilation of hypervariable region i (hvri) and hypervariable region ii (hvrii) mitochondrial sequences (1,2). These regions are situated in the non - coding mitochondrial control region and play an important role in population genetics (3,4). With some exceptions, mitochondrial dna (... |
Diabetes mellitus is strongly associated with cardiovascular disease morbidity and mortality, accelerating the vascular aging process and in particular the pathogenesis of atherosclerosis . Diabetic nephropathy is a highly important cause of morbidity and mortality in patients with type 1 and type 2 diabetes mellitus, ... |
Cervical and shoulder dysfunction in office workers is usually due to the work environment, including job and sociopsychological risk factors1 . The resulting pain and functional impairment affect the muscles, skeleton, ligaments, cartilage, and nervous system, and result in musculoskeletal dysfunction2 . Shoulder pain... |
The online version of this article (doi:10.1007/s13555 - 015 - 0084 - 3) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users . Finasteride 1 mg is used successfully all over the world for the treatment of androgenetic alopecia in male pattern baldness . Various clinical trials have established finas... |
Sensitivity and specificity, which are defined as the number of true positive decisions / the number of actually positive cases and the number of true negative decisions / the number of actually negative cases, respectively, constitute the basic measures of performance of diagnostic tests (table 1). When the results of... |
Selenium is an essential trace dietary nutrient that may actively protect against damage from free radicals and reactive oxygen species produced during oxidative stress; for example, through its role as an essential component of numerous selenoproteins in critical antioxidant systems . Despite its central role in antio... |
Endometriosis is defined as the existence of endometrial - like tissue outside the uterus which is associated with pelvic pain and infertility and is seen as much as 10% in women in reproductive age and 50% in women with chronic pelvic pain or infertility. [25] the most common clinical symptoms of endometriosis include... |
Pre - eclampsia (pe) is a pregnancy associated disorder known by hypertension and proteinuria . The etiology of pe is not fully understood and a great number of mechanisms are proposed as the disease pathophysiology; however, the only definite cure of this syndrome is delivery . It is a general consensus on the role of... |
Cirrhosis is characterized by circulatory changes corresponding to a hyperkinetic state with arterial vasodilatation, decreased systemic vascular resistance, and increased cardiac output . Hyperkinetic state and vasodilatation worsen in parallel with the deterioration in liver function . In patients with end - stage ci... |
It is estimated that 6~8% of the children, and 4% of the adult have immunoglobulin (ig) e - mediated hypersensitivity to food ag . The prevalence of food allergy has increased rapidly across the world in last few decades . Research in the area of food allergy has advanced rapidly in recent years . However, the etiology... |
Be that as it may, 5% of all cases of syncope are usually of cardiac origins and are thus known as cardiac syncope . Pulmonary embolism is a relatively rare cause of cardiac syncope, which may explain why it is frequently ignored.1 the variability of presentation sets the patient and clinician up for potentially missin... |
Underweight and overweight are two spectrums of nutritional disorders that result from under- and over - nutrition, respectively . Due to the experience of nutrition transition in developing countries, while overweight and obesity in childhood as a global crisis have been linked to insulin resistance, type 2 diabetes, ... |
Vitamin d is a fat - soluble vitamin with hormonal functions, and concentrations of serum 25-hydroxyvitamin d (s-25(oh)d) are largely determined by ultraviolet light exposure, dietary intake, and supplementation . However, recent evidence from various research reports has suggested a role in the progression of chronic ... |
The root of scutellaria baicalensis georgi is a widely popular herbal medicine in asia; its main active constituents are flavonoids include baicalin, wogonoside, baicalein, and wogonin . The flavonoids have been shown to be correlated to circumstance, its content changes between various conditions, even has a very fine... |
Degenerative disease of the lumbar spine is often caused by compression of neural elements, which results in radicular pain and neurogenic claudication, weakness, numbness / tingling, and pain in the lower back / buttocks . Decompression of the spinal canal (dsc) is a common surgical procedure employed for various dise... |
The core symptoms of adhd are inattention, hyperactivity, and impulsivity . In most descriptions of adhd in the 1980s and the early 1990s, it seemed that hyperactivity had to be present in every case as a striking symptom, but with growing knowledge of adhd it became evident that not all patients - in particular girls ... |
Esophageal cancer is the 7th most common cancer in iran and it also is among the ten most common cancers in the world . Iran is a well - known region with a high prevalence for this cancer, mostly from the north and north east of the country . In the national report of the registered cancer cases in iran in 2007, esoph... |
Primary cysts have no clear aetiology and tend to arise spontaneously, while secondary cysts result from a known aetiology such as trauma, surgery or medications [1, 2]. Primary iris cysts may arise from either the iris pigment epithelium (ipe) or the iris stroma [2, 3]. In rare instances, an ipe cyst may dislodge and ... |
An initial search using three different search engines: google (www.google.com), yahoo (www.yahoo.com), and ask jeeves (www.ask.com) for the term thumb sucking habit was performed on 20 march 2014 . It was found that google (www.google.com, mountain view, ca) incorporated the vast majority of the links to websites whic... |
A small percentage of intracranial meningiomas appear to have a malignant potential [13]. These rare histological subtypes characterized as malignant (grade iii) and atypical (grade ii) exhibit aggressive clinical behavior and are less studied than the classic benign (grade i) tumors [2, 4]. Objective of this study was... |
Http://www.ebi.ac.uk/ena/data/view/lt699840-lt700186 north america harbors broadly terrestrial saline environments, including the great salt plains district . The gps is one of the most remarkable reservoirs for microbial community with variability of tolerance to saline stress . It is a distinguish area of the salt na... |
Advances in the mechanical properties of resin composites, associated with improvement in adhesive systems, have favored the clinical application of these restorative materials, especially in posterior teeth . In spite of these improvements, the mechanical properties of these materials vary considerably because of the ... |
Some other causes can be due to postoperative adhesions, duplication cyst, meconium ileus, and internal hernia . According to our knowledge, this is the first report of intrauterine volvulus of terminal ileum without malrotation that was diagnosed by ultrasound . Our case deals with terminal ileum torsion around its ax... |
The technical details of the arfem system used in this study have been described in detail previously . Briefly, the system essentially is comprised of three core components, a femtosecond laser, a dual element ultrasound transducer, and a sample chamber . Santa clara, ca, usa) that produces 130 fs pulses at a waveleng... |
Ant was developed by bruno latour, michel callon and john law in the field of science and technology studies during the 1980s . Although it carries theory in its name, ant is better understood as a range of methods for conducting research which aims to describe the connections that link humans and non - humans (for exa... |
Upper cervical spine instrumentation is always challenging for spine surgeons due to the highly variable pedicle anatomy and vertebral artery anomalies . Particularly, c1 - 2 fixation techniques have been developed in order to overcome those problems, and c1 lateral mass - c2 pedicle screw fixation has been increasingl... |
Children with new - onset type 1 diabetes were recruited for a randomized, placebo - controlled trial of low - dose oral interferon- for preservation of -cell function (the primary outcome of which will be published in a separate report). Patients had a mean age of 9.4 4.6 years, were enrolled within 6 weeks of diagnos... |
Adult male wistar rats (harlan, indianapolis, in) were housed in individual cages under specific pathogen free conditions, maintained in a temperature - controlled room with a 12:12-h light / dark cycle and provided with ad libitum access to water and standard laboratory chow (pmi nutrition international) unless otherw... |
Pelvic digits are rare congenital anomalies that develop in soft tissue. (1 - 4) there are less than twenty reported cases in the literature . The majority of reported pelvic digits are asymptomatic and found incidentally during radiography. (2) to date, there has never been a report describing a patient with a pelvic ... |
Amniotic band syndrome has many synonyms such as, congenital constriction rings, amniotic bands, limb body wall complex, adam complex this syndrome comprises a variety of anatomical abnormalities among newborns, and is associated with intrauterine struggling by the fetus in the uterus, thereby leading to deformations, ... |
Copd is a common pathology and, according to the world health organization, will be the third leading cause of death by 2025.1 in france, the prevalence of copd is in ~5%10% of adults> 45 years old.2 its human and social impact is marked, affecting 3.5 millions of individuals, with> 40,000 new cases diagnosed annually,... |
These slight facial asymmetries are acceptable esthetically . However, significant asymmetry may cause functional as well as esthetic problems . The etiology of facial asymmetry can be divided into three components: congenital, developmental and acquired.1,2 however etiology for certain cases remains unknown . Facial a... |
All animals (charles river, yokohama, japan) were housed under controlled temperature (25 1c) and 12 hr: 12 hr light: dark conditions (lights on at 07:00 hr) with food and water available ad libitum . All of the procedures were performed in accordance with the guidelines for animal care stipulated by the japanese physi... |
A 24yearold male presented with 2 weeks of abdominal pain, fever, weakness, and palpable splenomegaly . His complete blood count showed a white cell count of 20,000/cmm, hemoglobin of 6.8 g / dl, and platelet count of 42,000/cmm . Further testing showed prolonged pt and ptt, low haptoglobin, and a very high ddimer sugg... |
Mucormycosis is a rare but aggressive opportunistic fungal infection that is commonly caused by members of the family mucoraceae that include rhizopus, rhizomucor, mucor and absidia . Mucormycosis can cause severe, sometimes fatal disease in susceptible individuals with uncontrolled diabetic ketoacidosis, neutropenia, ... |
A survey in china showed that the number of patients with chronic kidney disease, which gradually leads to end - stage renal disease (esrd), was approximately 119.5 million . According to the chinese national renal data system (cnrds), the united states renal data system (usrds) reported that the mortality rate in 2013... |
Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis / parkinsonism - dementia complex (als / pdc) is a rare disorder endemic to guam island and the kii peninsula of japan . It shows a unique combination of parkinsonism, amyotrophy, and dementia, and the form of dementia, which shows a phenotype similar to alzheimer's disease (ad), is becomi... |
Atrial fibrillation (af) affects 12% of the total population, with prevalences increasing with age . If untreated, af increases the risk of ischaemic stroke, heart failure, and mortality . Anticoagulants are very effective and reduce the stroke risk by 60%, and all - cause mortality by 25% . Underdiagnosis of af is, ho... |
Sinus histiocytosis with massive lymphadenopathy known as rosai - dorfman disease (rdd) was first described in 1965 and identified as a distinct clinicopathologic entity in 196915). Rdd is a rare histiocytic proliferative disorder of unknown etiology usually characterized by painless bilateral cervical lymphadenopathy3... |
Kidney transplantation is the treatment of choice for patients who suffer end - stage renal disease (esrd). Survival and quality of life in renal transplant recipients are more than in dialysis patients (1, 2). Unfortunately, organ availability for kidney transplantation is restricted by the growing number of patients ... |
Gene duplication is one of the most prominent mechanisms by which organisms acquire new functions . Spectacular examples of such gains of function resulting from gene duplications are the evolution of trichromatic vision in primates, the evolution of human beta - globin genes that are involved in the oxygen transport a... |
Craniosynostosis (cs) is the premature fusion of one or more of the fibrous joints of the calvaria (cranial sutures). If this synostosis happens early enough in human development, it can lead to alterations in skull shape, reduced cranial growth, increased intracranial pressure, impaired blood flow, impaired vision and... |
Kearns sayre syndrome (kss) is a rare mitochondrial cytopathy, first described at mayo clinic in 1958.1 kss belongs to a group of mitochondrial dna (mtdna) deletion syndromes that also includes pearson syndrome and progressive external ophthalmoplegia (peo).2 classically, kss has a triad of features, including presence... |
Histone acetylation and deacetylation by histone acetyl transferases and histone deacetylases is involved in the epigenetic regulation in human cells [1, 2]. Recently, this post - translational modification has become a popular molecular target for cancer therapy . Hdac inhibitors (hdacis) have demonstrated significant... |
Community acquired pneumonia (cap) is defined as an acute infection of the pulmonary parenchyma that is associated with at least some symptoms of acute infection, accompanied by the presence of an acute infiltrate on a chest radiograph or auscultatory findings consistent with pneumonia, in a patient not hospitalized or... |
A 37-year - old nigerian trailer mechanic presented to the eye clinic of the university college hospital, ibadan, with gradual blurring of vision and difficulty reading and identifying peoples faces in both eyes over 10 years . Ocular examination showed unaided visual acuity of 6/36, n48 in both eyes (ou). Dilated fund... |
Severe hypertension in pediatric patients is thought to be secondary and often related to renovascular disease . For this reason, pediatric nephrologists have become the blood pressure (bp) specialists for children with hypertension . In children, neurological causes of hypertension are often related to increased intra... |
Secundum type atrial septal defect (asd) is one of the most common congenital heart defects that occur in adults.1) in the past, asd was closed surgically . Percutaneous device closure of asd has been developed as an alternative treatment to surgery.2) the first percutaneous device closure of asd was performed in 1974.... |
Small cell carcinoma of the bladder is a very rare and aggressive histological subtype, and accounts for less than 1% of all bladder tumors.its management is challenging because it presents in the same way of other more frequent histological types, but with a high metastatic power . The diagnosis demands that the patho... |
Endoscopic sphincterotomy (est) is the standard method for enlarging the bile duct opening in the duodenum before stone removal during endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography (ercp). Therefore, subsequent duodenobiliary reflux can occur with bacterial contamination and chronic inflammation of the biliary system,... |
Ten isoforms of voltage - gated na channels have been identified that vary in tissue distribution, structure, biophysical properties, and sensitivity to neurotoxins (table 1; chahine et al ., 2005). In standardized nomenclature, the nine confirmed members with> 50% common amino acid identity in the transmembrane and ex... |
The foot is the point of direct contact between the body and the surface below . Therefore, muscle force generated from the toes and ankles may play an important role in maintaining stability . A limited number of studies have reported the association between toe grasping strength and postural control . For example, tw... |
Breast cancer, the most common cancer in women worldwide, accounted for 1.7 million new cases in 2012, comprising a quarter of all new cancer cases . While traditional risk factors for breast cancer include age, family history of cancer, and reproductive and menstrual history, the national cancer institute also recogni... |
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