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The prostate - specific antigen (psa) level has been an important diagnostic tool for detecting prostate cancer . It has been shown that an abnormal digital rectal examination (dre) has markedly decreased and biochemical findings (elevated psa) have increased over the past 20 years for the indication of prostate biopsy... |
Generation of transgenic lines is described in the supplementary methods . To induce recombination and subsequently genetically label cardiomyocytes, embryos / adults were treated with 4-oht followed by a wash period of at least 1 week prior to amputation . Adult fish were anesthetized in 0.4%tricaine and secured ventr... |
The prevention and treatment of ovarian hyperstimulation syndrome (ohss), an iatrogenic and potentially life - threatening disease process, which may occur in healthy young women undergoing controlled ovarian hyperstimulation (coh) for assisted reproduction has been the subject of maximum research and innovation since ... |
A 32-year - old man was transferred to an intensive care unit (icu) due to respiration difficulties from a hepatology ward where he had been admitted after a 7-day history of symptoms of acute viral hepatitis a (ha) and a 3-day history of progressive distal and proximal weakness of limbs with additional facial weakness... |
Keratoacanthoma is a rapidly evolving cutaneous tumor composed of keratinizing squamous cells originating from the supra - seboglandular portion of the hair follicle . Keratoacanthoma may be solitary or multiple but the most common form is the classical solitary variety, which occurs on the exposed body parts of the el... |
When fibrosarcoma is diagnosed during the early years of life, it is called congenital infantile fibrosarcoma (cif), representing less than 1% of all pediatric malignant tumors (1, 2). In contrast with adult fibrosarcoma, infantile fibrosarcoma (if) rarely exhibits distant metastasis and has a good prognosis; greater t... |
Symmetry transitions are common during embryogenesis of all multicellular organisms [14]. In most cases, the transition is from radial to bilateral symmetry and controlled by hox and decapentaplegic genes in animals [5, 6]. In fact, the echinoderms provide the only reported example in which this order is reversed such ... |
Deep vein thrombosis (dvt) remains an underestimated problem in icu patients, despite the findings of many randomized controlled trials performed in the field of dvt prophylaxis after surgery during the past few decades . The canadian survey reported in the present issue of critical care provides a useful snapshot of d... |
The european working group on sarcopenia in older people has recently suggested that the definition of sarcopenia should include not only low muscle mass but also low muscle function (strength or performance) because sarcopenia is a syndrome that is characterized by both . The loss of muscle mass and strength are probl... |
An essential requirement of any orthodontic therapy is the maintenance of a meticulous oral hygiene so as to effectively control the growing of bacterial plaque over tooth surfaces . The fixed orthodontic appliances may lead to an increase in the levels of plaque and alteration of its quality . Early tooth decay around... |
A 68-year - old, otherwise healthy female presented with a sudden, temporary loss of vision in her left eye, which occurred 1 day prior to the encounter . She stated that it seemed like a black window shade was pulled over the bottom half of her eye . The loss of vision lasted for ~1 minute, which occurred while she wa... |
Multiple primary or secondary malignancies after anticancer therapy were recently reported to be increasing in frequency because of advancement of chemotherapy technology and resultant longer patient survival times . The incidence of multiple primary malignancies is approximately 0.73% to 11.7% of cancer patients6) and... |
The formation of solvated and in particular hydrated forms, in which solvent molecules occupy regular positions in the crystal structure, is widespread for pharmaceutical materials . Recent statistical surveys based on the results of 245 polymorph screens of organic compounds and our own evaluation of the literature on... |
The vestibular system, or the system of balance, provides information about the motion, equilibrium, and spatial orientation of the body . Lesions of the vestibular system result in postural and visual deficits accompanied by dizziness, vertigo, and changes in cardiorespiratory and gastrointestinal functions . Signs of... |
The mechanosensitive channel of small conductance (mscs) is a ubiquitous osmolyte release valve present in all phyla of walled cells, from bacteria to higher plants (pivetti et al ., 2003; balleza and gmez - lagunas, 2009). In bacteria, mscs and three other mechanosensitive channels (mscm, msck, and mscl) comprise a me... |
For the first time in 1911, it was found as a fungal yeast in human stool specimen; then, it was identified as a nonpathogenic protozoan and was forgotten for decades (2, 3). Between 1970 and 1980 with several studies conducted on blastocystis, the first spark of attraction was paid in relation to biology and clinical ... |
Pelvic exenteration (pe) describes a radical surgery involving the en bloc resection of the pelvic organs, including the internal reproductive organs, bladder, and rectosigmoid . Indications include advanced primary or recurrent pelvic malignancies, most commonly centrally recurrent cervical carcinoma, but also other g... |
, a bilateral breast cancer recurrence was diagnosed and cured with demolition surgery and cmf chemotherapy for 8 cycles . Given that the patient was 67 years old at the time of brca mutation diagnosis, a bilateral oophorectomy was proposed, and in june 1998, she underwent a bilateral oophorectomy showing no evidence o... |
The common iliac arteries start from the aortic bifurcation and terminate by dividing into the external and internal iliac arteries (figure 1). The length of the common iliac artery constitutes the distance between its more variable origin and its more stable termination [13]. It is of note that these 2 points indicate... |
Left main coronary artery arising from the right sinus of valsalva as a single coronary ostium is an extremely rare anatomic anomaly occurring in approximately 0.06% of angiographic series . Single coronary artery is encountered more frequently with other congenital cardiac malformations such as persistent truncus arte... |
Acommon problem in clinical laboratories is maintaining the stability of serum analytes during sample storage . Samples are usually stored in the door (48c) of a refrigerator for short durations or in a deep freezer (20c) for longer time periods . Thus, the temperature at which the samples are stored constitutes an imp... |
The tree of life (tol) is a widely used metaphor to describe the history of life on earth . While darwin argued that the' coral of life' may be a more apt description (since only the surface remains alive, supported by the dead generations beneath it), relationships between organisms based on shared characters are best... |
Glycaemic variability is considered a risk factor for diabetic complications, over and above raw glycaemic levels (as measured through fasting blood glucose or glycosylated haemoglobin) [13]. However, there is still controversy about which metric should be used to assess these dynamic aspects . Conventional statistics ... |
Thrombotic thrombocytopenic purpura (ttp) is a rare disorder with an incidence of 45 cases per million per year . Timely diagnosis and availability of effective treatment such as plasma exchange therapy have reduced the morbidity and mortality significantly . Usually, it is idiopathic or autoimmune, but several predisp... |
Olfaction plays a critical role in the daily life of vertebrates, such as prey detection, predator avoidance, mating, and territoriality (mombaerts 1999). Two distinct nasal olfactory systems exist in most terrestrial vertebrates: the main olfactory system (mos) and the vomeronasal system (vns) (dulac and torello 2003;... |
Percutaneous coronary intervention (pci) revolutionized treatment of coronary artery disease (cad); to date, it is the most commonly used myocardial revascularization method in cardiology [1 - 3]. Drug - eluting stents (dess) can markedly reduce restenosis and have become the most commonly used devices in interventiona... |
Laparoscopic wedge resection has been widely accepted and is now considered to be a minimally invasive surgery for small gastrointestinal stromal tumor (gist) in the stomach . Simple resection using a linear stapler is technically easy, although unnecessary excessive resection of unaffected gastric wall is generally un... |
Neuroendocrine tumors (nets) originate from neural crest cells which belong to the amine precursor uptake and decarboxylation (apud) lineage and have both neural and endocrine cell features . These tumors are generally seen in the gastroenteropancreatic tract and lungs and rarely in ovary . These tumors can be imaged u... |
Before ecd can be used for analysis, they must first be prepared so that they accurately represent the health risks and outcomes of the patients studied, as well as the care provided by health care system . Davis and colleagues report on a retrospective observational study in veterans with rheumatoid arthritis to valid... |
The pubmed search string cardiac surgical procedures (mesh) and randomized controlled trial (publication type) was used to identify cardiac surgery randomized controlled trials published between january 1, 2010, and june 30, 2014 . Our search was limited to 5 high - impact journals in general medicine, cardiovascular m... |
A total of 130 consecutive p. aeruginosa isolates recovered from different clinical specimens at sanjay gandhi postgraduate institute of medical sciences in lucknow, uttar pradesh, india, during november 2013april 2014 were included in the study; all specimens were collected from within the state (figure 1). Aeruginosa... |
The field of small - molecule organocatalysis via noncovalent interactions has seen rampant growth over the past decade . This area, which aims to mimic the mechanisms used by nature in enzyme catalysis, is attractive due to its potential for high catalyst tunability and substrate specificity, as well as obviating the ... |
Olfactory neuroblastoma or esthesioneuroblastoma is a rare malignant neoplasm of neuroectodermal origin arising from olfactory membrane of the sinonasal tract . It was originally described in french literature by berger et al . In 1924 who coined the term the various synonyms used for this entity are olfactory esthesio... |
Accidents and injuries are part of daily events, and many of these injuries are initially treated by untrained personnel due to lack of health care providers on the accident site . Therefore, implementing correct first aid measures is vital for victims in emergency cases and helps to improve the overall outcome of the ... |
There are over 50 million epileptic patients all over the world according the data from world health organization (1). In the world, there are approximately 2.4 million new epileptic patients each year, of which at least 50% begin in childhood and adolescence (1). In the treatment of partial and tonic - clonic seizures... |
Prostaglandin e2 (pge2) is mainly produced by osteoblasts during bone resorption associated with inflammation and acts as a potent stimulator of bone resorption . Inflammatory cytokines, such as interleukin (il)-1 and tumor necrosis factor (tnf) which induces pge2 production by osteoblasts, and pge2 are able to induce ... |
S. aureus is commonly present in diabetic foot infections [14], particularly limb - threatening infections [57], as well as more invasive infections like endocarditis . Additionally, hyperglycemia is associated with an increased risk of death from s. aureus bacteremia . Thus, diabetes and hyperglycemia appear to increa... |
A 15-year old boy attempted suicide by taking a high dose of disulfiram (20 mg). Upon arrival at the hospital, he was alert and vital signs were stable . One month after, he suddenly developed an acute insult consisted of anxiety attack and subsequent retrocollis and forceful upward deviation of the eyes . During the a... |
Lung cancer is one of the leading causes of cancer - related deaths in the world . Although it is well known that smoking is the primary risk factor for lung cancer, lung cancer develops in less than 20% of people who smoke throughout their life . Moreover, lung cancer is a multi - cellular and multistage process invol... |
It is caused by a complex interplay of motor, sensory, and cognitive impairments2 . These neurological deficits are the prime cause of reduced quality of life and social participation3 . Thus, gait and balance recovery is regarded as a chief goal in stroke rehabilitation4 . Until now, various exercise programs such as ... |
Grace data recorded postseismic increase of the gravity field by 6 galviscoelastic relaxation and afterslip were examined with the gravity datathe grace data constrain the biviscous rheology model for the asthenosphere grace data recorded postseismic increase of the gravity field by 6 gal viscoelastic relaxation and af... |
Thais clavigera, a taupe shuttle - like conch, inhabits in the mesolittoral zone, on the rocks, and under the pebbles along the coasts from south to north in china and most coasts in japan . In recent years, it is usually applied as indicator of heavy metal pollution especially organotin in ocean [2, 3]. It has also be... |
The search for new therapeutic approaches capable of preventing and treating musculoskeletal dysfunctions is progressively increasing in conjunction with current technological innovations . In this context, taping techniques have developed as a complement to the treatment of musculoskeletal dysfunctions, and has improv... |
Initiatives such as the surviving sepsis campaign, launched in 2002 as a collaborative initiative of the european society of intensive care medicine, the international sepsis forum, and the society of critical care medicine, aim to effectively reduce risk of death from severe sepsis and septic shock . Nonetheless, alth... |
Unfortunately this demand is more than the supply in terms of surgeons performing these surgeries . Robotic surgery fills the gap between having skills and not having one . A surgeon with limited skills this leads to added advantage both to the patient as well as the surgeon . Notwithstanding the cost, robot helps to d... |
Clinical decision - making should be founded on the highest level of evidence available . According to current hierarchies, randomized control trials (rcts) govern the top echelon due to the lowest possible influence of bias . As such, well - executed rcts are the gold standard for clinicians assessing therapeutic effe... |
Patients with graves orbitopathy have a higher probability of myasthenia gravis than the normal population.1 according to a large retrospective case series, myasthenia gravis was diagnosed in two of 150 patients with graves orbitopathy (1.3%).2 patients with graves orbitopathy commonly show eyelid retraction and/or hyp... |
At the duke - nus graduate medical school in singapore, a 1-year longitudinal family medicine clerkship was developed in 2008 to teach core precepts of primary and family care . This included a community - based component to enhance learning about chronic disease management and community-, patient- and family - centred... |
No author has any financial or proprietary interest in any material or method used in this study . One hundred and twenty patients (240 eyes), who were between the ages of 30 and 45 years (mean age = 37.3 sd 2.3 years) and were treated bilaterally with prk for myopia (mean = 4.5 sd 1.5 d) were enrolled in this prospect... |
Psoroptid mites of the genus caparinia affect hedgehogs and a few other mammals causing skin disease . The mite passes all stages on the host and feeds on sloughed skin cells and epidermal debris, similar to chorioptes species . Among 5 species of the genus caparinia that have previously been classified, 2 species are ... |
Chronic unreduced anterior dislocations of the shoulder are not very common . Neurological and vascular complications may occur as a result of an acute anterior dislocation of the shoulder or after a while in chronic unreduced shoulder dislocation . We report a case of neglected bilateral anterior shoulder dislocation ... |
All patients gave written informed consent for the provision of blood for the purpose of this research . The protocol under which these samples were obtained was approved by the ethics committee of the university of tbingen, germany . Patient characteristics white blood cell counts were determined by routine testing at... |
Microcystic adnexal carcinoma (mac) is a rare malignant cutaneous neoplasm with pilar and eccrine gland differentiation . Mac was first described as a separate clinical entity by goldstein et al in 1982 . It is locally aggressive but rarely metastasizes, usually presenting as a slow growing asymptomatic lesion on the h... |
Approximately 29 000 of those children are in sub - saharan africa where resources for pediatric cancer are very limited . The overall cure rate is 80% for children with cancer in high - income settings like the united states and europe . In low- and middle - income countries (lmics), where children are often diagnosed... |
Data on 1,276 cases of human stec infection reported in ontario from january 1996 to december 1998 were obtained from the reportable disease information system (rdis) of the ontario ministry of health and long term care . Infection with stec is notifiable in ontario, and more than 95% of reported cases are due to e. co... |
The causes are multifactorial, with extramedullary pulmonary hematopoiesis being described as a rare etiological factor (2). This occurs in conditions such as myeloproliferative disorders, hemoglobinopathies and marrow infiltrating diseases . In chronic myeloproliferative disorders, extramedullary hematopoiesis in the ... |
Antimicrobial agents are usually incorporated into hygiene products for the treatment and prevention of plaque and gingivitis . Dental caries is a public oral health problem and an infectious - contagious disease that implies an imbalance of normal molecular interactions between the tooth surface / subsurface and the a... |
Dendritic cells (dcs) are non - lymphoid antigen - presenting cells distributed widely throughout the body and are distinguishable from macrophages by their lack of both phagocytic activity and capacity to act as effectors cells . Morphologically, they present a complex of dendritic cytoplasmic projections, one or more... |
A 70-year - old female with oculocutaneous albinism, presented with proptosis of the right eye for 15 days and defective vision of both eyes since birth, which got worsened in the right eye for the past 15 days . Ophthalmological examination revealed visual acuity of hm and 20/400 in re and le, respectively . Eccentric... |
Retinal injuries due to military and industrial lasers occur in less than 15 individuals yearly, world wide, despite the increasing use of lasers in the health care, military, and educational sectors, and in commercial laboratories.1 in the military, lasers are used as range finders, target designators and for long dis... |
We are also grateful to darby proctor for useful comments on a previous version of the manuscript . The present study was approved by the ethics committee of azabu university (japan) (no . 1303042). This research was supported by the jsps research fellowships for foreign researchers (no . P10311) and the mext grant - i... |
Recent evidence has shown that fat accumulation, especially in the abdominal cavity, causes dysregulation of adipokines, including increase in leptin, tumor necrosis factor- (tnf-), interleukin-6, and monocyte chemotactic protein-1, and decrease in adiponectin, leading to the development of various metabolic disorders ... |
The diagnosis of alzheimer's disease (ad) is currently based primarily on clinical symptoms . Whereas the sensitivity of the clinical diagnosis for possible and probable alzheimer dementia according to national institute of neurological and communicative disorders and stroke and the alzheimer's disease and related diso... |
In bacteria, the number of characterized small, noncoding rnas (srnas) that have intrinsic functions as regulators has steadily increased in recent years . Many srnas act by posttranscriptionally regulating mrnas via basepairing interactions (1). In escherichia coli, all of the srnas that act by basepairing affect eith... |
The prevalence of aggression is 8 - 20% in three- to six - year - old children . Biological and genetic factors, environmental learning, cognitive processing and personal stimuli or motives are some important causes of aggression . Treatment of aggressive behavior at an early age is very important, as aggression in ear... |
In october 2003, a man with a history of noninjection multiple - drug abuse (including methamphetamine) was admitted to a detention center (regional jail). His pre - incarceration history included unprotected sex with men in the community, most recently in april 2003; however, results of multiple serologic assays for h... |
A 51-year - old pakistani man presented to the emergency department with a painfully swollen right lower limb . His medical history revealed insulin - dependent diabetes mellitus and a recent hospitalization in pakistan with a crush trauma of the right foot . Apparently the patient had left the hospital without specifi... |
Staphylococcus aureus is part of the microbiome of roughly 30% of people who show no clinical symptoms . It is an opportunistic human pathogen that can cause a wide variety of diseases and can involve any organ system in the human body . Diseases caused by s. aureus may include mild skin infections such as folliculitis... |
Methadone (mtd), as a synthetic opioid with long elimination half - life, is the preferred drug for the treatment of opioid dependence and control of pain in iran . This drug is available in oral liquid formulation and tablets, has analgesic effects, and can be used in the management of severe chronic pain . Patients w... |
Laparoscopic cholecystectomy with three or four ports is the standard operation for gallbladder diseases worldwide . The established use of 5 or 10 mm instruments and ports leads to small skin incisions in the upper abdominal wall . However, these scars are still visible and might be a potential risk factor for incisio... |
Enterohemorrhagic escherichia (e.) coli strains are a subset of the shiga toxin - producing e. coli (stec) that cause diseases in humans and pose a threat to public health worldwide . Many environmental and food sources have caused e. coli o157 or e. coli o157:h7 infections, but they are primarily attributed to consump... |
Benign colorectal strictures can develop after diverticulitis, ischemic colitis, radiation colitis, or colonic resection . Recently, colorectal endoscopic submucosal dissection has become another possible culprit for the development of this benign stricture, which usually occurs after resection of a lateral spreading t... |
Though fetal endocardial fibroelastosis (efe) has been reported in the past three decades, the classical echocardiographic features of efe following maternal organophosphorus ingestion at 20 weeks of gestation is reported for the first time in the literature . These signs completely regressed within a period or 14 week... |
The majority of tooth extraction procedures are performed using a handpiece accompanied by a thin bur to remove both the tooth and the bone . Several articles have reported on the risk of percutaneous injuries to the surgeon caused by the bur, and injuries to the hand are the most commonly reported123 . In many cases, ... |
The developmental origin of coronary hearth diseases proposes that undernutrition in utero permanently changes body functions and metabolism leading to an increased risk of coronary artery diseases (cad) in adult life 1 . The association between low birth weight (bw) and risk factors for cad, hypertension and type 2 di... |
For millions of years, daily salt (sodium chloride) intake in man was about 1 g . Then recently, about 10,000 years ago, salt intake increased by about ten - fold because of the practice of using salt as a food preservative . It allowed former nomads to settle, grow grain and preserve foodstuffs over long periods . Ove... |
It is freely available to any one who allows adequate exposure of skin to the ultraviolet radiation present in the sunrays . However, vitamin d deficiency is not uncommon even in the sunny land of india . The clinical syndrome vitamin d deficiency consists of osteomalacia in adults and rickets in children . Other manif... |
Chronic lung disease (cld) is still one of the major causes of morbidity and mortality in very low birth weight infants (vlbwi). From the early 1980s, dexamethasone has been administered to ventilator - dependent infants with cld, as several reports that dexamethasone improves the lung function and enables earlier extu... |
Acute lung injury (ali) and the acute respiratory distress syndrome (ards) represent a spectrum of diseases characterized by the rapid onset of pulmonary infiltrates and progressive hypoxemia in the absence of significant left ventricular dysfunction . Within the early phases of ali, the role of mechanical ventilation ... |
A 68-year - old male presented complaining of sudden and profound loss of central vision in his left eye following blunt eye trauma . He reported seeing a large, dense, central scotoma that began fading 1 h after the injury . He was emmetropic, phakic, and had no significant ophthalmic history . On examination, 24-h po... |
Personal identification is the act of establishing the identity of a personby linking him / her to the stream of data in the information systems . It beholds a major portion in forensics and usually relies on the comparison of the known features to the unknown specimen . Identification of an individual is vital for the... |
For drugs that operate in a narrow therapeutic range, it can be desirable or even necessary to use pharmacodynamic measures to adjust the dose to achieve an appropriate level of response . For example, anticoagulants such as warfarin act by reducing the ability of the blood to form clots . Thus, pharmacodynamic measure... |
Development of atherosclerosis and at the same time the peripheral arterial disease of lower limbs is multi gradual process resulting as a response on various forms of damages of endothelium (1). Persons with peripheral arterial disease (pad) are at increased risk for all - cause mortality, cardiovascular mortality, an... |
Fat embolism and fat embolism syndrome (fes) are rare but life threatening complications associated with fracture and surgical manipulation of skeletal elements . None of the proposed diagnostic criteria have good diagnostic value as fes may present atypically such as, diffuse alveolar haemorrhage . A 25-year - old man... |
Primary mesenchymal tumors of the intestinal tract are a heterogeneous group of tumors with a wide clinical spectrum ranging from benign incidentally detected nodules to frank malignant tumors . Traditionally the majority of these tumors were thought to be derived from smooth muscle cells . It has now been realized tha... |
Participants were autoantibody - positive relatives of t1d patients from the dpt-1 (n = 670) and tnnhs (n = 991) cohorts . Dpt-1 participants were all islet cell autoantibody (ica) positive, whereas tnnhs participants were all positive for gada, ia-2a, miaa, and/or ica . Both studies were approved by institutional revi... |
A 3.09 kg, 33-day - old boy with pierre robin syndrome was admitted to our hospital for a glossopexy . The patient was born at 39 weeks by c - section and was diagnosed with the syndrome during pregnancy . After birth, the patient showed a micrognathia, retrognathia, and a large tongue . The patient also showed moderat... |
Frontalis sling surgery is the treatment option for myopathic blepharoptosis with poor levator muscle action . Nontuberculous mycobacterial infections in the periocular region are rare and are usually caused by organisms belonging to runyon group iv including mycobacterium chelonae and mycobacterium fortuitum . Chang e... |
A 52-year - old woman with granulocytic sarcoma affecting the anterior cranial fossa and frontal sinus was commenced on ade (cytarabine, daunorubicin and etoposide) and mylotarg (gemtuzumab) through a peripherally inserted central catheter (picc) line as part of the aml 17 trial (http://aml17.cardiff.ac.uk/aml17/defaul... |
Utilizing wearable technology to obtain body metrics is a trending phenomenon (3, 5). The ease of obtaining individual measures makes wearable technology an attractive option, however, there is very little literature supporting the notion that these apparatuses can be used for field research . Hexoskin wearable technol... |
Extraskeletal soft tissue chondroma is a very rare, slow - progressing, benign tumour . Chondromas are tumour - like masses formed by proliferation of chondrocytes in a mature hyaline matrix . A 22-year - male came with chief complaints of asymptomatic swelling on the palate since birth . He had symptoms of cleft palat... |
Fragile x related genes are members of a small gene family whose founding member is the fragile x mental retardation 1 gene (fmr1). Inactivation of fmr1 causes fragile x syndrome, the most common cause of inherited mental retardation (1,2). The other members of this family, fxr1 and fxr2, are autosomal and have not bee... |
Breast oncologic surgery is now widely focussed in conservative treatment with tissue sparing in order to obtain satisfying cosmetic results besides an adequate surgical resection [13]. Obviously, resection borders are becoming considerably closer to the neoplastic lesions; hence, tumor - free margins are hardly achiev... |
Over the last few decades, a dramatic worldwide increase in infection rates by multidrug - resistant (mdr) pathogens has occurred, which is acknowledged as a public health crisis . Management of infections caused by these pathogens is often difficult due to the scarcity of available active drugs . The last report of th... |
A 36 year old, para 2 female with a history of chronic right adnexal pain was admitted for a laparoscopic right salpingo - oophorectomy . The patient experienced worsening right ovarian pain which did not improve despite nonsteroidal anti - inflammatory medications . An ultrasound revealed a 4 cm complex ovarian mass w... |
Primary malignant tumors of the spine are rare.123 the treatment of metastatic spinal tumors has evolved significantly with greater understanding of molecular biology of the tumors and advances made in the diagnostic and therapeutic modalities.456 high grade metastatic spinal tumors are invasive and without timely trea... |
Asthma severity and asthma control are often based on the presence and frequency of asthma symptoms, in particular respiratory symptoms such as exercise - induced asthma, limitation of physical activity, and frequency of night asthma symptoms . The revised version of the gina guidelines from 2006 recommends that diseas... |
Folic acid has emerged as a promising ligand for the selective delivery of imaging and therapeutic agents to target cells, such as cancer cells and activated macrophages, in inflammatory sites (1). As a selective targeting ligand, folic acid has several advantages such as 1) high affinity to its target, folate receptor... |
Fulvestrant (faslodex; astrazeneca) is a novel steroidal estrogen receptor (er) antagonist lacking agonist effects . By covalent binding to the er, receptors are rapidly downregulated, resulting in a decrease of cellular er levels and complete abrogation of estrogen - sensitive gene transcription . The efficacy of fulv... |
The lateral process of the talus is prone to fracture either as an isolated event or in conjunction with other ankle or talar injuries . Lateral process of the talus fractures are typically caused by axial loading with elements of dorsiflexion and eversion or inversion, and have been identified to have a high prevalenc... |
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