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Why does being tickled give such an intense feeling of almost urinating?
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Judging from your post history you're an adult woman, so it makes sense that you don't quite understand the sensation. That's the start of the ejaculation reflex. What you do with that knowledge is up to you.
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Why is the sun orange?
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First, the sun isn't orange, it's brilliant white with a hint of yellow. It often appears orange in photos because the people that are studying it take pictures and movies of it through special lenses or using cameras that detect light in the parts of the light spectrum that we can't see, such as infrared or ultraviolet. This allows us to look "through" the glare and see details like flares and sunspots. It's actually classified as a yellow star though, under the label \'G2V\'. But the reason it's not blue, pure white or other non white/yellow colours is because the sun isn't burning. The sun is fusing hydrogen into helium, a nuclear process rather than a chemical one like burning is, and it's that process of fusion that leads to the photons we see as visible lightVery hot items don't "burn" white, they *glow* white. But in particular, they glow red, then yellow, then white. The Sun's glow is mostly by this mechanism, and from space the Sun is a slightly yellowish white. From the surface of Earth, however, you're not seeing the Sun's true color. The atmosphere scatters blue light more than red, so the blue light from the Sun gets smeared out over the sky. Thus, the sky looks blue and the Sun's color is reddened.
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How does an autonomous vehicle decide who dies in an unavoidable crash?
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They aren't that complex. They just try to stop the vehicle and avoid collision as best they can, they don't make assessments of likelihood of death. Once they can it will likely be legislated to judge in a certain manner.The car's programming is very simple. 1. Object in path. 2. Can I stop in time? Yes = stop. 3. If no to 2 = Can i safely swerve to avoid obstacle? Yes = swerve. 4. If no to 3 then attempt to stop and sound horn. Or something like that. Basically the car will never take a positive action that is unsafe. It doesn't know, care, or matter to the car whether the "obstruction" that starts this whole thing is a bag of garbage, a just reliest from jail on a technicaliy child rapist, or Jesus Christ returned to earth. If it can stop, it will. If it can swerve safely it will. If no to both, it hitsSo, I love your title. however your followup took something away. From what I understand, and I am pretty up to date. If the crash in not avoidable, it will simply attempt to stop. So say 3 people randomly jump to the left, right and center of its path, it wont swerve the middle and hit the left, it will simply conclude no alt path, and break. So, whoever was in the direct path of it would still get hit. Hope that helps. (btw, we are not up to iRobots yet, so these cars predict and calculate travel, not life expectancy in a crash ,not yet anyway
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If a female is born with a third nipple, will she develop a third breast during puberty?
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No, there's no breast tissue. Superfluous nipples are more like moles than breasts. Source: I'm a guy but I have 3 extra ones.
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Why is there so little advertising targeting/encouraging women to buy things for the man in their life?
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Simply that men make a larger share of the household income. However in advertisement there is a heavy emphasis on mother's for groceries and household products", 'I suspect some of the advertising you think is targeted at men is about men but targeted at women.In my experience, women don't have to be reminded to buy gifts. Take something like Valentine's Day for example. A few years ago, my mom got my dad tickets for some sport at least two months in advanced. My father on the other hand, forgot until he was reminded by a commercial. I'm not saying that all men are terrible gift givers or anything like that, but there's a very prevalent stereotype that men are less thoughtful and proactive in their gift giving. Thus, commercials targeting the demographic that is more likely to turn to the commercial than the emotional.
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how did the US become so dependent on China-made goods and what persons made it happen?
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In the 60s and 70s, Regan reduced the taxation of capital gains over 1 mil from 70% to 30%, loosing a good portion of tax revenue, reducing education subsidies and creating a poorly educated and unskilled workforce. Entering the age of globalization and technology starting in the 1980 through the present, a new group appeared. One that could do the same job as an uneducated American but for cheaper. Overseas unskilled chinease workers. So all the labor moved. How did other countries deal with globalization? Their skilled laborers where still cheaper to hire than training or hireing people overseas. People with skilled labor jobs survived globalizationSince this ELI5, it has happened over the course of many decades, and it mostly boils down to cheaper labor, fewer regulations, and higher profits. Someone could go into more detail but that is really all there is behind itThe percentage of US consumable goods made in China is actually only around 2.7% . [Source] The percentage varies drastically by type of product- clothing and shoes are about 35%, for example. However, as of 2010, personal-consumption goods made in the US from US-produced parts was 81% of all sold. 6% were made in the US of imported parts, and 0.7% were made in the US of parts imported from China. The real picture is much more complicated and nuanced than can be represented on a bumper sticker, but it is important to understand that a good number of products we use are not made in China.
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UV Index. It's 110 in AZ with a UV index of 1 and 88 in Chicago with a UV index of 5. Will you burn quicker in Chicago??
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Yes you will. Sunburn has little to do with air temperature, it is the amount of UV radiation that reaches your exposed skin. You can get sunburn in the middle of winter, you are just less like to, because spend less time outdoors and have less skin exposed to the sunYes. Sunburns have nothing to do with temperature, and everything to do with UV exposure. We just tend to associate sunburns with warm weather because people tend not to go outside wearing very little clothing for long periods of time in the winterTo add to your other two answers, sometimes the UV index is lower during the winter, but the [exposure to UV may still be stronger] than you expect, as snow reflects most of the sunlight back up at you. So in winter, the UV index by itself may not be the whole story. In your situation, though, it is.That's the thing, you feel the heat of the sun do to the infrared radiation, on the other hand, the ultraviolet radiation doesn't feel hot but burns your skin. Therefore it's possible on a windy day to not feel any heat and end up with a bad skin burn.
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why do we get a bloody taste in our mouth when we get injured?
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That'd be the blood. When you open a wound it will start to leak your blood. It's important to stay far away from vampires and sharks at that point.
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how do oven mits and pot holders work?
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They don't transfer heat very well. Metal transfers heat very well because all of the molecules are packed very tightly. When one side of a piece of metal gets hot the fast-moving molecules will bump into other molecules and transfer that heat to the other side very easily. But, pot holders are made up of cloth with a lot of air pockets in them. Cloth and air do not have their molecules packed close together. So, they have trouble transferring heat. This is a good things for our hands because one side of the pot holder will be at 350\x9d degrees and the other side will be cool enough to hold.
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What happens if the member of a jury notices something during a trial that they need to be addressed to make a decision? Can they ask questions or try to get something addressed?
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As noted by another commenter, specifics will vary by jurisdiction; however, juries are usually not allowed to inquire about the facts of the case being presented. The jury's role is basically to decide 1) who is telling the truth if there are conflicting accounts and 2) whether the true story fits into the laws as presented to them. They can also make determinations about amount and allocation of fault in civil trials. In my state, for example, our code of procedure permits the judge to instruct the jury about relevant law at any time; and the jury can ask to have testimony read back to them or to have an opportunity to inspect items that were admitted into evidence. La. Code of Civ Proc. arts [1792] and [1795]. There is no provision for the jury to question witnesses, and judges are expressly forbidden from commenting on the facts to the jury. La. Code of Civ Proc art. [1791]. As a whole: the jury can, therefore, ask to have things repeated and to have instructions on the relevant laws; but they can't ask questions about the facts. Might juries have an easier time if they could ask questions of witnesses? Yeah, probably. On the other hand, lots of evidence is excluded for a whole lot of policy reasons ; and it is easier to simply not have it presented than to constantly instruct jurors why their questions can't be answered. The hope is that the attorneys will already be doing their best to flesh out their side within the constraints of the evidence rules.
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Why do houses get more valuable over time?
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It's the land, not the house. the real estate the houses are build on are what rise in value. it's location relative to local services, schools, businesses, etc. houses do generally drop in value, you're right. that's why people remodel rooms or the entire thing. at least, that's the traditional wisdom. i'm not a real estate agent.
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What is the benefit to the CEO's disbanding the White House advisory panel?
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Imagine you go to a party with your friend, Donnie. You get to the party, which has a pretty diverse group of partygoers, and Donnie starts spouting off white supremacist nonsense at the party. What are the partygoers going to think of you, since you're buddied up with Donnie? CEOs are the leaders and, in many cases, the "face" of their company. They are accountable to all sorts of people -- their board, their shareholders, their employees, their customers, their business partners, etc. To be associated with someone behaving poorly may reflect poorly on them and their businesses in the eyes of their board, shareholders, customers, etc. The benefit here is solely to the CEOs. They are insulating themselves from Trump's divisive behavior to protect their own and their companies\' reputations. It's unfortunately *not* beneficial for the administration and for the country, because now Trump has less input from corporate leaders, or, perhaps worse, the Council will be re-formed with only members that will agree with, and not push back on, Trump and his policies.PR mostly. It dose nothing for the president, but they want a way of publicly saying that don't want to work with or be associated with the president.
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How does electricity "know" when to start flowing?
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imagine you have a water pump, connect an empty pipe with a tap on the end and it will fill up the pipe with water. the same thing happens with a wire. if you connect a wire to the positive of a battery the wire also becomes positive.
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How clothes shrink in the dryer
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As a sheep owner who got tired of answering the question "Why do sweaters shrink when they get wet, but sheep don't shrink in the rain?" I wrote [this short response] Basically it's the heat from the drying process and how it affects the shape of the fibers.
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How come some drinks taste better out of a bottle than a can? or is it all in my head?
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Coke: Can Dr Pepper: Bottle Barq's : Bottle Mountain Dew: Can Source- Caffeine Addict", 'Well, first of all is not because of anything being absorbed into the drink . In fact the main thing that causes many drinks to go bad or "skunk" is light, so cans are actually better. This is why beer bottles are usually darker colors. However your sense of taste is very much linked to your sense of smell, and you're smelling the can while you drink. Your best bet is to poor it from a can into a glass, your second best is to get beer that is in darker bottles.It's NOT all in your head. The acidity of drinks like coca-cola makes it very easy to compare; get a can of Coke, a plastic bottle of Coke, a glass bottle of Coke and run taste tests. Because it's so acidic, you'll be drinking some of the dissolved container. It's not enough to impact health, just enough to impact flavor. Then get a glass bottle of Mexican Coke, the stuff made with sugar instead of corn syrup, and ponder what you've done with your life.
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Why do parliament impose sentence ranges for crimes instead of leaving it up to the judge and case law?
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It's important to have some degree of uniformity in sentencing. Of course every case and every criminal is different, but some guidelines are necessary. In County A you get arrested for possessing heroine and the judge happens to think drug laws are a bit silly and gives you 10 days in jail. Get arrested for the same crime in County B and the judge not only really hates drugs, but lost his son to a heroin overdose, and he sentences you to 10 years. Your punishment should be based on how bad your crime was, not which judge you got. Sentencing guidelines help to bring some uniformity and reduce the role of the judge.
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where do mosquitoes sleep?
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Outside, they hangout under leaves on low level vegetation like bushes and weeds, etc. That's why keeping your yard cleaned up will help with mosquitoes because it limits the area for them to hide.
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Heidegger's Being v. being
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The common term "being" simply conveys presence. Something "is". Heidegger saw living as a human being as fundamentally not inert, not just sitting there existing, but as something else. To us, life is an immersion of consciousness in a world which presents possibilites of action to us. So being to us is what he would call being-in-the-world. There is no being-there which is not a relation of agenthood to world. ELI5: When we say someone "is", we're usually just mean they're physically there. Heidegger's being addresses what they can do in the world they're in. Edit: I 'd like to clarify that I think, as mentioned below, Heidegger wanted to emphasize that a thing's notion of being ought to include the world it exists within. I was writing from the perspective of what dasein's being is, which is an agent which, unlike the chair, whose "chairhood" is inert, waiting to be acted upon, dasein's being is one which acts in that world. I 'd love any further clarifications or corrections that can be madeCheck out the /r/askphilosophy subreddit. They can explain it better, but perhaps as if you were ten and not five.I'm not sure Heidegger could really fit in this subreddit O.o", 'Being is the ground of existence. That which gives existence, the source of existing.beings are the things. For Heidegger we in the modern world think beings and have forgotten how to think Being, which for him is important, because a being is always a being-in-the-world. That means that a a being has a particular place in history in a particular space, and therefore to say that one has self knowledge when one only knows the being, misses that one is part of a greater much larger fabric called the world. Hence Heidegger wanted us, as a being, to recall how to think Being.
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Why is it hottest when the sun begins to set instead of when the sun is at its highest point?
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The atmosphere takes time to heat up and cool down. While the sunlight may be more indirect in the afternoon, the atmosphere overall has been exposed to more sunlight at that point than it has at noon. Right at Noon, you 've got "most direct light, preceded by almost direct light, preceded by indirect light. At 4ish, you 've got "almost direct light, direct light, almost direct light"', "Because in the evening there is residual heat that stays trapped, cities are worse for this than deserts because of all the asphalt that retains heat longer than sand, this is why a 105 degree desert turns freezing at night while a 95 degree city doesn't get below 75 all night. The sun is more forceful at its highest point but the surroundings haven't collected all of the heat yet by then.Because by 4pm, the earth, the air, nearby bodies of water, man-made structures, etc. have been baking in the sun all day, so they are releasing more heat than they were at noon. They finish releasing their heat during the night and then take a while to warm up again the next day.
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Why isn't childhood obesity grounds for abuse like under feeding a child is?
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There can be a variety of factors that may lead to childhood obesity that aren't linked to overeating. For example, hypothyroidism. Medicinal side-effects. Asthma may even doom a kid to inactivity. Lastly, you need to consider *who* gets obese. You're far more likely to get obese if you are poor. This is because unhealthy foods tend to be the cheapest. Should we ban poor people from having kids? That's highly unethical.
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How could whatsapp knows that I may have new messages even without internet.
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Simple answer: they don't. They likely just want to entice you to get back on the platform. At most, they run a machine learning algorithm on the frequency at which you receive messages and store this locally in each person's phone, thus over time, predicting with some accuracy if you'll get a message.
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What is actually happening to the air when I have one car window down and I get that ear rattling bass?
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Imagine the air in the car as being a springy cushion that the air from the outside pushes into. The air enters from the outside, making the air on the inside more dense, then the difference in pressure from the inside and outside pushes the air out and the process repeats. This constant in and out of the air creates the bass because of the air becoming more and less dense. In contrast, air coming in when more than one window is open, has a place to escape without the pressure forcing it out of its origin entrance.
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At its core, how is science not a belief? Essentially, how is it any different than a religion or any other human based concept.
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Sounds like you're interested in the questions covered in the [philosophy of science].Science is a *method* of using empirical observations to objectively determine which explanations are more accurate, as far as is reasonably possible. There are 2 fundamental assumptions made by science: * There is some objective reality.* There is a causal relationship between that objective reality and our experiences of it. Everything else flows from what we observe. We see objects falling towards the Earth, or the planets orbiting the Sun, and we can see how fast they appear to be moving, and we come up with an explanation that fits the available data. When future explanations turn out to be more accurate, we abandon the old belief and embrace the new. Science gives us objective, verifiable, repeatable experimental reasons to believe that something is true. This is what differentiates it from religion, which has its conclusions almost entirely set in stone, and simply assumes that they must be true"I don't think of science as any different than religion" I'm not quite sure how you could think that. Science is the study and collection of knowledge. Religion does not have anything to do with collecting or studying knowledge.[Watch this video it tackles this very subject] You're going to get a MASSIVE anti religion bias on here so keep a bucket of salt handy.
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Why is fertilizer the primary ingredient in many homemade bombs?
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It's the nitrogen//nitrogen-based chemicals in the fertilizer. The nitrogen stuff is great for growing crops but it's also good for explosives. You can search for "nitrogen explosive compounds", but read here this one example of why: _URL_0_
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How do asians differentiate amongst people based on their countries?
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The same way everyone else does. You have difficulty telling Asian nationalities apart because it's not something you do on a regular basis. There are visible ways to tell, and people who are exposed to a wider diversity of Asians know. But then they might have difficulty picking up the differences between say a Englishman and a Frenchman.
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Why was Alcatraz closed and why don't we reopen it now.
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It was closed because it was super expensive to run. Why do you feel the need to be more separated from violent criminals than high security prisons already provide? In reality escapes are super super rare, and they get rarer as prison design improves. There isn't really a benefit to shipping people off to an island that costs a fortune.When was the last time a criminal escaped from a Maximum or Supermax prison in the US?
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How food or sleep can help relieve migraines
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Food or sleep usually wont relieve a migraine - you get hungry during a migraine because your body understands theres a sharp pain around your head, and gets sleepy because all your nerves are getting crunched by your blood vessels . The only way to really relieve a migraine is using vasoconsctricting PNS stimulants like caffiene, or a blood thinner like ibuprofen that also has pain relief properties, along with laying away from all light and sound, and this is if your a lucky person who can even relieve their migraines, sometimes those dont even work. You should still shovel your face if you feel one coming on however, as maybe your body wants some kind of nutrient to relieve the vasodiolation. We still dont know scientifically everything about migraines, but if your body tells you something its most of the time honest.
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How do Football players get more concussions than rugby players when they don't wear helmets?
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because in football more players get hit in the head way more often vs rugby players. by wearing padded "armor" it gives players a false sense of security so they act more reckless.Rugby players know that other rugby players aren't wearing helmets and other extensive amounts of padding, and neither are they. This results in less vicious tackles out of both self-preservation and the fact that they don't want to kill the opposing player. Also much of football's head injuries come from QB concussions. There isn't the same impetus in rugby to constantly go after and tackle one specific player before he can throw the ball down the field.This may not actually be true. [Rugby] is coming under more scrutiny lately for just this issue.Football player hit a lot harder because they have pads on. I'm not saying rugby players don't hit hard, because they do, but when you have a helmet on designed to protect you, you hit harder.
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What is the difference, chemically, between Isopropyl Alcohol (Rubbing Alcohol) and Ethyl Alcohol (Liquor)?
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Rubbing Alcohol gets broken down by your body and turned into poison. Due to having a different chemical structure, Liquor is broken down differently by the body, and is relatively safe to consume in moderate quantities. tl;dr: They are different substances. Alcohol is a family of similar molecules that have a similar structure.They are different chemicals. Have a look at this structure of [ethyl alcohol], and this one of [isopropyl alcohol]. Both are toxic to the body, but ethyl alcohol takes a much higher dose to do damage to the body than isopropyl alcohol. Also, technically isopropyl alcohol is a denaturant , and isopropyl alcohol isn't actually denatured itself . Be careful of any vodka that tastes or smells like it may be denatured, because [sometimes people add deadly stuff to cheap alcohol].
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Why do smaller computer chips produce less heat?
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The heat in a circuit is caused by resistance in the conductors inside the circuit. Smaller chips have fewer and shorter conductors, so the electricity meets less resistance as it travels through the paths in the chip. Larger components have more heat conductive material, but that doesn't really matter, as they also have more electrical paths that cause resistance. The chips heat up almost instantly no matter what size they are, as even the biggest CPUs are pretty small. The heat needs to get out of the chip, not just spread throughout it. You need a way to get the heat out of the chip, which is what heatsinks and fans are for. Small chips generate less, so they naturally require smaller heatsinks as well. In the case of a cell phone chip, the heat generated is so little that the metal inside the phone spreads and dissipates the heat quick enough. Cell phone processors are also designed in such a way that even though they're reasonably big in area, they're not using all of it at all times. They're often made with asynchronous cores, and the ability to shut down cores that aren't needed.heat is caused by current flow. current flow is reduced when the transistor gets smaller. so smaller transistors = less heat.
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What exactly is medicine (capsules/pills) made from?
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That will depend on what you are taking. For example, looking at my bottle of ibuprofen, the active ingredient is 200 milligrams of ibuprofen. The inactive ingredients that make up most of the pill include such things as anhydrous lactose , iron oxide , cellulose and other harmless materials that give the pill its bulkHardened gelatin for the transparent capsules. Frstspkr explained the rest
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Why are companies like Virgin or Straight Talk able to give you "unlimited" data for cheap while larger companies like AT & T and Verizon charging 150+ for a couple of GB?
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Because Virgin and Straight talk utilize bandwidth throttling and also use unused carrier bands from the major providers. Verizon and other Major carriers provide the hardcore backbone for primary subscribers, and then use the secondary carriers to give a cheaper option, but at reduced functionality. They may not cap the data but after you pass a certain point you are limited to 3G data or throttled down to 3G speeds after a certain point until your ne month.Also, remember that the big companies are contract carriers that subsidize the phones. So they have to build that into the cost a bit, whereas Straight Talk and Virgin etc. are no-contract carriers which require you to buy the phone outright, so they don't have to worry about it.
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Why chemical weapons considered more indiscriminate than conventional weapons?
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While all destruction of human life is essentially 'inhumane', chemical weapons have been proven to be particularly devastating. I'm not an expert but I will try to give my opinion on the matter. The Geneva Protocol, signed in June 1925, prohibited these weapons because of Europe's recent experience with them in the First World War. I believe chemical weapons only accounted for around 1-3% of all the casualties suffered in the war, but the psychological effect was much more severe. Each side would basically fire off a bunch of gas canisters near the enemy lines, and hope that the gas wouldn't float back towards their own lines. At the time, the deployment of these chemical weapons was not so precise, so I imagine that was another reason they were not so popular. Soldiers would find themselves being blistered, blinded, and suffocated to death by gas that was nearly impossible to avoid. While many 'conventional' weapons maim soldiers, their effects are limited to physical, penetrating, explosive power. Chemical weapons, I would believe, cause much more pain and suffering to the individual. They can also have severe effects on local flora and fauna but the chemical can remain unseen, destroying future life. So that's my two cents. Ultimately, the powers that be decided they were inhumane, and wrote it into international law.
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What is 'High place Phenomenom'?
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The high place phenomenon is a psychological effect that is prevalent when you are in a high place, hence the name. If you've ever been on the top of a cliff or tall building, you've probably felt a small urge to jump off, just because you could. This is part of the high place phenomenon, the other part is if you are on a high place with somebody else, and you feel that you could push them off, if you wanted to and this gives you the slightest urge to do it. Of course, you don't, because your reasoning tells you that it would be a bad idea to do so. The urge to do both is described as the High Place Phenomenon and is an example of Cognitive Dissonance.
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Why do people tend to hate the sound of their own voice in a recording?
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You're usually hearing your voice not just with your ears, but transmitted through your jawbone, which changes the sound. When you hear a recording, you just get the sound, which is familiar but *wrong*. Similarly, people tend to think they look bad in photos because people aren't perfectly symmetrical. You're used to looking at yourself in the mirror , while a photograph is not reversed. So it looks familiar, but wrong.
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Why did Blu-ray beat HD-DVD?
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The edge was that Blue Ray managed to get several big companies to use Blue Ray meaning it was less chance that your movie would appear on HD DVD. So if you wanted to watch your favorite morning cartoon, you had to have Blueray if you wanted it in the high definition format. Shortly thereafter, Toshiba conceded defeat and halted production of players and movies in the HD DVD Format. Just like when Playstation 2 won over the Sega Dreamcast, the decision to include a Blueray Player in the Playstation 3 also helped. This sold 10 million units alone compared to the 1 million sold HD DVDs Players. Worth mentioning is that ever since Betamax and VHS went to war, there is general consensus that a format war is to be avoided if at all possible.I dont't know how big of a contribution it was when Sony announced Playstaytion 2 would played Blu-ray. For me, that was the reason. Edit: Sorry. Playstation 3.On a side note, VHS won the tape wars because Sony decided to release blank tapes and take on the legal ramifications which followed. The fact that once a commercial blank tape was released to the public, there were many lawsuits and legal precedents that had to be fought and established. Once blank tapes were available in VHS for people to copy with, it was all but over for Beta
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What's the difference between facewash soaps and regular soap?
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Facewash does not contain soap, which is the point. First off, soap has a pH-level way above your skin, which screws up the balance and can make bacterial growth increase and in turn cause acne. It also contains a fair range of thickeners which clog pores, also leading to acne. Lastly soap will get rid of so much of the natural fatty oils in the skin that will dry it out, while a cleanser has more gentle cleaning agents that remove dirt without drying you out. Dry skin makes the glands producing the fatty oils work overtime and again lead to clogged pores and an oily face. Notable comment to all the "just more expensive" comments: good for you that you have perfect skin with no issues.I think the main difference is that dedicated facial soaps are usually non-comedogenic, meaning they won't clog your pores. Some traditional soaps can leave an invisible film, resulting in breakouts.
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When someone is angry, what is happening that prevents them from thinking rationally?
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It's mostly the hormones that are released, with the biggest culprit being cortisol. Cortisol tends to bind to any open neuron, so it can effectively "block out" any rational thoughts that try to get through to your brain. The same response happens with people that are panicking, since that comes with a large release of cortisol as well. One thing that helps calm you down when you're like this is to count things that you see around you. Cognitive sense interactions release serotonin that will break up cortisol allow you to mellow out. Basically the body is moving resources away from the rational parts of the brain to better supply the parts of the brain and body that do the fighting. Look up "Amygdala hijack". It makes evolutionary sense; if a wolf jumps at you you need blood and oxygen etc. going to your muscles to survive a physical fight. The problem is our brains apply this fight reaction to modern situations in which the fight is social/emotional and thinking would allow us to diffuse the aggression.Like you're five? Without Inside Out references? Center of your brain goes crazy and throws a tantrum. Your whole body goes into wacky trying to make it happy. Your heart gives it a gift of *adrenaline* to try and make it better, but the *amygdala* is a selfish bastard and uses it to throw fists, scream, whatever you do when you throw a tantrum. Your grown up responsible part of the brain says stop, but the *amygdala* just stuffs its face with more *adrenaline* until it shuts up. Edit: If you want the full grown up story look up the autonomic nervous system as /u/chakaonit already said. Just be prepared for a bunch of technical jargon. ELI5? Adrenaline did it.
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how police radars determine your speed if they are traveling towards you in the on coming lane
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Doppler effect. Frequencies of waves will be increased if they're reflected off something travelling relatively towards you. The magnitude of this increase is what tells the relative speed. The reverse of this is also true. f'=[/]f is the equation.
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Why do smaller downloads seem to go at slower speeds/Larger downloads at higher speeds?
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It takes time to establish a Connection to the server you're downloading from, which may seem longer with smaller downloads since the time it takes to establish that connection might be as long as the actual download time. Also smaller downloads usually contains a lot of smaller files instead of a few big files .
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Why do products like honey or salt have expiration date even though they never go bad?
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well tuna and canned goods never go bad ever too, still they have a best by date at around two years. the reason can be found with simple thought exersise, how exactly would you test that a can of tuna lasts 100 years in the can. if you follow _URL_0_ he regularly eats canned foods that are older than he isIt's a legal safeguard for companies. Even though it 'd most likely taste fine past an expiration date, it's to prevent lawsuits. "You advertised your honey as "fresh"!!! Well I opened it up 10 years later and it wasn't!" People will sue over ridiculous things.On many products you're seeing a 'best by' date. Basically the company won't guarantee the freshness or quality of the product beyond that date, even though it'll see be eatable.
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why do some people "run hot" or "run cold"?
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AFAIK your thyroid settles this. I also seem to be hot a lot and feel uncomfortable in situations where other people are just fine. I've asked my dermatologist why is that and she asked if anyone in my family has had issues with their thyroid", 'In your body there are white fats and there are brown fats. White fats are the kinds that are accumulated mostly by diet, and partially by genetics, but this fat doesn't keep you warm. Brown fats, on the other hand, are highly genetically based; families tend to be similarly warm-bodied/cold-bodied because the amount of brown fat typically stays the same regardless of diet due to genetic predisposition. Brown fat, when it's broken down, is "wasted" as heat to keep your body warm, rather than used for energy like white fat. The amount of brown fat you have can increase a small amount if you happen to live in cold conditions, but has generally been shown to decrease as you age, which is why older people tend to get colder vs. babies that have lots of brown fat. There are other factors that people have mentioned, but I remember this the most from my recent biochem classes. TLDR: mostly because of genetics', "I think it's based on their body composition and circulation. Poor circulation, cold fingers and toes. High body fat, high insulation, you tend to be hot a lot.
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Why is Italy, Greece considered a "white" country but Spain is not?
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Modern racism is not very consistent; since scientists no longer support the concept, the people at large are sort of going by their gut feeling. Traditionally, although many authors separated the Mediterranean and Nordic peoples, they placed them both in the Caucasian family. However, in the United States the Census Bureau has created the category of "Hispanic" to refer to people from Spanish-speaking cultures , regardless of race. It makes the distinction between *ethnicity*, which is cultural, an *race*, which is based on perceived ancestry. People often mistakenly treat this as a racial category, and for purposes of talking about racism, exclude Hispanics from the "white" category. This can be self-serving, since it reduces the amount of white people in the demographics. National origin tends to be more relevant in reality than Hispanicity itself.
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What is risk premium for a stock?
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Beta is a systemic risk measure. It's calculated by comparing the stock's past performance to the overall market's past performance. A stock with Beta=1 goes up and down as much as the market overall. A low Beta stock moves less; it the market goes up 10% and the stock goes 5% it would have a beta of 0.5 . Similarly, a high Beta stock is more volatile than the market. CML and SML are related to the capital asset pricing model methodology.
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How does the US Democratic Party's rule of proportional representation work?
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All candidates who get 15% or more of the vote in a certain state get delegates. How many delegates they get depends on the number of people who voted for them: if candidate A gets twice as many votes as candidate B, then candidate A gets twice as many delegates . As an example, suppose we had three people running: Alice gets 10% of the vote, Bob gets 30%, and Charlie gets 60% in a state with 30 delegates. Alice didn't get more than 15%, so she doesn't get any delegates. Bob and Charlie split the state's total of 30, and Charlie gets twice as many as Bob does .
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Why do things like the waistband of sweatpants, the edges of fitted sheets, and the upper part of socks have such a hard time getting dry in the dryer?
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Essentially, the elastic in those parts bunches the material together. To dry, material needs to have air circulation for the water to evaporate off of . Where these areas are more bunched together they both hold more liquid to begin with and have less surface area for the liquid to evaporate off of. Or at least, that's what I believe to be the case from memory.
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why can we only tell when something (our home, for example) smells different than usual when we enter it and not be able to tell when we exit into fresher air?
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The reason is that we ignore/reduce constant stimuli. It is easier to notice for touch. You notice primary when something changes. You notice when someone first touch your arm but notice less when they keep there hand there. You feel the chair when you sit down but not when you are sitting on it. The small works similarity. You smell thing when you first encounter them but the you notice them less and less. If it did not work that way you would smell yourself all the time and all other thing in your surrounding. You would be overwhelmed by the constant smells and would not notice when something changes. The same with touch where you would always notice you clothes. It is new things that are important to us not what is there all the timeOlfactory adaptation. Your nose smells something consistently for long enough that your brain decides to prevent sensory overload and desensitizes your nose for that particular scent. This allows your nose to focus on other scents, and react more quickly to new stimuli.
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Why does Facebook need 60 million lines of code in order to run?
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Facebook is complicated - it does more than just show you things people have shared, said, liked or whatever. Facebook's real business is in handling data. Facebook know you really well. They've got a good picture of you - they know what adverts you're likely to respond to, they know what pages to suggest you might want to check out. Crunching data so that you get to know how people act isn't easy. There's a huge proportion of your 60 million lines right there.
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What is the purpose of having so many bones in our wrists/ankles?
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fluidity of movement. Your wrist and ankles have to turn in all kinds of directions, way more than say your knees or elbows, so we sacrificed strength in those areas for dexterity.Ball and socket joints are meant more for a powerful and wide motion, usually a swinging motion. Wrist/ankle joints are more to enable fine control of the extremities. There's less of a need for power and more need for stability- which having multiple bones allows.
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Why electric cars aren’t solar powered?
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Some do have solar panels, such as the [Fisker Karma]. Most manufacturers have released designs or concepts with solar panels . Quite simply, a panel small enough to fit on a car doesn't collect enough energy to power a car. A whole roof is only good for 300-400 watts of energy in full sunlight. A P65D Tesla has a 65,000 watt-hour battery. Considering 10 hours of sunlight per day, you'd need the better part of a month to charge the battery once..
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If an asteroid was due to collide with earth, what could we realistically do to stop it?
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Depends on how much of a heads-up we get. We've already been able to land on asteroids and comets remotely, so it's not beyond belief to say that we could park a probe on an asteroid in a precise location and either detonate a nuke on it, run a thruster, unfurl a solar sail, or otherwise nudge it enough to ensure it wouldn't hit Earth. But that of course requires mission planning time, as well as the months required to actually undertake the mission. If it we had only a few months notice? About the only thing we could try is a nuclear strike from ICBMs or other rockets to try and nudge the asteroid, or destroy it entirely, but that might take a lot of nukes given an ICBM isn't really set up for such an application , and a fair number would likely just miss.
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Why does it seem like I always have to poop after drinking coffee or smoking a cigarette?
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Both caffeine and nicotine are actually colonic stimulants and [here]), so they make the colon contract and move, prompting a bowel movement. Note that coffee also serves as a diuretic which can end up drying out the stool in your colon, so it's not overly useful as an anti-constipation drug either.
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Does a company have to buy a domain from a domain selling service even if a domain isn't claimed yet?
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Yes. When someone enters a domain name into their browser, it essentially goes and asks someone "hey, where does this domain exist on the internet?". When you register a domain name, you're paying to have someone put in that information for you so that everyone knows where the name points to.
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How come it is illegal to smoke in the car with children, but not for pregnant women to smoke?
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Where is this illegal? It is fully legal here in the US so this has to be a law somewhere else.It would be extremely difficult to enforce, for one thing. What is an officer supposed to do if he sees a woman who he believes to be pregnant and smoking? Write her a ticket? Giving fines to pregnant women who need help with smoking less isn't going to go over well. Take her to jail? Also going to cause outrage. Then, what if she isn't pregnant but just fat? Is a potbellied woman smoker supposed to carry around some kind of card indicating that she is in fact not pregnant?", 'A child is fully developed, has lived some life, and has value. A fetus has none of that; if it comes out deformed, they can choose to end its pain or not. Kinda .fucked up if you ask me
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Why does it sometimes hurt to cough, sometimes feel good, and sometimes both?
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When you cough and it hurts, It's probably because your respiratory tract is exhausted from all the coughing and needs to stop When you cough and it feels good, It could be because the things your respiratory tract are trying to released are successfully released. If both,then these two above happen at the same time
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How light can move as a particle and a wave and how this makes it special or in its own class
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Very simplistically, it's better to look at it propagating or moving as a wave and interacting or colliding as a particle. \r\r\rAlso, this doesn't make it unique or its own class. Everything that exists has properties of both classical waves and particles. Electrons, protons, atoms, molecules. You can even calculate the theoretical wavelength of the earth if you wanted. Though with massive objects the wavelength gets unfathomably small. Correct me if I'm wrong, but I believe the largest thing we've ever observed a wavelike behavior of, or at least through the double split experiment, is a ball of 60 carbon atoms.
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Why does the same water from the shower feel warm to my body, but scalding hot to my face? (Or warm to my face and cool to my body)
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Mind over matter mate. Theres more nerve endings on your face so perhaps the extra sensory information is overwhelming. Just like easing into a hot tub.I think it's because your body is constantly under hot water while your face is mostly away from the stream. This allows your body to get used to the hot water so it doesn't feel as hot anymore so you turn up the heat. But your face didn't get used to the hot water so now the new temperatured water is even hotter for your face. Take a swimming pool as an example. You enter the pool and it's like super cold. But after swimming for a bit the water suddenly doesn't feel as cold. Same thing is happening here except with hot water, and not your entire body gets used to the water
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How come so few species feel "good" when having sexual actions and why/how did it develop (in humans)?
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I'm distinctly curious as to how you have polled the enjoyment level of sex from the majority of the animal kingdom. This seems like it would be dangerous, messy, difficult, and expensive.
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What happens during a CPR?
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You pump the heart manually, sending oxygenated blood through the body, delaying cell death until an AED or other advanced medical personnel. That's why it's just as important to breathe for them every 30 compressions. Source: Emergency Medical Responder
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Why do humans have to wipe after using the restroom but other animals don't?
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We wear clothes. We care what we smell like. We have butt cheeks because we need large butt muscles to keep us on two legs.Because we choose as a society to do so for hygiene reasons. However there is also a factor due to our walking on two legs as opposed to four. Most animals take food in at one end and put it out the other. Humans take food in at one end and put it out of the middle of their body . As a result we are not that well structure to cleanly get rid of our waste in the same way other animals are. It is worth noting many many animals will have faecal matter on their hinds/bottom at all times anyway so even if our being based on two feet is a factor we'd still have a problem even if we were four legged.
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Why is it taboo to say exactly how a person died?
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It's a private matter & the personal business of the family. You don't deserve to know just because you liked some of his movies any more than you deserve to know anything else that's going on in their private lives. They're still people & don't automatically forfeit their private lives just because they get famous.
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Why are there so many riots at the time?
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> Syria, Egypt, Ukraine and now in Venezuela. Am i now becoming aware of them or why do they start everywhere? Syria and Egypt has been going on for a couple of years now . I am not quite sure about Venezuela, but I think its been going on for a while there to, or at least it as been brewing up for it for quite a while. Ukraine has been going on for three months now, so its probably you just now getting aware of it. As for the reason, mostly because they want democracy, or just disagree whit a corrupt government.
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How did people with poor vision function in society before eyeglasses were invented?
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Long story short I was legally blind for about ten years I could only see maybe a few feet away. They were able to recently correct my vision to almost normal. I didn't drive, had other people read me menu boards/signs or just asked the sales person, and made some embarrassing mistakes with not recognizing people. But for the most part I was fine. Having said that though eye glasses/contacts are amazing. I'm still amazed by the difference having almost normal vision makes.They would do the things that they were capable of doing. Before modernity few people could read so up close detailed vision was only needed if you were a craftsman general functions could be done without having perfect vision. Before modernity great long range vision people did not drive a lifeless vehicle. Horses will avoid general hazards and do not move fast enough that having great long range vision is needed by your average person. It is only those who hunt with ranged weapons. If you have bad long range weapons you do other things like tend the crops. If your visions is so bad that you are basically blind you were cared for by family/friends, begged on the street, or died.Well in Pol Pots Cambodia glasses wearers were killed not because they had glasses but because having glasses meant you needed to read. Most glasses wearers can get by on everything but reading. People back in the day didn't or couldn't read. People who were so bad off that they couldn't hunt, gather or farm usually just died. You would probably he considered legally blind today if you were that bad.
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why are orangutans so chill, but chimps are violent assholes? Aren't they really similar?
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Similar by what measure? Genetically, we're very similar to chimpanzees, but obviously there are some pretty substantial behavioral differences. Although admittedly, not necessarily in all the ways we'd like to think.How about Bonobos. You could not tell them from a chimp by their appearance. But they are much less violent, and basically have sex a lot.
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Now we're moving beyond 3D printing with plastics, how does that work?
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Anything that can be extruded and which exhibits [chemical cohesion] can be 3d printed. It's not required to melt it - as long as it sticks to itself, that's enough.
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why there needs to be another copyright law in the eyes of the entertainment industry?
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Because the DMCA hasn't done anything to stop piracy, pirating is so easy its remarkable that anyone pays for software, music, and TV shows anymore. Entire websites exist with the sole purpose of distributing pirated material, but they are within the law because they don't host the files. It is completely useless SOPA and the like are trying to strengthen the laws so that pirating would become difficult, causing people to decide to buy the item rather than dealing with pirating it. Will it work? No way in hell.
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Why does a single overpass (flyover) take the same amount of time to build as a skyscraper?
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You're probably perceiving a lot of it because you're stuck there fuming in traffic and getting all road-ragey. Smaller overpasses don't usually take as long as a tall building to finish. That being said, they do take a while. Some reasons: * They often have HUGE footprints when you include on-ramps and off-ramps and run-ups and such. Skyscrapers don't, usually being restricted to a single city block. All that preparation area takes extra work as well. * There's a lot of survey and prep work that often blocks traffic. You don't see that with skyscrapers so much. * Overpasses have lots and lots of poured concrete. That takes a lot of time to cure and set, whereas skyscrapers are riveted in place fairly quickly. * Because it's a government that's sponsoring their build rather than a private enterprise that wants to make money off of it as soon as possible, red tape and especially elections can slow things down. * And it's outside work and often highly seasonal in areas with winter. You can finish the inside of your skyscraper while it's snowing once you have the ceilings up, but you can't do anything with concrete or asphalt when it's below or even near freezing. So there can be months of the year when nothing's touched on an overpass while work continues on a skyscraper.
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How do they keep the water in water towers from freezeing dolid in the winter?
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For a few reasons: 1. water retains heat better than almost all other liquids. I believe only ammonia of the common liquids has a higher specific heat than water. 2. It's moving! Water towers - despite what we commonly think - aren't generally for water storage, they are for water pressure management. Moving water doesn't freeze nearly as easily as standing water. 3. They can be heated - both through the biproduct of mechanical machines or through actual dedicated heating .
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What exactly is G-Force?
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When you're standing on the ground, your body experiences a downward force. For simplicity's sake, other forces exerted on the human body are often expressed in terms of multiples of this base level of force because most people have no concept of what a Newton really is. When flying planes in high performance manouvers, the pilots may experience strong forces. If you've ever been on a rollercoaster, you're familiar with the feeling of getting squished into your chair at the bottom of hills or getting lifted out of your seat at the top of hills. Fighter aircraft are capable of putting the pilots under higher force for longer periods of time. The human body doesn't like this, since the forces tend to pull the blood to one end of the body or the other. The special suits they have help stop all the blood from going to their feet or their head - neither of which are good for a pilot - but putting pressure on their limbs.g-force is a measurement of acceleration felt as weight. It is incorrect to refer to it as a force, as "g" is an acceleration and can be measured with an accelerometer. Since such a force is perceived as a weight, any g-force can be described as a "weight per unit mass" . The g-force acceleration acts as a multiplier of weight-like forces for every unit of an object's mass, and is the cause of an object's acceleration in relation to free-fall.[1][2] wiki
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How do they assign social security numbers?
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The nine-digit SSN is composed of three parts: The first set of three digits is called the Area Number. The Area Number is assigned by the geographical region. Prior to 1972, cards were issued in local Social Security offices around the country and the Area Number represented the State in which the card was issued. This did not necessarily have to be the State where the applicant lived, since a person could apply for their card in any Social Security office. Since 1972, when SSA began assigning SSNs and issuing cards centrally from Baltimore, the area number assigned has been based on the ZIP code in the mailing address provided on the application for the original Social Security card. The applicant's mailing address does not have to be the same as their place of residence. Thus, the Area Number does not necessarily represent the State of residence of the applicant, either prior to 1972 or since. Generally, numbers were assigned beginning in the northeast and moving westward. So people on the east coast have the lowest numbers and those on the west coast have the highest numbers. The second set of two digits is called the Group Number. Within each area, the group number digits) range from 01 to 99 but are not assigned in consecutive order. For administrative reasons, group numbers issued first consist of the ODD numbers from 01 through 09 and then EVEN numbers from 10 through 98, within each area number allocated to a State. After all numbers in group 98 of a particular area have been issued, the EVEN Groups 02 through 08 are used, followed by ODD Groups 11 through 99. Alleged Social Security numbers containing area numbers other than those found on that table are impossible. The final set of four digits is the Serial Number. Within each group, the serial numbers digits) run consecutively from 0001 through 9999. Source: [Official Social Security Website]
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why western formal menswear is always white and black, with something tied around your neck?
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I only know about ties. They used to be functional. Weirdly, in the Croatian military during the 1600's, they used to tie the top of their military jackets together with a bit of cloth. King Louis XIII liked the look so much he made it a requirement for royal gatherings. It became fashionable as a result. Never really went out of style.Tie - > Crawat - > Kravat - > Kroat Kroat soldiers wore neckties and they became European fashion when the most powerful of all the Europeans decided he fancied them. As for the black and white-ness of the menswear, consider that * it was very unusual to go places unaccompanied for \'nice people\', and * you didn't really know what fantastic colors the ladies would show up with until they, well, showed up. So, black and white was a utile "goes with everything, emphasizes your date's color choices" standard. I 've heard it said the V shape of the neck makes men seem taller and top-heavier , which I buy - but have read no proof of that reasoning being around at the time.
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How is Google not a monopoly, especially in the B2B section?
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Being a monopoly isn't illegal. Engaging in anticompetitive behavior in order to become or maintain a monopoly is illegal. To my knowledge, Google isn't involved in any behavior right now that is designed to force other companies out of the market, they're just performing better or at a lower cost than their peers. What Google services were you thinking of?
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What causes to us to wake up and forgot where we are for a few brief seconds?
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The brain isn't something that just turns on full power and shuts down to 0 power when not in use. It needs to warm up, and take in its new surroundings to build context and put meaning behind what it sees. When you wake up, its not like your brain is at 100 percent and processing things like a super computer its sluggish at first, but after a short warm up, its right back to speed.
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The Chinese Government-Is it really communist?
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Well at first it was trying to be hard core communist, but Mao's Great Leap Foreward resulted in them falling flat on their face. After millions died and Mao died too the government decided to go a different direction. The Chinese are communist only in name at this point, they have adopted a Free Market system for the most part. Of course they do have their share of restriction and regulations, but for the most part they are capitalists with stronger leanings of socialism
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Why do pimples form and why are they so prevalent with teens going through puberty?
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Your skin is full of tiny holes called pores. Pores serve a variety of functions but the point of your question: Pimples occur when the pore becomes clogged with dirt, oil, or an in-grown hair. Pimples are common in teens due to the excessive natural oils generated during puberty.Additional question: why does acne go away for some people, but continue for others? I'm 30 and I still have to do a daily cleaning/medicinal regimen or I start breaking out.
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Why does a 1280x720 photo look fine on a 17 inch monitor but grainy on a 4x6" print?
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Monitors usually have a resolution of about 96 ppi; they have about 96 pixels per inch, although this can vary. Mobile devices typically have much higher ppi as they are viewed at much closer range. Print resolution for good results is around 300 dpi, or 300 dots per inch. This is much higher than the usual computer monitor so a printed image of similar physical size will look pixelated. You could see the pixels on the monitor too if you looked more closely, but you usually don't get right up on them.
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Why is it so satisfying to peel something?
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I'd assume that it triggers a smaller version of the dopamine rush we get when we get something new.
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Why did throwing money into public fountains become a sign of good luck and associated with wishes?
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In the past , access to clean water was a luxury. Centuries ago, this clean water was considered a gift from the gods. Many people actually believed that gods or deities lived in the water, in fact. So, they would sacrifice what little money they had to these gods to appease and honor them, to ensure that the clean water kept flowing. Eventually, these offerings were accompanied by little requests from the gods. Nothing major, maybe a small request to help a loved one recover from an illness or a request for a bountiful crop. Eventually this led to wishing wells and throwing coins into fountains to make a wish. In Norse mythology as well, they had the "Well of Wisdom" which was to grant infinite wisdom if you sacrificed something you held dear. For most people, what they had that wa valuable was money. Odin, the Allfather of the gods and ruler of Asgard, took that a step beyond; he threw in his right eye to in turn recieve the wisdom of seeing the future and the understanding of why things must be.
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Why you get less and less sore the more frequent you work out?
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The body adapts to stress after repeated exposure, and in the case of decreased soreness in exercising much of that has to do with increased efficiency in using energy, such that muscles produce less lactic acid and other fatigue signs. However, that applies most to certain ranges of motion, so for the greatest range of motion it's best to do as many different exercises as you can.
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Why do planes leave trails?
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When things are burned , they produce three main things: Energy , Carbon Dioxide & Water. The last two come out of the engine as exhaust. Since planes fly in very cold air, the water vapour turns into tiny droplets of water or ice that float in the air, making clouds. [A second type of trail] can be formed by the shaped of the edge of the wing making a vortex , which cools the air due to changing pressure, which causes water vapour in the air to condense into water & ice to make clouds. This usually happens on days when the air is very humid. [The wikipedia page on contrails goes into more detail, & it's not too complicated in its wording.] I'm no expert on this by any means, so if anyone sees any errors in this, feel free to correct me.
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Why are objects in (old) cartoons that will be animated drawn differently and so easily noticable?
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Old cartoons were hand-drawn on transparencies. Usually, there was a background artist who painted the background, then another artist who just drew the animated figure on a set of transparencies, one per object. These were then stacked together and photographed to make the frame. When the two artists didn't exactly match up on the lighting, or when the transparencies distorted the color of the layers below, you got the effect of "movable" objects standing out from the rest.The background is a still picture. The animated parts are superimposed onto the still picture and their colours look different due to the process. So any part of the scene that moves looks slightly different as it's not a part of the background.
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If Vladimir Putin lost his mind one day and he'd decided life should be no more, would the world be safe or are there systems in place to stop things like this happening?
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Many nations have anti missile systems, but how advanced they are is probably highly classified. However Putin was the head of the the Russian intelligence, which is no small feat. He actually must be stable of mind, and isn't the leader most likely to fall off his rocker. Americans judge him because he doesn't act in America's business' best interest, but news flash! he's Russia's leader and seems to know what he's doing, in regard to that. You can think of the two countries like a newly divorcing couple; just because they're divorcing doesn't mean either one is bad -- and the one getting called crazy might not be the one who is, if either. /I guess I'm on a list now lol
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When i cut my finger, blood goes everywhere but when surgeons perform surgery, blood isnt exploding everywhere?
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* they avoid major blood vessels* you are anesthetized so your heart is beating more slowly* they often clamp off vessels to the area they are working on* there is a person their with a suction tube to remove excess bloodSurgeons also like to work in a bloodless field so they will apply large tournequites when performing surgery on an extremity. Also if a doctor has to make a small incision while you are awake they will inject you with lidocaine mixed with epinephrine the epi will cause vasoconstriction thus reducing bleedingThere is an assistant standing right next to them whose sole job is to suction it away.Partial Answer . They avoid cutting major veins and arteries And there's that vacuum tube to deal with blood already in the area and what blood flows into it afterwards.Ooh ooh ooh I know! Most surgery these days is performed with electro-surgical instruments, which use high frequency current to cut tissue by, basically, cooking it. The instruments work just like scalpels and scissors , but the "cooking" behavior cauterizes as it cuts, stopping bleeding. Before the advent of electro-surgery, bleeding was a major problem, and surgeons had to take all the extra measures mentioned in other answers in this thread.
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Why is it that our facial expressions seem to show that we are in pain while having sex, even though we feel pleasure?
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I think it has to do with the *intensity* of the pleasure we're experiencing. It can be overwhelming, even though it feels so good, and the body even prepares itself sometimes by involuntarily tensing up our muscles, especially when we're close to experiencing an orgasm.
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How matter becomes "alive" or develops consciousness
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I recommend reading: [*The User Illusion*] by Tor Norretranders, [*Gödel, Escher, Bach*] by Douglas R. Hofstadter, and [*I Am a Strange Loop*] also by Douglas R. Hofstadter for some interesting reading on the subject . I read a lot of books on science in general and, based on that, it seems like many believe consciousness and also free will is just an illusion. In fact, just a few days ago, [physicist Brian Greene sorta-kinda said as much in his AMA] - granted, he's talking specifically about free will and not consciousness per se, but I think the two must be very related. I, too, believe in God and also have a **very strong** belief in and enthusiasm for science, so this is an especially fascinating question for me. BTW: if you're interested in the way the brain works in general, I highly recommend [*How the Mind Works*] by Steven Pinker.
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- what the gallbladder does, who it works for/with, why I, at 32 am having attacks!
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I had my gall bladder removed about 6 years ago, so I can tell you what happens when you don't have one and how the doctor explained it to me. Your gall bladder acts as a storage place for the bile and other digestive bits that your liver produces . This is helpful because when you eat, your body needs those things injected into the digestive tract to properly process your food . When your gall bladder is removed, your liver has to regulate itself. Your liver doesn't really like to pay attention, and it doesn't have an internal storage compartment, really. So it learns when you eat, and when that time hits, it dumps all that stuff into your digestive tract. In summary, without a gall bladder, you have a harder time digesting fatty and greasy food. I find that if I keep a very strict eating schedule I have few problems . If I stray from that, I get very unpleasant stomach aches from unneeded digestive bile and such being secreted into my digestive tract when there is no food there.
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why is mocking the Jewish faith so common in popular entertainment?
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I just wanted to point out that Matt Stone is Jewish and that South Park rips every religion a new asshole, not just Judaism. They also wrote a massively successful musical called "The Book of Mormon" which completely destroys a particular religion. Can you guess which one? I'll give you a hint: NOT JUDAISM.I have to point out that a lot of this is *self-deprecating* humour written by people who identify as Jewish. It's actually kind of part of Jewish culture. For example, a few years back someone in Iran decided to have a holocaust cartoon contest. Seriously, a contest for cartoons mocking the holocaust. so people in Israel started their own antisemitic cartoon contest. Because, they figured, *nobody* makes fun of the Jewish people better than *they* do.
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Why translations on shirts and things so bad?
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Who says these are translations? For example, the "Home Alone" vs "Mi Pobre Angel" title change is a choice by the studio. The meme of latchkey kids isn't as common in Latin American countries, so a "Solo En Casa" title wouldn't have worked. Calling children angels in America would be mostly sarcastic, though it's a common term of endearment in Hispanic society. These are not translations, they are thoughtful marketing choices.It hinges on the fact that most people couldn't care less what these shirts actually **say**. Just as in Western countries some Japanese writing on something gives it a certain flair, and is used just in and of itself as a design element, English is used the same way over there. The accuracy of the translation in these cases becomes very much secondary to the look of the thing. TL;DR: The vast majority of buyers aren't expected to actually read the writing - it's there for looks only.
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Why haven't humans visited the moon since 1972?
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[This article] covers it fairly well. The TLDR is that it comes down to budget restrictions, technological restrictions , a lack of political and public interest as well as NASA being more interested in putting people on Mars.
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Why is northern Mexico's drug trade so violent and why does it feel like no one is *seriously* doing something about it?
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Because the cartels quite literally own the mexican goverment. Or more specifically, the influential politicians that could do anything about it.The Mexicans in the early 2000's took aggressive measures to combat the growing influence of the cartels. Long story short this strategy backfired and allowed the most violent cartels to take their place and thrive. Through intimidation, murder, and bribery of elected officials, law enforcement, and the criminal justice system these cartels have been able to conduct business with impunity in some areas. Fortunately for the US the cartels are smart enough to understand that widespread violence on this side of the border will be met with an overwhelming response that ultimately will hamper their efforts smuggling drugs into the country. While you do hear about creeping violence on the border it still is very much a Mexican issue. Immigration reform has been on the backburner lately so its unlikely that anything will be done soon.
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Why is it when someone drinks a cup of coffee they might get sleepy but the same doesn't happen with energy drinks?
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It sometimes does, especially in people with atypical responses to caffeine, such as those with ADHD. Some folks with ADHD self medicate with energy drinks rather than taking a prescription stimulant such as adderall. I’ve also encountered parents who use Mountain Dew to chill out their kid during a hyperactivity meltdown. ', "In a word, sugar. Energy drinks have a bunch of sugar which gives you a rush. Caffeine doesn't work if you're already sleepy but sugar still wakes you up
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Why at high speeds on a motorcycle you countersteer turns while leaning.
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As you're rolling forward you turn the wheel to the left Momentum continues to carry you forward Since the wheel's moved to the left you 'fall' into the space where the wheel used to be. The bike leans over to the right The bike's wheels draw a curve that has your 'lean' towards the center The same forces that stick you to the wall as you are spun around in a carnival ride keep your weight pushed into the tires and stop you from falling down The bike changes direction along that curve and 'turns right' in relation to your initial direction.If you did not lean into your turn-- using only the handlebars or wheel in a car-- you would [roll or flip to the outside of the turn]. Countersteering uses this effect of "falling away from the turn" combined with a turn in *the "wrong" direction* to push you towards your intended turn.
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What does it mean to estimate pi
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Pi is an infinitely long not repeating decimal. 3.14 is an estimate to the hundredth position. 3.14159 is an estimate to the 100000th position. All finite representations of pi are estimations, and the work of calculating the next digit is to "estimate pi to a greater degree of accuracy."Pi is something called an irrational number, which means there isn't any way to write it as a normal fraction, e.g. 1/2 or 4/5 or 35/100. Because it's irrational, it has infinitely many decimal digits e.g. 3.14159265358979323846264338327950288419716939 There is no end to the decimal digits, which means we'll never be able to write down the 'true\' value of pi in full decimal form. Instead, what we say to ourselves is "sure, there might be infinitely many digits, but how many of them do we actually need to use for any practical tasks?". It turns out, not really that many. With 39 decimal digits of pi, we can measure the circumference to the accuracy of the width of a hydrogen atom. Instead of including a load of useless decimal places then, we can just use an estimate which is good enough for the task required. Historically the approximation of 22/7 has been used for pi, since 22/7 = 3.1428.., which is an estimate of pi accurate to 2 decimal places.
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why moving a body part through hot water makes the water feel hotter than when said body part is stationary in the same water at the same temperature.
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Same reason air feels cooler when its being blown on you by a fan instead of being still. The movement, yours or the water's, makes you come in to contact with water that hasn't cooled down by being in contact with you. Same thing happens with cold water if you move around instead of being still, it will feel even colder since the water closest to your skin is being replaced instead of having time to warm up a tiny bit.
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Why should I worry about Google's data gathering?
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Do you have to be worried? Not necessarily. Just what does Google have about you? If you use their email, they likely know your name and keywords about your interests. If you use their search, they know some of the sites you visit and your interests. For the most part, knowledge of your interests helps them make ads of more interest to you. If you're more interested in an ad, you're more likely to click it, and ads are Google's primary source of revenue. Consider it this way: you're a gamer who likes action games. Since you mostly search for action games, Google knows that they're your interest. Thus, instead of an ad about how professors hate a guy, you get ads about an action game. Which would this action-game lover be more likely to click? But should we be concerned? We don't really know exactly what Google has on you. They supposedly have just keywords about your interests. These keywords aren't even managed by humans, but by a robot that really doesn't care about you. However, it's also possible that Google keeps track of every words in every email you have . For the average user, in a worst case scenario, Google knows a bit about you based on your emails. In a more realistic scenario , they just know a handful of facts about you. For most people, I'd be more concerned about what you voluntarily post on the internet. How much information have you given Facebook, for example? How much have you told the world via tweets? And if you don't use Gmail, the information Google keeps from their searches pales in comparison to what Facebook knows about you. And information leaks via Facebook are pretty common, too, since people are poorly educated on Facebook's privacy settings . However, the shocking conclusion is that for the most part, nobody really cares about you. Unless you're on an FBI watchlist for some reason, nobody really cares that you like Nirvana or about your grandmother's turnip casserole recipe.
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Why do things that are warm or heated up have more of a scent than things that are cold?
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You smell things because particles of the item are floating in the air and registering in your nose. If you heat something up it makes substances more volatile. This just means that since the thing is hotter its particles have more energy, and so can escape from the object into the air more easily. Also bacteria and fungi grow more readily in warmer temperatures, and so there is simply more smell due to thatSmell is caused by vapour particles, i.e gasses. The warmer something is, the more vapour it gives off, hence the more it smells
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Why Tim Tebow is not playing in the NFL (especially this year with so many injured QBs)?
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He is not good enough to play. The NFL teams are not blacklisting him for some arbitrary reason. He is not good enough. It really is that simple, no matter how hard his fans wish otherwise.If Tim Tebow were good enough to be playing in the NFL, he would be. He certainly wants to. But its clear that no team feels he is up to task. Additionally, for a QB, its very tough to just get put into and learn a new system quickly and effectively, especially moreso if you haven't been playing constantly. All that said, there are plenty of QBs ready to go, currently playing or on practice squads probably much better than Tebow anyways. Being a good college player doesn't always translate to the different style of game played in the NFL.
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If two different species can't breed with each other, how do we have things like the liger? (Lion + Tiger
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Some species are close enough that breeding is still an option. A horse bred with a donkey will result in a mule, which is sterile and unable to breed with anything elseUnfortunately, what delineates one species from another is very loosely defined, and some of it is just arbitrary decisions on the part of taxonomists. The whole "can breed and produce fertile offspring" thing is just a rule of thumb. That said, lion-tiger crosses aren't always fertileThere are a lot of species concepts-- the one you're talking about is the most broadly taught, and is known as the "biological species concept," and is about two organisms producing offspring that can go on to produce viable offspring. There are different species concepts that apply if you're deep in the study of a certain organism or a related field , and it gets even trickier when you want to protect an endangered species . The thing is, "species" is a name for a group of related things, but those things are in flux both across space and time. Biologists\' rules for naming and ordering things haven't always necessarily fit with how living things are related and change, but we're moving more toward that. It's getting more reliable as genetic tools become more accessible and more reliable. But biology is a pretty funky science and there will always be weird exceptions. For instance, there's a complex of salamanders in the area I used to live where a single "species" is all female, and they can mate with males of a few different species. However, rather than having both parents contribute half of each chromosome pair to their offspring, the females dump out the genetic information from the sperm and use it to create clones of themselves. The process doesn't always work, so sometimes their offspring wind up with two complete sets of chromosomes from parents of different species, and sometimes THEIR offspring will do the same thing and you can imagine how messy it gets.
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How do companies like Netflix, Shomi and Crave TV make money charging a few dollars a month when I pay $70/month for cable and they have commercials?
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Part of it is that Netflix, Shomi, and Crave produce very very little of their content. They simply distribute entertainment and distribution rights are much much cheaper than production costs along with distribution rights. Part of it is the fact that there is not a middle man. The cable companies are a middle man that makes a profit on each TV network. Netflix cuts that out and so is cheaper. Part of it is that people are willing to pay for it with cable and so they charge what they can get away with. Part of it is that cable networks have the infrastructure to maintain and so have more overheadCable utilities probably also just make way more money. Once they have a natural monopoly on a region due to infrastructure costs , they can really charge whatever they want. It is not regulated as strenuously as things like gas or electricity.
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Why we say "Islamic" extremism instead of "Muslim" extremism
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Typically, "Islam" refers to the religion, and "Muslim" to the people who follow Islam. "Islamic" is used for anything that is part of the larger culture of Islam- Islamic art, Islamic Music, Islamic Prayers .and so on. So we say "Islamic extremeISM" and "Muslim ExtremeIST"', "Quick google search as I couldn't put it into worda well. > Islam : grammatically speaking, Islam should only refer to the religion or acts done in the name of that religion, never a person who practices that religion. Islamic community and Islamic art are correct, Islamic man is not. > Muslim should be used to describe all people of the Islamic faith but not the faith itself. You may say that you are interested in the religion of Muslims, but never in the Muslim religion. Hopefully that helps. [Link] to site I quoted.Islam is a religion name, while "muslim" means "one who believes", which in this case refers to the followers of islam. Generally, the religion and name of its followers are the same for example buddhism and buddhists; christians and christianity. However in this case it just happens to be 2 significantly different words.
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