triplets list | passage stringlengths 0 32.9k | label stringlengths 4 48 ⌀ | label_id int64 0 1k ⌀ | synonyms list | __index_level_1__ int64 312 64.1k ⌀ | __index_level_0__ int64 0 2.4k ⌀ |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
[
"Third Servile War",
"participant",
"Ganicus"
] | null | null | null | null | 5 | |
[
"Third Servile War",
"different from",
"Spartacist uprising"
] | null | null | null | null | 7 | |
[
"Third Servile War",
"participant",
"Crixus"
] | Defeat of the consular armies (72 BC)
In the spring of 72 BC, the escaped slaves left their winter encampments and began to move northwards towards Cisalpine Gaul. The Senate, alarmed by the size of the revolt and the defeat of the praetorian armies of Glaber and Varinius, dispatched a pair of consular legions under th... | null | null | null | null | 8 |
[
"Third Servile War",
"topic's main category",
"Category:Third Servile War"
] | null | null | null | null | 14 | |
[
"Messinian",
"followed by",
"Zanclean"
] | null | null | null | null | 3 | |
[
"Messinian",
"follows",
"Tortonian"
] | null | null | null | null | 4 | |
[
"Messinian",
"significant event",
"Messinian salinity crisis"
] | null | null | null | null | 6 | |
[
"Messinian",
"topic's main category",
"Category:Messinian"
] | null | null | null | null | 10 | |
[
"War of Mutina",
"participant",
"Mark Antony"
] | null | null | null | null | 3 | |
[
"War of Mutina",
"participant",
"Ancient Rome"
] | null | null | null | null | 6 | |
[
"Numantine War",
"topic's main category",
"Category:Numantine War"
] | null | null | null | null | 1 | |
[
"Numantine War",
"participant",
"Vettones"
] | null | null | null | null | 4 | |
[
"Numantine War",
"participant",
"Ancient Rome"
] | null | null | null | null | 5 | |
[
"Numantine War",
"participant",
"Vaccaei"
] | null | null | null | null | 6 | |
[
"Numantine War",
"participant",
"Arevaci"
] | The first war was fought contemporaneously with the Lusitanian War in Hispania Ulterior. The Lusitanians were subdued by Sulpicius Galba, who betrayed their surrender and executed their leading men, and the Arevaci of Hispania Citerior continued the war and allied with the Lusitanian leader Viriathus.
After open war re... | null | null | null | null | 8 |
[
"Numantine War",
"participant",
"Lusones"
] | null | null | null | null | 9 | |
[
"Seleucid–Parthian Wars",
"participant",
"Seleucid Empire"
] | null | null | null | null | 2 | |
[
"Seleucid–Parthian Wars",
"participant",
"Parthian Empire"
] | Background
In 323 BC, the Seleucid Empire was founded by Seleucus I Nicator, a general of Alexander the Great. Stretching from Syria to the Indus River and comprising most of Alexander's realm, the Seleucid state was the most powerful of the Diadochi kingdoms that sprang up after Alexander's death. Quickly however, the... | null | null | null | null | 3 |
[
"Battle of Octodurus",
"participant",
"Veragri"
] | null | null | null | null | 3 | |
[
"Battle of Octodurus",
"participant",
"Seduni"
] | null | null | null | null | 4 | |
[
"Battle of Octodurus",
"participant",
"Ancient Rome"
] | null | null | null | null | 5 | |
[
"Middle Miocene",
"followed by",
"Late Miocene"
] | null | null | null | null | 0 | |
[
"Middle Miocene",
"follows",
"Early Miocene"
] | null | null | null | null | 6 | |
[
"Cuneiform",
"topic's main category",
"Category:Cuneiform"
] | null | null | null | null | 17 | |
[
"Cuneiform",
"used by",
"cuneiform clay tablet"
] | History
Writing began after pottery was invented, during the Neolithic, when clay tokens were used to record specific amounts of livestock or commodities. In recent years a contrarian view has arisen on the tokens being the precursor of writing. These tokens were initially impressed on the surface of round clay envelop... | null | null | null | null | 28 |
[
"Zanclean",
"follows",
"Messinian"
] | null | null | null | null | 1 | |
[
"Zanclean",
"followed by",
"Piacenzian"
] | null | null | null | null | 2 | |
[
"Zanclean",
"topic's main category",
"Category:Zanclean"
] | null | null | null | null | 9 | |
[
"Jugurthine War",
"topic's main category",
"Category:Jugurthine War"
] | null | null | null | null | 0 | |
[
"Jugurthine War",
"different from",
"The Jugurthine War"
] | null | null | null | null | 4 | |
[
"Aristonicus Uprising",
"participant",
"Roman Republic"
] | null | null | null | null | 0 | |
[
"Aristonicus Uprising",
"participant",
"Kingdom of Pergamon"
] | The Aristonicus Uprising, also known as the Aristonicus Revolt, was a revolt in Pergamon, which began under the leadership of King Eumenes III (also known as Aristonicus), between 133 and 129 BC. | null | null | null | null | 5 |
[
"Miocene",
"follows",
"Oligocene"
] | null | null | null | null | 0 | |
[
"Miocene",
"followed by",
"Pliocene"
] | The Miocene ( MY-ə-seen, -oh-) is the first geological epoch of the Neogene Period and extends from about 23.03 to 5.333 million years ago (Ma). The Miocene was named by Scottish geologist Charles Lyell; the name comes from the Greek words μείων (meíōn, "less") and καινός (kainós, "new") and means "less recent" becaus... | null | null | null | null | 3 |
[
"Miocene",
"topic's main category",
"Category:Miocene"
] | null | null | null | null | 10 | |
[
"Neogene",
"followed by",
"Quaternary"
] | The Neogene ( NEE-ə-jeen, informally Upper Tertiary or Late Tertiary) is a geologic period and system that spans 20.45 million years from the end of the Paleogene Period 23.03 million years ago (Mya) to the beginning of the present Quaternary Period 2.58 Mya. The Neogene is sub-divided into two epochs, the earlier Mioc... | null | null | null | null | 1 |
[
"Neogene",
"follows",
"Paleogene"
] | null | null | null | null | 2 | |
[
"Neogene",
"replaces",
"Tertiary"
] | null | null | null | null | 8 | |
[
"Neogene",
"different from",
"Neogene"
] | null | null | null | null | 9 | |
[
"Neogene",
"topic's main category",
"Category:Neogene"
] | null | null | null | null | 12 | |
[
"Pliocene",
"followed by",
"Pleistocene"
] | The Pliocene ( PLY-ə-seen, PLY-oh-; also Pleiocene) is the epoch in the geologic time scale that extends from 5.333 million to 2.58 million years ago. It is the second and most recent epoch of the Neogene Period in the Cenozoic Era. The Pliocene follows the Miocene Epoch and is followed by the Pleistocene Epoch. Prior... | null | null | null | null | 6 |
[
"Pliocene",
"follows",
"Miocene"
] | null | null | null | null | 7 | |
[
"Pliocene",
"topic's main category",
"Category:Pliocene"
] | null | null | null | null | 10 | |
[
"Gelasian",
"topic's main category",
"Category:Gelasian"
] | null | null | null | null | 4 | |
[
"Gelasian",
"follows",
"Piacenzian"
] | The Gelasian is an age in the international geologic timescale or a stage in chronostratigraphy, being the earliest or lowest subdivision of the Quaternary Period/System and Pleistocene Epoch/Series. It spans the time between 2.58 Ma (million years ago) and 1.80 Ma. It follows the Piacenzian Stage (part of the Pliocene... | null | null | null | null | 6 |
[
"Gelasian",
"followed by",
"Calabrian"
] | The Gelasian is an age in the international geologic timescale or a stage in chronostratigraphy, being the earliest or lowest subdivision of the Quaternary Period/System and Pleistocene Epoch/Series. It spans the time between 2.58 Ma (million years ago) and 1.80 Ma. It follows the Piacenzian Stage (part of the Pliocene... | null | null | null | null | 7 |
[
"Cantabrian Wars",
"topic's main category",
"Category:Cantabrian Wars"
] | null | null | null | null | 3 | |
[
"Third Mithridatic War",
"participant",
"Bosporan Kingdom"
] | Complete Roman victory
After his defeat by Pompey in 65 BC, Mithridates VI fled with a small army from Colchis to Crimea and attempted to raise yet another army to take on the Romans but failed to do so. In 63 BC, he withdrew to the citadel in Panticapaeum. His eldest son, Machares, now king of Cimmerian Bosporus, whos... | null | null | null | null | 3 |
[
"Third Mithridatic War",
"participant",
"Odrysian kingdom"
] | null | null | null | null | 5 | |
[
"Third Mithridatic War",
"participant",
"Ancient Rome"
] | null | null | null | null | 7 | |
[
"Third Mithridatic War",
"participant",
"Kingdom of Pontus"
] | Complete Roman victory
After his defeat by Pompey in 65 BC, Mithridates VI fled with a small army from Colchis to Crimea and attempted to raise yet another army to take on the Romans but failed to do so. In 63 BC, he withdrew to the citadel in Panticapaeum. His eldest son, Machares, now king of Cimmerian Bosporus, whos... | null | null | null | null | 8 |
[
"Third Mithridatic War",
"participant",
"Kingdom of Cappadocia"
] | null | null | null | null | 9 | |
[
"Battle of Ilerda",
"participant",
"populares"
] | null | null | null | null | 5 | |
[
"Second Celtiberian War",
"participant",
"Ancient Rome"
] | null | null | null | null | 2 | |
[
"Siege of Jerusalem (70 CE)",
"different from",
"Siege of Jerusalem (1244)"
] | null | null | null | null | 0 | |
[
"Siege of Jerusalem (70 CE)",
"different from",
"Siege of Jebus"
] | null | null | null | null | 1 | |
[
"Siege of Jerusalem (70 CE)",
"different from",
"Siege of Jerusalem (1834)"
] | null | null | null | null | 2 | |
[
"Siege of Jerusalem (70 CE)",
"different from",
"Siege of Jerusalem (37 BC)"
] | null | null | null | null | 3 | |
[
"Siege of Jerusalem (70 CE)",
"different from",
"Siege of Jerusalem (1099)"
] | null | null | null | null | 5 | |
[
"Siege of Jerusalem (70 CE)",
"different from",
"Siege of Jerusalem"
] | null | null | null | null | 6 | |
[
"Siege of Jerusalem (70 CE)",
"different from",
"Siege of Jerusalem"
] | null | null | null | null | 9 | |
[
"Siege of Jerusalem (70 CE)",
"different from",
"Siege of Jerusalem"
] | null | null | null | null | 10 | |
[
"Siege of Jerusalem (70 CE)",
"different from",
"Assyrian Siege of Jerusalem"
] | null | null | null | null | 11 | |
[
"Siege of Jerusalem (70 CE)",
"different from",
"Siege of Jerusalem"
] | null | null | null | null | 12 | |
[
"Siege of Jerusalem (70 CE)",
"different from",
"Sasanian conquest of Jerusalem"
] | null | null | null | null | 13 | |
[
"Siege of Jerusalem (70 CE)",
"different from",
"Siege of Jerusalem (63 BC)"
] | null | null | null | null | 14 | |
[
"Bellum Batonianum",
"topic's main category",
"Category:Great Illyrian Revolt"
] | The Bellum Batonianum (Latin for 'War of the Batos') was a military conflict fought in the Roman province of Illyricum in the 1st century AD, in which an alliance of native peoples of the two regions of Illyricum, Dalmatia and Pannonia, revolted against the Romans. The rebellion began among native peoples who had been ... | null | null | null | null | 1 |
[
"Roman–Parthian Wars",
"participant",
"Kingdom of Iberia"
] | null | null | null | null | 0 | |
[
"Roman–Parthian Wars",
"participant",
"Galatia"
] | null | null | null | null | 1 | |
[
"Roman–Parthian Wars",
"participant",
"Judea"
] | null | null | null | null | 4 | |
[
"Roman–Parthian Wars",
"participant",
"Kingdom of Armenia"
] | null | null | null | null | 5 | |
[
"Roman–Parthian Wars",
"participant",
"Osroene"
] | Roman Republic vs Parthia
When Pompey took charge of the war in the East, he re-opened negotiations with Phraates III; they came to an agreement and Roman–Parthian troops invaded Armenia in 66/65 BC, but soon a dispute arose over Euphrates boundary between Rome and Parthia. Pompey refused to recognize the title of "Kin... | null | null | null | null | 6 |
[
"Roman–Parthian Wars",
"participant",
"Atropatene"
] | null | null | null | null | 7 | |
[
"Roman–Parthian Wars",
"participant",
"Kingdom of Commagene"
] | null | null | null | null | 8 | |
[
"Roman–Parthian Wars",
"participant",
"Sophene"
] | null | null | null | null | 10 | |
[
"Roman–Parthian Wars",
"participant",
"Ancient Rome"
] | null | null | null | null | 12 | |
[
"Roman–Parthian Wars",
"participant",
"Parthian Empire"
] | null | null | null | null | 14 | |
[
"Roman–Parthian Wars",
"participant",
"Kingdom of Chalcis"
] | null | null | null | null | 15 | |
[
"Roman–Parthian Wars",
"topic's main category",
"Category:Roman–Parthian Wars"
] | null | null | null | null | 22 | |
[
"Roman–Parthian Wars",
"participant",
"Kingdom of Cappadocia"
] | null | null | null | null | 23 | |
[
"Roman–Parthian Wars",
"participant",
"Kingdom of Araba"
] | null | null | null | null | 26 | |
[
"Roman–Parthian Wars",
"participant",
"Kingdom of Pontus"
] | null | null | null | null | 27 | |
[
"Roman–Parthian Wars",
"participant",
"Nabataean kingdom"
] | null | null | null | null | 28 | |
[
"Gothic War (376–382)",
"participant",
"Byzantine Empire"
] | Between 376 and 382 the Gothic War against the Eastern Roman Empire, and in particular the Battle of Adrianople, is commonly seen as a major turning point in the history of the Roman Empire, the first of a series of events over the next century that would see the collapse of the Western Roman Empire, although its ultim... | null | null | null | null | 1 |
[
"Gothic War (376–382)",
"participant",
"Western Roman Empire"
] | Between 376 and 382 the Gothic War against the Eastern Roman Empire, and in particular the Battle of Adrianople, is commonly seen as a major turning point in the history of the Roman Empire, the first of a series of events over the next century that would see the collapse of the Western Roman Empire, although its ultim... | null | null | null | null | 3 |
[
"Gothic War (376–382)",
"participant",
"Huns"
] | null | null | null | null | 4 | |
[
"Gothic War (376–382)",
"participant",
"Alans"
] | null | null | null | null | 5 | |
[
"Gothic War (376–382)",
"participant",
"Thervingi"
] | Background
In the summer of 376, a massive number of Goths arrived on the Danube River, the border of the Roman Empire, requesting asylum from the Huns. There were two groups: the Thervings led by Fritigern and Alavivus and the Greuthungi led by Alatheus and Saphrax. Eunapius states their number as 200,000 including ci... | null | null | null | null | 6 |
[
"Gothic War (376–382)",
"participant",
"Greuthungi"
] | null | null | null | null | 7 | |
[
"Gothic War (376–382)",
"topic's main category",
"Category:Gothic War (376–382)"
] | null | null | null | null | 9 | |
[
"Jewish–Roman wars",
"topic's main category",
"Category:Jewish–Roman wars"
] | null | null | null | null | 5 | |
[
"First Council of Constantinople",
"main subject",
"Trinity"
] | null | null | null | null | 2 | |
[
"First Council of Constantinople",
"follows",
"First Council of Nicaea"
] | null | null | null | null | 6 | |
[
"First Council of Constantinople",
"followed by",
"First Council of Ephesus"
] | null | null | null | null | 7 | |
[
"First Council of Constantinople",
"different from",
"Council of Constantinople"
] | null | null | null | null | 8 | |
[
"First Council of Constantinople",
"participant",
"Ulfilas"
] | null | null | null | null | 9 | |
[
"First Council of Constantinople",
"participant",
"Acacius of Beroea"
] | null | null | null | null | 10 | |
[
"First Council of Constantinople",
"main subject",
"Arian controversy"
] | Background
When Theodosius ascended to the imperial throne in 380, he began on a campaign to bring the Eastern Church back to Nicene Christianity. Theodosius wanted to further unify the entire empire behind the orthodox position and decided to convene a church council to resolve matters of faith and discipline.: 45 Gr... | null | null | null | null | 12 |
[
"First Council of Constantinople",
"topic's main category",
"Category:Council of Constantinople"
] | null | null | null | null | 14 | |
[
"First Council of Constantinople",
"different from",
"Council of Constantinople"
] | null | null | null | null | 15 |
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