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The available evidence suggests that a sizable proportion of undergraduate health sciences students lack good study skills and habits, and that introducing a study skills program could significantly improve students confidence and academic achievement . The undergraduate pharmacy degree programs of the university of za... |
Establish a database of ent, audiology, and speech therapy services in sub - saharan africa.create an awareness in the first world about the status of these services.plan and promote effective, targeted support for these services.gather data to lobby african governments, donor countries, and aid organizations.determine... |
The online version of this article (doi:10.1007/s12576 - 014 - 0350 - 7) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users . After muscle injury or change of use, repair starts with an initial acute inflammatory response (typically from 0 to 48 h) followed by a repair and regeneration phase, typic... |
Biomarkers are molecules that represent a pathological signature that is easily identified and quantified for a particular disease or disorder . In recent years biomarkers have proven essential in identifying individuals at risk for disease, tracking disease progression, and selection of therapeutic intervention . Desp... |
Pancreatic cancer is a common gastrointestinal cancer, and the incidence and mortality has been increasing in recent years . In the usa, it has been the fourth leading cause of death . In 2009, approximately 42 000 new patients were diagnosed, and 35 000 americans died of pancreatic cancer . . Early diagnosis is diffic... |
Acquired pure red cell aplasia (prca) is a rare, generally chronic condition of profound anemia characterized by a severe reduction in the number of reticulocytes in the peripheral blood and the virtual absence of erythroid precursors in the bone marrow . These include: drugs - phenytoin, trimethoprim, zidovudine, chlo... |
Magnetic resonance myelography (mrm) has been developed to evaluate the spinal subarachnoid space non - invasively . In addition, advantages of mrm as compared to conventional or computed tomography (ct) myelography are that it does not involve the use of intrathecal contrast or radiation. [14] on the heavily t2-weight... |
Enzymes of the eukaryotic protein kinase superfamily phosphorylate serine, threonine or tyrosine residues in proteins . Protein kinases and their substrates form complex networks that regulate essentially every eukaryotic cellular process (1). Defects in phosphorylation networks result in numerous disease states, makin... |
Ret (rearranged during transfection) encodes a membrane receptor tyrosine kinase (rtk) composed of four extracellular cadherin - like motifs and a cysteine - rich region, a transmembrane portion, and an intracellular domain with tyrosine kinase activity . The ret signaling pathways are outlined in (figure 1). Ret signa... |
Bile duct cancer has been associated with a poor prognosis; node metastasis is a particularly important poor prognostic factor [16]. Despite advances in the diagnosis and treatment of cholangiocarcinoma, such as endoscopic biliary drainage, surgical procedures, and chemotherapy, long - term outcomes several reports of ... |
The estimated prevalence has been reported from 16.8% to 58%.15 frequent drooling may cause skin maceration and infection, body fluid loss, and recurrent pneumonia.6,7 at school and at home, children with salivary secretions may cause damage to books, teaching materials and furniture, and it even interferes with social... |
This study was conducted under the ethical guidelines for medical and health research involving human subjects by the health, labor and welfare ministry of japan (http://www.mhlw.go.jp/stf/seisakunitsuite/bunya/hokabunya/kenkyujigyou/i-kenkyu/). According to number 6 (omission of procedures concerning informed consent,... |
The transamidase complex catalyzes the glycosylphosphatidylinositol (gpi) lipid anchor attachment to substrate proteins of eukaryotes in the lumen of the endoplasmic reticulum (er). It remains one of the poorly understood macromolecular machines, both with regard to the molecular function of its many subunits, as well ... |
Stage iiia endometrial cancer represents a wide range of tumor involvement, including the uterine serosa, adnexa, parametria, and peritoneal space, based on the staging system of the international federation of gynecology and obstetrics (figo) in 1988 [1 - 3]. In addition, the heterogeneity of histology, such as papill... |
Hydatid disease (hd), which is caused by echinococcus granulosus, is a common parasitic infestation especially in endemic regions such as the middle east, mediterranean, and south american countries . Even though it mainly involves the liver, it has been reported in nearly all parts of the body . The incidence of the s... |
Regional odontodysplasia (ro) is a rare developmental dental anomaly that involves ectoderm and mesoderm derived tissues . The prevalence of this condition is still not clear since the studies reported till date have mainly been based on case reports . Although several factors such as local trauma, infection, ischemia,... |
Genomic instability, a key hallmark of cancer, is driven in part by oncogene - induced dna replication stress (drs). Specifically, in cancer cells, activated oncogenes induce dissociation of the replication machinery from the dna fork (fork collapse), formation of dna double - strand breaks (dsbs), and genomic instabil... |
Boronic acids and their derivatives are versatile reagents in modern organic synthesis, and the hydroboration reaction is a well - established method for generating these building blocks through the addition of b first described by hurd in 1948 and later developed in detail by brown, this reaction has inspired many cat... |
With the rising proportion of older adults and increases in life expectancy, there has been increased interest in maintaining and promoting cognitive health in later life . Although declines in some domains of cognition are part of the natural course of aging [2, 3], sufficient evidence from prospective and observation... |
Israel s center for disease control seasonal influenza surveillance system operated throughout our 5-year study . The system is based primarily on 1) anonymous patient visits for influenza - like illnesses (ili) to maccabi community clinics, israel s second largest health maintenance organization, insuring 1 of every 4... |
With the enactment of section 2991 of the social security amendments of 1972 (public law 92 - 603), full medicare coverage was extended to persons with end stage renal disease (esrd), effective july 1, 1973 . To be eligible for medicare esrd benefits, the patient must first be currently or fully insured, be eligible fo... |
The online version of this article (doi:10.1007/s00125 - 010 - 1741 - 9) contains a list of members of adag study group, which is available to authorised users . Current understanding of normoglycaemia is largely based on studies of populations without diabetes, often with a small number of glucose measurements per ind... |
Nowadays, with technological advances in medicine, the use of invasive procedures and injections in patients has expanded . As a result, health care staffs are exposed to a high risk of blood - borne pathogens (1). Needle stick injury (nsi) is one of the most dangerous occupational situations (2). Among 20 types of blo... |
Ultracold polar molecules are attracting considerable attention, and their investigation will extend our knowledge on the physics of ultracold quantum gases into new regimes . A very interesting class of molecules in this regard is represented by mixed alkali alkaline earth (ak ake) molecules with both electric and mag... |
The purposes of this study were to determine the normal retinal microvasculature measurements in human infants who are born at term and to determine whether birth weight influences measurements of retinal microvasculature . Retinal arteriole and venule measurements were obtained in a cohort of 24 infants who were born ... |
The possibility of controlling the motion of a robotic arm by mere thought, as suggested by popular media since the advent of brain - machine interfaces (bmis), has captured the imagination of fiction writers and science journalists . But is mind control a reasonable or even a desirable practical goal for the future of... |
Gardner and richard in their landmark article described a syndrome consisting of hereditary intestinal polyposis, with osteomas and multiple cutaneous and subcutaneous lesions . After that other dental findings, skin and soft - tissue tumors have been added in the description of this syndrome . The documented frequency... |
Severe alpha 1-antitrypsin (aat) deficiency (pizz) is an autosomal, codominant, hereditary disorder characterized by low aat levels in the serum and lungs . The main function of aat is to inhibit neutrophil elastase and other serine proteases, including proteinase-3 and plasmin activator.1 this genetic defect results i... |
A 9-year - old female patient reported complaining of pain in the upper front tooth since 3 days . There was a history of trauma to the same tooth due to fall about 4 days back . On clinical examination, periapical radiograph showed incomplete root formation with wide open apices for the same tooth [figure 1]. The work... |
A literature search using relevant terms such as zn and animal feed, bacteria, (antibiotic resistance or antimicrobial resistance), requirement, bioavailability using the advanced search builder provided by pubmed (www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed) or web of science was performed . A similar search using the same terms, but... |
Study population and sample preparation: one hundred and 24 human subjects were included in the dog - contact risk factor group . In detail, the dog - contact risk factor group was composed of 41 dog owners and 43 veterinarians who regularly contact dogs . In this group, 12 veterinarians who were themselves dog owners ... |
The search for an ideal restorative material is a challenge for which dentistry has yet to find a solution . Thus, for each individual clinical situation, dentists must consider certain properties in order to identify the most suitable material . Such properties include biocompatibility, adhesion to the dental structur... |
This manifestation, widely known as post - operative cognitive dysfunction (pocd), is characterized by disordered thinking and impaired consciousness with later onset and fluctuating course [24]. Pocd, as mentioned above, is common in elderly patients, and probably has a pathogenesis similar to that of ad and may even ... |
In the mid-1970s, acute myocardial infarction (ami) was identified as being the result of a ruptured atherosclerotic plaque, causing thrombosis and occlusion of the coronary artery . Randomized trials have indicated that primary percutaneous coronary intervention (ppci) during the early hours of ami offers certain adva... |
Endodontic irrigants should have, amongst other properties, a broad antimicrobial spectrum of activity against anaerobic and facultative micro - organisms growing in biofilms and a relative absence of toxicity against periapical tissues and oral mucosa . Sodium hypochlorite (naocl) is recommended as the main root canal... |
Pediatric cerebral aneurysms are rare . According to a recent review by rao et al ., these aneurysms constitute 2.9% of all cerebral aneurysms . Incidence of these aneurysms in pediatric patients is more in the posterior circulation than in the anterior, when compared to the aneurysms in adults . Lasjunias et al ., in ... |
Long chain polyunsaturated fatty acids (lcpufa) including docosahexaenoic acid (dha) and arachidonic acid (ara), are essential for normal growth, vision, neurodevelopment and overall health . In utero lcpufa accretion occurs primarily during the last trimester of pregnancy, when maternal levels are high and growth and ... |
The laser radiation produces many different effects depending on light - beam parameters as well as the tissues that are subjected to irradiation . Despite documented therapeutic effect of low - level laser therapy (lllt), there is still much controversy and scientific debate over its effectiveness [13]. The variety of... |
The extraction of impacted third molars, which may be prophylactic or therapeutic, is one of the most frequently performed operative procedures in oral and maxillofacial surgery.12 surgical extraction of impacted third molars inevitably results in trauma to soft and hard tissues; consequently, significant pain, swellin... |
Penaeid prawns are important subjects of mariculture and coastal fisheries activities throughout the tropics and subtropics [13]. Traditionally, prawn farms located near the coast used directly coastal seawater to rear the prawns without additional processes . Shrimp culture is therefore potentially affected by anthrop... |
The multiple myeloma is a hematological malignancy characterized by the development of a clone of plasma tumor invading hematopoietic marrow . In its usual form, it involves bone marrow plasma cell infiltration, a monoclonal immunoglobulin in blood and/or urine, and bone involvement . Meningeal localization of myeloma ... |
The flash electroretinogram (erg) provides an excellent noninvasive means to assess retinal function . The largest feature of this response is the b - wave, which follows the initial negative a - wave . The b - wave corresponds to the granit's pii component and is believed to be generated by the activity of on - bipola... |
Cat scratch disease (csd) is a self - limiting disease in immunocompetent patients . Other bartonella spp . Known to cause systemic and ocular manifestation are bartonella quintana, bartonella grahamii, and bartonella elizabethae.1,2 csd is transmitted to humans through a cat scratch, cat bite, cat saliva, or cat flea ... |
Disposing the 3d structure of small drug - like molecules can be critical for several computational approaches such as in silico screening (1,2), either ligand - based (35) or receptor structure - based (69) employed prior to or to complement experimental screening for hit identification, lead optimization or chemical ... |
Screening with mammography has been shown to reduce mortality from breast cancer [1, 2]. However, the sensitivity to non - palpable cancer of screening mammography in radiographically dense - breasted women is as low as 3048% . Extremely dense - breasted women have an 18-fold increase in interval cancer found between a... |
Uveitis, especially noninfectious uveitis, is more common in women than in men, in most large surveys, presumably because of the greater frequency of autoimmune diseases in women . Sex - determined biological variations in type or intensity of response to infections may exist, just as they appear to exist in noninfecti... |
The incidence of malignant melanoma in fair - skinned patients has increased dramatically in most parts of the world over the past few decades . Because the prognosis of melanoma depends almost entirely on tumor thickness, early detection of thin melanoma is important for the survival of patients [1, 2]. The diagnostic... |
In recent years, nursing staff shortages have become a major challenge for health care systems around the world, including iran . In 2008, iranian hospitals needed approximately 220,000 nurses; nonetheless, there were just about 90,000 nurses . This shortage is related to decreased satisfaction among nurses and posed a... |
Urodynamic testing has greatly improved our diagnostic capabilities for patients with complex neurogenic bladder dysfunction . However, despite years of refinements in technical standards and recommendations, urodynamics require experience - based individual interpretation and lack established sensitivity and specifici... |
With the widespread use of laparoscopy in the 1990's, many patients with heartburn and sequelae from gastroesophageal reflux disease (gerd) are undergoing repair of their hiatal hernias . Although there is a greater than 85% success rate, complications and failures occur following surgery (table 1). One of the major co... |
An epileptic seizure is defined as a transient symptom of abnormal excessive or synchronous firing of some or many of the brain s cells, or neurons . The outward effect can be as dramatic as convulsions with wild thrashing movements (tonic - clonic seizure) or as mild as a brief loss of awareness (absence seizure). Som... |
During a first step (november 2009february 2010), seroprevalence rates for a(h1n1)pdm09 virus were assessed in 120 breeding pigs (> 4 years old) from 57 farms . Blood was obtained from randomly selected pigs at the only slaughterhouse on the island, where pigs are held for <3 hours . We screened the samples for antibod... |
Semiconductor quantum dots are excellent fluorescent nanoprobes for biological and biomedical applications because of their unique size - dependent optical and electronic properties (penn et al 2003; alivisatos these nanoparticles (nps) possess unique optical properties in comparison with traditional organic dyes inclu... |
Se presentan dos casos de hepatitis viral en los cuales la terapia convencional no fue efectiva . Ambos fueron tratados posteriormente segn protocolos de uso de medicamentos homeopticos, como se describe a continuacin . Ambos pacientes registraron una remisin sostenida durante 2 aos, luego de consumir medicamentos natu... |
Odontoma that was previously considered as tumor of odontogenic origin is now considered as hamartomatous dental malformation formed by the overgrowth or transitory of complete dental tissue . Odontomas are usually asymptomatic and generally consist of unerupted or impacted teeth, retained deciduous teeth, swelling and... |
The global hcc bridge (bridge to better outcomes in hcc) study was the first multiregional, large - scale, longitudinal cohort study to document the hcc patient experience from diagnosis to death.the objective was to provide an improved understanding of global patterns of hcc therapy and associated outcomes across real... |
Several multifunctional proteins are involved in both transcriptional and translational control (wilkinson and shyu, 2001). Here we focus on a family of such multifunctional proteins, the y - box protein family, in terms of its significance in cell proliferation and cancer . As different aspects of the y - box proteins... |
It is not a specific disease entity, but a gingival response associated with a variety of conditions . These desquamative lesions represent oral manifestations of various dermatoses which include lichen planus, pemphigus vulgaris, erythema multiform, lupus erythematosus, dermatitis herpetiformis, and chronic ulcerative... |
Rehabilitation for the cerebral palsied children should be given thought a team work including parents as a model refers to patient centered treatment regimens1,2,3 . This idea encourages considering parent s opinions about physiotherapy and rehabilitation for their children with cp . For this reason, health providers,... |
Intoxication due to carbon monoxide (co) is one of the most common types of poisoning, and one of the most important toxicological global causes of morbidity and mortality (1). A weak association between carboxyhemoglobin (cohb) level and patients clinical picture is documented (2). Co binds rapidly to hemoglobin with ... |
One eye of the guinea pigs was randomly selected and treated with 7.00d lenses . The method of cycloplegia was induced with three drops of tropicamide, and the refraction status was measured by means of streak retinoscopy in hand - held, awake animals . The axial length of the eyes was measured by an a - scan ultrasoun... |
We initiated our study by investigating the reactivity of substrates derived from geraniol under our previously reported hydroamination conditions (table 1). A variety of leaving groups, including alkoxy, silyloxy, carbonate, phosphate, and carboxylates, provided the desired product with high levels of enantioselectivi... |
The plan of treatment of deformities of the jaws includes pre - surgical orthodontic treatment designed to eliminate dental compensations present (i.e., the anomalies of the teeth that have taken place) and the preparation of the dental arches in relation to the scheduled surgery . In the field of orthodontics and surg... |
This article is a summary of our experience with the treatment of a patient with an extraordinarily large deep burn (99.5% tbsa and 23% fourth degree burn) by using the microskin autografting and alloskin repeated grafting method to close the deep burn wound because of scarcity of skin sources of the patient . The pati... |
Tanzania has experienced tremendous social changes and this has affected the health status of vulnerable populations over the last few years (mujinja and kida 2014). Rural women especially have been placed in a worse health - care position compared with urban women (tanzania gender networking program and macro 2007). S... |
Optical coherence tomography (oct) allows automated quantification of both peripapillary retinal nerve fiber layer (rnfl) and ganglion cell - inner plexiform layer (gcipl) macular thicknesses, providing information on the probability of an abnormality being present after comparison with an internal normative database .... |
Caffeine's main mechanism of action is by blocking the adenosine receptors and altering the levels of various neurotransmitters like dopamine, adrenaline, serotonin, and acetylcholine . Other mechanisms like mobilization of calcium, inhibition of phosphodiesterases, and binding to benzodiazepine receptors have also bee... |
Ubiquitination of specific cellular proteins serves as a signal for protein degradation, chromatin remodeling, dna repair, vesicular transport, and changes in protein localization and/or activity depending on the number and structure of the ubiquitin modification . Protein ubiquitination is highly regulated and require... |
Mast cells are integrally involved in cellular based immune responses to pathogens as well as inflammatory reactions prompted by pathogens or toxins [1, 2] and have been suggested for several years to play a part in the acute phase of multiple sclerosis (ms) [38]. Albeit the mechanisms by which mast cells influence ms ... |
The association of drinking water hardness and cardiovascular diseases (cvds) has been studied since more than five decades ago . A study in england and wales showed that cardiovascular death - rates had a favorable effect in towns with harder water and had an adverse effect in towns with softer water . Another studies... |
Malignant tracheoesophageal fistula (tef) is a serious complication of thoracic malignant diseases and is more common in esophageal cancer than in lung cancer . Tef sometimes results in aspiration pneumonia, sepsis, and malnutrition associated with trouble in eating . Without proper and prompt treatment, life expectanc... |
Bardet - biedl syndrome (bbs) is an autosomal recessive disorder characterized by central obesity, mental impairment, rod - cone dystrophy, polydactyly, hypogonadism in males, and renal abnormalities.1,2 the causative genes have been identified as bbs1 - 14 genes that encode proteins possibly linked to cilia function, ... |
Decades of targeted studies and recent progress in phosphoproteomics has resulted in a large body of protein phosphorylation data (2). Determining how these phosphorylation sites change through time, for example during the cell cycle or following exposure to extracellular stimuli is now possible with techniques such as... |
High - density lipoprotein (hdl), known as antiatherosclerotic lipoprotein, is also involved in innate immunity . For instance, hdl binds to lipopolysaccharides (lps) and lipoteichoic acid (lta) derived from microorganisms and neutralizes the physiological activity of these molecules [2, 3]. Additionally, hdl is known ... |
The promotion as an associate professor (ap) represents the final academic step followed only by a full professorship at german universities . The academic degree of an associate professor is invested by faculties to persons, which have received a doctorates degree, have qualified as a professor by writing a habilitati... |
In the present work, the possibility of increasing the lifespan of mammalians and humans by transplantation of the genetically identical (or similar) stem cells with the lower number of the genomic errors to the old recipients is investigated . The idea of this method follows directly from informational theory of aging... |
Oligochaete worms, as the second largest group of the annelida, occur in a wide variety of freshwater environments . Within this diverse group, limnodrilus hoffmeisteri claparde, 1862 (oligochaeta: tubificinae), is one of the most common and abundant aquatic oligochaetes . Like all other oligochaetes, the species is a ... |
Plantarflexor muscles play a critical role in ankle stabilization, and their combined eccentric contraction decreases the rate of tibial advancement during midstance and causes the foot and tibia to roll off over the forefoot rocker during terminal stance1 . Limited ankle dorsiflexion range of motion (rom) is associate... |
Since bacteria gain access to the periodontal pocket, they can invade the epithelium, connective tissue and radicular hard tissue, such as cementum and dentin, of periodontally diseased teeth1516,18 . These sites can serve as bacterial reservoirs from which periodontal bacteria recolonize root surfaces after periodonta... |
About 30% of people with congenital hearing loss are syndromic and the remaining 70% are non - syndromic . In addition, most elderly people develop age - related (late - onset) hearing loss [13]. In general, these hearing losses have been classified as different diseases due to distinct pathogeneses [1, 2]. Sensorineur... |
Multiple myeloma is a malignant b - cell disorder characterized by proliferation of atypical plasma cells in bone marrow with or without the presence of monoclonal immunoglobulin protein in serum and/or urine . Multiple myeloma has correlation with plasmacytoma, which is a mass of plasma cells found outside of bone mar... |
During the last decades, there have been great advancements in the field of preventive medicine . Research has demonstrated that nutrition plays a crucial role in the prevention of chronic diseases . It proposes to consider food not only vital to survive, but also a mean for mental and physical well - being, contributi... |
The patients have various clinical features depending on the size and deleted region on chromosome 13 . The 13q syndrome is characterized into 3 groups: group 1 in which proximal region (q12.2-q31) is involved in deletion and patients tend to appear with minor abnormalities, mild to moderate mental retardation and susc... |
Pentacyclic triterpenoids have generally been utilized as biomarkers to trace genetic sources of organic matter in sedimentary environments, petroleum exploration, or paleoenvironmental reconstructions of biome changes that document climate change [14]. The oleananes, ursanes, fernanes, lupanes, and their derivatives, ... |
Immune checkpoint inhibition with the anti - ctla-4 antibody ipilimumab or the pd-1 antibodies pembrolizumab and nivolumab has become a valuable and effective treatment in metastatic melanoma . All substances have demonstrated significant and durable tumor responses with significant prolonged progress - free and overal... |
Thyroid dysfunction results in changes in cardiac contractility, cardiac output, myocardial oxygen consumption, systemic vascular resistance, and blood pressure [1, 2]. The relationship between abnormal thyroid function and coronary heart disease (chd) has been recognized for a long time, especially in hypothyroidism s... |
I wish to point out a need for clarification concerning the methodology utilized in the study eye tracking detects disconjugate eye movements associated with structural traumatic brain injury and concussion by samadani et al ., 2015 . The authors state that binocular eye movements were recorded using a single - camera ... |
Complications involving the spleen have been reported with infarction, abscess, subcapsular hematoma, rupture, and hyper - reactive malarial splenomegaly (hms) or tropical splenomegaly syndrome . The latter is commonly understood as an immunological reaction from the infected host and may be confused with lymphoprolife... |
A nosology of psychosis would need to be based on the knowledge of the causes and pathophysiology of these psychotic symptoms . The history of the term will be briefly described, followed by a description of its use in the current classification systems for mental disorders and a discussion on the necessity to deconstr... |
Metabolic syndrome (ms) is a cluster of cardiovascular risk factors such as diabetes mellitus (dm), pre - diabetes, central obesity, dyslipidemia, and high blood pressure (bp).13 it is estimated that approximately one quarter of the world s population have the syndrome and people with this condition are likely to have ... |
The sample consisted of 51 right - handed non - demented patients between 40 and 80 years, diagnosed with ipd . They were presenting at least three cardinal signs of the disorder (bradykinesia, rest tremor and rigidity). There were 42 males and 9 females with mean (sd) age of 53 years (9.58). Their educational level ra... |
Subsets of 270 participants who visited our hospital for knee pain and met the american college of rheumatology criteria for symptomatic oa of the knee19) from october 2005 to september 2013 were evaluated . We limited the subsets to women for avoiding the confounding variables and bias, because there were only a few m... |
With the increasing elderly population, dementia has become one of the most common social problems1 . Because memory impairment is the core symptom of dementia, the majority of early interventions aim to slow cognitive decline . In recent years however, studies into their use for dementia patients have found them to ha... |
Globally, colorectal cancer (crc) is the fourth most common cancer in men and the third most common cancer in women1). Although most crc occurs sporadically, genetic predisposition related to its pathogenesis has been reported2). One of the most investigated genotypic subtypes of crc is the aberrancy of the mismatch re... |
Pylephlebitis is defined as septic thrombophlebitis of the portal vein or one of its tributaries, usually secondary to suppuration either in the region drained by the portal venous system or in structures contiguous to the portal vein (e.g., the common bile duct). Pylephlebitis, that previously well - characterized com... |
Prostate cancer is the most commonly diagnosed cancer in men in the united states and the second most commonly diagnosed malignancy worldwide . Although many prostate cancer patients have localized disease at the time of diagnosis, some present with evidence of metastasis . In the latter cases, androgen deprivation the... |
Sarcoidosis is an idiopathic multisystem granulomatous disease that commonly involves the lungs, eyes, lymph nodes and skin . The disease usually begins at around 40 years of age and nearly two - thirds of the cases are females . Sarcoidosis confined to skin is quite uncommon as reported in literature, contrary to the ... |
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