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Instructions: Find the relevant paragraphs that contain the answers for the following questions, and copy the entire question and paragraph together. ----------------------------------------------------------- Questions: How fast do objects fall on Earth? What is an object's mass proportional to at the surface of ...	Answers: How fast do objects fall on Earth? What is an object's mass proportional to at the surface of the Earth? → What we now call gravity was not identified as a universal force until the work of Isaac Newton. Before Newton, the tendency for objects to fall towards the Earth was not understood to be related to the ...
Instructions: Find the relevant paragraphs that contain the answers for the following questions, and copy the entire question and paragraph together. ----------------------------------------------------------- Questions: What did the development of this fertile soil provide in hostile environment? What type of soi...	Answers: What did the development of this fertile soil provide in hostile environment? What type of soil is considered a product of soil management by indigenous peoples in the Amazon Forest? → Terra preta (black earth), which is distributed over large areas in the Amazon forest, is now widely accepted as a product of...
Instructions: Find the relevant paragraphs that contain the answers for the following questions, and copy the entire question and paragraph together. ----------------------------------------------------------- Questions: What is the only form potential energy can change into? What is the force called rgarding a po...	Answers: What is the only form potential energy can change into? What is the force called rgarding a potential field between two locations? → A conservative force that acts on a closed system has an associated mechanical work that allows energy to convert only between kinetic or potential forms. This means that for a ...
Instructions: Find the relevant paragraphs that contain the answers for the following questions, and copy the entire question and paragraph together. ----------------------------------------------------------- Questions: What type of fault boundary is defined by having widespread powerful earthquakes, as in the st...	Answers: What type of fault boundary is defined by having widespread powerful earthquakes, as in the state of California? Whose theory was the theory of continental drift? → The development of plate tectonics provided a physical basis for many observations of the solid Earth. Long linear regions of geologic features c...
Instructions: Find the relevant paragraphs that contain the answers for the following questions, and copy the entire question and paragraph together. ----------------------------------------------------------- Questions: About how many of the Asian population was Hmong? How many people lived in Fresno in 2000, acc...	Answers: About how many of the Asian population was Hmong? How many people lived in Fresno in 2000, according to the Census Bureau? → As of the census of 2000, there were 427,652 people, 140,079 households, and 97,915 families residing in the city. The population density was 4,097.9 people per square mile (1,582.2/km...
Instructions: Find the relevant paragraphs that contain the answers for the following questions, and copy the entire question and paragraph together. ----------------------------------------------------------- Questions: WHat do x.25 and Frame Relay both require What is a typical configuration Who founded McKinse...	Answers: WHat do x.25 and Frame Relay both require What is a typical configuration → Both X.25 and Frame Relay provide connection-oriented operations. But X.25 does it at the network layer of the OSI Model. Frame Relay does it at level two, the data link layer. Another major difference between X.25 and Frame Relay is ...
Instructions: Find the relevant paragraphs that contain the answers for the following questions, and copy the entire question and paragraph together. ----------------------------------------------------------- Questions: What is an example of a mechanical barrier on leaves? The flushing action of what expels patho...	Answers: What is an example of a mechanical barrier on leaves? The flushing action of what expels pathogens from the eyes? → Several barriers protect organisms from infection, including mechanical, chemical, and biological barriers. The waxy cuticle of many leaves, the exoskeleton of insects, the shells and membranes ...
Instructions: Find the relevant paragraphs that contain the answers for the following questions, and copy the entire question and paragraph together. ----------------------------------------------------------- Questions: What is typically used to broadly define complexity measures? A complexity resource can also b...	Answers: What is typically used to broadly define complexity measures? A complexity resource can also be described as what other type of resource? → Analogous definitions can be made for space requirements. Although time and space are the most well-known complexity resources, any complexity measure can be viewed as a ...
Instructions: Find the relevant paragraphs that contain the answers for the following questions, and copy the entire question and paragraph together. ----------------------------------------------------------- Questions: When did O2 begin to acculturate in the atmosphere? To what type of organisms is oxygen toxic?...	Answers: When did O2 begin to acculturate in the atmosphere? To what type of organisms is oxygen toxic? → Reactive oxygen species, such as superoxide ion (O− 2) and hydrogen peroxide (H 2O 2), are dangerous by-products of oxygen use in organisms. Parts of the immune system of higher organisms create peroxide, superoxi...
Instructions: Find the relevant paragraphs that contain the answers for the following questions, and copy the entire question and paragraph together. ----------------------------------------------------------- Questions: What form of poetry was developed in the Yuan? What dynasty shared artistic inspiration with t...	Answers: What form of poetry was developed in the Yuan? What dynasty shared artistic inspiration with the Yuan? → In the China of the Yuan, or Mongol era, various important developments in the arts occurred or continued in their development, including the areas of painting, mathematics, calligraphy, poetry, and theate...
Instructions: Find the relevant paragraphs that contain the answers for the following questions, and copy the entire question and paragraph together. ----------------------------------------------------------- Questions: what do conquering people pass down to native populations? What is colonialism's core meaning?...	Answers: what do conquering people pass down to native populations? What is colonialism's core meaning? → Imperialism and colonialism both dictate the political and economic advantage over a land and the indigenous populations they control, yet scholars sometimes find it difficult to illustrate the difference between ...
Instructions: Find the relevant paragraphs that contain the answers for the following questions, and copy the entire question and paragraph together. ----------------------------------------------------------- Questions: What is the conventional measurement of the Rhine? Where does the Rhine river's measurement e...	Answers: What is the conventional measurement of the Rhine? Where does the Rhine river's measurement end? → The length of the Rhine is conventionally measured in "Rhine-kilometers" (Rheinkilometer), a scale introduced in 1939 which runs from the Old Rhine Bridge at Constance (0 km) to Hoek van Holland (1036.20 km). T...
Instructions: Find the relevant paragraphs that contain the answers for the following questions, and copy the entire question and paragraph together. ----------------------------------------------------------- Questions: When did the Rhine become borders with Francia? Who sold the Upper Rhine to Burgundy? -------...	Answers: When did the Rhine become borders with Francia? Who sold the Upper Rhine to Burgundy? → By the 6th century, the Rhine was within the borders of Francia. In the 9th, it formed part of the border between Middle and Western Francia, but in the 10th century, it was fully within the Holy Roman Empire, flowing thro...
Instructions: Find the relevant paragraphs that contain the answers for the following questions, and copy the entire question and paragraph together. ----------------------------------------------------------- Questions: In what year was the Alan Turing's definitional model of a computing device received? In the m...	Answers: In what year was the Alan Turing's definitional model of a computing device received? In the most basic sense what did a Turing machine emulate? → Before the actual research explicitly devoted to the complexity of algorithmic problems started off, numerous foundations were laid out by various researchers. Mos...
Instructions: Find the relevant paragraphs that contain the answers for the following questions, and copy the entire question and paragraph together. ----------------------------------------------------------- Questions: In considering Turing machines and alternate variables, what measurement left unaffected by co...	Answers: In considering Turing machines and alternate variables, what measurement left unaffected by conversion between machine models? What is an example of a machine model that deviates from a generally accepted multi-tape Turing machine? → Many machine models different from the standard multi-tape Turing machines ...
Instructions: Find the relevant paragraphs that contain the answers for the following questions, and copy the entire question and paragraph together. ----------------------------------------------------------- Questions: When did Prime Minister Wilson commit to some form of devolved legislature? Which sea was oil ...	Answers: When did Prime Minister Wilson commit to some form of devolved legislature? Which sea was oil discovered in? → During this time, the discovery of oil in the North Sea and the following "It's Scotland's oil" campaign of the Scottish National Party (SNP) resulted in rising support for Scottish independence, as ...
Instructions: Find the relevant paragraphs that contain the answers for the following questions, and copy the entire question and paragraph together. ----------------------------------------------------------- Questions: How long has the imagery of the mermaid been used by Warsaw? What is polish for "mermaid"? Ho...	Answers: How long has the imagery of the mermaid been used by Warsaw? What is polish for "mermaid"? → The mermaid (syrenka) is Warsaw's symbol and can be found on statues throughout the city and on the city's coat of arms. This imagery has been in use since at least the mid-14th century. The oldest existing armed seal...
Instructions: Find the relevant paragraphs that contain the answers for the following questions, and copy the entire question and paragraph together. ----------------------------------------------------------- Questions: What is another notable university in Warsaw after the University of Warsaw? King Sigimund's C...	Answers: What is another notable university in Warsaw after the University of Warsaw? King Sigimund's Column is an example of what kind of attraction in Warsaw? → The city is the seat of a Roman Catholic archdiocese (left bank of the Vistula) and diocese (right bank), and possesses various universities, most notably t...
Instructions: Find the relevant paragraphs that contain the answers for the following questions, and copy the entire question and paragraph together. ----------------------------------------------------------- Questions: What is something that is often torn up and included in sedimentary rock? Xenoliths are picked...	Answers: What is something that is often torn up and included in sedimentary rock? Xenoliths are picked up by what and deposited into the matrix of igneous rocks? → The principle of inclusions and components states that, with sedimentary rocks, if inclusions (or clasts) are found in a formation, then the inclusions m...
Instructions: Find the relevant paragraphs that contain the answers for the following questions, and copy the entire question and paragraph together. ----------------------------------------------------------- Questions: Whose puppet did Islamists accuse the Saudi regime of being? Whose occupation of Kuwait did th...	Answers: Whose puppet did Islamists accuse the Saudi regime of being? Whose occupation of Kuwait did the US military personal seek to put an end to? → Another factor in the early 1990s that worked to radicalize the Islamist movement was the Gulf War, which brought several hundred thousand US and allied non-Muslim mili...
Instructions: Find the relevant paragraphs that contain the answers for the following questions, and copy the entire question and paragraph together. ----------------------------------------------------------- Questions: What were the civil wars caused by the Huguenots called? Which successor to Henry resumed pers...	Answers: What were the civil wars caused by the Huguenots called? Which successor to Henry resumed persecution of the Huguenots? → By 1620 the Huguenots were on the defensive, and the government increasingly applied pressure. A series of three small civil wars known as the Huguenot rebellions broke out, mainly in sout...
Instructions: Find the relevant paragraphs that contain the answers for the following questions, and copy the entire question and paragraph together. ----------------------------------------------------------- Questions: The mountain ranges tail off into what kind of geographical formation? What type of landscapes...	Answers: The mountain ranges tail off into what kind of geographical formation? What type of landscapes other than geologic and natural ecosystem landscapes can be found in southern California? → Southern California consists of one of the more varied collections of geologic, topographic, and natural ecosystem landscap...
Instructions: Find the relevant paragraphs that contain the answers for the following questions, and copy the entire question and paragraph together. ----------------------------------------------------------- Questions: The French church in Portarlington was built when? What Irish cities had Huguenot mayors in th...	Answers: The French church in Portarlington was built when? What Irish cities had Huguenot mayors in the 1600s and 1700s? → A number of Huguenots served as mayors in Dublin, Cork, Youghal and Waterford in the 17th and 18th centuries. Numerous signs of Huguenot presence can still be seen with names still in use, and wi...
Instructions: Find the relevant paragraphs that contain the answers for the following questions, and copy the entire question and paragraph together. ----------------------------------------------------------- Questions: What did Graham Twigg publish in 1984? What did Shrewsbury note about the plague? What organi...	Answers: What did Graham Twigg publish in 1984? What did Shrewsbury note about the plague? → The plague theory was first significantly challenged by the work of British bacteriologist J. F. D. Shrewsbury in 1970, who noted that the reported rates of mortality in rural areas during the 14th-century pandemic were incons...
Instructions: Find the relevant paragraphs that contain the answers for the following questions, and copy the entire question and paragraph together. ----------------------------------------------------------- Questions: How many city officials were indicted due to corruption? How were most city officials elected ...	Answers: How many city officials were indicted due to corruption? How were most city officials elected in the 1960s? → In the mid-1960s, corruption scandals began to arise among many of the city's officials, who were mainly elected through the traditional old boy network. After a grand jury was convened to investigate...
Instructions: Find the relevant paragraphs that contain the answers for the following questions, and copy the entire question and paragraph together. ----------------------------------------------------------- Questions: How fast do objects fall on Earth? Where was the measurment for the standard gravity on Earth ...	Answers: How fast do objects fall on Earth? Where was the measurment for the standard gravity on Earth taken? → What we now call gravity was not identified as a universal force until the work of Isaac Newton. Before Newton, the tendency for objects to fall towards the Earth was not understood to be related to the moti...
Instructions: Find the relevant paragraphs that contain the answers for the following questions, and copy the entire question and paragraph together. ----------------------------------------------------------- Questions: What did Stiglitz present in 2009 regarding global inequality? What has been the main reason f...	Answers: What did Stiglitz present in 2009 regarding global inequality? What has been the main reason for the shift to the view that income inequality harms growth? → Economist Joseph Stiglitz presented evidence in 2009 that both global inequality and inequality within countries prevent growth by limiting aggregate de...
Instructions: Find the relevant paragraphs that contain the answers for the following questions, and copy the entire question and paragraph together. ----------------------------------------------------------- Questions: What is one supplementary source of European Union law? Which two courts apply European Union ...	Answers: What is one supplementary source of European Union law? Which two courts apply European Union law? → European Union law is applied by the courts of member states and the Court of Justice of the European Union. Where the laws of member states provide for lesser rights European Union law can be enforced by the ...
Instructions: Find the relevant paragraphs that contain the answers for the following questions, and copy the entire question and paragraph together. ----------------------------------------------------------- Questions: What allows the adaptive immune system to react faster and more strongly each subsequent time ...	Answers: What allows the adaptive immune system to react faster and more strongly each subsequent time a pathogen is encountered? What is the first line of defense against pathogens that prevents them from entering an organism? → The immune system protects organisms from infection with layered defenses of increasing s...
Instructions: Find the relevant paragraphs that contain the answers for the following questions, and copy the entire question and paragraph together. ----------------------------------------------------------- Questions: Stromatoveris is similair to which genus? How old were the fossils found in China? ----------...	Answers: Stromatoveris is similair to which genus? How old were the fossils found in China? → The early Cambrian sessile frond-like fossil Stromatoveris, from China's Chengjiang lagerstätte and dated to about 515 million years ago, is very similar to Vendobionta of the preceding Ediacaran period. De-Gan Shu, Simon Con...
Instructions: Find the relevant paragraphs that contain the answers for the following questions, and copy the entire question and paragraph together. ----------------------------------------------------------- Questions: Who won the Ekstraklasa Championship in 2000? When did Polonia Warsaw win the country's champi...	Answers: Who won the Ekstraklasa Championship in 2000? When did Polonia Warsaw win the country's championship prior to 2000? → Their local rivals, Polonia Warsaw, have significantly fewer supporters, yet they managed to win Ekstraklasa Championship in 2000. They also won the country’s championship in 1946, and won the...
Instructions: Find the relevant paragraphs that contain the answers for the following questions, and copy the entire question and paragraph together. ----------------------------------------------------------- Questions: What was the trend of female student population from 1970s and deyond? What was the ratio of m...	Answers: What was the trend of female student population from 1970s and deyond? What was the ratio of men to women at Harvard/Radcliffe? → Women remained segregated at Radcliffe, though more and more took Harvard classes. Nonetheless, Harvard's undergraduate population remained predominantly male, with about four men ...
Instructions: Find the relevant paragraphs that contain the answers for the following questions, and copy the entire question and paragraph together. ----------------------------------------------------------- Questions: What was the average duty of a low-pressure Watt engine? What was the ideal duty of a Newcomen...	Answers: What was the average duty of a low-pressure Watt engine? What was the ideal duty of a Newcomen engine? → The historical measure of a steam engine's energy efficiency was its "duty". The concept of duty was first introduced by Watt in order to illustrate how much more efficient his engines were over the earlie...
Instructions: Find the relevant paragraphs that contain the answers for the following questions, and copy the entire question and paragraph together. ----------------------------------------------------------- Questions: In what sense must you be observing the curvature of space-time? What theory best explains gra...	Answers: In what sense must you be observing the curvature of space-time? What theory best explains gravity? → Since then, and so far, general relativity has been acknowledged as the theory that best explains gravity. In GR, gravitation is not viewed as a force, but rather, objects moving freely in gravitational field...
Instructions: Find the relevant paragraphs that contain the answers for the following questions, and copy the entire question and paragraph together. ----------------------------------------------------------- Questions: What was invented by Savery? What was the first true engine that was commercially successful? ...	Answers: What was invented by Savery? What was the first true engine that was commercially successful? → The first commercially successful true engine, in that it could generate power and transmit it to a machine, was the atmospheric engine, invented by Thomas Newcomen around 1712. It was an improvement over Savery's ...
Instructions: Find the relevant paragraphs that contain the answers for the following questions, and copy the entire question and paragraph together. ----------------------------------------------------------- Questions: What is a turbine's theoretical Carnot efficiency? What is the approximate condenser temperatu...	Answers: What is a turbine's theoretical Carnot efficiency? What is the approximate condenser temperature in a turbine? → The efficiency of a Rankine cycle is usually limited by the working fluid. Without the pressure reaching supercritical levels for the working fluid, the temperature range the cycle can operate over...
Instructions: Find the relevant paragraphs that contain the answers for the following questions, and copy the entire question and paragraph together. ----------------------------------------------------------- Questions: What are examples of differentiated effector cells that peak during wake periods? Inflammation...	Answers: What are examples of differentiated effector cells that peak during wake periods? Inflammation occurs during sleep times because of the presence of what molecule? → In contrast, during wake periods differentiated effector cells, such as cytotoxic natural killer cells and CTLs (cytotoxic T lymphocytes), peak i...
Instructions: Find the relevant paragraphs that contain the answers for the following questions, and copy the entire question and paragraph together. ----------------------------------------------------------- Questions: What is the upper range of annual fees for non-boarding students in British public schools? At...	Answers: What is the upper range of annual fees for non-boarding students in British public schools? At A-level, what percentage of British students attend fee-paying schools? → Private schools generally prefer to be called independent schools, because of their freedom to operate outside of government and local govern...
Instructions: Find the relevant paragraphs that contain the answers for the following questions, and copy the entire question and paragraph together. ----------------------------------------------------------- Questions: What river is larger than the Rhine? Where does the Rhine empty? ----------------------------...	Answers: What river is larger than the Rhine? Where does the Rhine empty? → The Rhine (Romansh: Rein, German: Rhein, French: le Rhin, Dutch: Rijn) is a European river that begins in the Swiss canton of Graubünden in the southeastern Swiss Alps, forms part of the Swiss-Austrian, Swiss-Liechtenstein border, Swiss-German...
Instructions: Find the relevant paragraphs that contain the answers for the following questions, and copy the entire question and paragraph together. ----------------------------------------------------------- Questions: Who decides how land or property is allowed to be used? What topic do private bills typically ...	Answers: Who decides how land or property is allowed to be used? What topic do private bills typically have? → A further type of committee is normally set up to scrutinise private bills submitted to the Scottish Parliament by an outside party or promoter who is not a member of the Scottish Parliament or Scottish Gover...