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The use of erythropoiesis - stimulating agents (esas) and iron administration have enabled anemia control in hemodialysis patients without blood transfusions.13 however, hemoglobin (hb) values that are too high or too low can worsen the prognosis.48 the european renal best practice position statement recommends a targe...
The two main concerns for patients prior to total knee arthroplasty (tka) are pain and length of recovery.13 obtaining satisfactory results with standard parapatellar approach may require a long recovery period . The ultimate functional result may be good but still fall short of the patient's expectations for early ret...
In terms of new cases, lung cancer is one of the most common cancers worldwide [1, 2], and the most frequent type is non - small cell lung cancer (nsclc). Patients with early stage nsclc have long - term survival with surgical resection; however, the majority of patients present with advanced stage nsclc (iii or iv) ha...
He had been wearing soft contact lenses for six months, for approximately 10 hours per day . He had no medical history of ocular injury, surgery, or treatment with either ophthalmic or systemic medications . Visual acuity was 20 / 25 in the right eye and 20 / 20 in the left eye . Slit lamp examination revealed hyperemi...
High - dose - rate brachytherapy (hdr - bt), defined by morton et al . As a method of conformal dose escalation to the prostate, involves the placement of sealed sources of radiation in contact with a tumor using after - loading devices . Notably, dose escalation strategies, which allow the delivery of high radiation d...
Foodborne disease outbreaks (fbdo) are recognized by the illness of individuals usually within a short but variable period of time after a common meal.1 a national policy for reporting, notifying, and recording incidents of bacterial food poisoning in saudi arabia was established in 1984.23 since then, food poisoning o...
Brown adipose tissue (bat) functions as a thermogenic organ by producing heat to maintain body temperature in many mammals, especially in the young . This tissue has elevated cellular density, rich vascularization, innervations, and multilocular intracellular lipid droplets . Fluorodeoxyglucose (fdg) uptake in this hyp...
The purpose of this paper is to state the world federation of occupational therapists (wfot) position on the use of telehealth for the delivery of occupational therapy services . Telehealth is the use of information and communication technologies (ict) to deliver health - related services when the provider and client a...
Hba1c was measured in samples collected at aric visit 2 (19901992) and, therefore, this visit served as the baseline examination for the current study . Details regarding the study population and data collection in the aric study have been previously published (21). Among the 14,348 aric study participants who attended...
Pulmonary sequestration is a rare anomaly of the lung, which in fact is a non - functioning lung tissue that lacks any communication with tracheobronchial tree and receives all or most of its blood supply from the aberrant systemic vessels . It classifies into two major groups: intralobar (ils) versus extralobar (els) ...
In their work with patients, 79.9% of physical therapists are exposed to work - related musculoskeletal disorders (wmsds). Most pains occur in the shoulder, neck, spine, and the extremities . In particular, back pain is experienced by at least 82% of physical therapists1 . Besides work overload, wmsds can be also cause...
Punicaceae plant, punica granatum linn (pomegranate in english), is widely distributed in the middel eastern countries, including iran, extending throughout the mediterranean region (1). Some of its biological activities such as antitumour (2), antibacterial (3), antidiarrhoeal (4), antifungal (5), antiulcer (6) and an...
Traumatic subarachnoid hemorrhage (tsah) is a common finding following acute brain injury5). Often, cerebral angiography is not performed when tsah is diagnosed on brain computed tomography (ct) because of the low frequency of an identifiable source of arterial bleeding and relatively good outcomes in cases of isolated...
Erythropoiesis, the formation of red blood cells from multipotent stem cells in the bone marrow, is an exquisitely regulated process in which the glycoprotein hormone erythropoietin (epo), which is primarily produced in either adult kidney or fetal liver, plays a role as the major humoral regulator of red cell producti...
This single - center study included a retrospective review of the files on all subjects diagnosed with aed at the national eye clinic for the visually impaired in denmark from 19802014 . The study followed the tenets of the declaration of helsinki and informed written consent was obtained from all subjects or from the ...
Pleomorphic adenoma (benign mixed tumor) represents 45% to 74% of all salivary gland tumors and 65% of them occur in the parotid gland . Histologically, pleomorphic adenomas are characterized by the presence of both epithelial and mesenchymal elements, with marked morphological diversity . It is generally accepted that...
Relapsing polychondritis (rp) is an uncommon autoimmune inflammatory disease that may affect cartilage throughout the body . We report on a case of fever of unknown origin in which 18f - fluorodeoxyglucose positron emission tomography / computed tomography (18f - fdg pet / ct) was performed to make a diagnosis of rp . ...
Fetal intestinal volvulus is a very rare life - threatening condition, although prenatal diagnosis is difficult.1,2 we report herein a case of fetal intestinal volvulus without malrotation in which non - reassuring fetal status resulted from fetal anemia caused by hemorrhage from the small bowel, requiring resection of...
A disruption to the fluid exchange in the pleura leads to pleural effusion (pe). The formation of interstitial pleural fluid increases due to inflammation caused by pleural carcinosis.1 it seems that the parietal pleura is more important in terms of fluid exchange than the visceral pleura, due to the parietal pleura s ...
Traumatic intracranial hemorrhage (ich), a worldwide health problem, is a major cause of mortality in young adults, and it is associated with high rates of lifelong disabilities among survivors . In addition to disabilities, survivors of traumatic ich often experience neurocognitive deficits and psychological problems,...
Broad and responsible sharing of genomic data is fundamental to the mission of the national institutes of health (nih) genomic data sharing (gds) policy (https://gds.nih.gov/03policy2.html). The database of genotypes and phenotypes (dbgap) (1,2) was developed to archive and distribute the results of genotype - phenotyp...
Basal cell carcinoma (bcc) is the most common skin cancer and accounts for 8095% of all eyelid tumors . Prolonged exposure to sunlight seems to be an important predisposing factor, explaining why the tumor occurs more frequently on the lower eyelid . Bcc originates as a neoplastic transformation of the basal cells of t...
Showed significantly lower platelet aggregation in patients currently smoking 0.5 pack / day compared with patients of ns and currently smoking <0.5 pack / day (p<0.05). The study of bliden used the results of platelet aggregation in the setting of elective coronary stenting . However, acute myocardial infarction (ami)...
In 1991 a consensus of international experts was reached that defined the syndrome of severe sepsis as the presence of infection, a systemic inflammatory response, and acute organ dysfunction . An explosion in our understanding of the underlying pathophysiology led to a profusion of large multicenter trials of prospect...
More than 100 years ago, the danes v. ellerman and o. bang and the american p. rous passaged oncogenic variants of what is known today as the avian sarcoma - leukosis virus (aslv). The importance of retroviruses in biology and medicine has greatly increased over the past 50 years with two major milestones: first, in 19...
Pneumoconiosis is an occupational disease mainly caused by inhalation of microscopically respirable coal dust, crystalline silica particles, and other various dust particles . Clinically, pneumoconiosis is characterized by shortness of breath and chest x - ray patchy, subpleural or bibasilar interstitial infiltrates, o...
Vpa is a substrate for the mitochondrial beta - oxidation pathway due to its structural resemblance to simple fatty acid . Methylmalonic aciduria (mma) is a rare inborn error of metabolism caused due to the impaired isomerization of l - methylmalonyl - coa to succinyl - coa . It usually presents in the infantile age wi...
In young children, anterior teeth by virtue of their position in the dental arch are prone to trauma . In cases of complicated tooth fracture with the loss of pulp vitality, cessation of root development with an open apex is a serious sequel . Management of such immature, non - vital teeth is a challenge . Until date, ...
, bone repair depends mainly on the continuous removal of necrotic bone tissue and producing new bone tissue . Scavengers in bone tissue, which appear in the later stage of embryo development . They reconstruct and update primary cancellous bone and epiphyseal cartilage of the long bones . After birth, it updates the p...
According to the world health organization (who), 170 million people were affected by diabetes in the year 2002, and this number is likely to increase to 366 million by the year 2030.1 diabetes mellitus (dm) is a complex, progressive disease, which is accompanied by multiple complications . It has been recognized as th...
The study of ancestry or ethnicity in biological and clinical sciences continues to raise controversy . In may 2001 the new england journal of medicine (nejm) published a landmark study reporting that african - american heart failure patients with left ventricular dysfunction did not benefit from the popular angiotensi...
Over the past three decades thoracic oncologists have intensively debated the most appropriate treatment for patients with stage iiia (typically as pn2) non small cell lung cancer (nsclc). A range of combined modality approaches have been tested and tried for cure . Surgery has been employed [preceded by induction chem...
Exercise - induced free radicals and reactive oxygen spices (ros) generation are well documented, which may result in oxidative stress defined as a situation in which an increased level of ros generation overwhelms the physiological capacity of the antioxidant's system resulting in oxidative damage to lipids, proteins,...
Gesundes kinzigtal is one of the few population - based integrated care approaches in germany, organising care across all health service sectors and indications . The management company and its contracting partners (the physicians network in the region and two statutory health insurers) strive to reach a higher quality...
When readers read a text, they move their eyes from word to word through an alternating pattern of fixations (points at which the eyes are stationary and focused on a word) and saccades (points at which the eye are moving between words). Fixations following saccades that move the reader forward through a text are calle...
The clinical use of hiv protease inhibitors (pis) for the treatment of hiv infection has significantly improved survival of patients; so, pis have become a key component in the highly active antiretroviral therapy (haart). Meanwhile, hiv infection and treatment with haart have been associated with a high incidence of e...
In high school, i had no affinity for science but loved reading history and philosophy . As philosophy did not seem like a fit job for a nice jewish boy, i looked to what the other guys were doing, either premed or engineering . I hatched the concept that i could do the sort of thinking that one does in philosophy by b...
Ischemic stroke, a brain attack induced by the reduction of blood flow, is one of the leading causes of death and disability worldwide . Unfortunately, the mechanisms underlying stroke processing are less understood, and there are no effective treatments targeting it . Following stroke, a pathological neural plasticity...
In 1997, nozaki et al . (1) described subdiaphragmatic intrasellar meningiomas that originated from the sellar turcica; two of which only originated from the floor of the sellar turcica . Since then, only one case of intrasellar meningioma from the sellar floor has been reported in the english literature (2). The pitui...
The structure and organization of the spleen differ in many aspects from other secondary lymphoid organs such as lymph nodes, related to the complex function of the spleen as a filter of the blood as well as a lymphoid organ . The spleen is composed of compartmentalized lymphoid tissue, the white pulp, which resembles ...
Stem cells (scs) are indefinitely dividing cells that can give rise to more differentiated cell types . They replenish tissues that need cell replacement like blood, bone, gametes, epithelia, nervous system, muscle, and numerous other tissues by fresh cells throughout life (1). Terms that frequently have been used to d...
The genus lactobacillus is currently the focus of much scientific and commercial interest due to a myriad of health - promoting effects in the gastrointestinal tract (gi) [1, 2]. In recent years, various lactobacilli strains have proven to lower total or low - density lipoprotein cholesterol (ldl - c) in humans [3, 4] ...
Replacement with synthetic levothyroxine (lt4) is the mainstay of therapy [1, 2]. Combination therapy with levothyroxine and liothyronine (triiodothyronine or t3) has been suggested as an alternative; however the present evidence from clinical trials does not show any benefit for the combination therapy compared with m...
It depends on a number of factors: support from friends and relatives, ability to work and interest in one's occupations, accommodation appropriate to expectations and, of course, health and disabilities whether congenital or recently acquired disorder . In the field of ill health physicians, by their training, concent...
Calcification in the hallux tendons is characterized by deposition of calcium on the collagen fibrils of the tendons . It was first described on the semitendinosus tendon1 and is mostly observed in the supraspinatus tendon of the shoulder and, less frequently, in the hip, elbow, wrist, and knee.1,2 it usually presents ...
The online version of this article (doi:10.1007/s00239 - 010 - 9338-y) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users . A neighbor - net of the considered -tubulins does not support horizontal gene transfer as an explanation for the presence of f224 . Shows that the tubulin is not generally pla...
Under in vivo conditions, stem cells exist in a hypoxic environment, which is thought to be an important factor for the maintenance of its phenotype . In addition, in vitro cell culture exposed to normoxia is subjected to oxidative stress, and causes cell senescence . Therefore, to maintain stemness and avoid oxidative...
Lung cancer is the leading cause of cancer - related death in michigan and in the united states (u.s . ), while breast cancer is the most frequently diagnosed cancer among michigan women and the leading cause of death in the u.s . Studies on breast cancer suggest that breast cancer involves a complex interaction of int...
Epidemiological studies indicate that over the past forty years, the stroke incidence rate has increased from 52 out of 100,000 per year (1970 - 1979) to 117 (2000 - 2008) in the south asian countries (1). The epidemiology of the stroke in the middle east is not clear yet . During a 12-month period between 2006 and 200...
The efficiency of the separation process in reversed - phase hplc is highly dependent on the binary hydro - organic mobile phase composition and surface properties of the packing material . The high progress in increasing the efficiency of separations of various analytes has been achieved due to introduction of a varie...
5-ala, 5-aminolevulinic acid icer, incremental cost - effectiveness ratio pfly, progression - free life - year qaly, quality - adjusted life - year the target population of our study comprises adult patients with newly diagnosed high - grade glioma (world health organization grade iii / iv) eligible for surgical resect...
Acute generalized exanthematous pustulosis (agep) is a rare and severe cutaneous hypersensitivity reaction pattern that resembles pustular psoriasis . In over 90% of cases, the causative agents are systemic drugs, particularly anti - infectious agents such as aminopenicillins and macrolides . Antifungal agents, non - s...
Ascending bacterial infection is an important antecedent of preterm birth, which continues to be a major cause of neonatal mortality . Bacterial vaginosis (bv) is a common vaginal condition that reflects a shift from the normal lactobacillus predominant vaginal flora to a vaginal flora characterized by high concentrati...
One of the beauties of neurobiological research in drosophila is the combination of early development and stem cell biology with functional neurobiology and physiology on a nearly single cell resolution . Previous work on embryonic neural stem cells, so called neuroblasts (nb), and their lineages revealed a precise des...
A 25 year - old male was transferred to the emergency department of our hospital following a car accident (1 surgical department, general regional hospital the patient, who was intubated, suffered from major trauma including an open fracture of the left tibia, an open fracture of the right radius and ulna, a right temp...
A cohort of 4,069 patients with iga nephropathy (igan) from swedish biopsy registers was collected for this study . The positive predictive value (ppv) of a biopsy consistent with igan was 95% . Igan, which was first described by berger and hinglais in 1968,1 is now recognized as the most frequent type of primary glome...
Birds were studied at two sites in the dominican republic, on the island of hispaniola (figure): parque nacional sierra de baoruco (november 716, 2002; 18 12' n, 71 32' w) and parque nacional los haitises (november 1823, 2002; 19 00' n, 69 30' w). Tissues (eye, spleen, and kidney) were removed from 89 birds of 29 speci...
The ectoparasitic mite, varroa destructor, is the primary pest of the honeybee apis mellifera . It is found in large parts of the world and is spreading to others, although is still absent from some areas such as australia (rosenkranz et al ., 2010). It is a problem because it has significant effects on bees, weakening...
Injectable fillers have become one of the mainstay treatments for nonsurgical treatment of wrinkles and facial contouring . A plethora of fillers are currently available and even more so internationally . Because of unique characteristics of each kind of filler, there are different indications as well as advantages and...
Tyrosine serves as a one - electron redox cofactor in biocatalytic and multistep electron - transfer (et) processes . A combination of three fundamental properties makes redox reactions involving tyrosine radicals interesting from biochemical and biotechnical perspectives . Nature uses a range of organic molecules and ...
Occult diaphragmatic perforations due to stab wounds rarely cause initial symptoms and are usually missed by most currently used clinical and radiologic methods . Abdominal organ herniation due to diaphragmatic injury was first described by sennertus in 1541. (1) the first successful repair was performed by riolfi in 1...
Selective carbon carbon bond formation to aromatic and heteroaromatic systems is an important synthetic objective because the resulting structural motifs are found in many pharmaceuticals, agrochemicals and functional materials . Such transformations are currently achieved by using late - transition - metal - mediated ...
Influences of environmental stressors on animals are key areas of research in ecology and conservation . A fundamental premise of this research is that a stimulus in the environment places a stress on animals, which causes a behavioural or physiological change from baseline conditions (e.g. Vleck et al ., 2000;, 2010; ...
Robust technology has the potential to revolutionize scientific inquiry in ways often unimaginable at the time of the method s infancy . In the fields of protein chemistry and enzymology, an example of such a technology is site - directed mutagenesis, which allows researchers to site - specifically replace any naturall...
Gene pairing in mammalian nuclei has been implicated in processes ranging from transient kissing of alleles during x inactivation or imprinted gene regulation to the colocalization of unlinked genes that are tightly coregulated during differentiation (for review see de laat and grosveld, 2007; brown et al ., evidence f...
Memory is an indispensable cognitive trait allowing humans to encode, store and retrieve information . One form of long - term memory, declarative memory, is defined by the ability to consciously learn and recall facts and events and is further subdivided into semantic memory (the recollection of words, meanings and ge...
Trauma and tissue damage trigger an inflammatory response, which is required for postinjury regeneration and tissue repair . In the case of severe trauma, an overwhelming, systemic inflammatory response can result in additional multi - organ damage to the host cells and the development of multi - organ failure (mof). T...
According to demographic data from the register in 2002 the population of the republic of macedonia is 2,022,547 with 64.2% ethnical macedonian, 25.2% ethnical albanians, 3.9% ethnical turks, 2.7% ethnical romanies and a small percentage of other ethnic groups . People from different ethnic communities rarely have marr...
The host appears to mount a biphasic cytokine release response: first mounting a proinflammatory and then an anti - inflammatory response which quells the positive feedback loop of the cytokine storm . Refers to the diminished ability of the body to mount an appropriate cytokine storm and immune response and can lead t...
With an ageing population, the prevalence of alzheimer's disease (ad) and the consequent burden to society are rapidly rising . The currently approved medication for ad only offers symptomatic treatment of limited duration without affecting the progression of the disease . A hallmark pathology of ad is the presence of ...
Most samples submitted for rabies testing in sri lanka originate from the area around the capital, colombo . Our study included 44 samples: 36 from cases chosen randomly from the approximately 180 animals diagnosed with rabies at the medical research institute, colombo, from january to may 2001; 2 from elephants whose ...
Considerable public attention has been focused on smoking cessation before conception and during pregnancy . Although a significant number of smoking women quit smoking during pregnancy, up to 85% resume smoking following delivery of their babies, often within 2 to 8 weeks postpartum . Reasons given for smoking relapse...
Aptamers are short nucleic acids (typically 1280 nucleotides long) capable of specific and tight binding to their target molecules . The term aptamer is derived from the latin word aptus (fitting) and the greek word meros (part). Aptamers are selected by a process called selex (systematic evolution of ligands by expone...
Sleep is a sophisticated process involving a complex interaction of various neurotransmitter systems and an oscillation of homeostatic and circadian systems to initiate and maintain the activity . Insufficient sleep increases a risk for developing various chronic disease and conditions including obesity, diabetes, and ...
Distraction osteogenesis of maxilla is a widely accepted, predictable, and stable technique for the correction of severe maxillary hypoplasia in subjects with cleft lip and palate. [315] maxillary distraction allows global improvement of facial esthetics, allows advancement of maxilla even during the period of mixed de...
Clinical management of infertility among organ transplant recipients is a challenge to the treating physician with hitherto limited information in literature . In particular, artificial reproductive techniques (art) have been seldom attempted among these patients due to the possibility of life - threatening complicatio...
Lower respiratory tract infection (lrti) includes all infections of the lungs and the large airways below the larynx . On average, children below 5 years of age suffer about 5 to 6 episodes of lrti per year, and still a burden until 12 years of age and more . Pneumonia is the biggest single cause of childhood death und...
Nocturnal enuresis refers to an inability to control urination and involuntary urination during sleep, which is common among young children . Based on the dsm - iv (diagnostic and statistical manual of mental disorders iv) criteria, enuresis refers to the urination of children over 5 years old in clothes or in bed that...
This parasite can infect nucleated cells of birds and mammals, including humans . In humans sulphadiazine is a dihydropteroate synthase (dhps) inhibitor, while pyrimethamine inhibits dihydrofolate reductase (dhfr). Long - term treatment with these drugs can result in megaloblastic anemia or myelosuppression; consequent...
Children are gifts of god but at the same time not all children are equally gifted . A 3-year - old child visited the department of pedodontics and preventive dentistry along with his parents with the chief complaint of not being able to chew food and open mouth completely . Further inquiry revealed the notice of the c...
It is the third and fifth, respectively, most common cause of cancer - related deaths it is detected in many cancers, such as lung, breast, and brain cancers as well as gc . Sica et al . Found that b7-h4 ligation of t cells can inhibit the growth, cytokine secretion, and development of cytotoxicity . Recently, some stu...
Most parotid fistulas are acquired and arise secondary to trauma, surgery, malignant tumors and inflammation . Although accessory parotid gland is a common variation, parotid fistula arising from an ectopic accessory parotid gland is extremely rare . Only five cases have been reported world - wide, so far excluding the...
In their recent study, daubin and colleagues highlight the management of drug - induced cardiotoxicity . Cardiovascular failure as a result of drug poisoning is an acute condition that is associated with significant healthcare consequences . Although cardiovascular drugs account for 3.5% of all drug poisoning cases, th...
Pleomorphic adenoma (pa) can be defined as a benign mixed tumor composed of epithelial and myoepithelial cells arranged with various morphological patterns, demarcated from surrounding tissues by fibrous capsule . Pa (mixed benign tumor) is one of the salivary gland tumors affecting both major and minor salivary glands...
The risk associated with low - level diagnostic exposures could be expected to be low but greater than zero . Panoramic radiography is widely used to complement clinical examination and is considered less harmful than performing several periapical radiographs . Because the estimated risk from diagnostic radiation expos...
Although italy is the land where the lemon trees bloom, as goethe recited, the italian climate changes dramatically from the cold alpine regions in the north, to the subtropical areas in the south . Italy stretches for about 1,000 kilometres from 47 to 35 latitude north, and the ultra violet (uv) irradiation varies acc...
Dr . Nussbaum is an employee of and owns stock and stock options in invitae, a commercial genetic diagnostic laboratory . In the past two years, he has served as a consultant for personalis, inc . And complete genomics, inc ., two dna sequencing companies.
Decision making in operative treatment of fractures of the proximal tibia associated with impending compartment syndrome has been difficult . The criteria for impending compartment syndrome are: mild to moderate increase in circumference of the leg, firm swelling on palpation, appearance of multiple fluid filled bliste...
Phospholipid fatty acids (plfas) are part of microbial cellular membranes from the domains bacteria and eukarya . Microorganisms produce plfas of different chain lengths and composition as a means to maintain cell - membrane integrity and cellular function in response to their immediate environmental conditions; hence ...
Fabry disease is an x - linked deficiency of -galactosidase (gla) resulting in widespread lysosomal storage of -galactose lipid conjugates represented mainly by, in decreasing order, globotriaosylceramide, digalactosyl ceramide (desnick et al . 2001), and blood group b glycolipid (ledvinova et al . 1997). The cell type...
Clinical wnv patients, confirmed by immunoglobulin m elisa and identified through local surveillance in the houston metropolitan area from 2002 through 2004, were invited to participate in a study to determine long - term clinical sequelae . No patient was denied participation on the basis of age, sex, race, or ethnici...
Total hip arthroplasty (tha) procedures have grown in demand in the past decades . Data from the national inpatient sample show a 48% increase in total hip replacement cases from 1997 to 2004 . Annually, more than 300 000 tha procedures are performed in the united states, with a projected 137% increase by the year 2030...
Methods for computational discovery and analysis of regulatory sequences are becoming increasingly important for the interpretation of genome and transcriptome data . Reliable prediction of cis - regulatory elements is critically dependent upon access to high - quality models for the binding specificity of transcriptio...
The double j stent provides a convenient means of drainage for the upper urinary tract . The indications of double j catheter placement include the relief of ureteral obstruction secondary to diverse etiologies, accommodating adequate postoperative drainage, and preventing ureteral injuries during surgical procedures ....
Pancreatic cancer is the fourth most common cause of cancer - related mortality . In united states of america alone, 12 new cases of pancreatic cancer are diagnosed in every 100,000 individual and 11 in 100,000 persons die from this cancer, each year . It is a rapidly developing cancer which causes abdominal pain, weig...
Comminuted fracture is defined as the presence of multiple fracture lines resulting in many small pieces within the same area of the mandible (e.g., angle, body, ramus, or symphysis)1 . In extensive communited fractures, multiple sites (exceeding one region and involving the neighbouring region) of the mandible are spl...
Magnusiomyces capitatus is a rare cause of fungal infection in immunocompromised patients, occurring almost exclusively in the mediterranean region, with only a few case reports from outside this region . We present the post mortem pictures showing the lesions in affected organ, in which m. capitatus was confirmed by p...
Median rhomboid glossitis (mrg) is defined as the central papillary atrophy of the tongue and it affects 0.01%1.0% of the population.1 mrg is typically located around the midline of the dorsum of the tongue . It occurs as a well - demarcated, symmetric, depapillated area arising anterior to the circumvallate papillae (...