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The main reasons for the widespread use of thyroid sonography are availability, low cost, limited discomfort to the patient, and absence of ionizing radiation . Sonography has many favourable features, such as detection of nonpalpable nodules, estimation of nodule size / goiter volume, and guidance for fine needle biop...
Dental caries is a multifactorial disease caused by interactions between acidogenic bacteria, biofilm and individual caries risk factors (e.g., saliva composition, fluoride exposure and dietary components). In a global context, its prevalence is still high, particularly in children . Because dental caries is preventabl...
Ubb, a loss - of - function variant of ubiquitin b (ubb), accumulates in neurofibrillary tangles, a pathological hallmark in alzheimer s disease (ad) (van leeuwen et al ., 1998). Ubb is translated from an aberrant mrna encoding a + 1 frameshift protein in which the c - terminal glycine residue required for ubiquitylati...
Pseudomonas aeruginosa (p. aeruginosa) is an aerobic gram - negative bacterium; that is ubiquitous, exist in aqueous habitats, and take advantage of humid environments . It is also saprophytic and naturally resistant to antibiotics (beta - lactams, hydrophilic), and may become an opportunistic pathogen responsible for ...
Oral cancer is considered as an international health disease that affects an individual's health, psychology, lifestyle, and loads the whole family with its effect . On the other hand, these kinds of diseases load the governments as well with economical overheads including the need for developmental programs and advanc...
Frontal fibrosing alopecia (ffa) is increasingly considered as a distinct variant of lichen planopilaris (lpp), with scarring alopecia of frontotemporal hairline and nonscarring alopecia of the eyebrows . Ffa and graham little piccardi syndrome (glps) can be considered as spectrum of a disease as per the current litera...
Iron insufficiency has been proposed to play a central role in restless legs syndrome (rls) pathophysiology indicated primarily by the secondary causes of rls such as pure iron deficiency anemia and end stage renal disease or pregnancy which are both associated with altered iron metabolism . It has also been shown that...
Percutaneous radiofrequency (rf) ablation is a minimally invasive and nonsurgical technique used to treat various solid tumors . Many studies have shown that this technique is safe and effective in treating hepatic and renal tumors [13]. Recent investigations of rf ablation s practicability and outcome as a successful ...
Paratuberculosis (map), is a disease affecting mainly domestic but also wild ruminants, including mouflons (ovis musimon; wild sheep) [13]. In wild ruminants, paratuberculosis often manifests subclinically without overt symptoms which makes the disease more concerning from an epidemiological point of view [3, 4]. Durin...
The host colonization by microbiota is a gradual and complex process initiated by the exposure of newborns to the maternal vagina or skin microbiota, according to the mode of delivery, which fluctuates throughout life due to external and internal factors, including dietary habits, antibiotic treatments and host disease...
Insulin resistance syndromes are a heterogeneous group of disorders with variable clinical phenotypes, associated with increased blood glucose and insulin levels . Hyperglycemia did not respond to age appropriate insulin dosage; therefore, insulin dosage was increased, but did not lead to appropriate glycemic control ....
Low back pain (lbp) is an extremely prevalent and costly condition, affecting over 90% of adults in the united states at some point during their lifetime.1 the prevalence of chronic lbp in the us has increased from 3.9% in 1992 to 10.2% in 2006.2 claims associated with lbp among medicare beneficiaries increased by 131....
The health benefits of the use of radiation in medical practice are nowadays widely acknowledged . Nevertheless, for instance, the risks for pregnant women, more precisely for their embryo / fetus to develop structural and functional brain defects, have been described based on epidemiological studies from atomic bomb s...
Ec coupling relies on a supramolecular complex between dhpr, which is the tt voltage sensor, and the ryr1, which is the sr ca release channel . The distinctive spatial relationship between these two proteins was revealed using freeze fracture shadowing electron microscopy . On the sr terminal cisternae side of the tria...
Parathyroid glands are located behind the thyroid gland that produces parathyroid hormones (pth). Pth has a main role in bone formation, vitamin d activation occurred in the kidney by pth that leads to intestinal absorption of calcium and phosphate re - absorption . The primary function of pth is to maintain the extrac...
Shigellosis is among the most common causes of bacterial diarrheal disease in both developing and developed countries . Shigella consists of four serogroups including serogroup a (s. dysenteriae), serogroup b (s. flexneri), serogroup c (s. boydii) and serogroup d (s. sonnei). It is one of the major causes of morbidity ...
The efficacy of antitumor necrosis factor (tnf-), infliximab, has been shown to be effective in various disease treatment including crohn s disease (cd). However, there is limited information in the use of infliximab in patients on hemodialysis . Although the highest incidence in cd is among younger generations, 1030 y...
Gastrointestinal toxicity induced by non - steroidal anti - inflammatory drugs (nsaids) is one of the major causes of peptic ulcers . Due to its widespread use, low - dose aspirin (lda), which is used for prophylaxis of atherothrombotic diseases, plays an important role in the occurrence of peptic ulcers . In japan, pr...
The axillary crutch is an assistive device that supports the gait of patients with lower limb impairments . However, crutch walking has several unresolved issues, including the appropriate length of the crutch1, crutch palsy2, palmar pain during crutch weight bearing3, and deviation of the axillary pad from the axilla ...
Breast cancer is one of the leading causes of death in women worldwide (1, 2) and is the second most common malignancy newly diagnosed in korean women . More than 15000 women were newly diagnosed with breast cancer in 2011, and breast cancer was in second (21.5%) place among all newly diagnosed cancers in korean women ...
From 1994 through 2005, epidemiologic data on animal - related injuries and associated postexposure prophylaxis (pep) treatment were prospectively collected for marseille rabies treatment centre patients . Only patients who had been injured in france were selected; rabies pep for travelers who were injured abroad is de...
Leflunomide (lef) is a disease - modifying antirheumatic drug for treating rheumatoid arthritis (ra). Its efficacy was established by double - blind, randomized controlled trials . A 5-year follow - up study demonstrated comparative safety profile as in the phase iii trial, showing no excessive pulmonary adverse event ...
To report a case of choroidal excavation accompanied by vogt - koyanagi - harada disease (vkh). A 54-year - old japanese woman who was complaining of bilateral blurring of vision associated with headache underwent optical coherence tomography (oct), fluorescein angiography, and indocyanine green angiography as well as ...
The metabolic syndrome (ms) is a complex metabolic disturbance that includes several risk factors for cardiovascular diseases, such as systemic artery hypertension, atherogenic dyslipidemia, insulin resistance (with or without glucose intolerance) and prothrombotic and proinflammatory tendencies . The syndrome is due t...
Many headache sufferers complaint that headache leads to sleep disruption in them while on the other hand, inadequate sleep leads to increased frequency, severity, and chronicity of headache . This relationship is well documented in primary headache disorders, particularly in chronic headache sufferers as compared to e...
Osteoporosis associated with hemochromatosis in men was first described by delbarre in 1960 and confirmed by pawlotsky et al . In 1979 . Hemochromatosis due to excess tissue iron storage is frequently due to a homozygous mutation, cysteine to tyrosine, c282y, in the hfe gene . The prevalence of osteoporosis in hemochro...
Osteoarthritis of the knee is a common problem in the elderly patients with a lifetime risk of symptomatic knee osteoarthritis approaching 45% . Intraarticular corticosteroid injection is a common conservative management modality in treatment of osteoarthritis of knee . Bellamy et al . In 2008 showed a well - establish...
Derived from the foxglove plant, cardiac glycosides have been used for the treatment of heart failure for more than 200 years and are continued to be used today for patients with atrial fibrillation and heart failure . Currently, cardioactive steroid toxicity has become a well - known entity that even now, continues to...
Our patient was an 8-month - old male child of indian origin and the first issue of a nonconsanguineous marriage . He presented to our center with the complaints of cough, cold, progressively increasing breathlessness, and refusal to feed over the past 3 days . Past history was elicited that the child was a full - term...
Astrocytic tumors are the most common primary glial tumors of the central nervous system, and are divided according to the degree of anaplasia and presence of necrosis into low grade astrocytomas (diffuse astrocytoma, pilocytic astrocytoma) or high grade astrocytomas (anaplastic astrocytoma, glioblastoma multiforme). G...
Surgical services in many areas of rural africa, where most of the population reside, are mostly provided by government and mission hospitals in contrast to urban areas where private hospitals play a more substantial role in fulfilling surgical needs of the involved population . Furthermore for a variety of reasons, th...
. Limitations of osteochondral grafts include limited donor site, morbidity, questionable cell viability, and fibrocartilage formation in between osteochondral plugs . Cell - based strategies have explored chondrocytes and mesenchymal stem cells (mscs) with extensive basic science and preclinical studies . However, cli...
In the gastrointestinal (gi) tract, 5-hydroxytryptamine (serotonin, 5-ht) is a major signaling molecule, which mediates gi functions (motility and secretion), emesis, nausea and pain [1, 2]. Most of colonic 5-ht is synthesized and released from mucosal enterochromaffin (ec) cells; therefore, alterations in the release ...
Undernutrition in childhood, causing wasting, fetal growth restriction, stunting, and micronutrient deficiencies, is one of the main burdens of the health system and also affects the economic and sociocultural status of society . Poverty and malnutrition play a crucial role in increasing morbidity and mortality, impair...
Night - guard bleaching is an effective and simple method for regaining the esthetic appearance of intrinsically discolored or stained teeth . There is concern about the adverse effect of bleaching materials on existing restorations in the oral cavity . Many studies have reported that there is little evidence of bleach...
The genomes of higher organisms are littered with repetitive sequence elements, and evidence for how this came to be is accumulating through a combination of bench work and bioinformatics . Long interspersed nuclear elements (lines or l1s) are retrotransposons that have generated integrated dna copies of themselves thr...
Within clinical trials (cts) there are three dimensions where activities, their duration, and the conditions on which these time - bound activities unfold decide the fate of the study . These are: (1) assessment of safety prediction if a potential medicinal product will have any safety concerns through the evaluation o...
From may 2004 to may 2006, we conducted face - to - face interviews with diabetic patients aged 18 years attending clinics affiliated with an academic medical center (university of chicago, chicago, il) or physician offices affiliated with a suburban hospital (macneal hospital, berwyn, il). Before conducting the study,...
Metaiodobenzylguanidine (mibg) is an agent that is specifically taken up by sympathetic nervous system tissues, including neuroblastoma tumors . I - mibg plays an essential role in the diagnostic evaluation of patients with neuroblastoma . In addition, high - dose i - mibg therapy is an important part of the treatment ...
Role of food acids as the main cause of erosion has been documented in numerous studies . Dentin hypersensitivity is usually associated with cervical erosion and has been suggested as a direct clinical outcome of erosion . Clinical pattern of erosion includes porosities in dentin surrounded by a prominent enamel margin...
Coarctation of the aorta is a localised stenosis of the aorta, most commonly located just distal to the origin of the left subclavian artery and closely related to the attachment of the ductus arteriosus with the aorta . Frequently associated congenital defects are a bicuspid aortic valve, valvular and subvalvular aort...
Onchocerciasis is a vector - borne parasitic disease caused by infection with the filarial nematode onchocerca volvulus and can result in eye or skin lesions . Although adult worms can live for years under the skin in fibrous nodules that are often palpable, morbidity is caused by the body's immune reaction to the micr...
Uterine granuloma is a rare entity and may be either focal or diffuse in nature . Diffuse granulomas represent a local reaction without an obvious cause or may be associated with infection or systemic granulomatous disorders . Infective conditions associated with uterine granulomas could be tuberculosis, atypical mycob...
At 23 years of age, our patient presented with a palpable neck mass with no other underlying disease . Sonographic findings revealed an enlarged isoechoic mass (42.52.5 cm) with peripheral rim - like calcification in the right lobe of the thyroid . A preoperative diagnosis of papillary thyroid carcinoma was determined ...
Spontaneous intracranial hypotension (sih) is an increasingly recognised syndrome with the hallmark of orthostatic headache (oh). Pathophysiology suggests spontaneous leakage of cerebrospinal fluid (csf) through a spinal meningeal fistula.1 diagnosis of sih remains challenging and the criteria of the international head...
Aerial parts are used in the treatment of kidney stones, hypertension, fever and cough (http://www.forestry.gov.my/). The earlier studies have shown that endophytic microorganisms isolated from medicinal plants produce the same metabolites as their hosts . Therefore, there is a great potential in exploring endophytes a...
A 41-year - old male injection drug user was brought to the emergency department unresponsive, febrile and hypotensive . Initial investigations revealed a white blood cell count of 19.310/l; urinalysis, chest x - ray and abdominal computed tomography were all unremarkable . Fluid resuscitation, vasopressor support and ...
A 38-year - old man came to the netherlands in january 2009 to work as a rigger in the harbor of rotterdam . Since october 2008, he had lived in kapit, sarawak, in borneo and hunted wild animals in the surrounding jungles . One week after arriving in the netherlands, he came to our hospital with a 5-day history of feve...
Fibroblasts are one of the most commonly used somatic cells to produce induced pluripotent stem (ips) cells [1, 2]. Therefore, it is essential to determine the genetic and epigenetic stability of fibroblasts in long - term culture . It has been shown that long - term in vitro culture of somatic cells increases the risk...
The most recent introduction to the dental ceramics family is zirconia, which in its pure form is a polymorphic material . Fabrication of fixed prosthesis involves layering of metallic substructure or all ceramic core structure with an aesthetic ceramic veneering material . The underlying substructure provides the requ...
Hodgkin s lymphoma was first described in 1832, but the nature of the pathognomic reed - sternberg cells, on which diagnosis of the disease is based has only been cleared in the past few years . Radiotherapy has been employed for treatment of localized disease from the 1940s and combination chemotherapy was presented f...
Internal limiting membrane (ilm) free autografts have been used to repair refractory macular holes instead of using conventional surgical techniques like vitrectomy and peeling off the ilm, with encouraging results according to several authors . Furthermore, to treat retinal tears in retinal detachment surgery, laser t...
Laser in situ keratomileusis (lasik) has a high rate of improving uncorrected snellen visual acuity (1), however it can degrade the quality of vision, resulting in reports of reduced night vision clarity, glare, and halos (2). The contrast sensitivity test more effectively evaluates the visual quality over a range of s...
Introduction of imaging modalities, especially magnetic resonance (mr), and of modern methods of neurosurgery and pharmacotherapy revolutionized diagnosis and therapy of pituitary tumors . Currently, mr is the method of choice for imaging of the pituitary gland and the perisellar area . Advanced mr techniques mr diffus...
Mosquitoes, the most important group of nuisance pest insects, due to their diversity and abundance, demonstrated vector competence and frequent infection in nature, they are regarded as one of the most important vectors of diseases (sardelis et al . 2008a, b). Tracking the movement of mosquitoes in their natural habit...
Crimean - congo hemorrhagic fever (cchf) is a fatal infectious disease with an average death rate of 50% . The disease is caused by the nairovirus group from the bunyaviridae family (1) and is transmitted through the saliva of blood - sucking arthropods (ixodidae ticks), or by contact with the blood and tissues of infe...
Dogs: four adult male and 4 adult female beagle dogs were used in this study . It was carried out in accordance with hokkaido university guidelines for the care and use of experimental animals, which basically conform to those of the association for assessment and accreditation of laboratory animal care (aaalac) intern...
Extensive research has shown that some of our fastest motor reactions express a degree of sophistication which rivals voluntary actions but little is known about the neural substrates which underlie this sophistication . The present monkey and human studies test whether primary motor cortex (m1) provides a neural subst...
Interest in vertebrate head segments first arose because of a transcendental concept of morphology [goethe 1790 (cited in gaupp 1898), 1820] and was subsequently revived in the search for a common embryonic design reflecting the morphology of a common ancestor (goodrich 1930). Current studies of vertebrate head segment...
In 2002, a global study reported that the us had among the highest reported age standardized incidence rate of bladder cancer (24.1/100,000). The national cancer institute (nci) estimated that in 2009, there would be approximately 70,980 new cases and 14,330 deaths from bladder cancer in the usa . Despite reduced expos...
Malignant melanoma is the sixth most common uk cancer whose incidence continues to increase year on year . Whilst new therapies are being developed, advanced metastatic melanoma is invariably fatal . The number of transplant procedures performed annually continues to increase, partly owing to our ageing population . Mo...
It is vital to fully define the normal oral microbial flora before we begin to understand the role of bacteria in oral cancer as there is a distinctive predominant healthy bacterial flora of the oral cavity that is site - specific and highly diverse before delving into their apparent role in tumorigenesis . More than 7...
Native horses of the iberian peninsula have played an important role in the development of current american horse breeds . Approximately 10,000 years ago, north and south american equus species became extinct for several reasons (grooves and ryder, 2000). Horses returned to the americas during the second trip of christ...
Pseudoexfoliation syndrome (pes) is characterized by the production and accumulation of fibrillar extracellular material within the ocular tissue . The presence of pes is of paramount clinical importance in patients undergoing cataract surgery, because it is associated with a high rate of complications such as zonular ...
Patient e - mail on workload and payment for services and the security of doctor patient e - mail.7 one clinical trial showed no effect of e - mail on decreasing call volume for providers.8 patients also have concerns about the security of doctor patient e - mail,11 and how long it would take doctors to respond online....
Water, the most abundant molecule in living cells, is required for various vital life functions including the regulation of cell and organelle volume . Changes in cell volume are known to occur during cell secretion, in erythrocyte maturation, during cell growth and differentiation, and in cell migration and metabolism...
The term acute renal failure (arf) is currently substituted by acute kidney injury (aki). Aki is a reversible condition in which there is a sudden decline in renal function, manifested by hourly / daily / weekly elevation in serum creatinine and blood urea nitrogen (bun). Different organizations such as acute dialysis ...
Bcg scar is a surrogate marker of vaccination and an important index in the vaccination program . However scar failure is a well - known phenomenon with prevalence varying from 1% to 20% in term infants in different studies worldwide . Apart from protection against severe forms of tb, bcg also has a non - tb - related ...
Hypertension is the most frequently treated disease, and can lead to cardiovascularand renal complications in patients who could not achieve their blood pressure goals . The activation of renin - angiotensin - aldosterine system (raas) is one of the established pathogenesis of hypertension, and blocking agents of renin...
Dipeptidyl peptidase (dpp)4 inhibitors enhance the activity of endogenous incretin hormones1, which are important prandial stimulators of insulin secretion, and exhibit other physiological actions, such as reducing bowel motility1 . In addition to their glucoselowering effects, dpp4 inhibitors have potential adverse ef...
The progress currently observed in the field of organic electronics is a result of a combined effort of several communities . Synthetic chemists have identified classes of promising compounds, ranging from small conjugated molecules to self - assembling oligomers and conjugated polymers, and developed new synthetic rou...
Our demonstration that the 4,6-o - benzylidene - directed -mannopyranosylation reaction proceeds via the coupling of a highly reactive -mannosyl triflate with an acceptor alcohol without the need for a promoter provided a rare opportunity to study an important class of glycosylation reaction in detail . The rapidity of...
Radiotherapy plays an important role in the treatment of thoracic cancers, such as non - small - cell lung cancer (nsclc), small - cell lung cancer (sclc), and esophageal cancer [1, 2]. Recent advances in accurate diagnosis improve the practice of curative radiotherapy, because patients with unsuspected metastases may ...
The recurrence of lung cancer after complete resection generally results in a poor prognostic situation with less than one year of life expectancy . When a single lung nodule is detected during follow - up, it is usually one of the manifestations of the systemic metastasis . However, one distinct feature is a second pr...
The anterior cruciate ligament (acl) is a site injured frequently; consequently, acl reconstructions are widely performed . Despite recent improvements in acl reconstruction, subsequent graft ruptures, residual instability, and limited sports performance after surgery acl remnants may potentially enhance revascularizat...
The common causes of chronic liver disease are viral hepatitis, alcohol abuse, and metabolic disorders . These result in hepatocytes damage, the consequence of which may be liver fibrosis, cirrhosis, and/or hepatocellular carcinoma . Accurate evaluation of the severity of disease is crucial for treatment planning, that...
Study area and population - this study was performed in 2009 in the communities of buriti seco and morro grande, which pertain to pedra preta, a little village in a schistosomiasis endemic area of the rural region of montes claros, state of minas gerais, brazil . This area was chosen because the population shows a low ...
Mycoplasma pneumoniae is an important cause of respiratory tract infections including community - acquired pneumonia . It has been suggested that the pathogen may also play a role in the development of atherosclerosis . This hypothesis is supported by the ability of m. pneumoniae to cause extrapulmonary manifestations ...
In einstein's theory of general relativity, linearization of the field equations demonstrates that small perturbations of the metric obey a wave equation . These small disturbances, referred to as gravitational waves, travel at the speed of light . However, some other gravity theories predict a dispersive propagation (...
Proper signal transmission by protein kinases requires that they phosphorylate specific substrates at defined sites . Multiple mechanisms can act in concert to provide substrate specificity for kinases, including kinase - substrate colocalization, compartmentalization through the use of scaffold proteins, substrate rec...
How signaling molecules enable cells of multicellular organisms to communicate and assemble tissues and organs is a central question in biology . Embryo manipulation and molecular genetics established that a surprisingly small number of secreted proteins of only a handful of conserved gene families govern a multitude o...
The migration of cells and tissues is fundamental to metazoan life, driving tissue morphogenesis, homoeostasis and defence . Cell migration requires dynamic reorganization of the actin cytoskeleton, with filaments providing mechanical support of protrusion of the front and retraction of the rear . The lamellipodium, a ...
Each year, streptococcus pneumoniae causes more than 800,000 deaths worldwide in children under 5 years of age . Currently marketed s. pneumoniae vaccines, which are based on polysaccharide capsular antigens from the most common strains, have substantially reduced pneumococcal disease rates . However, because serotypes...
In 1962, bartter et al . Described a clinical syndrome characterized by hypokalemia, metabolic alkalosis, hyperreninemia, hyperaldosteronism and normal blood pressure . It occurs mostly in childhood or adolescence, and initial presentation in patients over 40 years of age was very rare . Neverthless, neverthless, the s...
There were no conflicts of interest, sources of financial support, corporate involvement, patent holdings, etc . Involved in the research and preparation of this case report . There were any soure of founding, sponsors for collection, analysis and interpretation of data; in the writing of the manuscript; and in the dec...
Chronic renal failure is accompanied by a deficiency state in both cell - mediated and humoral immunity which is deepened by hemodialysis (hd). A direct contact of the patient s peripheral blood mononuclear cells (pbmc) with an artificial membrane increases the production of pro - inflammatory cytokines: tumor necrosis...
Asymmetric cell division is key to cellular differentiation, and one intriguing aspect of such asymmetry is that a young and immaculate cell can be generated from an aged and deteriorated one (aguilaniu et al ., 2003, higuchi et al ., 2013, hughes and gottschling, 2012, liu et al ., 2010, shcheprova et al ., 2008). In ...
Approximately 67% of siadh cases are reported to be caused by cancer, the majority of which (70%) are linked to small cell carcinoma of the lung (1). Head and neck cancers are responsible for only 1.5% of siadh cases; however, the majority of these cases have the histology of small cell carcinoma (2). There have been s...
A case report and review of orbital aspergillosis treatment with voriconazole in the english language literature . Amphotericin b with debridement is the current standard of care for orbital aspergillosis; however, its prognosis is unfavorable . When compared to amphotericin b, voriconazole demonstrates a survival bene...
Studies have shown that acute stress increases nociceptive thresholds [14], leading to the possibility that stress, in general, produces stress - induced analgesia (sia). However, more and more evidence in animal experiments suggests that repeated or prolonged stress can decrease nociceptive thresholds [1, 513]. For ex...
It is very important and significant for doctors to determine the status of vascular - related diseases such as thrombosis and arteriosclerosis and to precisely visualize the three - dimensional (3d) structure of the vasculature before surgery [13]. In dental fields, understanding the 3d structure of the vasculature is...
Hepatocellular carcinoma (hcc) is a common cancer, and its treatment is difficult . A locoregional treatment may be proposed to certain patients, involving either chemoembolization or radioembolization . For radioembolization, i - lipiodol has been used for many years with good results, but its use is limited by major ...
Mucosal cysts of the minor salivary glands are oral soft - tissue lesions that arise as dome - shaped swellings seen commonly on mucosal surface of lower lips and buccal mucosa . Many modalities of treatment for mucosal cysts exist, including excision and suturing, deroofing, marsupialisation, radiosurgery and cryother...
Awareness of the need for evidence - informed practice has been growing within the massage therapy profession in north america . Initiatives such as the canadian massage therapy research network and the massage therapy foundation (the foundation) have been launched to promote and support research literacy and capacity ...
As a service to our authors and readers, this journal provides supporting information supplied by the authors . Such materials are peer reviewed and may be re - organized for online delivery, but are not copy - edited or typeset . Technical support issues arising from supporting information (other than missing files) s...
Papillary thyroid microcarcinoma (ptmc) is defined as a papillary thyroid carcinoma that's equal to or less than 1.0 cm at the greatest dimension according to the world health organization classification system for thyroid tumors (1). The prevalence of ptmc in the general population with no thyroid disease is reportedl...
Every year, influenza a viruses (iavs) cause epidemic outbreaks of respiratory tract infection resulting in excess morbidity and mortality . Especially individuals with certain underlying medical conditions and the elderly are at risk for complications of influenza.therefore, it is recommended to vaccinate these indivi...
Patients diagnosed with absssi or cabp were identified through sequential review of randomly ordered charts generated from pharmacy listings at participating institutions from august 2011 to february 2013 . Acute bacterial skin and skin structure infection was diagnosed where infection involved deep soft tissues or req...