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Darier disease is a rare autosomal dominant inherited genodermatosis with onset around puberty, characterized by yellow to brown, oily keratotic papules and plaques primarily affecting the seborrheic areas of the face and chest . The disorder may show different clinical manifestations, such as palmoplantar pits and nai... |
One of them is doing exercise and to burn calories and to stay fit . In an extensive review, regular physical activity increase exercising capacity and overall physical fitness, which results in increased health benefits1, 2 . The increasing use of physical activity for health emphasizes the importance of performing ac... |
The more you know, or anyone knows, the better decisions can be made. Vermont physician quoted in sorrell v. ims health inc . The history of the fda's regulation of drug approval and promotion demonstrates the necessary and delicate balancing act that rests at the core of the agency's mandate under the federal food, dr... |
Sexual dysfunction (sd) can be defined as any reduction in desire or libido, diminished arousal, a decline in the frequency of intercourse, or an undesirable delay in or inability to achieve orgasm . Sd is a highly prevalent clinical entity that has been reported in different geographical communities . In one study in ... |
Fibromyalgia is a chronic disease characterized by sensitive points on the body that manifest common musculoskeletal pains, fatigue, and low pain threshold . Although there is no clear - cut data about the prevalence and incidence of fms in the world, prevalence is generally between 6% and 20% (1). 80%90% of patients w... |
Enormous esthetic demands have led the dentists to adopt the resin composite restorations in routine dental practice . Surface roughness of the dental restorations remains a striking problem associated with the use of direct composite resins which increases plaque retention resulting in gingival inflammation, superfici... |
This paper reports on some of the findings of a literature review, which formed part of an empirical study into integrated care for older people in northern ireland . The study was commissioned by a group of service providers from health and social care in the same locality, who were beginning to work together in an in... |
Inflammatory macular edema represents one of the main causes of significant vision loss in patients with uveitis, as a result of the breakdown of the blood retinal barrier by inflammatory mediators such as tumor necrosis factor - alpha and interleukin-1beta.1 in an effort to intercept the circulation of these mediators... |
Type 2 diabetes, obesity, and associated metabolic as well as cardiovascular diseases run an epidemic wave worldwide . Regarding to the world health organization (who) there are 347 millions people diagnosed with diabetes worldwide . Furthermore, based on who fact sheets more than 1.4 billion adults were diagnosed over... |
Progressive familial heart block (pfhb) type i is an autosomal dominantly inherited cardiac conduction disorder that may progress to complete atrioventricular (av) block . In 1986, van der merwe et al.2) described the clinical and electrocardiography (ecg) confirmation of the progressive nature of this disease . Type i... |
Oral mucosa exhibits a rapid turnover of cells and these exfoliated cells play an imperative role in diagnosis of potentially malignant disorders . Oral cavity reflects the various events occurring in the body which is revealed by the cytomorphological and nucleomorphological variations in these exfoliated cells . Oral... |
Cervical radiculopathy is a disorder of the cervical nerve root, manifesting as any combination of pain or sensory or motor disturbance.1 when radiculopathy caused by compression of the effect nerve root proves recalcitrant to conservative modalities, anterior cervical discectomy and fusion (acdf) is a widely accepted ... |
Benign prostatic hyperplasia (bph) is one of the most common diseases in korean men of middle age and older . The prevalence of clinical bph in a community - based study of chungbuk province was 27.7% with use of the definition of bph of a prostate volume 20 ml and an international prostate symptom score (ipss) 8 . Bph... |
Takotsubo cardiomyopathy (tcm), also known as stress cardiomyopathy, is a complex entity that can mimic an acute coronary syndrome, particularly when chest pain is present . A common pathophysiologic mechanism involving intense neuroadrenergic myocardial stimulation has been postulated, but the list of its potential ca... |
Most of the literature available is in the form of case reports and a few case series. [24] disseminated lymphomatous process can involve the ovaries as secondary involvement in about 7% cases . Auto immune hemolytic anemia, aiha associated with hematolymphoid malignancies although rare, is a typical complication . Mos... |
Interstitial keratitis is a nonsuppurative inflammation of the corneal stroma without primary involvement of the epithelium or endothelium . The clinical manifestations of interstitial keratitis include tearing, photophobia, perilimbal injection, corneal stromal inflammation, keratic precipitates, stromal neovasculariz... |
The current version also takes into consideration symptoms of patients through tools such as the modified medical research council (mmrc) score, which is a simple grading system for severity of dyspnea, as well as exacerbation history, with two or more episodes of exacerbations over the past year deemed to be of high r... |
Poly(adp - ribose)polymerase-1 (parp-1) is an abundant, ubiquitously expressed nuclear protein that is responsible for the maintenance and repair of dna damage . Parp-1 is the founding member of an expanded family of related proteins with similar enzymatic activity . Parp-1 utilizes nad as a substrate to synthesize lin... |
The online version of this article (doi:10.1007/s10858 - 009 - 9316 - 0) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users . Deuterium isotope effects on chemical shifts have proved to be a sensitive gauge for hydrogen bonding (jameson 1991; abildgaard et al . 1998; dziembowska et al . 2004; kim e... |
The authors would like to thank claudia hopkins for generating the illustration shown in figure 1 . This work was supported by a research grant to mb from the marta and owen boris foundation and canadian cancer society research institute. |
Use it or lose it has widely been adopted as the battle cry of doctors and health care professionals around the world with regard to muscle atrophy, cardiovascular health, and, more recently, neurocognitive health . Alzheimer s disease (ad) causes accelerated destruction of neurons and interneuronal links in the brain,... |
Treatment of the cavoatrial tumor thrombus (tt) remains extremely challenging, even for a well - experienced surgeon, not only due to the technical difficulties that it possesses, but also because of the very high associated risks of perioperative complications and mortality (47% and 15%, respectively) [1, 2]. The pres... |
The word psychopharmacology was first used in 1920 by david macht, an american pharmacologist, in the title of his paper describing the effects of the antipyretics, quinine and acetylsalicylic acid, on neuromuscular coordination tests (macht 1920). Yet, until the 1950s there was no such scientific discipline as psychop... |
Inguinal herniorrhaphy (ih) is a common day care procedure that can be performed under general anaesthesia (ga), peripheral nerve blockade, regional anaesthetic techniques - subarachnoid block (sab) or paravertebral block (pvb). Pvb is advantageous in providing long - lasting unilateral anaesthesia, haemodynamic stabil... |
In a recent issue of the british medical journal, lightowler and coworkers presented a meta - analysis of seven randomized controlled trials of noninvasive positive pressure ventilation (nppv) to treat acute respiratory failure caused by chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (copd) exacerbations as compared with' usual... |
The task of group 3 was to review and update the existing data concerning non - surgical, surgical non - regenerative and surgical regenerative treatment of peri - implantitis . Special interest was paid to the preventive and supporting therapy in case of peri - implantitis . The main areas of interest were as follows:... |
Nuclear receptors (nrs) are transcriptional regulators of a diverse set of genes that play a central role in metabolic and endocrine homeostasis . Nrs play key physiological roles in the regulation of gene networks that operate a variety of biological responses, including cellular growth and differentiation, developmen... |
Solely assessing letter size that can be read for evaluating the near visual acuity (va) of patients with low vision is inadequate . Reliable and valid text - based reading charts are required to assess reading performance in this patient population . Minnesota low vision reading (mnread) charts are a text - based char... |
State and territorial health departments report lyme disease cases to cdc as part of the national notifiable diseases surveillance system (1). Data on canine seroprevalence of b. burgdorferi antibodies were obtained from a 2009 publication by bowman et al . That reported results for 982,336 dogs tested throughout the u... |
Ordered aggregates of colloidal spheres of different sizes (from 50 nm to 2 m) and compositions (e.g., ps, sio2 among others) are employed in the construction of devices having different applications in nanotechnology . Films of colloidal spheres can be used e.g., as masks in imprint contact lithography, dry etching li... |
Children with central precocious puberty (cpp) prematurely develop pubertal pulsatile release of gonadotropin - releasing hormone (gnrh), leading to an increase in gonadotropin and sex steroid levels, development of secondary sexual characteristics, advancement of bone age (ba), and consequent reduction in adult height... |
The us department of health and human services has made addressing clinical trials of people with multiple chronic conditions (mcc) a priority . People with mcc take multiple medications, which are rarely tested together in a randomized clinical trial . In fact, these individuals are often excluded from trials as a mat... |
Seborrheic dermatitis (sd) is a common chronic erythematous scaly eruption usually seen in areas rich in sebaceous glands . Two main factors are the presence of a generous amount of epidermal lipids and colonization by malassezia species (lipophilic, usually non pathogenic yeast forms, a part of normal human cutaneous ... |
Transradial intervention (tri) is widely used for percutaneous coronary intervention (pci) due to lower risk of bleeding and complications . However, complications, such as potential radial artery occlusion (rao), could limit the use of forearm arteries as an access site for coronary interventions during postoperative ... |
Intravenous (iv) administration of iodinated contrast agents (icas) is frequently employed for image enhancement while performing computed tomography (ct), angiography and other radiographic studies . Adverse effects reported following iv administration of icas include nausea, vomiting, pain after injection, cutaneous ... |
Nontoxic nodular goiter is a benign thyroid enlargement that may cause neck discomfort, respiratory symptoms, or dysphagia and can lead to thyroid dysfunction [2, 3]. Hence, consuming the adequate amount of iodine should reduce nng risk, perhaps decreasing td incidence [4, 6]. Worldwide, long - term inadequate iodine i... |
Rheumatoid arthritis (ra) is an autoimmune chronic inflammatory disease characterised by persistent synovitis and progressive erosion of the cartilage and the bone in joints, in addition to the presence of autoantibodies like rheumatoid factor (rf) and anti - citrullinated protein / peptide antibodies (acpa). Left untr... |
The child described in the case history given below was followed during a prospective cohort study to look at the impact of the haemophilus influenzae type b conjugate vaccine (hibcv) and pneumococcal conjugate vaccines (pcvs) in children and their families living with hiv infection . This clinical summary underlines a... |
For years many physicians firmly believed that a hemoglobin of 10 g / dl and a hematocrit of 30% represented desirable goals in anemic patients, especially those undergoing surgical procedures and those with cardiac disease . Despite the paucity of objective data to support this contention, the so - called' 10/30 rule'... |
Type 2 diabetes (formerly called non - insulin - dependent or adult - onset) results from the body's ineffective use of insulin . There is an emerging global epidemic of diabetes that can be traced back to rapid increases in overweight, including obesity and physical inactivity . In 2012 diabetes was the direct cause o... |
Low levels of vitamin d, as measured by serum 25hydroxyvitamin d (25[oh]d), have been estimated to affect 1 billion people worldwide1 and are associated with increased risk of cardiovascular disease (cvd),2 including coronary heart disease (chd)3, 4 and heart failure (hf).5 suboptimal vitamin d status is thought to inf... |
The phenotypic screening of small - molecule libraries is a central component of academic and industrial programs aimed at pharmacologically perturbing and understanding biochemical pathways in living systems . The output of phenotypic screening can be new chemical probes for basic research and drugs for treating human... |
Traumatic brain injury (tbi) is a major cause of neurological disability in adults worldwide . Tbi is classified as mild, moderate, and severe according to the severity, and mild tbi has been reported in 75% to 85% of cases of tbi . Previous studies have reported that 80% to 100% of patients with tbi had some forms of ... |
Eleven subjects meeting the following enrollment criteria were recruited from the yale type 1 diabetes program and local advertising: age, 1530 years; clinical diagnosis of type 1 diabetes of at least 1 year s duration; current use of insulin pump therapy; a1c, <9%; bmi, <95th percentile for age and sex; normal hematoc... |
Infiltration of the nervous system by hematological malignancy, generally lymphoma, is termed as neurolymphomatosis (nl). It's mostly seen in b - cell lymphomas and rarely in t - cell lymphomas . Seventy - two cases of nl caused by nhl were identified in the most comprehensive review that was reported during a 28-year ... |
Since hirota et al . First described a mesenchymal tumor of the stomach with a c - kit mutation, gastrointestinal stromal tumor (gist) has become the most common mesenchymal tumor of the gastrointestinal tract . Gists can appear anywhere in the gastrointestinal tract, although they are most commonly found in the stomac... |
Noise is considered as one of these potential hazards and it is currently seen as a global health concern . Noise, which is defined loosely as annoying sounds, is part of the everyday human activity . Excessive noise beyond tolerated levels from all these sources is hazardous and could cause hearing impairment . This i... |
Intravesical instillation of bacillus calmette gurin (bcg) remains a first - line treatment for superficial transitional cell carcinoma of the bladder . Although its use is relatively safe, severe complications such as granulomatous hepatitis, osteomyelitis, pneumonitis, and sepsis occur in few patients . Complications... |
The introduction of positive end - expiratory pressure (peep) into the practice of mechanical ventilation in patients with acute respiratory distress syndrome (ards) was among the most important milestones in critical care therapy . However, despite the clear benefits of this therapeutic tool in improving severely comp... |
Three - dimensional (3d) cultures of the colon cancer cell lines colo-205 (cls cell lines service gmbh, heidelberg, germany) and ht29 (kind gift of prof . T. brabletz, erlangen, germany) were set - up as described previously, . In brief, 4-well chamber slides (bd biosciences) were coated with a thin layer of ice - cold... |
To find the relationship of periodontal status and dental caries status with oral health knowledge, attitude, behavior, among professional students in india . In a cross sectional study, a total of 825 students (males: 577, females: 248) from six professions were surveyed using a self administered structured questionna... |
P. aeruginosa is an opportunistic human pathogen characterized by an innate resistance to multiple antimicrobials . Often these infections are hard to treat due to the natural resistance of the species as well as to its remarkable ability of acquiring further mechanisms of resistance to multiple groups of antimicrobial... |
Sandflies - two colonies of phlebotomine sandflies housed at the national reference center for phlebotomine sandflies in maracay, venezuela, were used in the experiments . A lutzomyia pseudolongipalpis colony was established in 1991 with 420 females and 210 males captured in the small village of el brasilar, la rincona... |
Poorly differentiated metastatic prostate carcinoma to the axial skeleton and visceral organs is common (1), while metastasis to cerebral parenchyma is uncommon (0.63% of cases) and is associated with poor prognosis (2). A recent study found that dural prostate metastasis were more frequent (19.5%) than other cancers (... |
High myopia is a major cause of blindness in asia and europe and in some ethnic groups in the united states [14]. Choroidal neovascularization (cnv) is a major cause of high myopia - related vision loss that occurs in 4% to 11% of patients with high myopia, with most eyes progressing to 20/200 or worse within 5 to 10 y... |
Intermittent theta burst stimulation (itbs), high - frequency repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation (rtms), anodal transcranial direct current stimulation (tdcs), paired associative stimulation (pas), and now high - frequency random noise stimulation (trns) are all techniques implemented in order to induce susta... |
The incidence of age - related diseases or disorders increases with age and an increasing elderly population1 . Parkinson s disease is the most common and a progressive neurodegenerative disorder of the central nervous system which affects both motor and cognitive symptoms, next to alzheimer s disease . In particular, ... |
Corticobasal syndrome (cbs) has a heterogeneous clinical presentation with no specific pathologic substratum . Its accurate diagnosis is a challenge for neurologists; in order to establish cbs definitively, postmortem confirmation is required . Some clinical and radiological features can help to distinguish it from oth... |
The technique of temporomandibular joint (tmj) arthrocentesis and lavage described by nitzan et al1 is a simple means of releasing the stuck disc from the fossa by irrigation of the superior joint space under local anesthesia on an outpatient basis . Preliminary results of this procedure have been promising in effectiv... |
Molecular dynamics (md) is one of the most prominent techniques used to study the dynamics and equilibrium properties of biomolecules . It solves newton s equations of motion for all atoms, using force fields that account for bonded and nonbonded atomic interactions . These force fields have been parametrized to agree ... |
Few studies have been published regarding attention deficit and hyperactivity disorder (adhd) and child development in aboriginal children, and none of them has discussed autism spectrum disorder (asd) in aboriginal children . The australian longitudinal birth cohort study of urban aboriginal infants reported that 3-ye... |
Malaria is one of the most widespread infectious diseases of our time . According to the latest who estimates, there were about 219 million cases of malaria in 2010 and an estimated 660 000 deaths . Africa is the most affected continent: about 90% of all malaria deaths occur there . The last few years were marked by an... |
Parkinson s disease (pd) is the first or second most common neurodegenerative brain disorder after alzheimer s disease that affects the control of body movements (1, 2). First time pd was formally described in " an essay on the shaking palsy, " published in 1817 by a london physician named james parkinson (3). It is re... |
The cost of spinal cord injury (sci) is enormous emotionally, socially, and financially . The pathophysiology of the sci is a complex series of reactions of events, responses, and processes, affecting the nervous, vascular, and immune systems . Regardless of whether the spinal cord injury is complete or partial, aberra... |
The transforming growth factor - beta (tgf) and tgf-like molecules are members of a large superfamily of more than 40 secreted cytokines, including tgf, bone morphogenetic proteins (bmps), activins, nodal, lefty, myostatin, anti - mllerian hormone (amh), and growth differentiation factors (gdfs). These pleotropic cytok... |
Cardiac myxoma most often arises in the left atrium (85%), and rarely in the right atrium (10%) or the ventricles (5%). Although cardiac myxoma is histologically benign, it must be classified as a potentially fatal tumor because of possible embolic complications . We here report a case of a right atrial myxoma with a l... |
Unilateral ovariectomy (ulo) is a time honored procedure which has been useful in elucidating follicular kinetics in species as disparate as pigs, chickens, drosophila . Some of these species normally always ovulates from right ovary, but following its removal the left ovary takes over . These studies permit certain co... |
Ed crowding and congestion are increasingly common issues facing acute healthcare systems internationally and have been associated with negative patient and staff outcomes.1 associated with crowding, ambulance offload time (aot) delay (i.e. Extended time from ambulance arrival to ed to offload onto hospital stretcher, ... |
Small intestinal ischemia reperfusion (iir) injury occurs frequently in many clinical conditions, including bowel transplantation and liver transplantation, as well as all kinds of shock . Although the advanced treatments have been applied in clinical, the mortality associated with iir is still high . Mast cells are wi... |
Poor endothelial function (ef) predicts future cardiovascular events and is thought to be influenced by several behavioural risk factors for cardiovascular disease (cvd) including smoking, physical activity, obesity, and alcohol consumption . Thus, poor ef may mediate some of the risks for cvd created by these behaviou... |
Previous studies implicated the role of the immune system in the pathogenesis of a variety of neuropsychiatric disorders, including depression, dementia, and schizophrenia . Various immune parameters have also been investigated in some anxiety disorders such as posttraumatic stress disorder, panic disorder, social phob... |
Large- and small - vessel arteriopathy as well as atrial fibrillation are the prominent risk factors for cerebral stroke . However, besides other rare etiologies, occlusion of small brain arteries is very rarely caused by the malignant intravascular lymphoma, which was first described in 1959 as angioendotheliomatosis ... |
From october 13 through december 3, 2008, a total of 555 small mammals were trapped in morogoro, tanzania (6.84s, 37.65e). This period corresponds to the end of the dry season, when the density of m. natalensis mice is usually high (7). Sherman traps were set in habitats where these mice were expected to occur in high ... |
Compartment syndrome is a rare but devastating condition that can result in permanent neuromuscular injury, skin loss, and limb amputation1). It is most commonly associated with trauma, although cases of nontraumatic and iatrogenic origin are increasing2). There are many iatrogenic causes, including the use of a tourni... |
The association between silica exposure and autoimmune diseases has been well discussed [13]. A japanese kawara (ceramic roof tile) craftsman, who came to our hospital presenting with acute kidney injury and pulmonary haemorrhage, met the systemic lupus erythematosus (sle) and microscopic polyangiitis (mpa) criteria wi... |
Obesity, which results from the energy intake that is in excess of energy expenditure, is a major global health problem not only in developed nations (western world) but in low- and middle - income countries (less developed countries). White adipocytes are capable of storing excess energy as triacylglycerol (tg), and t... |
Mathematical modeling of biochemical network dynamics using ordinary differential equations (odes) has yielded impressive advances in our understanding of complex biological systems (1). When constructing an ode model, there is often a need to estimate kinetic rate constants based on time - series experimental measurem... |
Hemifacial spasm (hfs) is a clinical syndrome characterized by unilateral facial nerve dysfunction, such as intermittent painless, involuntary and spasmodic contractions of muscles . Hfs typically begins as spontaneous paroxysms of eye twitching, and progresses to involve other muscles innervated by the facial nerve27)... |
Biotin - thiamine responsive basal ganglia disease (btbgd) also referred to as thiamine metabolism dysfunction syndrome 2, is a rare, likely under diagnosed, autosomal recessive neurometabolic condition (omim 607483). It was first described by ozand et al . In 1998 as biotin responsive basal ganglia disease (bbgd) in p... |
Methanotrophs are distinguished from other microorganisms by their ability to utilize methane as their sole carbon and energy source, yet are physiologically and phylogenetically diverse, maintaining affiliations with the bacterial phyla -proteobacteria, -proteobacteria verrucomicrobia, and nc10, as well within the eur... |
In the diabetes prevention program (dpp), women with prediabetes and prior gestational diabetes mellitus (gdm) were 71% more likely to develop diabetes compared with women without prior gdm and one or more previous live births . Interestingly, intensive lifestyle intervention (ils) was equally effective at preventing p... |
T lymphocytes are critical to the adaptive immune system of all jawed vertebrates and can be classified into two main lineages based on the t - cell receptor (tcr) they use (rast et al . The majority of circulating human t cells are the t cell lineage which use a tcr composed of a heterodimer of and tcr chains . T cell... |
The most common gastrointestinal cancer, colorectal cancer (crc)1,2 accounts for almost 16 000 deaths in the uk per annum,3 making it the country's third most common cancer and the second most common cause of cancer - related death . Rare below the age of 50, the incidence of crc rises exponentially after 60 years.4 th... |
Torsion of the gallbladder is a rare condition . Since its initial description in 1898 (1), a 76 year old man presented to the emergency department with a six hour history of sudden onset of upper abdominal pain and vomiting . The pain was localised to the right upper quadrant, and was associated with several episodes ... |
In kidney transplantation, a positive complement - dependent lymphocytotoxic (cdc) crossmatch caused by antibodies directed against donor human leucocyte antigens (hla) often results in hyperacute rejection . However, hyperacute rejection of a transplanted liver is rare even when the recipient has circulating antibody ... |
The presence of fecal pollution in environmental waters poses a potential threat to human health all around the globe . While traditional fecal indicator bacteria such as escherichia coli are capable of detecting the presence of fecal contamination, they are unable to determine its origin . Understanding the sources of... |
Serous cystic neoplasms (scns) of the pancreas are rare exocrine pancreatic neoplasms, most of which are benign and usually do not communicate with the pancreatic duct . A pancreatic intraepithelial neoplasm (panin) is considered to be a precursor of ductal adenocarcinoma that is usually <5 mm in size and is microscopi... |
A diagram of the ras / raf / mek / erk pathway, showing the possible distinct functions for erk1 and erk2 . Erk1 appears to act antagonistically to erk2 to compete for mek, resulting in a dampening of erk2 signaling. |
The death of a rabid captive deer, an adult doe, was reported initially in august 2007 at farm a; during october 2007january 2008, three buck fawns from this farm also died of rabies (figure 2). In april 2008 and december 2009, two adult does died of rabies at farm b and farm c, respectively (figure 2). Lastly, during ... |
Baseball is one of the safest sports available for today s youth, with an estimated 46 million japanese people involved in this sport . However, many of the serious injuries observed in adult baseball pitchers may have begun to develop when they are youths1 . Older and shorter players, as well as those who lift weights... |
Walking is an essential movement and is the most frequently performed action by human beings1 . Racewalking is an olympic event, and the popularity of racewalking has increased steadily . Racewalking has not yet attracted large numbers of adolescents in china, but there appear to be indications that the event is growin... |
As part of a project characterizing the pathogen landscape among macaques and humans, we collected blood samples from nhps during 19992012 and stored them at 80c (10). We retrospectively screened samples from 734 macaques representing 13 species distributed throughout the animal s natural geographic range (table 1). St... |
Colorectal cancer (crc) is the third leading cause of cancer death in the united states, accounting for almost 9% of all cancer death in 2011 . This complex disease is characterized by a series of pathological stages with benign adenomas as intermediate precursors . The exact etiology of crc is still unknown, but curre... |
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