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Why does lifting weights make your muscles bigger?
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It's not true that muscle cells divide and more and more are made. Muscle cells are generally not made during your lifetime, but instead hypertrophy and grow in size due to the stress placed on them during activity. They'll eventually have more mitochondria for better aerobic oxidation. Muscle cells can die, but they are not replaced.
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why can't planes have an enormous parachute attached to the cabin in case of emergency/loss of flight?
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I think this will anser your question but essentially: > To safely bring down a big commercial airliner such as a Boeing 747 with about 500 people on board, there would have to be 21 parachutes each the size of a football field, says Popov. “It takes about a square foot of material to bring down one pound of aircraft.”
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Why we can't use salt water as toilet water?
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Corrosion is a big issue with salt water lines, but there is another problem as well. Cities have a fresh water system which have fresh water reservoirs, water pumps, water towers, pipes, etc. The toilet water comes from that fresh water system. If we wanted salt water toilets, then the city would have to build a new and separate water system with separate pumps and pipes. This would be very expensive; it would cost more money than it would saveCorrosion would be a big part. Also, that only helps people who live very close to the ocean.
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If my fingerprint was never recorded, how can I be IDed?
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This is true. If you were never recorded there would be no record. You'll be fingerprinted for almost any government job, any time you're arrested, or for certain types of background checks. If none of that occurred, then there would be no record. If in the show the guy they were looking for was former military or something, then that might raise suspicion.
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If we were to cover the ground with enough solar panels to generate all of our electricity, would atmosphere and ground not become substantially colder leading to new issues?
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Not really. First, the best place to put such solar panels would be somewhere that you weren't using the land for other purposes. So you'd avoid building giant solar farms in agricultural lands and so forth. You'd put them on top of buildings, perhaps, or in deserts that get a lot of sun. And they might take some of the energy out of the sun but they certainly don't take all of it out. Second, the sun's energy is converted into electricity and a big chunk of that is converted into heat when it's delivered and used somewhere. Solar panel generated electricity generates a little heat in an LED light bulb, but a lot of heat in a toaster or when applied to the heat exchanger in your fridge. So you have a minor reduction in ground temperature at a solar farm, but that's largely made up for a minor increase in temperature elsewhere. You might get some microclimate changes as wind patterns change a tiny bit, but unless you're talking creating some massive form of solar plant that wipes out a large forest, it's not going to substantially change the climate for a large region. However, if it somehow entirely replaces fossil fuel emissions, there could be big payoffs in terms of climate change reduction and that in turn could avoid future tremendous changes in weather on coastal regions, for example.
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T+2, as in "Funds will be settled into the nominated merchant account with bank on a T+2 basis"
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For Reference - _URL_0_ T stands for "transaction" as in "the day this event actually happened". The "+X" indicates how many days after the "T" that the money/asset will officially change hands. So a T+2 transactions would mean that if you sold on Monday, the transaction would "clear" on Wednesday.
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What factors lead to fluctuations in stock prices?
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Stock prices change because the perceived value of the underlying assets in the company. The basic way to value a stock is to look at future profits and adjust them for risk and how far they will occur in the future. This approach is roughly called "discounted cash flow." Anything that reduces future profitability or increases risk will reduce the stock price, and vice versa. If you want a *very* basic approximation Stock Value = Average Future Profits / In general I would divide the causes into two broad categories: **New Information*** Earnings surprises - Wall Street thinks the company is going to make $1/share and it makes $2/share. This leads to higher expected profits in the future and higher stock prices. * Industry changes - An industry report comes out saying Chinese solar panel manufacturers have much larger capacity than expected. Your solar stock in the US drops in value. * Macroeconomic changes - Economists update their economic growth forecasts and project a sooner end to the recession. The stock price goes up on higher earnings expectations. * Policy changes - The FDA approves a company's blockbuster drug. The stock skyrockets. **Supply / Demand Events** * Large Positions - Typically this will be something like a large investor or fund wants to unwind its position in a stock for reasons largely unrelated to the underlying business or any recent news. When you put a lot of shares up the price typically goes down or vice versa. * Index Funds - Lately, movement in the overall index has been causing movement in the individual components because index funds need to buy or sell shares of a specific stock. This is a special case of the bullet above. * Investor Sentiment - People can get nervous or optimistic for reasons unrelated to an individual stock, but perceptions that the stock market is safer or less volatile typically increase stock prices.
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Who do transmission towers and cranes have bases that are narrower than the tower itself?
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[Here] is a thread with a good explanation. Basically, the bottom of the tower is subject to a lot of forces, and the pyramid shape is stronger than spreading it out.
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what does 'innocent until proven guilty' really mean
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True. A person is presumed innocent until proven guilty, which means that the burden of proof is on the prosecution to prove the defendant guilty, not on the defense to prove him innocent. Typically when a person is arrested and charged with a crime, they are either held in jail or allowed bail, basically handing over a bunch of money to be returned when you face trial. In the US, suspects have the right to a speedy trial, so they may, instead of sitting in jail waiting for their trial, have it right away if they so choose. However, it's generally not a good legal strategy to do so, since the prosecution usually already has a case against you, and it takes time to build a defense.As for the first question, "innocent until proven guilty" means that the government has to prove you committed the crime. They cannot make you prove you didn't do it. In other words, you don't have to do anything at all they have to do the work. For the second, when convicted, you are conclusively proven to be guilty. Prior to that, you can be detained if the gov't jumps through the right hoops. In the US you have a right to reasonable bail, but if you are a danger to others or a flight risk, you can be denied bail. Whether you are a danger to others is determined at a hearing.They are held until a trial because if they are guilty, they could try to escape or even flee the country. Usually they are allowed to post bail as insurance that they won't flee.
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Exactly why do Buzzfeed and Gawker and Vulture and Vice and whatnot have names that invoke such negative implications?
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Self deprecation is fairly popular these days. Vice is a little different in that it's always been a smaller media outlet. I've always thought of them as niche journalism though they've expanded considerably over the last couple of decades. The others are just click bait. It doesn't really matter what they're called because their demographic doesn't care. Chances are they're borderline illiterate and don't understand the context.
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How do the spiders in my basement survive considering there's no bugs for them to eat?
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If there are spiders in your basement why do you think there are no other bugs for them to eat?There are no bugs because the spiders eat them …', "What makes you so sure there's no food? Not all spiders eat flies and birds. Some eat insects too small for you to see without a magnifying glass, others eat other spiders, some might not even be insectivores.
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How do geologist date the age of stone formations?
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There are lots of methods, including isotope measurements like C-14. C-14 works for living organisms because the constant exchange of carbon means that the body contains the \'normal\' mix of carbons, but once the organism dies, it's locked in, and then the more unstable carbons decay into more stable carbons at a predictable rate, meaning the isotope balance is no longer the normal mix -- and we can measure that difference to calculate approximately how old something is. Some kinds of rocks are the exact same way. When they're formed, it locks the isotope content down at what the "normal" amounts are, and, since they decay at different rates, you can measure the current balances to figure out when it was formed. There's other methods as well, such as finding fossils in the rock. If you know when the fossils are from, you know when the rock was formed. Or keying to other known events, such as volcanic eruptions. If you find an ash layer, you can see what it's made of, and, if you're lucky, identify the volcanic eruption it came from. If you can identify the eruption, you can find the age. Lots and lots of methods are used, some radiological, some biological, and most are just good, old fashioned detective work, trying to key the rock layer to other known ages.
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How does google know how popular a place is from hour to hour.
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The same way they know how fast traffic is moving. They collect gps data from every android phone and see that there's an increase in number of phones in that location at that particular time.
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Why isn't cryosleep (like in Avatar etc.) available (yet?) ?
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The trouble with "cryosleep" is that we can't freeze a person fast enough. Unless a person is frozen VERY quickly, "ice" crystals form in their cells\' cytoplasm, causing those cells to rupture immediately on thawing . Theoretically, if we could freeze a person quickly enough, or after introducing some sort of chemical that prevents the crystallization, cryosleep would be possibleBecause freezing the human body causes the water in our cells to crystallize, destroying the cells and killing the person.
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Why do I feel grimy after a brief nap, but not after a full night's sleep?
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Sleep happens in cycles and phases, a phase consisting from light restorative sleep to REM or rapid eye movement phases. When you take a nap for longer then 10-20 minutes, it goes into the REM cycle. The REM phase reacts badly when stopped abruptly much like a drop on a roller coaster. That's why the best amount of time to nap is 10-20 minutes, before the onset of the REM phase. Sleep on the other hand is best in multiples of 3 hours, which is how long one cycle lasts. *TL;DR:* Naps make you feel better if 10-20 minutes, but any more makes you feel horrible. Sleep if in 3 hour cycles also makes you feel better.
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Why do you sometimes wake up and your mouth feels fuzzy with bacteria, but this never happens during the day?
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Eating, drinking, talking, and just salivating help wash clean mouth surfaces while awake. One would hope all of these are sharply reduced during sleep.You stop producing saliva when you're asleep . Saliva works to kill bacteria; a lack of saliva lets it grow with impunity. This is why, if you can only do it once a day, to brush your teeth at night than in the morning, because otherwise you're letting the bacteria grow and work on your teeth all night.
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Why do your fingers hurt when they get cold?
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Hypoxia, or oxygen deficiency, is painful. The blood vessels constrict in effort to maintain core temperature thereby decreasing the number of oxygen-carrying red blood cells to the tissue of the hands.It's usually because of the vessel constriction in the appendages, however, depending on how much they hurt you could have something called [Raynaud's Disease].
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Why is it that we can see dim light in a dark room better in our peripheral vision than when we look straight at it?
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You have different things in your eyes called rods and cones. Rods are better at seeing in low light, and are generally around the outer part of your eye. Cones can see color, and are grouped right in the center. When you are in low light conditions you can see better if you don't look directly at something because what you look at directly will be picked up more by the cones. Peripheral vision uses more of the rods. [This] does a better job of explaining it, but beyond a ELI5 level answer.
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Why do animals sometimes break up fights between each other?
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Because certain dog breeds are pacifists by nature. Just kidding, it's a show of dominance over both fighting animals by the animal stopping the fight. Basically the animal stopping the fight is saying "the only fighting will be done by me, and only when I feel like it so sit down and shut up!" It can honestly be several reasons.
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How come right when a wound or a scab is about to heal it becomes very itchy?
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The physical stress of the skin stretching closed tickles the nerves that signal itching. Scar tissue being formed can also itch, due to its texture.
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What exactly does it mean to be double jointed?
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It is an awkward idiom used to refer to people with hypermobility/hyperlaxity. Meaning they can flex joints much further than the average person canNo such thing as "double jointed" you dont have extra joints just the ability to hyperextend the joint in question
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Why is the standard of mass was named "kilogram" instead of just "gram" like any other units?
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It appears on my limited research that gram was originally chosen as the base unit, but then it was decided to be too small so the standard unit was changed. And I suppose to keep it simple, instead of significantly changing the meaning of a word, a prefix was added. This video goes over the history of Kilogram naming _URL_0_The reason they used kg instead of just grams as the SI unit is mainly because grams would be too cumbersome to use in a normal day. Kilograms is a much more effective measurement as alnost everything in a normal situation can be measured in that scale.
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How does the US Air Force determine which aircraft(B-1,B-2,B-52,F-16,etc) a target needs to be bombed by?
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Mission parameters, cost, availability: The F-16 has a smaller payload capacity than a bomber. It's also cheaper and easier to maintain. If a target can be destroyed by an F-16 within mission parameters, then use an F-16 instead of a B-52 which will burn more fuel, require more maintenance, etc.
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How does a water softener work?
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So you need to think of water like a bus. It cruises along inside of your pipes occasionally picking passengers up along the way . Now Calcium and Magnesium are bad patrons. They leave a film on the bus and generally make things work less efficiently because of their disruptive nature. As you can imagine this makes it really hard for the bus to do its job . To fix this, we need to take those nasty passengers off of the bus. This is where our friend Sodium comes in like the enforcer. Sodium will walk into the bus and remove Calcium and Magnesium. Calcium and Magnesium give Sodium grief though, so he brings his friends resin and zeolyte along to help. They tie Calcium and Magnesium up, toss them out of the bus, and put them in a holding cell. When that cell gets full, we empty it out by sending Calcium and Magnesium to their new job bothering the people at the water treatment plant.
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How are viewership figures calculated for TV Shows and are they accurate?
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Unless you are a household that participates in TV rating measurement , it does not matter what you do. A random sample audience is used to track statistics, and then that data is used to extrapolate nationwide viewership. Freeview sounds maybe like a UK thing, but it seems the UK does something similar: _URL_0_
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How can tabloid magazines get away with making up embarrassing and shocking stories about celebrities? Isn't that considered libel?
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It's libel if the claim can be shown to be untrue. If the claim is true, or cannot be proven false, it's not libel. And as /u/Melon-Tester says, there are ways of wording your article so it can't easily be proven false. Another trick is to make the claim in the form of a question: "Did Angelina Jolie snort cocaine?" You can then go on to state a few facts while omitting some others , and you have successfully planted in readers\' minds the idea that Jolie snorts cocaine without ever actually having stated anything false. Of course, if a publication does sail too close to the wind and is successfully sued, it just pays a fine which barely registers on its financial statement -- chump change to a major publishing empire -- and prints a tiny "correction" three months later in the bottom right corner of page 31 that nobody will readI think it's because they use vague terms such as "source's claim Charlie Sheen is actually black" they then basically build their bullshit article around thatSome celebs ascribe to the adage that there is no such thing as bad publicity and don't bother. However, they do actually get sued and often settle out of court with gag orders all 'round. It's a cost of doing business. When I was young in the 70s, the tabloids were really raunchy and full of libel. That's why they seem to have switched to "stars without makeup" and "stars with cellulite". It's hard to sue over being caught at Starbucks with Morning Face or caught at the beach with celluite on the thighs or saggy baby feeding boobies.
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How can medical professionals test for evidence of a heart attack after it occurred?
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They use something called an Electrocardiogram to test for electrical signals from the heart, as well as drawing blood and testing cardiac enzymes which will show evidence of a heart attackIt depends how long ago the heart attack was, but you can often measure levels of troponin and creatine kinase in the blood which may suggest damage to the heart muscle.
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What material does an electromagnetic wave exist in?
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No medium. Think of what medium a gravitational field moves through? It doesnt have a medium. A changing electric field creates a magnetic field next to it. That magnetic field creates an electric field next to it, and the energy of an EM wave travels through these self-creating fieldsThe electric and magnetic fields are just models which work well for making predictions. They don't physically exist, in the sense that there really truly is a magnetic or electric field, but the universe sort of acts like there is one. An electromagnetic wave consists of a huge number of photons. Basically, when they're in large enough groups, they act like what we call an EM wave. An electromagnetic field is a representation of the interaction between charged particles, which actually interact via the same field which generates photons. When charged particles are far apart, they act like their behavior is governed by the electromagnetic field, but strictly speaking it isn't, since the electromagnetic field isn't a real thing. From a purely theoretical standpoint, in classical physics the medium for the electric and magnetic fields is called the "luminiferous aether." Relativity proved that the aether doesn't exist, though. The closest thing the EM field has to a "medium" is spacetime.
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Why did people in places like Africa develop darker skin when black absorbs the most light compared to lighter colors?
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Dark skin is caused by melanin. When the sun hits your skin it gets absorbed by melanin and not by your skin cells. This is a good thing because if your skin cells absorb the sun it can cause damage that can possibly lead to skin cancer.Darker skin has high concentrations of melanin which can help to protect against UV light and greatly decreases the chances of getting skin cancer. That's why people in places like Africa where they are constantly exposed to intense sunlight have darker skin."They" didn't develop darker skin as humanity migrated from Africa into Europe, the protection that darker skin gave from the the sun became obsolete over thousands of years this became the norm, especially in northern Europe
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Can someone explain Linked-Lists in C to me??
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A linked list is like a treasure hunt. Every location you get to, you find a piece of candy and a clue as to where to go next.
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Why's it so important to have intake ventilation for attic fan?
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When you turn a fan like this, you can definitely feel a pressure change in the house. It sucks fresh air through the ventilation aka windows into the house. Without proper ventilation, your fan will not work efficiently. I googled a specific danger example:Turning on a fan without proper ventilation can cause the fan to suck fumes into the house from appliances including water heaters and furnaces. These appliances emit carbon monoxide through exhaust vents that are close to the house, the attic fan, can potentially suck them into the house, so you are potentially filling your house with carbon monoxide if you do not give other avenues of fresh air._URL_0_
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In films such as Horatio Hornblower from 1951 they have amazing live action sailing footage of old sailing ships. How did they make them so realistically?
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They used real ships. :) Even today, there are a number of people and organizations dedicated to preserved old sailing vessels, and many ships of this type still operate, mostly for recreation or tourism, around the worldaccording to the wikipedia entry for the movie "captain horatio hornblower" they filmed those exterior scenes on location using real boats and ships.
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How colorizations work when people colorize black and white photos.
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Basically, if you take a paint brush in Photoshop, guess the color that most accurately represents the skin tone, and lower the opacity , you can achieve colorization by painting over the image. Black and white photos have all the shadows, so it's just a matter of accurately guessing the appropriate colors and carefully painting over the image in the correct places. There are more complex techniques to get better results, such as changing the layer blending, but what I explained above is the basic idea.
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What is the Kaaba? Why is the rock so special?
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IIRC, The Kaaba is a building said to have been built by Abraham and his son to house a rock from Heaven brought to him by an angel.
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Why do our taste buds change over time?
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Repeated exposure and your taste buds dying, basically. As a kid you're primed to like sweetness and hate bitterness because sugar = energy to keep you alive and bitterness = poison that can kill you. Once you get older, you become more adventurous with your food choices largely out of necessity - I hate salad, and always have, but have to eat it because in America it's something you eat a lot. Repeated exposure means you get used to and grow to like it. Also, as an adult, your nose isn't as sensitive to smell and your tastebuds aren't as numerous, meaning you literally don't taste things as strongly.some things are healthy for adults but harmfull for children.like, bitter compounds can help degstion, but to high doses can harm the stomach. for children, the harmful dose is very low.likewhise, childrens dont like foods and drinks that contain bitter compounds, like colewort and for a good reason.however, its not so much the taste buds that change. its the brains interpretation of what tastes good that changes.
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Chronostasis.The phenomenon of ''Stopped second-hand ''.
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Your eyes move in small "jumps" called saccades. During a saccade, you are effectively blind, since your brain "throws away" all of the information coming from your eyes while they're moving . But I'm sure you 've noticed that you don't appear to go blind every time you move your eyes. The reason is that your brain takes whatever you see once a saccade stops, and sort of "back-dates" it in your memory so that it seems like you were seeing that image when the saccade *started* rather than when it stopped. So if you happen to glance at a clock **just** as the second hand ticks, you'll see the hand in the new position, but your brain will make you *think* that it had been in that position for a fraction of a second already, so it appears to you that the hand stays its current position for longer than one second.
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How your drink can go down the wrong pipe?
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No it is in fact the case, your throat goes to 2 places, your stomach and your lungs. There is a flap that decides where the contents are going, and on occasion you will come close to sending liquid into your lungs. Of course your body realizes this and coughs it up rather violently to ensure it doesn't happen.
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how do SSRI's cross the blood-brain barrier and inhibiting the reuptake?
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SSRI stands for selective serotonin reuptake inhibitor which actually does a lot to explain what it does. First of all, many molecules can cross the blood-brain barrier, they can do so by either using existing channels in the barrier by being similar in structure to things we need to get to our brain, or by being able to diffuse through the barrier itself which typically requires the molecule to be highly fat soluble. Once it gets to the brain, SSRIs act by preventing the reuptake of serotonin that has already been released by neurons at the synapse:Basically when a neuron is stimulated, it releases a chemical called a neurotransmitter from its terminal which hangs out in a small area called a synapse and can stimulate other neurons by binding to little antennae like extensions called dendrites that reach into the synapse. Neurons use all kinds of neurotransmitters, one of which is Serotonin . When serotonin is released at the synapse, it is eventually cleared by proteins that either break it down or reabsorb it into the neurons, a process called reuptake. If it wasn't broken down or reabsorbed it would just keep stimulating the other neurons in the area without limit. SSRIs bind to the proteins that are responsible for the reuptake of serotonin at the synapse and cause them to be less efficient at their job, this results in the serotonin hanging around for a little bit longer in the synapse before being cleared increasing its ability to activate other serotonergic neurons while its there. So SSRIs don't really increase serotonin or "trigger" them per say, instead they just increase that action of the stuff thats already there.
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Is it as dangerous for animals to eat raw meat as it is for us humans?
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Animals can and are frequently harmed by pathogens in the food they eat and humans both in the past and the present enjoy the eating of raw meat, including raw, or hardly cooked mammalean meat regularly without significant harm. Humans are a bit more succeptable to foodborne pathogens, largely because our guts have adapted to a diet where we do cook much of our food. Cooking also reduces the effort needed in digestion as it damages tougher cellular materials which can be difficult to break down chemically. Other animals have adaptations from the relatively simple of eating very fresh meat to more complicated such as very short digestive periods or extremely nasty bile. There is a great amount of cultural diversity regarding the appropriateness of less-cooked animal products. While in the US, public health advocates have encouraged people to eat their poultry and pork products very thoroughly cooked, in many places from France to Vietnam one can find much less-thoroughly cooked meat products. It is still common in the US to eat beef which is not cooked to temperatures which destroy common pathogens. Cooking is a great advance for humans as it allows us to eat a greater variety of food and reduces the amount of effort we spend in searching for and digesting it, freeing our time and energy for other tasks. Humans generally like the flavor of cooked food, both for its improved nutritional value and likely for its reduced risk of illness. However, humans are still quite capable of eating raw meats, but they do usually need extra chewing in order for our guts to get significant nutrition from them.
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USB-A vs USB-C vs USB 3.0/3.1
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It's backwards compatible in the sense that the protocols work together. They don't **physically** fit together. The USB-C standard carries *a lot* more pins designed for extra USB-C specific services and features. So yeah, you do need an adapter. The nice part is that adapters can be relatively cheap and simple since you just need to get the right metal bits to touch. If the protocol was different you'd need some actually intelligent hardware to manage the process .
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Can you fire someone for having cancer?
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If you actually say it like that, then hell no. But if the person with cancer is missing work without calling in, staring off in extreme pain instead of working, or depressing customers to the point that they leave, you can fire them for that. Although they have a decent chance of winning a lawsuit against you if you do. Edit: Of course this varies by state, there are some where you can fire people for no reason at all, and others where it costs more to fire them than to keep themIn most places in the US, while you can't be fired for "having cancer", you can absolutely be terminated if you have a medical condition that prevent you from adequately performing your job.If you have a medical condition that prevents you from preforming your job description, your place of employment may look for an alternate job for you that has light duties if you're a full time staff member. Otherwise they're in their rights to send you to a medical practitioner and if you're deemed unfit for work they can dismiss you on medical grounds.
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Why do news and other websites need me to allow 34 scripts to watch a video.
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Two broad brush reasons. 1) Developers are lazy and often just grab something that they think works and run with it. They don't notice that it is pulling in stuff from 7 domains and that stuff pulls in more from 27 other domains. 2) As others have noted, pulling in ads and/or doing data collection or analysis to push more ads later. Oh, and 3) some of that is hackers trying to mess with your system, especially with porn sites. I love NoScript, but some sites are so so screwed that I have to choose between disabling it and avoiding the site. Edit: Oops, pound signs made everything big and bold.Some might but if they are that much hassle I just do a google search for the same video and see who else is sharing it. Most of the time just 1 or 2 scripts will do it. I temporarily permit them using noscript and when I have the file I revoke all temporary access.The short answer is it doesn't need more than 1 or 2 scripts. The other 32 are for serving up those sweet sweet context-based ads.
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Why do gas stations charge extra for using credit/debit when it seems no one else does?
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Visa/MasterCard does not allow their merchants to charge more for credit transactions. It's a blacklisting offense that will get you banned from taking cards. However, the gas industry resisted credit cards for a long time due to their very slim profit margins. V/MC wanted their slice of that pie, because gas is a great industry if you are getting a very small chunk of each gallon pumped, so they created a special exception to the rule, allowing gas stations to offer a lower cash price, in exchange for bringing them onboard to process cards. It's built in a way that the gas station makes the same profit and the difference to take the card is passed on tomth e customer. In addition, gas stations that are registered under certain SIC codes receive a significant discount on the fees, so they lay a lot less per transaction, and a much smaller percentage of the dollar value, then say a mom and pop corner store not selling gas.
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google adwords v google advertising
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Google adwords is the practice of paying for "keywords" to rank in search results. This has become extremely sophisticated with the tracking capabilities. _URL_0_ was always a great tool to get an estimate for how much a specific website is spending on adwords. You may want to investigate seo as well as adwords. At a high level it's what keywords in your content are relevant to search terms. This has a great deal to do with amount of rich content with recent search terms, traffic, and link building strategiesAdWords is the way to advertise on Google through sponsored link that appears above other results when someone is searching for something.You pay everytime someone click on your link.SEO is basically all the techniques you can implement in order to make your website appear higher on search resultsYou have to be willing to bid more than everyone else for “x” in order to get your site on the first page when someone searches for “x” However there are a number of complexities that I’m not including here. Do some research google offers really good documentation.
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Could state level laws overrule things like SOPA?
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Look at the 14th amendment. Passed after the Civil War, the States have to do what the Fed saysNope. Look at how the marijuana issue is handled. California has basically legalized it, but the feds are still shutting down legal grow ops and dispensaries weekly. The feds will do what they want regardless of state laws. One of the big things that we lost in the Civil War were states rights.
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Why in the middle of winter, it's usually colder when it's sunny and warmer when it's cloudy but in the middle of summer, it's usually the opposite ?
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Not an expert, but IIRC The clouds in the winter hold in the heat from the sun creating a greenhouse effect increasing the temperature a small amount. The clouds in the summer block some of the sun's rays and cool you off. Hope that sums it up!
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How would a smart phone go about orienting itself in space?
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Gravity can be sensed in a couple different ways. one way used to be with mercury switches, which are now banned from use. Another way may be the orientation of weights- like a ball on a string always points down. Another but least likely way is pressure from weights. In space, however, there is no gravity. It's like taking that ball on a string and just randomly pulling it in a direction by shaking the device. More accurately, that ball, or weight is on a pivot rather than a string and instead spins on it's axis point. Edit: I should include that as far as I know. most smart phones have a way to disable this function all together. And iphones actually uses a type of vibrating gyroscope I was unfamiliar with.
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Why are defendants who are found guilty (and didn't plea guilty) not also charged with perjury?
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The Pennsylvania Constitution states: > In all criminal prosecutions **the accused hath a right to be heard by himself and his counsel**, to demand the nature and cause of the accusation against him, to meet the witnesses face to face, to have compulsory process for obtaining witnesses in his favor, and in prosecutions by indictment or information, a speedy public trial by an impartial jury of the vicinage; **he cannot be compelled to give evidence against himself**, nor can he be deprived of his life, liberty or property, unless by the judgment of his peers or the law of the land. The use of a suppressed voluntary admission or voluntary confession to impeach the credibility of a person may be permitted and shall not be construed as compelling a person to give evidence against himself. The "plea" of not guilty is procedural, not substantive. The accused has a right to speak, but he also cannot be compelled to give evidence against himself. Technically, when the court asks the defendant to enter a plea, he has the right to stand silent. If the defendant refuses to plead "guilty" or "not guilty" that has the same procedural effect as a not guilty plea. Thus, the plea of "not guilty" is not being offered for its truth. it's being offered as a mechanism to initiate further proceedings.It's because they are not asked if they are guilty or not, they are asked what their plea is. It's the difference between, 'Did you do this thing?' 'No.' And, 'You are accused of this thing, do you admit to it?' 'No.'
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How does a split-brain work when the corpus callosum connecting the two brain halves has been removed?
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While the corpus callosum itself has been severed, both sides of the brain still have their connections to the rest of the body. As a result, activities originating in one side of the brain but not the other can't really interact, as demonstrated in [Sperry's experiments], but those activities can still be carried out.
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How does the fourth dimension work?
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You will often hear that *time* is the fourth dimension, and this can be true in some contexts, but I assume you're referring to a fourth **spatial** dimension. I've had to work in 4 dimensions from time to time, and trying to picture it can be very difficult. In my work, we usually accomplish this by displaying 3-dimensional projections, specific views of the 4-dimensional space we're describing. Consider displaying a 3-dimensional space with 2-dimensional snapshots, and it's the same idea. Say you have a 3-dimensional ellipsoid with lots of points in and around it in an x, y, z coordinate system. One way to graphically show that space is by using 3 distinct 2-dimensional pictures - one each for the x-y, y-z, and x-z planes - they're 2-dimensional *slices* of the 3-dimensional space. We do the same thing with 4-dimensional spaces, by showing 3-dimensional *slices* of it. Since we can wrap our head around 3 dimensions, this usually serves our purpose. I've never dealt with more than 4 dimensions, so I'm not sure how I'd tackle trying to make sense of those.
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Why does water expand when it freezes.
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Water molecules are made of an oxygen atom between two hydrogen atoms. They aren't lined up straight; they're bent at an angle, like a noodle of macaroni. When water freezes into solid ice, these macaroni shapes arrange themselves into hexagons, as shown in [this image]. The empty space in the middle of each hexagon means that the overall structure takes up more space than if the H2Os just smashed together randomly . So the overall volume of water ends up expanding as it freezes into hexagons.
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purchasing power parity (GDP)?
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Say you live in the US. You make $100,000 a year. Now say you live in China, but you make $50,000 a year. You could say that the person living in the US is twice as rich as the Chinese person in absolute terms. But consider that lunch costs $10 in the USA. It costs $1 in China. So an American can buy 10,000 lunches with their salary. The Chinese person can buy 50,000 lunches. That means the person in China is richer in terms of how much they can buy. Purchasing power parity is a way to weight the amount of money someone has by how much things cost to buy in their country. That's why global wealth inequality is so shocking. It's not just absolute wealth, it's based on PPP. Half the human population lives on less than $2.50 a day, after adjusting for PPP. A single mother in the US working 40 hours a week on minimum wage is significantly wealthier than 3 billion other humans. So basically, PPP is a way of weighting how much people make by the cost of living.
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Why do TV shows have loud intros?
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I assume it's simply to: * be distinct and memorable * notify occupied people that their preferred TV show is starting
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Why is it that when I Google image search "flag of Spain", many different flags come up?
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Spain has had many different flags in the recent past. It had a different one shortly after Franco's death, a few different ones under Franco, a different one before Franco, etc.
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how do surgeons make incisions without cutting nerves?
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They study for years to make sure they know where the major nerves are. Some minor nerves do get cut - and to some extent they can regenerate, though slowly. The one cut when I had surgery under my jaw took 20 years or so to reconnect!', "Surgeons study anatomy to know where the major nerves are. Surgeons are trained not to cut things which they can't see. For example, if a surgeon uses scissors, they don't use the inner surface of the blades, because the inner edges are sharp, and because you can't see the bottom surface of what you are cutting. Surgeons use scissors by opening them, and letting the blunt sides of the blade, separate tissues gently, by pushing them apart. So when a surgeon is dissecting the tissues to get to the site of interest, they will know when to expect nerves, and will be looking out for them as they go . Some minor nerves are too small to see reliably, but those are less important than the big nerves, which are usually quite obvious.
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How do music streaming services pay artists? How much are artists paid? What is payment based on (number of plays, etc)?
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They know what people are playing and they compile costs based on play count and cut checks to the labels on a pre-determined basis. Sometimes rates are different based on quantity and such. It all differs, but most services pay standard rates that are set by law. Sometimes companies pay different rates depending on if they have a contract that gives the artist greater control of the streaming rights and sometimes they pay different rates for specific artists for things like exclusives. It depends on the situation, the song, and what agreements have been struck.
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Why water feels like cement after jumping from a really high height.
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It takes a great deal of force to compress water. When you jump into the water, mostly it's getting out of your way rather than compressing. If you're moving too fast, then the water molecules can't move fast enough to get out of your way, and they won't compress. You hit a bunch of molecules that don't move, so it might as well be a solid at the moment of impact.
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Why do we hate hearing some sounds (e.g. nails on a chalkboard, fork on a plate, styrofoam against styrofoam)?
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The sound frequencies they produce are disturbing to the ear. Humans generally dislike sharp frequencies and disturbed frequencies. As nails scrape against the chalkboard, the fingernails hit small cracks in the board which slightly alter the frequency of the sound. That's not something that humans typically enjoy. The same holds true for rubbing Styrofoam against Styrofoam. I would assume most of this comes from natural selection. Any sharpness or breakup in naturally flowing sound frequencies probably alerted early humanoids to some type of distress .
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Why is it socially unacceptable or frowned upon to drink/eat soup out of a straw, yet using one to drink a beverage is fine?
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Soups are chunky bro. [At least man soups are.]', "Customs simply haven't evolved enough tolerance for this behavior, just as they had not for having elbows on the table at meal times a few years ago. However, the behavior might seem 'weird' to some people because of the perceived inefficiency or danger of drinking soup with a straw. Soup often contains large objects or particles which could be unpleasant or dangerous if taken through a straw. Suffocation could certainly occur for young children if they sucked down a pea or lentil in the wrong way. Also, many objects in soup might clog the straw , which makes straws seem very inefficient for many soups. While there are some practical concerns about drinking soup through a straw, the practice is probably frowned upon simply because people aren't used to it and do not handle nonconformity well in this situation.
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The economics of running a cemetery.
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If they are smart they take a portion of each plot sale and put it in an investment account. So if you pay $100 for your plot I take $10 profit right away and put $90 in an account. That account earns me interest, say 5% so every year I get $4.50 interest from that account. Hopefully it costs less then $4.50 to maintain the cemetery and I can get profit from that interest as well without ever touching the original moneythe purchase of property is a perpetuity investment. If I need $10/year to maintain 1 plot, and I know I can earn 1% over inflation on a fixed investment, I need to invest $1000 to produce that $10 forever. So I sell the plot for $1000 and I am good to go forever.
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Why do some sports games and programs start at random times like 8:49?
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I'm not entirely sure, but with sports, I wouldn't be surprised if the reason is so broadcasters can do pre-game previews and stuff before the game starts.
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Why are the bodies left on Mt. Everest and are not returned to the families?
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Summiting Everest requires a great deal of money, and it's quite treacherous. Every corpse you see on Everest is someone who died on the way to the summit or on the way back. It's hard enough to do it carrying all of the gear that they have to carry. To attempt the same feat carrying a dead body along the way? Most people aren't willing to risk joining the person they'd be trying to bring back. There are occasional expeditions to cover bodies and/or move them out of the main thoroughfares.
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Why is force defined as mass x acceleration instead of mass x velocity?
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> If an object is moving at a fixed rate of speed , the acceleration would be 0, yet it would still have force. But an object moving at a fixed speed doesn't have any forces acting upon it . Why do you want to redefine physical units?
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what does it mean when a country "devalues" it's currency?
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It means that one day one day the Fakeland Dollarpound is worth one US dollar, and the next day it's worth 35 US cents. Obviously that will make Fakeland's exports way less expensive, and anyone owing debt denominated in Fakeland currency will be laughing. BUT, all of a sudden your Dollarpounds pay for far fewer imported goods, inflation shoots through the roof and the cost of living goes way up for all Fakelanders.
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Why do countries have different names for one another instead of using that country's local name (or something close to it) for itself?
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Have you seen the top post at /r/mapporn? It's about all the different names of Germany. Countries are named in different times and from different point of views. Before Deutschland was named Deutschland there were already a whole lot of names for that region. Germany after Germania, Saksa after the Germanic tribe the saxons, Allemagne after the alemanni tribe. All these names were already used before Deutschland became Deutschland. Why change the name of a country if you already have a name for it? This also happened in a time were europe wasn't one big happy family. Countries weren't going to change names just because some savages used a different name.
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. How does your body make you sleep so much when you are ill?
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Your wanting to sleep is regulated by a chemical in your brain. When your brain feels it's better off sleeping to deal with an illness, it makes more of the chemical. So you sleep more.there are several molecular pathways from inflammatory response to change in behavior in animals the initial response is driven by principal pro-inflammatory cytokines which can result in increased melatonin production.the induction of so called sickness behavior has several evolutionary advantages: • it is difficult for wild animals to get food from environment and they might be unsuccessful in search for them - this costs energy which is precious for fighting the disease - > animal is forced to sleep/move less and conserve energy for immune system - raising body temp, • you decrease the chance of ingesting essential growth factors for pathogens - e.g iron, zinc, vitamins - your body also tries to hide these nutrients from the them. in fact force-feeding of animals during disease results in lower survival rate • immobility prevents spreading of diseases among relatives
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Why are some people so against circumcision?
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Generally people who are against circumcision don't have a problem with it if there is a genuine medical need for it, or if an adult chooses to be circumcised. Circumcision may not be harmful, but it's still permanently altering someone's body. Usually surgically altering a person's body without their consent or a valid medical reason is considered unethical. And if you're doing it to an infant, they can't consent to it. Think of it this way, do you think it's ok to tattoo a baby? I think a lot of people would say no. The tattoo isn't particularly harmful, especially if it's on a part of the body that isn't normally seen. But despite that, it's generally considered wrong. In some ways circumcision is worse than that. At least tattoos can be removed. You can't get a foreskin back, not properly anyway. By forcing it on a child you have removed their right to choose. The main argument against this line of thinking is considering circumcision as preventative medicine. It does reduce the chance of getting various infections. However people who are against circumcision dispute the benefits, especially when proper hygiene and practicing safe sex is a far better more effective way of preventing those infections.
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How a digital gyroscope works
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These devices usually have microscopic vibrating structures inside a silicon chip, like tiny tuning forks. They tend to keep vibrating in the same direction in space even as the quadcopter turns. So if the electronics set one vibrating say, from front-to-back of the quadcopter but they start to detect vibration from left to right, they know the quadcopter has rotated a bit. _URL_0_
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The difference between current, amperage, and voltage
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[Never seen it put better and simpler than this. ]Electricity is electric charge moving through stuff, the charged bits that get piped through wires are electrons. Amperage is a measure of current, that's how much charge is moving through a component. It's sort of analogous to how much water is flowing through a pipe. Voltage is more or less a measure of "force" pushing charge through something, it's sort of analogous to the pressure pushing water through the pipeAmperage is a unit of measurement for current, and as you say, current is essentially how quickly electrons move through the \'pipe\' of a wire. Voltage is the potential energy of electrons -- like the height of a waterfall. Higher voltages are like taller waterfalls. Because batteries and circuits work by forcing electrons down a specified path to get where they want to be , it's best to think of a circuit like a water wheel. The height of the fall * the volume of water falling equals the power generated by the wheel .
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Why is "it's" so commonly grammatically misused over other function words like "your vs. you're" or "a vs. an"?
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People get confused because the 's declares ownership as that is what we have been taught. So when some people see its ability, they process it as it having the ownership of the ability hence using the apostrophe and writing it's ability.
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What are the benefits of salt grinders?
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Aesthetics. It allows the salt and pepper grinder to match more closely since they now have similar mechanisms in them. Also, to some extent, you can choose grind size as others have mentioned, but that relies on the grinder actually having a grind selector. But it's more reliable to simply buy salt with the desired flake size and crystal structure, IMO. Size of crystals isn't really important, though; it's shape that is important. table salt has a dense cube shaped crystal, and kosher salt has a light flake like structure- kosher salt is more preferable to use in cooking because the flakey structure is better able to stick to moist surfaces when sprinkled, such as when seasoning meat) It's also important to know which a recipe is calling for- a teaspoon of table salt will contain more grams of salt than a teaspoon of kosher salt
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How does the shoulder joint work?
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I'm not sure if "complex" is the right word, but the shoulder joint is the most flexible in the body. The shoulder joint is what's known as a ball and socket joint. The ball of your arm bone is nestled into the cup or socket of the bone in your torso. The same is true of your hip bone. What makes the shoulder unique is the muscles that help control it. In the front of your arm, if held at your side, is the bicep. This muscle connects to the tendons just above your shoulder and is what makes you capable of moving your arm forward and backwards. Surrounding the back of your shoulder is the rotator cuff, another important group of tendons and muscles that allow your to move the shoulder up and down and in almost a complete circle. In addition to muscle groups, the socket of your shoulder bone has a very small area in which it covers the ball of your arm bone. This allows for a much wider range of movement than it's ball-and-socket cousin the hip bone. TL;DR: Widest range of movement in the body, surrounded by important muscle groups.
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USA Healthcare system costs.
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ObamaCare, while an improvement, is still nothing close to what most of the developed world gets in terms of access to affordable healthcare. It basically compels more employers to provide insurance, and it offers group buying plans for those without access to employer plans. It sets rules for who and how the insurance companies can cover, and provides tax breaks to those with lower incomes so that their health insurance isn't more than a certain percentage of their income. But it's not a single payer system, or universal, etc.
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Why do I feel like a bug or something is on me after I see a bug on me?
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Because you are paranoid of having a bug on you, your mind becomes more focused on the skin. It is a mind thing, because you think their are bugs on you, you will feel bugs on you.
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Where did the generic doorbell/clock melody originate? Why is it used around the world?
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It almost certainly got its popularity from being what the [Westminster Clock Tower plays], which was inspired by the church of Saint Mary the Great in Cambridge. Where it came from before that I don't think anyone knows, but building melody patterns out of different permutations of ringing a small number of bells is an old English tradition. Especially playing *all possible* permutations, called [ringing the changes].
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How do people find seemingly impossible Easter eggs in games?
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They sometimes find them by accident, but in most cases they look at the code that makes the game work and find something in the code that makes no sense. For example Let's say that you are looking at a code for a shooting game. You are looking at the names of the guns and you say "BFG" in the names, but have never found that gun. So you keep looking around for other places where it makes a reference to BFG. You may come across something that says "push button sequence: 1356, release BFG" so you do more investigation to see what push button sequence means and what it is referring to. Eventually you put all the pieces together and figure out how to get the BFG through the series of eventsSometimes people spend years, or more likely millions of people each spend a few hours collectively. You can also take a game apart at the level of its code, and examine it for things that stand out. Usually something like an easter egg will be marked it some way too.
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why do some foods like apples cause me to get hungrier?
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The sugar in an apple causes a spike in blood sugar level and insulin. When the subsequent crash takes place, your body tells itself it is hungry in an attempt to normalize the blood sugar level again. Vicious cycle.
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What are Imaginary Numbers, exactly?
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A Visual, Intuitive Guide to Imaginary Numbers: _URL_0_', "Mathematicians like to solve equations; that's just what they do. And for *most* equations, that's pretty easy. E.g.: X + 4 = 10. Therefore X = 6. The idea is that *no matter what* equation you write, mathematicians want to come up with an answer. But what happens when you write: x^2 = -9 That *looks* like a normal equation, but it's not. Whenever you 'square' a number, the answer is **always** positive. It's literally impossible to get a negative number from squaring a 'real' number. This drives mathematicians nuts, because it means this equation don't have a real answer. And that's bad . And that's where 'imaginary' numbers come into play. Obviously you can't have an imaginary number of apples, and you can't owe an imaginary amount of money, but they 'fill in the gaps' in these unsolved equations. They give us a way to express things that we *can't* express through 'normal' ways. That doesn't make them 'fake', though; they are as meaningful as every other number out there. That's because numbers themselves aren't tangible things, they are simply concepts to help us understand the world. And that's all imaginary numbers are, too. They are *ideas* that help mathematicians wrap their heads around very difficult and complex problems.
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How can children watch the same movie (or any other content) over many times without getting bored?
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Uh Children? I 've seen "How to Train Your Dragon" at least a dozen times, and I'm 59 and live alone.Kids don't grasp and comprehend plots as quickly as adults. They are also easily distracted. So they glean more content upon repeat viewings than you as an adult would. Their understanding of the movie as a whole builds over time. They like the repetition and knowing what's going to happen next too.
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How did people before the invention of toothpaste keep proper oral hygiene, if at all?
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Toothbrushing tools date back to 3500-3000 BC when the Babylonians and the Egyptians made a brush by fraying the end of a twig. Tombs of the ancient Egyptians have been found containing toothsticks alongside their owners. Around 1600BC, the Chinese developed "chewing sticks" which were made from aromatic tree twigs to freshen breath. The Chinese are believed to have invented the first natural bristle toothbrush made from the bristles from pigs\' necks in the 15th century, with the bristles attached to a bone or bamboo handle. When it was brought from China to Europe, this design was adapted and often used softer horsehairs which many Europeans preferred. Other designs in Europe used feathers. The first toothbrush of a more modern design was made by William Addis in England around 1780 – the handle was carved from cattle bone and the brush portion was still made from swine bristles. In 1844, the first 3-row bristle brush was designed. Egyptians are believed to have started using a paste to clean their teeth around 5000BC, before toothbrushes were invented. Ancient Greeks and Romans are known to have used toothpastes, and people in China and India first used toothpaste around 500BC. Ancient toothpastes were used to treat some of the same concerns that we have today – keeping teeth and gums clean, whitening teeth and freshening breath. The ingredients of ancient toothpastes were however very different and varied. Ingredients used included a powder of ox hooves\' ashes and burnt eggshells, that was combined with pumice. The Greeks and Romans favored more abrasiveness and their toothpaste ingredients included crushed bones and oyster shells. The Romans added more flavoring to help with bad breath, as well as powdered charcoal and bark. The Chinese used a wide variety of substances in toothpastes over time that have included ginseng, herbal mints and saltMany people used the split end of a twig as a toothbrush. Still used in many parts of world as seen in this video. _URL_0_ Apart from this, may other powders made from ox hooves, burnt egg shells, husk of rice etc were used. _URL_1_Twigs. Mainly Neem for its medicinal qualities. Sometimes cloves as well.
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Why are some hospital liquid medications that come in pouches brighly colored (neon colors)?
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Depends on the drug; I work at a children's hospital and many drugs do not come in a liquid form but kiddos can't swallow pills. We have very specific recipes that we use to compound the drug into a liquid or emulsion. Dipyridamole comes as a white tablet but when you crush it using a mortar and pestle the inside is bright neon yellow. When you add the the liquids to it it stays that same neon color. Oral meds are the color that the powder of the medication is usually.
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why is it ok to dig up human remains buried long ago, but not ok/acceptable to dig up more recent generations human remains?
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Because most people would be concerned if their mother was dug up and moved without very good reason, but wouldn't even know where their great-great-great-great grandmother was buried - or even who she was.
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How does Google's Magic Leap, visual technology work?
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It tracks things in the picture to create a frame of reference and then track them. It then renders an image over the display.
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What does it mean when divers suffer from "the bends"?
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The bends is an informal name for decompression sickness, which can happens if divers ascend too fast after spending time at depth. As divers descend, the pressure increases, and so does the pressure of gasses in the diver's lungs, which means the diver's blood can hold more dissolved gas. When the diver ascends, the pressure goes down, and blood can no longer hold as much dissolved gas. If the diver ascends at a safe speed, the excess nitrogen can slowly and safely be removed by the lungs, but if the diver ascends too rapidly, large bubbles form that the lungs can't remove.It's frequently called "the bends" because the nitrogen bubbles tend to accumulate in joints, causing joint pain that may be relieved by bending them.
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Why does the box say to make the oven hotter if I want a softer crust on my frozen pizza?
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This is why you should read cooking instructions carefully. For the soft crust, the instructions will tell you to place it on a cookie sheet, thus avoiding direct heat. Usually, they either tell you to use a hotter temperature or just an increased cooking duration, your brand choose the formerTo make it simple and quick. Cooking it non-directly like on a pan or sheet will cause less heat to harden the crust, but will still cook the pizza thoroughly. Cooking it directly will have the same affect but because it is directly it will cook thoroughly quicker.
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Why do we have a preference as to what side we sleep on?
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We are not symmetric. The heart, stomach, and the other intestines get different working conditions. Liquids and gases will be on the respective other side . Pumping from above or from below is different for the heart. Some organs might have to work uphill.
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anyone know how to calculate how much force a car exerts on a human body when hitting a running pedestrian?
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Short answer, it is very difficult - there are lots and lots of variables at play, that you would have to model mathematically. This is one of the reasons that they still use crash test dummies and physical tests in the automotive industry. For collisions in general, the procedure usually relies in "conservation of momentum." The assumption is that the total momentum 1 + 2 = m1m2*v1v2. For the case of a car hitting someone, this assumption does not hold though, as energy is expended in the permanent deformations that take place in both the car and pedestrian. If you made a whole bunch of simplifying assumptions .3. Calculate the average force imparted to the pedestrian from F= ma Note that none of those assumptions are great thoughYes. we need more info, though. We need speed of pedestrian, Speed of car. Mass of pedestrian, Mass of car. Assuming its a horizontal collision perpendicular to gravity.The force formula is f=ma so I'd assume it's something not too different than that, but I've never taken a physics class so I'll leave the definite to the physics people on reddit.
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Why do spaces turn into %20 when typing websites into the browser address bar?
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URLs are not allowed to contain spaces. Trust me - it makes life a million times easier for programmers. If you want to access a resource that has spaces in it's proper name you need to use an *escape sequence* to put it in there. The standard used for escaping characters in URLs is to start with a % character and then follow up with that character's [ASCII] value. In the case of a space, that value is "20". If you want a literal % character, you 'd need to use two of them in a row - %% - so that the program doesn't get confused.Some characters can have special meanings in URLs or aren't permitted for various technical reasons. Your browser converts these symbols to safe versions by taking the two-digit hexadecimal of the [ASCII character code], and prepending that with the % symbol to indicate that it's a character code rather than the literal characters 2 and 0. This technique is called URL encoding or an escape sequence. The webserver understands this particular convention, so when it sees % in a URL it converts the code back into the relevant character for processing. For more information see [this wikipedia page] or section 2.1 of the non-eli5 friendly [RFC 3986] which is the standardisation document for URLs.The space is not an allowed symbol in the format for URLs that is commonly recognized by browsers, servers, etc. URLs use the percentage sign as an *escape symbol*, indicating what follows is not to be parsed in the normal way; the numbers after the percent symbol specify what the character should be. This way the information can be preserved without actually including it directly in the URL.
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Why are models of our solar system always shown with the planets rotating the sun in a 2D plane?
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For the most part they do rotate in an almost 2D plane. I think Uranus's orbit is slightly skewed from the rest of the planets, but for the most part it's the most stable orientation. It's kind of like how Saturn's rings are all settled in a single plane as they orbit around the planet, due to the gravity of the debris also having an effect on each other, pulling everything as close together as possible while still maintaining a stable orbit. Basically a similar thing happened around the sun in what is called an accretion disk. Eventually, clumps of the disk gathered together in more dense chunks, and the bigger the chunks, the heavier they got, the stronger their local gravity wells become, and the more debris they attracted, until these clumps all condensed into what are basically the planets, their moons, and the asteroid belt; all orbiting in roughly the same plane as they did before.
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What companies like Goldman Sachs do?
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They are brokerage houses, they enable consumers to buy and sell stocks, mutual funds, bonds, etc. Goldman in particular caters almost exclusively to high end customers, a few million and up.
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What happens in your body when you instantly sober up after witnessing something traumatic if all the alcohol is still there?
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It’s all about the adrenaline. You’re not actually sober but adrenaline causes you to be more alert and have extra energy giving you the sense of being sober.
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How are gamers able to find glitches to do speed runs?
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brute force. Tons of people playing the same game for hundreds of hours, things will be found. A lot of the ways, they can tell how the physics in a game work and can think to themselves "oh, how would this bit of physics work here", and then they break the game through that. Other times, its pure luck
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What makes a person's voice sound so weak and "shaky" when they're old?
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As you grow older the organs in your body become less efficient and it compromises their performance. The same holds true for your vocal chords. You can see this in singers as they get older. Their voices mature and start deteriorating past a certain point. Cigarettes and alcohol also speed up this decline . _URL_0_ Edit- By god, why can't I spell
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How do radio stations get traffic reports?
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* Call in tips * Live Cameras on some roads * Communication with the police / transportation authority for accidents, incidents and construction. * Google maps * Airplanes and helicopters These are the main ones and aside from google most have been in use for decades.
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Why are the effects and graphics in animations (Avengers, Matrix, Tangled etc) are expensive? Is it the software, effort, materials or talent fees of the graphic artists?
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Former Digital FX Supervisor and 18-year veteran of the visual effects business here. Hopefully this doesn't get lost in the depths here The biggest expense in the visual effects business is people's time. ~80% of a budget for a VFX company goes towards paying salaries. Making movies full of things that don't exist is complicated. You need great concept designers, modelers, riggers, lookdev, animators, techanimators , lighters, FX artists, compositors, pipeline TD's, coordinators, producers, supervisory and lead staff for each discipline, Systems & IT, staff supporting overnight renders, not to mention the company management, bidding, and executives, as well as folks overseeing any studio-wide training, and the folks who keep the building maintained. Most large VFX companies also have their own software staff, who build many of the tools the artists use. Great programmers are expensive! People people people. Hardware and software costs are comparatively teeny tiny. It used to be that an artist's workstation could cost $40k -- these days, a good workstation can be anywhere between $1500-$4000, depending on which discipline is doing the work. Measured against the cost of the artist, that ain't much. Software expense figures a bit more than hardware, but it still pales in comparison to the cost of the people doing the work. Tell you what though, one of the most expensive aspects of making good VFX is clients not knowing what the hell they want, before the work starts. When a director changes his/her mind, mid-production, and a character has to be redesigned, it's awesomely expensive, because you've got a whole crew of people who now have to re-do some giant chunk of work when the new ideas flow downstream. OF ALL THE THINGS I'VE SEEN THAT MAKE MOVIES COST A LOT TO DEVELOP, THE BIGGEST ISSUE IS POOR PLANNING & COMMUNICATION. EDIT: Thanks for the gold :) Didn't foresee this turning into my top comment!
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If rain is a result of the water cycle, why do we have more rain in the autumn and winter when evaporation is presumably lower?
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First: This is not true for a lot of places ) Second: For it to rain you do need water in the air - but you also need that water to condensate. There are certain things that will make it more likely to rain, that means favour condensation of water vapour into liquid water . * the amount of humidity - more the better* the temperature of the air - lower the better* pressure of the air - lower the better* cloud condensation nuclei - more the better In autumn the temperature is generally lower- so that criteria is metThe major evaporation takes place in the Ocean in warm latitudes. The humid air moves to a cooler place. The moisture condenses coming down as rain or snow and incidentally releasing the heat accumulated in the tropics thus warming the region where it snows or rains. No it is not the heat of the tropics and the rain will be cold and wet. But heat was released when the water vapor turned into water.
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Why are stores and restaurants on the east and west coasts of the US so different?
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It can be difficult for a store to expand into a new market if already dominated by competitors. For example Wal-Mart is also notably weak in Minnesota, because it's the home of Target who already dominated the department store market. Some chains have a huge following in their home region but haven't expanded like In n Out because expansion can be expensive and may not pay off for a smaller company. Why risk it when you make a good profit where you are? They might gradually open up in other states but they're not going to become as big as in their homes overnight.You have to remember that America is not homogenous or uniform. East coast history has a lot of French influence, especially as you head in the Alabama and Louisiana direction as they were once held by the French. West coast history is heavily influence by Spain and Mexico and explorers from Asia had a great influence on the building of the west, even if we did not treat them well. On top of these cultural influences, the West Coast is newer than the East, they were able to take the building and planning lessons learned in the East and build their cities accordingly. The East Coast cities face problems of too narrow streets in historic regions as well as having to build around historic architecture. Its just a different history and cultural influences that make the West different from the East
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why isn't happy hour one single hour?
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Because it is hard to drink enough in one hour to wash the smell and taste of Corporate America off of you.The term happy hour goes back a long way, and no one is really sure where the term comes from as applied to drinking. It was a term for an hour of exercise, used by Navy sailors in the 1920s and has been used as far back as Shakespeare in other contexts. As for drinking, Happy Hours occur in the period between leaving work, and dinner. The most reasonable explanation I've heard is that from 5-6PM was the Happy Hour where people leaving the office would stop off at the nearest bar for a drink before going home. Since bars like making money, and people like cheap drinks, happy hour has been extended to afternoons, evenings, and reverse happy hours at night. Like many outdated terms, its just stuck around in the language.In most places where the drink specials are longer than an hour, it's still called happy hour because you are only happy for one hour. After a few drinks you go from happy drunk to angry, dejected, semi-incapacitated drunk. But "happy hour followed by two hours of mind numbing, bitter depression" just doesn't have a good ring to it.because its not convenient for people and restaurants wouldn't make any money and get annoyed customers because happy hour is so short.Also happy hour is different for people depending on when they get off work. Generally speaking its the few hours after you get off work every day.Time speeds up when you are drinking 3 hour sober time is 1 hour drinking time.
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Why do they call it FAPing?
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"Fap" is internet short hand for masturbation. It is an onomatopoeic reference to the sound of a man masturbating . Since many of the leaked photos were nudes or otherwise sexual in nature it is assumed they were used for masturbationThe terms "fap" and "shlick" both originated with the highly NSFW web comic [Sexy Losers], where the artist used them to accompany male and female masturbation as sound effects. You can find a link to the original comic through the [Know Your Meme] entry on fap, which is also NSFW. EDIT: Only one "c" in shlick, apparently
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What's preventing world peace?
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Lack of education, stupid politics, religions, greed, natural resources. Hard to tell. People are assholes.
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