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The recent development of whole slide imaging (wsi) is rapidly making many advances in pathology and enabling the creation of novel tools and applications for the pathology community, including virtual microscopy, and computer - aided quantification and diagnosis . In contrast to conventional light microscopy that allo... |
Among the entities that cause dilated cardiomyopathy in children are dystrophinopathies, including duchenne muscular dystrophy (dmd), becker muscular dystrophy (bmd), and x - linked dilated cardiomyopathy, allelic conditions caused by defects in dystrophin (1). Dystrophin is an important cytoskeletal protein encoded by... |
The prevalence of glaucoma, a leading cause of vision loss, increases with age . The number of people with glaucoma in australia is predicted to increase from 208,000 in 2005 to 379,000 in 2025 . The most common form of medical management of glaucoma is the use of topical eye drops that reduce intraocular pressure . -a... |
Thymoglobulin, rabbit anti - human thymocyte immunoglobulin (atg), is an immunosuppressive drug used as an anti - rejection therapy in solid organ transplantation and in hematological diseases . An association between atg and acute lung injury was first described in an experimental model in 1975 . Since then, few cases... |
In dental literature, cases of transmigrated mandibular canines are uncommon phenomenon.119 however some of them are far more extraordinary than others . Although transmigration of a tooth is out of the common, migration generally to apexes of molars is more uncommon event when compared with teeth which generally migra... |
During august 2010december 2012, we recruited all patients who had clinically suspected m. ulcerans infection and had attended a clinic in the buruli ulcer endemic asante akim north district in ghana . Age- and sex - matched household contacts of patients were also asked to participate; all study participants were> 5 y... |
Despite ongoing advances in organ preservation and immunosuppression therapy, chronic liver allograft dysfunction (clad) remains the most common cause of patient morbidity and allograft loss in liver transplant patients . Liver allograft biopsy studies have shown that 37% of recipients who survive longer than 5 years p... |
Between november 2001 and july 2008, nineteen patients (twenty feet) underwent modified weil osteotomy for freiberg's disease . We included patients who complained of persistent pain in spite of more than 6 months of conservative treatment at any stage according to smillie's classification system . Diagnosis was based ... |
We encountered a case where an infection with group a streptococcus (gas; ie, streptococcus pyogenes) initially caused primary peritonitis and then subsequently caused streptococcal toxic shock syndrome . The patient s life was likely saved by an emergency laparotomy followed by extensive peritoneal lavage and drainage... |
Around the time of independence, the metaphor of madness is best exemplified by pandit jawaharlal nehru, who, in his address to the nation on january 31, 1948, the morning after the assassination of mahatma gandhi, said, a madman has put an end to his life, for i can only call him mad who did it . Events between 1857 a... |
Adenoidal hypertrophy is a common condition in children and can cause symptoms such as mouth breathing, nasal discharge, snoring, sleep apnea, and hyponasal speech it also contributes to the pathogenesis of rhinosinusitis, recurrent otitis media, and otitis media with effusion . Adenoid curette guided by an indirect tr... |
B lymphocytes produce immunoglobulins consisting of a heavy chain and either a kappa (igkc) or a lambda (iglc) light chain . Each b lymphocyte decides early by the rearrangement of its immunoglobulin genes which light chain to produce . The excluded light chain gene is not properly rearranged or remains in germ line co... |
Angiomyxomas are benign, locally infiltrative mesenchymal neoplasms with a predilection for the female pelvis and perineum in their reproductive age group . These tumours often reach too large dimensions before becoming clinically symptomatic and they usually tend to recur after excision . Accurate preoperative diagnos... |
Although recent advances in the medical and surgical treatment of spinal lesions have led to better outcomes, adhesive arachnoiditis is still one of the most serious conditions . Adhesive arachnoiditis may result in the formation of syringomyelia or myelomalacia, causing neurological deterioration such as sensory distu... |
Type 2 diabetes mellitus (t2 dm) is a progressive disease, meaning that most patients will require the introduction of insulin into their treatment regimen at some point during the continuum of care 1 . To facilitate the transition to insulin, numerous clinical and real - world studies have investigated the efficacy an... |
Ocular parasitosis in human is more prevalent in geographical areas where environmental factors and poor sanitary conditions favor the parasitism between man and animals . In recent years, population shift and rapid transport have facilitated the spread of certain parasitic diseases from endemic to nonendemic areas . T... |
The majority of known genetic causes of craniosynostosis are mutations in the genes encoding fibroblast growth factor receptor types 1 - 3 (fgfr 1, 2 and 3); other significant genes are twist1 and efnb1 . A major breakthrough in understanding the genetic background of craniosynostosis has been the identification of gen... |
Research in the last decades has shown that the more involved patients have better health outcomes, due to their increased treatment adherence and awareness to preventive tests . In addition, the availability of information has changed patients' expectations regarding the extent to which they should be involved in deci... |
Upon reviewing the literature, it was found that nasopharyngeal angiofibroma and meningo - ophthalmic artery (m - oa) anomaly are relatively rare phenomena . In denmark, the incidence of nasopharyngeal angiofibroma is reported to be 3.7 per million males per year . Tumor extirpation is the mainstay treatment, but the r... |
There was no overlap of individuals between the three studies, thus allowing independent confirmation of findings . On the basis of the danish central person registration number, the copenhagen city heart study (cchs, n = 9,121; recruited 19911994) (5) and the copenhagen general population study (cgps, n = 24,195; recr... |
To investigate the immunologic events underlying the evolution of a chronic colitis we analyzed the chronic tnbs- colitis occurring in balb / c mice administered weekly doses of intra - rectal trinitrobenzene sulfonic acid (tnbs) (6, 7). Mice treated in this way initially develop intense colitis associated with severe ... |
Integral membrane proteins account for 2030% of fully sequenced proteomes (1). To date, two major structural architectures can be distinguished: the -helical and the -barrel membrane proteins . The former are located primarily in cell membranes of eukaryotic cells and bacterial inner membranes, while the latter are fou... |
The centers for disease control projects that more than half of hiv-1 infected individuals in the united states will be over the age 50 by the year 2015 . The increasing life expectancy of hiv-1 infected patients has resulted in an unexpected increase in aging - related co - morbidities, placing hiv - positive elders a... |
In the past two decades, there has been tremendous growth of intensive care medicine in india . However, there are scant data on the organizational aspects, case mix and practice patterns in indian intensive care units (icus). Most of the available information comes from either single - center studies or studies in spe... |
Porcelain - fused - to - metal crowns have been used as predictable materials since the 1960s, owing to their mechanical strength and low cost.12 however, porcelain veneer failure has been reported as the major cause for the replacement of metal - ceramic restorations.34 the fracture of veneering porcelain may result f... |
In developing countries, cervical cancer is the commonest malignancy among women, and india is no exception . In our hospital, it represents about 24% of the overall malignancies in females . Due to lack of adequate screening program combined with very low health consciousness and infrastructural deficiencies, majority... |
There are two clinically recognized distinct variants of vitiligo based on distribution of depigmented areas; generalized and localized (1,2). Generalized or bilateral symmetrical form of vitiligo is a disease that destroys skin and mucosal membranes melanocytes progressively, and in some cases could involve ears and e... |
Methods for ether synthesis are overwhelmingly based upon the attack of nucleophilic oxygen on electrophilic carbon . Our lab has been interested in expanding the scope of an umpoled strategy based upon reaction of carbanions with electrophilic oxygen . The reaction of dialkyl peroxides with carbanions, while long know... |
Malignant apocrine lesions of the breast include apocrine ductal carcinoma in situ (adcis) and invasive apocrine carcinoma (iac) (1). Iac is a distinctive and rare subtype of breast malignancy that consists of more than 90% of apocrine differentiation (1, 2). The incidence of iac is reported as less than 1% to 4% of fe... |
The human brain changes itself in response to different types of experience through the reorganisation of its neuronal connections . It is suggested that it involves firstly a short - term modulation in the strength of existing pathways and that, over time, with prolonged exposure, such modulation might be followed by ... |
The golgi complex serves as the central station in the biosynthetic pathway, where proteins are sorted for their different destinations, such as various domains of the cell surface and the endosomal lysosomal system . This delivery of cargo proteins from the golgi complex to their target compartments is carried out by ... |
Although advances in percutaneous coronary intervention (pci) have dramatically improved the outcomes of ischemic heart disease, procedure - related complications such as device fractures or dislodgements are also increased . Guidewire fractures are very rare with an incidence of approximately from 0.1% to 0.2% of case... |
Diabetic nephropathy (dn) represents an important cause of chronic kidney disease (ckd) that frequently leads to end stage renal disease (esrd). Diabetes mellitus (dm) is a frequent disease and dn is one of its main complications . It is appreciated that up to 40% of the patients with type i and type ii dm present dn .... |
A traditional individual - based ethics would say that one should not exaggerate but this cannot capture the whole story of ambivalence in promising technology . A technology such as nanotechnology needs promises, including some exaggeration, to persuade target audiences . Thus, actors have to participate in the strate... |
Toxicological risk assessment has historically relied on the use of animal models which, though fundamental in the life sciences, are also linked with shortcomings such as inconsistent translatability to humans and high cost . Furthermore, there has been an increasing effort to find alternatives to animal testing in th... |
Regular exercise offers protection against and may be useful as a treatment for a wide variety of chronic diseases associated with low - grade inflammation [13]. Indeed, exercise triggers important adaptations in the inflammatory system, which vary depending on the type and duration of the exercise intervention . Altho... |
Systemic lupus erythematosus (sle) is a chronic systemic autoimmune disease with considerable heterogeneity in clinical manifestations and disease course . The etiology of sle remains unknown, but evidence suggests that sle results from the interaction of genetic and environmental factors that ultimately promote an abn... |
Peripartum depression is the most frequent form of maternal morbidity in pregnancy and affects 15%20% of mothers in the first year following delivery; 10% of fathers are also affected . Approximately 18% of women exhibit depressive symptoms antenatally . In 2013, the american psychiatric association amended the nomencl... |
The first report of vaginal evisceration was described by hyernaux in 1864, as disruption of the anterior wall of the proximal vagina, resulting in prolapse of the abdominal contents (1). Since then, there have been just over 120 reports in the literature, although in reality some cases may go unreported (1). Vaginal e... |
The new proposal for classification of focal cortical dysplasia (fcd) recognizes a particular type, iiid fcd, associated with an epileptogenic lesion acquired in early life (i.e., traumatic injury, ischemic injury or encephalitis). Fcd group associated with certain other epileptogenic lesions (in particular, hippocampa... |
Surgery of the chin has been used for decades to achieve a balance of the lower third of the face . Horizontal osteotomy for chin augmentation is an old and established procedure while medpore has become popular in the recent years for facial skeletal augmentation . The present study has been undertaken to compare the ... |
In many countries particularly, small ruminants play a great role in the economy of the country, as sources of meat, milk, fiber, cash income, and skin and they can live in extreme climatic conditions, they can exploit herbage, which is unsuitable for large ruminants, and they require few labor - intensive inputs . Eth... |
Intrauterine adhesion (iua) is one of the important causes for infertility or recurrent pregnancy loss . In the past few years, iuas represented the significant clinical problem of women who mostly oppose infertility and there is no ideal therapy and thus it represents a major unmet medical need . Intrauterine adhesion... |
Morphologically, spores of microsporidia may be spherical, ovoid, rod - shaped, or crescent - shaped, although most are ovoid (2). These organisms are microscopically defined by the presence of a nucleated sporoplasm, a coiled polar tube and an anchoring disk . They lack several eukaryotic organelles such as mitochondr... |
The innate immune system provides a first line of defense against various microorganisms and is essential for the control of pathogenic infections . The adaptive immune system has evolved to provide a more versatile means of defense which prepares increased protection against subsequent reinfection with pathogen . Alth... |
The world health organization estimates the number of anemic people worldwide to be very high (2 billion) and that approximately 50% of all anemia can be attributed to iron deficiency . Currently, the global prevalence of anemia is estimated to be 30.2% in nonpregnant women rising to 41.8% during pregnancy . Anemia pre... |
One of the most important roles of feet is weight - bearing, which requires stability and resilience for absorbing impact, and the medial longitudinal arch (mla) and transverse arch provide this stability and resilience1 . In particular, the mla is the primary structure absorbing the impact of the weight - bearing that... |
Alongside antithrombin and c1-esterase inhibitor, activated protein c (apc) represents an important coagulatory inhibitor in humans . The zymogen protein c is activated by the thrombin thrombomodulin complex to give apc, whose anticoagulatory activity is conferred primarily by its ability to inactivate factor va and vi... |
Temperature is undoubtably one of the most important parameters to know in various fields of science and technology, and in everyday life . Major contactless techniques include optical pyrometry, ir thermography, and phosphor thermometry . Among them, optical pyrometry is only suitable for measurements at high temperat... |
About 85% of lung cancers are non - small - cell lung cancers (nsclcs), with lung adenocarcinoma (ladc) and lung squamous cell carcinoma (lscc) as the major subtypes of nsclc.1, 2 although encouraging targeted therapies have dramatically afforded benefits to patients with ladc, few therapeutic targets have been validat... |
Quinine is an alkaloid toxin found in the bark of the south american cinchona (quina - quina) tree . Quinine and its derivative compounds have been used since the 1800s as a homeopathic remedy for analgesia and also as an effective treatment for malaria . Despite its proven efficacy as a schizonticidal agent against th... |
In many protocols used to administer gonadotropin, the bioactivity of luteinizing hormone (lh) has not been considered in terms of the effectiveness of follicle - stimulating hormone (fsh) alone in supporting follicular development . In clinical practice, researchers observed that many patients show hypo responsiveness... |
The hereditary ataxias are a clinically and genetically heterogeneous group of inherited neurodegenerative disorders with ataxia as the predominant symptom . The hereditary ataxias include the autosomal recessive ataxias, the dominantly inherited spinocerebellar ataxias (sca) and episodic ataxias (ea) and the x - linke... |
Pathogens have evolved ingenious strategies to circumvent the host immune response as part of the constant evolutionary process - taking place in all living organisms . Chief among these strategies is the prevention of the inflammatory response or seizure of the anti - inflammatory mechanism in place to protect tissue ... |
Sweet potatoes (ipomoea batatas) are ranked as the seventh most commonly consumed carbohydrate - rich food source in the world and one of the most important food crop in developing countries after rice, wheat, maize, and cassava . It is a high yielding economic crop with over 90% of global production cultivated in deve... |
Malaria, the parasitic disease of the red blood cell caused by plasmodium sp, kills more than one million children each year in africa alone (kwiatkowski, 2005). The strong selective pressure that malaria exerts has been shaping the human genome for at least 6,000 years (rich et al, 1998) and the disease is the driving... |
Pyogenic spinal infections encompass the spectrum of but are not limited to spondylitis, discitis, spondylodiscitis, and epidural abscess . The incidence of pyogenic spine infections is increasing due to a greater number of patients with immunosuppression and bacteremia . In our experience, pyogenic spine infections ar... |
In june and september 2006, persons living in 56 villages of the 14 districts of tokat and sivas provinces (figure 1) who had a risk for cchfv infection other than occupational risk (i.e., healthcare, slaughterhouse work, and veterinary care) were randomly selected for the study . Villages and districts were selected b... |
The effect of these agents apart from generation of desired activity must be assessed to understand the mechanism of action and side effects of the drug if any . Alzheimer is the most common cause of dementia; it is a primary degenerative disease of the brain . Onset is usually late in life with increasing impairment o... |
Earlier studies have reported that either caloric restriction or the inactivation of nutrient - dependent pathways is able to increase life extension in different eukaryotes . The extension of lifespan in various organisms is associated with increased resistance to oxidative stress (1). The findings of numerous studies... |
Bovine ubiquitin (8.56 kda, 76 amino acids [aa]) and cytochrome c (12.22 kda, 104 aa), and equine apo - myoglobin (16.95 kda, 153 aa) were purchased from sigma aldrich (poole, uk) and used without further purification . Methanol (fisher scientific, leicestershire, uk), water (j. t. baker, deventer, netherlands), and fo... |
There is an awareness for researchers of the need to share experimental data using the internet . Proteomics, which is the study of the entire protein complement expressed by a genome in a cell, holds a key position in the present biology (1). For the separation of such complex protein mixtures, 2-dimensional electroph... |
Nasal septal perforation (nsp) is a rare disorder characterized by composite loss of mucosa and bone or cartilage that compose the nasal septum . Septal surgery, trauma, inflammatory diseases, and use of topical nasal sprays have been implicated in the etiology of nsp (2, 3). Although most of the patients with nsp are ... |
Sonographic estimation of fetal weight (fw), especially in late pregnancy is an important guide in obstetric care . Armed with this information informed decisions about delivery can be taken, thereby minimizing perinatal morbidity and mortality . Amniotic fluid cushions the fetus from traumatic forces, cord compression... |
Members of the genus desulfosporosinus are often found in acidic mining environments,,,,,,,,, . These bacteria may participate in metal detoxification by precipitating them in the form of sulfides . Desulfosporosinus acidiphilus and desulfosporosinus acididurans, both isolated from mining environments, represent the on... |
A 22-year - old - male patient presented with a painless swelling over the left eye along with mechanical ptosis of the upper lid . The mass was located anterior to the orbital rim in the superolateral part of the orbit; with the posterior edge not palpable as it was within the orbit . Anterior segment evaluation, intr... |
Collapsing glomerulopathy (cg) was initially described in association with human immunodeficiency virus (hiv) infection and classified as a variant of focal and segmental glomerulosclerosis (fsgs). Recent studies have shown that cg is a distinct clinicopathologic entity with three variants: idiopathic, genetic and reac... |
The bacterial isolates were collected throughout finland during 19982007 as described (10). Of bionumerics version 5.1 software (applied maths, kortrijk, belgium) was used for sequence assembly . Allele numbers, sequence types (sts), and clonal complexes (ccs) were assigned by using the pubmlst database (5). A serum se... |
A retrospective western blot study was performed for all confirmed bse cases diagnosed in france after july 1, 2001, as previously described (13). Briefly, prpres was extracted using the tesee western blot confirmatory assay (bio - rad, marnes - la - coquette, france) according to the manufacturer s instructions . For ... |
Hallucinations that occur in more than one modality simultaneously and emanate from a single source are called multimodal hallucinations (mmhs). We report mmh in two patients of treatment - resistant schizophrenia and its successful management with clozapine . A 50-year - old male with a diagnosis of treatment - resist... |
The potential links of coffee consumption to various health conditions including cancer have been studied extensively . While most early studies were concerned that coffee consumption was carcinogenic and would lead to higher rates of cancers, subsequent efforts to control for other factors and comprehensive review stu... |
Globally, the disciplines of medicine and dentistry use indices of health widely and these have been developed for many different purposes . Uses include the classification of conditions to aid the understanding of aetiology, risk, prognosis and treatment outcome (sharabiani et al ., 2012). They can also be used to det... |
This results in rapidly progressive and abnormal structural changes in the eye that can causes blindness from retinal detachment, macular folds, refractive amblyopia, or strabismic amblyopia.1 in 1987, a joint statement by the american academy of pediatrics, american academy of ophthalmology, and american association f... |
Gastrointestinal stromal tumours (gists) are rare tumours of the gi tract, making up 0.21% of gastrointestinal malignancies . First identified by mazur and clark in 1983, these mesenchymal tumours can occur anywhere along the gastrointestinal tract [1, 3]. Relative rarity combined with non - specific presentation resul... |
The shoulder joint is a joint that relies on interactions and balance among multiple joints1, 2 . The shoulder joint relies more on muscles than on bones or ligaments to support the shoulder and maintain the stability of the shoulder3 . Stabilization relates to the human ability to consciously or subconsciously control... |
However, there is substantial variation in gastric cancer incidence with the highest rates reported from korea, japan and eastern europe, whereas western europe and the us have low incidence rates . The global burden of gastric cancer is shifting rapidly from the developed world to the developing world . Recent evidenc... |
Although lee had evinced curiosity about the natural world and a desire to understand it as a child, he did not focus in high school on building a strong precollege rsum (hartwell, 2002b) and so began his further education at glendale junior college . However, his academic interests had been awakened by then, and his a... |
Raised blood pressure (bp) is common after acute stroke, whether of ischaemic or haemorrhagic type . It exists in more than three quarters of patients, of which about half have a history of hypertension, and it declines spontaneously in two - thirds of cases returning to prestroke levels over the first week . Its decre... |
Cardiovascular diseases (cvd) are the leading cause of death not only in the united states (us) but worldwide. [1 - 7] although cvd mortality has declined consistently and substantially over time, nearly 800,000 deaths still occur annually, accounting for 31% of all deaths in the us. [1 - 5] globally, 17.3 million cvd ... |
The geographic distribution of very low fertility among the countries of the world, especially within europe, remains a puzzle . Rapidly falling fertility in these western countries, many scholars argued, could be explained by the massive entry of women into the extra - domestic labor force . Others, doubting that a pu... |
Metastasis to the spleen is infrequent but varies greatly from series to series (1.6 to 30%), depending on the thoroughness of examination and selection of cases . The most common primaries are lung cancer, cutaneous malignant melanoma, and breast cancer . Splenic metastasis generally indicates late dissemination of di... |
It is a common practice in south east asia to consume alternative medicine which may include toxic metals or animal products for various health reasons . Herein we report a case of anuric acute renal failure with dyspnea and hemoptysis following volitional consumption of rohu fish (labeo rohita) gall bladder . Forty tw... |
, we will provide an update on clinical features, pathogenesis, and treatment options . Clinically nc is characterized by closely arranged, dilated follicular openings with keratinous plugs resembling classical comedones . It is a rare type of an epidermal nevus usually with predilection for the face and neck area . Co... |
Several types of studies have suggested that infectious agents may play a role in atherosclerosis and coronary heart disease (chd). Atherosclerosis in chickens is exacerbated by infection with marek's disease virus, a member of the herpes virus family 12, and numerous studies have suggested an association of viral path... |
Uterine fibroids are the most common uterine neoplasm of uterus and the female pelvis and the most common indication for hysterectomy as well . When the tumor fills the whole pelvis or is pedunculated, there is always an uncertainty regarding the uterine or ovarian origin of the tumor . A cervical fibroid especially wi... |
Acute lung injury (ali) is a devastating syndrome and an important cause of mortality in critically ill patients . The syndrome is characterized by hypoxemia and respiratory failure due to exudation to alveolar spaces which impairs gas exchange . The risk factors for developing this syndrome include pneumonia, gastric ... |
Gonorrhea continues to be a public health problem with the emergence of multidrug resistant strains . Accurate diagnosis with effective treatment to prevent further transmission is one of the essential elements for control of gonococcal infections . Treatment strategies should be devised to utilize appropriate and pref... |
Work done in numerous laboratories has demonstrated that stem cell administration is able to reduce the loss of function in the heart after myocardial infarction . We have demonstrated that intravenous injection of bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells (msc) into mice one hour after coronary artery occlusion is able to at... |
Multiple randomized studies have demonstrated equivalent survival outcomes with mastectomy versus breast conservation therapy (bct, breast conservation surgery (bcs), and adjuvant radiation therapy) in the treatment of early stage breast cancer [1, 2]. In addition, the oxford meta - analysis convincingly demonstrated n... |
Surveys on infection by schistosoma mansoni that have been conducted in minas gerais since the 1970 decade have aimed to follow up the natural history of schistosomiasis with emphasis on (1) the pathogenicity of the etiological agent and its experimental behavior, (2) the host's characteristics and the influence of rac... |
The genetic composition of a natural population is always changing because mutations inevitably arise and rise or fall in frequency due to selection or drift (i.e. Stochasticity in finite populations). Genetic changes continue during invasions, when a population is entering and becoming established in new territory . E... |
Lipomas are the most common benign mesenchymal tumors of the gastrointestinal tract, with the colon being the most prevalent site . Tumors> 2 cm in diameter may occasionally cause nonspecific symptoms, including change in bowel habits, abdominal pain, or rectal bleeding, but with resection the prognosis is excellent . ... |
Suprapubic cystostomies are performed for a variety of indications that require either temporary or permanent placement of suprapubic catheters . The placement of percutaneous suprapubic catheters using a punch trocar technique involves some risks and should not be considered an innocuous procedure . Among the wide var... |
The study participants from the usa are members of a colorectal cancer prognosis study (colocare), with sites at the fred hutchinson cancer research center, seattle (wa, usa), h. lee moffitt cancer center and research institute, tampa (fl, usa), and the national center for tumor diseases, german cancer research center,... |
Corneal collagen cross - linking (cxl) with riboflavin and ultraviolet - a (uv - a) is currently the only treatment that can halt or delay the progression of keratoconus . In this technique, the combined action of riboflavin and uv - a rays is utilized to increase the corneal strength and integrity by polymerization of... |
The influence of culture on the development of eating disorders such as anorexia nervosa (an) and bulimia nervosa (bn) has been long appreciated . These syndromes are more prevalent in industrialized, and often western cultures and are far more common among females than males, mirroring cross - cultural differences in ... |
Preterm birth is due to several causes, among which a preexisting occasionally asymptomatic intrauterine infection relatively early in pregnancy should be considered [13]. Thus, amniotic fluid microbial invasion [1, 2, 4, 5] and/or elevated levels of proinflammatory cytokines, chemokines, or other implicated molecules ... |
The prevalence of diabetes mellitus and suboptimal achievement of glycaemic control is increasing in asian populations.1, 2, 3 evidence shows that there may be differences in the pathophysiology of type 2 diabetes across ethnic subgroups, with asian vs nonasian patients exhibiting a propensity for lower body mass index... |
In 1939, sigurjonsson reported that the thyroid gland in the icelandic population appeared to be very small compared to the commonly accepted normal size in other countries (11). The first study on nutrition and diet of icelanders showed that fish as well as dairy products were the main iodine sources (12). The high co... |
Acute dorsolateral striatum slices were prepared from p58p87 hemizygous bacterial artificial chromosome (bac) d2 dopamine receptor - egfp (d2-egfp) or d1 dopamine receptor - tdtomato (d1-tdtomato) mice, males and females in the c57bl/6 background . In accordance with northwestern university animal studies committee, mi... |
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