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27% of pregnant women are affected from preeclampsia (pe) which occurred in the second half of pregnancy and is defined mainly by the symptoms hypertension and proteinuria . 58% of these women develop hellp syndrome (hemolysis, elevated liver enzymes, and low platelet count). Preeclampsia is one of the leading causes o...
After its composition was firstly described by billroth1 in 1856, tcherkoff and sedlis2 reported lesions of the same type in the uterine cervix . Later baggish and woodruff3 recognized it as a distinct type of cervical neoplasm from adenoid cystic carcinoma . The incidence of adenocarcinoma of the uterine cervix is rep...
Nicotine is a chemical that is present in the mount of about 1% of the weight of cigarette tobacco . Nicotine is the main active ingredient of tobacco and is also the main factor that leads to smoking addiction or dependence producing . Cotinine, a major degradation product of nicotine metabolism, has been an important...
Animals: adult male wistar - imamichi strain rats (body weight (bw), 220250 g) were obtained from the imamichi institute for animal reproduction (tsuchiura, japan). The animals were housed at constant ambient temperature of 24c with controlled lighting (lights on, 05001900 hr) and given free access to food and water . ...
This study included 25 patients of both sexes with mandibular fractures in the age group of 18 - 48 years, presenting no medical contra indications for the planned procedure . Data collected from the patients included pre and postoperative panoramic radiographs, age at the time of injury, sex, and site of madibular fra...
There is strong epidemiological and genetic evidence that genetic factors play a major, though variable role, in its pathogenesis . Migraine patients are characterized between attacks on various cns - evoked responses by a deficit of habituation [1, 2], which may have a familial character [35]. By contrast, other mild ...
Bladder cancer is the second most common genitourinary malignancy and the sixth most common cancer in the world . In china, the incidence of bladder cancer also increases with age, and the peak is reached approximately at the age of 60 years; bladder cancer is three times more common in men than in women . Among the ne...
A 38-year - old male patient with a 40-pack - year history of smoking initially presented with sudden - onset right - sided facial nerve palsy which was diagnosed as idiopathic bell's palsy and was treated with prednisolone . Three weeks later, the patient developed a new left - sided facial palsy in addition to his un...
Since the advent of the hiv - aids pandemic across the globe, pneumocystis jiroveci pneumonia has been one of the most common defining illnesses of this condition . Idiopathic cd4 lymphocytopenia is one such condition where the patient presents with such aids defining illnesses but with negative serological marker for ...
Diabetes is a metabolic disease with the main symptom of chronic hyperglycemia caused by insufficient insulin action . Most symptoms cannot be noticed when the degree of the metabolic disorders caused by insufficient insulin action is mild . However, thirst, polydipsia, polyuria, and weight loss are observed in the met...
Urethritis in males that is caused by sexual transmission is a major health - care concern worldwide . Gonococcal urethritis (gu) is a common sexually transmitted disease (std) that is caused by neisseria gonorrhoeae . Common signs and symptoms in males are purulent discharge from the urethra with dysuria, perimeatal e...
For decades, tracking studies with eels have been conducted to reveal the oceanic migration routes to their mysterious spawning areas6,000 km from the european coast by using acoustic and archival tags (tesch 2003). Recently, the use of pop - up satellite tags (psats), developed for tracking large animals (> 50 kg), we...
Over the past years in italy, the current affairs press has produced ample information on the subject of haccp (hazard analysis and critical control points) with the goal of providing support to those in charge of food companies and to allow these companies to conform to that provided for by italian legislative decree ...
Estrogen - based therapies decrease hot flashes by up to 90%, but their use is generally discouraged in breast cancer survivors and in women with an increased risk of breast cancer.13 several hormonal and nonhormonal therapies are claimed to alleviate hot flashes . These include hormonal agents, such as progestational ...
Antidepressant medication is a standard treatment and the first choice for depressed patients in current psychiatric guidelines.1 approximately 60% of patients respond well to active treatment,24 but ~40%50% of patients using the full dosage and duration of antidepressant medications still have residual symptoms and ca...
Angiotensin - converting enzyme (ace) inhibitors have been increasingly used for the therapeutic management of several conditions, such as hypertension, acute myocardial infarction, left ventricular systolic dysfunction, chronic renal failure, and so on . Large multicentric trials have proved that ace inhibitors not on...
Melioidosis, a febrile illness with disease states ranging from acute pneumonia or septicemia to chronic or localized abscess formation, was first documented by whitmore and krishnaswami (1912). The causative agent, burkholderia pseudomallei, was subsequently identified as a motile, gram - negative bacillus, which is p...
Repetitive lifting and unloading as well as moving with excessive weights have been known to be major causes of various musculoskeletal disorders and low back pain1 . Such carrying or actions may increase the load on the spine while decreasing the pressure that protects the spine, thereby increasing the risk of low bac...
Cemento - ossifying fibroma (cof) is considered a benign osseous tumor, very closely related to other lesions such as fibrous dysplasia, cementifying periapical dysplasia, or cemento - osseous florid dysplasia, however, creating its own entity in the 1992 who classification . Consequently, one of its principal characte...
Radiography is generally used in determining dental maturation and two - dimensional panoramic radiographs are mainly used in radiography as seen in the dental and forensic literature . However, different dental age estimation methods have been used to measure tooth development, which include diagrams, charts, and defi...
Anemia represents a frequent complication in cancer patients as well as in chronic inflammatory diseases . It is an important cause of cancer - related fatigue, which considerably affects quality of life . Anemia is in fact considered as a bad prognostic factor for survival regardless of tumor type . Up to 40% of cance...
Acidithiobacillus ferrooxidans (a. ferrooxidans) is a gram - negative, extremely acidophilic, mesophilic, chemolithotrophic bacterium and the most well - studied acidophilic organism which is usually found in acid environments such as acid mine drainage, . Due to its bioleaching capabilities, it is an important member ...
Hiv / aids is increasingly affecting the health and welfare of children and undermining hard - won gains of child survival in highly affected countries . Recent estimates from the joint united nations programs on hiv / aids (unaids) suggest that globally about 2.5 million children younger than 15 years of age are infec...
Decreasing healthcare costs while maintaining optimal patient outcomes has been a recent focus of many institutions given changes in united states healthcare . Cost reduction with optimal outcomes has been shown by switching from intravenous (iv) to oral (po) antibiotics for the treatment of pneumonia in the non - inte...
Ganciclovir, a drug against cytomegalovirus (cmv) infection, is generally well tolerated, but can cause neurotoxicity such as encephalopathy . Although ganciclovir - induced encephalopathy has been described in several reports, a literature search revealed that ganciclovir concentrations in the blood or cerebrospinal f...
Plasma proteins are the primary targets of glycation following elevated levels of glucose in diabetes . Amongst plasma proteins, albumin is one of the heavily glycated proteins because of its abundance, comparatively longer half - life and a higher number of free lysine and arginine residues . Glycation accelerates alb...
Rup has long championed public access to research articles via a six - month embargo, and we thus support this aspect of the wellcome trust policy and the new rcuk policy . However, we question the value of a provision in their policies that specifies licensing terms for reuse of content by third parties . Both organiz...
The relation between spatial and numerical cognition was first assumed by galton (1880) at the end of the nineteenth century . Taking into account introspective reports he proposed that magnitude information might be analogically arranged through the location of numbers along a spatial axis oriented from left to right ...
Ticks are blood - sucking ectoparasites which transmit serious diseases to animals and humans . They are considered as main vectors for transmission of many viral, bacterial, rickettsial and parasitical pathogens (garcia 2007). Several tick species are important in veterinary medicine as vectors of theileriosis, babesi...
Modest cognitive dysfunction is consistently reported in children and young adults with type 1 diabetes (t1d) (1). Mental efficiency, psychomotor speed, executive functioning, and intelligence quotient appear to be most affected (2); studies report effect sizes between 0.2 and 0.5 (small to modest) in children and adol...
A 57-year - old woman developed multiple (> 20) melanoma in - transit metastatic nodules on her right thigh (figure 1a), as confirmed by histological examination, after removal, six months earlier, of a primary 2.2 mm thick ulcerated nodular melanoma on her right leg for which the initial sentinel lymph node biopsy was...
Prior to np[xl184] synthesis, the biodegradable copolymer plga 50:50 (17 kda; 0.18 dlg; lake shore biomaterials) was modified to incorporate a peg moiety (cooh - peg - nh2; 3.5 kda; jenkem technology), which enhances both nanoparticle stability and circulation time . Nanoparticles were synthesized with various xl184 (>...
A 66-year - old woman with sjgren syndrome presented with a 5-year history of bilateral shoulder pain that was significantly worse on the right than the left side . The pain was reported to be constant in nature but worse at night, and completely prohibited activities above shoulder height . Examination of the right sh...
Hemophilia is a coagulation disorder characterized by acute hemorrhages into the musculoskeletal system leading eventually to arthropathy and disability . Deficiency of factor viii (hemophilia a) accounts for 85% of cases and 15% are due to factor ix deficiency (hemophilia b). Acute bleeding increases the pressure in t...
Irritable bowel syndrome (ibs) is a heterogeneous, idiopathic, gastrointestinal syndrome characterized by abdominal pain or discomfort, diarrhea, and/or constipation . A questionnaire survey conducted in students from a chinese university found that only 5.7% of respondents could be diagnosed with ibs, but epidemiologi...
Progression of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (copd) assessed by decline in forced expiratory volume in one second (fev1) is closely related to active tobacco smoking . It has been shown that smoking cessation decelerates the fev1 decline in patients with mild - to - moderate copd.1,2 it is also widely assumed t...
Their general metabolic pathway in mammals involves cytochrome p-450 (cyp) enzyme - mediated oxidation to form hydroxylated metabolites and epoxides and further conjugation with glucuronide or glutathione to create corresponding conjugates, leading further to methylsulfonyl metabolites catalyzed by glutathione s - tran...
The most frequently used neck disability questionnaires are the neck pain and disability scale (npad) and neck disability index (ndi), which are validated in several languages [4, 16, 21, 22, 38]. To evaluate the effect of treatment programs for neck disorders it is necessary that questionnaires are responsive, i.e., h...
Peritonitis is the most troublesome complication in patients on continuous ambulatory peritoneal dialysis (capd). Gram - positive organisms, especially staphylococcus aureus and staphylococcus epidermidis, are the most frequent causative pathogens the prevalence of vancomycin resistant enterococci (vre) in hospitalized...
Obesity results from the accumulation of excess adipose tissue; however, it is not a single disorder but a heterogeneous group of conditions with multiple causes . Major causes of the increasing prevalence of obesity include behavioral and environmental factors, such as excessive consumption of energy - dense foods and...
Curing type acetoxycolor tranlucentdensity approximately 1.04 g / ccskin formation time approximately 5 min at 30ccuring time approximately 24 h. for 2 mm thickness at 30cmovement accommodation approximately 0.61 n / mmelasticity approximately 260% curing type acetoxy density approximately 1.04 g / cc skin formation ti...
During 20082013, a total of 68 satellite or global positioning system radio collars were deployed on african buffalo captured in southern gonarezhou np; in northern kruger np, south of the limpopo river; and in zimbabwe, north of limpopo river (on sengwe communal land). Of the 68 buffalo, 47 were adult females, selecte...
While nigeria has only two percent of the global population, it contributes 10% to the global maternal mortality burden . The average national maternal mortality rate is 545 per 100,000 while in the north eastern zone, it is 1,549 per 100,000 . Annually, an estimated 52,900 nigeria women die (about 1,000 per week) whil...
Early in life, parental interactions can serve as a buffer against the negative consequences of stress on physiology and learning (stanton and levine, 1990, kirschbaum et al ., 2003, shionoya et al ., 2007, taylor et al ., 2008, however, if rearing conditions are suboptimal, parental stress or disruptions in the qualit...
Primary cardiac tumors are quite rare, especially in the pediatric age group,13 and their atypical presentations often prevent a timely diagnosis.4 most primary cardiac tumors in the pediatric age group are benign; autopsy studies in children have reported incidence rates ranging from 0.027% to 0.08%.4 one echocardiogr...
Breast cancer is the most common cancer among women globally and one of the main concerns of societies, especially for women . According to the american cancer society report, breast cancer is diagnosed in about 1.3 million women annually worldwide and around 465,000 will die from the disease . Present data is showing ...
Overweight or obesity among american children has reached epidemic proportions . Over the past 25 years, childhood overweight or obesity has nearly quadrupled in the united states, affecting almost 17% of children and adolescents aged 219 in 2007 - 2008 [2, 3]. Childhood overweight or obesity is defined as having a bod...
Since first described by quain in 1847 (1), hundreds of abdominal aortic stenosis have been reported with many variations in anatomy . Though, the complete absence of infrarenal aorta, seen in presenting case, is extremely rare . This represents the first case of complete segmental occlusion of infrarenal aorta in the ...
Every time we discuss about immunization program in adult and in elderly people, we should consider two important changes that happened in our current society: the increasing ageing of population and a different old age compared with the past . It has been estimated that since 2005 to 2030 world population over 65 will...
The higher risk of fracture is also attributed to other factors such as effect of endodontic irrigants, age changes in dentin, and bacteria - dentine interaction . In - vivo investigations have indicated compromised tactile sense to perceive the functional overload in root canal treated teeth . The amount of remaining ...
In refractory temporal lobe epilepsy (tle), it is important to be able to determine which hemisphere is dominant and hosts the majority of the language areas . When a patient is evaluated as a potential candidate for resective surgery, language mapping should be able to indicate which hemisphere is dominant and precise...
Diabetes mellitus (dm) which is characterized by hyperglycemia is a common metabolic disorder that happens due to insulin deficiency and insulin resistance (1). It is associated with central nervous system (cns) and peripheral nervous system (pns) neurological complication (2). Dm in long - term causes a vast range of ...
Carbon nanotubes have been extensively studied because of their interesting physical properties and potential applications . Motivated by this success, scientists have been exploring nanotubes and nanostructures made of different materials . In particular, theoretical studies have also been carried out to investigate t...
The online version of this article (doi:10.1007/s00239 - 009 - 9239 - 0) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users . Alpha-2-fucosyltransferases (2fts) are enzymes required for the biosynthesis of the terminal glycan motif fuc2gal-r found in abh and lewis histo - blood group antigens . The...
Testosterone is the main androgen hormone and exerts its physiological effects through a genomic mechanism that is mediated by the androgen receptor . These non - genomic effects are considered to be rapid, in contrast to the genomic effects, and several possible pathways have been identified . The activation of myocar...
Several important novel structures evolved in ancestral vertebrates, including a complicated nervous system equipped with integrated sensory systems, bones, and acquired immune systems . Importantly, these novel structures probably did not evolve all at once, but via sequential steps . Therefore, to understand the earl...
Recent advances in brain imaging techniques facilitate the investigation of brain activity levels during movement by unrestrained human subjects . Imaging studies using single photon emission computed tomography and functional near - infrared spectroscopy (fnirs) have demonstrated that, in the frontal lobe, the primary...
A total of 20,653 women delivered in our hospital between january 2002 and december 2010 . We did not include the women with known diabetes (n = 204) or those for whom the status for either one of the five risk factors was not known (n = 1674). Therefore, 18,775 pregnancies were analyzed . Data are routinely entered at...
Atrial fibrillation (af) is a common arrhythmia with an estimated clinical prevalence of approximately 1% in the general population and as high as 9% in individuals by the age of 80 years myocardial dysfunction observed in sepsis could contribute to arrhythmias and inflammation per se could induce or provoke af . We de...
When vaginal hysterectomy (vh) is not possible, many surgeons are reluctant to use laparoscopic techniques on obese patients and instead use the abdominal approach . Current evidence suggests that there is no significant difference in outcomes for normal weight versus obese women undergoing laparoscopic hysterectomy (l...
Posterior reversible encephalopathy syndrome (pres) relates to a transient pattern of brain edema mostly involving the parietal and occipital regions . Severe hypertension may lead to pres when overcoming brain autoregulation with subsequent breakthrough brain edema . We describe a case of asymmetric pres associated wi...
Electrochemical water oxidation, also known as the oxygen evolution reaction (oer), is a key energy conversion reaction in a number of clean energy technologies, including rechargeable metal air batteries, electrolysis cells, and solar fuel production . Widespread commercialization of these technologies is limited in p...
There is concern that older people with reduced respiratory muscle strength may be misclassified as having copd on the basis of spirometric results and receive unnecessary and potentially harmful treatment . With increasing age, the smaller pulmonary airways more readily collapse and forced vital capacity (fvc), forced...
Focal choroidal excavation (fce) was first described by jampol et al1 as an anomalous excavation of the choroid; it is typically observed by optical coherence tomography (oct).1,2 this condition has been associated with several chorioretinal conditions and asymptomatic status, including central serous chorioretinopathy...
Levocetirizine (lcz), an active enantiomer of cetirizine, is a second - generation antihistamine that was approved by the us food and drug administration in 2008 for the relief of symptoms associated with allergic diseases in adults and children [1 - 3]. Although it has some side effects such as sleepiness, headache, d...
Bacterial vaginosis (bv) is a common condition causing various symptoms such as vaginal discharge, odor and irritation, and has been associated with increased acquisition of many sexually transmitted diseases [1, 2]. Pregnant women with bv have an increased risk of preterm labor and preterm delivery with the potential ...
Longipalpis were obtained from santarm and camar colonies, maintained at the department of entomology, oswaldo cruz foundation, rio de janeiro (rj), brazil . Salivary glands of three - five days - old non blood - fed adult female lu . Longipalpis were dissected, transferred to microtubes containing phosphate buffer sal...
Eligible patients were drawn from 2 truven marketscan databases: commercial claims & encounters and medicare supplemental & coordination of benefits . Large selfinsured employers, health plans, hospitals, and medicare contribute claims data to these databases . The full population includes 26 million people annually in...
Lateral elbow pain is common with a population prevalence of 1%3%.1 the peak incidence occurs at around 4050 years of age group and in women aged 4246 years, incidence increases to 10%.23 in the uk, the netherlands, and scandinavia, the annual incidence of lateral elbow pain in general practice is 4 - 7/1000 population...
Arsenic is recognized as one of the most serious inorganic contaminants in soil and groundwater worldwide, with significant public health implications . Arsenic often makes its way into soil and water courses by the natural processes of weathering and dissolution of minerals such as arsenian pyrite, fe(as, s)2, and ars...
The incidence of parenchymal brain metastasis (pbm) from primary systemic cancer has been increasing along with prolonged survival of the patients with cancer . Recent report showed that up to 30% of cancer patients can be expected to develop pbm according to the types of primary cancer6,12). A population - based estim...
Subarachnoid - pleural fistula (spf) is an abnormal communication between the subarachnoid and pleural spaces that normally can arise from blunt or penetrating trauma or as a complication of chest operation . This occurs infrequently following cardiothoracic surgery for lung or chest wall resection and closure of paten...
Thus, the high prevalence of olfactory dysfunction after surgery or head trauma has a great effect on overall quality of life . Following head injury with a fracture across the cribriform plate, a minor blow to the occipital area may result in anosmia due to tearing or shearing of olfactory nerve filaments . The olfact...
In the absence of telomerase, telomere shortening limits the replicative lifespan of human cells thus providing a stringent tumor suppressive mechanism . However if dna damage checkpoints are compromised, cells can continue to divide until the telomeres lose their end - capping function and are subjected to dna double ...
The renin - angiotensin - aldosterone system (raas) plays an important role in the control of cardiovascular and renal homeostasis by regulating vascular tone, blood pressure (bp), and fluid volume [1, 2]. Angiotensin ii (ang ii) is a physiologically active component of the raas, produced via an enzymatic cascade that ...
Extensive surgical resection is often abandoned on identification of wide and deep tumor invasion at the hilar bile duct intraoperatively, because it is difficult to achieve curative resection . On determining that curative resection of the perihilar cholangiocarcinoma is not possible, an intraoperative decision about ...
Structural genomics has been successful in determining the structures of many unique proteins in a high throughput manner . Since 2001, these efforts have resulted in more than 6,772 structure depositions to the pdb, 3,251 of which are from the nih - sponsored protein structure initiative (psi) centers . Nevertheless, ...
Polymers are pervasive throughout all aspects of the modern age and, as described by rolf mlhaupt, without polymers, modern life would be impossible because polymers secure the high quality of life and serve as pacemakers for modern technologies . Consequently, the urge to find renewable resources to reduce consumption...
Electromagnetic interference (emi) is a transient disruption or alteration in a devices normal function caused by an external signal . In implantable cardiac rhythm devices, the lead creates a loop antenna allowing a magnetic field to induce a current between the lead and the generator . The power of the external force...
The content of each peptide flask was dissolved by addition of hepes buffer 100 mm, ph 7.4 (a128) or ultrapure milli - q water (a116). The concentration of a was then measured by uv - visible spectroscopy (276 nm (tyr10)=1410 m cm). Uv - visible spectra were recorded on a biochrom libra s50 or a specord 205 spectrophot...
As obesity is becoming increasingly more prevalent in the united states, weight loss to reduce adipose tissue mass is strongly promoted as a means to decrease the disease risk associated with excess adiposity (5, 57). Unfortunately, the majority of individuals who lose weight are unlikely to maintain the reduced weight...
Complications of foot ulcers are the major cause of hospitalization and amputation in diabetic patients and lead to significant health care costs as evidenced by the fact that 2040% of health care resources are spent on diabetes - related diabetic foot [1, 2]. Diabetic foot syndrome (dfs) is defined, according to the w...
Down syndrome (ds) is the most common chromosomal aneuploidy in live births and a leading cause of mental retardation . Prenatal detection of chromosomal anomalies, such as trisomy 21, in cases with ds relies on invasive practices such as amniocentesis or chorionic villi sampling . These procedures are associated with ...
Nonsteroidal anti - inflammatory drugs (nsaids) are one of the most commonly prescribed classes of medication, and they are routinely employed for their analgesic, antipyretic, and antiinflammatory properties . Because they are potent inhibitors of cyclooxygenase (cox) enzymes, they reduce the synthesis of pro - inflam...
T4 lysozyme, as a member of the lysozyme family produced by bacteriophage, breaks down the bacterial cell wall by catalyzing the hydrolysis of poly saccharide chains during infection of the bacteria . The enzyme specifically cleaves the glycosidic bonds connecting the repeating subunits of cell walls between n - acetyl...
The results of cancer patient treatment in poland remain unsatisfactory . According to eurocare reports, polish oncology patients have a much lower chance of surviving 5 years after diagnosis than elsewhere in europe [1, 2]. This problem, which undoubtedly reflects poland s low healthcare budget, has for several years ...
The study took place at a 300-bed community hospital that is the primary hospital for an acgme - accredited 3-year internal medicine residency with 36 residents, approved by the institutional review board . As a mandatory part of the residency curriculum, all residents had received formal training in clue as detailed e...
The human environment together with the biological processes contributes significantly to free radical production . When these free radicals overwhelm the antioxidant defense mechanisms, oxidative stress sets in with its deleterious effects that lead to cell injury, degenerative diseases, and compromised immune system ...
Sexual health education (she) has been recognized by international organizations as a human right, a necessity for development, and a promoter of equity . Nevertheless, most young people do not receive sufficient education for their sexual lives . Worldwide, earlier sexual maturity and marriage at later ages may cause ...
However, the exact mechanisms of vasoconstriction of pulmonary vessels during hypoxia (hpv) have not been identified yet . Many investigators have reported the role of reactive oxygen species (ros) in hpv . However, there are conflicting results on whether ros decreases or increases during hpv . Furthermore, the contri...
Osteoblastoma is a rare benign tumor that accounts for less than 1% of all bone tumors and most commonly involves the spine and sacrum of young individuals . Less than 10% of osteoblastoma are localized to skull and nearly half of these cases affecting the mandible, especially the posterior segments . The first well - ...
Over 500 000 gene sequences have been discovered encoding glycoside hydrolases that are grouped into more than 130 families according to the carbohydrate active enzyme classification (cazy: www.cazy.org). Endo--1,2-mannosidases are eukaryotic proteins involved in n - linked glycan maturation, folding, and quality contr...
A previously healthy teenage girl, who had immigrated to oregon from mexico as an infant, sought care in january 2000 for progressively severe headaches of several months duration . Autopsy showed no evidence of trauma, and results of a toxicology screening were negative . Examination of the brain showed obstructive hy...
Pact suicides are those wherein two or more individuals mutually agree and execute to terminate their lives together . The usual profile of persons involved in pact suicides includes those females, older, married and of high social class . If one relies on the media reports, whenever two or more deaths occur together, ...
To report a case of corneal perforation associated with oral administration of erlotinib and its spontaneous healing after temporary discontinuation of drug treatment . A 65-year - old man with metastatic lung cancer was treated with erlotinib (150 mg / day), a specific tyrosine kinase inhibitor of the epidermal growth...
A 23-year - old healthy female was admitted to our hospital with a new - onset tender bulge in her left groin, associated with subjective fevers and chills . Four days prior to presentation, she noted a sudden protrusion in her left groin with associated pain . Given worsening pain and intermittent nausea, she presente...
Lactic acid bacteria (lab) isolated from dairy products have received increased attention as a potential food preservative due to their antagonistic activity against many food born pathogen such as listeria monocytogenes . Lab are widely distributed in the nature, they are typically involved in a large number of the sp...