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Infantile systemic hyalinosis and juvenile hyaline fibromatosis are very rare hereditary disorders which usually occur in arabs and exceedingly rare in indians . Hyaline fibromatosis syndrome (hfs, online mendelian inheritance in man 228600) is a rare autosomal recessive condition characterized by deposition of amorpho... |
A choroidal hemangioma is an uncommon benign vascular tumor of the choroid that can be either circumscribed or diffuse . In our experience, diffuse choroidal hemangiomas in asian patients often require multiple photodynamic therapy (pdt) treatment sessions . Five sessions of pdt treatment were required over a period of... |
Parasitic infections which emerge in wildlife may have a significant effect on individuals and populations (mller, 2005). This is especially a critical issue in the conservation of threatened species (thompson et al ., 2010). Therefore, understanding the role of infectious and parasitic agents in wildlife populations, ... |
The high prevalence of child obesity remains a global public health concern . In response to the increasing number of overweight and obese children, government and non - government agencies in many countries have invested in programs that address modifiable factors (for example, diet, physical activity and screen time)... |
In patients with alzheimer's disease (ad), plaques comprised of aggregated -amyloid peptides (a) accumulate in specific areas of the brain as a consequence of the proteolytic processing of the single - pass transmembrane amyloid precursor protein (app). These a deposits trigger prolonged inflammation, neuronal death, a... |
Nocturia is defined as waking at night to void urine, and nocturia has been reported in 58 - 90% of people over 50 years of age, with the prevalence of nocturia increasing with age . This condition can significantly impair a patient's perception of their well being and often warrants treatment, especially when the pati... |
Human papillomavirus (hpv) is the main cause of cervical cancer, the third most common cancer in women . There is, however, growing evidence linking genital hpv infection to other anogenital cancers (anus, vulva, vagina, and penis) and head and neck cancers in both men and women [311]. Hpv is carried by both females an... |
As a vital neurotransmitter, acetylcholine (ach) activates ion channels and g protein coupled receptors (gpcrs) through its interactions with nicotinic and muscarinic (machr) acetylcholine receptors, respectively . Among the five machrs, subtypes 1, 4, and 5 (m1, m4, and m5) are most strongly associated with normal cen... |
Cell - matrix adhesion involves several processes including integrin binding, cell spreading, and flattening against the substrate . Cultured cells, that spread out on ligand coated surfaces, rearrange their cytoskeleton and begin to move . These focal complexes grow into mature focal contacts, also called focal adhesi... |
Gingival recession is one of the most common aesthetic and functional concerns associated with periodontal tissues . It is defined as the displacement of soft tissue margin apical to cemento enamel junction with exposure of root surface . Gingival recession is well documented in populations having a good standard of or... |
Therefore, the current dentistry, which must be based on scientific evidences, has been searching for alternatives and new techniques on a regular and evolutionary basis . Periodontics is a branch of dentistry that searches for solutions in the construction of the facial esthetics, in which the harmony between lips, te... |
Chest radiographs (cxrs) are routinely utilized to access changes in status of newborns and infants in the neonatal intensive care setting and often lead to changes in management . Differences in image interpretation have been attributed to multiple factors including differences in the interpreters knowledge base, expe... |
The sensation of pain accompanies the majority of human diseases, alerting the body to the presence of harmful stimuli . Pain may be modulated by a series of behavioral events, since, in addition to transmission of the stimulus that is causing the pain, the process also involves different emotional, environmental, and ... |
The calcium ion (ca) is a ubiquitous intracellular messenger during and immediately after an ischemic period, and it influences the cascade of events that lead to subsequent neuronal injury.1 under ischemic conditions, release of glutamate from the neurons and glia activates the n - methyl - d - aspartate (nmda) recept... |
Calciphylaxis is a rare disease entity first described by bryant and white in 1898 to characterize a syndrome exemplified by vascular calcifications with cutaneous necrosis . Attempts to shed light on its pathophysiology was undertaken by selye et al . In 1962 using a rat model to induce calcinosis through a series of ... |
The lifetime risk of urolithiasis is estimated to be between 5% and 12% in europe and the united states . Acute renal colic is commonly observed in emergency rooms and is usually described as an acute flank pain radiating to the groin . It is often caused by ureteral stones . Because up to 98% of ureteral calculi of <5... |
The incidence of urinary tract stone disease is increasing . According to the national health and nutrition examination survey, as of 2012, 10.6% of men and 7.1% of women in the united states are affected by renal stone disease, compared to just 6.3% of men and 4.1% of women that were affected in 1994 . Further, within... |
Shallow portions of major continental strike - slip faults are exposed to brittle deformation conditions . At crustal levels 34 km, kakirites (heitzmann, 1985) dominate such strike - slip faults, the porosity is therefore high, and vertical fluid flow is dominant resulting in fluid rock interaction and formation of fau... |
Purpureocillium lilacinum (thom) formerly paeciliomyces lilacinus (thom) is a non - melanized, ubiquitous, environmental, filamentous mold . Infection caused by this species, now referred to as purpureocilliosis, is sporadic and usually limited to immunosuppressed humans or animals . P. lilacinum has been most frequent... |
Amp v. myriad treats genetic material as a product of nature: the genome is a natural resource that scientists discover but do not invent . The genome clearly fits the definition of a natural resource: something that is found in nature and is necessary or useful to humans . By accepting this fact, the supreme court pos... |
To date, more than 50 million cancer survivors have been treated with radiotherapy worldwide.1) it is well documented that radiotherapy can induce a type of vascular disease, termed vasculopathy.2)3) in addition, it has become increasingly evident that cranial radiation therapy increases the risk of stroke for cancer s... |
During open - heart surgery, protamine is used after weaning the patient from cardiopulmonary bypass (cpb) in order to reverse the anticoagulation effects of heparin . However, protamine shows a wide spectrum of adverse effects, ranging from minimal cardiovascular deterioration to cardiovascular collapse, which can thr... |
A portion of the arterial pressure wave travelling towards the extremities is reflected back from peripheral impedance points . In healthy individuals, the reflected wave returns to the aorta during diastole . With age and in the presence of vascular disease, arterial compliance decreases, and the arteries become stiff... |
It allows the clinicians to better time gestation - specific antenatal screening tests, reduces erroneous labelling of pregnancies as very preterm, preterm, and small - for - gestational - age, and decreases the risk of inappropriate induction of labour [15]. In the first trimester, there is a very little biologic vari... |
It is estimated that 30 - 45% of the world s population complaint from sleep disorders[49] and its prevalence increases with age . It is predicted that the population of elderly reaches to 10 millions in iran by the year 2019 . It has shown that poor quality sleep is the third most common health problem of older adults... |
Have many perceived benefits, including increased accessibility and social connection, efficiency in the workplace, convenience, and improved safety . However, in recent years, there has been increasing public interest in the negative consequences of mobile phone use . In one saudi arabian study, 44.4% of participants ... |
Spinocerebellar ataxia type 3 (sca3) is one of nine polyglutamine expansion diseases and the most common dominantly inherited ataxia in the world . While certain symptoms in sca3 may respond to symptomatic therapy, there is still no effective treatment for this relentlessly progressive and fatal neurodegenerative disea... |
Gtpase of the immunity - associated protein family (gimaps), also termed immune - associated nucleotide - binding proteins (ians), are a relatively recently described, uncharacterized protein family of putative small gtpases conserved among vertebrates and higher plants [14]. The original publications describing the di... |
A 56-year - old male patient visited emergency room of our hospital with myalgia, chill and fever of 38.0c . He revealed intrahepatic ductal dilatation on the abdomen ct and positive antibody test for clonorchis sinensis . We conducted him brain mri which showed bitemporal signal change with enhancement and edema more ... |
The present study utilized an experimental design via pre - test and post - test in three groups . The participants were selected from the child psychiatry clinic of ibn - e - sina psychiatric hospital in mashhad using convenience sampling . This sample size was calculated using g power software version 3.1 with alpha ... |
In the 1950s, pulse - chase experiments using radioactive precursors showed that ~95% of the rna made in mammalian nuclei is degraded within minutes . At the time, no credible reason could be proposed for this astonishing turnover, and only later did we discover it results from the destruction of non - coding rnas and ... |
The 2,5-oligoadenylate (2 - 5a) synthetase (oas)/rnase l system is a uniquely regulated innate immune pathway that restricts viral infections (reviewed in reference 1). The interferon (ifn) inducible oas family of proteins include pathogen recognition receptors for viral double - stranded rna (dsrna) that synthesize 2 ... |
Markov modeling is frequently used to estimate the costs and consequences of two or more interventions for a specific condition.1 in these models, the consequence of each treatment is often estimated in terms of quality - adjusted life - years (qalys). In order to calculate the qalys accrued, the life years are weighte... |
It is a complex clinical syndrome that involves memory impairment, behavioral disorders, and personality changes1 . The main features of dementia are reduced cognitive ability, neurological and psychiatric symptoms, and functional disability2 . Alzheimer s disease (ad) has a similar clinical presentation to vascular de... |
Laparoscopic adrenalectomy, first reported by gagner et al, is the standard of care for management of adrenal diseases . Recent technological advances in the form of newer energy sources, such as ultrasonic shears and the vessel - sealing system, have made performance of such advanced laparoscopic surgical procedures s... |
Pollution has wide - ranging consequences, for health as well as in other sectors . Following a health impact assessment of particulate matter emissions, this study aims to quantify the labour market consequences of particulate emissions as part of a cost - benefit analysis of mitigation efforts . The costs include the... |
In the past decades, polymer solar cells have attracted more and more scientific attention due to their advantages, such as low cost, light weight, easy fabrication, and the possibility to fabricate flexible devices, compared with inorganic solar cells [1 - 5]. However, the limited dissociation of photoexcitation at we... |
Ten children with a clinical and/or radiologic evidence of white matter involvement were identified from a cohort of 46 pediatric patients, 18 years of age and younger, with a range of nmdar - abs associated neurologic syndromes . Between 2009 and 2013, patients were referred, based on clinician decision, from 6 pediat... |
The present paper focuses particularly on one of the simplest and most potent lysophospholipids, lysophosphatidic acid (lpa), and summarizes recent knowledge on its biological impact on human and ruminant reproduction . Lysophosphatidic acid is a simple phospholipid that exerts many physiological and pathological actio... |
In recent years, there has been considerable interest in the clinical significance of subthreshold depression (ie, the presence of clinically relevant depressive symptoms that do not meet the full criteria of a major depressive episode [mde]) in adolescence.1 subthreshold depressive symptoms among adolescents are highl... |
A 40-year - old man sought evaluation of a 4-year - history of perianal and perineal pain, including the testes and penis . In this patient, there was no notable history of trauma or disease . On mri and ct scans, which included the abdomen and pelvis, there were normal findings . At the time of admission, the patient ... |
Peristalsis is considered to be myogenic in origin, with neuro - hormonal factors playing only a modulatory role [14]. Three types of cells have been identified in the upper urinary tract: atypical and typical muscle cells and renal interstitial cells . The atypical smooth muscle cells, which are preferentially located... |
Colonoscopy is considered as one of the most commonly performed medical procedures and deemed to be safe . However, the complication rates are increasing as its use is growing due in part to the successful promotion of colorectal cancer screening and prevention guidelines . Post - colonoscopy, the incidence of colonic ... |
Taking into consideration all these aspects, in what follows we present a model of an individualized therapy, in a case of bipolar affective disorder . It is the case of a 44-year - old male patient, included in our psychiatric records in 1997, with the diagnosis bipolar affective disorder type i (manic - depressive ps... |
Transcription is the synthesis of an rna molecule complementary to the dna template by the action of several enzymes . Transcription, whether prokaryotic or eukaryotic, has three main sequential events such as initiation, elongation, and termination [1, 2]. Initiation is the most important step and involves the binding... |
Sigmoid diverticulosis has a prevalence of up to 60% in 70-year - old individuals, of whom 1025% may progress to diverticulitis and a further 1025% of these may develop complications such as abscess formation, perforation or fistulas . The mortality rate has been demonstrated to be 0.55% . The most common symptoms incl... |
Briefly, gst - tagged rat -arrestin1 in the pgex4 t vector was transformed into bl21(de3) cells, large scale expression cultures were grown in terrific broth, and induced with 1 mm iptg for 16 hr at 16 c . Cell pellets were lysed in 20 mm hepes ph 7.4, 150 mm nacl, 1 mm pmsf and 2 mm dtt using a micro fluidizer, and th... |
However, variations in the facial nerve have been reported and they increase the risk of facial nerve injury during parotid surgery . Herein, we report a unique case of a parotid tumor in conjunction with a facial nerve anomaly . Key pointswe report a new variation in the facial nerve pattern, and an unusual relationsh... |
Diabetes mellitus is one of the most common metabolic disorders in the world (1, 2). The number of patients with this disease is predicted to reach over 366 million people in 2030 (4). In recent years, increasing prevalence of diabetes mellitus as a chronic disease has prompted investigators to find ways to control it ... |
Biliary cast syndrome is defined as the presence of casts within the intra- and/or extrahepatic bile ducts, causing obstruction and cholangitis, eventually complicated by multiple strictures, ductal dilation, and/or liver microabscesses.1,2 this is an uncommon condition, but is more frequently described in liver transp... |
1,3-dichloro-2-propanol (dcp) is a member of the broad chemical class halohydrins . Dcp is a semivolatile liquid used in high volume as an intermediate in the production of epichlorohydrin (ech), 1,3-dichloropropene, and 1,2,3-trichloropropane . Workers may be exposed to 1,3-dcp via inhalation, dermal, or oral exposure... |
Organophosphorus ester pesticides (ops) are mainly used as agricultural and domestic insecticides, leading to increasing numbers of cases of toxic effects on humans and livestock . Ops poisoning can result in neurotoxicity, myocardial damage, microvascular dysfunction, cytotoxicity, respiratory failure, and functional ... |
The kindlins represent a class of focal adhesion proteins implicated in integrin activation . They comprise three evolutionarily conserved members, kindlin-1 (fermt,1, c20orf42, urp1; chromosome 20p12.3), kindlin-2 (fermt2, mig2, plekhc1, unc112,; chromosome 14q22.1) and kindlin-3 (fermt3, unc-112 related protein 2; ch... |
Dengue (den) fever is the most diagnosed traveler - related illness, with 390400 million cases / year worldwide1,2 and an incidence rate of ~2.5%5% of> 2 billion people at risk.3 however, only an estimated 3%8% of symptomatic travelers are den virus (denv)-positive via serological tests.4 infection with one denv seroty... |
Osteoporosis is characterized by low bone mass and microarchitectural deterioration of bone tissue, leading to increased bone fragility and a consequent increase in fracture risk . Consequently, noninvasive techniques for measuring bone mineral density (bmd) play an important role in the clinical diagnosis of osteoporo... |
Infectious and inflammatory processes, however, can induce new vessel growth causing corneal neovascularization, which leads to scarring, edema, and blindness . Corneal neovascularization affects an estimated 4.1% of all patients presenting to general ophthalmology offices in the us a meta - analysis has shown a signif... |
Recently, the use of ni - cr base metal alloys in fixed prosthesis tends to increase because of the continued inflation of gold price . Base metal alloy has various advantages such as higher yield and tensile strength and better resistance to creep, compared with noble alloys.1 - 3 however, base metal alloys also have ... |
Primary cardiac tumors are rare, and hemangiomas are believed to represent 1 - 10% of benign forms . Single casereports are described in literature depicting a heterogeneous pathology with significant clinical differences . Due to the rarity and the possibility of a silent clinical course we hereby report a case of rig... |
Thromboxane and adp, which are among the mediators of platelet activation and aggregation, play a key role in initiating and propagating coronary thrombosis and are raised during myocardial infarction . Simultaneous inhibition of both of these pathways with the combination of clopidogrel and aspirin produces greater an... |
On approval from ethical committee of adhiparasakthi dental college and hospital, the study was started . Photographs of five different subjects with matched teeth were made using the digital single - lens reflex camera under high resolution . Using adobe photoshop, version 7 (adobe systems inc ., san jose, ca, usa) co... |
Poly(vinylidene fluoride) (pvdf) is a partially crystalline linear hydrofluorocarbon polymer exhibiting extraordinary electrical properties, ranging from those of a typical dielectric polymer to those of a versatile ferroelectric material, as a consequence of its crystalline structure and the abundance of polymorphic p... |
In 1963, rowell et al . Described a distinctive subset of patients with lupus erythematosus (le) consisting of erythema multiforme - like skin lesions, anti - la (ss - b)/anti - ro (ss - a) antibodies, positive serum rheumatoid factor and a speckled pattern of antinuclear antibodies . Though its progression to acute le... |
Hav is a non - enveloped, linear, single - stranded rna virus (2, 3). The lack of a lipid envelop allows the virus to be thermostable and acid resistant and resist bile lysis, which facilitates efficient fecal - oral transmission (4). Thus, due to improvements in socioeconomic status, sanitation, accessibility to clean... |
Porokeratosis is a genetic disease transmitted as an autosomal dominant trait featuring abnormal epidermal keratinization, which is histologically characterized by the presence of cornoid lamella . Since then many variants of porokeratosis have been described, each with differing morphology, distribution, and clinical ... |
Medieval stained glass windows are part of our cultural heritage, but due to their permanent exposure to environmental conditions they have been damaged over centuries . To protect and conserve this valuable material, stained glass is made up of several components: network formers, stabilizers, modifiers, and coloring ... |
Valproic acid (vpa) has a clinical use as an anticonvulsant and mood - stabilizing drug, primarily in the treatment of epilepsy, bipolar disorder, and, less commonly, major depression . Hyperammonemia (ha) has been generally associated with liver failure or rare genetic mutations in enzymes participating in the urea cy... |
Central effect of carbohydrate (cho) on endurance performance (4, 6, 7, 12, 13, 16). This idea was first postulated when it was discovered that cho ingestion, during activity that is not limited by cho availability or oxidation rate, such as high intensity (e.g.> 70% vo2max) relatively short duration (up to 1 h) exerci... |
Increasingly, cardiac biomarkers have provided important information in predicting short - term and long - term risk profiles in patients with acute coronary syndromes (acs), particularly when they are used in combination . Among the numerous biomarkers, high - sensitivity c - reactive protein (hscrp) has received wide... |
A 39-year - old woman (height: 158 cm, body weight: 45 kg) had taken nifedipine per oral from the department of the internal medicine for six months . For last one month the dose of nifedipine was increased due to uncontrolled spasmodic pain in her left toes while her face flushing and headache worsened and she was ref... |
Latino immigrant women, particularly mexican women, are at increased risk for developing many preventable health conditions . This is due in part to limited access to healthcare and benefits, legal status, and limited income . While mexican women have traditionally migrated as a result of their families, their immigrat... |
There are more than 9 million new cases of tuberculosis every year worldwide, and incidence is declining at a rate of less than 1% per year . Nearly 2 million people die from tuberculosis every year, and the costs and social consequences of this disease are vast . This worldwide burden of tuberculosis has stimulated mu... |
Ulcerative colitis (uc) and crohn's disease (cd), the major forms of inflammatory bowel diseases (ibds) in humans, are chronic inflammatory disorders of the gastrointestinal tract . In uc, inflammation is restricted to the mucosa and extends proximally from the rectum to involve all or part of the colon . Cd is typical... |
A 42-year - old woman diagnosed with stage iv nsclc (adenocarcinoma) was admitted to our hospital in august 2013 and given an ap regimen (pemetrexed 500 mg / m on day 1, cisplatin 75 mg / m on days 1 to 3, repeated every 3 weeks) as initial chemotherapy on august 2nd, 2013 . Several days later, her egfr genetic test re... |
Several countries, such as chile (46.1 100,000 inhabitants), costa rica (41.2 100,000 inhabitants), ecuador (37.8 100,000 inhabitants), and peru (37.5 100,000 inhabitants) have a high rate, while other countries, such as paraguay (19.5 100,000 inhabitants), argentina (14.6 100,000 inhabitants), and mexico (13.1 100,000... |
Spinal manipulative therapy was defined by world health organization as includes all procedures where the hands or mechanical devices are used to mobilize, adjust, manipulate, apply traction, massage, stimulate, or otherwise influence the spine and paraspinal tissues with the aim of influencing the patient's health . C... |
Guajadials c - f (14), four sesquiterpenoid - based meroterpenoids with unprecedented skeletons were isolated from the leaves of psidium guajava . Their structures and relative configurations were established by extensive spectroscopic analysis . A possible biosynthetic pathway for 14 was also proposed . Supplementary ... |
Ashy dermatosis is a hypermelanotic disorder of the idiopathic variety characterized by bluish - grey macules in healthy individuals . It is a controversial entity and is sometimes considered as a variant of lichen planus . Etiology of ashy dermatosis is mostly unknown and it usually affects the face, arms, neck, and t... |
Birt - hogg - dub syndrome (bhds) is an inherited autosominal dominant genodermatosis that predisposes individuals to the development of fibrofolliculomas (ff), trichodiscomas (td), and acrochordons of the face, neck, and upper trunk (1). There is also an increased risk for lung cysts, spontaneous pneumothorax, and ren... |
A 52-year - old woman was referred to our department with a growing calcified mass in the left shoulder . She had been previously diagnosed with interstitial lung disease and progressive systemic sclerosis eight and five years prior, respectively . Four years before admission, chest computed tomography first revealed a... |
Pelvic radiation may be associated with an elevated risk of secondary bladder malignancies that may be seen as early as five years after exposure . Intravesical bcg therapy is a standard treatment for high - risk nonmuscle - invasive bladder cancer (nmibc) (clinical stages ta, tis, and t1). We have previously shown tha... |
Since 1983, as the leading cause of death, cancer has become a major public health concern in korea . Annually, over 190,000 patients are newly diagnosed with cancer in korea, and one out of four deaths is due to cancer . Although the cancer registration system in korea is very efficient and can provide nationwide canc... |
Although it can affect any one, it is more common in women, especially pregnant women and those who are taking contraceptives or hormone replacement therapy . Melasma is thought to be the stimulation of melanocytes to produce more melanin pigments when there is sun exposure . Melasma symptoms are dark, irregular well d... |
In a medicolegal case where aman has injured his knee at work, a physician (an orthopaedic surgeon) provides the following testimony: given the mechanical symptoms of catching and lock, his failure to progress with rest, a home exercise program and anti - inflammatories it is medically indicated to proceed with right k... |
Fast acquisition is an important issue in magnetic resonance imaging (mri) for avoiding physiological effects and reducing scanning time on patients . Unfortunately, accelerating acquisition by reducing k - space samples leads to noise amplification, blurred object edges, and aliasing artifacts in mr reconstructions . ... |
The traditional technique for indirect esthetic restorations consists of taking an impression of the tooth immediately after preparation, followed by the luting of a provisional restoration . After the indirect restoration fabrication, the provisional material is removed and an adhesive system is applied to the tooth a... |
Bioluminescence tomography (blt) is a rapidly growing field of research in optical molecular imaging, which allows for the visualization of normal and abnormal cellular processes in living subjects at the molecular or genetic level [14]. With blt, we seek to recover the spatial distribution of bioluminescent light sour... |
The advent of structural genomics initiatives has led to an increase in the number of protein 3d structures and hence there is a growing need for novel analysis tools (13). Maintenance of the various analysis programs on changing computer platforms is becoming a problem for many users . The protein tools page at icgeb ... |
The search for new techniques and modifications of already existing ones is gaining increasing attention . Progress in flap designing and harvesting have improved the functional and aesthetic results, especially in head and neck reconstruction . Surgical technique has shifted from simply obtaining flap survival and wou... |
In bisexual organisms with chromosomal sex determination, sex - linked genes occur in different dosages in the two sexes, and this dosage difference in genes not directly related to sex determination is compensated by a variety mechanisms, such as deactivation of one of x chromosomes in mammalian females (lyon 1988; st... |
Dendritic cells (dcs) have been found to be the pivotal antigen presenting cells (apcs) in regulation of immune response . Activation through the t cell receptor in the absence of costimulation is proposed to render responder t cells anergic or tolerant . The costimulatory signal is delivered through interactions betwe... |
Diffusion - weighted imaging (dwi) is increasingly regarded as a promising modality in breast lesion detection and characterization [14]. Adc values were demonstrated to be reduced in breast cancers compared to normal tissue and benign lesions due to the increased cellularity . Dwi is now regarded as a very useful adju... |
Methicillin - resistant staphylococcus aureus (mrsa) infections are associated with significant mortality and health care costs.1 in nearly all hospitals, mrsa has become one of the gram - positive bacterial species associated with serious hospital - acquired infections.29 the population of patients most vulnerable to ... |
According to the eau guidelines nephron - sparing surgery (nss) has a similar oncological outcome to that of radical surgery . However, nss is not suitable in some patients with localized renal cell carcinoma (rcc) because: 1) of locally advanced tumor growth, 2) partial resection is not technically feasible because th... |
Focal segmental glomerulosclerosis is the second most common cause of idiopathic nephrotic syndrome (ns) in adults . Kidney transplantation in patients with fsgs has a recurrence rate of 2040% after first transplant and up to 5080% in subsequent transplants . Plasmapheresis has been used as mainstay of therapy for recu... |
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