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Many of the host responses to sepsis are similar to those seen after major injury, with increased energy expenditure (ee), enhanced protein catabolism [1 - 3], increased use of lipids as oxidative fuel, and impaired glucose metabolism . Septic patients are insulin resistant; they have increased hepatic glucose producti... |
Extraesophageal reflux (eer) is the backflow of stomach contents into the larynx, pharynx, or oral cavity . This type of reflux has been implicated in complaints such as hoarseness, chronic cough or throat clearing, a lump in the throat sensation, and difficulty swallowing as well as laryngeal findings of contact ulcer... |
It describes the patient s self - perception of his or her current oral health status and its impact on his or her quality of life (1). Questionnaires for assessing oral health - related quality of life were mostly developed in english speaking regions and therefore cannot be used in all countries . It is the reason wh... |
Japan established the universal health care system in 1961, and the population achieved relatively sophisticated and egalitarian health care at low medical expenditures.1,2 however, japan is facing a historical turning point with an increasing fiscal burden as well as a rapidly aging and decreasing population; the popu... |
Currently, aromatase inhibitors, leading to reduction of estradiol synthesis from testosterone, have been favoured in the treatment of breast cancer of postmenopausal women . Letrozole is one such oral nonsteroidal aromatase inhibitor which prevents the aromatase from producing estrogens by competitive, reversible bind... |
Live cell fluorescence microscopy offers a powerful way to examine tissues, cells, and subcellular components at functionally important time and length scales . The cloning of green - fluorescent protein from the jellyfish aequorea victoria and its expression in non - jellyfish systems empowered fluorescence microscopy... |
Antipsychotic drugs (apds) are effective treatments for several common psychiatric conditions, including schizophrenia and bipolar disorder . Some but not all apds are associated with weight gain and metabolic dysregulation, a concern because many individuals with psychotic disorders are already metabolically vulnerabl... |
Ankylosing spondylitis (as) is a chronic inflammatory disease of the axial skeleton, also associated with peripheral arthritis and cardiac, ocular, and gastrointestinal manifestations . Cardiovascular mortality has been found to be increased in rheumatic diseases, which is attributed to accelerated atherosclerosis [1, ... |
Among the parasitic infections, sparganosis is a relatively rare parasitic infection caused by the migrating plerocercoid (= sparganum) of spirometra erinacei . Sparganosis is found worldwide but the majority of cases occur in east asia, including korea . Human sparganosis was first reported in china by the discovery o... |
Typologies have been delineated for body structure (ectomorph, mesomorph, and endomorph), mental functioning (multiple intelligences), emotional response (levels of emotional reactivity or sensation- seeking), social relationships (level of need for attachment), and behavioral tendencies (level of stress reactivity). A... |
It is believed that in pathogenesis of pd there are several mechanisms involved, such as: oxidative stress, mitochondrial dysfunction, dna damage, protein aggregation, neuroinflammation, excitotoxicity, apoptosis and loss of trophic factors . The strategy of pd motor function treatment is simple and generally based on ... |
Since it is difficult for topical antifungal agents to penetrate the nail plate to the nail bed, the treatment period is long and the efficacy is normally poor . Although the efficacy of oral antifungals is good, its effectiveness is only 6070%, and its potential side effects, such as liver and kidney dysfunctions, res... |
Spindle cell lesions of head and neck include a diverse group of clinically and biologically heterogenous lesions ranging from benign - reactive entities to malignancies . In this array, spindle cell carcinoma (spcc) stands out as a rare malignant biphasic tumor comprising both epithelial and mesenchymal components, wh... |
Liraglutide is a once - daily glucagon - like peptide-1 (glp-1) analogue for the treatment of type 2 diabetes . Before fda approval, we initiated a prospective surveillance programme to evaluate potential adverse effects of liraglutide in the usa . Thyroid cancer is the primary endpoint; however, acute pancreatitis and... |
Some rearrangements are simple balanced translocations that result from a single fusion and preserve the proper complement of genetic information, although such translocations often disrupt regulation of the genes involved . Other rearrangements are complex, with multiple fusions at a single locus and do not maintain t... |
The demographic revolution that is sweeping across industrialized countries will dramatically increase the absolute number of older individuals over the next 40 years . Identifying patients most likely to benefit from critical care is essential, both to prevent suffering related to unnecessary treatments and to ensure ... |
-aminobutyric acid (gaba) is a major inhibitory neurotransmitter in the mammalian central nervous system . When gaba concentrations in the brain fall below a threshold level, convulsions occur . It has also been found that alzheimer s disease, huntington s chorea, parkinson s disease, and drug addiction are related to ... |
Most people think of tuberculosis as affecting only the lungs, but in reality it affects almost every part of the body . Pulmonary tuberculosis (tb) is most common type, accounting for about 70% of cases . Sometimes, pulmonary tb will spread, though this usually happens only in immune - suppressed patients and young ch... |
Conventional orthognathic surgery requires presurgical orthodontic treatment to achieve dental decompensation and establish stable surgical occlusion . However, presurgical orthodontic treatment has several disadvantages such as prolonged treatment time or worsening of function and facial profiles . Therefore, orthogna... |
The genus origanum l. (lamiaceae) is represented by 26 taxa in turkey, including 15 endemic species. [13] origanum hypericifolium schwartz and p.h . Davis are endemic species with limited distribution and included in the lower risk and conservation - dependent category in red data book of turkey . [figure 1] origanum h... |
In a previous issue of critical care, dankbaar and colleagues presented a systematic review of clinical studies of hyperdynamic therapy and its components on cerebral blood flow (cbf). Symptomatic cerebral vasospasm is defined as cerebral ischemia attributable to narrowing of intracranial arteries and loss of cerebral ... |
Pregnant women and their fetuses are at increased risk of complications of viral, bacterial, and parasitic infections . Maternal infection is associated with birth defects as well as adverse pregnancy outcomes, such as intrauterine growth restriction and preterm birth and developmental disabilities [24]. For example, c... |
Alzheimer's disease (ad) is the leading cause of dementia in developed countries . Thus, approximately 5% of all persons over age 70 have ad (late - onset ad, load); this proportion raises to 25%45% in oldest old (> 85 years) individuals . About 10% of ad patients develop symptoms before age 65, more often in their 40 ... |
Destabilization of the vascular endothelium as well as escape of fluid from the vascular bed is one of the main factors leading to vasodilatation, decrease in blood pressure, and the development of early complications of acute pancreatitis (ap), which clinically manifest themselves as shock and developing organ failure... |
Human serum albumin (hsa) is the most abundant plasma protein in the human body and plays an important role in drug transport and metabolism . Generally regarded as a nonspecific transport protein, additionally, the enzymatic activity of hsa on different substrates and drugs has also been studied and documented . Never... |
Myelin is a product of nervous system evolution . In some invertebrates such as cephalopods (squid, octopus), an increase in axonal diameter called axonal gigantism serves as a means to speed up action potentials (hartline and colman, 2007). The obvious disadvantage of this strategy, however, is that it takes up space ... |
Echinococcosis or hydatid disease (hd) is a parasitic disease infected by a cystic larval form of the cyclophyllidean tapeworm, echinococcus . Human is one of its intermediate hosts, which include sheep, cattle, goats, rodents, marsupials, and other herbivorous mammals . Four taxonomically relevant species of the genus... |
The presence of peritoneal metastases is often considered a terminal condition, not amenable to standard therapeutic management . However, cytoreductive surgery (crs) followed by hyperthermic intraperitoneal chemotherapy (hipec) offers a promising alternative when implemented on well - selected patients . Most regimens... |
The benign fatty tumor, the lipoma, is composed of adult fat cells that are subdivided into lobules by septae of fibrous connective tissue . It appears most frequently in the subcutis of adults and is histologically indistinguishable from normal adipose tissue . It has been shown that the fat of lipoma is not used for ... |
Ischemic mitral regurgitation (imr) is a result of stenosis or occlusion of one or more coronary arteries, which causes myocardial ischemia and hence mitral valve dysfunction . Imr, characterized by blood reflux into the left atrium during the systole, may lead to structural and functional changes, or remodeling, of th... |
All experiments were performed in compliance with the national institutes of health guide for the care and use of laboratory animals and the arvo statement for the use ofanimals in ophthalmic and vision research . The protocol was approved by the institutional animal care and use committee of the university of miami (m... |
Goal directed behavior requires the ability to recognize appropriate responses and to flexibly adjust behavior in response to an error . Even in the absence of explicit feedback, people demonstrate characteristic reactions following an error and often spontaneously correct their response (nieuwenhuis et al ., 2001; the... |
Single umbilical artery (sua) is characterized by the presence of one umbilical vein and the absence of one of the umbilical arteries instead of the normal umbilical cord containing one vein and two arteries (three - vessel cord), and is considered a malformation . Among all deliveries, sua is the most common anomaly o... |
Mixed neuronal - glial tumors, such as ganglioglioma, were first reported in 19307). Anaplastic ganglioglioma is a world health organization (who) grade iii neoplasm, which is defined as a tumor with well - differentiated ganglion cell elements and a histologically malignant glial component5). However, malignant glioma... |
Rhino - orbital - mucormycosis is an aggressive, angioinvasive fungal infection seen in immunocompromised hosts . The risk factors are poorly controlled diabetes mellitus, neutropenia, hematological malignancies, long - term deferroxamine therapy, intravenous drug abuse and cytotoxic therapy . Patients with diabetes co... |
Recently, the concept of monoclonal gammopathy of renal significance (mgrs) has emerged, including all renal diseases related to monoclonal gammopathy, and underlying the role of the b - cell clone in the pathogeny of this disease . Monoclonal immunoglobulin deposition disease (midd) is part of mgrs, and is a rare comp... |
Sickle - cell disease (scd) is prevalent in the eastern province of saudi arabia, and many patients are admitted to hospitals with painful vaso - occlusive crises . Some patients present with fever as part of their symptomatology . However, whether this fever is part of the crisis itself or a manifestation of infection... |
In recent years, it has become clear that elevated prolactin levels are often associated with hyperinsulinaemia, insulin resistance, atherogenic dyslipidaemia, subclinical atherosclerosis and endothelial dysfunction [16]. A quick - release form of bromocriptine was found to reduce plasma glucose levels, glycated haemog... |
Pulmonary sporotrichosis is a rare clinical entity caused by the thermally dimorphic fungus sporothrix schenckii . Pulmonary sporotrichosis is usually a disseminated infection secondary to cutaneous sporotrichosis acquired by traumatic inoculation . Primary pulmonary sporotrichosis, acquired by inhalation of conidia of... |
This article presents an overview of an innovative 12-month united states based faculty research fellowship that was designed to foster research skills within the context of an interprofessional collaborative research practice . The goal of the fellowship was to improve the scholarly productivity of clinical faculty se... |
In scientific terms, scents are mixtures of volatile compounds with a high vapor pressure and a molecular weight, which is usually <300 g mol (1). Human beings often associate scents with volatiles that can be perceived by the human nose and have a pleasant smell . But the entire group of volatile compounds comprises t... |
Human myiasis refers to the contamination and attack of dipterous larvae to human living tissues (2). One of the proper places for growth and reproduction of flies larvae is hay and straw barn during winter (3). Flies eggs are usually in less than 20 numbers in each group, but sometimes they are increased to 50 or 100 ... |
The mixed lineage leukemia (mll) protein is a mammalian homologue of drosophila trithorax, functioning as a transcriptional maintenance factor during morphogenesis 2 . In fact, mll normally regulates transcription initiation and elongation of a specific set of hox genes . The human mll gene on chromosome 11 is frequent... |
Osteoporosis is a metabolic skeletal disorder characterized as decreased bone strength and significantly increased risk of fracture . Particularly, spine and hip fractures are associated with poor outcomes, which usually require hospitalization and surgery . In addition, these fractures also significantly increase the ... |
Lipoprotein - associated phospholipase a2 (lp - pla2) is a calcium - independent enzyme that circulates in plasma in its constitutively active form [1, 2]. It is secreted by the inflammatory cells, including monocyte - derived macrophages, t cells and mast cells, and circulates primarily bound to low - density lipoprot... |
Osteoporosis is a severe disease that reduces both the quality and quantity of life . The disease is characterized as having decreased bone strength leading to increased fracture risk, and it is clinically diagnosed as having bone mineral density (bmd) 2.5 standard deviations below the adult peak mean . The disease inc... |
Diagnostic studies are clinical studies, designed to evaluate different diagnostic methods / approaches . Thus, they are subject to good clinical practice and guidelines from health authorities . Besides, due to additionally specific guidelines [fda, cpmp] the efficacy of a diagnostic approach needs to be proven by a b... |
The ever - aging american population is presenting to spinal surgeons increasingly with high expectations of continued quality of life well into the seventh, eighth, and ninth decades of life . However, while surgical treatment of asd is the only viable option for patients failing conservative measures, the surgical in... |
Nocardiosis is an rare, opportunistic bacterial infection caused by nocardia species that predominantly affects the respiratory tract of immunocompromised patients (1). The genus nocardia includes> 80 species, of which> 30 have been shown to cause disease in humans . Lung nocardiosis is the most common type of nocardio... |
Preterm neonate the classic high - risk neonate is one born before completion of week 37 of gestation [13]. Medical and technological developments over the last few decades have increased the survival rates of infants born as preterm . Yet many of the procedures that are a necessary part of their postnatal care can be,... |
Adults with type 2 diabetes are at increased risk for brain atrophy and cerebrovascular disease, which may lead to cognitive deficits, cognitive impairment, and dementia (1,2). Type 2 diabetes has a direct effect on brain health through impaired glucose and insulin transfer, brain insulin resistance, hypoglycemia, and ... |
Colonic diverticulosis of the sigmoid and descending part of the colon is common, but the right colon is rarely involved . Appendiceal diverticulosis was first described by kelynack in 1893 and is usually an incidental finding mostly without clinical symptoms . Sometimes, appendiceal diverticulosis can be associated wi... |
Primary aldosteronism (pa) is the most common cause of surgically curable secondary hypertension and affects more than 10% of the general hypertensive population . Stage 2 hypertension according to the seventh joint national committee (jnc 7) with or without symptomatic hypokalemia leads to a higher probability of pa d... |
Toxocariasis is the clinical term for infection in the human host by either toxocara canis or toxocara cati . Both of these organisms are ascarid nematodes in the order ascaridida, superfamily ascaridoidea, family toxocaridae . Visceral larva migrans (vlm) syndrome, a clinical manifestation of systemic toxocariasis, wa... |
Vitamin d deficiency has been documented across all age groups and both sexes from india and different parts of the world . However, there is paucity of data on vitamin d status in a particular cohort of population . Aim and objective: to assess the vitamin d status in a cohort of physicians and diabetologists in kolka... |
An invasive pest species of agricultural importance has wide economic impact because of decreased yield, and costs associated with implementing pest control strategies . In the last 10 years, the glassy - winged sharpshooter, homalodisca coagulata, has become established in california and represents one of the most cos... |
Citrus / cydonia is an anthroposophic medicine, which contains extracts of lemon (citrus limon (l.) burm ., the combination of preparations from citrus and cydonia has been prescribed as a subcutaneous injection or nasal spray for patients who suffer from seasonal allergic rhinitis (sar). Both in vitro [2, 3] and clini... |
Invertebrates mainly rely on their innate immune defenses to battle a variety of invading microbial pathogens . Among these molecules the antimicrobial peptides (amps) play an important role in the humoral innate immune mechanism of invertebrates . Amps have received increasing attention in recent years as their contri... |
Krukenberg was the first to describe a signet ring cell carcinoma of the ovary . Later on it was shown that these carcinomas were metastases from tumours of the gastrointestinal tract [2, 3]. In the past few years, there were reports of 13 cases of primary ovarian stromal tumours with signet ring cells . Most of these ... |
Osteoporosis, defined as an inappropriate decrease in bone mass, is a common disease affecting the majority of the populations with older age . It is featured as the gradual reduction in bone strength with advancing age, particularly in women after menopause . Age is the strongest factor in osteoporosis; however, the d... |
Contemporary restorative dentistry places a certain emphasis on adhesion and resin cements because of all - ceramic restorations becoming increasingly popular . Long - term survival of all - ceramic restorations depends on the success of a durable bonding between ceramic, adhesive cement and dentin . Adhesion can be de... |
An expanded description of materials and methods is given in the online appendix (available at http://care.diabetesjournals.org/cgi/content/full/dc09-1999/dc1). They were divided into 205 subjects with normal glucose tolerance (ngt), 40 with ifg, 43 igt, 32 with new - onset type 2 diabetes, 64 with 10 years long - last... |
The atherosclerosis risk in communities (aric) study is a community - based prospective cohort study of 15,792 middle - aged adults sampled from four u.s . Communities . The first clinic examinations (visit 1) took place during 19871989, with three follow - up visits approximately every 3 years (12). Visit 2 (19901992)... |
It is estimated that there are more than 350 million hbv carriers in the world . Hbv is the most common cause of chronic liver disease including liver cirrhosis and hepatocellular carcinoma . Recently, potent oral nucleos(t)ide analogues (na), including entecavir and tenofovir, have been widely used in the treatment of... |
The contact sites through which neurons pass electrical or chemical signals to other cells are termed synapses . Presynaptic sites are usually located on axons, while post - synaptic sites are found on dendrites, neuronal somata or non - neuronal targets that require innervation, including muscle and blood vessels . Be... |
Laparoscopic nissen fundoplication is an established operative procedure with a low morbidity and mortality for patients with symptomatic hiatus hernias . However, a rare but a serious life - threatening complication: para - oesophageal hernia, can occur following an uneventful operation . We describe a case here that ... |
Postnatal pruning then selectively removes redundant or anatomically inappropriate axon branches (kano and hashimoto, 2009, lichtman and colman, 2000). Such pruning comes in diverse manifestations that differ in morphology and extent, as well as in driving force, which in some cases are stereotypical molecular cues whi... |
Blue nevus is considered a benign lesion that only in rare cases may progress into melanoma . The term malignant blue nevus includes both a melanoma that arose within a common or a cellular blue nevus or a de novo melanoma simulating a blue nevus . A peculiar type of blue nevus is the so - called large plaque type blue... |
Exploring patterns of phenotypic variation during ontogeny and phylogeny is fundamental to gaining insights into the processes of evolutionary diversification, including the mechanisms of speciation . The connection between development, evolutionary history, ecology, and morphology has intrigued evolutionary biologists... |
Canalolithiasis involves most frequently the posterior semicircular canal (pc); lateral semicircular canal (lc) and, overall, the anterior semicircular canal (ac) are interested more rarely [47]. Paroxysmal positional nystagmus (ppny) has, in most cases, some paradigmatic features that leave no doubt about its clinical... |
R(+) limonene (lmn) is the major aromatic compound in essential oils obtained from oranges, grapefruits, and lemons . It is used as a flavouring agent in perfumes, creams, soaps, household cleaning products as well as in several foods such as fruit beverages and confectionary products (espina et al ., 2011). The additi... |
This excessive amount of cementum might lead to an abnormal thickness of the apex that becomes round - shaped and/or with the root appearance altered macroscopically6 . Grzesik, et al.8 studied the frequency of this phenomenon in 137 individuals and observed an average of 3.8 teeth with hypercementosis per individual a... |
Supplementary material is available for this article at 10.1007/s13659 - 011 - 0036 - 2 and is accessible for authorized users. |
To paraphrase bob dylan, the times, they are a - changin for the field of risk assessment . Risk assessors have been hearing a crescendo of calls seeking more holistic and systems - based approaches as well as greater transparency and stakeholder involvement, all with an eye toward supporting the near - term needs of r... |
Bread is one of the major contributors of human diet that playing an important role in the primary energy needs of iranian families, is considered as the most important source of energy, protein, minerals and vitamins [3 - 5]. Almost 60 - 65% of the protein and calories and near 2.3 g of minerals come from bread, which... |
Glucocorticoids are the stress hormones secreted from the adrenals after activation of the hypothal - amus - pituitary - adrenal (hpa) axis; that is, corticosterone in rats and mice, cortisol in humans . The effect on synaptic plasticity and memory formation is mediated by two types of nuclear receptors: mr (mineraloco... |
Grant: during the preparation of this work, support was received from the ministero italiano dell'universit della pubblica istruzione, 2014. |
To reduce the incidence of tuberculosis (tb) in south korea (hereafter korea) to that of developed countries, and to establish korea as a tb - free nation by 2025, the korea centers for disease control and prevention (kcdc) has suggested implementation of a tb - related program in 2017 . This program would include 340,... |
An increasingly sedentary lifestyle combined with rising consumption of caloric foods has transformed obesity into a global event . Obesity is a low - level, chronic inflammatory disease with a multifactorial etiology that includes eating habits, a sedentary lifestyle, and genetic predisposition that promotes the exces... |
Air travel, for business, family or vacation, is part of modern life in western societies . Lower costs, greater convenience of travel, and greater longevity mean that older, retired people now frequently wish to travel by air and many of these travellers will have chronic ailments, including chronic heart failure (chf... |
Prolonged imbalance of caloric intake and energy expenditure leads to complex metabolic disorder of obesity . It is associated with most common and chronic human diseases including type 2 diabetes, heart diseases, hypertension, and cancer . Angiogenesis, the formation of new blood vessels from preexisting ones, is tigh... |
Though occasionally reported, cardiac involvement is a rare phenotypic feature of facio - scapulo - humeral muscular dystrophy (fsh - md).1) cardiac involvement in fsh - md includes cardiomyopathy and arrhythmias.1) though various arrhythmias have been found in patients with fsh - md, pre - excitation - syndrome has no... |
Periodontitis is characterized by a pathological process triggered by the host response against pathogenic bacteria present in the dental biofilm . It is a chronic inflammatory disease that affects the periodontium resulting in tissue destruction and even in the loss of the dental organ . Cytokines such as interleukin-... |
Myopia is a significant public health problem worldwide and is especially prominent in east asian countries such as china and singapore [16]. The incidence of myopia tends to increase in adolescence and is the main cause of low vision among the population . The exact mechanism underlying development of myopia has not b... |
Primary hyperparathyroidism (phpt) syndrome is an endocrine disorder, characterized by excessive secretion of parathyroid hormone from one or more parathyroid glands . The elevation of pth usually leads to hypercalcemia and hypophosphatemia; patients may present with classic skeletal disease, recurrent nephrolithiasis,... |
Interim coverage of a prepared tooth during various stages of treatment is an important step in the construction of fixed dental prostheses . The provisional restoration is currently recognized to have a fundamental role in the determination of success or failure of permanent restorations . Marginal accuracy is of para... |
Although it is difficult to define a high altitude, it is generally accepted as being over 3,000 m above sea level where clinical, physiological, anatomical, and biochemical changes can be substantial1 . At high altitude, the human body experiences various physiological responses, such as an increase in breathing capac... |
A 75-year - old female presented with two nodules of 1.5 cm and 1.0 cm on the scalp in an area of previous excision . A year before the patient s physician had excised a mass without taking samples for histology (initial situation: figure 1 (fig . 1); preoperative state one year after first excision: figure 2 (fig . 3)... |
Cochrane database of systematic reviews, published by the cochrane library provides the gold standard evidence for intervention, diagnosis, etc ., the standard of systematic review is maintained by uniform criteria of the research question, selection of studies, and data analysis including interpretation . After publis... |
Varicella - zoster virus (vzv) is a human herpesvirus that causes chickenpox and herpes zoster . The most common neurologic complication of vzv reactivation is herpetic neuralgia, which is usually self - limited . However, vzv reactivation in immunocompromised patients can cause disseminated infections and severe neuro... |
A mouthguard is a protective appliance that effectively prevents the oromaxillofacial region from possible injuries during various physical activities.1,2 it has been shown that mouthguards absorb shocks to protect teeth and periodontal tissues, and also help prevent even more serious trauma, including maxillary fractu... |
Stroke is a dramatic medical problem: in fact when considered separatelyfrom other cardiovascular diseases, stroke is a third cause of death for females and fourth for male in the united states after heart disease and cancer . It was shown that the number of stroke events in europe would increase from 1.1 million per y... |
Medicinal plants are herbal preparations produced by subjecting plant materials to extraction, fractionation, purification, and other physical or biological processes, which may be produced for immediate consumption or as a basis of herbal drugs . The therapeutic properties of medicinal plants are conditioned by the pr... |
Malaria, a tropical parasitic disease, is one of the most important infectious diseases in the world . Estimated 3.3 billion of the total world population live in areas with malaria risk and an estimated death of 660,000 . Africa is the most affected continent, accounting for about 90% of all malaria deaths . This dise... |
Non - muscle - invasive bladder cancer (nmibc) generally has a good prognosis . Nevertheless, the recurrence rate is 3080% and the muscle - invasive disease develops within five years in 145% of the cases.1, 2 the goal of treatment is to eliminate the disease, prevent its recurrence, and improve the prognosis . One of ... |
Functional electrical stimulation (fes) is a technique that can be used to treat muscles paralyzed because of upper motor neuron lesions such as those observed in cerebral palsy (cp) and hemiplegia1 . Fes therapeutically provokes contraction of denervated muscles by means of electric stimulation to create functional mo... |
Retinal macrocysts may develop after long - standing retinal detachment . They are infrequent and most of them are generally asymptomatic, require no specific treatment and spontaneously resolve after retinal reattachment . We herein report the case of a patient with a retinal macrocyst that was followed clinically and... |
Despite constantly improved knowledge of the physiology of wound healing process, as well as the advances in surgical technique and application of modern technologies and materials in surgery, wound healing problem remains to be, and the immediate complications such as wound dehiscence continue to occur despite all the... |
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