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Intestinal intussusception is relatively common in children, whereas in adults it is a rare clinical entity, which occurs most often secondary to a defined pathologic abnormality . Although surgical resection is recommended, there is still no consensus regarding optimal management of adult intussusception caused by int... |
Autosomal dominant polycystic kidney disease (adpkd) is associated with several extra - renal manifestations including coronary artery aneurysm and ectasia as well as cerebral aneurysms, hepatic and pancreatic cysts, cardiac valve disease, aortic root dilatation and colonic diverticulae [15]. Abnormalities in the polyc... |
Inhibition of estrous cycle in lactating rats mostly results from an inhibition of luteinizing hormone (lh) and gonadotropin releasing hormone (gnrh) secretion (2). Suckling is an important inhibitory cue of lh surge during the first 8 days of lactation in rats; separating pups from their dams restores lh secretion (3)... |
Chronic myeloid leukemia (cml) is a myeloproliferative disorder characterized by overproduction of immature and mature myeloid cells in the peripheral blood, bone marrow and spleen . In more than 90% of cases, the disease is diagnosed during the initial chronic phase (cml - cp), which is characterized by expansion of f... |
Preeclampsia is defined as increase in systolic blood pressure 140 mmhg or diastolic 90 mmhg and proteinuria 300 mg protein/24 hours urine and starts after 20 weeks of pregnancy . Eclampsia is the condition in which generalized seizure occur in the absence of other neurologic defects . Preeclampsia and eclampsia are am... |
Child bearing is one of the hazardous experiences that women engage in while bringing new life to this world . It is often associated with complications that may cause morbidities, disabilities, and mortalities . World health organization (who) estimates that more than half a million women lose their lives in the proce... |
Relapses included 8 episodes of myelitis, one episode of intractable hiccups, and one episode of postchiasmal visual pathway injury . Functional recovery was poor, and her expanded disability status scale score ranged from 7.5 to 8.0 (severely paraparetic, essentially restricted to a wheelchair much of the day, preserv... |
The pathogenesis of circumscribed palmar hypokeratosis (cph) is still controversial, and to date there is no treatment of choice . The clinical course and histopathological features in our observation point towards the possibility of an underlying squamous cell carcinoma in situ presenting as cph . We suggest that fluo... |
Developmental exposures to environmental chemicals have become an important public health concern because of their possible toxic impact on sensitive development and programming of organ functions (1). Unfortunately, the degree to which different persistent pollutants pass from the mother to the child is only partially... |
Corneolimbal epithelial progenitor / stem cells are a small subpopulation of oligopotent cells that are primarily located in the basal epithelial layer of the limbus . They produce undifferentiated progeny with limited proliferative potential that centripetally migrate from the periphery of the cornea to replace cells ... |
Beyond anecdotal, literary and even lyrical acknowledgments, a rapidly expanding corpus of scientific evidence supports a causal role for sleep in memory processing . This review aims to provide a synthesis of recent findings in humans, with a focus on hippocampal - dependent memory . Our goal is to extract consistent ... |
Pituitary adenylate cyclase activating polypeptide (pacap) is a neuropeptide with widespread occurrence in various organs and diverse effects both in the nervous system and in the periphery [1, 2]. Pacap is strongly expressed in the central nervous system, where it exerts several effects such that it is a central regul... |
Surface ligands determine, to a great extent, the biologically relevant functions of various nanosized particles . This is particularly important for drug delivery, where active ligands provide specific interactions to guide particles to the desired place in the body, and for biosensing, where moieties that recognize t... |
A 7-year - old female presented complaining of intermittent diplopia and blurred vision for 2 months . 1). However, variable degrees (10 to 30 prism diopters [pd]) of esodeviation and miotic pupils were evident only at near fixation (fig . Her esodeviation did not change with the addition of + 3.0 diopters (d) lenses .... |
Ophthalmoplegic migraine (om) is characterized by recurrent attacks of migrainous headache, associated with paresis of one or more ocular cranial nerves with absence of demonstrable intracranial lesions, other than magnetic resonance imaging (mri) of the brain changes within the affected nerve . From the recent observa... |
Obesity has become a huge burden worldwide . According to the 2013 korea national health and nutrition examination survey, one in three korean adults are obese and more than half are considered to be at least overweight, implying that korea is not an exception to this worldwide pandemic . Environmental factors such as ... |
Both environmental and genetic factors are well established to contribute to the pathogenesis of cardiovascular disease (cvd), a leading cause of death in persons with diabetes (1). A genome - wide association study identified rs10911021, a single nucelotide polymorphism (snp) upstream of the glutamate - ammonia ligase... |
After obtaining approval from the institutional ethical committee, a prospective, cross - sectional, questionnaire - based study was carried out at n. k. p. salve institute of medical sciences and research centre, nagpur, from january 2013 to june 2013 [iec / nkp sims-84/2013]. The study was conducted on 488 medical st... |
Tuberculosis (tb) is well known as an airborne infectious disease that is preventable and curable . People who are recently in contact with active tb patient are more likely to have latent tuberculosis infection (ltbi). The mycobacterium tuberculosis bacilli can remain dormant in the host body for a long period . In ge... |
In the past decade, vocal fold injection (vfi) has re - emerged as a valuable treatment modality for a variety of laryngeal disorders . Recent advances in injection materials have broadened the indications for this technique, while the increasing capabilities of endoscopic technology have increased the number of availa... |
However, thyroid nodules in children are only found in 3.7% of healthy children aged 1118 years old . Compared to adults, these nodules have an increased risk of being malignant (16% in children versus 5% in adults) [46]. Thyroid cancer in children is also unusual in that it often presents with advanced disease includi... |
Discovered by berzelius in 1817, selenium (se) belongs to the 16 group (formerly group 6a) in the periodic table, together with oxygen, sulfur, tellurium, and polonium (nogueira and rocha 2011). Initially, se was considered only as a toxic element, but for several decades it has been known as an essential trace element... |
Fracture healing of bone is a complex process affected by systemic, biological and mechanical factors, the combination of which can lead to successful and complete repair of a fracture, or deficiencies of which can cause delayed healing or even non - union . Angiogenesis is an important early phase of fracture healing,... |
Consistent with estimates throughout developed countries, the australian survey of disability, ageing and carers estimates that ~3% of the population has an intellectual disability, and for one third of that group that disability arose in childhood . Of this group who identify in the survey as having intellectual disab... |
Meningiomas account for approximately 30% of all primary intracranial tumors, and the majority are benign . The growth rate is variable in these tumors, and after radiographic diagnosis a large proportion of meningiomas frequently plateau in size and either stop growing or grow very slowly.1 asymptomatic solitary menin... |
Should any injury occur, long - term complications are less frequent nowadays . The risk of damage increases when the normal anatomy is altered by primary pathologic factors or when it is insufficiently identified during intraoperative complications, such as severe bleeding or pelvic adhesions . Urinary tract injury co... |
Sorcin (soluble resistance - related calcium binding protein) is a 21.6 kda protein identified in the cytosol of multidrug resistant cells that belongs to the penta - ef - hand (pef) family, a small group of regulatory calcium binding proteins comprising calpain, alg-2, grancalcin, peflin and pef1 [38]. It has a two - ... |
Ovarian cancer is the fifth leading cause of cancer - related mortality of women in the u.s ., with over 15 000 deaths per year . Early diagnosis is associated with improved overall survival; however, the majority of patients are currently diagnosed with advanced disease . The 5 year survival rate for late - stage ovar... |
Invasive cancer is among the leading causes of death worldwide, and rates are still increasing, due to ageing and changes in lifestyle . Cancer is a collective term for many diseases, rather than a single disease, with the common characteristic that tissue growth goes haywire . Patients who have undergone cancer treatm... |
Granulocytic sarcoma or extramedullary myeloid tumor (emmt) is an uncommon neoplasm of immature hematopoetic cells . These tumors are reported in 3.1 - 9.1% of patients with myeloblastic leukemia and occur concomitantly with, after, or rarely before the onset of leukemia . We report a case with multiple tumors involvin... |
Alopecia areata can affect any hair - bearing area . It is a lymphocyte cell - mediated inflammatory type of hair loss, although the exact pathogenesis is unclear . Phenol, also known as carbolic acid, is well known as an antiseptic agent . It is a bactericide (> 1%), fungicide (> 1.3%), and a local anaesthetic . At co... |
Headache is one of the most common complaints during medical curriculum and it occurs due to numerous psychological and physical stressors, which are more common in medical students than general population . Frequent and severe headache have a major impact on academic performance and quality of life, and may bring abou... |
The diagnosis of occult gastrointestinal bleeding of obscure origin is one of the most vexing problems confronting physicians . Despite impressive technological advances during the last 30 years, the management of bleeding from the lower gastrointestinal tract remains a diagnostic and therapeutic challenge . Although a... |
Retinal vein occlusion (rvo) is a multifactorial microvascular vitreoretinal eye disease, with complex mechanical, hemodynamic, and rheological shear stress, coagulation, as well as biochemical and immunological factors involved in its pathogenesis . Regarding the pathogenesis of rvo, various proinflammatory cytokines ... |
Selective logging is the dominant commercial activity in forested areas of the tropics with strong conservation potential (frumhoff, 1995; struhsaker, 1997). This potential is arguably strongest in central africa, where a combination of weak communications and infrastructure, lack of logistics systems, and high transpo... |
Conventional biomedicine is giving way to an expanded, integrative medical model that emphasizes healthcare as well as illness care, treats people not just diseases, and incorporates multiple therapeutic approaches, old and new, to offer patients greater choice . This emerging model questions the dominant biomedical pa... |
Although type 2 diabetes is typically associated with excess weight, the prevalence among normal weight individuals has increased over the past decade (8) to 1020% of individuals with diabetes (8,9). A number of studies suggested that normal weight individuals have increased mortality risk compared with overweight or o... |
Psoriasis is a chronic genetically determined and immunomediated inflammatory skin disease that affect approximately 2% of the population . In its typical form, psoriasis results in patches of thick, red skin covered with silvery scales.1 psoriatic arthritis is an inflammatory rheumatic joint disease associated with ps... |
The rna molecule, once perceived as a passive carrier of genetic material from dna, has long been shown to possess an active role that is reminiscent to proteins . Moreover, in the past several years, new discoveries have demonstrated the peculiar possibilities of an rna molecule to control fundamental processes in liv... |
Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (nafld) is a pathological condition that encompasses a wide spectrum of liver damage, ranging from simple steatosis to nonalcoholic steatohepatitis (nash), cirrhosis, and hepatocellular carcinoma . The pathogenesis of nafld is multifactorial and is characterized by overweight and insuli... |
Nuts are rich in unsaturated fats, fibre, minerals, vitamins, and phytonutrients [15]. Regular consumption of nuts has been associated with reductions in blood cholesterol concentrations and the risk of cvd [611]. However, nuts are energy - dense, high - fat foods, meaning that they contain high amounts of energy per u... |
The ras has an important role in the control of body fluid, electrolyte balance and arterial pressure . Estrogen activates the synthesis of the rennin substrate angiotensinogen and it inhibits plasma renin activity . It is reported that estrogen administration in ovarectomised rats is caused upregulation of angiotensin... |
Catalysis at the nanoscale has attracted significant attention in the past two decades due to the unique properties of materials that arise at the nanoscale . Following the discovery by valden et al . Of catalytically active gold nanoclusters, gold, in particular, has become the basis for novel catalysts due to its act... |
Recurrent abdominal pain (rap) is common among children, leading to absence from school and impaired quality of life . A recent systemic review, including studies with a variety of definitions for rap, found a prevalence as high as 19% in children . The rome iii diagnostic criteria established a uniform method of class... |
Skeletal muscles are innervated by sensory neurons that provide the central nervous system with important information about the muscle environment . Muscle spindles are highly specialized encapsulated structures composed of intrafusal muscle fibers that are located in parallel with extrafusal muscle fibers . Spindles a... |
The human growth hormone (hgh) is a ~22 kda polypeptide synthesized and stored by somatotroph cells within the anterior pituitary gland . It acts either directly or indirectly on various tissues and physiological systems such as longitudinal bone, skeletal muscle, liver, total body nitrogen balance, and so on . Express... |
Ectodermal dysplasia (ed) are group of inherited disorders involving the developmental defects of ectodermal structure with an incidence of 1 in 1,00,000 live births . This group of inheritable disorders are characterized by an abnormality of two or more structures derived from ectoderm such as the hair, teeth, nails, ... |
Zolpidem, a nonbenzodiazepine hypnotic which binds to the benzodiazepine binding site on the gamma - aminobutyric acid type a (gaba - a) receptors, was introduced in europe in 1986, then in france in 1987 (stilnox) and in united stated of america (usa) in 1993 for treatment of insomnia . Metabolism of zolpidem mediated... |
B - cell chronic lymphocytic leukemia (cll) is the most common adult leukemia in the western world . Cll cells express 1 or more b cell associated antigens, generally cd19, cd20 and cd23 with coexpression of cd5, a t cell marker [1, 2]. Fluorescent in situ hybridization (fish) for specific karyotypic markers and polyme... |
An adrenal incidentaloma (ai) is defined as an adrenal lesion that is discovered when a radiological study is performed for indications other than suspected adrenal disease . All patients with an ai should be evaluated for hypercortisolism, pheochromocytoma and (if hypertensive) hyperaldosteronism . A combination of ph... |
An arterio - venous malformation (avm) is an abnormal fistulous connection between the feeding arteries and draining veins, without an intervening capillary bed within the subcutaneous layer . Its management is difficult because of its complex vascular anatomy, high - shunt flow (in high - flow avm), intracranial conne... |
Spontaneous rupture of the rectum is a rare occurrence with less than seventy cases being reported in literature . This has to be differentiated from rectal perforations which occur due to underlying pathology or direct rectal trauma . A spontaneous rupture of the rectum is defined as a rectal perforation in the absenc... |
(see related articles by basile and lomonte . A neglected issue in dialysis practice: haemodialysate. |
The cultivation of the apple (malus domestica) for human consumption dates back centuries, and apples are now estimated to be the third most commonly consumed fruit, after bananas and citrus . Epidemiological studies have related the ingestion of one apple or more a day to the prevention of pulmonary and colon cancers,... |
Human immunodeficiency virus (hiv) infection is a major public health challenge in europe . Nearly 29,381 new diagnoses of hiv are reported yearly for european countries and the european economic area member states, with a rate of 5.8 diagnoses per 100,000 inhabitants.1 in italy, an incidence of 6.5 new diagnoses of hi... |
A multidisciplinary group developed the strega statement by using literature review, workshop presentations and discussion, and iterative electronic correspondence after the workshop . Thirty - three of 74 invitees participated in the strega workshop in ottawa, ontario, canada, in june, 2006 . Participants included epi... |
A benefit of lifetime methods is that they are independent of dye concentration; however, they often require specialized and more costly instrumentation . Intensity - based methods are compatible with common fluorescence detection techniques, even standard digital cameras, but they often require calibration of local dy... |
Hip or knee dislocations are usually treated as a surgical emergency, but ipsilateral hip and knee dislocation should be considered a dual emergency that must be addressed immediately and reduced at the earliest . We present here the sequence of events and the final functional outcome of one such rare injury manages by... |
Acute kidney injury (aki) is a common complication after cardiac surgery, with reported incidences between 8.9% and 39% as well as mortality of 3.8% to 54.4%, and even slight renal function changes were reported to affect short and longterm outcome after cardiac surgery.1, 2, 3 because early prediction in those patient... |
Between january 2006 and december 2009, a total of 50 consecutive patients fulfilling the inclusion criteria were included in a randomized controlled trial (fig . 1). Fully edentulous patients, referred to the department of oral and maxillofacial surgery (university medical center groningen, the netherlands), suffering... |
N - acetylaspartate (naa) is considered to be the marker of neuron dysfunction and/or loss.13 akin to the level of creatine (cr) plus phosphocreatine and some other brain metabolites, the naa level can be determined using in vivo proton magnetic resonance spectroscopy (h mrs). Upon the cessation of an adverse impact or... |
Local excision (le) techniques for rectal cancer are appealing due to their lower perioperative morbidity and mortality rates and better functional outcomes compared with standard transabdominal resection . However, le with curative intent is currently recommended for strictly selected t1 rectal cancers with favorable ... |
Internal limiting membrane (ilm), the basement membrane of retinal mller cells, is the structural interface between the vitreous and retina . Histologically, ilm tissues isolated from patients with macular holes (mhs) revealed amorphous linear structure in which glial cells, hyalocytes, and myofibroblast - like cells c... |
Kikuchi fujimoto disease (kfd), or histiocytic necrotizing lymphadenitis, is an infrequent idiopathic disorder.1 it is usually a self - limited condition with a good prognosis because it has a low complication rate.2 it mainly affects young women.3 the most common clinical symptoms are fever and laboratory finding of c... |
There is rising incidence of noncommunicable diseases like diabetes, hypertension, and coronary heart diseases globally [13]. Increased risk of impaired glucose tolerance, insulin resistance, and type 2 diabetes (t2 dm) has been found to be associated with obesity in adolescents . The american academy of paediatrics an... |
Iran, a country with a population of about 75 millions, is one of the most populated countries of the middle east . Due to substantial investments by the government of iran on health care system in past decades iran ministry of health (moh) is the responsible body for providing and regulating health care services for t... |
Classically, copd is defined as chronic progressive airflow limitation that is partially reversible and causes significant extrapulmonary effects, culminating in a reduction in the functional capacity, social interaction, and well - being of the patients, negatively affecting their health - related quality of life (hrq... |
A 2-year - old female grauer s gorilla, confiscated from poachers in goma, democratic republic of the congo, in november 2005, was group - housed in a facility with 6 other juvenile grauer s gorillas and 1 juvenile mountain gorilla (g.b . All gorillas had daily direct contact with one another and with human caretakers ... |
Every government has the responsibility to provide access to the safe, effective and quality medication to its people . Therefore it enacts specific laws to regulate every aspect of the drugs i.e., manufacture, sale, distribution, import and clinical research in humans . These regulatory measures are dynamic and ever e... |
Endocardial fibroelastosis (efe) is a disorder of fetuses and infants of unclear etiology that is characterized by deposition of collagen and elastin, and that leads to ventricular hypertrophy and diffuse endocardial thickening.1) however, a recent study has shown that even in adult heart recipients, efe is a relativel... |
Plasma cell gingivitis (pgc) is a rare disease of gingival tissues which is difficult to treat . It has a higher rate of reoccurrence and needs a detailed and careful analysis of etiology . Further, its association with chelitis is rare, only few cases have been reported and the condition with this presentation poses a... |
Mortality of liver trauma has considerably decreased due to improvement in the diagnostic and therapeutic strategy of such patients with current mortality fluctuating around 10% depending upon type and grade of injury . Over the last several decades, non - operative management (nom) of blunt hepatic injuries has been d... |
According to the recently published guidelines for the treatment of head and neck cancer all patients with t1-t2 laryngeal cancer should be treated, at least initially, with the intent of larynx preservation . The recommended strategies for early glottic cancer (gc) with the intent of larynx preservation are radiothera... |
The growth of keratinocytes in the epidermis is regulated by a delicate balance between molecules that control cell survival and cell death . If this regulation is disturbed, epithelial cells may become pathological hyperproliferative lesions, such as cholesteatoma . The molecular and cellular processes resulting in th... |
The online version of this article (doi:10.1007/s11626 - 008 - 9162 - 5) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users . Pbx1 is a tale (three amino acid loop extension) family non - hox homeodomain transcription factor involved in the execution of multiple developmental programs of gene expre... |
Erythropoietin (epo) and other erythropoiesis stimulating agents (esas) are the main stay for the treatment of anaemia of chronic kidney disease (ckd). The main limitation of epo use in developing countries is cost, making it unavailable to most patients [1, 2]. Androgens which are relatively cheap were used in the tre... |
Congestive heart failure (chf) remains a major health problem worldwide, despite considerable progress in its management . The incidence and prevalence of this disease continues to increase due to an aging population, which, in part, is related to the use of new pharmacologic and non pharmacologic therapies . An estima... |
Human ability to independently move the upper extremity is the result of the combined movement of many musculoskeletal structures and of the increased freedom of movement allowed by the necessary decreased stability1, 2 . The shoulder girdle is the main link of the upper extremity to the trunk, and it plays an importan... |
Digoxin is widely used in the treatment of various heart conditions, namely artial fibrillation, artial flutter and sometimes heart failure that cannot be controlled by other medication (chao et al ., 1992). Several epidemiological studies indicated that breast cancer cells obtained from women on digitalis therapy (for... |
Single excitation configuration interaction (cis),(1) time - dependent hartree fock (tdhf), and linear response time - dependent density functional theory (tddft) are widely used for ab initio calculations of electronic excited states of large molecules (more than 50 atoms, thousands of basis functions) because these s... |
Research in the authors laboratory is supported by funding from the association for international cancer research, the associazione italiana ricerca sul cancro, fondazione cariplo, fondazione telethon, and the italian ministry of health. |
Prostate cancer is the second most common cancer among men and the second leading cause of cancer- related death in men in the united states . Most prostate cancers (93%) are found when the disease is confined to the prostate and nearby organs, is indolent, and has a good prognosis . However, the 5-year survival rate s... |
Calcium hydroxide has been widely accepted as the most frequently used intra - canal medicament owning to its antimicrobial properties, inhibition of osteoclast activities and favorable tissue repair response . All interappointment dressing placed inside the root canal have shown that remnant calcium hydroxide hinder t... |
Oral health is an essential and vital component of overall health and is much more than just healthy teeth . Despite adequate advancements in global oral health, problems still persist in many communities around the world, particularly among the underprivileged . However, the dietary changes in the 18 century, primaril... |
Down s syndrome (ds) or trisomy 21 is the most common form of intellectual disability with an overall prevalence of 1.42/1000 that increases significantly with maternal age (bray et al ., 1998). Immunological abnormalities like functional impairments in fagocytes with low chemotactic ability as well as the depressed pr... |
Generally, the majority of patients with acute ischemic stroke (ais) tends to improve about 23 days after symptom onset . However, 5% to 40% patients have a chance of neurologic deterioration, so - called early neurological deterioration (end), regardless of the definition used end27). Major causes of end include sympt... |
An 86-year - old filipino man presented to the emergency room for dyspnea at rest . His shortness of breath had worsened over the previous 2 days, and was associated with substernal dull chest pain and hemoptysis . Patient also reported a decrease in urine output and bilateral ankle swelling that had been worsening ove... |
Research has previously demonstrated an inverse association between smoking status and physical activity (pa). Less research, however, has examined the specific association between nicotine dependence and pa, which is worth considering as individuals with greater nicotine dependence often have worse health outcomes (e.... |
Polymorphonuclear leukocytes (pmns) play an important role in host defense against microbial infections . The microbicidal mechanism consists of phagocytosis of pathogens, production and subsequent release of reactive oxygen species (ros) and bactericidal proteins to phagosomes . The process involves activation of nadp... |
Proton pump inhibitors (ppis), which irreversibly inhibit gastric acid pump (h + /k + atpase) function are the most potent gastric acid - suppressing agents in clinical use . Ppis are widely used for prevention and treatment of various acid - related diseases including gastrointestinal reflux disease (gerd), duodenal u... |
Leptomeningeal carcinomatosis results from dissemination of malignant cells to leptomeninges and can be observed in about 5% of patients with malignancies, but it is likely to become more frequent with the increase of life expectancy in cancer patients . Neoplastic cells may spread to the subarachnoid space through (1)... |
Many post - zygotic reproductive barrier forms have been reported in plants: hybrid weakness, hybrid necrosis, and hybrid chlorosis . The latter has been observed often in the f1 generation from crosses among wheat (triticum aestivum l.) and its relatives [26]. Research for distribution of these genes contributed great... |
To understand early events leading to the replacement of giii viruses by gi viruses in jev - endemic areas, we conducted virologic surveillance using mosquitoes and pig serum specimens collected from pig farms in multiple counties in taiwan during the 2009 and 2010 transmission seasons . Eight pig farms were selected a... |
It is well known that full abo - identical grafts have a statistically significant survival advantage.1 nevertheless, due to the shortage of deceased donor liver grafts, minor abo - incompatible liver transplantations are commonly performed . Minor abo - incompatibility can be described by the presence of anti - a and/... |
Osteoarthritis (oa) is a degenerative joint disease characterized by articular cartilage degradation, subchondral bone thickening, and osteophyte formation.1, 2 cartilage cellularity is reduced in oa through chondrocyte death, in which chondrocytes are stimulated by cytokines and growth factors to undergo catabolic and... |
Patients with type 2 diabetes are at high risk of developing cardiovascular diseases, which are also the most common causes of death in these patients . In type 2 diabetes, the prevalence of hypertension is higher than the general population, and hypertension associated with diabetes increases the incidence of cardiova... |
The median survival rate reported for surgically treated patients with brain metastases from melanoma ranges from 5 to 22 months . The most significant factor influencing the survival of patients with brain metastases is the number of their cerebral metastases . Surgical treatment of multiple brain metastases is only c... |
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