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Lemierre's syndrome is a septic thrombophlebitis of the internal jugular vein (ijv) commonly caused by anaerobic oropharyngeal flora that is usually followed by fulminant sepsis and rapid death in the pre - antibiotic era . Since the introduction of antibiotics, the morbidity and mortality associated with this syndrome... |
In the us, ~800,000 women are diagnosed with pelvic inflammatory disease (pid) each year.1 however, the us centers for disease control and prevention (cdc) estimates that more than one million women experience an episode of pid each year taking into account missed cases of pid.2 the rates of pid are concerning given th... |
The presence of fluid in the middle ear without symptoms or signs of infection is defined as otitis media with effusion (ome). Otitis media with effusion is different from acute otitis media because it is characterized by the presence of fluid in the middle ear accompanied by signs of acute inflammation of the middle e... |
The so - called feminization of medicine is likely to have important implications in patient - physician relationship, local and societal delivery of care, and the medical profession itself . When specialty choices are examined, women are proportionately over represented in the primary care fields . They are underrepre... |
Wiihabilitation is a new idea that came about after introduction of nintendo wii fit (wii) for rehabilitation1 . The nintendo wii is a low - cost commercial gaming system that provides an attractive means of facilitating exercise2, 3 . Nintendo wii fit games encourage lower extremity movement, challenge balance, and re... |
Endoscopic surgery, either by laparoscopy or thoracoscopy, was achieved through a trocar that inserted into the cavity where the target organ was located . All surgeons were obliged to use trocars as long as they adopted the co2 gas insufflation method . Because the first trocar was always inserted through the abdomina... |
Hepatitis b virus (hbv) infection is an important global health problem [1, 2] especially in asia, africa, southern europe, and latin america . About 2 billion people are infected with hbv worldwide [47], among them, 400 million suffer chronic hbv infection . In brazil, the hbsag positivity ranges from 1.6% to 8.5%, co... |
The national statistical office (2015) anticipates the elderly population to reach 15.7% (8.08 million) in 2020 and 40% or more in 2060 . Considering current state compared to statistical change the disabled older person showed symptoms of high level of dependence, anxiety, phobia, depression, and deterioration of heal... |
Autoimmune hepatitis (aih) is an immune - mediated chronic liver disease characterized by hepatocellular inflammation, necrosis, and fibrosis, which can progress to cirrhosis and fulminant hepatic failure if left untreated . Aih has a female predominance occurring in all ages and races, and both the median and mean age... |
Malaria is recognised as a major public health issue, affecting more than 90 countries with ongoing transmission and rendering nearly half of the world's population at risk . In 2012, an estimated 207 million cases occurred globally, causing around 627 000 deaths, mostly african children under five years of age . Plasm... |
Hepatitis b virus (hbv) can cause chronic and acute infection and remains a global health problem with a considerable morbidity and mortality . It was estimated that there are currently more than 350 million carriers all over the world . Chronic hepatitis b virus (hbv) infection is a major cause of hepatocellular carci... |
The most recent national hospital discharge survey reported over 400,000 patients underwent cardiac surgery in the united states in 2010 . In cardiac patients, respiratory problems following extubation are the most significant cause of postoperative comorbidity, despite considerable improvement in postoperative care an... |
The scope of newborn screening has expanded greatly in the 52 years since robert guthrie published his microbial assay for phenylalanine and the use of dried blood spots in screening for phenylketonuria . Though guthrie and others went on to develop blood - spot screening methods for further disorders none were taken u... |
Intravesical instillation of bacillus calmette - guerin (bcg) is an established option for the treatment and prophylaxis of non - muscle - invasive bladder cancer . Low - grade fever and irritative bladder symptoms are common side - effects of intravesical bcg instillation therapy . Penile lesions or balanitis as compl... |
Lung cancer is the main cause of mortality related to cancer in the most developed countries . However, some of the patients at initial stages of disease (stage i, ii) are curable . One of the most important factors in deciding for treatment of these patients is preoperative staging with the most common form being tnm ... |
It is a leading infective cause of mortality in children under 5 years of age . In 2013, bronchopneumonia caused death in 935,000 of children under 5 years . Since pediatric population is vulnerable and specific, clinical features are often non - specific and conditioned by numerous factors . These factors include cert... |
Dendritic cells play a key role not only in asthma during the initiation of the allergic immune response but also in the effector phase of the allergic inflammation leading to typical clinical symptoms [1, 2]. Basically, the dendritic cells can be divided into three groups: a small population of plasmacytoid dendritic ... |
Approximately 795 000 strokes occur every year in the united states, 87% of which are ischemic, and 6.6 million living adults have experienced a stroke.1 it is the fifth leading cause of death, the leading cause of longterm disability, and costs $33 billion per year in health care expenses and lost productivity.1 effec... |
These include evolution from fiberoptic imaging to generation of images using a charge - coupled device and high definition digital imaging . Enhanced endoluminal imaging techniques have included chromoendoscopy and modalities that aspire to optical biopsy . Among techniques for enhanced optical diagnosis, narrow band ... |
Keratinocyte cancer (kc), including squamous cell carcinoma (scc) and basal cell carcinoma (bcc), is the most commonly diagnosed cancer in the united states . While ultraviolet radiation is an established risk factor for kc, growing evidence suggests infection with cutaneous human papillomavirus (hpv) may increase the ... |
The us chinese anti - cancer association (uscaca,, http://www.uscaca.org/) is a non - profit professional organization founded in 2009 . With members from academia, industry and government, uscaca facilitates collaboration among cancer research and physicians in the united states and china . Our current focus is on exp... |
Portal vein embolization (pve) has been widely accepted as an effective means to increase the future remnant liver volume (frlv) in patients requiring extensive liver resection . The safety and efficacy of pve have been confirmed by several studies and a recent meta - analysis.14 pve induces atrophy of the ipsilateral ... |
Nevertheless, many people do not have adequate physical activity and sedentary lifestyle has become an important public health issue in all age groups, including adolescents . Because of increasing consumption of high - calorie food, use of digital technologies, and adopting a sedentary lifestyle in older age, physical... |
In 2008, the greater london authority and the london health consortium, with funding provided by the big lottery, instigated a series of health interventions entitled well london. These activities were set up in 20 of london's most disadvantaged neighbourhoods, in an effort to promote healthier life - styles as a way o... |
The enclosure of eukaryotic genomes within the nuclear envelope evolutionarily generated the necessity to transport macromolecules selectively between nucleus and cytoplasm . Following their synthesis in cytoplasm, histones and nucleic acid polymerases have to reach the nucleus, while specifically cytoplasmic proteins ... |
Periodontal disease is accompanied by inflammation of the gingiva and destruction of periodontal tissues, leading to alveolar bone loss in severe clinical cases . Prostaglandin e2 (pge2), interleukin- (il-)6, and il-8 are known to play important roles in inflammatory responses and tissue degradation . Pge2 has several ... |
Chronic liver diseases are amongst the top leading causes of death worldwide (13). Chronic liver diseases are characterized by unrelenting progression of liver inflammation and fibrosis over a prolonged period of time, usually more than 20 years, which may eventually lead to cirrhosis (4). Renal dysfunction is a common... |
Gliomas are the most frequent primary tumors of the central nervous system (cns) and represent approximately 2% of all malignant diseases . Their annual incidence is about 11.5 new cases per 100.000 persons per year [1, 2]. The who classification of tumors of the central nervous system distinguishes the subtypes of gli... |
Successful treatment of root canal infections depends on destroying the causative organisms and preventing re - infection . Irrigating solutions and other intra - canal medicaments are necessary anti - microbial adjuncts to mechanical cleaning . Several studies have shown that vast areas of canal walls, especially in t... |
The overall annual incidence of intussusception in adults in the general population has been reported to be as low as 2 cases/1 000 000 persons; adults account for ~5% of confirmed intussusceptions . As high as 90% of cases of adult intussusception are due to a pathological process, with neoplasms accounting for ~60% o... |
Obsessive compulsive disorder (ocd) is the fourth most common psychiatric illness, with a lifetime prevalence of 1%3%.1 the world health organization rates ocd as one of the top 20 most disabling diseases.2 if untreated, the course is usually chronic, or waxing and waning . Only approximately one - third of ocd patient... |
Segments of dna with near - identical sequence (segmental duplications or duplicons) in the human genome can be hot spots or predisposition sites for the occurrence of non - allelic homologous recombination or unequal crossing - over leading to genomic mutations such as deletion, duplication, inversion or translocation... |
Autonomic dysreflexia (ad) is a well known condition of an uncontrolled sympathetic output, that generally occurs in patients with spinal cord injury (sci) who have a lesion above t6 spinal level1). Ad is caused by spinal reflex mechanisms that remain intact despite the injury of the spinal cord . In sci patients, bloo... |
Hundreds of genes have been implicated in alzheimer's disease, many of which can be grouped into discrete signalling networks and pathways relevant to the various subpathologies, risk factors, and biochemistry of alzheimer's disease . Many of the environmental risk factors associated with alzheimer's disease, including... |
Contacts between amino acid side chains are fundamental during protein folding, especially those contacts between pairs of residues that preserve the native state of the protein . These contacts are often well separated in the sequence but close in the protein 3d structure . New methods to predict contacts, based on di... |
Laparotomy in goat is an invasive surgical procedure into the abdominal cavity that allows visual examination of abdominal organs and documentation and correction of certain pathologic abnormalities observed [1, 2]. Generally, it constitutes the single largest group of surgical operations carried out in ruminants [3, 4... |
Conventional purification of histone h1.4k26 methyltransferase activity hela nuclear pellet fraction was prepared following the protocol of dignam et al . Approximately 10 g of nuclear pellet fraction were subjected to 1000 ml of de52 resin (whatman) that was packed into a low - pressure chromatography column (15 cm di... |
Fine - needle aspiration (fna) is the standard method used to determine treatment plans for thyroid nodules . Based on the bethesda system, the most generally accepted system for reporting thyroid cytology, the benign category implies a less than 3% risk of malignancy . Follow - up ultrasound (us) is recommended when t... |
The patient was a healthy 29-year - old multigravida . In week 28, the fetus was found to have an anterior neck mass and polyhydramnios was also detected by prenatal ultrasound . During the last four weeks prior to delivery, the neck mass grew substantially, had a broad base, and was 7 cm in diameter . An exit procedur... |
Leprosy is a chronic disease caused by mycobacterium leprae affecting the peripheral nervous system, the skin, and other tissues . Histoid leprosy (hl) is an uncommon variant of lepromatous leprosy (ll), first described by wade in 1960 . It is characterized by skin colored papules and/or subcutaneous nodules and plaque... |
This mini - review describes the toxic effects of vanadium pentoxide inhalation principally in the workplace and associated complications with breathing and respiration . Vanadium is a by - product of oil - burning furnaces when vanadium pentoxide (mr 181.88) is deposited in the flues . Inhalation is the principal rout... |
The family reoviridae accommodates a wide range of members that infect protists, fungi, plants, invertebrates, and vertebrates, and are characterized by 912 segmented double - stranded rna (dsrna) genomes, multi - layered virion structures, and particle - associated enzymes for rna synthesis . The family now consists o... |
Metastatic lesions comprise approximately 1% of the tumors in the sellar / parasellar (sps) area for which patients undergo transsphenoidal surgery (tss) [1, 2]; however, it has been reported in autopsy series that the rate of metastasis to these areas could be as high as 28% . Breast and lung cancer are the two most c... |
Brain - derived neurotrophic factor (bdnf) is a member of the nerve growth factor family and it exerts its effects by binding to the tropomyosin kinase b receptor . Among the neurotrophins bdnf is a basic dimeric protein, and its subunit is a 13.5 kda (119 amino acids) molecule . It is an essential mediator of neuronal... |
Understanding information transmission within neuronal circuits, and the factors underlying long - range axonal signaling malfunction, relies on identifying the axonal ion channels that are key regulators of node of ranvier (nor) excitability . Nors are highly specialized zones in myelinated axons containing high densi... |
Cirrhosis is a global public health concern that results from chronic liver damage due to viral infection, alcohol abuse, autoimmune disease, and non - alcoholic steatohepatitis . In cirrhotic patients, the mortality rate of patients with initial episodes of variceal hemorrhage is up to 20%, and the recurrence rate of ... |
Despite many years of research efforts and impressive progress in knowledge of mechanisms of endometriosis development, the etiopathogenesis of the disease and exact cause of infertility in patients suffering from endometriosis still remain poorly understood . None of the theories and models of endometriosis pathogenes... |
Idiopathic demyelinating polyneuropathies are not common in the context of acute kidney injury (aki). Poems syndrome (polyneuropathy, organomegaly, endocrinopathy, monoclonal gammopathy, and skin changes) is a rare disease characterized by the presence of proliferation of plasma cells with mainly lambda - chain restric... |
Kits for cd34 and cd31 cells were, respectively, from stemcell technologies (grenoble, france) and dynal - biotech (invitrogen, cergy - pontoise, france). Culture media, including endothelial cell basal medium (ecbm), were from promocell (heidelberg, germany). Antibodies for flow cytometry were from bd biosciences (le ... |
The main goal of endodontic treatment is the complete apical and coronal seal of root canal system to prevent the bacterial leakage and percolation many studies have confirmed the importance of coronal leakage as a possible cause of failure of root canal treatment (rct). Malone and donelly considered coronal restoratio... |
To make adaptive choices, people should sometimes exhibit patience, forgoing immediate benefits to acquiring more valuable future rewards . Humans account for future consequences when making temporal decisions, whereas many animal species wait only a few seconds for delayed benefits . The extreme differences between hu... |
Three series have reported the prevalence of autoimmune pancreatitis as between 5% and 6% of all patients with chronic pancreatitis . It is very important to distinguish between these two entities regarding to differences in treatment and prognosis . Aip appears to be a disease of the elderly, but vary widely in age, a... |
Diabetes prevalence in persons over 65 years old is rapidly increasing, with current estimates varying between 15 and 25% (1). During the next decade, the greatest increase in diabetes is anticipated to be among persons aged 75 and older (2). Compared with older adults without diabetes, those with diabetes have life ex... |
In most cells, proteostasis involves continuous regulation of protein synthesis and degradation, but the eye lens is a notable exception . During the final stages of maturation, lens cells eject all organelles, preventing normal protein turnover . The lens therefore provides a unique opportunity to observe the effects ... |
Since prostate - specific antigen (psa) was demonstrated in prostatic tissue in 1970, measurement of the serum psa level has become widely used for the early diagnosis and management of prostate cancer . However, it is well known that an increased serum psa level does not always indicate the existence of prostate cance... |
Somatization is a condition in which the patient experiences unexplained medical symptoms, and is sometimes called functional somatic complaint.1,2 the condition is particularly hard to detect in the elderly and its effects should not be underestimated as it can become a serious medical condition.3 high comorbidity bet... |
Typically, we study experience with health care conditions, including health care costs and quality, as if these conditions occur in isolation, one at a time . The vast majority of extant clinical guidelines and disease management programs focus on a single condition, although the experience of multiple chronic illness... |
Hwa byung (hb,) is a disease caused by continuous stress and the inhibition of bad emotions such as depression, anger, and so on . Hb produces various psychological and somatic symptoms, including depressed mood, anxiety, pushing up in the chest, chest tightness, fatigue, headaches, dizziness, mouth dryness, insomnia, ... |
It is a consequence of chronic inflammation and infections leading to anatomic distortion and dilation of the bronchi . As a result, many insults have to be considered in its pathogenesis, and the condition is typically considered irreversible . However, studies have shown potential reversibility with early treatment.1... |
Parathyroid hormone (pth) is a linear peptide consisting of 84 amino acids and produced by the parathyroid cells . It plays a critical role in the calcium metabolism, and its receptor (pth1r) is present in several tissues, with special importance in renal tubules and bone cells . The classical biological activity of pt... |
The prevalence of newborns with hyperthyrotropinemia was 1 in 8,000 live births at the beginning of neonatal screening in 1979 (1), and it is now 1 in 2,500 births (2) in japan . Due to the increase in the prevalence of screening - positive newborns, the number of newborns diagnosed as having transient hypothyroidism o... |
Forward head posture (fhp) is a commonly noted abnormal neck posture in students who carry heavy loads or maintain a sitting posture for long periods1,2,3 . Fhp is defined as the hyperextension of the upper cervical and a forward translation of the cervical vertebrae4 . Fhp increases the compressive loading on tissues ... |
Cysteine point mutations for residues were introduced via the quikchange mutagenesis kit (stratagene) using a human p2x2 receptor or rat p2x4-myc (y378a) plasmid as the template . Human p2x2 receptor plasmid (gift of dr . Andrew powell, glaxosmithkline, united kingdom) contained the sequence of the p2x2a isoform (q9ubl... |
The first important discussion regarding sialosis in dental reports was mentioned 35 years ago and since then little has been published . Sailadenosis refers to noninflammatory, often recurrent enlargement of the salivary glands, most frequently, the parotids . It is usually associated with various underlying disorders... |
The institutional review board approved this case report prior to any review of medical records . An 80-year - old man was transferred to our institute because of an incidentally detected renal tumor . The patient underwent a right partial nephrectomy due to a previously diagnosed rcc eight years prior . Recent routine... |
Autophagy, literally meaning self (auto) eating (phagy), is an evolutionarily conserved and highly regulated catabolic process that leads to the degradation of cellular components using lysosomal / vacuolar degradation machinery of the same cell . Depending on the mechanism of transport to lysososome / vacuole, at leas... |
Stroke patients suffer neurotransmission problems, decreases in cognitive and visual perceptions, damage to the sensitivity of sight, decrease in peripheral sensory sensitivity, and disorders in the vestibular system . Stroke can result in various problems when performing activities of daily life, such as eating, cloth... |
Appropriate management of moderate postoperative pain is well achieved associating several analgesic drugs with adjuvant agents through synergistic interaction . The potential advantage of this combined therapy is related to the minimization of the incidences of adverse effects of each drug and to the improvement of th... |
When a septal deviation (sd) is present during the endoscopy performed before a transcanalicular diode laser - assisted dacryocystorhinostomy (tcl dcr), one tends to think that this anatomical alteration could influence the final result, due to technical difficulties and alterations in osteotomy healing . Dacryocystorh... |
An estimated 9 million people contracted mycobacterium tuberculosis in 2013, with a further 1.5 million deaths attributed to tuberculosis (tb) infection and coinfection with hiv (1). Vaccination is widely accepted to be the most effective method for control of an infectious disease . The current tb vaccine, mycobacteri... |
Various etiologies of cutaneous horn reported in literature till date111213 though cutaneous horns have been described in the literature for many years, they still remain novel to many clinicians especially when located in unusual areas like the genitalia . They usually appear in uncovered areas and/or from constant ir... |
In most classifications of tibial plateau fractures, including one used most widely - schatzker classification, fractures are described as a combination of medial and lateral condyle, primarily in the sagittal plane . Coronal component of these fractures, affecting the posterior tibial condyle is now well recognized . ... |
Dexmedetomidine, the pharmacologically active d - isomer of medetomidine, is a highly selective and specific 2-adrenoceptor agonist . Dexmedetomidine, by its central sympatholytic action, promotes haemodynamic stability when used as an adjuvant during general anaesthesia . However, because of its sedative property, it ... |
Paget's disease is a chronic bone disorder characterized by focal areas of excessive osteoclastic resorption accompanied by a secondary increase in osteoblastic activity, resulting in abnormal bone structure, bone expansion, and deformity . Scintigraphy using either tc99m - methylene diphosphonate or fluorine-18 (f-18)... |
Forty - eight patients diagnosed with pdd at the movement disorder outpatient clinic of the university hospitals based on the uk parkinson s disease society brain bank clinical diagnostic criteria and the clinical diagnostic criteria for probable pdd were enrolled . Clinical information included age, gender, disease du... |
Natural killer (nk) cells represent a highly specialized lymphoid population initially identified by a potent cytolytic activity against tumor or virus infected cells . Different from t or b lymphocytes, they do not express clonally distributed receptors for antigen [1, 2], while their function is finely regulated by a... |
One of those subtypes is immunoglobulin d multiple myeloma which can have different clinical presentations . Advancement in the treatment of immunoglobulin d multiple myeloma is promising and should lead clinicians to earlier diagnosis for better outcomes . A 53-year - old caucasian male patient with previous medical h... |
In recent years, a significant increase in the prevalence of obesity has been observed in many countries and across different age groups, including children.1,2 the increase in the prevalence of childhood obesity is worrying because of obese children s higher risk of becoming obese adults and because of the various mor... |
Methylmercury (mehg) is an environmental contaminant produced from natural or anthropogenic sources of mercury by methylation in widespread sulphate reducing bacteria . Mehg enters the aquatic food chain and accumulates to become a threat for higher - order aquatic mammals and fish, but also to human health through con... |
Alkyl polyethoxylates (apeo), widely used as industrial and domestic surfactants, are added to a variety of products such as dispersants, emulsifiers, detergents, dyes, antioxidants, pesticides, spermicides, and cosmetics [14]. Most of these compounds including nonylphenol polyethoxylates (npeox) are incorporated to aq... |
Dunaliella salina teodoresco is a green alga capable of producing high concentrations of carotenoids, i.e. More than 8% of dry weight (ben - amotz et al . Good hplc - based methods already exist for the separation, detection and quantification of a wide variety of carotenoids (fraser et al . . However, these methods do... |
Pulmonary mucoepidermoid carcinoma (pmec) is a rare cancer that comprises only 0.1 to 0.2% of all primary lung malignancies (1,2,3,4). Pmec is classified as a salivary gland type lung carcinoma, which originates from the submucosal glands of the trachea and bronchus (5,6). Histologic grade, cancer stage and lymph node ... |
Non - small cell lung carcinoma (nsclc) constitutes approximately 80% of lung cancer, with a 5-year survival of only 15% . Further study on the pathogenetic mechanism of lung cancer is needed to establish novel diagnostic or treatment strategies for this lethal disease . Ca is a ubiquitous cellular signal mediating var... |
Over the past decade the role of accelerated partial breast irradiation (apbi) for patients with early stage breast cancer has emerged as an alternative to the conventional whole breast irradiation with external beam [17]. Apbi with high dose rate (hdr) interstitial implants significantly reduces the overall treatment ... |
The incidence of neuroendocrine tumors is increasing (approximately 6% per year), but clinical presentation is nonspecific, resulting in delays in diagnosis (5 - 7 years; approximately 70% have metastases). Neuroendocrine tumors usually exist at the lung, stomach and colon, but the small bowel is a rare location . We p... |
Recruitment of hematopoietic progenitor and stem cells (hpscs) to the blood followed by chemotherapy or cytokine treatment is a clinical process termed stem cell mobilization . This process mimics enhancement of the physiological release of stem cells and progenitors from the bone marrow (bm) reservoir in response to s... |
Posterior elbow dislocation is the most common type of elbow dislocation with slightly higher incidence in the male population and they constitute 1025% of all injuries to the elbow among persons with a mean age of 30 years . The human instinct to protect the dominant arm from injury during fall is responsible for a sl... |
Sevoflurane has a low blood / gas partition coefficient and does not irritate the airways . Inhalation induction should provide rapid loss of consciousness to ensure patient's comfort and satisfaction and to avoid adverse effects such as excitations, breath holding, coughing and/or laryngospasm . Several adjuvants and ... |
The clinician is always in a dilemma to choose which hemostatic solution on the basis of its effect on smear layer . Even, relationship between thicknesses of smear layer with ph of the hemostatic solution should be established . This study was planned to evaluate the effect of 21.3% aluminum chloride, 0.05% oxymetazol... |
Familial hypercholesterolemia (fh) is a common autosomal dominant genetic disorder and is an important health issue . Patients with fh are exposed to a lifetime burden of high low density lipoprotein cholesterol (ldl - c) and have significantly increased cardiovascular risk . Therefore, early and appropriate diagnosis ... |
It is a virtually immutable universal law that when communications are needed the most desperately and urgently, the difficulty of effecting the desired communication increases exponentially . Examples in our immediate experience include the south asia tsunami, hurricanes katrina and rita in the usa, the south asian ea... |
. However, the real impact appears in those burns that are not fatal, and cause disability, prolonged hospital stays, psychosocial stigmas, and pain.1 the latter is a constant cause of attention because it affects quality of life.2,3 most hospitals try to integrate a multidisciplinary team for the treatment of burn pai... |
Environmental noise together with its impact on public health has been an important issue for many years . Substantial evidence has been accumulated on the negative physiological and psychological effects of environmental noise . Sufficiently evidenced effects on health and well - being are annoyance, sleep disturbance... |
The outbreak involved a group of 3 persons and a group of 29 persons who ate lunch at a catering college restaurant . A probable case - patient was defined as a restaurant diner with diarrhea onset within 7 days after eating at the restaurant on may 12, 2011 . Environmental health officers inspected the restaurant kitc... |
Facial muscles such as the buccinator, orbicularis oris, and risorius play an important role in the oral phase of swallowing and are also involved in facial expression . However, neurological disorders such as stroke cause paralysis of the opposite sides of the body, thereby affecting the facial muscles1 . The impairme... |
Toxoplasmosis is an infection caused by the intracellular protozoon t. gondii, for which the primary host is cats . Sexual reproduction of this parasite takes place in the intestinal environment of cats, and the oocysts produced are eliminated together with the feces . The oocysts remain viable in the external environm... |
The development of bleaching agents containing hydrogen peroxide or its precursor, carbamide peroxide, in varying concentrations, ranging from 10 to 38%, has made in - office bleaching effective . Although effective bleaching has been achieved in terms of esthetics, the deleterious effects of bleaching agents on the to... |
Joint - preserving procedures for the treatment of osteonecrosis of the femoral head in young patients include core decompression, vascularized bone grafting, and proximal femoral osteotomy . Since 1995, we have performed rotational acetabular osteotomy (rao) for 90 hips with osteonecrosis associated with collapse of t... |
Plica neuropathica is an acquired, rare condition characterized by sudden and irreversible matting of scalp hair in otherwise healthy individuals . It was formerly supposed to be a disease peculiar to poles (hence named as plica polonica) and was usually the result of neglect or parasitic infestations . Subsequently, o... |
A 63-year - old man with diabetes and end - stage kidney failure had been receiving maintenance hemodialysis in the outpatient clinic at odense university hospital in odense, denmark, since 1997 . A femoral femoral bridge graft was used for vascular access . In november 2013, he was admitted to the hospital because of ... |
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