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Epidermolysis bullosa (eb) comprises a group of genetically determined skin fragility disorders characterized by blistering of the skin and mucosa following mild mechanical trauma18,20,21 . Approximately 400,000 - 500,000 people are affected worldwide and no definitive treatments have yet been developed8,7 . Eb is clas... |
Currently, cisplatin is being used as an anticancer agent in several human cancers, particularly, testicular and ovarian cancers [1, 2]. Side effects, especially nephrotoxicity, of this drug limit its widespread use in high dose . The need to develop new complexes with reduced nephrotoxicity and higher activity has sti... |
Traumatic dental injuries present a major challenge to dental clinicians across the globe because of the young age where it most frequently occurs, wherein loss of tooth may have lifelong consequences, psychological impact that it has on young minds, strict dependence of the outcome on the time lag between injury and t... |
Healthy oral mucous membrane is normally of varying shades of red . When either the patient or the clinician notices areas of pigmentation, there is often an element of increased concern . Focal lesions usually need an in - depth examination to exclude a melanoma, while diffuse lesions often have no specific histologic... |
It has recently been shown that lens injury or intravitreal applications of lens - derived /-crystallins potently protect axotomised retinal ganglion cells (rgcs) from cell death and stimulate axon regeneration in the injured optic nerve [15]. All treatments induce an activation of retinal astrocytes and mller cells, w... |
In 1907, gh whipple described the case of 36-year - old man with abdominal pain, diarrhea, malabsorption, weight loss, fever, and arthralgia,1 now known as whipple disease (wd). This rare, chronic, multisystemic infectious disorder is caused by the bacterium tropheryma whipplei (tw), which is related to the family of a... |
Choosing the safest method of delivery and preventing preterm labour to reduce the number of preterm births and improve the outcomes for mother and baby is an obstetric challenge . Optimal route of delivery for preterm vertex neonates has been a controversial topic in the obstetric and neonatal community for decades an... |
It has been proven that the face is a slightly stronger indicator of overall attractiveness than the body . Attractive people are regarded as friendly, intelligent, interesting, more social, and much more positive personalities [24]. Irregularities in the position of the teeth and jaws have a significant impact on the ... |
Nowadays, osteoporosis - related vertebral compression fractures have important health consequence particularly for older patients, including morbidity and increased mortality5). While the diagnosis can be suspected from history and physical examination, plain radiography, computed tomography and bone scanning, however... |
Attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (adhd) is one of the most common developmental disorders with a prevalence of 3 - 7% in the general population and is associated with significant impairment symptoms . As a consequence of pervasiveness, adhd can negatively interfere with the general well - being, as well as with... |
Hygienic - sanitary self - monitoring in the food industry was made mandatory in italy by italian legislative decree no . It was modelled on the practicable method of the system called haccp (hazard analysis and critical control points) designed in the late 1950 s by the pillsbury company to provide safe food for nasa ... |
Since the cancer and leukemia group b (calgb) 9344 and the national surgical adjuvant breast and bowel project (nsabp) b28 trials were reported, four cycles of doxorubicin / cyclophosphamide (ac) followed by four cycles of taxane has become a standard adjuvant chemotherapy regimen for patients with node - positive brea... |
Several observational and randomized controlled trials (rcts) have shown increased risk of hospital complications, length of stay, and mortality in patients with hyperglycemia and diabetes (15). Randomized multicenter trials in medical and surgical patients with type 2 diabetes have shown that treatment with a basal - ... |
It has been reported that in autopsy cases of prostate cancer patients, adrenal metastasis is observed in 17 - 20% of the cases and pleural metastasis is observed in around 20% of the cases [1, 2]. However, there are few reports on clinical cases, and the case described here is only the fourth case of adrenal metastasi... |
The high - resolution microendoscope described here (figure 1a) should be considered as a base configuration with several variations possible in assembly and application . We describe in detail here an embodiment of the platform which is designed to be used with proflavine as a fluorescent contrast agent . Proflavine i... |
The incidence of testis cancer has been increasing at an annual rate of 3%, leading to a doubling in cases world - wide over the last 40 years . With the advent of improved staging and treatment there has been a marked decrease in mortality over this time, estimated at 4.5% for 2009.1 in recent years, positron emission... |
The author contributed to, and accepts responsibility for the comments and views expressed in this commentary . The author has obtained grants in the last three years from la loterie romande, clubsnsw, comelot, la franaise des jeux, loto - qubec, national lottery (belgium), nsw office of liquor, gaming, and racing, ont... |
Menopause is defined retrospectively as the time of the final menstrual period followed by 12 months of amenorrhea that occurs as a part of the normal aging process . It is characterized by various symptoms that include hot flashes, vaginal dryness, mood and sleep disturbances, somatic complaints (aches and pains), anx... |
Unfavorable dimensional and morphologic changes of the alveolar bone are inevitable subsequent to tooth extraction . The most destructive changes are reduction of socket walls, especially the buccal wall, as well as replacement of the previous root space by the bone marrow . It is reported that average horizontal volum... |
For over 50 years, aerosol sampling methods for workplace air monitoring in the united states and many other countries have relied on the use of closed - face filter cassette (cfc) samplers . Established occupational exposure monitoring practice based on cfc sampling generally entails the use of a battery - powered per... |
Loss - of - function mutations in prok2 and prokr2 (encoding prokineticin-2 and prokineticin receptor-2, respectively) have been implicated in kallmann syndrome (ks), which is characterized by hypogonadotropic hypogonadism (hh) and anosmia (1,2,3). In general, subjects with biallelic prokr2 mutations exhibit a fairly s... |
Bad breath (halitosis, oral malodor) is, for the most part, an oral condition and often is also associated with ent, respiratory, gastrointestinal tract infections, certain systemic diseases, metabolic disorders, and carcinomas . It is an awkward and embarrassing problem for millions, and can also be a warning sign of ... |
Moyamoya disease (mmd) is a chronic occlusive cerebral arteriopathy characterized by progressive steno - occlusion of the arteries of the willis circle1,2,3,4,5 . The progressive occlusion generally begins in the proximal portion of the internal carotid artery, gradually spreading to numerous collateral vessels . Appea... |
Observations were made in the 33-bed hematology / oncology unit, the 23-bed solid organ transplant unit, the 16-bed surgical intensive - care unit (sicu), and the 11-bed medical intensive - care unit (micu). Sink - to - bed ratios in the units were 8:33 in the hematology / oncology unit, 4:23 in the solid organ transpl... |
Every physician, nurse practitioner, physician assistant, nurse, and imaging technologist of a health organization needs to review and manipulate images, image metadata, and associated imaging reports through the electronic health record (ehr) as part of routine activities . Patients are interested and increasingly sav... |
Circular cone - beam (cb) scans are commonly used in x - ray ct . However, given tuy's data sufficiency condition, the radon space data of the scanned object cannot be completely measured in such an imaging geometry, and an exact reconstruction is possible only in the plane of the source trajectory (midplane)., is by f... |
Starting from the premise that the chronic kidney disease (ckd) chronic, inflammatory and hypercoagulable state characterized by an increase in procoagulant and inflammatory markers high cardiovascular (cv) morbidity and mortality in these patients could be explained . Non - traditional cv risk factors include, among o... |
A 27-year - old male patient presented to us with painless hard mass in superonasal quadrant (snq) of left orbit for 3 months which had progressively increased in size during 1-month associated with drooping of upper lid of left eye for 20 days [fig . 1]. Photograph of patient showing visible mass at superonasal quadra... |
Vascular malformations of the gastrointestinal tract can occur at any age, and patients may present with a variety of symptoms . Most malformations are asymptomatic, though some can present with acute hemorrhage or chronic anemia, and others can result in obstruction or intussusception when the vascular anomaly is tumo... |
In 2011, the centers for disease control and prevention (cdc) assisted state and local health departments in an investigation of a cluster of wnv disease transmitted through solid organ transplantation (6). The adult male donor had a history of cerebral palsy, seizures, and blindness . He was cared for at home and had ... |
Bone is the second most transplanted tissue behind blood transfusions with 500,000 people in the us and 2.2 million people worldwide receiving bone grafts per year . Autologous bone grafting is currently considered the gold standard for treating nonhealing fractures, but multiple features make it less than ideal for lo... |
Hepatocellular carcinoma (hcc) is the second leading cause of cancer - related deaths worldwide, with the incidence rising both in orient and occident . Despite implementation of potentially curative treatments such as liver resection, radiofrequency ablation (rfa), and transcatheter hepatic arterial chemoembolization ... |
Preeclampsia (pe) is a condition characterized by hypertension and proteinuria in pregnant women, where hypertension is defined as blood pressure equal to or exceeding 140/90 mmhg after the 20th week of gestation, and proteinuria is defined as either urinary excretion of more than 300 mg protein in 24 hours or presence... |
Mutism is defined as an inability or unwillingness to speak, resulting in the absence or marked paucity of verbal output . It is a common presenting symptom seen in various disorders, including psychiatric as well as medical disorders . Though, it often is the main focus of clinical attention, both for the patients and... |
Normal vaginal delivery (nvd) is a god's gift to human reproduction from the very beginning of mankind on earth till now . Nvd on term will lead to the best results and it has been one of the goals of usa for the past 25 years, while cesarean without indication, compared with nvd, has a lot of hazardous outcomes for th... |
Echinococcosis has a worldwide distribution . In cystic echinococcosis, humans are an accidental host and are usually infected after handling an infected dog . Rarely occurrences of primary cysts in kidneys have been reported, with the consequent finding of jellylike hydatid material in the urine.1 few cases of glomeru... |
Panax ginseng meyer is an important medicinal herb that is widely cultivated in korea, china, and japan . The root has been used as a drug for over 2000 years in oriental countries . Ginsenosides are the major pharmacologically active components in p. ginseng . More than 30 types of ginsenosides have been identified fr... |
The incidence of duodenal atresia has been estimated at 1 in 6000 - 1 in 10,000 live births . Duodenal atresia is thought to result from problems during embryo's development, in which the duodenum does not normally change from a solid to a tube - like structure . We present here a case, which queries the embroyological... |
Renal tubular acidosis, first described in 1935, is a broad term applied to various transport defects in kidney . It includes two major forms, failure to absorb bicarbonate in proximal tubule (proximal renal tubular acidosis or prta) or inability to secrete hydrogen ion in distal tubule (distal renal tubular acidosis, ... |
One of the most serious complications of mitral valve replacement (mvr) is the left ventricular (lv) rupture and pseudoaneurysm formation, which is rare but potentially lethal.14 according to the time of the lv rupture, it is classified into three categories: early; delayed; and late ruptures . Early types are those th... |
We conducted a case - control study nested within the camden study (12), a prospective cohort study of pregnancy outcome and complications in young, generally healthy women residing in one of the poorest cities in the continental u.s . The institutional review board at the university of medicine and dentistry of new je... |
The asymmetric distribution and localized translation of mrnas control the expression of many proteins in a wide range of cells and tissues . Well - known examples include maternal determinants of embryo patterning and asymmetric fates in drosophila oocytes, such as bicoid, oskar (osk), gurken (grk), and nanos mrnas . ... |
A 27-year - old woman, gravida 2, para 0, was referred to the gynecology department at our institution with a history of seven week amenorrhea and slight vaginal bleeding of two day duration . The patient had no history of pelvic inflammatory disease, intrauterine device use, abdominal surgery, or treatment for inducti... |
Osteoblastoma is a rare primary benign neoplasm comprising less than 1% of primary tumors of bone . The age of presentation ranges between 3 and 70 years with approximately 90% of patients diagnosed before the age of 30 years . About 32% of patients develop in the posterior elements of the spine, 12% in the femur, 10% ... |
Androgenetic alopecia (aga) or male pattern baldness (mbp), characterized by frontal and vertex scalp hair loss, commonly affects males from third decade onwards . It can have a significant adverse effect on quality of life and its prevalence in asian men is probably higher than often suspected . Aga has been found to ... |
In the recent times, violence against women is an emerging problem both in the developed and developing countries, with the world health organization (who) declaring domestic violence as a according to the who, globally more than one - third of women are suffering physical and sexual violence, with a lifetime prevalenc... |
Laryngeal mask airway (lma) is a commonly used supraglottic airway device for conduct of anesthesia in children . Adequate depth of anesthesia is essential during insertion of lma to obtund the hemodynamic responses and airway reflexes . Lighter plane of anesthesia during lma insertion can lead to airway complications ... |
Daptomycin is licensed in the usa and europe for the treatment of complicated skin and soft tissue infections caused by gram - positive organisms, including both susceptible and resistant strains of staphylococcus aureus, at a dose of 4 mg / kg daily . Additionally, it had been licensed for the treatment of various inf... |
Periodontal surgical preparation may be required for specific problems in restorative dentistry such as subgingival caries, crown fracture, and inadequate crown length.1 crown lengthening is often necessary to provide adequate room for crown preparation and reestablishment of the biologic width between the crown margin... |
It has a peak incidence between 10 and 14 year of age and only 30% of all osteosarcomas occur in individuals aged> 40 . Osteosarcoma is a rare disease, with an annual incidence rate of approximately 4.4 per 10 for people aged 024 years . Several subtypes of osteosarcoma can be distinguished, of which conventional high ... |
Central pontinemyelinolysis (cpm) is a demyelinative lesion in the central pons, initially described by adams et al . Cpm is predominantly the lesion of basis pontis, but when the pathological process also involves extrapontine site it is called as osmotic demyelination syndrome (ods). A 50-year - old lady had symptoms... |
The cultural groups that make up the pacific islander and asian american communities are often grouped together and considered as a single homogeneous entity . In reality, these communities are diverse in language, culture, and history . Such differences can influence access to health information, health maintenance op... |
Adrenal cysts have been described previously in the literature, but are an infrequently occurring lesion . In 1951, wahl cited a necropsy incidence of 9 in 13,996 (0.064%) and a more recent study by neri, et al cited an incidence of 14 or 19,906 (0.07%) (1,2). Most of these lesions are found incidentally; although they... |
Patients with epilepsy, a chronic neurological disease with seizure episodes, are exposed to a wide range of psychosocial experiences far more disabling than the disease itself . The psychosocial aspects of epilepsy include a high rate of psychotic reactions, mood disorders, and suicide . Epileptic patients experience ... |
Since its inception, vessel sealing with ultrasonic devices has been recognized as having many advantages over conventional electrosurgery.1 the purely mechanical action of the ultrasonic end effector eliminates the passage of any current to or through the patient, reducing the risk of nerve damage.2 hemostasis is achi... |
The campus health service at the university of arizona is located on campus in pima county . The average yearly enrollment during 19982006 of 36,000 was used for calculating case rates for all students (5). Campus health medical charts for january 1, 1998, through december 31, 2006, were reviewed for serologic testing ... |
Gastrointestinal cancers are still a leading cause of death worldwide . Gastric cancer (gc) and colorectal cancer (crc) have ranked third and fourth among the most common causes of cancer death, despite advances of surgical resection, chemotherapy, and molecular targeted therapy 1,2 . Although application of molecular ... |
To give a conceptual overview of multivariate analysis we can picture a very simple situation: a hypothetical data set for 50 human participants, where only three regions, denoted as voxels (= 3-dimensional pixels in figure 1) in the brain were measured . The general aim of multivariate analysis is to identify the majo... |
In the previous issue of critical care, peris and coworkers demonstrate that trauma patients experience fewer future symptoms of post - traumatic stress disorder (ptsd) and a (nonsignificant) reduction in the prevalence of anxiety and depression if they receive psychological intervention whilst in the intensive care un... |
Evacetrapib is a potent, selective inhibitor of cholesteryl ester transfer protein (cetp) and has demonstrated ability to inhibit cetp activity, increase high - density lipoprotein cholesterol (hdl - c), and decrease low - density lipoprotein cholesterol (ldl - c). Aggressive lowering of ldl - c has been shown to be be... |
Homocysteine was discovered by serendipity in 1934 as a byproduct of the digestion of methionine with hydriodic acid, a procedure used then for the determination of protein methionine . The determination of hcy has gained high interest within the biomedical community over recent years as it is a major biomarker for a w... |
Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (copd) is a disease state characterized by the presence of airflow obstruction due to chronic bronchitis or emphysema . The airflow obstruction generally progress slowly and accompanied by airway hyper - reactivity to hypoxia (wietzenblum et al 1984; marshall and marshall 1988). Ch... |
Since the completion of the human genome project, it is increasingly recognized that the phenotypes of many inherited disorders are often not predictable from genome sequence - based analysis, and the pathogenesis of disease is often the result of complex interaction between gene and environment . A fundamental challen... |
Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (copd) is a major cause of morbidity, disability, and mortality worldwide.1 patients with advanced copd are often hospitalized for acute respiratory failure and may require invasive mechanical ventilation, which is associated with high inhospital mortality rates ranging from 6% to ... |
Zno is one of the most important wide band gap (3.37 at room temperature) semiconductors because of its promising potential applications in room temperature uv lasers, sensors, solar cells, transparent electrodes, and piezoelectric actuators . In recent years, regulating the shape of semiconductor nanostructures has be... |
The presentation of this technological hazard may range from a mild socio - personal distress to a gross disorganization in behavior and self - care . We reported a case of two brothers, diagnosed with internet gaming addiction, who showed grossly disorganized behavior and severely compromised self - care . The conditi... |
Alpha-1 acid glycoprotein (agp; also known as orosomucoid) is one of the most heavily glycosylated proteins in human plasma, with approximately 45% of its 44 kda molecular weight being contributed by n - linked glycans . These glycans cluster on the n - terminal half of the 183 amino acid agp polypeptide chain and are ... |
Schwannoma is a neurogenic tumor arising from nerve sheaths of peripheral and cranial nerves, where it originates from schwann cells which are embedded in the neurilemal sheath as a multinucleated syncytial network . Resulting symptoms include sore throat, odynophagia, dysphagia, dyspnea, stridor, etc ., and are relate... |
Painful bladder syndrome / interstitial cystitis (pbs / ic) is diagnosed if a patient complains of chronic pelvic pain, pressure, or discomfort that is perceived to be related to the urinary bladder and these symptoms are accompanied by at least one other urinary symptom, such as a persistent urge to void or high urina... |
Jagged1-fc (r&d systems) was plated at 5 g / ml in pbs overnight to coat culture dish surfaces, followed by pbs washes . Recombinant thbs4 (3 g / ml, c. eroglu), dapt (5 m, tocris), dbz (5 nm, millipore) were freshly added to culture medium every other day during in vitro differentiation where indicated . For thbs4 and... |
Epidemiological studies have shown that air pollution poses the greatest human health risks to the young and elderly and those with chronic cardiovascular disease, asthma, or influenza [16]. Air pollution is most prevalent in largely populated urban areas such as cities with high - density traffic that consequently pos... |
Protein misfolding and aggregation and the subsequent formation of amyloid fibrils is established as part of the pathology of over 40 human diseases, including creutzfeldt - jakob disease, parkinson s disease, dialysis related amyloidosis, type ii diabetes, huntington s disease, and alzheimer s disease (ad). Of these f... |
The tremendous range of protein concentrations in living systems presents the greatest barrier to comprehensive proteome analysis . Low abundance proteins are difficult to detect in the presence of much more abundant proteins, particularly in shotgun proteome analyses using liquid chromatography - tandem mass spectrome... |
Endoscopic submucosal dissection (esd) has been accepted as an established procedure for superficial esophageal neoplasms.1 although the most important advantage of esd is its effectiveness in resecting lesions regardless of size, postoperative stricture occasionally becomes a problem after esd for large lesions, espec... |
The control of disease activity before conception and during pregnancy is of paramount importance to optimize both maternal and fetal health . Generally, if the disease is inactive at the time of conception and during pregnancy, the fetal outcome of an ibd patient is similar to that observed in the general population (... |
This is an ongoing translational study performed at the university of michigan health system (umhs) and the ann arbor veterans affairs (aava) hospital and has been reviewed and approved by their respective institutional review boards . Bone was obtained from 17 patients with a clinical diagnosis of diabetic osteomyelit... |
In the usa, oral and pharyngeal cancer (opc) ranks as the 4th leading cancer site in black men, and the 6th most common site in white men . Opcs are twice as frequent in men as compared with women and currently are estimated to occur in over 35,000 americans each year, which is an increase over the three previous years... |
Dyke - davidoff - masson syndrome (ddms), reported first in 1933 refers to atrophy or hypoplasia of one cerebral hemisphere (hemi atrophy), which is usually due to an insult to the developing brain in fetal or early childhood period . Age of presentation depends on the time of neurologic insult, and characteristic chan... |
The treatment for chronic hepatitis c (chc) has been revolutionized by the advent of interferon (ifn)-free direct - acting antivirals (daas), which show unprecedented safety, tolerability and efficacy profiles . Patients with chc and end - stage renal disease (esrd) who are dialysis - dependent form a unique group in w... |
Coronaviruses are enveloped positive - stranded rna viruses of veterinary and medical importance that are associated mainly with respiratory and enteric infections (1, 2). Some animal coronaviruses have long been known to cause severe diseases . In humans, however, it was long believed that coronaviruses cause mainly l... |
Anaplastic thyroid carcinoma (atc) represents the most aggressive extreme of the clinical spectrum of thyroid epithelial neoplasms, being one of the most lethal human tumors . It constitutes less than 5% of clinically recognized thyroid malignancies but it accounts for more than half of the deaths for thyroid cancer, w... |
Cyclo - oxygenase (cox)-2 is the key enzyme in arachidonic acid metabolism resulting in prostaglandin production, and is induced by several factors, such as growth factors, cytokines, and tumor promoters . It is thus an inducible enzyme responsible for prostaglandin production at sites of inflammation and is involved i... |
Forms of neural plasticity are expressed by many neurons in central auditory structures and are believed to sculpt the neural changes that underlie the development of tinnitus and hyperacusis associated with hearing loss [1, 2]. Examples of neural changes attributed to neural plasticity in animal models include upregul... |
The symptoms that compose the hand - arm vibration syndrome (havs) have previously been extensively described and are referred to as mainly vascular, neurological and muscular (chetter et al . The most prominent symptoms are made up of vascular and peripheral neurological disorders (i.e., sensorineural), where the latt... |
Urolithiasis denotes stones originating anywhere in the urinary tract, including the kidneys and bladder . However, the pathophysiologic bases for the formation of kidney and bladder stones are entirely different . Kidney stones form as a result of physicochemical or genetic derangements leading to supersaturation of t... |
Patients treated in an intensive care unit (icu) tend to have reduced intestinal motility due to various drug treatments (opioid and sedative agents, etc . ), inflammation, metabolism, pain, anxiety, and bed rest, resulting in a higher risk for postoperative bowel obstruction1 . Reduced intestinal motility delays enter... |
However, the amount of gingival display considered attractive differs among various studies.5,711 a youthful smile is defined as full display of maxillary incisor crowns, with 12 mm of gingival margin . Usually, females tend to show 12 mm more of gingival tissue than males.12,13 recently, silberberg et al14 showed that... |
Several factors can influence the degree of polymerization of resin cements, namely, porcelain shade and thickness4, light - curing unit (lcu) and curing time12 . Dual - cured resin luting agents are usually chosen based on the best combination of mechanical and physical properties when the efficacy of light activation... |
Csm is one of the most frequently encountered disorders of the neurological system in the elderly population . Conventional single - door cervical laminoplasty (cl), designed by hirabayashi in 1977, has been widely used for treating csm . In the cl method, the laminae are left open by stay sutures placed between the la... |
Cell death is a crucial process in ontogeny, homeostasis, and pathologies [1, 2]. Over the cells die by apoptosis, a physiological and regulated cell death process which is tolerogenic and partially inflammatory, or necroptosis, a pathological and regulated cell death process, which is inherently immunogenic and elicit... |
Over the past 20 years, our laboratory has identified more than 600 families of established and putative transport systems (busch and saier 2002; saier 2000), which are described and tabulated in the transporter classification database (tcdb http://www.tcdb.org) (saier et al . These families have been defined on the ba... |
A 6-year - old boy (26 kg/108 cm) was scheduled for a pre- and post - contrast magnetic resonance imaging (mri) of the thorax . He had received chemotherapy followed by surgical resection for ganglioneuroblastoma in the left posterior mediastinum . He had made a complete recovery from the cancer in 2012 . From 2012 to ... |
The nurses health study ii (nhs ii) is an ongoing prospective cohort study of 116,678 female nurses aged 2544 years at study inception in 1989 (15). The participants are sent a biennial questionnaire regarding disease outcomes and lifestyle characteristics, such as smoking status, medication use, and physical activity ... |
Bone morphogenetic proteins (bmps) are disulfide - linked dimeric proteins, produced as large precursor proteins (reviewed in). Bmps can be further classified into several subgroups by their amino acid similarities . Bmp-2 and bmp-4 have 83% amino acid sequence identity and are the best - studied members in the bmp fam... |
This study was designed as a retrospective review of data from a controlled, long - term multicenter study and was therefore exempted from an approval by the institutional review board of pusan national university hospital . All patients were older than six years of age at the onset of symptoms and had no prior treatme... |
Genotype phenotype maps were classically derived from forward genetic screens, in which random mutations introduced into a genome yielded interesting phenotypes . The mutations were localized within the genome, and then the corresponding genes were identified, a process that could take months to years . Reverse genetic... |
Health - care technologies (hcts) are an integral part of health - care delivery globally and play an important role in any country s health - care system . Low - income countries (lics) such as zimbabwe do not have the resources to develop health technologies de novo, hence use technologies developed elsewhere . At th... |
The pathogenesis of multiple sclerosis (ms) is certainly complex and heterogeneous in nature, involving an interplay between innate and environmental factors [24] and genetic factors, notably the polymorphism of hla . The epidemiology of this disease strongly indicates that it has emerged as a major neurological disord... |
Resistin, also known as found in inflammatory zone 3 (fizz3) is an adipocyte - derived hormone known to promote insulin resistance, impair adipocyte differentiation, and to promote inflammation [15] and that was originally identified in rats as a protein secreted by adipocytes that is under the control of different hum... |
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